(共41张PPT)
Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth!
Period(Three)
Section
A(grammar
focus-4c)
版本:人教版九年级全册
Objectives
To
review
the
use
of
The
Present
progressive,
Passive
voice,
Present
perfect
and
Modal
verbs.
Revision
不同种类的污染
2.
河底
3.
把垃圾扔到河里
4.
在……中起作用
different
kinds
of
pollution
the
bottom
of
the
river
throw
rubbish
into
the
river
play
a
part
in
I.
Check
if
you
know
these
phrases.
5.
在中国南部
6.
对……有害
7.
在……顶部
8.
海洋生态系统
in
southern
China
be
harmful
to
at
the
top
of…
the
ocean’s
ecosystem
Grammar
Focus
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth.
Present
progressive
The
river
used
to
be
so
clean.
used
to
The
air
is
badly
polluted.
Passive
voice
No
scientific
studies
have
shown
that
shark
fins
are
good
for
health.
Present
perfect
We
should
help
save
the
sharks.
Modal
verbs
They
are
playing
basketball.
Nancy
is
working
on
a
new
book
about
stories
in
schools.
Why
are
you
always
coming
late
for
class?
正在发生
目前一段时间内正在进行
含说话者的强烈情感
现在进行时
现在进行时:
Present
progressive
结构:
be
(am/is/are)
+
v.-ing
标志词：Look,
Listen,
now,
right
now…
e.g.
Look!
The
boy
is
crying.
定义：表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作,
也表
示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作。或说
话者的强烈情感。
used
to
do
sth.
表示过去常常做某事,
而现在往
往不做了,
后接动词原形。
1)
其否定形式为“didn’t
use
to
do
sth.”或
“usedn’t
to
do
sth.”;
2)
一般疑问形式为“Used
sb.
to
do
sth.?”或
“Did
sb.
use
to
do
sth.?”;
3)
附加疑问句式为“usedn’t
sb.”或“didn’t
sb.”。
used
to
do与be
used
to
doing
be
used
to
doing
sth.
表示习惯于做某事
be
used
to后面接动词原形时,
表示“被用来做
某事”。其中to是不定式符号。
e.g.
I’m
used
to
walking
to
school
now.
我现在习惯步行去学校。
The
computer
is
used
to
store
information.
这台电脑被用来储存信息。
Translation.
1.
她过去常和朋友周末闲逛。
She
used
to
hang
out
with
friends
on
weekends.
2.
他习惯晚睡。
He
is
used
to
staying
up.
My
grandfather
built
this
house
in
1930.
This
house
was
built
(by
my
grandfather)
in
1930.
Passive
voice
be
+
V-ed
主
谓
宾
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态：Passive
voice
定义：表示主语是动作的承受者，即行
为动作的对象的一种语态。
结构：be
+
过去分词
e.g.
A
new
school
was
built
last
year.
Our
classroom
is
cleaned
every
day.
各种形式被动语态的结构(以动词do为例):
一般现在时:
am/is/are+done(动词的过去分词)
一般过去时:
was/were+done
现在进行时:
am/is/are+being+done
过去进行时:
was/were+being+done
一般将来时:
will/shall/be
going
to+be+done
现在完成时:
has/have
+
been+done
过去完成时:
had+been+done
含有情态动词:
can/may/must...+be+done
1.
某些感官动词加形容词及少数其他的动词与一些副词连用表示被动意义smell,
taste,
prove,
sell。
e.g.
The
dish
tastes
delicious.
The
theory
proved
right
at
last.
The
book
is
so
interesting
that
it
sells
well.
The
pen
writes
well.
主动形式表被动意义
2.
want/need/require
doing相当于want/need/require
to
be
done。
e.g.
My
car
needs
repairing.
(=
to
be
repaired).
3.
be
worth
doing用主动形式表被动意义。
e.g.
This
book
is
worth
reading.
这本书值得读一读。
Lily,
clean
your
teeth
please.
Mum,
I
have
already
cleaned
them.
future
present
past
cleaned
teeth
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，并对现在有影响。
结构:
has/have
+
过去分词
标志词:
for+时间段,
since+时间点,
lately,
recently,
just,
already,
yet,
up
to
now,
till
now,
so
far,
these
days,
in
the
past
few
years/months/weeks/days,
over
the
past
few
years,
during
the
last
three
months,
for
the
last
few
centuries
定义：表示动作已经完成,
但对现在造成影响;
或者表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能持续下去的动作。
现在完成时:
Present
perfect
区分have/has
gone
to,
have/has
been
to和have/has
been
in
have/has
been
to表示“去过某地”,
说话时已从该地回来;
have/has
gone
to表示去了某地,
或在去该地的途中,
现在还不曾回来,
说话时不在说话地点;
have/has
been
in表示“已在某地(待了多久)”,
常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
e.g.
Jim
has
gone
to
London
with
his
family.
The
Greens
have
been
in
China
for
two
years.
Have
you
been
to
Beijing
before?
情态动词
用来表示能力、应该、请求等,
后接动词原形。
1.
情态动词本身有一定的词义,
表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气,
但不能单独作谓语,
只能与其他动词构成谓语。
常见的有:
can
(could),
may
(might),
must,
need,
shall
(should),
will
(would)等。
情态动词
2.
情态动词无人称和数的变化,
后接动词原形。否定式是在情态动词后面加not。个别情态动词有过去式形式,
可用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气。
e.g.
Ken
can
climb
up
the
tress
like
a
koala.
Tracy
could
ride
a
bicycle
when
she
was
five
years
old.
You
mustn’t
play
with
fire.
It
is
dangerous.
情态动词的常见用法
We
can
do
it
by
ourselves.
It
must
be
Tom’s.
Look
at
his
name
on
the
cover.
3.
May
I
see
your
ID
card,
sir?
4.
Should
we
finish
our
homework
before
noon?
表能力
表推测
表请求、许可
表应该
4a
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
brackets.
Joe:
______
you
ever
______
(take)
part
in
an
environmental
project?
Ken:
Yes,
I
have.
I
_______
(help)
with
a
Clean-Up
Day
last
year.
It
was
__________
(consider)
the
biggest
clean-up
project
this
city
____
ever
____(have).
Joe:
How
many
people
_____
(take)
part?
Have
taken
helped
considered
Ken:
I
_____
(think)
more
than
1,000
people
_____
(come)
to
help
out.
Joe:
That’s
fantastic!
I
guess
everyone
in
this
city
is
_______
(try)
to
improve
the
environment.
Ken:
Yes,
we
can’t
afford
to
_____
(wait)
any
longer
to
take
action!
think
came
trying
wait
Language
points
take
part
in意为“参加”。
例句：你参加过任何活动吗？
Did
you
take
part
in
any
activity?
【辨析】take
part
in
,
join与
join
in
take
part
in
join
join
in
指参加某项活动（比赛）并在活动中起一定的作用。
指参加某党派、团体或参军等，并且成为其中的一员。
指参加某项活动，但多指正在进行的活动。
4b
can
would
could
have
to
should
must
may/might
People
__________
think
that
big
things
_______________
be
done
to
save
the
earth.
Many
forget
that
saving
the
earth
begins
with
small
things.
For
example,
you
______________
save
electricity
by
turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room.
You
_______________
also
use
reusable
bags
instead
of
plastic
bags.
may/might
must/have
to/should
can/could/should
can/could/should
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
appropriate
modal
verbs
from
the
box.
I
think
it’s
a
great
idea
that
you
now
______
pay
for
plastic
bags
in
some
stores.
And
instead
of
driving
to
school
or
work,
you
_______________
ride
your
bike
or
walk.
If
it’s
far,
you
_________
take
the
bus.
All
these
small
things
________
add
up
and
become
big
things
that
_________________
improve
the
environment.
Let’s
take
action
now!
have
to
can/could
can/could
would/can/could
can/could/should
Make
a
list
of
things
that
people
can
do
to
help
the
environment
and
discuss
your
list
with
your
partner.
4c
I
think
that
everyone
should
use
public
transportation.
I
disagree.
It’s
difficult
for
parents
with
young
children
to
use
public
transportation…
Discussion
Ways
people
can
do
to
help
the
environment.
recycle
books
and
paper
bring
a
bag
to
go
shopping
throw
rubbish
in
the
bin
Stop
killing
wild
animals
and
protect
them.
Language
points
1.
We
can’t
afford
to
wait
any
longer
to
take
action!
afford
v.
承担得起;买得起；提供,
给予
常与can,
be
able
to连用,
后面可接名词、代词、不定式等(多用于否定句或疑问句)。
afford
sth.
买得起/承受得起某物
afford
to
do
sth.
有能力做某事/负担得起做某事
e.g.
Can
you
afford
the
mobile
phone?
We
can’t
afford
to
pay
such
a
price.
afford
&
buy
afford侧重“有经济能力买”，而buy则侧重“购买(这一行为)”。
表示“我买不起……”可以说I
can’t
afford
...，但不能说I
can’t
buy
...。
2.
…save
electricity
by
turning
off
the
lights
when
you
leave
a
room.
turn
off
关掉
【翻译】
睡觉前请关掉电视。
Please
turn
the
television
off
before
you
go
to
bed.
turn
on
打开,
发动
turn
around
转身
turn
up
调高(音量)
turn
down
调低;
拒绝
turn
into
变成;
进入
turn
over
移交
【拓展】turn相关短语
3.
attend，join&
take
part
in
它们都可表示“参加”，区别如下：
◆attend是正式用语，侧重指参加会议、婚礼、典礼，去上课、上学、听报告等。
◆join侧重指加入某个党派、团体组织等，成为其成员之一；join
也可以表示和某人一起做某事，其结构为：join
sb.
in
(doing)
sth.。
◆take
part
in侧重指参加群众性活动等，着
重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中
发挥作用。
Exercise
Ⅰ.
适当形式填空
1.
When
Tom
___________
(ask)
why
he
was
late
for
school,
he
just
kept
silent.
2.
In
the
past
few
years,
great
changes
____________
(take)
place
in
our
town.
3.
Someone
___________
(knock)
at
the
door.
Can
you
open
it?
4.
Wow!
You
____________
(cook)
dinner!
Let’s
eat
now.
was
asked
have
taken
is
knocking
have
cooked
Ⅱ.
选词填空
used
to,
mustn’t,
can’t,
should,
1.
Children
_______
sit
in
the
front
seat
of
a
car.
It’s
too
dangerous.
2.
—Is
that
girl
Susan?
—It
_______
be
her.
She
has
gone
to
Beijing.
3.
My
father
_______
be
a
doctor,
but
now
he
works
as
a
teacher.
4.
—Many
people
play
with
mobile
phones
all
day
instead
of
reading
books.
—That’s
too
bad.
Everyone
_______
be
a
book
lover.
Reading
is
more
enjoyable.
mustn’t
can’t
used
to
should
Homework
Preview
the
new
words
and
expressions
in
Section
B.
谢谢
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Unit
13
We’re
trying
to
save
the
earth!
Section
A
(Grammar
focus-4c)练习
一.
用can，may，must，need或have
to的适当形式填空。
1.
You
____
return
the
book
to
the
library
on
time.
2.
I
____
find
the
way
to
the
hospital.
____
you
show
me
the
way?
3.
—____
I
finish
the
work
right
now?
—No,
you
____.
You
____
do
it
later.
4.
He
said
he
____
come
tonight.
5.
Her
mother
was
ill.
She
____
stay
at
home
and
look
after
her.
6.
It's
time
for
class.
You
____
stop
playing
football
or
you
____
be
late
for
class.
7.
The
cloud
is
lifting，so
it
____
be
a
rainy
day
tomorrow.
8.
The
desk
is
not
dirty.
You
____
clean
it.
9.
—What
is
your
mother
going
to
do
this
Saturday?
—I'm
not
sure.
She
____
go
to
see
my
grandmother.
10.
If
the
traffic
light
is
red，you
____
cross
the
road.
It's
dangerous.
二.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
We
don't
need
____
(work)
today.
2.
He
doesn't
dare
____
(break)
his
promise.
3.
Some
students
are
used
to
____
(ask)
their
parents
for
help
when
they
meet
trouble.
4.
There
used
____
(be)
a
quiet
village
here.
5.
You
will
be
used
to
____
(live)
in
the
countryside.
6.
All
of
us
know
that
cotton
can
be
used
____
(make)
cloth.
7.
You
used
____
(go)
to
school
by
bike，didn't
you?
三.
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.
这本书一定是汤姆的，他的名字在封面上。
This
book
____
____
Tom's.
His
name
is
on
the
cover.
2.
他可能被一个五岁的小男孩愚弄了吗？
____
____
____
true
that
he
was
fooled
by
a
five-year-old
boy?
3.
你的车需要维修了。
Your
car
____
____.
4.
这种小刀是用来切东西的。
This
kind
of
knife
____
____
____
____
things.
5.
我年轻的时候常常打篮球。
I
____
____
____
basketball
when
I
was
young.
6.
他过去常花很多时间玩电脑游戏吗？
____
____
____
____
____
much
time
playing
computer
games?
四、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示填
写单词。
1.
The
house
is
really
expensive.
I
can't
a_____
it.
2.
How
much
did
you
p_____
for
the
computer?
3.
Remember
to
turn
o_____
the
light
when
you
leave
the
room.
4.
What
do
you
think
of
the
t_____
(交通运输)
in
your
city?
5.
This
kind
of
material
is
r_____
(可重复使用的).
Don't
throw
it.
五、单项选择。
1.
—Why
don't
you
buy
the
computer?
—It's
too
expensive.
I
can't
________
it.
A.
afford
B.
sell
C.
borrow
D.
keep
2.
—Would
you
like
to
________
us
in
this
topic?
—Yes，I'd
like
to.
A.
join
B.
join
in
C.
take
part
in
D.
attend
3.
Our
government
has
to
do
something
________
our
environment.
A.
protect
B.
protected
C.
protecting
D.
to
protect
4.
Nobody
is
in
the
room.
Please
go
and
________
the
light.
A.
turn
on
B.
turn
off
C.
turn
down
D.
turn
up
5.
—How
much
is
the
ticket
to
Central
Park?
—A
one-way
ticket
________
$40，and
you
can
________
another
$20
for
a
round-trip.
A.
costs；pay
B.
cost；spend
C.
pay；spend
D.
spends；pay
六、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1.
我至今还没有得到她的回复。
I
have
had
no
reply
from
her
____
____．
2.
最后，在一年以后，他不能再等了。
At
last，after
a
year
he
could
____
wait
____
____．
3.
星期天我们常回到自己的工厂帮忙。
On
Sundays
we
used
to
go
back
to
____
____
in
our
factories.
4.
上周我们班三分之一的男生参加了跑步接力赛。
One
third
of
the
boys
in
my
class
____
____
____
the
running
relay
race
last
week.
5.
我们必须采取行动阻止他们
污染环境。
We
____
____
____
____
to
stop
them
from
polluting
the
environment.
参考答案：
一、1.
must
2.
can't;
Could;
3.
Must;
needn’t;
may/can
4.
couldn't
5.
had
to
6.
must;
may
7.
can't
8.
needn't
9.
may/might
10.
mustn't
二、1.
to
work
2.
to
break
3.
asking
4、to
be
5.
living
6.
to
make
7.
to
go
三、1.
must
be
2.
Can
it
be
4.
needs
repairing
4、is
used
to
cut
5、
used
to
play
6、Did
he
use
to
spend
四、1.afford
2.
Pay
3.
off
4.
transportation
5.
reusable
五、1-5AADBA
六、1.
so
far
2.
not;
any
longer
3.
help
out
4.
took
part
in
5.
have
to
take
action
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