中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
考点07
连词
连词专题训练
【从属连词专题训练】
(
)1.(2020·南宁)The
bell
rang
_____
the
teacher
was
explaining
the
experiment
to
the
students.
A.until
B.before
C.while
D.after
(
)2.(2020·濮阳)He’s
not
a
perfect
child.
He
sometimes
talks
back
____
his
parents
talk
with
him.
A.if
B.before
C.when
D.until
(
)3.(2020·太原)—Mrs
Li,will
you
be
angry
_____
your
students
don’t
obey
the
rules
in
class?
—A
little.But
I
will
stop
them
in
a
friendly
way.
A.if
B.unless
C.though
(
)4.(2020·黄石)The
students
can’t
go
home
____
they
finish
cleaning
the
classroom,for
it’s
their
duty.
A.when
B.since
C.if
D.until
(
)5.(2020·鄂州)—We
will
certainly
enter
a
good
high
school
_____
we
work
hard.
—Yes.Our
dream
will
come
true
by
working
hard.
A.as
soon
as
B.as
long
as
C.as
far
as
D.even
if
参考答案:
1—5CCADB
【并列连词专题训练】
【题组专练】
(
)1.(2020·济南)—Would
you
like
to
hang
out
with
me?
—I’d
love
to,_____
I
have
to
study
for
the
test.
A.and
B.so
C.but
D.or
(
)2.(2020·南宁)—Lucy,save
water,_____
we
will
have
no
water
to
drink
in
the
future.
—OK,you
are
quite
right.
A.or
B.and
C.so
(
)3.(2020·上海)—To
achieve
a
bright
future,we
should
_____
study
hard
_____
keep
in
good
health.
—I
agree
with
you.
A.not;but
B.not
only;but
also
C.neither;nor
D.either;or
(
)4.(2020·郑州)—How
do
you
like
the
two
pairs
of
shorts?
—They
don’t
fit
me
well.They
are
___
too
long
___
too
short.
A.not
only;but
also
B.both;and
C.neither;nor
D.either;or
(
)5.(2020·重庆)Practice
more,_____
you’ll
do
better
in
playing
chess.
A.but
B.and
C.when
D.after
参考答案:
1—5CABDB
【模拟训练】
(
)1.Michael
tried
his
best,____
he
caught
up
with
the
others
at
last.
A.but
B.or
C.and
D.because
(
)2.The
world’s
population
will
still
increase
_____
we
do
something
to
control
it.
A.or
B.unless
C.but
D.and
(
)3.—Li
Bin,please
turn
down
the
music,
____Mom
_____
Dad
are
reading
the
newspaper.
—Sorry,
I’ll
do
it
right
away.
A.neither;nor
B.either;or
C.both;and
D.not
only;but
also
(
)4.The
man
drank
a
big
bottle
of
water,
______
he
said
he
wasn’t
thirsty.
A.if
B.though
C.because
D.or
(
)5.Michael
was
playing
basketball
with
his
friends
____
his
brother
was
listening
to
music.
A.while
B.after
C.until
D.because
(
)6.—Will
you
play
basketball
against
Class
3
tomorrow?
—Yes.
______
it
rains.
A.If
B.Until
C.When
D.Unless
(
)7.—What
do
you
think
of
this
skirt?
—It’s
beautiful
and
it
fits
me
well,
______
I
like
it
very
much.
A.since
B.so
C.but
D.or
(
)8.More
than
five
million
people
have
visited
Disneyland
parks
around
the
world
_____
American
Disneyland
opened
in
July,
1955.
A.after
B.before
C.since
D.though
(
)9.Tom
rushed
into
the
house
_______
his
mother
was
cooking.
A.as
B.before
C.while
D.after
(
)10.—_____
the
soldiers
are
very
tired,
____they
keep
on
working.
—They
are
great.
We
must
learn
from
them.
A.Because;/
B.Though;/
C.Because;so
D.Though;but
(
)11.—Where
will
Tom
wait
for
her,at
home
______
at
the
library?
—At
the
library.
A.also
B.as
C.and
D.or
(
)12.—Did
you
give
the
comic
book
to
me?
—Yes.I
brought
it
to
you
_____
you
were
in
the
reading
room
yesterday.
A.when
B.if
C.because
D.before
(
)13.These
storybooks
for
children
are
awfully
written.
They
are
____
interesting
_____
exciting.
A.either;or
B.neither;nor
C.both;and
D.not
only;but
also
(
)14.—You
will
be
late
_____
you
don’t
hurry
up.
—Don’t
worry.I’ll
go
to
school
as
quickly
as
possible.
A.after
B.when
C.unless
D.if
(
)15.—What
did
Jim
say
in
the
letter?
—He
said
_______Paris
was
a
good
place.
A.that
B.when
C.how
D.if
(
)16.Just
work
hard,
_____your
dream
will
come
true.
A.but
B.and
C.or
D.for
(
)17.Newton
was
playing
under
an
apple
tree
_____
an
apple
fell
onto
his
head.
A.when
B.while
C.after
D.before
(
)18.
_____he
was
sleeping,a
thief
stole
his
clothes.
A.As
B.When
C.While
D.Which
(
)19.—What
do
you
think
of
the
movie?
—It
is
not
______
interesting
______
I
expected.
A.as;so
B
.so;as
C.so;that
D.so;than
(
)20.
_____you
do,
don’t
miss
this
exhibition,
for
it’s
so
hard
for
me
to
get
the
tickets.
A.Whatever
B.However
C.Whenever
D.Whether
(
)21.I’ll
leave
him
a
note
_______
he’ll
know
where
we
are.
A.so
that
B.as
C.since
D.for
(
)22.Do
you
know
______
or
not
they
will
come
to
the
party?
A.if
B.how
C.when
D.whether
(
)23.We
don’t
understand
the
passage,
______there
are
few
new
words
in
it.
A.though
B.if
C.because
D.until
(
)24.—Mom,shall
we
have
supper
now?
—Oh,we
won’t
have
it
____
your
dad
comes
back.
A.after
B.since
C.while
D.until
(
)25.He
didn’t
go
to
school
yesterday
______
he
was
ill.
A.because
B.because
of
C.if
D.so
二、用所给的连词填空
1.My
grandpa
learns
English
for
two
hours
every
day,
(although/since)he
is
over
70.
Really?
We
should
learn
from
him.
2.My
father
wants
me
to
be
a
doctor
(and/or)an
engineer,
(so/but)I
want
to
be
an
actor.
3.________(Both/Not
only)the
students
_______(but
also/and)their
English
teacher
likes
watching
football
games.
They
often
play
football
after
school
,too
4.Rick
has
learned
a
lot
about
Chinese
culture
(until/since)
he
came
to
China.
5.This
is
new
TV
set,____
(but/or)
I
don’t
like
it.
6.Mother
wants
to
spend
some
time
chatting
with
me
_____(
but/so)
she
is
very
busy
every
day.
7.My
parents
want
me
to
get
further
study
to
be
____(neither/either)an
engineer____(nor/or)
a
scientist,
____(and/but)
I
would
like
to
be
a
famous
surgeon
doctor.
8.--Mike,
please
turn
down
the
music;
___(both/neither)
Lucy
____
(nor/and)
Lily
are
sleeping.
--Sorry,
I'll
do
it
right
away.
9.---Would
you
like
to
go
to
the
cinema
with
us?
---It
sounds
like
fun,
______(or/but)I’m
too
busy.
10.--Why
do
you
like
going
to
Kunming
for
a
holiday?
---Because
the
weather
there
is
____(either/neither)too
hot
_____(or/nor)
too
cold.
三、词语运用
阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整,每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
1.
while
2
As.3.
when
4.
whatever
5.at
6.
until
7.
although
8.
with
9.
that
10.
than
They
were
surprised
that
a
child
should
work
out
the
problem
___1___they
themselves
couldn’t.
___2___
the
smallest
kid
of
his
family,
Alex
is
always
longing
for
the
occasion
___3___
he
should
be
able
to
be
independent.
Child
as
he
is,
he
learns
many
thins
from
the
books
.
It
is
generally
considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
___4___
he
or
she
wants.
His
father
was
very
strict
with
him
when
he
was
___5___
school?
He
had
never
praised
him___6___
he
became
one
of
the
top
students
in
his
grade.
Mr.
Hall
understand
that
___7___
math
has
always
been
easy
for
him,
it
is
not
easy
for
the
students.
Maybe
you
have
a
habit
that
is
driving
your
family
crazy
.
It’s
not
easy
to
change
habits,
but
___8___
awareness
and
self
control,
it
is
possible.
Those
are
the
very
words
___9___
he
used.
Alex
plays
football
as
well
as,
if
not
better
___10___
Mike.
I
think
what
he
needs
is
more
practice.
Yes.
That
he
needs
more
practice
is
clear.
参考答案:
一、1—5CBCBA
6—10DBCCB11—15DABDA
16—20BACBA
21—25ADADA
二、1.
although;
2.or/
but;
3.
Not
only/
but
also;
4.
since;
5.but;
6.but;
7.
either/
or/
but;
8.both/
and;
9.but;
10.
neither/
nor
三、1.
while
2
As.
3.
when
4.
whatever
5.at
6.until
7.
although
8.
with
9.that
10.
than
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
考点07
连词
命题趋势
连词是历年中考试题中的必考内容之一。从命题内容来看,涉及并列连词and,
or,
but,
so,
not
only…but
also,either
…or,neither…nor等,从属连词when,while,since,as
soon
as,until等,分值一般在1~3分之间。
考查题型:从命题形式来看,连词以单项选择、完形填空为主。
考查重点:从近年的中考试题来看,并列连词and,but,or,so,neither…nor,either…or,not
only…but
also的区别,when,while,as
soon
as,until等引导的状语从句的用法区别是考查重点。
概述:常用连词的种类及意义
连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子,如and,
but,
or,
for等;从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等),引出名词性从句的连词如that,
whether等,引出状语从句的连词如when,
because,
since,
if
等。
从属连词的分类及其用法
1、从属连词的分类
从属连词引导从句。随着从句作用不同,它们又可分为几类:
从句种类
主要从属连词
时间从句
when,while,as,before,after,until,till,whenever
条件从句
If,unless,supposing,provided(ing),suppose
目的从句
inorderthat,sothat,so
结果从句
so…that,such…that,sothat,so
原因从句
because,as,since
让步从句
although,though,eventhough(if),while
方式从句
as,like,
asif,asthough
地点从句
where,wherever
比较从句
than,as
此外还有that,whether等从属连词可引导名词从句,在句中担任主语、宾语等。
2、从属连词的用法
◆
1.
引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1)
表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的when,
while,
as,
whenever。如:
Don’t
talk
while
you’re
eating.
吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetables
are
best
when
they
are
fresh.
蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
He
came
just
as
I
was
leaving.
我正要走时他来了。
(2)
表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before,
after。如:
Try
to
finish
your
work
before
you
leave.
离开前设法把工作做完。
After
we
have
finished
tea,
we
will
sit
on
the
grass.
喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3)
表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since,
until,
till。如:
She’s
been
playing
tennis
since
she
was
eight.
她从八岁起就打网球了。
Hold
on
until
I
fetch
help.
坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙。
Never
trouble
trouble
till
trouble
troubles
you.
(谚)不要无事惹事。
注意:
1.
until
意为“一直到……”?其相应主句的谓语只能是持续性的?而不能是终止性的。它表示的是“主句动作一直持续到从句动作发生时为止”
2.
上面说到与
until
从句连用的主句谓语不能是终止性动词?但是若这个谓语是否定的,则可以是终止性动词,因为终止性动词一旦被否定,即成为状态,而状态都是可以持续的(注?not...until...意为直到……才……)?
(4)
表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有as
soon
as,
the
moment,
the
minute,
the
second,
the
instant,
immediately,
directly,
instantly,
once,
no
sooner…than,
hardly…when等。如:
I’ll
let
you
know
as
soon
as
I
hear
from
her.
我一接她的信就通知你。
The
moment
I
have
finished
I’ll
give
you
a
call.
我一干完就给你打电话。
I
came
immediately
I
heard
the
news.
我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。
Once
you
begin
you
must
continue.
你一旦开始,
便不可停下来。
(5)
表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有every
time(每次),each
time(每次),(the)
next
time(下次),any
time(随时),(the)
last
time(上次),the
first
time(第一次)。如:
I’ll
tell
him
about
it
(the)
next
time
I
see
him.
我下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。
We
lose
a
few
skin
cells
every
time
we
wash
our
hands.
每当我们洗手的时候,我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
You
can
call
me
any
time
you
want
to.
你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意:every
time,
each
time,
any
time前不用冠词,(the)
next
time,
(the)
last
time中的冠词可以省略,而the
first
time中的冠词通常不能省略。
【知识拓展】一
as
用作连词用法
(1)表示伴随?意为“随着”。
(2)表示让步?意为“虽然”“尽管”?要用于倒装句?相当于
though?但语气稍弱
(3)表示时间?意为“当……时候”注意?as
引导时态状语从句时?其谓语动词通常只能是动作动词而不能是静态或状态动词。如4、表示原因?引导原因状语从句时?其谓语动词可以是动作动词?也可以是状态动词。另外引导原因状语从句,可用倒装语序。
◆
2.
引导条件状语从句的从属连词。
这类连词主要有if,
unless,
as
[so]
long
as,
in
case
等。如:
Do
you
mind
if
I
open
the
window?我开窗你不介意吧?
Don’t
come
unless
I
telephone.
除非我打电话,否则你别来。
As
long
as
you’re
happy,it
doesn’t
matter
what
you
do.
只要你高兴,你做什么都没关系。
In
case
it
rains
they
will
stay
at
home.
万一下雨,他们就呆在家里。
注意:在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。不过,有时表示条件的
if之后可能用
will,但那不是将来时态,
而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如:
If
you
will
sit
down
for
a
few
moments,
I’ll
tell
the
manager
you’re
here.
请稍坐,
我这就通知经理说您来了。
if与whether的用法区别
两者在表示“是否”时的用法区别如下:
1.
互换的场合
引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,
两者常可互换
2.
通常用if的场合
当引导一个否定的宾语从句时,通常用
if
而不用whether。
注:在个别词语
(如
wonder,
not
sure
等)后的从句否定式有时也可能用
whether
来引导。
3.
通常用whether的场合
(1)
引导主语从句且放在句首时
注:若在句首使用形式主语it而将主语从句放在句末,则有时也可用
if
来引导。)
(2)
引导表语从句时。
注:引导表语从句偶尔也用
if
(很不正式)?但远不如用
whether
常见。
(3)
引导宾语从句且放在句首时。
(4)
引导让步状语从句时。
(5)
与
or
连用分别引导两个从句时。
注:or
若不是引导两个从句,而是连接两个词或短语,则也可用
if
(但不如用whether常见)。
(6)
用于不定式之前时。
(7)
用于介词之后时。
(8)
直接与
or
not
连用时,注,若不是直接与
or
not
用在一起?则有时也可用
if。
(9)
在某些动词后(如
discuss
等)
通常只用
whether、unless与if…not、unless和if
not均可表示“如果不”,有时用法相同,有时不同;unless有时可以与if
not换用,但if
not中的not必须位于从句谓语中,而不能直接与if连用在一起。但是注意,即使如此,两者也并不是永远可以换用的,一般说来,两者互换的场合只限于,当我们要去结束一个已经存在的想法或状态时,而不是去开始一种新的想法或状态)。若要表示所述条件会导致一种新的想法或情况,通常要用if...not,而不用unless。
◆
3.
引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有
in
order
that,
so
that,
in
case,
for
fear等。如:
He
raised
his
voice
so
that
everyone
could
hear.
他提高了嗓音,以便每个人都能听见。
Take
your
umbrella
(just)
in
case
it
rains.
带上雨伞,以防下雨。
She
repeated
the
instructions
slowly
in
order
that
he
should
understand.
她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。
◆
4.
引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有so
that,
so…that,
such…that等。如:
I
went
to
the
lecture
early
so
that
I
got
a
good
seat.
我去听演讲去得很早,
所以找个好座位。
I
had
so
many
falls
that
I
was
black
and
blue
all
over.
我摔了许多跤,以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。
He
shut
the
window
with
such
force
that
the
glass
broke.
他关窗子用力很大,
结果玻璃震破了。
◆
5.
引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要的有because,
as,
since,
seeing
(that),
now
(that),
considering
(that)
等。如:
He
distrusted
me
because
I
was
new.
他不信任我,因为我是新来的。
As
you
are
sorry,I’ll
forgive
you.
既然你悔悟了,我就原谅你。
Since
we’ve
no
money,
we
can’t
buy
it.
由于我们没钱,我们无法购买它。
Seeing
that
he’s
ill
he’s
unlikely
to
come.
因为他病了,他大概不会来了。
Now
that
she
has
apologized,
I
am
content.
既然她已经道了歉,
我也就满意了。
连词because用法详解
1.
表示原因?语气较强?可用来回答
why
提出的问题。
2.
because
除经常用于引导原因状语从句外?还可引出表语从句或用于强调句等。
3.
汉语说“因为……所以……”?但英语却不能用
because…so…这样的结构。
4.
汉语说“之所以……是因为……”?英语可以类似以下这样的句型用that比用
because普通。
5.
在not?because?这一结构中not有时否定主句?有时否定从句?具体视语境而定。一般说来若not否定主句,最好在because之前用逗号,否则会引起歧义。但是,如果because之前有副词just修饰,一般认为not是否定从句而不是主句
6.用于构成复合介词because
of?其后可接名词、代词、
动名词、what
从句?但不能是that从句或没有引
导词的从句?等。
7.
because
of通常用来引导状语,而用于不引导表语。
because,
since,
as,
for的用法区别:四者均可用来表示原因,区别如下:
(1)
关于because
语气最强,表示直接原因。可用于回答why提出的问题、引导表语从句、用于强调句等,而其余三者均不行。
(2)关于since
与as
a.
两者所表示的原因都是人们已知的,即对已知事实提供理由,而不是表示直接原因。since比as语气稍强且比as略为正式,它们引导的从句通常放在主句之前,有时也放在主句之后。
b.
since可用于省略句而其他三者不行。
(3)关于for
for是并列连词(其余三者为从属连词)它有时可表示因果关系(通常要放在主句之后?且可与
because换用)?有时不表示因果关系而是对前面分句内容的解释或推断(也要放在主句之后但不能
与because
换用)。
◆
6.
引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although,
though,
even
though,
even
if,
while,
however,
whatever,
whoever,
whenever,
wherever等。如:
Although
they
are
twins,
they
look
entirely
different.
他们虽是孪生,
但是相貌却完全不同。
I
like
her
even
though
she
can
be
annoying.
尽管她有时很恼人,
但我还是喜欢她。
You
won’t
move
that
stone,
however
strong
you
are.
不管你力气多大,
也休想搬动那块石头。
Whatever
we
have
achieved,
we
owe
to
your
support.
我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。
Whoever
you
are,
you
can’t
pass
this
way.
不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。
Whenever
I
see
him
I
speak
to
him.
每当我见到他,我都和他讲话。
although
与
though
用法区别与说明:
1.
用作连词,表示“虽然”两者大致同义,可换用。只是
although比though更为正式。
2.
although一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词。表示“可是”“不过”。
3.
在as
though好像、仿佛;even
though即使、纵然,等固定短语中。不能用although代替though。
4.
两者均可用于省略句?通常见于主句与从句主语相同,且从句谓语含有动词be的情形
5.
当though用于倒装形式。它不能换成although,但可换成as。
注意若倒装后置于句首的是名词时?其前习惯上不用冠词或其他限定词。
6.不要按汉语“虽然??但是??”的表达习惯在although后连用but。但是在强调时,although可与yet,
still
等副词连用。
◆
7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as,
as
if,
as
though,
the
way等。如:
Why
didn’t
you
catch
the
last
bus
as
I
told
you
to?
你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?
He
bent
the
iron
bar
as
if
it
had
been
made
of
rubber.
他将铁棍折弯,仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody
else
loves
you
the
way(=as)
I
do.
没有人像我这样爱你。
◆
8.
引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where,
wherever,
everywhere,
anywhere等。如:
The
church
was
built
where
there
had
once
been
a
Roman
temple.
这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。
I’ll
take
you
anywhere
you
like.
你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。
Everywhere
I
go,I
find
the
same
thing.
不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。
◆
9.
引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as…as。如:
She
was
now
happier
than
she
had
ever
been.
现在她比过去任何时候都快活。
I
glanced
at
my
watch.
It
was
earlier
than
I
thought.
我看了看表,时间比我想像的早。
He
doesn’t
work
as
hard
as
she
does.
他工作不像她那样努力。
◆
10.
引起名词从句的从属连词。主要有that,
whether,
if
等,它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that
不仅没不充当句子成分,而且没有词义,在句子中只起连接作用;而
if,
whether
虽不充当句子成分,但有词义,即表示“是否”。如:
He
replied
that
he
was
going
by
train.
他回答说他将坐火车去。
I
wonder
if
it’s
large
enough.
我不知道它是否够大。
I
worry
about
whether
I
hurt
her
feelings.
我为是否伤了她的感情而担心
并列连词的分类及其用法
1、并列连词的分类
连接两个互不依从的次、短语或分句:并列连词有下面几类:
表示意思转折的连词
but,yet,however
表示因果关系的连词
for,so,therefore,since
其他并列连词
and,or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,both…and等。
2、并列连词的用法
(一)、表示转折关系的并列连词。
主要有but(但是),
yet(可是),
while(而、却)等
but的用法
.but意为“但是”,用来表示转折关系,注意它不能与though,although连用。如:
I
want
to
help
you,but
I
really
don’t
know
what
to
do.我想帮你,可是我真的不知道该做什么。
He
tried
hard
to
catch
up
with
others,but
he
failed.他竭力想赶上别人,但失败了。
1.
连接词或短语
2.
连接句子
3.
用于句首
4.
用于道歉的表达之后
5.
用于not…but…?表示“不是……而是……”
6.
用在某些否定语后表示“只……”?
7.
用于next
(last)
but
one
中表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第……”
8.
can’t
help
but
不由得不……【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然…但是…”直译为although…but…?
but与however的用法区别
两者均可表示转折或对比。意为“但是”、“可是”、“然而”等?但有区别。
1.
表示转折时,but
是连词。
2.
however表示“然而”、“可是”时,有的认为它是连词。有的认为它是副词。之所以将其视为副词,也许是因为像许多副词一样不仅能位于句首,而且能位于句中(注意前后使用逗号)甚至句末(注意其前也用逗号)。
however不能直接换成
but,但可用but来改写。
3.
当连接两个句子时其前通常应用分号或另起新句。
yet的用法
1、yet用作连词时与but一样也主要用于转折意为“但是”“而”。
2、有时用在句首
3、yet有时可与并列连词and或but连用构成习语and
yet和but
yet?意为“虽然如此”“可是”
“然而”与单独使用的yet意思相同。
4、根据英语习惯,although不能与连词but搭配使用?但是although可以与yet搭配连用,此时的yet可
视为副词。?
连词while考点知识归纳
1、表示时间的用法:其意为“当……的时候”。2、表示让步的用法:其意为“尽管”“虽然”。3、表示对比的用法:其意为“而”“但”。注意:这样用时,while引出的句子通常位于末,但有时也可位于句首。省略用法,即主句与从句主语相同,且从句谓语动词含有动词be时,通常可省略从句主语和动词be如:
Someone
borrowed
my
pen,
but
I
don’t
remember
who.
有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。
He
said
he
was
our
friend,
yet
he
wouldn’t
help
us.
他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。
(二)、表示因果关系的并列连词。主要有for(因为),so(因此)等。注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。
连词for的用法
1、for用作连词,主要表示理由,用于引起的分句对前面的话进行解释,常用逗号把它和前面的分句分开。如:
I
must
be
off
now,for
it’s
rather
cold
outside.我得走了,因为外面相当冷。
I
soon
fell
asleep,for
I
was
tired.我很快就睡着了,因为我太累了。
2、for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。
for表示原因时的四个“不能”
:
1、for引导的从句不能位于它所解释的动词之前。
2、for引导的从句不能位于not,
but或任何连词之后。
3、for引导的从句不能用于回答问题。
4、for引导的从句不能单单用来复述已讲过的话。而必须包括新的内容?
注意:之所以有这些用法上的限定,其理由是for引导的从句不能直接说明某一特定动作发生的原因而只能提供一些起帮助解释作用的附加说明。
注意:在口语中,for从句前常稍停一下。在书面语中,在此处常有一个逗号。有时也用一个句号断开。
连词so的用法
1、so用作连词主要用于表结果,意为“所以”
2、有时可与并列连词and连用构成习语and
so(相当so)
3、so意为“所以,因此”用来表示因果关系,注意它不能与because,since,as连用。如:
It
was
rather
late,so
we
decided
to
go
home.已经很晚了,所以我们决定回家。
The
rain
began
to
fall,so
we
had
to
find
a
place
to
stay
in.雨开始下起来,所以我们不得不找个避雨的地方。
The
child
had
a
bad
cough,
so
his
mother
took
him
to
the
doctor.
这孩子咳得很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
You
are
supposed
to
get
rid
of
carelessness,
for
it
often
leads
to
serious
errors.你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
(三)、表示并列关系的并列连词
表选择的并列连词主要表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有
and(而、又、和)
,
or
(或者、还是、否则),
either…or…(不是……就是……),
neither…or…(既不……也不……),
not
only…but
(also)(不仅……而且……),
both…and
,
as
well
as
when(=and
just
at
this
time
就在这时)等。
连词and
用法方方面面
1.
基本义为“和”“又”“而且”等?但它有时还可表示对比或转折?相当于汉语的“而”“但”“却”。
2.
有时用于连接两个相同的词语?主要有以下用法?
(1)
连接两个相同的比较级?表示“越来越……”。
(2)
连接两个相同的动词?表示动作的反复或连续?
(3)
连接两个相同的副词?也表示动作的反复或连续。
(4)
连接两个相同的名词?有以下两种主要用法?
①表示“许多”②强调差别?意为“与……不同”。
3.
在come和go以动词原形出现时?其后习惯上不跟不定式表示目的,而是用“and+动词原形”表示目的、注意,但是?如果go和come不是以动词原形出现,而是以过去式、过去分词、现在分词、动名词等方式出现,则其后应不定式表示目的。
4.
用在祈使句后,表示结果,意为“那么”暗示一种条件?。
5.
用在good,
nice,
fine
等之后,表示“很”“挺”。
6.
在主从复合句中,不要在主句前误加
and
7.
某些用
and
连接的两个词与汉语顺序相反,不要按汉语词序颠倒过来。如rich
and
poor
贫富、land
and
water
水陆、right
and
left
左右、north
and
south
南北、food
and
drink
饮食、food
and
clothing衣食;
(四)、表选择的并列连词
主要or
(或者、还是、否则),
either…or…(不是……就是……),
neither…or…(既不……也不……),
otherwise
(要不然)等。注?neither…nor…连接两个句子?注意用倒装语序。
or的用法归纳
1、表示选择,意为“或”“还是”?
2、表示一种否定的条件,意为“否则”。常见句式有:“祈使句+or+结果句”与“If
you
don’t…,you’ll…”同义,其中or意为“否则”。如:
Hurry
up,
or
you
will
be
late.快点,否则你就会迟到了!
=If
you
hurry
up,
you
won’t
be
late.如果快点,你就不会迟到了。
=If
you
don’t
hurry
up,
you
will
be
late.如果不快点,你就会迟到了。
3、用于否定句中代替and。
4、用于习语The
work
is
more
or
less
finished.工作大体上完成了。
They
consist
of
1700
or
more
tribes.他们由1700个或更多部族构成。
There’s
just
one
or
two
details
I
want
to
make
sure
about.还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。
Either
your
mother
or
your
father
may
come
with
you.你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。
◆【知识拓展】二
“特殊”的英语连词——似是而非的连词
一
.
由动词转化成的连词
1.
suppose
(如果,假使)引导条件状语从句。例如:
(1)Suppose
it
rains,
what
shall
we
do?如果天下雨,我们该怎么办?
(2)Suppose
a
lion
should
come
out
of
the
forest?要是有一头狮子从树林中跑出来咋办?
2.
save
(除了,只是)引导状语从句,表示伴随状况。例如:
A
similar
timetable
has
been
used,save
that
the
morning
break
is
shorter.已经采用了差不多相同的时间表,只是早上的休息时间缩短了。
二
.
由分词转化成的连词
这类连词有两种:一种是由现在分词转化成的连词,另一种是由过去分词转化成的连词。
1.
现在分词
由现在分词转化成的连词有:seeing
(考虑到)
supposing
(即使,如果)
providing
(如果)
granting
(即使)
saving
(除了,除非)
assuming
(假使)
admitting
(虽说,即使)
presuming
(假定,假使)
considering
(考虑到)
(1)He
can
stay
here
providing
he
works.如果他工作的话,他可以留在这儿。
(2)Supposing
that
you've
made
some
progress,you
should
not
be
proud.假定你有了一些进步,你也不应该骄傲自大。
(3)Considering
they
are
newcomers,they've
done
very
well.考虑到他们是新来的,他们已经做得很好了。
2.
过去分词
由过去分词转化成的连词有:provided(如果……的话;以……为条件),granted(假定;即使)given
(就……而言)
(1)You
may
go,provided
your
work
is
done.如果你的工作做完了,你就可以走了。
(2)Granted
that
he
has
enough
money
to
buy
the
house,it
doesn't
mean
he's
going
to
do
so.即使他有足够的钱来买这栋房子,他也不一定会这么做。
三
.由副词转化成的连词
directly
,instantly
,immediately
,constantly均表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:
(1)Directly
I
had
done
it,
I
knew
I
had
made
a
mistake.我刚做完这件事,就知道出错了。
(2)I
came
immediately
I'd
eaten.我一吃完就来了。
(3)I
telegraphed
instantly
I
arrived
there.我一到了那里就打电报。
四
.
由名词转化成的连词
由名词转化过来的连词,前面一般都有定冠词。
1.
the
moment,
the
instant,
the
minute
这几个词组都表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:
(1)I
will
meet
you
the
instant
you
arrive.你一到我就去见你。
(2)The
moment
you
leave,
please
tell
me.你一动身就请告诉我。
2.
the
first
(或
second,
next,
last
)
time
(或
moment
)表示“在某一次……的时候”,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:I
liked
her
the
first
time
I
met
her.
第一次见到她时我就喜欢上了她。
五
.
由介词短语转化成的关联连词
由介词短语转化成的关联连词很多,而且还在不断增加。常见的有
for
fear
that(唯恐),
in
case
that
(假使),in
order
that(为了),on
condition
that(如果),with
the
result
that(结果)等,可用来引导条件、目的或结果状语从句。例如:
(1)He
hurried
home
for
fear
that
he
might
miss
his
guests.他急忙赶回家,唯恐见不到他的客人。
(2)In
case
I'm
late,
start
without
me.如果我来晚了,你们不必等我。
(3)I
was
in
the
bath
with
the
result
that
I
didn't
hear
the
telephone.我正在浴室里洗澡,结果没有听见电话铃响。
(4)They
flew
there
in
order
that
they
might
be
in
time
to
attend
the
opening
ceremony.为了能及时参加开幕典礼,他们乘飞机到了那里。
◆【知识拓展】三
并列连词词组的用法
(一)、both…and…的用法?其意为“……和……都”、“不但……而且……”、“既……又……”
【注】作为关联并列连词,它通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分,但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相
同的词。另外?若连接两个成分作主语时?谓语要用复数?
(二)、either…or…的用法
1、either?or…主要用于表示选择?其意为“要么……要么……”?“不是…就是…”?“或者……或者……”?
用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。
注意:1、either?or…通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分?但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的
词?若连接两个成分作主语?谓语动词通常与其靠近的主语保持一致。
2、但在非正式文体中?有时也会一律用复数谓语。.
either?or…除可连接两个词或短语外?有时也可连接两个句子。3、either?or?的否定式可以是not
either?or??也可以是neither?nor..
(三)、neither…nor…的用法?其意为“既不…也不…”、“…和…都不”
【注】通常应连接两个相同性质的句子成分?但有时后一成分可能省略与前一成分相同的词。若连接两个成
分作主语?其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
(四)、not
only…but
also…的用法
not
only?but
also表示“不但……而且……”、“不仅……而且”、“既……又”?用于连接两个性质相同的词或
短语。另外,在使用not
only?but
also…时还应注意以下几点:
1、有时可将but
also分开用?即将but视为普通的并列连词,用于连接两个句子,然后将also用于句中,用谓语动词用在一起。
2.
该结构中的also有时可以省略,或将also换成too,
as
well?置于句末。
3.
有时因为语境的需要,not
only?but
also…也可能用于连接两个性质不同的词或短语,但这多半因为承前
省略的原因。
4.
当not
only?but
also连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。
5.
为了强调,可将not
only置于句首。此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。
注:有时也可见到不倒装的情形?此时主要见于but
also后接省略结构的情况,省略只剩下主语。
(五)、not
only…but
also…是否一定要连接对称结构
1、连接对称结构,not
only…but
also…是一对非常有用的关联连词?其意为“不仅……而且……”“不但……而且……”?通常用于连接两个相同的句子成分?即所谓的“对称结构”。如?
(1).
连接主语
(2).
连接谓语
(3).
连接表语
(4).
连接宾语
(5).
连接定语
(6).
连接状语
2、连接非对称结构
但在实际运用中,该结构有时不完全遵循“连接相同句子成分”的用法而出现一些非对称结构。这类用法
主要有以下几类:
(1).
因承前省略而导致的不对称
(2).
因强调导致不对称有时为了强调。not
only…but
also…连接的两个成分也可能是“不对称”的,这类用法尤其见于,not
only后接的是句子的一个部分,而but却用于句中“连接”一个句子,其后的句中可能出现also,也可能省略also。这类用法有时也可能会省略but后面的主语,而保留其后的谓语。
?典型例题详解
1.
I'm
sorry,
_________
I
won't
be
able
to
come
tonight.
A.
for
B.
and
C.
but
D.
then
【陷阱】容易误选A,因为空格后的句子是用以说明
I'm
sorry
的原因的,所以便想当然地认为要选for来表示原因。
【分析】事实上,I'm
sorry
后习惯上不接表示原因的连词for后习惯上不接表示原因的连词,而接表示转折的连词but(也可省略
but),用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。又如:
Oh,
sorry,
but
she's
out.
哦,不好意思,她出去了。
I'm
sorry,
but
I
have
to
disagree.
对不起,我不敢苟同。
I'm
sorry,
but
I
have
already
had
another
appointment.
对不起,我已经有约会了。
注:I'm
sorry
后虽然不能接表原因的连词for,但却可接介词
for。如:
I'm
sorry
for
shouting
at
you.
对不起冲你嚷嚷了。
I
am
sorry
for
what
I
said
to
you.
我后悔不该对你讲那些话。
2.
The
point
is
not
who
said
the
words,
_________
they
are
true
or
not.
A.
but
whether
B.
and
whether
C.
but
how
D.
and
how
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为A。此题涉及两个搭配:一是
not
...
but
...(不是……而是……),二是
whether
...
or
not
(是否)。请看类例:
He
was
not
an
actor,
who
often
appeared
on
stage,
_________
a
writer,
writing
stories.
A.
but
B.
and?
C.
then
D.
so
答案选A,主要考查
not
...
but
...
结构。
3.
Just
because
they
make
more
money
than
I
do,
_________
they
seem
to
look
down
on
me.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
but
D.
不填
【陷阱】但容易误选A,将汉语的"因为……所以……"直译为
because
...
so
...。
【分析】此题正确答案为D,但是按英语语法,because
为从属连词,用以引导原因状语从句,它表明整个句子为复合句;而
so
在表示"所以"时,它是并列连词,用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词
because,又用了并列连词
so,使得该句一半像复合句,一半像并列句,从而导致错误。正确的做法是,任意去掉
because
和
so
中的一个,使之要么成为复合句,要么成为并列句。
4.
Although
he
had
only
entered
the
contest
for
fun,
_________
he
won
first
prize.
A.
but
B.
and
C.
even
D.
不填
【陷阱】容易误选A,将汉语的"虽然……但是……"直译为
although
...
but
...。
【分析】正确答案选D。按英语语法,although
为从属连词,用以引导让步状语从句,它表明整个句子为复合句;而although
but
在表示"但是"时,它是并列连词,用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词
although,又用了并列连词
but
,使得该句一半像复合句,一半像并列句,从而导致错误。正确的做法是,任意去掉
although
,使得该句一半像复合句,一半像并列句,从而导致错误。正确的做法是,任意去掉和
but
中的一个,使之要么成为复合句,要么成为并列句。其实,此题与上面一题的分析思路是一样的。这里顺便说一句,许多同学(包括许多老师和教学参考书)为了便于记忆,将此题与上面一题的知识点简单地归纳为"按英语习惯,because和so不可连用,although
与
but
与不可连用"。这种说法在通常情况下无疑是对的,也是有效的,但同学们一定要在明白以上道理的情况下来使用此规则,如果只是死记该规则,有时遇到一些语言特例仍然会出错。如:
But
I
didn't
know
that
then,
although
I
learned
it
later.
但我当时的确不知道此事,尽管后来我还是知道了。
此句既用了并列连词
but,又用了从属连词
although,但它并未造成错误,原因是此句与上面所讨论的情形有所不同,
although
but
用于
although
之前,but
在此仅起到与上文转折的作用,but
后的
I
didn't
know
that
then,
although
I
learned
it
later.
仍为一个复合句。
I
tried
doing
the
accounts,
but
although
I
knew
some
maths
I
found
it
very
difficult.
我试着算这些账,但尽管我懂点数学,仍感到很困难。
此句将
but
与
although
用在一起,但此句也没有错误。该句从总体来看,它是一个以并列连词
but
连接的并列句,而在该并列句的后面一句又是一个包含让步状语从句
although
I
knew
some
maths
的复合句--这种句型就是所谓的并列复合句。此句也可改写为
I
tried
doing
the
accounts,
but
I
found
it
very
difficult
although
I
knew
some
maths.
5.
When
the
last
prize
had
been
awarded
_________
everybody
cleared
off.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
or
D.
不填
【陷阱】容易想当然地误选A。
【分析】句首
when
引导的是一个时间状语从句,它暗示整个句子为复合句;而so,
and,
or
为并列连词,无论选哪一个,都表明整个句子为并列句,从而导致前后矛盾,所以A、B、C均不能选择。此题正确答案选D,everybody
cleared
off
为整个复合句的主句。请看类似例子:
(1)
If
wishes
were
horses,
_________
beggars
would
ride.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
or
D.
不填
(2)
If
I'm
mistaken,
_________
you
are
mistaken
too.
A.
so
B.
and
C.
or
D.
不填
(3)
Just
before
I
left
London,
_________
I
sent
him
a
telegram.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
or
D.
不填
(4)
After
they
had
each
said
a
few
words,
_________
Lloyd
George
took
the
floor.
A.
and
B.
so
C.
or
D.
不填答案
均选D,空格前分别为
if,
when,
before,
after
引导的状语从句,空格后为整个复合句的主句。
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