(共11张PPT)
第十一讲 动词的语态
中考一轮复习3+2 全国版
动词的语态主要在选择填空中考查。考查点为：①一般过去时的被动语态。②一般现在时的被动语态。③一般将来时的被动语态。选项设置包含① 3个语态＋1个时态；② 3个时态＋1个语态；③ 2个时态＋2个语态。考生在做此类试题时，可遵循以下解题步骤：
第一步：如果选项是时态与语态混合考查，先根据语境及所给时间状语，判断本句时态。第二步：根据题干中的标志词by或主谓之间的关系，确定使用“主动”还是“被动”。
（1）若题干中含有“by sb”，可直接判定使用被动语态。
（2）若题干中没有提示词by，则根据主语和谓语的逻辑关系来判定。
①当主语是人时，谓语动词的动作由主语发出，则用主动语态；反之，则用被动语态。
②当主语是物时，谓语动词通常要用被动语态。如：
第三步：应熟记几种常考的被动语态的构成，从而选取正确答案。
考情小结
思维导图
命题点一 常考被动语态的结构
语态 结构 例句
一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/ are＋done The classroom is cleaned by students every day.学生们每天都打扫教室。
一般过去时的被动语态 was/were ＋done The door was locked when we arrived， so we rang the bell.当我们到达的时候门是锁着的，所以我们按了门铃。
考点透析
语态 结构 例句
一般将来时的被动语态 will/shall/ be going to＋be＋done The bridge will be finished in a month.这座桥将在一个月后竣工。
现在完成时的被动语态 have/has been＋done His homework has been finished.他的作业完成了。
含情态动词的被动语态 情态动词＋ be＋done These books can be put in these boxes.这些书可以被放进这些盒子里。
命题点一 常考被动语态的结构
考点透析
主动语态变被动语态的方法
命题点一 常考被动语态的结构
考点透析
使用被动语态的情况
（1）不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：The telephone was invented in 1876.
电话是1876年发明的。
（2）没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：Rubbish should be sorted and recycled.垃圾应该分类回收。
（3）需要强调和突出动作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人在讲汉语。
（4）句子的主语是物。如：Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
命题点二 被动语态的易考点
考点透析
主动结构表被动意义的情况
（1）open， lock， write， read， sell， clean， watch， cut， burn， drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
（2）look， sound， taste， smell， prove等系动词没有被动结构，故用主动结构表被动意义。如：My advice proved to be wrong.我的建议被证明是错误的。
命题点二 被动语态的易考点
考点透析
命题点二 被动语态的易考点
（3）be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。如：The movie is really worth watching. 这部电影确实是值得一看。
（4）want/need/require＋doing相当于want/need/require＋to be done。to be done为不定式的被动结构。如：
Your bedroom needs cleaning right now.＝Your bedroom needs to be cleaned right now.你的房间需要立马打扫。
典例1：（ ）（2020湘西）11.Aizhai Great Bridge ___________ in March 2012
and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.
A. was built B. built C. is built
【解析】句意：矮寨大桥2012年3月建成，它是亚洲最高的大桥之一。考查动词的时态和语态。was built动词的一般过去时的被动；built动词的过去式；is built动词的一般现在时的被动。根据“in March 2012”可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时态；主语Aizhai Great Bridge和动词之间是被动关系，表示“被建”用was built。故选A。
考点突破
A
举一反三
（ ）（2020恩施）14.Labor can create wealth and at the same time beauty_____ by labor, too.
A. making B. made C. is made
【解析】句意：劳动可以创造财富，同时美丽也由劳动创造。考查被动语态。making制造，动名词或现在分词形式；made是make的过去式或过去分词形式；is made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句子结构和句意可知，句中and连接并列句，beauty与动词之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，A和B都不是被动语态。故选C。
C
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【备考2021】中考英语复习三年中考两年模拟 (被动语态)原卷
（ ）1.（2020湘西）11.Aizhai Great Bridge ___________ in March 2012 and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.
A. was built B. built C. is built
（ ）2.（2020益阳）9.A 3-kilometer-long bridge ________ in our hometown three years ago.
A. has built B. is built C. was built
（ ）3.（2020重庆）7.Another bridge over the Jialing River________last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
（ ）4.（2020重庆）7.When I was young, I ________ by my grandparents.
A. look after B. looked after C. am looked after D. was looked after
（ ）5.（2020恩施）14.Labor can create wealth and at the same time beauty_____ by labor, too.
A. making B. made C. is made
（ ）6.（2020邵阳）5.—A new airport will be buit in Tantou, Longhui.
—Good news! But a lot of good farmland __________.
A. will waste B. may be wasted C. has wasted
（ ）7.（2020江西）8.You ____ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A. give B. will give C. are given D. have given
（ ）8.（2020青海）—What do you know about the earthquake happened in the morning
—The wounded people ________ to the hospital in time.
A. are brought B. were brought C. will be brought
（ ）9.（2020镇江）8.It is reported that the Tokyo 2020 Olympics_____ no later than summer 2021.
A. is held B. will be held C. will hold D. hold
（ ）10.（2020南通）7.As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A. are raised B. were raised C. raised D. have raised
（ ）11.（2020南京）12.Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai ________ to be separated into four different groups.
A. is requiring B. is required C. was required D. required
（ ）12.（2020襄阳）14.— Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone
— Because it ___________ by Huawei last week.
A. was produced B. would produce C. have produced D. was producing
（ ）13.（2020牡丹江、鸡西）15.—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. had killed B. killed C. were killed
（ ）14.（2020广西北部湾）9.In 1958, pinyin ________by Chinese linguist(语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team.
A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed
（ ）15.（2020滨州）9.—Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday
—Well, if I________, I will go on time.
A. invite B. will invite C. am invited D. will be invited
（ ）16.（2020鄂州）13.—Mr. White, when shall I hand in my report
—As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. is finished
（ ）17.（2020丹东）13.Basketball________ in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.
A. plays B. is played C. was played D. played
（ ）18.（2020盐城）8.It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway in December, 2020.
A. complete B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed
（ ）19.（2020无锡）7.The bush fires in Australia ________ after a few months, leaving millions of animals dead.
A. were run out B. run out C. were put out D. put out
（ ）20.(2020江苏连云港)8.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. offered C. are offering D. are offered
（ ）21.(2020湖北武汉)11.—Do you need any help
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A. have offered B. have been offered C. were offered D. were offering
（ ）22.（2020湖北孝感）4.— The 2022 Winter Olympic Games __________ in Beijing.
— What good news! I can’t wait to watch it.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
（ ）23.(2020绥化)18.The old lady __________ the hospital in time at last.
A. is taken to B. took to C. was taken to
（ ）24.(2020河北)7.Train tickets online. It is convenient.
A. sold B. were sold C. are sold D. have sold
（ ）25.(2020哈尔滨)14.— What language ________ in Canada
—Both English and French.
A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking
（ ）26.(2020贵州铜仁)32.—China is getting stronger and stronger.
—Yes. So Chinese________ by more and more foreigners.
A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned
（ ）27.(2020贵州黔西南州)13.A number of volunteers will ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. be needed B. are needed C. are needing D. be needing
（ ）28.(2020贵州黔南州)8.With the development of China, Chinese __________ by more and more people in the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking
（ ）29.(2020贵州安顺)7.— Krystal, do you know how tea is produced
— Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then _____ for processing.
A. send B. are sent C. were sent
（ ）30.(2020北京）11.The kite ________ in China more than 2000 years ago.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
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【备考2021】中考英语复习三年中考两年模拟 (被动语态)解析卷
（ ）1.（2020湘西）11.Aizhai Great Bridge ___________ in March 2012 and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.
A. was built B. built C. is built
【答案】A
【解析】句意：矮寨大桥2012年3月建成，它是亚洲最高的大桥之一。考查动词的时态和语态。was built动词的一般过去时的被动；built动词的过去式；is built动词的一般现在时的被动。根据“in March 2012”可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时态；主语Aizhai Great Bridge和动词之间是被动关系，表示“被建”用was built。故选A。
（ ）2.（2020益阳）9.A 3-kilometer-long bridge ________ in our hometown three years ago.
A. has built B. is built C. was built
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们家乡三年前建了一座3公里长桥。考查一般过去时的被动语态。build建造。has built现在完成时；is built一般现在时的被动语态；was built一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“A 3-kilometer-long bridge”与动词build之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态；结合时间状语“three years ago”可知是一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
（ ）3.（2020重庆）7.Another bridge over the Jialing River________last year.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：去年在嘉陵江上又建了一座桥。考查动词的时态和被动语态。builds动词第三人称单数形式，修建；built是build的过去式或过去分词形式；is built是一般现在时的被动语态；was built是一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语Another bridge与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A和B；再由句中的时间last year可知，应用一般过去时。故选D。
（ ）4.（2020重庆）7.When I was young, I ________ by my grandparents.
A. look after B. looked after C. am looked after D. was looked after
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我小的时候，我是由祖父母照顾的。考查一般过去时被动语态。look after一般现在时；looked after一般过去时；am looked after一般现在时被动语态；was looked after一般过去时被动语态。when引导时间状语从句，从句中was是一般过去时，主句也用一般过去时。主句中by my grandparents是被动语态的标志词，所以此空格应填一般过去时被动语态，故选D。
（ ）5.（2020恩施）14.Labor can create wealth and at the same time beauty_____ by labor, too.
A. making B. made C. is made
【答案】C
【解析】句意：劳动可以创造财富，同时美丽也由劳动创造。考查被动语态。making制造，动名词或现在分词形式；made是make的过去式或过去分词形式；is made一般现在时的被动语态。根据句子结构和句意可知，句中and连接并列句，beauty与动词之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，A和B都不是被动语态。故选C。
（ ）6.（2020邵阳）5.—A new airport will be buit in Tantou, Longhui.
—Good news! But a lot of good farmland __________.
A. will waste B. may be wasted C. has wasted
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——隆回滩头将建一个新机场。——好消息！但是很多好的农田可能被浪费了。考查被动语态。will waste会浪费，一般将来时的主动语态；may be wasted可能被浪费，情态动词下的被动语态；has wasted已经浪费了，现在完成时的主动语态。根据语境可知，建新机场，农田会被浪费，“农田”是动作“浪费”的承受者，故本句应为被动语态，结合选项可知B选项符合题意。故选B。
（ ）7.（2020江西）8.You ____ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A. give B. will give C. are given D. have given
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你在学校吃午餐。因此你不用自带食物了。考查一般现在时被动语态。give给，是动词原形；will give一般将来时；are given一般现在时的被动语态；have given现在完成时。根据句意可知，该句主语You和动词give之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选C。
（ ）8.（2020青海）—What do you know about the earthquake happened in the morning
—The wounded people ________ to the hospital in time.
A. are brought B. were brought C. will be brought
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——关于早上发生的地震你知道些什么？——受伤的人被及时送到医院。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。bring带……到某处。are brought一般现在时的被动语态；were brought一般过去时的被动语态；will be brought一般将来时的被动语态。三个选项都是被动语态，结合题干中“What do you know about the earthquake happened in the morning ”可知是询问过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
（ ）9.（2020镇江）8.It is reported that the Tokyo 2020 Olympics_____ no later than summer 2021.
A. is held B. will be held C. will hold D. hold
【答案】B
【解析】句意：据报道东京2020年奥运会将不迟于2021年举办。考查动词的时态和语态。is held一般现在时的被动；will be held动词的一般将来时的被动；will hold一般将来时；hold动词原形。根据“no later than summer 2021”可知是将来的动作，动词用一般将来时，主语Olympics与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，表示“被举办”用will be held。故选B。
（ ）10.（2020南通）7.As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A. are raised B. were raised C. raised D. have raised
【答案】B
【解析】句意：书一被筹集好，志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。A. are raised表一般现在时被动语态；B. were raised表一般过去时被动语态；C. raised表一般过去时；D. have raised表现在完成时。从句主语books和谓语raise之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，C、D选项可排除。根据英语语法，as soon as引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时或过去完成时。该句主句为一般过去时，故从句应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
（ ）11.（2020南京）12.Now waste from daily life in the city of Shanghai ________ to be separated into four different groups.
A. is requiring B. is required C. was required D. required
【答案】B
【解析】句意：现在，上海市日常生活垃圾被要求分为四类。考查被动语态。is requiring要求，现在进行时；is required被要求，一般现在时的被动语态；was required被要求，一般过去时的被动语态；required要求，一般过去时；根据句意理解可知，句子主语waste与谓语动词require之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态；句中的时间是now，所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
（ ）12.（2020襄阳）14.— Why have I never seen this kind of 5G mobile phone
— Because it ___________ by Huawei last week.
A. was produced B. would produce C. have produced D. was producing
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——为什么我从来没见过这种5G手机？——因为它是上周由华为生产的。
考查动词时态及被动语态。was produced一般过去时的被动语态；would produce过去将来时的主动语态；have produced现在完成时的主动语态；was producing过去进行时的主动语态。“手机”和“华为”之间是被动关系，即手机被华为生产，故本句为被动语态。根据句中last week可知，本句时态为一般过去时，即一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
（ ）13.（2020牡丹江、鸡西）15.—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. had killed B. killed C. were killed
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——据报道31名勇敢的年轻人在四川的一场森林大火中丧生。——我不知道他们是谁，但是我知道他们为了谁。考查被动语态。had killed过去完成时；killed杀死，过去式或过去分词形式；were killed 一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知，that从句中的主语31 of the brave young men与动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，A和B都不对。故选C。
（ ）14.（2020广西北部湾）9.In 1958, pinyin ________by Chinese linguist(语言学家)Zhou Youguang and his team.
A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：1958年，中国语言学家周有光和他的团队设计了拼音。考查一般过去时的被动语态。designs一般现在时的第三人称单数；designed一般过去时；is designed一般现在时的被动语态；was designed一般过去时的被动语态。根据In 1958,可知句子时态用一般过去时；而且句子的主语pinyin与谓语动词design是被动关系，所以应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，用was，design的过去分词是designed；故答案选D。
（ ）15.（2020滨州）9.—Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday
—Well, if I________, I will go on time.
A. invite B. will invite C. am invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——下星期天你会去丽莎的乔迁派对吗？——嗯，如果我被邀请，我会准时去的。考查被动语态。invite邀请，动词原形；will invite动词一般将来形式；am invited一般现在时的被动语态；will be invited一般将来时的被动语态。根据空前主语I与选项动词invite，结合语境可知，主语I和选项动词invite之间是被动关系，表示“被邀请”，因此用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时，因此从句用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成是am/is/are done，主语是I，所以此处用am invited。故选C。
（ ）16.（2020鄂州）13.—Mr. White, when shall I hand in my report
—As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. is finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——怀特先生，我什么时候交报告？——明天一完成就交。考查一般现在时的被动语态。finish完成。finishes动词的第三人称单数形式；will finish一般将来时；will be finished一般将来时的被动语态；is finished一般现在时的被动语态。as soon as意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，句中为避免重复省略了主句，从句用一般现在时；主语it与动词finish之间是动宾关系，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done，D项符合题意。故选D。
（ ）17.（2020丹东）13.Basketball________ in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.
A. plays B. is played C. was played D. played
【答案】C
【解析】句意：篮球运动于1891年开始。然后在1936年的柏林，它成为了奥运会的一个项目。考查被动语态。plays玩，动词三单；is played被玩，一般现在时的被动结构；was played被玩，一般过去时的被动结构；played玩，过去式；根据句意理解可知，句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动结构，所以排除A/ D选项，再由句中的时间in 1891可知，这里应该用过去时的被动，结构是“was/ were+过去分词”；故选C。
（ ）18.（2020盐城）8.It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway in December, 2020.
A. complete B. is completed C. was completed D. will be completed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：据了解，盐城至南通高速铁路将于2020年12月建成。考查被动语态。complete完成，动词原形；is completed一般现在时的被动语态；was completed一般过去时的被动语态；will be completed一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句主语Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway与动词complete是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A；再根据句中的in December, 2020可知是将来的一个时间，因此应用一般将来时态。故选D。
（ ）19.（2020无锡）7.The bush fires in Australia ________ after a few months, leaving millions of animals dead.
A. were run out B. run out C. were put out D. put out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：澳大利亚的丛林大火在几个月后被扑灭，造成了数以百万计的动物死亡。
考查一般过去时的被动语态及动词短语辨析。run out耗尽；put out扑灭。根据句意可知，这里指的是大火被扑灭，又因讲的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
（ ）20.(2020江苏连云港)8.In Miss Lin’s class, many chances ___________ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. offered C. are offering D. are offered
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在林老师的班上，学生们有很多互相学习的机会。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. offer动词原形；B. offered过去式；C. are offering现在进行时；D. are offered一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，chances和谓语offer之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，故选D。
（ ）21.(2020湖北武汉)11.—Do you need any help
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A. have offered B. have been offered C. were offered D. were offering
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你需要帮助吗？——不，谢谢。自去年以来，我们得到了许多支持。
考查现在完成时的被动语态。offer提供。have offered现在完成时；have been offered现在完成时的被动语态；were offered一般过去时的被动语态；were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动词offer之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态，结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offered。故选B。
（ ）22.（2020湖北孝感）4.— The 2022 Winter Olympic Games __________ in Beijing.
— What good news! I can’t wait to watch it.
A. hold B. will hold C. were held D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。 ——多好的消息啊！我等不及要看了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。A. hold动词原形；B. will hold表一般将来时；C. were held表一般过去时的被动语态；D. will be held表一般将来时的被动语态。根据句中2022提示，该冬奥会还未举办，故应用将来时，A、C选项可排除。根据句意可知，主语The 2022 Winter Olympic Games和谓语hold之间为被动关系，即“被举办”，故选D。
（ ）23.(2020绥化)18.The old lady __________ the hospital in time at last.
A. is taken to B. took to C. was taken to
【答案】C
【解析】句意：那位老妇人最后被及时送往医院。考查一般过去时被动语态。is taken to一般现在时被动语态；took to一般过去时；was taken to一般过去时被动语态。根据句子结构，主语old lady与谓语动词take之间是被动关系，且“被及时送往医院”这个事情发生在过去，所以此空应填一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构。主语old lady是单数，所以空格处填was taken to。故选C。
（ ）24.(2020河北)7.Train tickets online. It is convenient.
A. sold B. were sold C. are sold D. have sold
【答案】C
【解析】句意：火车票在网上销售。它很方便。考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，“火车票”和“销售”之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故排除A、D；根据“It is convenient.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故选C。
（ ）25.(2020哈尔滨)14.— What language ________ in Canada
—Both English and French.
A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——加拿大说什么语言？——英语和法语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A：一般现在时的被动语态；B：一般现在时的动词三单；C：现在进行时。分析语意可知，此处陈述事实，时态是一般现在时，又因为主语language是动作speak的承受者，所以使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
（ ）26.(2020贵州铜仁)32.—China is getting stronger and stronger.
—Yes. So Chinese________ by more and more foreigners.
A. learn B. learned C. is learned D. was learned
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——中国正在变得越来越强大。——没错，所以中文被越来越多的外国人学习。考查时态语态。learn，学习，动词原形；learned一般过去时；is learned一般现在时被动；was learned一般过去时被动。根据by可知，中文是被学习，用被动语态。再由“China is getting stronger”可知，是现在被学习而不是过去，故选C。
（ ）27.(2020贵州黔西南州)13.A number of volunteers will ________ for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A. be needed B. are needed C. are needing D. be needing
【答案】A
【解析】句意：2022年北京冬奥会需要一批志愿者。考查被动语态。主语volunteers与谓语need之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态，C、D选项可排除。空格前为will，故应用will be needed结构。故选A。
（ ）28.(2020贵州黔南州)8.With the development of China, Chinese __________ by more and more people in the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. speak D. is speaking
【答案】B
【解析】句意：随着中国的发展，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。speaks讲，说某种语言，动词三单形式；is spoken被讲；speak讲，说某种语言，动词；is speaking正在讲，现在进行时，由主语Chinese，可知此处Chinese为名词，意为“汉语”，动词短语“speak+某种语言”意为“讲某种语言”，其被动语态为“be spoken”，本句时态为一般现在时，故选B。
（ ）29.(2020贵州安顺)7.— Krystal, do you know how tea is produced
— Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then ________ for processing.
A. send B. are sent C. were sent
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——克里斯托，你知道茶叶是怎么生产的吗？ ——是的。茶叶准备好后，用手采摘，然后送去加工。考查一般现在时的被动语态。A. send动词原形；B. are sent一般现在时的被动语态；C. were sent一般过去时的被动语态。根据前半句they are picked by和常识可知，茶叶的加工生产都是人来操作的，故茶叶与动词send之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
（ ）30.(2020北京）11.The kite ________ in China more than 2000 years ago.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
【答案】D
【解析】句意：风筝是中国在2000多年前发明的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。invent发明。invents动词的第三人称单数形式；invented动词的过去式；is invented一般现在时的被动语态；was invented一般过去时的被动语态。题中主语“The kite”与动词invent之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态；结合题干中时间状语“2000 years ago”可知要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选D。
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