中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
13被动语态
（一）被动语态的基本句型及时态训练
一、单项选择。
1.The
weatherman
says
a
rain
shower
__________
this
afternoon
in
the
south.
A.
expects
B.
expected
C.
is
expected
D.
was
expected
2.—Do
you
know
when
and
where
the
24
Winter
Olympic
Games
__________?
—In
Beijing
and
Zhangjiakou,
in
2022.
A.
is
held
B.
will
be
held
C.
will
hold
D.
is
hold
3.—Quite
a
few
new
laws
and
rules
on
food
safety
__________
into
use
last
month.
—Can
you
tell
me
what
they
are?
A.
were
putting
B.
have
been
put
C.
were
put
D.
put
4.
In
the
past
few
years,
great
changes______in
Lianyungang.
A.
take
place
B.
took
place
C.
have
taken
place
D.have
been
taken
place
5.Yaxi,
a
quiet
village
in
Gaochun,________
China′s
first
“Slow
City”in
November
2011.
A.
names
B.
named
C.
is
named
D.
was
named
6.
Moon
cakes
for
free
to
those
old
people
this
coming
Moon
Festival.
A.were
offered
B.will
offer
C.have
offered
D.will
be
offered
7.
Nineteen
Taizhou
dishes
into
the
book
Huaiyang
Cuisine（淮扬菜）.
A.
chose
B.
choose
C.
are
chosen
D.
have
chosen
8.
Lunar
Probe(
月球探测器)
Chang'e-5_____
into
space
this
year.
It
will
land
on
the
moon
and
return
with
lunar
samples(样品).
A.
sends
B.
will
be
sent
C.
will
send
D.
is
sent
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.
The
stars
can’t
______________
(see)
in
the
daytime.
2.
Some
flowers
______________
(water)
by
Li
Ming
already.
3.
This
kind
of
shoes
______________
(sell)
well.
4.
How
long
______________
your
uncle
______________
(be)
in
the
city?
5.
The
food
______________
(smell)
delicious.
6.His
request
______________
(rufuse).
7.All
the
preparations
for
the
task
______________
(complet),
and
we're
ready
to
start.
8.A
new
cinema______________
(build)
here．
9.Now
new
words
______________
(borrow)from
other
countries.
10.A
meeting
______________
(hold)
when
I
was
there.
11.After
he
got
home,
the
new______________
(spread).
12.By
the
end
of
last
year,
another
new
gym(体育场)
______________
(complet)
in
Beijing.
13.The
baby______________
(take)
good
care
of
by
the
baby-sitter
14.To
make
our
city
more
beautiful,
rubbish
mustn’t
______________(throw)
into
the
river
15.Hundreds
of
trees
______________
(plant)
on
the
hill
every
year
【参考答案】
一、单项选择。
1.
C【解析】句意：天气预报员说今天下午在南方有望下阵雨。根据a
rain
shower和
expect之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，排除A/B；根据this
afternoon
可知是一般现在时态；故选C。
2.
B【解析】句意：——你知道24届冬奥会什么时候在哪里举行吗？——2022年在北京和张家口。根据the
24
Winter
Olympic
Games和hold之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据in
2022.可知是将来时态；故选B。
3.
C【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：——上个月，有不少新的食品安全法规出台了。——你能告诉我它们是什么吗？这个题目旨在考查动词的被动语态，句子的主语Quite
a
few
new
laws
and
rules与put之间是被动关系，故排除A和D选项，根据last
month这个表过去时间的短语，故排除B选项。故选C。
4.C【解析】take
place是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，in
the
past
few
years常与现在完成时
连用。
5.D【解析】这里表示“过去被命名为……”。
6.D根据后面的将来时间状语，而且月饼应该是被提供，所以选择will
be
offered。
7.C【解析】根据句意，应该是十九道泰州菜被选为淮扬菜。
8.B【解析】此题表示“嫦娥5号月球探测器在今年将要被送往太空”。
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.
be
seen
2.
have
been
watered
3.
sells
4.
has
been
5.smells
6.has
been
rufused
7.have
been
completed
8.
is
being
built
9.are
being
borrowed
10.was
being
held
11.
had
been
spread
12.
had
been
completed
13.
should
be
taken
14.
be
thrown
15.
are
planted
（二）被动语态的用法及变换训练
一、单项选择
1.
This
listening
material,
together
with
its
CD-ROMS,
______well.
A.
sells
B.
sell
C.
is
sold
D.
are
sold
2.
The
Yellow
River
flood
large
areas,
but
now
the
waters
of
it
are
used
to
energy.
A.
was
used
to;
producing
B.
used
to;
producing
C.
was
used
to;
produce
D.
used
to;
produce
3.
---Do
you
know
when
we________?
---I'm
not
sure.
I
will
tell
you
about
it
when
the
time________.
A.
leave;is
fixed
B.
will
leave;is
fixed
C.
leave;will
be
fixed
D.
will
leave;will
be
fixed.
4.
Alice
some
advice
on
how
to
improve
her
listening
skills,
and
she
gladly
accepted
Miss
Green's.
A.
gave
B.
was
given
C.
gives
D.
is
given
5.
Last
March,
many
trees
________
along
the
streets
to
make
our
city
more
beautiful.
A.
were
planted
B.
were
planting
C.
had
planted
D.
planted
6.
---Aunt
Li,
who
is
the
pretty
girl
in
red
in
the
picture?
---It's
my
daughter.
The
picture
________
10
years
ago.
A.
took
B.
is
taken
C.
has
taken
D.
was
taken
7.
---
Clark,
your
room
is
really
in
a
mess.
It
needs
________.
---
Sorry,
mum.
I'll
do
it
at
once.
A.
clean
B.
cleaned
C.
to
clean
D.
to
be
cleaned
8.It's
said
that
an
Asian
Culture
Village__________inside
the
AYG
Village
in
Nanjing
in
the
coming
Asian
Youth
Games
period.
A.
builds
B.
is
building
C.
will
be
built
D.
was
built
9.
We're
sure
that
the
environment
in
our
city
______
greatly
through
our
work
in
the
near
future.
A.
improved
B.
was
improved
C.
has
improved
D.
will
be
improved
10.Pukou
Railway
Station
______
in
1911
and
it
has
become
a
filming
location
for
films
and
TV
plays
in
recent
years.
A.build
B.is
built
C.built
D.was
built
11.
It's
reported
that
Jiangsu
Grand
Theatre
in
September
this
year.
A.
completes
B.
is
completed
C.
will
complete
D.
will
be
completed
12.---Hobo,can
I
eat
the
hamburger？---Sure,if
the
dishes
.
A.wash
B.are
washed
C.will
wash
D.will
be
washed
13.The
film
made
by
Walt
Disney________all
over
the
world.
A.
is
used
to
show
B.
is
used
to
showing
C.
used
to
show
D.
used
to
be
shown
14.---Have
you
heard
about
that
car
accident
near
the
school?
---Yes,luckily
no
one________.
A.hurt
B.was
hurt
C.has
hurt
D.were
hurt
15.
---“Frog”,
Mo
Yan's
latest
novel,
please!
---
Sorry,
it
______
just
now.
But
it
will
come
out
again
soon.
A.
sold
out
B.
is
sold
out
C.
has
sold
out
D.
was
sold
out
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.
It’
s
said(据说)
that
the
long
bridge
______________（build）in
two
months.
2.
Where
to
have
the
meeting
______________
（discuss）now.
3.
Which
language
______________
the
most
widely
______________（speak）in
the
world?
4.
The
lost
boy
______________（not
find）so
far.
5.
Last
year
a
large
number
of
trees
______________（cut）down.
6.
The
students
______________
often
______________
(tell)
to
take
care
of
their
desks
and
chairs.
7.
The
old
man
is
ill.
He
______________
(must
send)
to
the
hospital.
8.
Vegetables,
eggs
and
fruits
______________
(sell)
in
this
shop.
9.
—What
______________
knives
______________
(make)
of
?
—They
______________
(make)
of
metal(金属)
and
wood.
10.
Can
the
magazine
______________
(take)
out
of
the
library?
三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.
Is
tea
grown
in
South
China?（改为主动语态）
______________
people
______________
tea
in
South
China?
2.
I
am
given
a
birthday
present
by
my
parents
every
year.
（同义句转换）
A
birthday
present
______________
______________
______________
______________
by
my
parents
every
year.
3.
The
work
is
going
to
be
finished
in
two
days.
(对划线提问)
How
______________
______________
the
work
going
to
be
finished?
4.
The
children
will
sing
an
English
song.
(改为被动语态)
An
English
song
______________
______________
______________
by
the
children.
5.
You
needn’
t
do
it
now.
(改为被动语态)
It
______________
______________
______________
by
you
now.
6.
People
use
metal
for
making
machines.
(改为被动语态)
Metal
______________
______________
______________making
machines.
7.
He
made
me
do
that
for
him.
(改为被动语态)
I
______________
______________
______________
______________that
for
him.
8.
They
are
watching
the
football
match.
The
football
match
______________
______________
______________
by
them.
9.
Did
they
build
a
bridge
here
a
year
ago?
(改为被动语态)
______________
a
bridge
______________
here
by
them
a
year
ago?
10.
They
have
sold
out
the
light
green
dresses.
(改为被动语态)
The
light
green
dresses
______________
______________
______________
out.
11.
We
call
the
game
＂Lianliankan＂.
(改为被动语态)
The
game
______________
______________
＂Lianliankan＂by
us.
【参考答案】
一、单项选择
1.
A【解析】sell
well用主动形式表示被动含义，表示“卖得好”。
2.
D【解析】第一空表示过去常常做某事，用used
to
do；第二空表示被用来做某事，用be
used
to
do。
3.
B【解析】第一空用一般将来时，第二空表示“当时间被确定了”，所以用被动语态的形式，而且when引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般现在时。
4.B【解析】根据句意，应该是爱丽丝被给了一些建议，而且整个句子用的是过去式，所以选择was
given。
5.
A【解析】这里用被动语态的一般过去时，所以选择were
planted。
6.D【解析】根据句意，应该“这张照片是十年前照的”。
7.D【解析】根据句意，房间需要被打扫了，所以用need
to
be
cleaned.
8.C【解析】根据句意，表示“将要被建造”。
9.
D【解析】此题表示“在我们的努力下，在不久的将来，我们城市的环境将得到极大改善”。
10.
D【解析】此题表示“浦口火车站在1911年被建造”。
11.
D【解析】此题表示“江苏大剧院将要在今年九月份被建立”。
12.B【解析】根据句意，盘子应该是被洗。
136.D【解析】此题表示“过去常常被放映”，所以用used
to
be
shown的形式。
14.
B【解析】此题表示“没有人在交通事故中受伤”。
15.D【解析】这里表示“小说刚刚被卖完了”。
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.
will
be
built
2.
is
being
discussed
3.
is
spoken
4.
hasn’
t
been
found
5.
were
cut
6.
are
told
7.
must
be
sent
8.
are
sold
9.
are
made
,
are
made
10.
be
taken
11.
is
cleaned
三、按要三、求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.
Do,
grow
2.
is
given
to
me
3.soon
is
4.
will
be
sung
5.
needn’t
be
done
6.
is
used
for
7.
was
made
to
do
8.
is
being
watched
9.
was
built
10.
have
been
sold
11.
is
called
（三）动名词专题训练
【专题训练】
1.
Don't
throw
away
the
waste
paper.
It
needs__________so
that
it
can
be
reused.
A.
to
destroy
B.
destroying
C.
to
collect
D.
collecting
2.
I
heard
Tom
________
when
I
walked
past
his
room
yesterday.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
D.
sang
3.I'm
sleepy.
I
prefer
__________
at
home
to
going
out
for
a
walk.
A.
sleeping
B.
to
sleep
C.
slept
D.
sleep
4.—It
is
getting
cold.
Would
you
mind
________
the
window?
—Of
course
not.
A.
closing
B.
to
close
C.
closed
5.Would
you
mind
________
down
the
music?
It’s
too
noisy.
A.
to
turn
B.
turning
C.
turn
6.
As
we
all
know,
a
person
learns
many
things
by
making
mistakes
and
________
them.
A.
corrects
B.
correct
C.
to
correct
D.
correcting
7.—I’m
Daisy,
not
Jessie.
—Sorry,
I
have
difficulty
________
people’s
names.
A.
remembering
B.
remember
C.
to
remember
D.
remembered
8.I
can’t
stand
________
in
public.
A.
smoking
B.
to
smoke
C.
smoke
D.
smokes
9.—Mr.
Wang,
I
have
trouble
________
the
text.
Could
you
help
me?
—Certainly.
First,
remember
________
it
three
times
at
least.
Then,
I
will
tell
you
more.
A.
to
understand;
reading
B.
understanding;
reading
C.
understanding;
to
read
D.
to
understand;
to
read
10.—Is
Tom
in
the
next
room?
—Well,
it’s
hard
to
say.
But
I
heard
him
________
loudly
when
I
passed
by
just
now.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
spoken
D.
speaking
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
He
didn’t
finish
(read)
the
book
until
last
week.
11.
She
couldn’t
help
(smile)
at
the
words.
12.
Would
you
mind
my
(open)
the
windows?
13.
It’s
no
use
(ask)
him
about
it.
14.
The
boy
kept
(wait)
outside
the
hole
for
about
ten
minutes.
15.
Every
morning
my
grandpa
spends
half
an
hour
(water)
the
flowers.
16.
We’re
so
much
looking
forward
to
(see)
you
again.
17.
I
can
read
many
books
every
month,
and
I
think
most
of
them
are
worth
(read).
【参考答案】
1.D【解析】need
collecting相当于need
to
be
collected，表示“需要被收集”。
2.B【解析】hear
sb.
doing
sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。
3.A【解析】prefer
doing
sth.
to
doing
sth.表示“同做某事比起来更喜欢做某事”。
4.
A【解析】句意：——天变冷了。你介意我关上窗户吗？——当然不介意。mind
doing
sth.介意做某事。
5.B【解析】考查动名词。句意：你介意把音乐的音量调小一些吗？太吵了。A.
to
turn
不定式；B.
turning
动名词（或现在分词）；C.
turn.动词原形。mind.意为"介意；在乎"后面只能跟动名词作宾语，故选B。
6.
D【解析】句意：我们都知道，一个人通过犯错误和改正错误可以学到很多东西。考查动名词。And连接两个并列的成分，由前面的making可知此处形式应与其一致，即doing形式；结合选项，可知D选项符合题意，故选D。
7.
A【解析】句意：——我是Daisy，不是Jessie。——对不起，我在记住人名上有困难。remembering记住，是动名词形式；remember动词原形；to
remember动词不定式；remembered过去式。这句话中使用了句型have
difficulty
doing
sth.，做某事有困难，因此这里应用ing形式，选A。
8.
A【解析】句意：我不能忍受在公众场合吸烟。smoking吸烟，是动名词形式；to
smoke动词不定式；smoke吸烟，动词原形；smokes是动词的第三人称单数形式。句中使用了句型can’t
stand
doing
sth.不能忍受做某事，故这里应选A。
9.
C【解析】句意：——王老师，我在理解课文上有困难，你能帮助我吗？——当然了，首先记住至少要读三遍；然后我再告诉你更多。to
understand动词不定式形式，理解；understanding动名词形式；reading阅读，动名词形式；to
read动词不定式。第一个空考查了句型have
trouble
doing
sth.做某事有困难，所以应用动名词形式，先排除A和D；第二个空前的动词remember有两个句型，remember
to
do
sth.记得去做某事（还没有做）；remember
doing
sth.记得做过某事。根据句意可知，这里应表示＂记得去做＂，用动词不定式，故应选C。
10.
D【解析】答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
reading
2.
smiling
3.
opening
4.
asking
5.
waiting
6.
watering
7.
seeing
8.
reading
（四）现在分词”和“过去分词专题训练
【专题训练】
1.Do
you
know
the
girl
under
the
tree?
A.standing
B.
stands
C.
stand
D.
stood
2.I
bought
a
table
.
A.
making
of
wood
B.
made
of
wood
C.
makes
of
wood
D.
make
of
wood
3.This
is
a
book
from
the
library.
A.borrowing
B.
borrows
C.
borrow
D.
borrowed
4.That
film
is
very
.
A.
interesting
B.
interest
C.
interested
D.
interests
5.Tom
felt
when
he
saw
a
snake.
A.
frightened
B.
frightening
C.
frighten
D.
frightens
6.They
got
after
they
heard
the
good
news.
A.
excite
B.
excites
C.
excited
D.
exciting
7.The
students
went
out
of
the
classroom,
.
A.
laughing
and
sing
B.
laughing
and
singing
C.
laughed
and
sung
D.
laughing
and
sung
8.
,
the
village
is
beautiful.
A.
Seeing
from
the
mountain
B.
Seen
from
the
mountain
C.
See
from
the
mountain
D.
Sees
from
the
mountain
9.
,
he
jumped
up.
A.
Hearing
this
B.
Hear
this
C.
Hears
this
D.
Heard
this
【参考答案】
1.A【解析】（此处现在分词短语standing
under
the
tree用作定语）
2.B【解析】（此处过去分词短语made
of
wood用作定语）
3.D【解析】（此处过去分词短语borrowed
from
the
library用作定语）
4.A【解析】（interesting表示“有趣的”，强调某个物体很有趣）
5.A【解析】（frightened表示“感到害怕的”，强调某个人感到害怕）
6.C【解析】（excited表示“感到兴奋的”，强调某人感到兴奋）
7.B【解析】（此处现在分词laughing
and
singing表示伴随状况，作伴随状语）
8.B【解析】（此处过去分词短语seen
from
the
mountain用来作状语）
9.A【解析】（此处现在分词短语hearing
this用来作状语）
综合模拟训练
一、选择最佳答案
1.
I’ll
do
what
I
can
________
you.
A.
help
B.
for
help
C.
helps
D.
to
help
2.
How
________
did
it
take
the
sculptors
________
a
model?
—About
3
months.
A.
long;
finishing
B.
often;
to
finish
C.
far;
to
finish
D.
long;
to
finish
3.
We
are
glad
that
more
attention
has
been
paid
________
the
air
around
us.
A.
to
improve
B.
to
to
improve
C.
to
improving
D.
to
to
imporving
4.—Do
you
prefer
________
basketball
with
me?
—No,
I’d
rather
stay
at
home
and
watch
TV.
A.
play
B.
to
play
C.
playing
D.
played
5.
It’s
reported
that
China
plans
________
Hainan
into
a
new
free
trade
port
by
2025.
A.
build
B.
to
build
C.
building
6.
________
baseball
game,
you
need
to
go
to
the
Yankee
Stadium.
A.
To
watch
B.
After
playing
C.
Before
buying
D.
Looking
at
7.—Thanks
a
lot
for
going
out
of
your
way
________
me.
—It’s
my
pleasure.
A.
help
B.
helping
C.
helped
D.
to
help
8.
Why
not
________
an
English
Club
to
practice
________?
A.
to
join;
speaking
B.
join;
speaking
C.
join;
to
speak
D.
to
join;
to
speak
9.—Is
Tom
in
the
next
room?
—Well,
it’s
hard
to
say.
But
I
heard
him
________
loudly
when
I
passed
by
just
now.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
spoken
D.
speaking
10.
I
learn
English
by
________
aloud.
A.
read
B.
to
read
C.
read
to
D.
reading
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
He
didn’t
finish
(read)
the
book
until
last
week.
2.
There
must
be
something
wrong
with
my
TV
set.
I’ll
have
it
(repair).
3.
She
couldn’t
help
(smile)
at
the
words.
4.
Would
you
mind
my
(open)
the
windows?
5.
It’s
no
use
(ask)
him
about
it.
6.
The
boy
kept
(wait)
outside
the
hole
for
about
ten
minutes.
7.
Every
morning
my
grandpa
spends
half
an
hour
(water)
the
flowers.
8.
We’re
so
much
looking
forward
to
(see)
you
again.
9.
I
can
read
many
books
every
month,
and
I
think
most
of
them
are
worth
(read).
10.
This
problem
is
a
bit
hard.
Let
me
(think)it
over.
11.
Who
can
make
the
child
(stop)
crying?
12.
Did
you
have
your
homework
(finish)?
13、He
wants
______(travel)
around
the
world.
14、We
decide
_____(plan)
for
our
summer
holiday.
15、He
finds
it
hard
________(catch
up
with)
his
classmates.
三、词语运用
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremain
A
cook
was
caught
1
(smoke)
red-handed
and
the
owner
of
the
restaurant
made
him
2
(hit)
on
road
immediately.
With
so
many
staff
3
(look)
at
him
,he
felt
very
embarrassed
.
His
colleagues
found
it
right
for
him
4
(punish),
because
the
lighted
cigarette
ends
could
cause
the
whole
restaurant
5
(catch)
fire.
The
cook
begged
the
owner
to
give
him
the
last
chance
.
The
owner
eventually
had
him
6
(apologize)
and
got
him
9
(fine).The
cook
was
allowed
10
(remain).
Now,
he
is
seen
11
(mop)
the
floors
hard
and
I
notice
many
customers
passing
him
.He
is
listen
to
to
remind
them
14
(mind)the
sign,
reading
“NO
SMOKING
!”
I
hear
a
voice
in
my
heart
saying
“respect
yourself
and
you
will
feel
valued.”
四、完形填空
In?the?Quality?Education?Month?of?Shanghai?Yangpu?District,?the?visitors?were?attracted?by?a
Chinese
class?of
grade?two?in?the?Primary?School?under?shanghai?No.?2?Normal?School.
When
class?began,
the
teacher
truned?on
TV?instead?of?__1__?the?pupils?to?open?their
textbooks.
On
the
TV__2__?a?cartoon.
With?the?cartoon?__3__on,
the
teacher
kept
asking
questions.?"What
does?the?little
___4__
dog?look
like?“?How?is?his?expression?”and“what
lady?Silk?worm?doing?
The?pupils?watched?carefully
and___5__their?hands___6__
the
questions?one?after?another.
After
___7__a?few?times?and?___8__
about?it?together,the?pupils
handed?in?a?short?composition
___9__"
The?little?Spotted?Dog?Guards?the?House”.
Much?to?the?surprise?of?the?visitors,?the?cartoon?shown?on?TV?was?designed?and?made?by?the?They?help?the
pupils?to?understand?the?difficult?points?in?the?texts,
___10___
their?imagination?and
improve?their
oral
ability.
1.A.?having?asking
B.
asking
C.?to?ask
D.?being?asking
2.?A?appeared
B?appearing
C.?appear
D?appears
3.?A.to?go
B?going
C.?went
D.?had?gone
4.?A.?spotting
B.spotted
C.being?spotted
D.is?spotted
5.A.
put
up
B.?putted
up
C.?putting
up
D.put
down
6.A.?to?answer
B.?for?answering
C.?and?answering
D.?to?answering
7.A.watched
B.watching
C.?having?watched
D.?watches
8.A?talked
B.?having?talked
C.?talk
D.?talking
9.A.titled
B.?being
titled
C.?have?titled
D.?titling
10.?A.enrich
B.to
enrich
C.?enriched
D?enriching
【参考答案】
一、选择最佳答案
1.
D【解析】句意：我将做我所能做的来帮助你。不定式在这里作目的状语；故选D。
2.
D【解析】句意：——完成一个模型需要花费雕塑家多少时间？——大约3个月。How
long提问时间多久，how
far提问距离＂多远＂，句型it
take
sb
+时间+to
do意为＂花费某人……时间去做……＂，所以第二空应该使用不定式形式to
finish（完成），故选D。
3.
C【解析】句意：我们很高兴人们对我们周围的空气给予了更多的关注。to
improve动词不定式；to
to
improve第一个to是短语pay
attention
to；第二个to是动词不定式的符号；to
improving是介词to后跟动名词；to
to
improving形式错误。这个题目考查了短语pay
attention
to…注意……，to是介词，后面跟动名词形式，所以选C。
4.
B【解析】句意：——你愿意和我打篮球吗？
——不，我宁愿待在家里看电视。这里是考查动词prefer的用法prefer后有两种形式，一种是prefer
sth./doing
sth.宁愿/更喜欢做某事,
第二种是prefer
to
do
sth.意思是＂愿意做某事＂。从语境可知这里想表达的是愿意做某事，所以用prefer
to
play，故选B。
5.
B【解析】句意：据报道，中国计划在2025年底前把海南建成一个新的自由贸易港。考查动词形式辨析题。plan
to
do打算/计划做某事，固定短语。根据句意语境，可知选B。
6.
A【解析】句意：为了看棒球，你需要去洋基体育场。此处动词不定式短语作目的状语。
7.
D【解析】句意：——非常感谢你能专门来帮助我。——这是我的荣幸。此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选D。
8.
B【解析】句意：为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部来练习口语呢？提建议句型＂为什么不做某事＂(why
not
do
sth.)；练习做某事(practice
doing
sth.)；故选B。
9.
D【解析】答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。
10.
B【解析】句意：我通过大声阅读来学习英语。by
doing
sth.通过做某事，by后加动名词。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
reading
2.
repaired
3.
smiling
4.
opening
5.
asking
6.
waiting
7.
watering
8.
seeing
9.
reading
10.
think
11.
stop
12.
finished
13.to
travel
14.to
plan
15.to
catch
up
with
三、1.smoking
2.hit
3.looking
4.to
be
punished
5.to
catch
6.apologize
7.fined
8.to
remain
9.mopping
10.
to
mind
四、1—5BABBA
6—10ABDAA
【模拟训练】
一、用括号内的词的适当形式填空。
2.Look
at
the
picture.
The
top
five
TV
plays
__________
in
it.
A.
list
B.
are
listed
C.
will
list
D.
will
be
listed
3.If
you
are
caught
smoking
in
the
kitchen,
you
__________
by
your
boss.
A.
will
fire
B.
are
fired
C.
will
be
fired
D.be
fired
5.The
latest
mobile
phone
__________
in
China.
A.
will
make
B.
has
made
C.
is
making
D.
is
made
6.
Mr.
Green
__________
to
sing
an
English
song
at
the
party
and
he
sang
well.
A.
was
invited
B.
invited
C.
is
invited
D.
invites
7.
Teenagers
have
to
be
18
years
old
before
they
__________
to
drive
a
car.
A.
are
allowed
B.
will
be
allowed
C.
allow
D.
is
allowed
8.
As
China
grows
stronger
and
stronger,
Chinese
__________
in
more
and
more
schools
out
of
our
country.
A.
teaches
B.
is
taught
C.
has
taught
D.
was
taught
9.—Your
bedroom
is
so
clean.
—Of
course.
It
__________
every
day
A.
cleans
B.
cleaned
C.
is
cleaned
D.
was
cleaned
11.—Why
hasn’t
Tony
come?
—The
invitation
letter
__________
to
Toby
by
accident.
A.
was
emailed
B.
has
emailed
C.
is
emailed
D.
emailed
12.The
museum
__________
next
month
to
celebrate
the
Science
&
Technology
Festival.
A.
is
decorated
B.
will
decorate
C.
is
decorating
D.
will
be
decorated
13.—Your
bedroom
is
so
clean.
—Of
course.
It
__________
every
day.
A.
cleans
B.
cleaned
C.
is
cleaned
D.
was
cleaned
14.
Both
Lily
and
Lucy
__________
to
the
party
yesterday,
but
they
didn’t
come
at
all.
A.
were
invited
B.
was
invited
C.
invited
D.
is
invited
15.
When
you
go
abroad,
you’ll
find
that
so
many
products
in
local
shops
__________
in
China.
A.
make
B.
have
made
C.
are
made
D.
is
made
16.—Why
does
the
earth
look
blue
in
space?
—Because
most
of
the
earth’s
surface
__________
by
water.
A.
covers
B.
is
covered
C.
cover
D.
are
covered
17.
You
are
not
supposed
to
go
to
a
family
patty
unless
you
__________
to
in
the
US.
A.
are
not
invited
B.
are
invited
C.
will
be
invited
D.
is
invited
18.
Our
plan
to
clean
the
park
__________
tomorrow.
A.
Discusses
B.
will
discuss
C.
will
be
discussed
D.
is
discuss
19.
I
plan
to
build
an
unusual
house.
It
__________
out
of
old
things.
A.
is
built
B.
has
built
C.
was
built
D.
will
be
built
20.
Students
do
less
homework
now.
Usually
it
__________
before
9
o’
clock
in
the
evening.
A.
finishes
B.
finished
C.
is
finished
D.
was
finished
二、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。
①The
new
bike
______________
______________
______________
______________
（买给我）by
my
parents
as
a
present
last
week.
②______________
your
mobile
phone
______________
______________
______________（是国产的吗）?
③The
whole
mountain
is
______________
______________
(覆盖)
the
snow.
三、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
①I
have
a
lot
of
homework
to
be
done
tonight.
____________
②Is
your
history
teacher
listened
carefully
in
class?
____________
③Lei
Feng’
s
name
remembered
by
all
Chinese
people.
____________
④The
music
is
sounded
beautiful.
____________
⑤By
who
was
this
new
educational
CD-ROM
designed?
_____________
【参考答案】
一、用括号内的词的适当形式填空。
2.
B【解析】句意：看这幅画。前五名的电视剧都在里面。考查被动语态。根据语境得知The
top
five
TV
plays与list之间存在被动关系；由Look
at
the
picture得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
3.
C【解析】句意：如果你在厨房里被抓到吸烟，你就会被老板开除。你只能＂被开除＂，所以需要使用被动语态be
done，如果主句是将来时，那么if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，这是主将从现的用法，本题中从句是说如果被抓到抽烟的话，用了一般现在时，那么主句用一般将来时，表示＂你将会被开除＂，所以用一把将来时的被动语态，will
be
done，故选C。
5.
D【解析】句意：最新的手机是在中国制造的。will
make将会制造，一般将来时态；has
made现在完成时态；is
making现在进行时态；is
made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，这句话的主语The
latest
mobile
phone与谓语动词make之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，选项中只有D是被动形式，所以选D。
6.
A【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：格林先生在派对上被邀请唱了一首英语歌，并且他唱得非常好。A.
was
invited被邀请，被动结构；B.
invited邀请，过去式；C.
is
invited被动结构，一般现在时；D.
invites第三人称单数形式。根据he
sang
well.可知用过去时态，再根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态的过去时态，故选A。
7.
A【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：青少年在允许开车前不得不达到十八岁。are
allowed被动语态的一般现在时；C.
will
be
allowed被动语态的一般将来时；D.
allow一般现在时。根据主语和谓语动词之间的动宾关系，可知用被动语态，结合句意，可知表示一般情况，故选A。
8.
B【解析】考查被动语态的时态的用法。句意：随着中国变得越来越强大，汉语在国外越来越多的学校教学。A.
teaches第三人称单数形式；B.
is
taught
一般现在时的被动结构；C.
has
taught
现在完成时，主动结构；D.
was
taught一般过去时的被动结构。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，根据句意，可知描述的是现在的一种现象，所以用一般现在时，故选B。
9.
C【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——你的卧室真干净。——当然，它每天都被打扫。根据every
day句子应该用一般现在时，句子的主语it与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，故选C。
11.
A【解析】考查动词的时态及语态。句意：——托尼为什么还没来？——邀请函偶然地通过电子邮件发送给托比。A.
was
emailed被邮寄，过去式的被动语态；B.
has
emailed已邮寄；
C.
is
emailed被邮寄，现在式的被动语态；D.
emailed
邮寄，一般过去时。The
invitation
letter是物，应用被动语态，邀请函已发故用过去式，因此选A。
12.
D【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是＂被装修＂，要用decorate的被动语态，即be
decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。
13.
C
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——你的卧室真干净。——当然，它每天都被打扫。根据every
day句子应该用一般现在时，句子的主语it与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，故选C。
14.
A【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：昨天李丽和露西都被邀请去参加聚会，但是他们都没有去。A.
were
invited
被邀请，用于复数的主语；
B.
was
invited
用于单数主语；
C.
invited是过去式。因为句子的主语Both
Lily
and
Lucy是复数，并且与谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以用were
invited被邀请，故选A。
15.
C【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：当你去国外时，你会在当地商店里看到那么多中国制造的商品。主语products是谓语动词make的承受者，句子用被动语态，故选C。
16.
B【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：——为什么在太空中，地球看上去是蓝色的？——因为地球的大部分地方被水覆盖着。句子的主语surface是谓语动词cover的承受者，句子用被动词语态，most
of
the
earth’
s
surface表示单数含义，谓语动词用单数形式。故选B。
17.
B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在美国如果你不被邀请，你不应该参加家庭聚会。Unless引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时或有情态动词，从句用一般现代时。故选B。
18.
C【解析】考查动词的时态及语态的用法。句意：打扫公园的计划将在明天被讨论。根据tomorrow可知，句子应该用一般将来时，句子的主语plan与discuss
之间是被动关系。故选C。
19.
D【解析】考查动词的时态及语态。句意：我计划建一座与众不同的房子，所建造的房子会推陈出新。根据plan可知，计划要做的事情，当然句子用一般将来时，句子是主语it指房子，it与build之间是被动关系。所以用将来时的被动语态。故选D。
20.
C【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：学生现在做较少的家庭作业。通常在晚上九点前就可以完成。在该句中的it指代上文中的homework，它是动词finish的承受者，该用被动语态。根据usually可知该用一般现在时。所以选C。
二、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。
①
was
bought
for
me
②
Is
made
in
China
③
covered
with
三、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
①be
done改为do
②
listened改为listened
to
③
remembered改为was
remembered
④
is
sounded改为sounds
⑤By
who改为By
whom
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
考点13被动语态
命题趋势
动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。
考查题型：从命题形式来看，时态以单项选择、完形填空为主、词语语篇填空等均有考查题型。
考查重点：从近年的中考试题来看，以下是考查重点
1、被动语态的句型；
2、被动语态的各种时态形式；
3、被动语态的用法；
4、主动语态变被动语态；
5、主动形式表示被动意义。
语态概述
1、语态的定义：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，用来说明主语和谓语之间的主动或者被动关系。
2、语态的种类：英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的基本句型及时态
1、被动语态的基本句型
句型
构成
例句
肯定句
主语
+
be
+
过去分词(
+
by...
)
Chinese
is
spoken
by
us.我们说汉语。
否定句
主语
+
be
+
not
+
过去分词(
+
by…)
Homework
isn’
t
done
by
him.他不做作业。
一般疑问句
Be
+
主语
+
过去分词(+
by...)?
—Was
Jim
asked
to
go
to
Beijing?
吉姆被要求去北京吗?—Yes,
he
was.是的，他被要求了。/No,
he
wasn’
t.
不，他没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词
+
be
+
主语
+
过去分词(+by...)?
Why
was
this
bridge
built
by
us?
我们为什么要建这座桥?
2、被动语态的各种时态形式
时态
结构
例句
一般现在时
主语
+
am/is/are
+
过去分词
+
其他
History
is
made
by
the
people.
历史是人们创造的。These
books
are
designed
for
children.
这些书是为孩子们设计的。
一般过去时
主语
+
was/were
+
过去分词
+
其他
The
letter
was
written
in
English.
这封信是用英语写的。The
cars
were
made
in
Shanghai.
这些车是上海生产的。
一般将来时
主语
+
will
be
+
过去分词
+
其他
Your
job
will
be
kept
open
for
your
return.
你的工作将保留到你回来。When
will
the
work
be
finished?
这项工作什么时候完成？
现在进行时
主语+
am/is/am
+
being
+
过去分词
+其他
A
new
railway
is
being
built.
一条新铁路正在修建。Because
my
car
is
being
repaired,
I
have
to
go
to
work
by
taxi.
因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。
过去进行时
主语+
was/were
+
being
+
过去分词+
其他
The
hall
was
being
built
last
year.
I’
m
not
sure
if
it
is
completed.
这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。The
road
was
being
widened
when
I
passed
by
the
village.
当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。
现在完成时
主语
+have/has
been
+
过去分词
+
其他
He
has
been
sent
to
work
in
Shanghai.
他已经被派往上海工作了。Has
the
sports
meeting
been
put
off
until
next
Friday?
运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？
过去完成时
主语
+
had
been
+
过去分词
+
其他
The
room
had
been
broken
into
before
we
came.
我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。A
new
hotel
had
been
built
when
I
got
there.
我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。
情态动词
主语
+
情态动词
+
be
+
过去分词
+
其他
Her
temperature
should
be
taken
twice
a
day.
她的体温应该一天量两次。If
heated,
water
can
be
turned
into
vapour.
如果受热，水会变成蒸气。
被动语态的用法及变换
1、被动语态的用法
用法
例句
不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者
How
is
this
word
pronounced?
这个单词怎么发音？The
book
was
published
in
2005.
这本书是2005年出版的。
强调动作的承受者
School
will
be
opened
in
our
village.
我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。
当动作的执行者是泛指时
He
is
suspected
of
robbing
the
bank.
有人怀疑他抢劫银行。
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者
I
have
been
told
many
times
not
to
make
noises.
有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。
句法修饰的需要
The
lecture
will
be
made
by
Joe,
who
is
a
young
musician
from
Italy.
乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。
有些动词习惯上常用被动语态
He
was
born
in
this
city.
他出生在这个城市。It
is
reported
that
he
is
a
professor
from
New
Zealand.
据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。
2、主动语态变被动语态
说明
例句
第一步：把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。第二步：把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。第三步：把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
All
the
people
laughed
at
him.→He
was
laughed
at
by
all
people.They
make
the
bikes
in
the
factory.→The
bikes
are
made
by
them
in
the
factory.
1、含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语比较多。2、如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，注意：①一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词
to：bring,
give,
hand,
lend,
offer,
pass,
pay,
promise,
sell,
show,
take,
teach,
tell
等。②
一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词
for：build,
buy,
cook,
cut,
choose,
do,
fetch,
find,
fix,
get,
keep,
make,
order,
paint,
play,
sing
等。
典型例题1My
uncle
gave
me
a
present
on
my
birthday.→I
was
given
a
present
on
my
birthday.典型例题2The
book
was
showed
to
the
class.→My
bike
was
lent
to
her.典型例句3A
new
skirt
was
made
for
me.The
meat
was
cooked
for
us.Some
country
music
was
played
for
us.
带复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。
典型例题1We
always
keep
the
classroom
clean.→The
classroom
is
always
kept
clean.典型例题2She
told
us
to
follow
her
instructions.→We
were
told
to
follow
her
instructions.注意：在see,
watch,
hear,
notice,
listen
to,
look
at,
make,
feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后都带to。We
often
hear
him
play
the
guitar.→He
is
often
heard
to
play
the
guitar.
【注意】感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂be
seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made
to
do
sth＂。They
saw
her
enter
the
meeting
room
just
now.→She
was
seen
to
enter
the
meeting
room
just
now.
刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。
含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。
They
take
good
care
of
these
children.→These
children
are
taken
good
care
of.
他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。We
should
make
full
use
of
the
good
chance.→The
good
chance
should
be
made
full
use
of.
我们应该充分利用这次好机会。
主动形式表示被动意义
情况
例句
说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lock，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。
The
cloth
washes
well.这种布料很容易洗.A
freshly
baked
cake
doesn’t
cut
easily.
刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。
表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sound等。
This
piece
of
music
sounds
good.这段音乐听起来不错。Mooncakes
taste
delicious.
月饼尝起来很美味。
某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth
The
bike
needs
repairing.这辆自行车需要修理。Your
hair
wants
cutting.你的头发该理了。
【注意】
动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组：be
seated坐着，就座
be
hidden躲藏
be
lost迷路
be
drunk喝醉
be
dressed穿着
以下结构常用被动语态
据说……
It
is
said
that
…
据报导……
It
is
reported
that
…
据推测……
It
is
supposed
that
…
希望……
It
is
hoped
that
…
众所周知……
It
is
well
known
that
…
普遍认为……
It
is
generally
considered
that
…
有人建议……
It
is
suggested
that
…
典型例句
It
is
reported
that
it
is
going
to
rain
tomorrow.
据报道明天要下雨。
It
is
well
known
that
Thomas
Edison
invented
the
electric
lamp.
众所周知，托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
被动语态记忆口诀
被动语态强调＂宾＂，用
be加上＂过去分＂。
＂be＂要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
＂行为对象＂作主语，逻辑主语＂by＂来引。
原句若是双宾语，一变＂主＂来一保＂宾＂。
＂间宾＂要把主语变，原来＂直宾＂还是＂宾＂。
＂直宾＂要把主语变，＂间宾＂前加＂to＂最称心。
唯有原＂宾＂是＂复合＂，只有变宾要当心。
原句＂宾补＂变＂主补＂，位置不必挪寸分。
情态动词变＂被动＂，情态加be加过分。
如若＂情态＂后带to，变后有to才弄准。
＂短语动词＂变＂被动＂，相当＂及物＂莫疑心。
不过其后＂介＂或＂副＂，变后还得要承认。
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