Module
1
Europe
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2020·湖北省孝感市第一中学高三月考)The
Z
Hotel
is
in
the
heart
of
London's
West
End
and
has
comfortable
accommodation
in
a
contemporary
design.
All
rooms
include
handcrafted
beds,
48?inch
Samsung
HD
TVs
with
free
Sky
Sports
and
Movie
channels,
and
free
Wi?Fi.
Each
room
also
has
under?bed
storage
for
an
overnight
bag,
and
wall?mounted
hanging
space
for
clothing.
The
Z
Hotel
also
offers
wheelchair
accessible
rooms.
Continental
breakfast
is
served
in
The
Z
Cafe
every
morning,
including
smoked
salmon,
fresh
bread,
fresh
fruit
salad
and
bacon
rolls.
A
selection
of
salads,
sandwiches
and
hot
dishes
are
on
offer
throughout
the
day.
The
hotel
is
a
5?minute
walk
from
Prince
of
Wales
Theatre
and
Chinatown
London,
Leicester
Square,
Piccadilly
Circus
and
Trafalgar
Square.
Heathrow
Airport
can
be
reached
directly
from
Piccadilly
Circus
Underground
Station.
This
is
our
guests'
favorite
part
of
London,
according
to
independent
reviews.
This
area
is
also
great
for
shopping,
with
popular
brands
nearby:
Apple,
H&M,
Zara,
Burberry
and
Chanel.
The
Z
Hotel
is
rated
for
the
best
value
in
London!
Guests
are
getting
more
for
their
money
when
compared
to
other
hotels
in
this
city.
Come
and
stay
with
us!
Most
popular
facilities：
◆Luggage
storage
◆Heating
◆Free
Wi?Fi
◆Air
conditioning
◆24?hour
front
desk
◆Daily
maid
service
◆Parking
◆Lift
Prices：
Double
room—non?smoking
￡179
?Non?refundable
(不退款)
?Good
Breakfast
￡9.50
Twin
Room—non?smoking
￡185
?Non?refundable
?Good
Breakfast
￡9.50
Queen
Room—disability
access
￡219
?Pay
at
the
hotel
(no
prepayment
needed)
?Good
Breakfast
included
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了伦敦Z酒店的酒店设施、服务以及价格。
1．When
staying
in
this
hotel,
you
will
enjoy
all
of
the
following
EXCEPT
________.
A．free
Wi?Fi
B．a
TV
with
some
free
channels
C．under?bed
storage
space
D．airport
pick?up
service
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，A、B、C三项都属于酒店提供的，而住在这家酒店时，不包括机场接送服务，故选D。
2．If
a
man
in
a
wheelchair
wants
to
stay
in
this
hotel
for
two
nights,
he
should
pay
________.
A．￡404
B．￡358
C．￡438
D．￡370
答案：C 细节理解题。根据“Prices”下面的“Queen
Room—disability
access
￡219”可得，219×2＝438，故选C。
3．From
the
passage
we
can
learn
________.
A．the
hotel
is
close
to
Heathrow
Airport
B．the
hotel
is
good
value
for
guests'
money
C．the
hotel
serves
Chinese?style
breakfast
D．there
is
a
shop
with
popular
brands
in
the
hotel
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第六段前两句内容“Z酒店被评为伦敦最值得一去的酒店。与这个城市的其他酒店相比，客人们的钱花得更值。”可推知这家酒店物有所值，故选B。
【词汇积累】 ①accommodation
n.
住宿；膳宿 ②contemporary
adj.
当代的；现代的 ③accessible
adj.
可使用的；可进入的 ④brand
n.
品牌
【难句分析】 原文：Guests
are
getting
more
for
their
money
when
compared
to
other
hotels
in
this
city.与这个城市的其他酒店相比，客人们得到了更多的实惠。(第六段第二句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导条件状语从句。
B
(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)When
I
was
a
boy,
our
extended,
immigrant
family
would
sometimes
gather
at
my
aunt's
tiny
house
over
the
summer.
Relatives
from
all
over
the
country
would
come
to
visit.
The
adults
would
crowd
together
in
the
living
room
to
talk
and
catch
up
on
each
other's
lives.
And
the
kids
would
be
sent
out
into
the
front
yard
to
play
when
dinner
was
slowly
cooked
for
all
of
us.
Those
were
the
days
before
video
games,
smart
phones,
and
motorized
toys,
so
we
often
ended
up
playing
an
old
game.
I
remember
one
of
those
moments
especially.
As
I
was
the
youngest
and
smallest
of
all
the
kids
there,
I
got
caught
first
and
couldn't
catch
anyone
else.
My
brothers
and
cousins
were
all
too
fast
for
me,
and
I
grew
more
and
more
frustrated.
Finally
my
face
fell
first
into
the
dirt.
I
got
up
with
tears
forming
in
my
eyes.
Then
I
saw
one
of
my
female
cousins
Susan
standing
there.
She
started
to
run
but
was
going
much
slower
than
before.
I
easily
caught
up
and
seized
her.
Then
she
turned
to
me,
smiled,
and
said,
“I'm
it!
You'd
better
run！”
I
ran
off
laughing
with
glee
while
she
turned
and
started
to
chase
others.
Now
I
see
how
her
act
of
kindness
that
day
saved
me
from
sadness
and
made
my
joy
return.
It
didn't
matter
that
we
hardly
ever
saw
each
other.
I
know
we
are
family
and
she
loves
me.
In
her
wonderful
book
Box
of
Butterflies,
Roma
Downey
writes,
“We
are
all
one,
we
all
belong
to
each
other,
and
we
are
one
big,
beautiful
family.”
Perhaps
it
is
time
we
all
started
to
treat
each
other
that
way.
Perhaps
it
is
time
we
shared
our
love,
our
kindness,
our
laughter,
and
our
joy
with
everyone
without
fear.
Perhaps
it
is
time
to
finally
and
forever
bring
this
world
together
in
one
big
family
reunion.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个移民大家庭中爱与善的分享使全家团结一致的温馨故事。
4．When
the
adults
were
chatting,
the
kids
would
________.
A．play
video
games
B．sit
in
the
front
yard
C．learn
to
cook
dinner
D．play
traditional
games
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“the
kids
would
be
sent
out
into
the
front
yard
to
play”以及第二段第一句“Those
were
the
days
...
playing
an
old
game.”可知，当大人们聊天时，孩子们在前院里玩传统的游戏，故正确答案为D。
5．The
author
was
able
to
catch
Susan
because
________.
A．the
others
ran
too
fast
B．the
author
was
good
at
running
C．Susan
gave
her
a
chance
D．Susan
wanted
to
chase
others
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是“She
started
to
run
but
was
going
much
slower
than
before.
I
easily
caught
up
and
seized
her.”同时结合第三段第一句可推知，Susan看到作者哭了，出于善良，给了作者一个机会，让作者能够抓住她，故正确答案为C。
6．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage?
A．The
author
is
grateful
for
what
Susan
did
to
her.
B．The
author
can't
meet
Susan
any
more.
C．The
author
urges
others
to
love
their
family.
D．The
author
believes
the
world
will
become
a
big
family.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是第一句可推知，作者很感激Susan为她做的事，故正确答案为A。
7．What
could
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．A
memory
of
my
childhood
B．Sharing
of
goodness
unites
us
C．Kindness
brightens
our
life
D．A
good
deed
is
invaluable
答案：B 标题判断题。根据最后一段并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者童年时和兄弟姐妹做游戏的一次经历，领悟到分享善意使我们团结。故B项最适合作本文的标题。
【词汇积累】 ①immigrant
adj.
(外来)移民；外侨 ②motorized
adj.
有引擎的；机动的 ③frustrated
adj.
懊丧；懊恼；沮丧 ④seize
v.
抓住；捉住；夺
【难句分析】 原文：Those
were
the
days
before
video
games,
smart
phones,
and
motorized
toys,
so
we
often
ended
up
playing
an
old
game.那时候还没有电子游戏、智能手机和电动玩具，所以我们最后经常玩一个老游戏。(第二段第一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。so引导结果状语从句。
C
(2020·广西南宁三中高三考试)Increasing
numbers
of
airports,
especially
in
Europe,
are
promoting
a
“silent
airport”
idea.
It
is
to
reduce
noise
pollution,
such
as
airport?wide
announcements,
without
sacrificing
timely
and
helpful
updates
of
information.
International
airports
were
once
characterized
by
their
high
voices,
competing
gate
announcements
and
so
on.
This
is
all
changing.
Angela
Gittens,
director
general
of
Airports
Council
International
(ACI),
says
there
is
a
growing
desire
among
airports
and
airlines
they
serve
to
create
a
calm,
relaxed
atmosphere
without
being
disturbed
by
announcements.
“Passengers
can
relax
while
they
wait
for
their
flight
to
board
in
the
common
airside
lounges
(休闲区),
and
food
and
drink
areas，”
she
says.
In
June,
Helsinki
Airport
in
Finland—a
country
where
the
tourism
slogan
(口号)
is
“silence,
please”—became
the
most
recent
airport
to
adopt
the
silent
concept.
As
part
of
its
commitment
to
quieting
things
down,
announcements
for
flights
are
made
only
in
boarding
gate
areas.
Lose
track
of
time
in
the
shops?
Too
bad.
Nobody's
going
to
call
you
to
your
flight,
as
announcements
in
all
terminals
will
be
made
only
in
exceptional
(特别的)
emergency
circumstances.
Heikki
Koski,
vice
president
of
Helsinki
Airport,
says
that
improved
flight
information
display
system
and
interactive
kiosks
(交互式自助服务机),
together
with
advances
in
mobile
technology,
are
changing
the
way
airports
communicate
with
passengers.
At
Munich
airport,
InfoGate
kiosks
allow
for
video?based
face?to?face
conversation
with
a
live
customer
service
representative
in
the
traveler's
language
of
choice.
Interactive
signs,
on
the
other
hand,
give
directions
at
the
touch
of
finger.
Passengers
can
tap
a
“you
are
here”
display
to
get
directions
and
approximate
walking
time
to
their
destinations.
Of
course,
an
airport
will
never
be
as
silent
as
a
temple.
There
will
continue
to
be
a
need
for
airport?wide
emergency
announcements
along
with
boarding
calls.
But
at
silent
airports,
the
latter
can
be
restricted
to
specific
gates,
as
has
adopted
in
Helsinki.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。越来越多的机场尤其是在欧洲，正推行一个安静空港理念。文章具体介绍了赫尔辛基机场的安静空港理念的推行情况。
8．What
is
Angela
Gittens'
opinion
on
the
silent
airport
concept?
A．It
makes
airport
noise?free.
B．It
is
intended
for
passengers'
benefit.
C．It
has
changed
international
airports'
reputation.
D．It
has
encouraged
the
catering
industry
in
airports.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Angela
Gittens,
director
general
of
Airports
Council
International
(ACI),
says
there
is
a
growing
desire
among
airports
and
airlines
they
serve
to
create
a
calm,
relaxed
atmosphere
without
being
disturbed
by
announcements.”可知，安静空港的理念会营造一种平静、轻松的氛围，她认为这对乘客有好处。故选B。
9．What
should
passengers
pay
close
attention
to
at
Helsinki
Airport?
A．Their
boarding
time.
B．Finland's
tourism
slogan.
C．The
shop's
opening
hours.
D．The
“you
are
here”
display.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第六段中“Nobody's
going
to
call
you
to
your
flight,
as
announcements
in
all
terminals
will
be
made
only
in
exceptional
(特别的)
emergency
circumstances.”可知，只有在非常紧急的情况下，所有航站楼才会发出通知，所以乘客应该注意他们的登机时间。故选A。
10．Why
is
Munich
Airport
mentioned
in
the
text?
A．To
show
its
popularity.
B．To
introduce
Infogate
kiosks.
C．To
prove
Heikki
Koski's
words.
D．To
be
compared
with
Helsinki
Airport.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Passengers
can
tap
a
‘you
are
here’
display
to
get
directions
and
approximate
walking
times
to
their
destinations.”可知，提到Munich
Airport是为了证实本段第一句Heikki
Koski的话“改进的航班信息显示系统和交互式自助服务机，加上移动技术的进步，正在改变机场与乘客沟通的方式”。故选C。
11．What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．Silence,
please.
This
is
an
airport
B．Can
airports
be
as
quiet
as
temples?
C．Silent
airports
all
around
the
world
D．Technology
helps
airports
become
interactive
答案：A 标题判断题。文章第一句“Increasing
numbers
of
airports,
especially
in
Europe,
are
promoting
a
‘silent
airport’
idea.”引出主题，呼吁机场推行silent
airport理念。故选A。
【词汇积累】 ①reduce
v.
减少，缩小 ②characterize
v.
是……的特征；以……为典型 ③commitment
n.
承诺；许诺；保证 ④approximate
adj.
大约的；近似的；接近的
【难句分析】 原文：It
is
to
reduce
noise
pollution,
such
as
airport－wide
announcements,
without
sacrificing
timely
and
helpful
updates
of
information.这是为了减少噪音污染，如机场范围内的公告，同时又不牺牲及时和有益的信息更新。(第一段第二句)
分析：本句为简单句。句中without
sacrificing
timely
and
helpful
updates
of
information为without介词短语作伴随状语。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020·浙江省金丽衢十二校高三第一次联考)Located
on
the
island
of
Pemba,
Vanta
Resort
is
a
remote
and
luxurious
hotel,
famed
for
its
unique
underwater
room
that
allows
guests
to
enjoy
the
__1__
(beauty)
marine
life
of
the
Indian
Ocean
from
the
comfort
of
their
bed!
The
unusual
room
floats
almost
250
meters
away
from
the
coast
and
__2__
(hold)
in
place
by
several
anchoring
lines
(锚索)
leading
to
the
ocean
floor.
The
top
two
floors
of
the
underwater
room
are
above
the
surface
of
the
water.
At
sea
level,
the
landing
deck
(甲板)
in
__3__
middle
contains
an
area
for
resting
and
dining
as
well
as
the
bathroom
facilities.__4__
(guest)
can
also
climb
a
ladder
onto
the
top
deck
to
lay
out
__5__
the
sun
or
gaze
up
at
the
stars
during
the
night.
Of
course
the
real
attraction
is
the
bedroom
on
the
bottom
level,
__6__
sits
four
meters
beneath
the
surface
of
the
water.
Besides
a
double
bed
__7__
(lie)
on,
the
room
also
has
two
large
windows
on
each
wall,
__8__
(give)
almost
total
360－degree
view
of
the
water
around
it.
Each
window
even
has
underwater
spotlights
on
the
outside
that
attract
and
illuminate
(照明)
nearby
sea
creatures
at
night,
so
guests
can
watch
them
as
they
drift
off
to
sleep.
As
you
can
__9__
(probable)
guess,
the
cost
to
enjoy
such
a
hotel
room
isn't
cheap.
Spending
one
night
in
the
underwater
room
costs
US
$1,500
for
two
people
on
top
of
the
regular
cost
of
the
resort,
which
__10__
(vary)
depending
on
the
time
of
year
and
duration
of
your
stay.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了万塔度假村的特色水下客房。
1．beautiful 考查词性转换。句意：万塔度假村位于彭巴岛，是一家偏远而豪华的酒店，以其独特的水下客房而闻名，客人可以在舒适的床上欣赏印度洋美丽的海洋生物！修饰名词marine
life用形容词，故填beautiful。
2．is
held 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这个非同寻常的房间漂浮在离海岸约250米的地方，由几条通向海底的锚索固定。The
unusual
room与hold之间是被动关系，且陈述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is
held。
3．the 考查冠词。句意：在海平面上，位于中间的甲板上设有休息、用餐以及浴室设施。in
the
middle
of表示“在……中间”，故填the。
4．Guests 考查名词。句意：客人也可以从梯子爬到顶层甲板上晒太阳或在晚上仰望星星。guest是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故填Guests。
5．in 考查介词。in
the
sun表示“在阳光下”，故填in。
6．which 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：当然，真正引人入胜的是底层的卧室，它位于水下4米处。先行词为bedroom，指物，关系词在非限定性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
7．to
lie 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了一张可以躺的双人床外，房间的每一面墙上还有两扇大窗户，几乎可以360度看到窗外的水域。被修饰的名词是lie
on的逻辑宾语，用不定式作后置定语修饰bed，故填to
lie。
8．giving 考查非谓语动词。the
room与give之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填giving。
9．probably 考查词性转换。句意：你可能也猜到了，入住这样一个酒店房间的花销并不便宜。修饰动词guess用副词，故填probably。
10．varies 考查动词的时态。句意：两个人在水下房间住一晚的费用是1,500美元，高于度假村的常规费用，这取决于一年中的入住时间和入住多久。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，which指代主句内容，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填varies。
PAGEModule
2
Developing
and
Developed
Countries
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·辽宁省五校协作体高三上学期联合模拟考试)In
a
long－sleeved
shirt
and
jeans,
Dieudonne
Twahirwa
looks
nothing
like
the
traditional
African
farmer.
The
30－year－old
owner
of
Gashora
Farm
knows
what
a
difference
that
makes.
“You
need
more
role
models，”
he
said,
standing
among
knee－high
rows
of
chilli
(辣椒)
plants.
“If
you
have
young
farmers,
they
have
land
and
they
drive
to
the
farm,
others
may
think,
‘Why
can't
I
do
that？’”
Mr
Twahirwa,
a
university
graduate,
bought
a
friend's
tomato
farm
six
years
ago
for
$150.
He
made
$1,500
back
in
two
months.
“You
have
to
link
farming
with
entrepreneurship
and
real
numbers，”
he
said.
Many
young
Africans
are
abandoning
areas
in
the
countryside,
choosing
not
to
work
hard
and
for
a
long
time
in
the
fields—a
job
made
tougher
by
climate
change.
But
Twahirwa
is
one
of
the
growing
band
of
successful
farmers
working
to
make
agriculture's
image
on
the
continent
more
attractive.
Some
1,000
farmers
now
produce
chillies
for
him.
He
is
starting
a
fourth
farm
of
his
own,
and
exports
fresh
and
dried
chillies
and
oil
to
Britain,
the
United
States,
India,
and
Kenya.
Africa
has
the
world's
youngest
population
and
65
percent
of
its
uncultivated
arable
land
(耕地后备资源).
Yet
accessing
land
and
loans
is
difficult,
and
African
productivity
is
low
with
crop
yields
just
56
percent
of
the
international
average.
“Agriculture
is
mainly
associated
with
suffering
and
no
young
person
wants
to
suffer，”
said
Tamara
Kaunda.
She
believes
African
agriculture
needs
a
change
to
get
rid
of
its
old－fashioned
image
of
very
hard
and
tiring
work
with
a
hoe.
“Show
young
people
tractors,
green
fields,
nice
irrigation
systems
and
smartphones，”
she
said.
Getting
young
people
involved
in
agriculture
does
not
mean
they
have
to
work
on
a
farm.
For
example,
in
coffee
production,
the
beans
go
from
the
farm
to
the
washing
station,
then
to
be
separated
from
the
husks
(外壳)．
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候与农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业。Dieudonne
Twahirwa则为非洲青年树立了榜样。
1．What
does
“Why
can't
I
do
that？”
in
Paragraph
2
mean?
A．Why
can't
I
drive
to
the
farm?
B．Why
can't
they
farm?
C．They
follow
the
example
of
those
farmers.
D．They
bought
a
friend's
tomato
farm.
答案：C 句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If
you
have
young
farmers,
they
have
land
and
they
drive
to
the
farm,
others
may
think,
‘Why
can't
I
do
that？’”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想，为什么“我”不能那样做？该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿这些农民的做法。故选C。
2．What
makes
it
harder
for
farmers
to
work?
A．Poor
land.
B．Climate.
C．Low
income.
D．Long
working
hours.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“a
job
made
tougher
by
climate
change”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因在于气候变化。故选B。
3．What
can
we
learn
about
Twahirwa
according
to
Paragraph
5?
A．He
made
a
fortune
by
growing
chillies.
B．His
chillies
are
superb
in
the
world.
C．Farmers
working
for
him
live
a
simple
life.
D．The
locals
aren't
willing
to
buy
his
chillies.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some
1,000
farmers
now
produce
chillies
for
him.
He
is
starting
a
fourth
farm
of
his
own”可推知，Twahirwa通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。
4．When
it
comes
to
agriculture
in
Africa,
what
do
people
think
about
it?
A．Loans
are
difficult.
B．Most
land
is
uncultivated.
C．Crop
yields
are
rather
low.
D．Farming
methods
are
out
of
date.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“African
agriculture
needs
a
change
to
get
rid
of
its
old－fashioned
image
of
very
hard
and
tiring
work
with
a
hoe”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可推知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。
【词汇积累】 ①productivity
n.
生产率；生产效率 ②yield
n.
产量；产出；利润 ③irrigation
n.
灌溉 ④get
rid
of
摆脱，除去
【难句分析】 原文：Getting
young
people
involved
in
agriculture
does
not
mean
they
have
to
work
on
a
farm.让年轻人参与农业并不意味着他们必须在田地工作。(最后一段第一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。Getting
young
people
involved
in
agriculture是动名词短语作主语，mean后跟一个省略了that的宾语从句。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Ivan
Stoltzfus,
70,
was
a
farmer
in
Pennsylvania.
Then
one
day,
he
__1__
wise
words
from
his
father
and
he
decided
to
realize
a
lifelong
__2__.
“He
said
one
day
out
of
the
blue,
‘Ivan,
if
you
have
a
dream,
don't
wait
until
you're
too
old
and
__3__
can't
do
it，’”
Stoltzfus
said.
Stoltzfus
always
wanted
to
__4__
across
the
country,
like
his
father
did
for
work
when
he
was
a
__5__.
And
for
a
long
time
he
had
a
calling
to
somehow
__6__
to
American
veterans
(退伍军人).
He
said
he
didn't
want
to
take
his
freedom
for
__7__.
In
2014,
the
farmer
combined
both
of
his
dreams
and
decided
to
drive
across
the
country
in
a
1948
tractor
to
__8__
money
and
awareness
for
wounded
__9__.
“I
like
to
think
going
across
America
as
__10__
that
seed
of
hope，”
Stoltzfus
said.
“Giving
those
hope
that
have
__11__.”
Stoltzfus
has
raised
nearly
$50,000
for
veterans,
in
particular,
for
those
who
__12__
from
post?traumatic
stress
disorder
(创伤后应激障碍).
In
the
short
time
Fox
News
__13__
with
Stoltzfus
in
the
small
town
of
Oregon,
three
__14__
strangers
stopped
to
greet
him.
Two
were
veterans.
One
__15__
for
his
gas.
Both
thanked
him.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。70岁的美国农民Ivan
Stoltzfus开拖拉机跑遍全国，在实现他的梦想的同时也为退伍军人集资募捐。
1．A.recalled
B．retold
C．fought
D．ordered
答案：A recall
“回忆”；retell
“复述”；fight
“打架”；order
“命令”。Ivan
Stoltzfus已经是一位70岁的老人了，他回忆起父亲告诉他的话。故选A。
2．A.condition
B．dream
C．patience
D．direction
答案：B 根据下一句父亲对Stoltzfus所说的话：鼓励Stoltzfus去追逐梦想，可知Stoltzfus决定去实现自己的梦想(dream)，故选B。
3．A.mentally
B．generally
C．physically
D．luckily
答案：C mentally
“精神上地”；generally
“一般地”；physically
“身体上地”；luckily
“幸运地”。父亲劝Stoltzfus不要等到上了年纪、身体不好而不能实现梦想时，空留遗憾，故选C。
4．A.run
B．come
C．turn
D．drive
答案：D drive
across表示“开车穿越”，下文提到Stoltzfus驾驶着一辆拖拉机穿越整个美国来帮助退伍的老兵，故选D。
5．A.driver
B．husband
C．farmer
D．child
答案：D 在他父亲因工作原因开车穿越美国时，Stoltzfus应该还是一个孩子，故选D。
6．A.give
off
B．give
back
C．turn
back
D．look
back
答案：B give
off
“散发”；give
back
“回馈”；turn
back
“转身”；look
back
“回顾”。Stoltzfus一直认为退伍的老兵是英雄，他希望能为这些老兵们做些事情来回馈他们，故选B。
7．A.serious
B．granted
C．regarded
D．asked
答案：B take
...
for
granted
“认为……是理所当然的”。Stoltzfus尊重那些退伍的老兵，视他们为英雄，他从不认为自己的自由是理所当然的。故选B。
8．A.raise
B．break
C．widen
D．lose
答案：A raise
“筹募；提升”。Stoltzfus决定开着自己的拖拉机穿越美国，目的是募集一些资金和提升人们关怀受伤老兵的意识。故选A。
9．A.farmers
B．elders
C．passengers
D．heroes
答案：D 对于Stoltzfus而言，这些受伤的退伍军人曾经保证了美国人的自由，他们是英雄(heroes)。故选D。
10．A.collecting
B．buying
C．planting
D．getting
答案：C Stoltzfus认为帮助那些受伤的退伍军人，就像是播种(plant)希望。故选C。
11．A.used
up
B．set
up
C．given
up
D．taken
up
答案：C use
up
“用尽”；set
up
“建立”；give
up
“放弃”；take
up
“占据”。Stoltzfus之所以播种希望，是想给那些已经放弃的人以希望。故选C。
12．A.result
B．suffer
C．hear
D．date
答案：B suffer
from
“遭受”。Stoltzfus已经为退伍军人们募集了近5万美元，帮助了很多老兵，尤其是遭受创伤后应激障碍的那些人。故选B。
13．A.spent
B．wasted
C．planned
D．respected
答案：A spend
time
“花费时间”。福克斯新闻在俄勒冈的小镇采访Stoltzfus的短暂时间里，就有三个陌生人来问候他。故选A。
14．A.different
B．private
C．special
D．familiar
答案：A 根据后文可知，是三个不同(different)身份的陌生人。故选A。
15．A.stood
B．left
C．paid
D．provided
答案：C Stoltzfus的付出得到了认可，两位老兵对他表示谢意，还有一个人为他付了(pay)油费。故选C。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2020·河南省八市重点高中联盟高三上期“领军考试”试题)When
we
talk
to
our
friends
online,
typing
can
become
a
little
boring.
We
turn
to
memes
(表情包)
to
make
our
conversations
more
fun.
__1__
At
least
10
students
who
were
admitted
to
Harvard
University
lost
their
chance
to
study
there
after
posting
offensive
(攻击性的)
memes
in
a
private
Facebook
group,
the
university's
student
newspaper,
the
Harvard
Crimson,
reported
on
June
5.
“Rather
than
just
regular
jokes,
the
memes
went
to
truly
dark
and
ugly
place,
joking
about
Orthodox
Jews
(犹太教徒),
the
gas
chambers
(毒气室),
Mexican
children
and
suicide，”
reported
CNN.
__2__
But
later,
some
students
set
up
another
group
where
they
traded
several
offensive
memes.
When
Harvard
University
found
out
about
the
group,
it
took
back
the
students'
offers.
__3__
“I
appreciate
humor,
but
there
are
so
many
topics
that
just
should
not
be
joked
about，”
incoming
freshman
Jessica
Zhang
told
the
Harvard
Crimson.
“I
do
not
know
how
those
offensive
images
could
be
defended.”
__4__
“It
sounds
like
Harvard
is
going
too
deeply
into
the
private
lives
of
students，”
Alan
Dershowitz,
a
retired
Harvard
Law
School
professor,
told
The
Guardian.
“It
may
affect
them
for
life.”
__5__
Last
year,
a
similar
Facebook
group
for
admitted
Harvard
students
drew
criticism
from
the
university
after
some
of
its
members
posted
racist
jokes.
A．The
incident
has
caused
fierce
debates,
both
in
the
university
and
around
the
world.
B．A
world?class
university
should
help
students
open
minds
and
overcome
bias
(偏见)．
C．However,
others
believe
the
university
overstepped
the
boundaries.
D．The
group
was
originally
meant
for
would?be
Harvard
freshmen
to
get
to
know
each
other
before
they
began
university.
E．Jeff
Yang,
himself
a
graduate
of
Harvard,
said
the
university
was
right
to
punish
the
students.
F．But
sometimes,
sending
the
wrong
meme
can
make
trouble.
G．In
fact,
this
is
not
the
first
time
Harvard
has
dealt
with
a
case
like
this.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一些学生在某个群体内发送具有攻击性的表情包，结果被哈佛大学拒绝入学的故事。
1．F 根据下文内容，哈佛大学开除了至少10人，因使用不合适的表情包，故可推知F项“可是有时候发错表情包也会产生麻烦。”适用此空，并可引起下文。
2．D 根据下文“But
later,
some
students
set
up
another
group
where
they
traded
several
offensive
memes.”可知有些学生另建一个群，发一些有攻击性质的表情包，所以可以推断出，一开始建立的校内群并非如此，故选D。
3．A
下一段内容是人们讨论学校做法的内容。故A项“这个问题在该校和全球范围内引起了激烈讨论”符合语境。
4．C C项中的“overstepped
the
boundaries”与Alan教授的话“deeply
into
the
private
lives
of
students”以及“affect
them
for
life”为同义表达。
5．G 设空后提到“去年哈佛大学也因为一些种族主义的问题批评了一些学生”，说明这不是哈佛大学第一次处理类似的事情。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2019·云南省玉溪一中高三第二次调研考试)假定你是新华中学的学生李华，你们学校将要挑选一批学生赴美国交流学习。你认为这是一次很好的机会，能更多了解发达国家和发展中国家这个概念，希望能够获得这次机会。请写一封自荐信，包括以下要点：
1．个人的主要情况；
2．申请交流原因。
注意：1.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．词数不少于80；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
I
am
writing
to
seek
the
opportunity
to
go
to
America.
I
am
really
interested
in
learning
English
and
let
me
say
something
about
myself.
I'm
an
excellent
student,
among
the
top
5
in
my
class.
I'm
crazy
about
English,
especially
spoken
English.
In
my
spare
time,
I
read
a
lot,
and
poems
are
my
favorite.
I
enjoy
music
very
much,
too.
Being
a
young
person,
I
like
sports
and
outdoor
activities.
Besides,
I'm
easy
to
get
along
with
and
I
like
to
make
friends.
I
hope
the
journey
abroad
can
help
improve
my
English
and
that
I
can
learn
some
foreign
cultures.
Your
kind
consideration
will
be
highly
appreciated.
I'm
looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours
sincerely，
Li
Hua
[写作思路指导]
Ⅴ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
(2020·山东省实验中学东校高三英语阶段性测试)I
encountered
God
the
summer
I
was
five.
My
father
had
finally
grown
too
sick
to
get
out
of
bed,
so
the
heat
and
nervous
tension
in
the
air
inside
the
house
made
it
impossible
to
breathe.
I
would
escape
by
squeezing
under
the
front
porch.
All
manner
of
creatures
lived
there,
but
I
mostly
ignored
them,
with
one
exception—a
little
frog
who,
every
time
I
crawled
(爬行)
under
the
porch,
stared
at
me
with
great,
golden
eyes.
In
late
June,
the
frog
finally
hopped
(跳跃)
toward
my
arm
and
stared
at
me,
demanding
eye
contact.
Once
he
had
my
attention,
he
opened
his
wide
mouth
and
said,
“Hello,
Sophie.”
I
should
have
been
shocked,
but
for
some
reason,
I
wasn't.
Perhaps
at
five
years
old,
I
was
more
receptive
to
something
against
the
laws
of
nature.
At
any
rate,
I
was
not
shocked
that
a
frog
could
speak.
I
had
a
more
pressing
question.
“How
do
you
know
my
name？”
The
frog
blinked
slowly.
“I
know
everything.
I
am
God.”
I
spoke,
“You
can't
be
God.
You're
too
small.”
He
extended
a
long,
webbed
finger
and
was
pointing
to
the
edge
of
the
porch's
shadow—to
the
spot
where
my
mother
had
tried
to
grow
flowers
there
for
years.
She
had
stopped
trying
when
my
father's
condition
worsened.
“Look
there，”
commanded
the
frog,
and
I
stared
as
a
beautiful
white
flower
blossomed
as
if
stretching
its
limbs
after
a
long
sleep.
In
my
five
years,
I
had
never
seen
anything
so
splendid.
God
and
I
became
good
friends
that
summer.
I
spent
every
day
under
the
porch,
talking
to
him.
Sometimes
I
asked
God
questions.
Sometimes
he
answered.
Once,
I
asked
him
where
Heaven
was.
“Heaven，”
he
said,
“is
where
I
live.”
In
August,
my
father's
illness
had
progressed
to
the
point
that
I
was
sent
to
my
aunt's
house
in
Virginia.
I
told
God
I
would
be
back
soon,
and
then
waited
in
Virginia
for
my
father
to
get
better.
Six
months
later,
I
came
back
home
for
my
father's
funeral.
Suddenly,
an
idea
crossed
my
mind
that
my
father
might
travel
to
Heaven.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。在作者五岁时的一个夏天，因为父亲病重，作者有了一段遇到“上帝”的奇遇。六个月后作者回到家中参加父亲的葬礼，又会发生什么呢？
[精彩范文]
Six
months
later,
I
came
back
home
for
my
father's
funeral.
Death
is
very
confusing
for
a
child.
I
didn't
understand
what
it
meant
to
die;
all
I
knew
was
that
my
father
had
been
lying
in
his
bed
and
receiving
medical
treatment
for
his
illness
when
I
left,
and
now
when
I
came
back,
he
was
nowhere
to
be
found.
He
must
be
hiding
somewhere,
I
was
sure;
people
couldn't
just
disappear,
especially
without
saying
good－bye.
Though
my
mother
told
me
he
had
“passed
on”，
I
thought
she
meant
he'd
traveled
to
another
town.
Suddenly,
an
idea
crossed
my
mind
that
my
father
might
travel
to
Heaven.
I
knew
exactly
how
to
find
my
father.
I
ran
to
the
front
porch.
However,
I
had
grown
during
those
six
months
in
Virginia,
and
I
could
no
longer
squeeze
into
the
porch's
shadows.
I
sat
in
front
of
the
porch
all
afternoon,
calling
for
someone
to
answer
me.
No
voice
came.
No
father
returned
from
the
dead.
No
frog
jumped
out
of
its
hiding
spot.
I
was
too
big
to
talk
to
God,
so
I
started
to
cry.
PAGEModule
3
The
Violence
of
Nature
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)The
Environmental
Film
Festival
has
become
one
of
the
world's
grandest
supporters
of
the
environmental
film.
To
offer
fresh
views
on
global
environmental
issues,
this
year's
festival
will
include
a
record
of
190
films
from
50
countries,
including
110
premieres
(首映).
Here
are
just
a
few
of
the
highlights.
1．Hot
Water
Featured
among
the
festival's
opening
night
films
is
the
highly
expected
Hot
Water,
a
look
at
the
depressing,
destructive
effects
of
uranium
(铀)
mining
in
the
American
West.
Former
US
Rep.
Dennis
Kucinich,
who
ran
for
president
in
2004
and
2008,
is
featured
in
the
film,
along
with
filmmakers
Elizabeth
Kucinich
and
Lizabeth
Rogers.
Directed
by
Kevin
Flint
and
Rogers.
2．To
the
Wonder
To
the
Wonder
is
the
latest
film
by
well－known
American
Director
Terrence
Malick.
The
film,
an
exploration
of
love
set
against
the
power
of
nature,
stars
Ben
Affleck,
Olga
Kurylenko,
Rachel
McAdams
and
Javier
Bardem.
The
film
premiered
in
competition
at
the
2012
Venice
Film
Festival,
and
is
making
its
Washington,
D．C.
premiere
during
the
festival.
3．Revolution
This
Washington,
D．C.
premiere
presents
the
Canadian
filmmaker
and
environmental
activist,
Rob
Stewart's
new
work,
Revolution—an
urging
appeal
to
today's
youth
to
change
the
planet
before
it's
too
late.
The
award－winning
documentary
takes
Stewart
through
15
countries
over
four
years,
in
an
effort
to
find
the
secret
to
saving
the
ecosystems
we
rely
on
for
survival.
4．The
Fifth
Season
Beautiful
and
mysterious,
Jessica
Woodworth's
latest
feature,
The
Fifth
Season,
is
a
poetic
meditation
(沉思)
on
nature
in
an
battle
against
humans.
The
dramatic
narrative
takes
place
in
Belgium's
secret
Ardennes,
where
the
locals
rely
on
the
land,
but
nature
takes
a
turn
and
seems
to
go
on
mysterious
strike.
In
French
and
Flemish
with
English
subtitles.
Directed
and
produced
by
Woodworth
and
Peter
Brosens.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。环境电影节已经成为世界上有关环境的电影的最大支持者之一。本文介绍了环境电影节上的四部热门电影。
1．Revolution
is
intended
to
________.
A．help
Rob
Stewart
to
be
an
activist
B．change
the
young
generation
C．appeal
to
the
young
to
save
the
earth
D．take
Stewart
through
15
countries
答案：C 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Revolution定位到原文第三个电影介绍，根据该段中的“Revolution—an
urging
appeal
to
today's
youth
to
change
the
planet
before
it's
too
late”可知，这部电影旨在呼吁年轻人保护地球，故选C。
2．Which
film
will
you
go
to
see
if
you
are
a
poem
lover?
A．Hot
Water.
B．To
the
Wonder.
C．Revolution.
D．The
Fifth
Season.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词a
poem
lover定位到原文第四个电影介绍中的“The
Fifth
Season,
is
a
poetic
meditation
(沉思)
on
nature
in
a
battle
against
humans”，由此可知，如果你是一个诗歌爱好者，你可以去看The
Fifth
Season。
3．What
do
we
know
about
the
four
films?
A．They
tell
something
new
about
environmental
problems.
B．The
environmental
film
has
become
the
grandest
film.
C．They
are
all
about
humans'
negative
effects
on
the
ecosystem.
D．They
will
be
firstly
shown
at
this
year's
festival.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“To
offer
fresh
views
on
global
environmental
issues,
this
year's
festival
will
include
a
record
of
190
films
from
50
countries”可知，这四部电影提供了关于环境问题的新的视角，故选A。
【词汇积累】 ①destructive
adj.
破坏的；毁灭性的 ②run
for
竞选 ③activist
n.
积极分子；活跃分子 ④mysterious
adj.
神秘的；不易解释的 ⑤dramatic
adj.
戏剧性的；戏剧般的
【难句分析】 原文：Featured
among
the
festival's
opening
night
films
is
the
highly
expected
Hot
Water,
a
look
at
the
depressing,
destructive
effects
of
uranium
(铀)
mining
in
the
American
West.
在电影节开幕之夜的电影中，备受期待的Hot
Water是一大亮点，它讲述了美国西部铀矿开采所带来的压抑和破坏性影响。(第二段第一句)
分析：本句为完全倒装句。句中a
look
at
the
depressing,
destructive
effects
of
uranium
(铀)
mining
in
the
American
West作Hot
Water的同位语，进一步解释说明该电影的内容。
B
(2020·山东师大附中高三第一次模拟考试)Emoji
might
not
be
your
first
choice
of
communication
in
a
disaster,
but
researchers
feel
they
could
make
a
difference
during
emergencies,
where
every
second
counts.
Now,
the
Emoji?quake
campaign
is
lobbying
for
an
earthquake
emoji
to
be
accepted
into
the
Unicode—the
standard
group
of
icons
(图标)
available
on
digital
devices
worldwide.
The
campaign
aims
to
find
an
earthquake?appropriate
design
to
be
admitted
to
Unicode.
“Approximately
up
to
one
third
of
the
world's
population
are
exposed
to
earthquakes，”
explains
University
of
Southampton
seismologist
(地震学家)
Dr
Stephen
Hicks,
a
founder
of
the
campaign.
“So
we
really
want
to
be
able
to
communicate
to
all
of
those
regions,
all
of
those
different
languages,
and
an
emoji
is
an
amazing
way
of
doing
that.”
Unlike
many
other
weather
and
climate
related
events,
where
longer
warning
times
or
visible
signs
are
available,
earthquakes
move
incredibly
quickly
and
are
difficult
to
measure
while
they
are
still
occurring.
Populations
in
areas
like
Japan
and
Mexico
are
dependent
on
earthquake
early
warning
technology,
which
issues
an
alert
on
digital
devices
and
broadcast
media.
“You
may
have
seconds
to
get
under
a
table
or
to
protect
yourself，”
explains
Dr
Hicks.
“That
can
be
life
saving
in
many
cases.
Naturally
you
don't
want
too
much
wording
in
the
warning
message.”
Pictographs
(象形文字)
and
other
visuals
like
emoji
have
a
track
record
of
being
faster
and
easier
to
understand
than
written
information.
Dr
Sara
McBride,
a
communications
specialist,
who
is
also
part
of
the
campaign,
told
BBC
News,
“Emoji
can
cross
the
boundaries
of
written
languages,
helping
communicate
valuable
information
to
people
who
may
struggle
to
read
a
certain
language.”
The
potential
usefulness
of
emoji
in
emergencies
could
extend
well
beyond
earthquakes.
A
team
of
designers
also
came
up
with
emerji—an
entire
set
of
emoji
for
climate
and
environmental
events.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一场有助于挽救生命、以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。
4．What
was
the
aim
of
the
Emoji?quake
campaign?
A．To
add
an
earthquake
emoji
to
the
Unicode.
B．To
attract
people's
attention
to
earthquakes.
C．To
reduce
the
damages
by
earthquakes.
D．To
help
communicate
in
earthquakes.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Now,
the
Emoji?quake
campaign
is
lobbying
for
an
earthquake
emoji
to
be
accepted
into
the
Unicode
...
The
campaign
aims
to
find
an
earthquake?appropriate
design
to
be
admitted
to
Unicode.”可知，这项运动的目的是将地震表情符号添加至统一字符标准。故选A项。
5．What
can
we
infer
from
Dr
Sara
McBride's
words
about
emoji?
A．Visuals
like
emoji
can
convey
more
information.
B．Emoji
is
being
used
to
convey
valuable
information.
C．Emoji
can
cross
the
boundaries
of
written
languages.
D．Emoji
is
a
universal
language
in
human
communication.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据Dr
Sara
Mc
Bride的话可知，表情符号可以跨越书面语言的界限，帮助那些可能难以阅读某种语言的人传达有价值的信息。故选C项。
6．What
may
be
the
relationship
between
emoji
and
emerji?
A．Emerji
is
a
part
of
emoji.
B．Emoji
is
included
into
emerji.
C．They
are
two
independent
systems.
D．Emerji
is
for
events
beyond
earthquakes.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“A
team
of
designers
also
came
up
with
emerji—an
entire
set
of
emoji
for
climate
and
environmental
events.”可知，表情符号也包含在emerji中。故选B项。
7．Which
of
the
following
may
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．Could
an
emoji
save
our
life?
B．What
can
emoji
do
in
our
life?
C．How
is
emoji
changing
our
life?
D．Do
we
really
know
about
emoji?
答案：A 标题判断题。第一段说表情符号在灾难中会有作用，接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。地震学家Dr
Hicks为此做出了很多解释，想让人们相信表情符号能挽救生命。分析选项可知A项为最佳标题。故选A项。
【词汇积累】 ①emergency
n.
突发事件；紧急情况 ②count
v.
重要 ③campaign
n.
运动 ④measure
v.
测量；度量
【难句分析】 原文：Unlike
many
other
weather
and
climate
related
events,
where
longer
warning
times
or
visible
signs
are
available,
earthquakes
move
incredibly
quickly
and
are
difficult
to
measure
while
they
are
still
occurring.与其他许多与天气和气候相关的事件不同，在这些事件中，预警时间较长或有可见的迹象，地震移动速度快得令人难以置信，而且在地震仍在发生时，很难测量。(第三段第一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。主句为earthquakes
move
quickly
and
are
difficult
to
measure
...其中while引导时间状语从句；Unlike
...为介词短语作状语，其中where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰events。
C
(2020·安徽省全国示范高中名校联考)Eric
Davis
got
interested
in
firefighting
when
he
was
in
the
army.
And
while
much
of
his
job
today
is
related
to
EMS
(emergency
medical
services),
his
first
love
is
fighting
fires.
“I
enjoy
the
job
and
working
with
people.
I
enjoy
firefighting.”
he
says.
Davis
studied
in
a
firefighting
school
for
about
three
months
and
took
part
in
classroom
work,
physical
exercise,
and
hands－on
training
such
as
fighting
live
fires
in
buildings
filled
with
straw.
Davis
says
the
blindfold
(蒙眼的)
training
prepared
him
for
real
fires.
“By
the
time
we
get
to
a
fire,
if
it's
going
pretty
good,
the
whole
house
will
be
filled
with
smoke.
And
anytime
you
get
near
the
fire,
you
won't
be
able
to
see
at
all.
Zero
visibility
(能见性)
is
the
same
as
darkness.
The
blindfold
training
works.”
Davis
believes
his
most
important
duty
is
making
sure
he's
prepared
for
any
situation
he
might
come
across.
To
keep
physically
fit,
he
runs
several
times
a
week
and
works
out.
He
takes
classes
to
keep
up
his
skills
and
trains
regularly
by
fighting
practice
fires.
Sometimes
this
includes
cutting
holes
in
roofs,
which
helps
allow
smoke
to
pass
out
and
improves
visibility
for
firefighters
inside
the
building.
Firefighting
means
plenty
of
risks.
Besides,
Davis
says
“You
have
to
be
willing
to
help
any
person
you
come
across.”
If
someone
is
trapped,
Davis
or
another
firefighter
will
put
himself
at
risk
to
get
the
person
out.
Davis
says
he
is
not
afraid
when
he's
fighting
a
fire.
He
does
what's
needed.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了埃里克·戴维斯和他的消防工作。
8．What
is
David's
main
duty
at
present?
A．Providing
emergency
medical
care.
B．Fighting
fires
in
tall
buildings.
C．Giving
firefighters
training.
D．Saving
people
trapped
in
fires.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And
while
much
of
his
job
today
is
related
to
EMS
(emergency
medical
services)”可知，他现在主要的工作是提供急救服务。故选A项。
9．Where
did
David
learn
firefighting?
A．In
the
army.
B．In
the
hospital.
C．In
the
classroom.
D．In
a
professional
school.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Davis
studied
in
a
firefighting
school
for
about
three
months”可知，他是在消防学校专门学习过的。故选D项。
10．Why
were
learners
trained
blindfold?
A．To
experience
how
the
blind
feel.
B．To
protect
their
eyes
from
the
smoke.
C．To
recreate
a
real
fire
situation.
D．To
prepare
for
firefighting
at
night.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the
blindfold
(蒙眼的)
training
prepared
him
for
real
fires”和“anytime
you
get
near
the
fire,
you
won't
be
able
to
see
at
all”可知，学员们进行蒙眼训练是为了模仿真实的火灾现场救援。故选C项。
11．What
can
we
infer
about
Davis?
A．He
was
once
an
army
man.
B．He
tries
his
best
to
be
a
good
firefighter.
C．He
helps
improve
the
working
conditions.
D．He
is
worried
about
the
safety
of
firefighters.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“To
keep
physically
fit,
he
runs
several
times
a
week
and
works
out.
He
takes
classes
to
keep
up
his
skills
and
trains
regularly
by
fighting
practice
fires.”可知，
Davis积极锻炼身体并不断提高自己的工作技能，这一切都是为了成为一名好的消防员。故选B项。
【词汇积累】 ①physical
adj.
肉体的；身体的 ②hands－on
adj.
亲身实践的；亲自动手的 ③plenty
of
大量；许多
④trap
v.
使落入险境；使陷入困境
【难句分析】 原文：Sometimes
this
includes
cutting
holes
in
roofs,
which
helps
allow
smoke
to
pass
out
and
improves
visibility
for
firefighters
inside
the
building.有时，这包括在屋顶上凿洞，这有助于让烟雾散发出去，并提高建筑物内消防员的可见度。(倒数第二段最后一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020·黄冈市高三质量检测)Honeybee
populations
in
the
United
States
__1__
(decrease)
dramatically
over
the
decades.
And
a
new
study
suggests
that
a
certain
kind
of
pesticide
could
be
making
things
__2__
(bad)．
The
number
of
honeybees
hasn't
changed
much
over
the
past
few
years,
but
the
overall
picture
doesn't
look
good
for
an
insect
that
plays
__3__
important
role
in
our
food
supply.
Scientists
don't
know
for
sure
__4__
this
is
happening.
Pesticides
and
parasites
(寄生虫)
are
the
most
suspected
reasons,
and
a
study
recently
published
in
the
scientific
journal.
One
suggests
that
neonicotinolds
(烟碱类农药),
types
of
pesticides
that
__5__
(use)
around
the
world,
are
incredibly
poisonous
to
honeybees
and
other
insects.
Part
of
the
reason
for
that
is
because
these
pesticides
appear
__6__
(stick)
around
in
the
environment
and
stay
dangerous
for
longer
periods
of
time.
Though
they're
deadly
to
insects,
neonicotinolds
are
not
considered
dangerous
to
humans.
An
ongoing
challenge
__7__
farmers
is
finding
ways
to
keep
other
insects
away
while
still
__8__
(protect)
bees.
Pesticides
may
not
discriminate
between
the
insects
they
kill,
though
neonicotinolds
maker
says
the
chemical's
risk
to
bees
is
lower
when
it's
used
properly.
The
US
Department
of
Agriculture
says
it's
__9__
(likely)
that
there's
one
magic
__10__
(solve)
to
the
problem,
but
there
are
a
number
of
organizations
trying
to
help
honeybees.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。几十年来，美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅度下降。一项新研究表明，某种杀虫剂可能令情况进一步恶化。
1．have
decreased/have
been
decreasing 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语over
the
decades可知，该句应用现在完成式或现在完成进行时；由该句主语Honeybee
populations可知，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也应用复数形式，故填have
decreased或have
been
decreasing。
2．worse 考查形容词的比较级。上文提到几十年来，美国蜜蜂的数量一直在大幅度减少，此处表示某种杀虫剂可能会使情况变得更糟，故填worse。
3．an 考查冠词。play
a
role
in
...
意为“在……中起作用”，role是可数名词，其定语important的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．why 考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作know的宾语；又根据语境可知，此处表示科学家不能确定这一情况发生的原因，设空处在从句中作原因状语，故填why。
5．are
used 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，关系代词that指代先行词types
of
pesticides，在从句中作主语，为复数形式，故谓语动词用复数形式；此处描述的为客观情况，应用一般现在时，且use与主语是被动关系，故此处应用被动语态，故填are
used。
6．to
stick 考查非谓语动词。appear
to
do
sth.是固定用法，意为“似乎做某事”。此处表示这些杀虫剂似乎会在环境中滞留。
7．for 考查介词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处表示对农民来说一项持续存在的挑战，故填for。
8．protecting 考查动名词。由空前的并列连词“while”可知，此处和“finding
ways
to
keep
other
insects
away”并列作宾语，故用protect的动名词形式protecting。
9．unlikely 考查词性转换。根据该句中的“but
there
are
a
number
of
organizations
trying
to
help
honeybees”可知，美国农业部表示，不太可能有一个神奇的解决方案，故填unlikely。
10．solution 考查词性转换。空前的magic是形容词，修饰名词，其前又有数词one，故此处应用名词单数形式solution。
PAGEModule
4
Sandstorms
in
Asia
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·安徽六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)Breathing
dirty
air
comes
at
a
high
price.
Air
pollution
lowers
the
average
life
spans
(寿命)
by
a
year
worldwide
and
in
more
polluted
parts
of
Asia
and
Africa,
dirty
air
shortens
lives
up
to
twice
that
much.
Scientists
shared
their
new
findings
in
Environmental
Science
&
Technology
Letters.
The
study
used
data
gathered
in
2016
as
part
of
a
project
known
as
the
Global
Burden
of
Disease
and
was
the
first
major
country?by?country
look
at
the
connection
between
the
length
of
life
and
what's
known
as
fine
PM.
Air
pollution
has
been
linked
to
many
health
problems.
Most
earlier
studies
had
looked
at
how
tiny
air
pollutants
affected
rates
of
illness
or
death.
Joshua
Apte
is
an
environmental
scientist
at
the
University
of
Texas
at
Austin.
By
looking
at
life
expectancy
(预期寿命),
his
team
had
hoped
to
make
the
threat
easier
to
understand.
PM2.5
is
what
scientists
call
tiny
particles
(颗粒)
of
pollution
in
the
air.
Higher
levels
of
PM2.5
can
cause
health
problems
and
cut
months,
if
not
years,
from
the
average
length
of
life.
This
analysis
shows
how
pollution
affects
life
expectancy
in
different
parts
of
the
world.
The
World
Health
Organization
(WHO)
recommends
limiting
PM2.5
to
10
micrograms
per
cubic
meter
of
air.
Apte's
group
calculated
how
holding
pollution
to
this
low
level
would
help
people.
In
countries
with
very
dirty
air,
meeting
this
standard
would
lengthen
people's
lives.
However,
in
countries
whose
air
already
meets
this
standard,
the
study
shows
no
gain
in
life
expectancy.
In
other
words,
meeting
the
WHO
standard
won't
reduce
health
costs
resulting
from
dirty
air
because
even
below
10
micrograms
per
cubic
meter,
pollution
still
causes
serious
risks.
Meanwhile,
the
scientists
compared
how
other
threats
including
smoking
and
cancer
shorten
the
length
of
life
across
the
globe.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新发现，同时，该研究分析了不同国家居民的寿命与PM之间的关系。
1．What
is
special
about
the
study?
A．It
won
recognition
from
a
professional
journal.
B．It
discussed
health
problems
caused
by
air
pollution.
C．It
gathered
lots
of
data
for
the
Global
Burden
of
Disease.
D．It
analyzed
the
link
between
life
spans
and
PM
by
country.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The
study
used
data
gathered
in
2016
as
part
of
a
project
known
as
the
Global
Burden
of
Disease
and
was
the
first
major
country?by?country
look
at
the
connection
between
the
length
of
life
and
what's
known
as
fine
PM.”可知，研究的特殊之处是该研究分析了不同国家居民的寿命与PM之间的关系。故选D。
2．What
is
Joshua
Apte's
team
trying
to
do?
A．Help
people
better
understand
air
pollution.
B．Study
life
expectancy
in
different
countries.
C．Know
how
small
air
pollutants
affect
health.
D．Deal
with
different
kinds
of
health
problems.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Joshua
Apte
is
an
environmental
scientist
at
the
University
of
Texas
at
Austin.
By
looking
at
life
expectancy
(预期寿命),
his
team
had
hoped
to
make
the
threat
easier
to
understand.”可知，通过观察预期寿命，他的团队希望能让这种威胁更容易理解，帮助人们更好地了解空气污染。故选A。
3．What
will
happen
if
a
country
limits
PM2.5
to
10
micrograms
per
cubic
meter
of
air?
A．People's
life
spans
will
surely
increase.
B．It
will
get
strong
support
from
the
WHO.
C．People's
health
may
not
be
much
improved.
D．It
will
guarantee
people
clean
air.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In
other
words,
meeting
the
WHO
standard
won't
reduce
health
costs
resulting
from
dirty
air
because
even
below
10
micrograms
per
cubic
meter,
pollution
still
causes
serious
risks.”可知，如果一个国家将PM2.5浓度限制在每立方米10微克，人们的健康状况可能不会有太大改善。故选C。
4．What
might
be
discussed
in
the
following
paragraphs?
A．How
cleaning
up
the
air
can
lengthen
lives.
B．How
air
pollution
shortens
lives
by
country.
C．How
other
threats
shorten
life
expectancy.
D．How
all
the
countries
deal
with
severe
pollution.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Meanwhile,
the
scientists
compared
how
other
threats
including
smoking
and
cancer
shorten
the
length
of
life
across
the
globe.”可推知，接下来要讨论的是“吸烟和癌症等其他威胁如何缩短预期寿命。”故选C。
【词汇积累】 ①pollutant
n.
污染物；污染物质 ②analysis
n.
分析，分析结果 ③calculate
v.
计算；核算 ④result
from
起因于；由……造成
【难句分析】 原文：In
other
words,
meeting
the
WHO
standard
won't
reduce
health
costs
resulting
from
dirty
air
because
even
below
10
micrograms
per
cubic
meter,
pollution
still
causes
serious
risks.
换句话说，达到世界卫生组织的标准并不能减少空气污染造成的健康成本，因为即使低于每立方米10微克，污染仍然会造成严重的风险。(最后一段倒数第二句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句，主句中meeting
the
WHO
standard为动名词短语作主语，resulting
from
dirty
air为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词health
costs。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Recently,
I
flew
to
Las
Vegas
to
attend
a
meeting.
As
we
were
about
to
arrive,
the
pilot
announced
that
there
would
be
a
slight
__1__
before
setting
down.
A
sandstorm
had
__2__
the
airport
to
close
all
but
one
running.
He
said
that
we
would
be
__3__
the
city
for
a
few
minutes,
waiting
to
__4__.
We
were
also
told
to
remain
in
our
seats
with
our
seat
belts
fastened,
because
there
might
be
a
few
bumps
(颠簸).
Well,
that
few
minutes
turned
into
about
forty?five
minutes,
including
a
ride
that
would
make
a
roller
coaster
(过山车)
__5__
by
comparison.
The
movement
was
so
fierce
that
several
passengers
felt
__6__
and
had
to
use
airsickness
bags.
As
you
might
guess,
that's
not
a
good
thing
to
experience
in
a(n)
__7__
space
because
it
only
__8__
to
increase
the
discomfort
of
the
situation.
About
twenty
minutes
into
the
adventure,
the
entire
airplane
became
very
__9__.
There
was
now
a
sense
of
anxiety
and
fear
that
could
be
__10__
noticed.
Every
passenger
simply
held
on
for
dear
life
...
except
one.
A
baby
was
having
a
good
time!
With
each
bump
of
the
__11__
he
would
let
out
a
giggle
(咯咯笑)
of
delight.
As
I
observed
this,
I
__12__
that
he
didn't
know
he
was
supposed
to
be
afraid
and
worried
about
his
safety.
He
neither
thought
about
the
past
nor
about
the
future.
Those
are
what
we
grown?ups
have
learned
from
__13__.
He
was
enjoying
the
ride
because
he
had
not
yet
been
taught
to
fear
it.
Having
understood
this,
I
took
a
deep
breath
and
__14__
back
into
my
seat,
pretending
I
was
__15__
on
a
roller
coaster.
I
smiled
for
the
rest
of
the
flight.
I
even
managed
to
giggle
once.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了作者的一次经历。一次因开会去拉斯维加斯时，飞机因沙尘暴而延时降落，在不断延长的等待和飞机剧烈的颠簸中，成年人焦急、害怕，唯独不知恐惧的婴儿却在享受着过山车一样的颠簸。因此作者也深受启发，体验了一次孩子的享受。
1．A.mistake
B．delay
C．change
D．wind
答案：B 根据后文中的“sandstorm”可知因沙尘暴的缘故只剩下一条跑道让飞机降落，由此推断飞机应为延时降落，故答案选B。
2．A.forced
B．warned
C．swept
D．reminded
答案：A 根据上下文可知由于沙漠的大风机场不得不关闭了所有的飞机跑道，只剩下其中一个，force
sb.
to
do
sth.
“强迫某人做某事”，其他选项均不符合语境，故答案选A。
3．A.watching
B．visiting
C．circling
D．crossing
答案：C 由情理推断飞机在等待降落的过程中应该是绕城市上空盘旋。故答案选C。
4．A.arrive
B．enter
C．stop
D．land
答案：D 根据上文可知由于飞机跑道的关闭，作者乘坐的飞机必须在空中等待降落。故答案选D。
5．A.light
B．pale
C．dark
D．quick
答案：B 固定短语make
sb.
pale
by
comparison
“使……相形见绌”，此处用以强调飞机在空中极不稳定，比过山车还要惊险，故答案选B。
6．A.sick
B．nervous
C．angry
D．afraid
答案：A 根据后面的“use
airsickness
bags”可知几名乘客在猛烈的颠簸下感到恶心，难受，所以答案选A。句意：像过山车一样的巨烈颠簸使旅客恶心而不得不用呕吐袋。
7．A.empty
B．narrow
C．secret
D．open
答案：B 空前的that指的是use
airsickness
bags，也就是发生在飞机上狭小空间中的呕吐，因此选用narrow“狭窄的”，后面的space指的是座位处的空间。故答案选B。
8．A.serves
B．aims
C．fails
D．happens
答案：A 根据上下文可知在晕机的情形下本来就很难受，在飞机上呕吐使得这种难受更加强烈，此处serve意为“起……作用，用作……”，故答案选A。
9．A.quiet
B．hot
C．dirty
D．crowded
答案：A 根据下文对情形的描述“There
was
now
a
sense
of
anxiety
and
fear”可以推测当时人们都很紧张、焦虑，在这种情形下飞机上的人一定是静悄悄的，故答案选A。
10．A.partly
B．gradually
C．shortly
D．clearly
答案：D 由上下文的讲述可以推测在当时的情形下人们的焦躁不安，应该是能够很明显地被感觉到，而且“Every
passenger
simply
held
on
for
...
except
one.”也是重要提示，故答案选D。
11．A.seats
B．passengers
C．flight
D．airplane
答案：D 从上文可知作者主要讲述飞机在降落期间的颠簸让人们产生了焦躁感，由此推测应是飞机的每一次颠簸让孩子体验坐过山车一样的感受，因此孩子发出咯咯的笑声，故答案选D。
12．A.realized
B．hoped
C．agreed
D．insisted
答案：A 根据语境可知看到孩子的这种表现作者意识到在这种状况下孩子不知道他应该害怕和担心，其他选项不符合语境，故答案选A。
13．A.teachers
B．books
C．experience
D．theories
答案：C 由情理可知成年人都是从孩子时代过来的，他们亲身经历过不知道什么是害怕和担心的时期，故答案选C。
14．A.sat
B．lay
C．went
D．rode
答案：A sat
back
into
my
seat意为“坐回到座位上”，其他选项不合语境，故答案选A。
15．A.nearly
B．finally
C．really
D．suddenly
答案：C 由下文可知作者从孩子的表现意识到了对害怕的无畏无惧会让人享受每一刻，由此推测他在座位上坐好，假装真的坐上了过山车，准备和孩子一样也去享受坐过山车的快乐，其他选项均不合语境。故答案选C。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2020·湖北省宜昌市部分示范高中教学协作体高三试题)It's
very
common
these
days
for
people
to
take
some
sort
of
regular
exercise
each
week.
But
if
you've
never
done
it
before,
what's
the
best
way
to
go
about
it?
__1__
He
or
she
will
create
a
personalized
plan
for
you
based
on
your
aims.
However,
each
hourly
session
can
be
steep
considering
you
have
to
pay
both
the
personal
trainer
and
membership
of
the
gym,
too.
So
what's
left?
Well,
if
you
have
the
courage
to
do
it,
you
can
make
your
own
plan.
It's
relatively
easy
to
do
if
you
have
the
know－how.
__2__
First,
keep
your
fitness
goal
in
mind.
Are
you
looking
to
slim
down
or
increase
your
abilities?
Whatever
it
is,
make
sure
the
things
you
choose
to
do
are
achieving
that
goal.
Next,
do
your
research.
__3__
Watch
as
many
of
these
as
possible,
but
make
sure
to
be
a
little
critical
of
them—everyone
has
a
different
physique
and
what
works
for
one
may
not
work
for
another.
Finally,
keep
your
feet
on
the
ground.
__4__
It
takes
at
least
three
months
to
see
any
realistic
body
changes.
And
don't
be
overzealous
(过度热衷的)—never
work
in
pain—a
good
workout
is
difficult
and
challenging,
but
never
painful.
Pain
means
you
are
damaging
yourself.
If
nothing
else,
focus
on
calisthenics
(健身操).
__5__
Do
as
many
of
one
exercise
as
you
can
without
stopping,
and
then
try
and
repeat
that
number
twice
more—make
sure
you
sweat,
and
don't
forget
to
rest
for
a
minute
in
between
each
activity!
A．Be
patient
with
yourself
and
set
realistic
goals.
B．But
before
you
do,
here
are
some
basic
pointers.
C．Well,
many
people
make
use
of
a
personal
trainer.
D．They
just
don't
want
to
design
their
own
workout
plan.
E．These
days,
social
media
is
full
of
fitness
videos
and
advice.
F．Find
a
way
to
make
each
exercise
more
difficult
as
you
get
in
shape.
G．These
are
the
basic
body
movements
which
everyone
can
do
anywhere.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了关于健身的三个步骤：设定一个健身目标；寻找适合自己的健身方案；脚踏实地，坚持训练。最后，作者建议可以尝试健美操。
1．C 根据下文“He
or
she
will
create
a
personalized
plan
for
you
based
on
your
aims.
(他/她会根据你的目标为你制定个性化的计划。)”可推知，私人教练会根据你的目标为你制定个性化的计划。故选C。
2．B 结合下文“First,
keep
your
fitness
goal
in
mind.
(首先，脑海中有一个健身目标。)”和“Next,
do
your
research.
(接下来，做调查。)”以及“Finally,
keep
your
feet
on
the
ground.
(最后，要脚踏实地。)”可知，是在说明一些步骤，故B项(但是在你做之前，这里有一些基本的建议)符合语境。
3．E 根据下文“Watch
as
many
of
these
as
possible,
but
make
sure
to
be
a
little
critical
of
them—everyone
has
a
different
physique
and
what
works
for
one
may
not
work
for
another.
(尽可能多看一些视频，但要以批判的眼光看待他们——每个人体型不同，适合这个人的不一定适合另一个人。)”可知E项(如今，社交媒体上充斥着健身视频和建议)引起下文，符合语境。
4．A 根据下文“It
takes
at
least
three
months
to
see
any
realistic
body
changes.
(至少要三个月才能看到切实的身体变化。)”可知，因为需要的时间很长，因此对自己要有耐心，并制定现实的目标。故选A。
5．G 根据上文“If
nothing
else,
focus
on
calisthenics.(如果手头没有什么事情，那就专注于健美操。)”下文接着解释说明：健身操是每个人可以随时随地习练的基本身体动作。故选G。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2020·甘肃省天水一中第一学期第一次考试)目前，每个城市每天都产生大量垃圾，垃圾分类刻不容缓。请根据下列提示，写一篇治理垃圾的倡议书。
1．严峻形势：每天产生大量垃圾，已成为令每个城市头疼的问题。
2．垃圾分类的意义：减少垃圾量和垃圾对环境的污染；回收资源，有利于环境保护。
3．呼吁：政府应采取有效措施，在公共场所放置不同垃圾箱供市民投放不同的垃圾。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类
rubbish
classification
[精彩范文]
A
lot
of
rubbish
is
produced
every
day,
such
as
leftover
food,
waste
paper,
plastic
bottles
and
batteries.
It
has
become
a
big
headache
in
every
city.
How
to
solve
this
problem?
I
think
rubbish
classification
is
a
good
way
of
dealing
with
it.
Firstly,
rubbish
classification
can
reduce
the
amount
of
rubbish
and
the
rubbish
pollution
to
the
environment.
What
is
more,
it
can
recycle
resources,
which
will
do
good
to
our
environmental
protection.
Since
rubbish
classification
has
so
many
advantages,
our
government
should
take
effective
measures
and
immediate
actions
to
promote
it.
Seperate
bins
should
be
placed
in
public
places
so
that
residents
can
leave
their
sorted
rubbish
into
them.
[写作思路指导]
Ⅴ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
With
global
warming
and
melting
ice,
it
isn't
easy
being
a
polar
bear
anymore.
Some
studies
have
predicted
that
polar
bears
could
die
out
by
the
end
of
the
century.
The
good
news
is
not
all
researchers
think
the
bears
are
absolutely
disappearing.
Scientists
at
the
American
Museum
of
Natural
History
(AMNH)
have
published
a
new
paper
indicating
that
things
might
not
be
as
bad
for
polar
bears
as
some
scientists
expect.
To
understand
the
reason
for
the
researchers'
cautious
optimism,
we
must
first
understand
the
factors
that
are
threatening
the
polar
bear's
existence.
Polar
bears
consume
a
diet
of
mainly
young
seals.
In
order
to
hunt
these
seals,
polar
bears
need
to
rest
at
the
top
of
sea
ice—the
same
ice
that
is
increasingly
melting
for
most
of
the
year
thanks
to
climate
change.
In
another
50
years,
experts
expect
that
the
Arctic
will
be
too
warm
for
sea
ice
to
form
for
half
of
the
year,
leaving
polar
bears
without
a
reliable
food
source
and
in
serious
danger
of
starvation.
As
it
turns
out,
alternative
food
sources
for
the
polar
bears
aren't
completely
out
of
the
question.
For
as
long
as
biologists
have
tailed
after
the
animals,
they've
seen
polar
bears
eating
animals
found
on
land
like
caribou
(驯鹿)
and
snow
geese—as
well
as
the
snow
geese's
eggs.
Can
polar
bears
actually
survive
off
these
alternative
food
sources
for
long
periods
of
time?
To
figure
this
out,
researchers
calculated
the
nutrients
that
a
caribou
and
snow
geese
diet
would
provide.
They
found
that
even
adult
male
polar
bears
would
be
able
to
obtain
more
calories
than
they
would
burn
in
hunting
these
meals.
Moreover,
the
food
would
provide
the
food
necessary
to
avoid
starvation
during
the
summer
months.
Unfortunately,
not
all
polar
bears
have
tended
to
seek
food
on
land.
That
said,
the
researchers
expect
that
necessity
would
push
more
polar
bears
to
hunt
on
land
to
avoid
starvation.
They
also
expect
that
the
bears
could
learn
from
their
fellow
bears
how
to
hunt
on
land
until
the
practice
becomes
second
nature.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。随着全球变暖，冰层融化，北极熊会不会灭亡呢？本文给出了不同看法。
[精彩范文]
With
global
warming
and
melting
ice,
some
scientists
think
that
polar
bears
could
die
out
by
the
end
of
the
century.
(要点1)
However,
other
scientists
don't
think
so.
(要点2)
They
find
polar
bears
have
found
alternative
food
sources
and
they
can
survive
by
hunting
animals
on
land
instead
of
young
seals.
(要点3)
The
researchers
expect
all
polar
bears
learn
how
to
hunt
on
land
to
avoid
starvation.
(要点4)
PAGEModule
5
Great
People
and
Great
Inventions
of
Ancient
China
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2019·吉林省长春外国语学校月考)When
it
comes
to
the
greatest
inventions
of
the
world,
China's
name
is
sure
to
be
mentioned
several
times.
There
are
hundreds
of
things
which
were
invented
by
the
Chinese.
Alcohol
Shocked?
I
was
because
when
they
said
alcohol
I
thought
about
either
the
US
or
the
UK.
China
had
never
crossed
my
mind.
In
China,
alcohol
was
made
by
two
legendary
persons
named
Yi
Di
and
Du
Kang
who
belonged
to
the
Xia
Dynasty.
This
period
was
about
2000
BC1600
BC.Research
says
that
in
ancient
China,
beer
with
4%
alcoholic
content
was
widely
consumed
by
people.
Tea
China
is
the
proud
inventor
of
tea
which
was
first
drunk
by
Shen
Nong,
a
Chinese
emperor
around
2737
BC.Tea
production
was
rapidly
developed,
making
tea
a
popular
drink
during
the
Tang
and
Song
Dynasties.
The
Mechanical
Clock
Have
you
ever
wondered
what
on
earth
we
would
be
doing
without
any
idea
of
time?
A
clock
really
is
an
invention
without
which
things
were
incomplete.
The
credit
of
making
the
first
mechanical
clock
goes
to
ancient
China.
The
first
mechanical
clock
was
invented
by
Yi
Xing
in
the
Tang
Dynasty.
This
was
during
618
and
907.
Silk
Fabric
Silk,
the
favorite
fabric
of
many
girls
out
there,
is
also
a
Chinese
invention.
Although
we
all
know
that
silk
is
made
by
silkworms,
it
was
Chinese
people
who
first
invented
a
way
to
harvest
the
silk
and
then
use
it
to
make
clothes.
The
oldest
silk
which
has
been
found
so
far
is
in
Henan
Province
and
dates
back
to
3630
BC.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种中国的发明：酒、茶、机械钟以及丝绸。
1．We
can
learn
from
Paragraph
2
that
________.
A．people
in
the
US
like
alcohol
B．beer
was
popular
in
the
Xia
Dynasty
C．Yi
Di
and
Du
Kang
invented
alcohol
by
accident
D．the
author
didn't
know
alcohol
is
a
Chinese
invention
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Shocked?
I
was
because
when
they
said
alcohol
I
thought
about
either
the
US
or
the
UK.”(震惊吗？我震惊，因为当他们说到酒的时候，我想到的不是美国就是英国。)可推测，作者并不知道酒是一项中国发明。故选D。
2．The
author
asks
the
question
in
Paragraph
4
to
show
________.
A．ancient
Chinese
inventors
were
wiser
B．many
things
in
our
lives
are
incomplete
C．ancient
Chinese
people
never
wasted
time
D．the
invention
of
the
mechanical
clock
is
important
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“A
clock
really
is
an
invention
without
which
things
were
incomplete.”(时钟确实是一项没有它一切都会不完整的发明。)可知，第四段第一句提出的问题是为了说明机械钟发明的重要性。故选D。
3．Which
of
the
following
invention
has
a
longer
history?
A．Tea.
B．Alcohol.
C．Silk
fabric.
D．The
mechanical
clock.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知：酒大约是公元前2000年到公元前1600年发明的；茶叶大约在公元前2737年；机械钟表是在618年和907年；丝绸可追溯到公元前3630年。综上可知，丝绸的历史更久远，故选C。
【词汇积累】 ①legendary
n.
传说的，传奇的 ②content
n.
内容 ③wonder
v.
想知道 ④date
back
to
追溯到
【难句分析】 原文：Although
we
all
know
that
silk
is
made
by
silkworms,
it
was
Chinese
people
who
first
invented
a
way
to
harvest
the
silk
and
then
use
it
to
make
clothes.
虽然我们都知道丝绸是由蚕吐出的，但中国人首先发明了一种获取丝绸然后用来做衣服的方法。(最后一段第二句)
分析：本句是主从复合句。
Although引导转折让步状语从句，从句中含有know的宾语从句，
主句为it
was
...
who的强调句型。
B
(2020·广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
(TCM)
needs
to
prove
its
worth
through
rigorous
clinical
trials,
according
to
the
head
of
one
of
China's
largest
herbal
remedy
companies,
as
a
contentious
new
law
to
boost
the
$40bn
sector
comes
into
effect.
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
is
estimated
by
analysts
to
account
for
a
third
of
sales
in
China's
$117bn
pharmaceutical
(药学)
market,
the
world's
second
largest.
But
most
of
those
sales
are
of
relatively
cheap
over?the?counter
drugs,
with
many
Chinese
hospital
doctors
unwilling
to
prescribe
TCM
remedies
because
of
the
lack
of
evidence
for
their
effectiveness.
China's
first
law
promising
equal
status
for
TCM
and
western
medicine
in
the
country's
state?dominated
healthcare
system
comes
into
effect
this
weekend.
Provisions
include
encouragement
for
hospitals
to
set
up
TCM
centres,
and
a
licensing
system
for
practitioners
(从业者).
“This
law
is
very
important
for
securing
the
status
of
TCM，”
said
Wu
Yiling,
chairman
of
Yiling
Pharmaceutical,
a
company
that
makes
herbal
remedies
based
on
traditional
recipes
in
the
northern
province
of
Hebei.
Listed
in
Shenzhen,
Wu
Yiling
has
a
market
capitalization
of
RMB
20.7bn
($3bn).
Mr
Wu,
the
son
of
a
herbal
practitioner,
controls
a
family
fortune
of
$1.6bn,
according
to
the
Hurun
Rich
List.
Mr
Wu
is
both
a
supporter
of
the
nature
of
Qi—the
mystical
energy
force
that
provides
the
basis
for
much
of
TCM
theory—and
the
clinical
trials
vital
to
western
pharmaceutical
companies.
“TCM
needs
to
develop
using
modern
research
methods，”
he
said.
For
instance,
researchers
from
Peking
and
Cardiff
Universities
tested
the
health
benefits
of
Yiling's
herbal
medicine
Yangzheng
Xiaoji,
publishing
papers
in
the
International
Journal
of
Oncology
that
showed
the
drug
can
slow
the
growth
of
cancer
tumours.
“The
theory
and
recipe
is
TCM,
but
in
practice
the
evaluation
of
our
medicines
is
carried
out
according
to
western
evidence?based
methods，”
Mr
Wu
said.
Analysts
say
such
tests
can
help
gain
support
from
doubtful
hospital
doctors
and
boost
prescriptions.
“Doctors
need
strong
evidence
that
drugs
definitely
work，”
said
Serena
Shao,
healthcare
analyst
at
brokerage
CLSA.“Some
of
these
companies
are
currently
doing
clinical
trials,
and
getting
proof
that
their
drugs
have
the
same
efficacy
(功效)
as
chemical
drugs.
That's
the
way
to
go.”
she
added.
The
TCM
law
has
been
greeted
with
doubt
from
China's
western?schooled
medical
establishment,
which
points
to
a
lack
of
rigorous
training
for
TCM
doctors,
and
a
recent
series
of
shocking
events
involving
herbal
injections
believed
to
have
been
harmful.
“Officials
will
try
and
encourage
TCM,
but
also
will
be
very
cautious
about
what
kinds
of
TCM
they
use
in
hospitals，”
added
Ms
Shao.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。中国最大草药公司之一的负责人表示，随着一项有争议的新法律生效，传统中医?TCM?需要通过严格的临床试验证明其价值。
4．Why
does
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
need
to
prove
its
worth
through
rigorous
clinical
trials?
A．Because
Chinese
medicine
is
all
cheap
over?the?counter
drugs.
B．Because
Chinese
medicine
market
is
the
world's
second
largest
one.
C．Because
Chinese
government
wants
to
boost
the
law
of
Chinese
medicine.
D．Because
doctors
are
unwilling
to
prescribe
TCM
remedies
lacking
evidence
of
effectiveness.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But
most
of
those
sales
are
of
relatively
cheap
over?the?counter
drugs,
with
many
Chinese
hospital
doctors
unwilling
to
prescribe
TCM
remedies
(疗法)
because
of
the
lack
of
evidence
for
their
effectiveness.”可知，医生不愿意开中医疗法因为缺乏证据证明它们的有效性，所以中医需要通过严格的临床试验证明其价值。故选D。
5．Which
words
can
be
used
to
replace
the
underlined
word
“Provisions”
in
the
third
paragraph?
A．Articles
of
law.
B．Ways
of
supplying.
C．Methods
of
motivation.
D．Approaches
to
inspiring.
答案：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“include
encouragement
for
hospitals
to
set
up
TCM
centres,
and
a
licensing
system
for
practitioners
(从业者)．”可知，鼓励医院建立TCM中心，以及为从业者提供许可证制度，这些属于规定的具体内容，因此画线词指的是“法律条款”。故选A。
6．According
to
the
passage,
we
can
learn
that
Mr
Wu
Yiling
________.
A．is
a
herbal
practitioner,
controlling
a
family
fortune
B．has
a
company
in
Shenzhen
that
has
a
market
capitalization
of
$3bn
C．let
his
company
evaluate
herbal
medicines
with
western
evidence?based
methods
D．thinks
that
if
we
need
to
develop
TCM,
we
should
use
Chinese
traditional
research
methods
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The
theory
and
recipe
is
TCM,
but
in
practice
the
evaluation
of
our
medicines
is
carried
out
according
to
western
evidence?based
methods，”可知，武夷岭先生让他的公司用西方循证方法评估草药。故选C。
7．According
to
the
last
two
paragraphs,
we
infer
that
________.
A．western
doctors
deny
the
effectiveness
of
TCM
B．TCM
hasn't
been
recognized
in
the
western
medicine
C．there
is
a
lack
of
rigorous
training
for
TCM
doctors
D．a
recent
series
of
shocking
events
has
destroyed
Chinese
medicine
答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The
TCM
law
has
been
greeted
with
doubt
from
China's
western?schooled
medical
establishment,
which
points
to
a
lack
of
rigorous
training
for
TCM
doctors,
and
a
recent
series
of
shocking
events
involving
herbal
injections
believed
to
have
been
harmful.”可推知，中医在西方医学中尚未得到认可。故选B。
【词汇积累】 ①rigorous
adj.
谨慎的；细致的；严格的 ②boost
v.
使增长；使兴旺 ③come
into
effect
开始生效；开始实施 ④establishment
n.
机构；大型组织；企业
【难句分析】 原文：China's
first
law
promising
equal
status
for
TCM
and
western
medicine
in
the
country's
state－dominated
healthcare
system
comes
into
effect
this
weekend.中国首部承诺中西医在国家主导的医疗体系中享有平等地位的法律将于本周末生效。(第三段第一句)
分析：本句为简单句。句子主体为China's
first
law
comes
into
effect
this
weekend；promising
equal
status
for
TCM
and
western
medicine
in
the
country's
state－dominated
healthcare
system为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词law。
C
(2020·湖北省龙泉中学、宜昌一中高三联考)Mary
Anning
was
an
English
fossil
collector,
dealer
and
paleontologist
(古生物学家).
Her
fossil－hunting
helped
change
the
way
people
thought
about
the
world.
Mary
was
born
into
a
poor
family
in
England
on
May
21,
1799.
She
lived
in
the
seaside
town
of
Lyme
Regis,
in
Dorset.
The
family
had
nine
children.
Only
Mary
and
her
brother
Joseph
grew
up.
Mary's
father
took
his
children
along
the
beach.
They
picked
up
shells
and
stones
to
sell
to
visitors.
Mary
did
not
go
to
school
much.
Her
family
was
too
poor.
And
schools
did
not
teach
children
about
fossils.
Mary
could
read
and
write.
She
taught
herself.
She
learned
about
rocks
and
how
bodies
are
made.
In
1811
when
Mary
and
Joseph
were
fossil
hunting,
Joseph
saw
a
bone
sticking
out
of
the
rock.
Mary
had
a
hammer
to
chip
away
at
the
rock.
Very
carefully
she
uncovered
it.
She
found
the
first
complete
fossil
of
the
ichthyosaur
(鱼龙)．
Since
then,
Mary
became
crazy
about
fossil
hunting.
She
liked
to
hunt
on
the
beach
after
a
storm.
The
wind,
rain
and
waves
made
the
rocks
crumble.
It
was
easy
to
spot
fossils.
Most
days
Mary
went
fossil
hunting
with
her
dog,
Tray.
Rich
friends
helped
Mary
by
selling
fossils
for
her.
They
sent
her
money.
Scientists
wrote
letters
and
came
to
see
her.
One
good
friend
was
William
Buckland,
a
professor
at
Oxford
University.
Mary
also
opened
a
shop
to
sell
fossils,
stones
and
shells.
She
chatted
with
visitors.
Mary
Anning
died
in
1847.
How
evolution
(进化)
works
was
explained
by
Charles
Darwin
not
long
after
Mary
died.
Her
fossils
had
helped
scientists
understand
how
things
began.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽·安宁的故事。
8．Why
did
Mary's
father
take
his
children
along
the
beach?
A．To
enjoy
life.
B．To
make
a
living.
C．To
look
for
fossils.
D．To
teach
them
about
fossils.
答案：B 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Mary
was
born
into
a
poor
family
in
England
on
May
21,
1799.”
“Mary's
father
took
his
children
along
the
beach.
They
picked
up
shells
and
stones
to
sell
to
visitors.”可知，1799年5月21日，玛丽出生于英国一个贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故选B项。
9．What
can
we
learn
about
Mary?
A．Her
father
was
a
paleontologist.
B．Her
father
educated
her
at
home.
C．She
had
nine
brothers
and
sisters
in
all.
D．She
might
be
popular
at
that
time.
答案：D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“
Scientists
wrote
letters
and
came
to
see
her.”
“Mary
also
opened
a
shop
to
sell
fossils,
stones
and
shells.
She
chatted
with
visitors.”可知，科学家写信并来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。所以通过关键词“
Scientists
wrote
letters
and
came
to
see
her.”
“She
chatted
with
visitors.”可以判断出，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选D项。
10．Who
was
the
first
one
to
catch
sight
of
the
rock
containing
the
first
complete
ichthyosaur
fossil?
A．Charles
Darwin.
B．Mary's
dog.
C．Mary.
D．Joseph.
答案：D 细节理解题。由第三段中的“In
1811
when
Mary
and
Joseph
were
fossil
hunting,
Joseph
saw
a
bone
sticking
out
of
the
rock.”可知，1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选D项。
11．What
does
the
underlined
word
“crumble”
in
the
fourth
paragraph
means?
A．Break.
B．Shake.
C．Float.
D．Dive.
答案：A 词义猜测题。由第四段中的“She
liked
to
hunt
on
the
beach
after
a
storm.
The
wind,
rain
and
waves
made
the
rocks
crumble.
It
was
easy
to
spot
fossils.”可知，暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂，很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划线的“crumble”是break“破裂”的意思。故选A项。
【词汇积累】 ①fossil
n.
化石 ②dealer
n.
交易商；贸易商 ③hammer
n.
锤子；榔头 ④complete
adj.
完全的，彻底的
【难句分析】 原文：In
1811
when
Mary
and
Joseph
were
fossil
hunting,
Joseph
saw
a
bone
sticking
out
of
the
rock.1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一块骨头从岩石中伸出来。(第三段第一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020·四川省成都市高三毕业班摸底测试)Students
at
a
primary
school
in
Hangzhou
had
their
first
class
__1__
March
1st
on
movable
type.
This
is
__2__
ancient
Chinese
printing
system.
The
West
Lake
Primary
School
in
Zhejiang
Province
has
introduced
the
course
in
the
new
term.
An
expert
in
Chinese
characters
culture
has
been
invited
to
the
campus，__3__
major
responsibility
is
to
teach
students
how
__4__
(use)
the
ancient
printing
technology.
Students
attend
lectures
on
the
history
of
movable
type
along
with
__5__
(interest)
classes
on
typesetting
and
printing.
They
then
print
their
own
document,
__6__
(apply)
the
knowledge
they've
learned.
One
student
printed
her
__7__
(new)
written
essay
“Whether
the
traditional
red
envelopes
kids
receive
belong
to
them
or
their
parents？”
__8__
(know)
as
one
of
the
four
great
inventions
of
ancient
China,
movable
type
printing
__9__
(invent)
by
Bi
Sheng
in
the
1040s
during
the
Song
Dynasty,
and
it
is
the
world's
first
system
of
movable
type
printing.
The
school
said
the
course
is
aimed
at
improving
the
students'
awareness
of
Chinese
characters
and
their
__10__
(appreciate)
of
Chinese
culture.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9.________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了提高学生对汉字的认识和对中国文化的欣赏，浙江省的一所小学开设了一门有关中国印刷文化的课程。
1．on 考查介词。表示具体某一天要用介词on，故填
on。
2．an 考查冠词。句意：这是一个古老的中国印刷系统。system为可数名词，此处泛指“一个系统”，所以用不定冠词修饰。ancient的发音为元音音素开头，故填an。
3．whose 考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导定语从句，先行词An
expert
in
Chinese
characters
culture指人，引导词在从句中作定语，故用whose引导该定语从句，故填whose。
4．to
use 考查非谓语动词。句意：一位中国汉字文化专家被邀请到校园，其主要职责是教学生如何使用古老的印刷技术。分析可知，how加空格处作teach的宾语，所以用“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语，故填to
use。
5．interesting 考查形容词。空格处修饰名词classes要用形容词，表示“有趣的”，故填interesting。
6．applying 考查非谓语动词。print为句子的谓语动词，所以apply用非谓语形式，apply与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，要用其现在分词形式，故填applying。
7．newly 考查词性转换。空格处修饰形容词written，应该用所给词的副词形式，故填newly。
8．known 考查非谓语动词。invent为谓语动词，所以know用非谓语形式，know与其逻辑主语movable
type
printing之间是主动关系，所以用其过去分词形式作状语，故填Known。
9．was
invented 考查动词的语态和时态。invent是句子的谓语，和主语movable
type
printing是被动关系，根据时间状语in
the
1040s
during
the
Song
Dynasty可知，动作发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时。movable
type
printing为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故填was
invented。
10．appreciation 考查词性转换。their后要接名词，故填appreciation。
PAGEModule
6
Old
and
New
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·深圳高级中学(集团)高三第一学期第一次测试)We
love
the
sea.
We
swim
into
it,
live
near
it,
build
beside
it,
and
even
imagine
about
living
under
the
sea.
But
we're
terrified
of
it,
too.
For
much
of
our
history,
we
have
turned
to
“hard
engineering”
to
control
the
marine
(海洋)
environment
and
manage
its
influence
on
us.
We
build
dams,
sea
walls
and
channels.
But
all
these
efforts
seem
to
fail.
The
sea
has
a
habit
of
taking
back
its
own.
And
we
suffer.
Johnston,
a
marine
ecologist,
is
advocating
for
“blue
engineering”—the
marine
version
of
the
“green
engineering”
movement
on
land
that
has
seen
nations
like
Singapore
building
the
walls
and
roofs
of
the
concrete
jungle
with
plant
life.
We
are
expanding
further
into
the
marine
environment.
This
practice
does
harm
to
marine
ecosystems.
We're
loving
the
sea
to
death,
but
we've
not
been
thinking
about
design
of
structures
(建筑物)
with
respect
to
ecology.
Some
coastal
structures
create
shade,
which
reduces
the
growth
of
seaweed.
Bright
lights
at
night
contuse
species
such
as
turtles.
That's
why
blue
engineering
comes
in.
Throughout
the
world
people
are
starting
to
turn
things
around.
Researchers
with
the
World
Harbour
Project
are
creating
tiles
(瓦片)
similar
to
the
natural
structures
found
on
rocky
shores
with
3D
printing
technology.
These
make
more
attractive
homes
for
marine
creatures.
Researchers
are
also
actively
seeding
these
tiles
with
local
seaweeds
and
creatures
such
as
the
Sydney
rock
oyster,
which
is
particularly
good
at
improving
water
quality.
Twelve
harbours
around
the
world
are
taking
part
in
this
marine
tile
experiment,
each
working
with
their
own
unique
marine
life.
It's
a
far
cry
from
the
days
when
huge
numbers
of
old
tyres
were
thrown
into
the
sea
to
build
“artificial
reef
(礁石)”.
Those
clumsy
early
attempts
are
now
costing
millions
to
remove,
showing
just
how
far
we
have
yet
to
go
in
understanding
how
best
to
co?habit
with
the
underwater
world.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了引进蓝色海洋工程的原因以及如何实施蓝色海洋工程。
1．What
do
we
know
about
“hard
engineering”？
A．It
has
improved
sea
environment.
B．It
can
control
the
influence
of
sea.
C．It
has
failed
to
achieve
its
purpose.
D．It
makes
living
under
sea
impossible.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We
build
dams,
sea
walls
and
channels.
But
all
these
efforts
seem
to
fail.
The
sea
has
a
habit
of
taking
back
its
own.
And
we
suffer.”可知，“hard
engineering”所有的努力似乎没有成功，也就是未能达到它的目的。故选C。
2．Para.
3
is
mainly
about
the
________
to
introduce
the
project
of
“blue
engineering”．
A．drawbacks
B．reasons
C．procedures
D．measures
答案：B 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“This
practice
does
harm
to
marine
ecosystems.”与“That's
why
blue
engineering
comes
in.”可知，本段主要讲了引进“蓝色工程”的原因。故选B。
3．Which
of
the
following
is
a
form
of
“blue
engineering”？
A．Constructing
buildings
with
plant
life.
B．Expanding
into
marine
environments.
C．Creating
an
artificial
reef
with
old
tyres.
D．Building
structures
benefiting
sea
creatures.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Researchers
with
the
World
Harbour
Project
are
creating
tiles
(瓦片)
similar
to
the
natural
structures
found
on
rocky
shores
with
3D
printing
technology.”可知，建造对海洋生物有益的结构是“蓝色工程”的一种形式。故选D。
4．What
is
the
writer's
feeling
towards
the
present
situation
of
marine
environment?
A．Relieved.
B．Doubtful.
C．Satisfied.
D．Disappointed.
答案：A 推理判断题。由最后一段可推知作者对海洋环境的现状持放心态度。relieved
“放心”；doubtful
“不确定的”；satisfied
“满意的”；disappointed
“失望的”。故选A。
【词汇积累】 ①advocate
v.
拥护；支持；提倡
②ecosystem
n.
生态系统 ③contuse
v.
挫伤 ④clumsy
adj.
难以移动的；难用的；设计欠佳的
【难句分析】 原文：It's
a
far
cry
from
the
days
when
huge
numbers
of
old
tyres
were
thrown
into
the
sea
to
build
“artificial
reef
(礁石)”.
这与过去为了建造“人工礁石”而把大量的旧轮胎扔进海里的日子已经大不相同了。(最后一段第一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词days；a
far
cry
from意为“与……有很大差别；完全不同”。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I
live
in
the
northern
suburb
of
San
Francisco,
where
driving
is
considered
the
main
transportation
choice
for
most
people.
I
still
remember
how
__1__
I
was
when
I
first
learned
to
drive
10
years
ago.
__2__
at
night,
with
music
calming
me
down,
I
was
filled
with
joy
and
__3__
in
a
foreign
land!
I
had
a
photo
taken
of
my
hugging
my
__4__
and
sent
it
to
my
family
in
China.
I
__5__
my
car!
Sometimes
she
was
my
only
__6__
in
lonely
nights.
__7__，
as
time
went
by,
that
excitement
wore
off,
and
I
__8__
driving.
So
I
joined
the
21?day
Mindful
Walking
Challenge
and
began
to
walk.
I
__9__
the
new
neighbor
next
door,
and
two
different
gardeners
on
different
days
and
listened
to
their
joy
in
gardening
after
a(n)
__10__
day—working
all
day
in
front
of
a
computer.
I
__11__
at
everyone
passing
by
me.
I
walked
to
the
streets
I
__12__
wouldn't
pass
through
if
I
drove
my
car,
and
__13__
a
tiny
free
library
on
the
sidewalk.
I
began
to
__14__
if
I
had
really
lived
in
this
town
all
these
years.
It's
a
completely
new
town
I
__15__
so
little
about!
I'm
grateful
for
the
21?day
Mindful
Walking
Challenge.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从原来的开车出门到步行出街，发现了生活中另一番景象。由此告诉我们：只有打破常规，才有发现乐趣的可能。
1．A.disappointed
B．calm
C．excited
D．shy
答案：C 根据下文中的“I
was
filled
with
joy”可知，作者10年前刚学会开车时应该是特别激动的(excited)。
2．A.Running
B．Traveling
C．Walking
D．Driving
答案：D 根据上文中的“when
I
first
learned
to
drive
10
years
ago”可知，此处描述的是10年前作者开车(driving)时的情景。
3．A.worry
B．independence
C．doubt
D．fear
答案：B 根据上文中的“I
was
filled
with
joy”以及下文中的“in
a
foreign
land”可知，作者在异国他乡一个人开着车，觉得很快乐，也很独立自由(independence)。
4．A.car
B．kid
C．house
D．neighbor
答案：A 联系上下文可知，此处是指他拍了一张拥抱着自己的车(car)的照片发给了在中国的家人。
5．A.fixed
B．improved
C．loved
D．missed
答案：C 根据上文作者抱着自己的车拍照发送给在中国的家人可知，作者很爱(love)自己的车。
6．A.partner
B．dream
C．plan
D．hope
答案：A 根据下文中的“in
lonely
nights”可知，此处指车是作者在异国他乡寂寞夜晚的唯一伙伴(partner)。
7．A.So
B．Yet
C．Therefore
D．Instead
答案：B 根据上文以及下文中的“that
excitement
wore
off”可知，之前作者刚学会开车时很兴奋，后来这种兴奋慢慢地减弱，所以此处是转折关系，用yet
“但是；然而”。
8．A.suggested
B．kept
C．enjoyed
D．hated
答案：D 根据上文中的“that
excitement
wore
off”以及下文中的“began
to
walk”可知，作者开始讨厌(hate)开车。
9．A.played
with
B．looked
for
C．depended
on
D．talked
to
答案：D 根据下文中的“listened
to
their
joy
in
gardening”可知，作者和新邻居以及两个园丁聊天。talk
to
sb.
“和某人交谈”。
10．A.special
B．tiring
C．interesting
D．important
答案：B 根据下文中的“working
all
day
in
front
of
a
computer”可知，作者一天都在电脑前面工作，所以这一天是令人疲劳的(tiring)一天。
11．A.laughed
B．smiled
C．pointed
D．shouted
答案：B 作者主动和邻居以及园丁聊天，说明作者的态度是友好的，所以这里指作者对每一个路过的人微笑(smile)。
12．A.partly
B．really
C．normally
D．lately
答案：C 根据下文中的“wouldn't
pass
through
if
I
drove
my
car”可知，作者开车的时候通常不经过这些街道。normally
“通常；正常情况下”。
13．A.discovered
B．examined
C．built
D．learnt
答案：A 根据上文可知，作者平常不经过这条路，所以现在步行之后才发现(discover)这家免费的小图书馆。
14．A.check
B．study
C．see
D．question
答案：D 根据下文中的“if
I
had
really
lived
in
this
town
all
these
years”可知，在开车时不常去的地方有了新的发现之后，作者意识到自己对这个小镇的了解很少，开始怀疑(question)自己是否真的在这个小镇生活过。
15．A.hear
B．know
C．talk
D．think
答案：B 根据上文中的“It's
a
completely
new
town”可推断，作者对小镇了解(know)很少。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2020·吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)The
history
of
writing
instruments,
with
which
humans
have
recorded
and
conveyed
thoughts
and
feelings,
is
the
history
of
civilization
itself.
This
is
how
we
know
about
our
ancestors
and
their
life.
The
handy
sharpened?stone
was
adapted
into
the
first
writing
instrument.
Around
24000
BC,
the
cave
man
started
drawing
pictures
with
the
stone
onto
the
walls
of
his
cave.
__1__
Walls
at
the
Apollo
site
in
Namibia
are
believed
to
be
the
oldest
rock
paintings
to
date.
Before
paper
came
along,
people
used
clay
or
wax
tablets
on
which
they
wrote
with
sharp
objects
such
as
metal
sticks
or
bones.
Around
6,000
years
ago,
the
Egyptians
invented
the
first
paperlike
material
called
papyrus.
The
word
“paper”
actually
comes
from
the
word
“papyrus”．
__2__
Bones
or
metal
sticks
were
no
longer
useful
as
the
papyrus
could
not
be
scratched.
So
the
Egyptians
created
a
reed?pen
perfect
for
the
papyrus.
__3__
And
thus,
ancient
Egyptians
transformed
bamboo
stems
(茎)
into
an
early
form
of
a
fountain
pen.
Another
writing
instrument
that
remained
active
in
history
for
a
long
period
was
the
quill
(鹅毛)
pen.
Introduced
around
700
AD,
the
quill
was
a
pen
made
from
a
bird
feather.
Goose
feathers
were
most
common.
__4__
For
making
fine
line
drawings,
crow
feathers
were
the
best.
When
writers
had
better
inks
and
paper
and
handwriting
had
developed
into
both
an
art
form
and
an
everyday
occurrence,
man's
inventive
nature
once
again
turned
to
improving
the
writing
instrument.
__5__
A．Now
something
was
needed
to
write
upon
the
papyrus.
B．The
papyrus
became
the
most
popular
material
at
that
time.
C．Swan
feathers
were
of
a
high
quality,
being
rare
and
most
expensive.
D．Bamboo
stems
were
better
and
much
more
expensive
than
goose
feathers.
E．This
led
to
the
development
of
the
modem
fountain
pen
in
the
19th
century.
F．These
were
mostly
the
stems
of
grasses,
especially
from
the
bamboo
plant.
G．These
drawings
showed
events
in
daily
life
like
the
planting
of
crops
or
hunting
victories.
1．G 上文提示“大约公元前24000年，穴居人开始用石头在洞穴的墙上画画。”再根据下文提示“纳米比亚阿波罗遗址的墙壁被认为是迄今为止最古老的岩画。”因此，G项“These
drawings
showed
events
in
daily
life
like
the
planting
of
crops
or
hunting
victories.”(这些图画展示了日常生活中的事件，如种植庄稼或打猎的胜利。)承上起下，切题。故选G。
2．A 下文提示“由于纸莎草纸不能被刮伤，骨头或金属棒不再有用。”因此，A项“Now
something
was
needed
to
write
upon
the
papyrus.”(现在需要能在纸莎草纸上书写的工具。)引起下文，切题。故选A。
3．F 上文提示“因此，埃及人创造了一种芦苇笔，完美地用于纸莎草纸。”因此，F项“These
were
mostly
the
stems
of
grasses,
especially
from
the
bamboo
plant.”(这些主要是草的茎，尤其是竹子的茎。)承接上文，切题。故选F。
4．C 上文提示“最常见的是鹅毛。”因此，C项“Swan
feathers
were
of
a
high
quality,
being
rare
and
most
expensive.”(天鹅羽毛质量很好，既稀有又昂贵。)承接上文，切题。故选C。
5．E 上文提示“当作家们有了更好的墨水和纸张，并且书法已经发展成为一种艺术形式和日常生活的一部分时，人类的创造性再一次转向改进书写工具。”因此，E项“This
led
to
the
development
of
the
modem
fountain
pen
in
the
19th
century.”(这导致了现代钢笔在19世纪的发展。)承接上文，切题。故选E。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
(2020·安徽省合肥市八校高三第一次联考)假设你是李华，你作为交换生正在英国学习，你所在城市博物馆正在展出来自中国的文物(relics)，因而需要招聘懂一定中国文化的志愿者作为讲解员，你需要写一封信给博物馆申请做一名讲解员。要点如下：
1．写信目的；
2．个人能力优势；
3．能做的事情。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
My
name
is
Li
Hua.
Yours，
Li
Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear
Sir
or
Madam，
My
name
is
Li
Hua.
As
an
exchange
student
from
China,
I
am
studying
in
a
local
school.
I
am
really
delighted
to
learn
that
a
guide
for
your
Chinese
cultural
relics
exhibition
is
required
and
I'm
confident
that
I
am
truly
fit
for
the
position.
To
start
with,
my
advantage
first
lies
in
the
fact
that
I
am
from
China
and
used
to
be
a
volunteer
in
Shanghai
Museum
and
quite
familiar
with
Chinese
relics.
Furthermore,
being
an
outgoing
and
optimistic
boy,
I
am
good
at
communicating
with
others
and
introducing
Chinese
culture
to
the
world
is
always
my
honor
and
my
pleasure.
Finally,
there
is
no
problem
with
my
spoken
English,
as
I
have
lived
here
for
almost
a
year
and
I
have
no
difficulty
communicating
with
others
in
English.
I
would
really
appreciate
it
if
you
can
offer
me
the
chance
to
be
a
volunteer
in
your
museum.
I
am
looking
forward
to
your
early
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
[写作思路指导]
Ⅴ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Is
It
Safe
to
Stand
in
Front
of
Microwave
Ovens?
Microwave
ovens
have
been
a
kitchen
staple
for
decades,
allowing
you
to
cook
everything
from
frozen
vegetables
to
packaged
meals
in
minutes.
But
while
you
zap
your
food,
you
may
wonder
how
close
you
can
safely
stand
next
to
a
microwave,
and
whether
any
radiation
could
escape
from
the
device
and
potentially
harm
you.
Do
you
really
need
to
worry
about
this?
The
short
answer
is,
not
really.
Injuries
from
microwave
radiation
are
very
rare,
according
to
the
US
Food
and
Drug
Administration.
However,
there
are
certain
precautions
you
can
take
to
keep
yourself
safe
when
using
a
microwave
oven.
Even
though
microwaves
don't
pose
the
same
health
risks
as
X－rays,
that
doesn't
mean
they
are
risk－free.
Microwaves
heat
food
by
causing
water
molecules
to
vibrate,
which
produces
heat.
In
theory,
microwaves
can
heat
body
tissues
in
the
same
way
they
heat
food,
and
at
high
levels,
microwaves
can
cause
burns
and
cataracts,
according
to
the
FDA.
But
these
types
of
injuries
are
very
rare
and
have
generally
occurred
when
people
are
exposed
to
large
amounts
of
radiation
leaking
through
openings
in
the
oven,
such
as
gaps
in
the
seal,
the
FDA
says.
Still,
the
agency
recommends
that
you
check
your
microwave
oven
carefully
and
do
not
use
it
if
the
door
doesn't
close
properly,
or
if
it
is
“bent,
warped,
or
otherwise
damaged.”
As
an
added
precaution,
the
FDA
recommends
that
you
don't
lean
or
stand
directly
against
a
microwave
oven
for
long
periods
while
it's
operating.
As
far
as
injuries
from
microwave
ovens
go,
the
most
common
way
people
are
injured
is
via
heat?related
burns
from
touching
hot
containers
or
overheated
foods,
or
being
exposed
to
exploding
liquids.
The
FDA
recommends
that
people
use
common－sense
precautions
when
handling
hot
foods
and
beverages
cooked
in
microwave
ovens.
The
agency
also
warns
that,
when
you
use
a
microwave
to
heat
water
in
a
cup,
there's
a
risk
of
the
water
becoming
“superheated，”
This
can
lead
to
skin
burns
or
scalding
injuries,
particularly
on
the
face
and
hands.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。据美国食品和药物管理局称，微波辐射造成的伤害微乎其微。但是，我们在使用微波炉烧热水时要如何注意呢？
[精彩范文]
The
agency
also
warns
that,
when
you
use
a
microwave
to
heat
water
in
a
cup,
there's
a
risk
of
the
water
becoming
“superheated，”
which
means
it
has
heated
past
its
boiling
point.
When
this
happens,
the
water
does
not
appear
to
be
boiling,
but
just
a
slight
disturbance
to
the
water,
which
can
occur
when
touching
or
picking
up
the
cup,
can
cause
an
eruption
of
boiling
water.
Microwave
oven
can
be
dangerous,
let
alone
the
microwave
radiation.
This
can
lead
to
skin
burns
or
scalding
injuries,
particularly
on
the
face
and
hands.
To
prevent
superheated
water
from
forming,
the
FDA
says
people
should
not
exceed
the
recommended
heating
time
for
water,
as
indicated
in
the
oven's
instruction
manual.
Indeed,
it's
generally
a
good
idea
to
read
and
follow
your
microwave
oven's
instruction
manual
to
help
keep
yourself
safe
when
using
it.
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