中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
考点14非谓语动词
命题趋势
非谓语动词是历年中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用非谓语动词的能力。
考查题型：从命题形式来看，时态以单项选择、完形填空为主、词语语篇填空等均有考查题型。
考查重点：从近年的中考试题来看，以下是考查重点
1.
动词不定式；2.
动名词；3.
分词（现在分词和过去分词）。
考点趋向
一、概述
1、非谓语动词的概念：动词按照在句中作不作谓语，可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词，非谓语动词在句中不可以充当谓语，它不受主语的限制，也没有像谓语动词那样的时态和语态的
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"欢迎登陆21世纪教育网?)变化，又称为非限定动词，但是可以充当除谓语以外的其它句子成分。
2、非谓语动词的使用条件：在一个单句中，如果已经存在一个谓语动词，而且在没有连词的情况下，需要使用其它动词时，用非谓语动词的形式。
3、非谓语动词的分类：动词不定式（to
do）、动名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）、过去分词（done）
动词不定式的功能及用法
动词不定式的构成：动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可不带to。不定式的
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to+动词原形。
动词不定式的作用
（1）作主语：
To
grow
more
trees
here
is
very
important.（=It
is
very
important
to
grow
more
trees
here.）在这里多种些树是非常重要的
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To
think
carefully
before
you
act
is
necessary.（=It
is
necessary
for
you
to
think
carefully
before
you
act.）
你须三思而后行。
To
walk
to
school
takes
me
twenty
minutes.(=It
takes
me
twenty
minutes
to
walk
to
school.)步行到学校我要花20多分钟。
注意：
在It
is...to的句型中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式；这种结构，避免了句子的
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①It
is
+adj.+for/of
sb.+(not)to
do
sth.意为＂做某事对某人来说是……＂。
②It
takes
sb.+some
time+to
do
sth.意为＂做某事花费某人多长时间＂如：
To
master
a
language
is
not
easy=It
is
not
easy
to
master
a
language.学好一门语言是不容易的。
It's
bad
for
your
eyes
to
read
in
the
sun.在阳光下看书对你的
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另外，不定式作主语的句子，同时有另外一个不定式作表语时，不能转换成“It
is...to...”的
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To
see
is
to
believe.
(百闻不如一见。)不能转换为：It
is
to
believe
to
see.
（2）作宾语：一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词多表示打算或者希望，如would
like,
want,
wish,
hope,
decide,
plan,
expect等。
常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would
like,
want,
like,
hope,
wish,
plan,
decide,
learn,
agree,
try,
remember,
forget,
expect,
refuse,
afford,
prefer,
continue,
promise,
begin,
start
等think,find,believe等动词可用于＂动词+it+adj.+to
do
sth.＂句型中。it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语是后面的不定式。如：
I
would
like
to
make
friends
with
you.我想要和你交朋友。
I
find
it
difficult
to
pass
my
math
exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。
She
wanted
to
get
home
earlier
that
day.她那天想要早一些到家。
They
refused
to
do
so.他们拒绝那样做。
巧记接不定式作宾语的
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hope、wish、want、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn
、decide、Pretend、choose
三个希望两答应;
设法学会做决定
不要假装在选择
（3）宾语补足语：
要求用不定式作宾语补足语的
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"欢迎登陆21世纪教育网?)动词很多，例如：ask,
want,
believe,
know,
tell,
advice
,
like,
feel,
help,
force,
invite,
let,
have,
make,
prefer,
notice,
order,
remind,
see,
teach,
think,
expect,
enable,
cause,
choose,
allow,
persuade等。
She
adviced
him
to
do
so.她劝他这么做。
The
doctor
told
me
not
to
go
on
with
the
work.医生告诉我不要再继续做这件工作了。
He
reminded
me
to
lock
the
door
when
I
Left.他提醒我离开时锁上门。
注意：
①不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。
Tom
asked
him
to
turn
off
the
radio.
汤姆要他关掉录音机。
I
want
my
father
to
buy
a
kite
for
me.
我想要我爸爸给我买个风筝。
The
teacher
warned
the
students
not
to
cheat
in
the
exam.
老师警告学生不要考试作弊。
在复合宾语中，可以用形式宾语it代替作直接宾语的不定式，而将不定式放在补足语的
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She
found
it
difficult
to
change
his
mind.她发现要想改变他的
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He
considered
it
his
duty
to
do
so.他认为这样做是应该的
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The
situation
now
makes
it
easy
for
them
to
finish
building
the
bridge
on
time.目前的这种情况使他们很容易按时完成大桥的
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②1、表示感官的动词如see,
hear,
watch,
feel,
notice和某些使役动词如let,
make,
have等，其后作宾语补足语的
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"欢迎登陆21世纪教育网?)不定式通常不带to。例如：
It
made
me
feel
thirsty.这东西让我感到口渴。
My
mother
lets
me
cook
the
dinner.
妈妈让我烧饭。
Can
you
hear
someone
sing
in
the
next
room?
你能听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌吗？
2、动词help之后，不定式带to或不带to都可以。
Will
you
please
help
me
(to)
take
this
suitcase?请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗?
（4）作定语：不定式作定语时，应放在名词后面，它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果是不定式不及动词，且与被修饰词之间有动宾关系时，要在不定式后面加上适当的介词。动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语，两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有：这类名词经常使用的
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way,chance,
right(权力)，need(需要)，decision(决定)，opportunity(机会)，
effort(努力)，courage(勇气)，struggle(斗争)等。如：
Mr.
Wang
is
a
man
to
believe
in.王先生是一位值得信赖的
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I
think
he
is
a
man
to
depend
on.我认为他是一个可以依赖的
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Can
you
find
anything
to
read
at
the
dentist?在牙诊所你可以找到可阅读的
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The
boy
found
no
one
to
play
with.这孩子找不到人跟他一块玩。
（5）作状语：不定式常可用作状语，修饰动词，表示行为的目的、结果和原因。如：
To
do
a
good
job,we
must
have
the
right
tools.
要干好活工具要对头。
（6）作表语：放在系动词后作表语，不定式作表语说明主语的特征和属性。
①不定式可以在句子中作目的
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I
am
sorry
to
have
bothered
you.我非常抱歉打搅了你。(原因状语)
They
will
come
to
the
city
to
look
for
a
job.他们将要到大城市来找工作。(目的
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If
you
are
so
stupid
as
to
do
so,
you
must
expect
trouble.你如果愚蠢得这样做事，你就等着自找麻烦吧。(结果状语)
②“too...to...”结构中的不定式含有否定的
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不能……”。
The
boy
is
too
young
to
join
the
army.这孩子太小，还不能参军。
He
is
too
busy
to
see
me.他太忙，不能来看我。
③“so
as...+不定式”结构，不定式作目的
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He
went
there
quickly
so
as
to
meet
her.他赶快到那里去以便可以碰见她。(目的
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He
was
so
kind
as
to
offer
his
seat
to
me.承他好意，把座位让给了我。(结果)
The
man
was
so
angry
as
to
smash
the
things
in
the
room.这个人气极了，便开始摔屋里的
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比较：不定式作宾语和作状语的
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She
wants
to
sleep.
(作宾语)她想去睡觉。
She
went
there
to
sleep.
(作状语)她去那儿睡觉。
不定式的特殊用法
1、使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear,
listen
to)、三让(let,
make,
have)、四看(look
at,
see,
watch,
notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。
2、动词不定式的否定形式是not
to
do，其被动形式为to
be
done。
?Our
teacher
asked
us
not
to
swim
in
the
river
alone.
我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。
3、常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach,
show,
tell,
learn,
find
out,
decide,
know,
forget等。
My
mother
taught
me
how
to
cook
yesterday.
昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。
4、不定式常与特殊疑问词what，which，when,
where,
how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。
注意：动词不定式仍然具有动词的
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to
beat
the
opponent
打败对手；to
put
on
your
coat
穿上你的
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drive
fast
快速驾车
to
return
home
归国，回家
不定式之前的to(又称为小品词)与介词to功能不同。介词to
之后要接名词或代词的宾格，或相当于名词的短语作它的宾语。而不定式的小品词to的
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speak
to
him
(to是介词)对他讲话
to
speak
English
(to是不定式的
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动名词的功能及用法
动名词是由＂动词+-ing＂构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特点。
动名词作用
（1）作主语：动名词作主语多表示习惯性动作，谓语动词用单数。常用的句型结构有：It
is
no
use（good）+v.ing.如：
Seeing
is
believing.眼见为实。
It
is
no
use
arguing
again.再去争吵也没有用。
Collecting
stamps
is
his
hobby.
集邮是他的爱好。
Eating
too
much
is
bad
for
health.
吃太多对你的健康有害。
Speaking
loudly
in
the
reading
room
is
not
allowed.
在阅览室里大声说话是不允许的。
（2）作表语：放在系动词后面作表语。如：
Her
job
is
teaching
English.
她的工作是教英语。
My
hobby
is
lying
on
the
bed
and
watching
TV.
我的爱好是躺在床上看电视。
Her
job
is
looking
after
the
children.她的工作是照顾这些小孩子。
（3）作宾语：动名词作宾语放在某些动词后边以及介词后面，表示一般的习惯或经常性的动作。用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语的词有：avoid,
finish,
consider,
give
up,
cannot
help,
allow,
imagine,
include,
keep,
mind,
practice,
suggest，succeed
in,
be
used
to
do,
look
forward
to,
enjoy,
be
busy。如：
No
matter
what
happened,
I
won’t
give
up
achieving
my
dream.不管发生了什么事情，我都不会放弃去实现我的梦想。
I
have
finished
doing
my
homework.
我已经做完作业了。
Do
you
mind
opening
the
window
for
us?
你介意帮我们打开窗户吗？
The
children
feel
like
drinking
some
water.
孩子们想喝点水。
What
about
going
swimming
in
the
afternoon?
下午去游泳怎么样啊？
（4）作定语：动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的用途、作用等，用于名词前，起修饰说明作用。如：
There
is
a
swimming
pool
in
her
home.
她家有个游泳池。
a
swimming
pool
游泳池
the
reading
room
阅览室
teaching
methods
教学方法
非谓语动词的特殊用法
即可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有：love,
like,
hate,
prefer,
dislike,
begin,
start,
continue,
intend,
attempt,
can’t
bear,
propose,
want,
need,
remember,
forget,
regret,
neglect,
try,
deserve,
can’t
afford等动词。有时两者之间的意义差别不大，但remember,
regret,
want,
try等词后差别比较明显。
某些动词后接不定式和动名词的区别。
1、
stop
to
do
停下来去做另一件事
stop
doing
停止做某事
He
stopped
to
have
a
rest.
他停下来休息了会。
Let’s
stop
talking.
让我们停止谈话。
2、
forget
to
do
忘记要去做某事（未做）
forget
doing
忘记做某事（已做）
Don’t
forget
to
turn
off
the
light.
不要忘记关灯。
He
forgot
locking
the
door.
他忘记把门已经锁了。
3、
remember
to
do
记得要去做某事（未做）
remember
doing
记得做过某事（已做）
Remember
to
hand
in
your
homework.
记得交作业。
Don’t
you
remember
seeing
the
person
before?
你不记得以前见过这个人吗？
4、
regret
to
do
对要做的事表示遗憾（未做）
regret
doing
对做过的事表示遗憾（已做）
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
I
have
failed
in
the
exam.
我很后悔告诉你我考试没过。
The
lady
doesn’t
regret
marrying
the
man.
这个女的不后悔嫁给这个男的。
5、
try
to
do
设法或努力做某事
try
doing
尝试做某事
We
must
try
to
be
more
careful.
我们必须多加小心。
He
is
trying
opening
the
door.
他正在尝试打开门。
6、
mean
to
do
打算做某事
mean
doing
意味着做某事
I
mean
to
buy
a
car,
but
I
have
no
money.
我打算买俩车，但是我没钱。
Doing
that
means
wasting
time.
那样做意味着浪费时间。
7、
go
on
to
do
放下手头的事继续做别的事
go
on
doing
继续做原来的事
We
got
up
and
went
on
to
have
breakfast.
我们起床后，接着吃早饭。
He
didn’t
have
a
rest
and
went
on
working.
他没有休息，继续工作着。
分词的功能及用法
分词包括“现在分词”和“过去分词”。其构成为“现在分词”由v.+ing构成，“过去分词”v.+ed(规则动词)构成。
“现在分词”和“过去分词”的功能比较
（1）作定语：现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。如：
The
crying
boy
annoyed
us
a
lot.那个哭泣的男孩使我们很烦恼。
（2）作表语：现在分词表示主语的性质、特征，过去分词表示某种状态，放在系动词后作表语。如：
The
story
is
interesting.I
am
interested
in
it.
这个故事很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
（3）作宾语补足语：用于补充说明宾语的动作和状态。如：
He
could
hear
his
heart
beating
fast.他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。
（4）作状语：通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对主语的主要动作加以修饰。现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是主句主语；过去分词作状语时，其逻辑宾语是主句主语。如：
I
got
home,
feeling
very
tired.
我疲惫地回到家里。
非谓语动词解题技巧
1、用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式。
2、用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing。
3、用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在
意料之中。不定式作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。
4、凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的
被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式。
5、非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致。
6、强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或-ing
的完成式）。
7、用于名词后作定语时：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用-ing，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，
表示动作被动、完成。
【巧学妙记】后跟to
do作宾语的动词（词组）(1)想要，拒绝，忘记
(want/would
like,
refuse,
forget)(2)需要，努力，学习
(need,
try,
learn)(3)喜欢，同意，帮助
(like,
agree,
help)(4)希望，决定，开始
(hope/wish,
decide,
begin/start)
【巧学妙记】巧记后跟动名词作宾语的动词喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest)盼望(look
forward
to)习惯(be
used
to)却完毕(finish)想要(feel
like)花费(spend)去练习(practice)忍俊不禁(can’t
help)还介意(mind)
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考点14非谓语动词
（一）非谓语动词综合训练
一、选择最佳答案。
1.
At
times,
parents
find
it
difficult
________
with
their
teenage
children.
A.
talk
B.
talked
C.
talking
D.
to
talk
2.
---
What
else
should
we
pay
attention
to
_______
building
the
bridge?
---The
change
of
the
weather,
I
think..
A.
finish
B.
finished
C.
to
finish
D.
finishing
3.______
great
fun
Andrew
has
______
DIY
in
the
art
room
with
his
classmates!
A.
What;
doing
B.
What;
done
C.
How;
doing
D.
How;
done
4.
---Why
are
you
so
excited
today?
---We
were
told
_________
a
picnic
this
weekend.
A.
have
B.
to
have
C.
having
D.
had
5.
Why
have
you
stopped_______,
Kitty?
The
singing
competition
is
coming
up
soon!
A.to
practice
to
sing
B.to
practice
singing
C.practicing
to
sing
D.practicing
singing
6.This
sign
is
used
tourists
to
stay
away
from
the
lion
in
the
zoo.
A.to
warn
B.to
warning
C.to
make
D.to
making
7.The
couple
will
be
away
for
a
while
and
they
need
someone
the
baby.
A.look
after
B.looking
after
C.looked
after
D.to
look
after
8.The
driver
wanted________his
car
near
the
roadside
but
was
asked
by
the
police
not
to.
A.park
B.parked
C.to
park
D.parking
9.
I
was
tired
out,
so
I
stopped
the
car
a
short
rest.
A.
have
B.
having
C.
to
have
D.
had
10.
---Mr
Ling,
I
have
some
difficulty
the
article.
---Remember
it
three
or
four
times
at
least.
A.
to
understand;
reading
B.
understanding;
reading
C.
understanding;
to
read
D.
to
understand;
to
read
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.How
about________
(have)
a
party
next
Sunday.
2.Dad
often
ask
me
________
(not
play)
on
the
road.
3.I
don’t
know
how
________
(express)
my
exciting
feelings.
4.Mr,
Green
was
so
angry
that
he
couldn’t
help
________
(shout)
at
his
wife.
5.We
should
avoid
________
(disturb)
others.
6.He
was
made
________
(wash)
the
car
himself.
7.We
must
take
strong
measure
________
(protect)our
environment.
8.I
happened
________
(meet)
one
of
my
friends
in
the
street
yesterday.
9.There’s
no
need
________
(leave)
right
now.
10.It
‘s
our
duty________
(protect)
our
planet.
11.I’m
sorry________
(disturb)
you.
12.Can
you
teach
me
how
________
(surf)?
13.He
promised________
(follow)
the
good
suggestions.
14.If
you
have
a
chance________
(study)
here,you
will
learn
more
knowledge.
15.Learn
the
new
while
________
(review)
the
old.
三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的词
1.China
is
a
________(发展)
country,
_______
(属于)
the
Third
World.
2.The
building
_______
(建造)will
be
served
as
our
dining-
hall.
3.Not
______
(知道)
his
address,
we
have
no
way______(取得联系)
with
him.
4.Not
______
(理解、懂得)
the
local
language
and
having
no
friend
in
the
country,
he
found
it
impossible
______(找到)
a
job.
5.
______(出生)
and
______(教育、养育)
in
the
countryside,
he
knows
better
about
the
hard
life
of
pleasant.
6.In
recent
years,
______(领导)
by
the
Party,
people
find
their
living
conditions
greatly
________(改变、变化).
7.Would
you
be
so
kind
as______(给)us
some
advice
on
how
_______(学习)
English.
8.
I
dream
of
standing
on
the
platform
in
the
classroom
and
______(给)
lessons
to
lovely
boys.
9.On
the
meeting,
twenty-five_______(前进)
teachers
were
praised
and
those
who
had
completed
thirty
years
of
teaching
were
given
medals.
10.
She
kept
the
lamb_______(系)
to
a
tree
during
the
day
and
went
to
fetch
it
every
evening.
【参考答案】
一、单项选择。
1.【答案】D。此题考查find+it+adj.+to
do
sth.的用法，这里it是形式宾语，代替真正的宾语动词不定式。
2.【答案】C。此处动词不定式to
finish
building
the
bridge用作目的状语。
3.【答案】A。have
fun
doing
sth.表示“开心做某事”。
4.【答案】B。tell
sb.
to
do
sth.表示“告诉某人做某事”，被动形式为be
told
to
do
sth.。
5.【答案】D。stop
doing
sth.表示“停止做某事”，practice后常接动名词作宾语。
6.【答案】C。be
used
to
do
sth.表示“被用来做某事”。
7.【答案】D。动词不定式to
look
after
the
baby表示目的。
8.【答案】C。want
to
do
sth.表示“想要做某事”。
9.【答案】C。此处动词不定式to
have
a
short
rest用作目的状语。
10.【答案】C。have
difficulty
doing
sth.表示“做某事有困难”，remember
to
do
sth.表示“记得要做某事”。
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.having
2.not
to
play
3.to
express
4.shouting
5.disturbing
6.to
wash
7.to
protect
8.to
meet
9.to
leave
10.to
protect
11.to
disturb
12.to
surf
13.following
14.to
study
15.reviewing
三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的词
1.developing,
belonging
to
2.being
built
3.Not
knowing,
to
get
in
touch
4.Not
understanding,
to
find
5.
born,
brought
up
6.
led,
changed
7.
to
give
,
to
learn
8.giving
9.
advanced
10.
tied
（二）动词不定式专题训练
1、______
English
is
not
easy
___us.
A.
Speak;
for
B.
Speaking;
to
C.
To
speak;
for
D.
To
speak;
to
2、It
is
very
important
___
us
______
breakfast.
A.
for;
having
B.
to;
to
have
C.
for;
have
D.
for;
to
have
3、It
is
very
kind
___
you
______us.
A.
for;
helping
B.
for;
to
help
C.
of;
helping
D.
of;
to
help
4、Would
you
like
______the
movie
this
evening?
A.
to
see
B.
seeing
C.
see
D.
sees
5、I
find
it
easy__________
English
every
day.
A.
reading
B.
to
read
C.
read
D.
reads
6、I
think
______
important
______
early.
A.
it;
sleeping
B.
it;
to
sleep
C.
that;
sleeping
D.
it;
sleeps
7、I
come
here__________
my
grandparents.
A.
visiting
B.
to
visit
C.
visited
D.
visits
8、
,
he
works
hard.
A.
To
live
well
B.
Living
well
C.
Lives
well
D.
Lived
well
9、I
don’t
know
the
museum.
A.
how
can
I
get
to
B.
how
get
to
C.
how
to
get
to
D.
how
to
get
10、The
teacher
is
telling
the
students
.
A.
what
to
do
B.
what
to
do
it
C.
what
can
they
do
D.
what
doing
11、They
haven’t
decided
tomorrow
morning.
A.
when
set
off
B.
when
to
set
off
C.
when
setting
off
D.
when
sets
off
12.It's
dangerous
a
close
look
at
the
tiger
in
the
zoo.
A.
for
us
taking
B.
of
us
to
take
C.
of
us
taking
D.
for
us
to
take
13.At
present,
lots
of
people
would
rather
in
the
country
because
there
is
pollution
in
the
city.
A.
live;
more
B.
to
live;
less
C.
live;
less
D.
to
live;
more
14.
It
was
dark
outside.
Sue
decided
to
the
bank
alone.
A.
not
going
B.
going
not
C.
not
to
go
D.
to
not
go
15.David
said
that
the
glass
was
broken
and
warned
me
__________
it.
A.
don't
touch
B.
to
not
touch
C.
not
to
touch
D.
no
touching
16.
We
must
do
everything
we
can
______waste
water
from
running
into
rivers
.
A.
prevent
B.
prevented
C.
preventing
D.
to
prevent
17.---What
are
you
going
to
do
when
you
grow
up?
---A
singer,
but
my
parents
wish
me
_________
a
teacher.
A.
am
B.
to
be
C.
will
be
D.
be
18
---
Some
children
can't
afford
________
necessary
stationary.
---
Let's
donate
our
pocket
money
to
them.
A.
buy
B.
buying
C.
to
buy
D.
be
bought
19.
---What
should
we
take
when
going
birdwatching?
---We
should
take
a
pair
of
binoculars
____________the
birds
clearly.
A.
see
B.seeing
C.to
see
D.sees
20.
He
______
dinner
at
restaurants
last
year,
but
now
he
usually
comes
tack
home
after
work
and
cooks
supper
for
his
family.
A.
used
to
have
B.
is
used
to
have
C.
was
used
to
have
D.
is
used
to
having
21.
Spring
Bud
Project
is
an
organization
that
raises
money
poor
young
girls
return
to
school.
A.
to
save
B.
saving
C.
helping
D.
to
help
22.
---Does
your
aunt
only
have
a
piece
of
bread
for
supper?
---Yes.
She
eats
a
little
.She
looks
slimmer
than
before.
A.
to
save
money
B.
to
lose
weight
C.
saving
money
D.
losing
weight
23.
Our
country
encourages
more
students
football.
Now
many
football
clubs
have
been
set
up
in
schools.
A.
play
B.
playing
C.
to
play
D.
will
play
【参考答案】
1.C【解析】不定式用作主语，表示做某事对某人来说怎们样。
2.D【解析】此题考查句型It’s+adj.+for
sb.+to
do
sth.。
3.D【解析】此题考查句型It’s+adj.+of
sb.+to
do
sth.。
4.A【解析】would
like
to
do
sth.表示“想要做某事”。
5.B【解析】此题考查it作形式主语的用法：find+it+adj.+to
do
sth。.
6.B【解析】此题考查it作形式主语的用法：think+it+adj.+to
do
sth.。
7.B【解析】这里动词不定式to
visit
my
grandparents用作目的状语。
8.A【解析】（这里动词不定式to
live
well用作目的状语。
9.C【解析】（此题考查特殊疑问词+不定式的用法。
10.A【解析】（此题考查特殊疑问词+不定式的用法。
11.B【解析】（此题考查特殊疑问词+不定式的用法。
12.D【解析】此题考查句型：It's+adj.+for
sb.+to
do
sth.。
13.C【解析】第一空考查would
rather
do
sth.“宁愿做某事”，第二空表示“农村有更少的污染”。
14.C【解析】decide
not
to
do
sth.表示“决定不做某事”。
15.C【解析】warn
sb.
not
to
do
sth.表示“警告某人不要做某事”。
16.D【解析】此处动词不定式to
prevent
waste
water
from
running
into
rivers用作目的状语。
17.B【解析】wish
sb.
to
do
sth.表示“希望某人做某事”。
18.C【解析】afford
to
do
sth.表示“付得起、承担得起……”。
19.C【解析】这里动词不定式to
see
the
birds
clearly用作目的状语。
20.A【解析】used
to
do
sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。
21.D【解析】此处动词不定式to
help
young
girls
return
to
school用作目的状语。
22.B【解析】动词不定式to
lose
weight用作目的状语。
23.C【解析】encourange
sb.
to
do
sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”。
（三）动名词专题训练
【专题训练】
1.
Don't
throw
away
the
waste
paper.
It
needs__________so
that
it
can
be
reused.
A.
to
destroy
B.
destroying
C.
to
collect
D.
collecting
2.
I
heard
Tom
________
when
I
walked
past
his
room
yesterday.
A.
sing
B.
singing
C.
to
sing
D.
sang
3.I'm
sleepy.
I
prefer
__________
at
home
to
going
out
for
a
walk.
A.
sleeping
B.
to
sleep
C.
slept
D.
sleep
4.—It
is
getting
cold.
Would
you
mind
________
the
window?
—Of
course
not.
A.
closing
B.
to
close
C.
closed
5.Would
you
mind
________
down
the
music?
It’s
too
noisy.
A.
to
turn
B.
turning
C.
turn
6.
As
we
all
know,
a
person
learns
many
things
by
making
mistakes
and
________
them.
A.
corrects
B.
correct
C.
to
correct
D.
correcting
7.—I’m
Daisy,
not
Jessie.
—Sorry,
I
have
difficulty
________
people’s
names.
A.
remembering
B.
remember
C.
to
remember
D.
remembered
8.I
can’t
stand
________
in
public.
A.
smoking
B.
to
smoke
C.
smoke
D.
smokes
9.—Mr.
Wang,
I
have
trouble
________
the
text.
Could
you
help
me?
—Certainly.
First,
remember
________
it
three
times
at
least.
Then,
I
will
tell
you
more.
A.
to
understand;
reading
B.
understanding;
reading
C.
understanding;
to
read
D.
to
understand;
to
read
10.—Is
Tom
in
the
next
room?
—Well,
it’s
hard
to
say.
But
I
heard
him
________
loudly
when
I
passed
by
just
now.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
spoken
D.
speaking
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
He
didn’t
finish
(read)
the
book
until
last
week.
11.
She
couldn’t
help
(smile)
at
the
words.
12.
Would
you
mind
my
(open)
the
windows?
13.
It’s
no
use
(ask)
him
about
it.
14.
The
boy
kept
(wait)
outside
the
hole
for
about
ten
minutes.
15.
Every
morning
my
grandpa
spends
half
an
hour
(water)
the
flowers.
16.
We’re
so
much
looking
forward
to
(see)
you
again.
17.
I
can
read
many
books
every
month,
and
I
think
most
of
them
are
worth
(read).
【参考答案】
1.D【解析】need
collecting相当于need
to
be
collected，表示“需要被收集”。
2.B【解析】hear
sb.
doing
sth.表示“听到某人正在做某事”。
3.A【解析】prefer
doing
sth.
to
doing
sth.表示“同做某事比起来更喜欢做某事”。
4.
A【解析】句意：——天变冷了。你介意我关上窗户吗？——当然不介意。mind
doing
sth.介意做某事。
5.B【解析】考查动名词。句意：你介意把音乐的音量调小一些吗？太吵了。A.
to
turn
不定式；B.
turning
动名词（或现在分词）；C.
turn.动词原形。mind.意为"介意；在乎"后面只能跟动名词作宾语，故选B。
6.
D【解析】句意：我们都知道，一个人通过犯错误和改正错误可以学到很多东西。考查动名词。And连接两个并列的成分，由前面的making可知此处形式应与其一致，即doing形式；结合选项，可知D选项符合题意，故选D。
7.
A【解析】句意：——我是Daisy，不是Jessie。——对不起，我在记住人名上有困难。remembering记住，是动名词形式；remember动词原形；to
remember动词不定式；remembered过去式。这句话中使用了句型have
difficulty
doing
sth.，做某事有困难，因此这里应用ing形式，选A。
8.
A【解析】句意：我不能忍受在公众场合吸烟。smoking吸烟，是动名词形式；to
smoke动词不定式；smoke吸烟，动词原形；smokes是动词的第三人称单数形式。句中使用了句型can’t
stand
doing
sth.不能忍受做某事，故这里应选A。
9.
C【解析】句意：——王老师，我在理解课文上有困难，你能帮助我吗？——当然了，首先记住至少要读三遍；然后我再告诉你更多。to
understand动词不定式形式，理解；understanding动名词形式；reading阅读，动名词形式；to
read动词不定式。第一个空考查了句型have
trouble
doing
sth.做某事有困难，所以应用动名词形式，先排除A和D；第二个空前的动词remember有两个句型，remember
to
do
sth.记得去做某事（还没有做）；remember
doing
sth.记得做过某事。根据句意可知，这里应表示＂记得去做＂，用动词不定式，故应选C。
10.
D【解析】答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
reading
2.
smiling
3.
opening
4.
asking
5.
waiting
6.
watering
7.
seeing
8.
reading
（四）现在分词”和“过去分词专题训练
【专题训练】
1.Do
you
know
the
girl
under
the
tree?
A.standing
B.
stands
C.
stand
D.
stood
2.I
bought
a
table
.
A.
making
of
wood
B.
made
of
wood
C.
makes
of
wood
D.
make
of
wood
3.This
is
a
book
from
the
library.
A.borrowing
B.
borrows
C.
borrow
D.
borrowed
4.That
film
is
very
.
A.
interesting
B.
interest
C.
interested
D.
interests
5.Tom
felt
when
he
saw
a
snake.
A.
frightened
B.
frightening
C.
frighten
D.
frightens
6.They
got
after
they
heard
the
good
news.
A.
excite
B.
excites
C.
excited
D.
exciting
7.The
students
went
out
of
the
classroom,
.
A.
laughing
and
sing
B.
laughing
and
singing
C.
laughed
and
sung
D.
laughing
and
sung
8.
,
the
village
is
beautiful.
A.
Seeing
from
the
mountain
B.
Seen
from
the
mountain
C.
See
from
the
mountain
D.
Sees
from
the
mountain
9.
,
he
jumped
up.
A.
Hearing
this
B.
Hear
this
C.
Hears
this
D.
Heard
this
【参考答案】
1.A【解析】（此处现在分词短语standing
under
the
tree用作定语）
2.B【解析】（此处过去分词短语made
of
wood用作定语）
3.D【解析】（此处过去分词短语borrowed
from
the
library用作定语）
4.A【解析】（interesting表示“有趣的”，强调某个物体很有趣）
5.A【解析】（frightened表示“感到害怕的”，强调某个人感到害怕）
6.C【解析】（excited表示“感到兴奋的”，强调某人感到兴奋）
7.B【解析】（此处现在分词laughing
and
singing表示伴随状况，作伴随状语）
8.B【解析】（此处过去分词短语seen
from
the
mountain用来作状语）
9.A【解析】（此处现在分词短语hearing
this用来作状语）
综合模拟训练
一、选择最佳答案
1.
I’ll
do
what
I
can
________
you.
A.
help
B.
for
help
C.
helps
D.
to
help
2.
How
________
did
it
take
the
sculptors
________
a
model?
—About
3
months.
A.
long;
finishing
B.
often;
to
finish
C.
far;
to
finish
D.
long;
to
finish
3.
We
are
glad
that
more
attention
has
been
paid
________
the
air
around
us.
A.
to
improve
B.
to
to
improve
C.
to
improving
D.
to
to
imporving
4.—Do
you
prefer
________
basketball
with
me?
—No,
I’d
rather
stay
at
home
and
watch
TV.
A.
play
B.
to
play
C.
playing
D.
played
5.
It’s
reported
that
China
plans
________
Hainan
into
a
new
free
trade
port
by
2025.
A.
build
B.
to
build
C.
building
6.
________
baseball
game,
you
need
to
go
to
the
Yankee
Stadium.
A.
To
watch
B.
After
playing
C.
Before
buying
D.
Looking
at
7.—Thanks
a
lot
for
going
out
of
your
way
________
me.
—It’s
my
pleasure.
A.
help
B.
helping
C.
helped
D.
to
help
8.
Why
not
________
an
English
Club
to
practice
________?
A.
to
join;
speaking
B.
join;
speaking
C.
join;
to
speak
D.
to
join;
to
speak
9.—Is
Tom
in
the
next
room?
—Well,
it’s
hard
to
say.
But
I
heard
him
________
loudly
when
I
passed
by
just
now.
A.
speak
B.
to
speak
C.
spoken
D.
speaking
10.
I
learn
English
by
________
aloud.
A.
read
B.
to
read
C.
read
to
D.
reading
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
He
didn’t
finish
(read)
the
book
until
last
week.
2.
There
must
be
something
wrong
with
my
TV
set.
I’ll
have
it
(repair).
3.
She
couldn’t
help
(smile)
at
the
words.
4.
Would
you
mind
my
(open)
the
windows?
5.
It’s
no
use
(ask)
him
about
it.
6.
The
boy
kept
(wait)
outside
the
hole
for
about
ten
minutes.
7.
Every
morning
my
grandpa
spends
half
an
hour
(water)
the
flowers.
8.
We’re
so
much
looking
forward
to
(see)
you
again.
9.
I
can
read
many
books
every
month,
and
I
think
most
of
them
are
worth
(read).
10.
This
problem
is
a
bit
hard.
Let
me
(think)it
over.
11.
Who
can
make
the
child
(stop)
crying?
12.
Did
you
have
your
homework
(finish)?
13、He
wants
______(travel)
around
the
world.
14、We
decide
_____(plan)
for
our
summer
holiday.
15、He
finds
it
hard
________(catch
up
with)
his
classmates.
三、词语运用
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremain
A
cook
was
caught
1
(smoke)
red-handed
and
the
owner
of
the
restaurant
made
him
2
(hit)
on
road
immediately.
With
so
many
staff
3
(look)
at
him
,he
felt
very
embarrassed
.
His
colleagues
found
it
right
for
him
4
(punish),
because
the
lighted
cigarette
ends
could
cause
the
whole
restaurant
5
(catch)
fire.
The
cook
begged
the
owner
to
give
him
the
last
chance
.
The
owner
eventually
had
him
6
(apologize)
and
got
him
9
(fine).The
cook
was
allowed
10
(remain).
Now,
he
is
seen
11
(mop)
the
floors
hard
and
I
notice
many
customers
passing
him
.He
is
listen
to
to
remind
them
14
(mind)the
sign,
reading
“NO
SMOKING
!”
I
hear
a
voice
in
my
heart
saying
“respect
yourself
and
you
will
feel
valued.”
四、完形填空
In?the?Quality?Education?Month?of?Shanghai?Yangpu?District,?the?visitors?were?attracted?by?a
Chinese
class?of
grade?two?in?the?Primary?School?under?shanghai?No.?2?Normal?School.
When
class?began,
the
teacher
truned?on
TV?instead?of?__1__?the?pupils?to?open?their
textbooks.
On
the
TV__2__?a?cartoon.
With?the?cartoon?__3__on,
the
teacher
kept
asking
questions.?"What
does?the?little
___4__
dog?look
like?“?How?is?his?expression?”and“what
lady?Silk?worm?doing?
The?pupils?watched?carefully
and___5__their?hands___6__
the
questions?one?after?another.
After
___7__a?few?times?and?___8__
about?it?together,the?pupils
handed?in?a?short?composition
___9__"
The?little?Spotted?Dog?Guards?the?House”.
Much?to?the?surprise?of?the?visitors,?the?cartoon?shown?on?TV?was?designed?and?made?by?the?They?help?the
pupils?to?understand?the?difficult?points?in?the?texts,
___10___
their?imagination?and
improve?their
oral
ability.
1.A.?having?asking
B.
asking
C.?to?ask
D.?being?asking
2.?A?appeared
B?appearing
C.?appear
D?appears
3.?A.to?go
B?going
C.?went
D.?had?gone
4.?A.?spotting
B.spotted
C.being?spotted
D.is?spotted
5.A.
put
up
B.?putted
up
C.?putting
up
D.put
down
6.A.?to?answer
B.?for?answering
C.?and?answering
D.?to?answering
7.A.watched
B.watching
C.?having?watched
D.?watches
8.A?talked
B.?having?talked
C.?talk
D.?talking
9.A.titled
B.?being
titled
C.?have?titled
D.?titling
10.?A.enrich
B.to
enrich
C.?enriched
D?enriching
【参考答案】
一、选择最佳答案
1.
D【解析】句意：我将做我所能做的来帮助你。不定式在这里作目的状语；故选D。
2.
D【解析】句意：——完成一个模型需要花费雕塑家多少时间？——大约3个月。How
long提问时间多久，how
far提问距离＂多远＂，句型it
take
sb
+时间+to
do意为＂花费某人……时间去做……＂，所以第二空应该使用不定式形式to
finish（完成），故选D。
3.
C【解析】句意：我们很高兴人们对我们周围的空气给予了更多的关注。to
improve动词不定式；to
to
improve第一个to是短语pay
attention
to；第二个to是动词不定式的符号；to
improving是介词to后跟动名词；to
to
improving形式错误。这个题目考查了短语pay
attention
to…注意……，to是介词，后面跟动名词形式，所以选C。
4.
B【解析】句意：——你愿意和我打篮球吗？
——不，我宁愿待在家里看电视。这里是考查动词prefer的用法prefer后有两种形式，一种是prefer
sth./doing
sth.宁愿/更喜欢做某事,
第二种是prefer
to
do
sth.意思是＂愿意做某事＂。从语境可知这里想表达的是愿意做某事，所以用prefer
to
play，故选B。
5.
B【解析】句意：据报道，中国计划在2025年底前把海南建成一个新的自由贸易港。考查动词形式辨析题。plan
to
do打算/计划做某事，固定短语。根据句意语境，可知选B。
6.
A【解析】句意：为了看棒球，你需要去洋基体育场。此处动词不定式短语作目的状语。
7.
D【解析】句意：——非常感谢你能专门来帮助我。——这是我的荣幸。此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选D。
8.
B【解析】句意：为什么不加入一个英语俱乐部来练习口语呢？提建议句型＂为什么不做某事＂(why
not
do
sth.)；练习做某事(practice
doing
sth.)；故选B。
9.
D【解析】答语句意：我刚刚经过时，听见他在大声说话。强调动作正在进行用现在分词。
10.
B【解析】句意：我通过大声阅读来学习英语。by
doing
sth.通过做某事，by后加动名词。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.
reading
2.
repaired
3.
smiling
4.
opening
5.
asking
6.
waiting
7.
watering
8.
seeing
9.
reading
10.
think
11.
stop
12.
finished
13.to
travel
14.to
plan
15.to
catch
up
with
三、1.smoking
2.hit
3.looking
4.to
be
punished
5.to
catch
6.apologize
7.fined
8.to
remain
9.mopping
10.
to
mind
四、1—5BABBA
6—10ABDAA
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