Unit 9 When was it invented?同步授课教案、背景介绍、语法突破、同步练习

九年级英语教案
Unit 9 When was it invented
课型: 新授 执笔：龚琴 审稿：初三英语学科组
文化背景
发明大王 爱迪生，英文姓氏: Thomas Alva Edison。举世闻名的美国电学家和发明家，被誉为“世界发明大王”，一生中的发明有１０００多项。他除了在留声机、电灯、电话、电报、电影等方面的发明和贡献以外，在矿业、建筑业、化工等领域也有不少著名的创造和真知灼见。爱迪生一生共有约两千项创造发明，为人类的文明和进步作出了巨大的贡献。 　　
爱迪生同时也是一位伟大的企业家，1879年，爱迪生创办了“爱迪生电力照明公司”，1880年，白炽灯上市销售，1890年，爱迪生已经将其各种业务组建成为爱迪生通用电气公司。1891年，爱迪生的细灯丝、高真空白炽灯泡获得专利。1892年，汤姆•休斯顿公司与爱迪生电力照明公司合并成立了通用电气公司。开始了通用电气在电气领域长达一个世纪的统治地位。
单元分析
【内容提示】
本单元主要是围绕着“invention”这个话题，通过熟悉我们周围经常使用发明物的历史来开阔眼界，丰富自己的阅历，使自己养成勤于思考，善于总结的好习惯。
【目标提示】
语言目标
1.掌握一般过去时的被动语态。
2.学会谈论发明的历史，会使用以下基本句子：
When was the car invented It was invented in 1885
Who were they invented by They were invented by …
What are they used for They are used for seeing in the dark.
认知目标：
弄清主动语态与被动语态的差异，通过练习和运用加以巩固。
情感目标：
1.通过本单元学习使学生懂得人类的科学发明创造了丰富的物质文明。
2.培养学生的创造发明的能力和愿望。
【教学提示】
充分利用多媒体等教学设备，设计与本课话题相关的情景，如不同种类的发明，人物，实物等等。围绕着本单元的教学目标，设计一些贴近学生实际的教学任务，让学生谈论身边的发明如电话、电脑、汽车、茶叶、篮球以及对一些当代发明的看法;让学生根据所学知识,自己进行创新设计等等.
【课时安排】
8课时(新课6课时，阅读1课时，复习1课时)
第一课时:Section A: 1a, 1b, 1c
第二课时:Section A: 2a,2b, 2c, grammar focus
第三课时:Section A: 3a, 3b, 4
第四课时:Section B: 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c
第五课时:Section B: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b
第六课时self check and
第七课时reading
第八课时 复习
【教学导向】
语言项目
语言功能 谈论发明创造的历史
语言目标 1.掌握有关发明的词汇.2.谈论物品的制作、产生、用途等，掌握和运用过去时态“When was/were…invented I think it/they was/were invented in… It was invented by…It’s used for doing sth.”等句型。3.学会撰写发明创造的小说明文。
语言结构 1.When was the car invented 2.It was invented in 1885.3.When were electric slippers invented 4.Who were they invented by 5.They were invented by Julie Thompson.6.What are they used for 7.They’re used for seeing in the dark.
重点词汇 1.有关发明的名词：heel, battery, slipper, bulb, light bulb, microwave oven, beverage, abacus, binoculars2.一些描述性形容词：crispy, salty, sour, sweet, pleasant, adjustable, worldwide3.动词：invent, scoop, operate, sprinkle, boil, produce, throw, notice, knock, divide, shoot, develop, risen
课时教案
Section A(1a—1c)
Words: invent/inventor/invention heat calculator scoop
adjustable heel battery operate slipper bulb microwave
Useful Expressions:
1. be used for doing sth.… = be used to do sth.
eg: This kind of machine is used for washing clothes.
= This kind of machine is used to wash clothes.
2. ---When was the telephone invented
--- I think it was invented in 1876.
3. ---What are they used for
---They’re used for seeing in the dark.
4. ---Who were they invented
----They were invented by Edison.
5. I think the calculator was invented before the computer.
6. What do you think is the most helpful invention
学习过程
1a Doing group work
Look at the things on page 68. Number them in the order of their invention.
A: I think the telephone was invented before the car.
B: Well, I think the telephone was invented after the car.
Televisor 1925 John L. Baird Scottish
A: I think the televisor was invented before the computer.
B: Well, I think the televisor was invented after the computer.
Telephone 1876 A.G. Bell American
A: I think the calculator was invented before the plane.
B: Well, I think the calculator was invented after the planer.
1b Doing group work
The things in the pictures were invented in the following order.
The telephone was invented in 1876.Cars were invented in 1885.The TV was invented around 1927.The hand-held calculator were invented in 1971. The personal computers were invented in 1976.
Now you are going to read the listening tape script. Blacken the passive voice, circle all the linking words and underline all the useful expressions.
听力强化
SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT
1c Doing pair work
In pairs, one covers the dates and the other asks him when the things in the pictures on page 68 were invented. Then change roles and practice again.
A: When was the telephone invented B: I think it was invented in 1876.A: When was the car invented B: I think it was invented in 1885.A: When was the TV invented B: I think it was invented around 1927.A: When was the hand-held calculator invented B: I think it was invented in 1971.
词语用法
1．I think the telephone was invented before the car.
（1） invent动词,发明， 编造，虚构 Bell invented the telephone. 贝尔发明了电话。
（2）invention名词，发明（不可数）；发明物（可数）This is one of Edison’s inventions.这是爱迪生的发明之一。
（3）inventor名词，发明者，创造者
（4）discover与invent的区别
discover“发现”，指发现的对象是本来存在的，invent发明，发明的对象是以前没有的新东西，如工具、手段或方法。
【即学即用】
用discover和invent填空
⑴Paper was in China.
⑵Columbus America in 1492.
⑶I that she was a good cook.
　2. I think the telephone was invented after the car．我认为电话是在小汽车之后发明的。
　　(1)本句是复合句。the telephone．．．car是省略了that的宾语从句。在此宾语从句中又包含了一个时间状语从句after the car(was invented)，其中was invented被省略了。
　　(2)after作为连词时，引导时间状语从句，表示主句在从句动作之后发生，从句往往不用过去完成时，而用一般过去时。例如：
　　After he finished the work，he went to bed．完成这项工作之后他就上床睡觉了。
　　(3)after还可以作介词，意为“在……之后”，既可以用于过去时，也可以用于将来时。例如：
　　I will go abroad after next Sunday．我将在下周日以后出国。
　　After six the rain began to fall．六点后，天就开始下雨了。
　　(4)after后可直接接动名词。例如：
　　After finishing the work，he went to bed．完成这项工作后，他就上床睡觉了。
六．板书设计
Unit 9 When was it invented (Period 1)1. New words and phrases: invent, calculator, be used for 2. Target language: What is a telephone used for It’s used for talking with people. When was the telephone invented It was invented in 1876. Who was it invented by It was invented by Bell. 3. The Passive Voice
作业设计
一、将下列各句改为被动语态
1. Bell invented telephone in 1876.
Telephone ________ ________ by Bell in 1876.
2. Mike broke the window yesterday.
The window _______ ________ by Mike yesterday.
3. They built the bridge in 2000.
The bridge ______ _______by them in 2000.
4. I bought my mobile phone last year.
My mobile phone ______ ________ last year.
5. We invited Mr Zhang to give us a speech.
Mr Zhang _______ _______ to give us a speech.
二、补全对话（有两项是多余的）
A: When was the telephone invented, do you know
B: Yes. ___1___.
A: ____2_____.
B: No, I think it was invented after the car.
A: ___3____.
B: It’s used for talking with our friends and relatives.
A: ___4____.
B: I think the car is more useful than the telephone. It can take us to everywhere we want to go.
A: Would you like to buy a car some day
B: ___5___.
Test and comments
单选
1. A stamp is used for _____ a letter.
A. send B. sends C. sending D. sent
2. The gym _______ last year. It’s for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2007，吉林)
A. build B. was built C. was building D. built
3. Last year ,LiHua, a college student, _______ to work for the Olympic Games.
A. is choosing B. is chosen C. was choosing D. was chosen
4. The PLA ______on August 1, 1927.
A. is found B. was found C. was founded
5. ---When _____this kind of computer ______
---Last year.
A. did, invent B. was, invented C. is, invent D. are, invented
6. _____ the new library _______ in our school last year
A. Is, built B. Was, built C. Does, build D. Did, build
7. Mike wasn’t at home yesterday. He _______ to help with Jenny’s English.
A. was asking B. is asked C. is asking D. was asked (2008,山东淄博)
8. Columbus _______America in 1492.
A. invents B. invented C. discovers D.discovered
9. Gilbert ______ electricity, and electric light _______ by Edison.
A. discovered, was invented B. was invented, discovered
C. invented, discovered D. discovered, invented
10.---When do you think the machine _______
--- In 1890.
A. is invent B. were invented C. was invent D. was invented
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
What do you think is the most ________ (help) invention
Edison was a great _________(invent). He had 1093 _________ (invent) during his lifetime.(2007，临沂)
What _______ electric slippers ________(use) for
Personal computers ___________(invent) in 1976.
Light bulbs are used for ________(see) in the dark.
It’s ________(use) for scooping really cold ice cream.
I don’t like _________(eat) chocolate.
Mooncakes ___________(make) by his mother last year.
Those trees ____________(plant) last week.
The book _____________(write) by his father five years ago.
三、完形填空
The computer was one of the most important inventions of last century. The
first computer was as large as a room. Now some computers are as __1__ as TV sets. Some computers can even be made smaller ___2__a book.
About 20 years ago, the computer was a strange machine in China. Not many people ____3__ it. But it was ___4__ all the time. In 1984, when DengXiaoping watched two pupils on the computers in Shanghai, he said that computer lessons ___5___ start from children. So there was the first computer book for middle school students. Now in Shanghai ___6__ all middle schools have classrooms ___7___ computer courses. Some of the students now have their own computers at home. With the help of Internet, they can learn about the world ___8__.
Now computers are ___9__ used in banks, factories, airports and so on. The computer is coming into everyone’s __10_, so it is important for us to learn how to use a computer properly.
（ ）1. A. huge B. small C. great D. little
（ ）2.A. as B. like C. than D. about
（ ）3.A. understand B. understood C. learn D. learnt
（ ）4.A. changing B. moving C. turning D. happening
（ ）5.A. can B. may C. shall D. could
（ ）6.A. most B. almost C. only D. no
（ ）7.A. for B. of C. with D. on
（ ）8.A. much quick B. much quickly C. more quick D. more quickly
（ ）9.A. recently B. widely C. slowly D. carefully
（ ）10.A. life B. live C. lives D. living
Reflection
Section A(2a—2c)
( P69 )
2a/2b Listening and matching
You shall listen to the recording again and match the items in the chart on page 69 in columns A, B, and C.
A: Invention B: Who was it/ were they invented by C: What is it/ are they used for
Shoes with adjustable heels Chelsea Lanmon Scooping really cold ice cream
Battery-operated sneakers Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth Seeing in the dark
Heated ice cream scoop Julie Thompson Changing the style of the shoes
2c Doing pairwork
Role play the conversations using the information in the chart in the middle of page 69. Pay attention to the formation of passive voice.
A: What are the shoes with adjustable heels used for B: They are used for changing the style of the shoes.A: What are the battery-operated sneakers used for B: They are used for seeing in the dark.A: What is the heated ice cream scoop used for B: It is used for scooping really cold ice cream.
听力强化
Boy: What are those
Girl: They’re battery-operated slippers.
Boy: What are they used for
Girl: They’re used for seeing in the dark.
Boy: Oh, that’s cool! Who were they invented by
Girl: Julie Thompson. And look at this heated ice cream scoop.
Boy: I know what it’s for! It’s used for scooping out really cold ice cream.
Girl: Right. It was invented by Chelsea Lanmon.
Boy: My favorite are those shoes with adjustable heels. You know—you can move the heels up and down. They were invented by Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth.
Girl: And what are they used for
Boy: Well, you can change the style of your shoes. You can make the shoes go from casual to dressy.
知识拓展
I. They’re used for seeing in the dark. (P69)它们被用于在黑夜里观看。be used for表示“被用来做……”，介词for表示目的和用途，后面接名词或动词-ing形式。
Wood can be used for making paper.木材可以被用来造纸。
What is the book used for 　　　 　　书是用来做什么的？　　
The book is used for reading.　　 　 书是用来读的。
The plane is used for traveling.　　 飞机是用来旅行的。
e.g. The battery-operated slippers are used for seeing in the dark.
II、use的用法
use 是初中英语中的常用词，它的用法灵活，既可作名词，又可作动词。同学们在实际运用中应注意以下几点：
1． use作名词时，其发音为/ｊｕ:ｓ/。它既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词，意为“用处；用法；使用；利用”等。
如: This machine has many uses. 这种机器有许多用处。
The teachers' desk is for the use of teacher. 讲桌是供老师用的。
2． use作动词时，其发音为/ｊｕ:ｚ/。一般作及物动词，意为“使用;利用;消耗;用掉”,表示使用工具、手段等。
如: Can you use computer 你会用电脑吗
They used him to shock the others. 他们利用他来吓唬别人。
3 含有be used的常用短语：
1). used to do sth.意为"过去常常做某事"，它表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，而现在已不再发生或存在。这个短语含有今昔对比之意，其否定形式常用used not to或didn't use to。反意疑问句中应该用did/didn't或used/usedn't。例如：
　　I used to swim in this river when I was young.我年轻时常在这条河里游泳。
　　They used to be good friends, didn't they 他们过去是好朋友，是吗？
2). be used to sth. / doing sth.意为"习惯、适应某事/做某事"，它表示习惯于某一客观事实或状态，其中to是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词；be used可用于多种时态；如强调动作可用get或become替换be。例如：
　　Old people are used to getting up early in the morning.老年人习惯早晨很早起床。
　　I wasn't used to city life, but now I have got used to living in this city.我以前不习惯都市生活，但现在我已习惯住在这座城市了。
如：I'm used to hardship. 我习惯于艰苦。
I've got used to having porridge for breakfast. 我已经习惯于早餐喝粥了。
3). be used to do sth.意为"被用来做某事"，其中use表"使用"之意，是被动语态形式，to是动词不定式符号。例如：
　　Wood can be used to make paper.树木可以用来造纸。
Knives are used to cut things.刀用来切东西。
4)、be used as表示“被用作……”，介词as意思是“作为”的意思，其后一般接名词，强调使用的工具及手段。
e.g. He used the stick as a ruler.他用树枝当尺子。
This book can be used as a textbook.这本书可以当作教科书来用。
5)、be used by表示“被……使用”，by后接动作的执行者。
This kind of machine is used by farmers for getting in crops.
农民们用这种机器来收割庄稼。
What are they used for 它们是做什么用的？
use 使用，用，利用
e.g. What do you use this tool for 这个工具用途是什么？
use…to do…　用……做……
e.g. We use the knife to peel the apples.　我们用小刀削苹果皮。
　　 The bag is used to carry the books.　包是用来运书的。
6)、. be of use意为"有用的"，其中use是名词，可用形容词来修饰。例如：
　　The dictionary is of great use to the students.这本字典对学生们很有用。
7)、. be in use意为"在使用"，其中use也是名词。例如：
　　The laboratory is in use until three o'clock.实验室一直到3点钟都有人使用。
8). make use of sth.意为"利用、使用某物"，其中use也是名词，可用good, full, more, little等形容词来修饰。同学们应特别注意它的被动形式。例如：
　　We must make full use of time to study.我们必须充分利用时间来学习。
Very little use was made of them in the past.过去对它们很少利用。
【即学即用】
⑴The stones they carried were used houses and bridges.
A. to build B. for building C. to be built D. A and B
⑵The room as a meeting room.
A. used to being used B. was used to be used
C. was used to being used D. used to be used
初中阶段以able结尾的单词
capable a. 有能力的,能干的,有可能的,可以…的
escapable a. 逃掉的,可避免的
comparable a. 可比较的, 比得上的
considerable a. 相当大(或多)的, 值得考虑的, 相当可观的
preferable a. 较好的,更好的,更可取的,更优越的
answerable a. 有责任的, 应负责的, 可回答的, 可答复的
colorable a. 可着色的, 似是而非的, (=colourable)
memorable a. 难忘的,值得纪念的
pleasurable a. 快乐的,愉快的,合意的
disable v. 使残废, 使失去能力, 丧失能力
advisable a. 可取的, 明智的, 适当的
passable a. 可通行的, 尚可的
usable a. 可(使)用的, 合用的, 便于使用的 (=useable)
excusable a. 可原谅的,可容许的,言之有理的,可免除的
eatable a.&n. 可以吃的, 食物, 食品 (pl.)
unpalatable a. 味道差的, 不好吃的, 不适口的
predictable a. 可预言的, 可预期的
marketable a. 销路好的, 适于销售的, 可销售的
timetable n. 时间表
excitable a. 易怒的, 易兴奋的, 能被激动的, 易激动的, 过敏的
creditable a. 可信的,可称誉的
charitable a. 仁慈的,慈善(事业)的,宽恕的
suitable a. 适当的, 相配的, 合适的
unsuitable a. 不适合的,不相称的
presentable a. 象样的, 漂亮的, 可见人的
preventable a. 可阻止的, 可预防的
printable a. 可印刷的
countable a.&n. 可计算的, 可数的东西, 可数名词(countable noun)
uncountable a.&n. 无数的, 不可数的, [语]不可数名词(uncountable noun)
comfortable a. 舒适的, 舒服的
uncomfortable a. 不舒服的, 不安的, 不合意的
adjustable a. 可调整(的)
forgettable a. 容易被忘的, 可忘记的
unforgettable a. (令人)难忘的,忘不了的
valuable a. 贵重的, 有价值的
invaluable a. 宝贵的, 珍贵的, 无价的, 价值无法衡量的
receivable a. 可接受的, 应收帐款
solvable a. 可解的,可以解决的,可解释的,可解答的
unsolvable a. 不能解决的,无法解释的,不能溶解的
lovable a. 可爱的, 惹人爱的
movable a. 可移动的(东西), 活动的, (=moveable)
enjoyable a. 令人愉快的, 可享受的
recognizable a. 可认识的, 可辩认的, 可认知的, 可公认的
三、对应练习：
㈠选择填空
1. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
2.The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
3.The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken
4.I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats
5.We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking
6.They ______day and night.
A. are made work B. are made to work
C. made to be worked D. are making to work
7.Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
8.This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung
9.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned
10.When ______ the People's Republic of China_____
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
11. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended
12. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in
13.The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see
14.Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
15.He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised B. praises
C. have been praised D. always is praised
㈡把下列句子变成被动语态
1. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
2. Do you water your flowers every day
3. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
4.Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
5.We planted many trees in our school last week.
6.Do people grow cotton in North China
7.Who invented the light bulb
8.Did they find the missing key yesterday
9.We heard someone sing in the next room.
10.She drew them a picture yesterday.
Section A(3a—4)
( P70 )
课时目标
1.学会一般过去时的被动语态
2.区分一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。
3.了解发明史并积极参加小发明，小创造活动.
3a Doing pairwork
There are two kinds of inventions. One is helpful invention, and the other is annoying invention. Now in pairs make a list of five helpful inventions and five annoying inventions.
Helpful inventions Annoying inventions
Example: telephone Example: alarm clock
1. plane 1. atomic bomb
2. computer 2. missile
3. bike 3. rifle
4. car 4. chemical weapon
5. train 5. alarm clock
3b Doing pairwork
In pairs discuss your opinions in 3a with your partner.
A: What do you think is the most helpful invention B: I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. A: Why is that B: Well, it gives people more time to work and play every day.A: What do you think is the most annoying invention B: I think the most helpful invention is the atomic bomb. A: Why is that B: Well, it gives people more power to kill others.A: What do you think is the less helpful invention B: I think the less helpful invention is the car. A: Why is that B: Well, it makes it possible for people to move to distant places faster.
词语用法
1、I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb. (P70)我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。
helpful是由名词help加上-ful后缀构成的形容词，意为“有帮助的”，类似的形容词还有：
thank—thankful (感谢的，感激的) grate—grateful(感谢的，感激的)
use—useful (有用的) wonder—wonderful(令人惊奇的)
forget—forgetful (健忘的) success—successful(成功的)
beauty—beautiful (美丽的) pain—painful(疼痛的)
2. I’d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. (P70)我想有一个收音机，这样我就可以整天听音乐了。
本句中的情态动词could用来表示逻辑上或理论上的可能性，而不是某种实际上将要发生或正在发生的可能性。
Anybody could make mistake.任何人都可能犯错误。
The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这儿的天气很冷。
特别提示
could也表示人或动物的内在能力，有某种知识或者技能而能够做某事。
He hurt his foot and couldn’t play soccer. 他的脚受了伤，所以他不能踢足球了。
课后巩固
I. Finish the sentences
1.The telephone ___________(invent) by Bell in 1876.
2.The trees may ____________(plant) in spring.
3.Teenagers should not ____________(allow) to drive.
4.English ___________(speak) in Canada.
5.Math must ___________ (study) well.
6.We ________(ask) to learn English.
II. 单项选择
1. _________ should not be allowed to go out at night.
A. Twelve-years-old B. Twelve-year-olds C. Twelve year old D. Twelve years olds
2. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read
3. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked
4.The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built
5. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown
6. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken
7. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing
8. Chang‘an Road is ______of people.
A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled
9. When ______ the People’s Republic of China(中国)_____
A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found
10. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted B. plant C. are planted D. will be planted
11. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in
III. 同义句转换
They should allow us to have part-time jobs.
____________________________.
We should allow children to spend time with their friends. _____________________________________.
The teacher should allow Anna to finish the picture. _____________________________________.
Parents should allow children to choose their own friends. _____________________________________.
IV. 请把下列的主动句变为被动句（注意时态的一致）
1 He wrote an article last week.
____________________________.
2 The people make history
. ____________________________.
Do people use Chinese only in China
____________________________.
They didn’t visit the city two years ago
____________________________.
5 Where did you make them
____________________________.
Section B (1a—2c)
Learning Goals
Words crispy salt n./salty adj. sour chef /cook n. 厨师
cooker n. 厨具 &v.烹饪according ancient legend bush remain notice produce v./production n. please v. 使…高兴 /pleasure n. 快乐，高兴/ pleased adj. 高兴的 mix v./mixture n. beverage customer sprinkle
Phrases by mistake by accident according to thin /salty enough
make the customer happy fall into over an open fire a pleasant smell
notice sb. do/doing sth. in this way one of the world’s favorite drinks
Important sentences boil drinking water
The most popular drink in the world was invented by accident .
Tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610.
This beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that .
预习任务一
1、Which taste do you like best sweet, crispy, salty or sour
2、Which food is sweet Which food is crispy Which food is salty Which food is sour
预习任务二：
1、单词英汉互译 crispy____ sour____ salty____ French Fries____ 厨师____ 撒，洒____
2、译词组 ①错误地______ ②足够薄______ ③足够咸______ ④想要干_____ ⑤使顾客高兴_______ ⑥最后_____ ⑦薯片_____ ⑧一位被称为的厨师_____ ⑨在他们上面撒大量盐___________
3、译句子
①错误地发明了薯片___________________________________________________
②Gorge想要使顾客高兴________________________________________________
③最后那位顾客很高兴_________________________________________________
④薯片是一位叫George Crum的厨师发明的_______________________________
⑤George Crum把他们煮了很长一段时间，直到他们发脆_____________________
学习过程Procedures
Warming up by making passive sentences
Hello, everyone. This week we learn to use passive voice (questions and statements). Now we shall begin by making passive sentences (questions and statements).
I was frustrated by his reply. His death was caused by his hard work.
Was the problem solved His last hope was given up.
His English pronunciation is influenced by his Chinese. His attention was concentrated on his disease.
When was your radio set lost Was her order obeyed
Was she terrified by her face When was his house burned
1a Looking and writing
On page 71 you will find some adjectives used to describe how food tastes. Look at the pictures and write them under the correct picture. Note that some pictures have more than one word.
Do you like sweet drinks
The crackers aren’t crisp. They must have got wet.
This soup is very salty.
I like to drink sour milk.
These oranges are as sour as lemons.
1b Writing the names
On page 71 you will find in the box some adjectives used to describe food. Now read each of them and write the name of a different food after each of them.
Sweet apple→ crispy crackers→ salty water→ sour rice
2a Listening and circling
On page 71 in the middle of the page you will find 6 statements. Listen to the recording and circle T or F.
(The keys: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6.T)
听力强化
Boy1: Hey, did you know that potato chips were invented by mistake
Boy2: Really What do you mean
Boy1: Well, here on the bag it says that they were invented by a chef called George Crum.
Boy2: When was that
Boy1: Oh, it was back in 1853.
Boy2: So, why was it an accident
Boy1: Well, one day a customer in the restaurant where George worked sent back his plate of fried potatoes because he said they were cut too thick.
Boy2: So what happened
Boy1: Well, George was in a bad mood, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were really salty. He thought the customer would hate them.
Boy2: And
Boy1: And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other customers about them, and soon everyone was ordering thinly-sliced, crispy, salty potato chips.
Boy2: And we’re still eating them today. What a cool story!
Boy1: Yeah.
3、做好2a和2b后，再听一遍，回答下列问题：
Why did a customer send back his plate of fried potatoes？
Was he happy to cut potato chips thin？
Who invented potato chips？
What else did he do？
Did the customer hate or love chips at last？
短语总结
be invented by mistake, on the bag, back in 1853, one day, in the restaurant, send… back,
a plate of fried potatoes, be cut too thick, in a bad mood, cut…really, really thin,
cook…a long time, sprinkle… on…, hate…, asked for…, tell… about…, thinly-sliced,
crispy, salty potato chips, a cool story
2a/2b Listening and completing
You are going to listen to the tape script and complete the sentences on page 71 in the box.
The history of chipsDo you know that potato chips were invented by mistake Chips were invented by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in 1853. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were really salty.
2c Doing pairwork
Next you are going to role play the conversations about the invention of the potato chip. Use the information from the activities above.
The invention of the potato chip
A: Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake B: I don’t know.A: They were invented by a chef called George Crum.B: When was that A: It was invented back in 1853.B: Was it an accident A: A customer sent back his plate of fried potatoes because they were cut too thick. George cut the potatoes really, really thin. And he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. He sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were really salty. B: Did the customer loved them A: Yes, they asked for more. Everyone was ordering thinly-sliced, crispy, salty potato chips.B: We like them, too. A: So do I.
词语讲解
1、It was way back in 1853. 那要追溯到1853年。
　 =It went back to 1853. =It dated from 1853. =It dated back to 1853.
2、. The potato chips were invented by mistake. (P71)土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。
(1) potato chips是一个复合名词，其中第一个名词用作定语修饰后一个名词，这样的例子有很多，又如: alarm clock, telephone number等。
知识拓展
复合名词变复数的规则，你一定要牢记啊！
◎通常只把主体名词变为复数
school boy—school boys(男生) apple tree—apple trees(苹果树)
vegetable sandwich—vegetable sandwiches(蔬菜三明治)
girl friend—girl friends（女朋友）
◎如果没有主体名词，在最后一个名词上用复数。
good-for-nothing—good-for-nothings（饭桶、无用的人）
three-year-old—three-year-olds（三岁的孩子）
◎由man, woman和另外一个名词构成的复合名词，两个部分都要用复数。
man teacher—men teachers(男教师)
gentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers （乡绅）
(2)by mistake 表示“错误地（因粗心、遗忘等所致）”。
Sorry, I took your bag by mistake. 对不起，我错拿了你的手提包。
短语链语
mistake ... for “错把……当作……”
3. George Crum cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. (P71)George Crum将它们做了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。
until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。
◎在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”。
I worked until late in the afternoon. 我一直干到下午很晚的时候。
◎在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到……才……”，“不到……不……”。
The rain didn’t stop until midnight. 雨直到半夜才停。
I won’t leave until you promise to help me. 你不答应帮助我，我不会离开。
4. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were salty. (P71) 然后，他在上面撒很多盐，这样它们就咸了。
(1)sprinkle 是“撒、洒”的意思，常构成sprinkle A on/over B 或sprinkle B with A表示“撒(某物)于(某物的表面)”。
She sprinkled sand along the icy path. 她往结冰的路上撒了些沙子。
He sprinkled vinegar on his fish and chips. 他往鱼和土豆上洒了些醋。
(2)salt是不可数名词，其形容词是salty。在英语中，很多名词后加-y可以构成形容词，表示“充满/包含……”，其意思与原来词汇的意思相同，只是词性不同，如cloud—cloudy, hair—hairy, rose—rosy, sleep—sleepy等。
Self-study Finish the words
1. Potato chips were invented by m (错误).
2. He (撒上)some salt on them so they were s .
3. The (顾客) thought the potatoes weren't thin enough .
4. The most popular drink was i by a (偶然).
5. This (饮料) was d (发现) three thousand years before that .
6. Some l （叶子）from nearby (灌木) （落入）water and (停留) there for some time .
7. The leaves in water (产生) a p smell .
（1）根据示范将下列句子改为被动语态。
Model: Mr. Smith made a machine last year.
→A new machines was made by Mr. Smith last year.
1. James planted a flower in his garden.
_______________________________________
2. The workers built a tall building in the village.
_______________________________________
3. Uncle Li planted an interesting picture last week.
_______________________________________
4. Charles Dickens wrote many novels.
_______________________________________
Complete the sentences :
1. 这样，发明了世界上最受喜欢的饮料之一。
。
2. 根据中国古代的传说，神农在室外火炉上烧饮用水时发现了茶。
。
3. 世界上最受欢迎的饮料是偶然发现的。
。
4. 这种饮料直到那之前的三千多年前被发现。
。
Finish the words :
1. He s lots of sugar on the cake , so it was very sweet .
2. You must put a little more salt in it , or it isn’t s enough .
3. The boy smiles , because the trip is p .
4. I n him go into the classroom .
5. I took your umbrella by m .
6. What do you think is the most h invention
7. I met my friend by a in a crowded bus .
8. The leaves in water p a pleasant smell .
9. She likes c cookies . They are hard ,dry and easily broken .
10. After the fire nothing r in the house .
Complete the sentences :
1. 电脑是何时被发明的？ the computer ？
2. 邮票被用来寄信。Stamps letters.
3. 今天报纸上没有什么重要信息。
There is in today’s newspaper .
4. 我意外地在公共汽车上遇见了她。I met her in a bus 。
5. 对不起，我刚才错拿了你的词典。
Sorry , I took your dictionary just now .
6. 他在鱼和薯片上撒了盐。He salt his fish and chips .
7. 这些孩子说薯条不够咸。
The children said the potato chips .
8. 后来，皇帝决定品尝这道热菜。
Later the emperor the hot dish .
Choose the right answers :
1. weather , isn’t it
A. Pleased B. A pleasant C. Pleasant D. A pleasant
2. Many trees and flowers in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden .
A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted
3. – How was your climbing on Mount Tai
-- I didn’t believe I could do it I got to the top .
A. until B. unless C. after D. when
4. – Did you find the post office
-- Yes. I found it the main steet .
A. in the end’by the end B. at the end ‘ in the end of
C. in the end ; at the end of D. at the end; in the end
5.As we know , Columbus America and Edison light bulbs.
A. discovered; invented B. invented;invented
C. disxovered; discovered D. invented; discovered
Section B (3a—4b)
Teaching Aims:
●To learn to use passive voice (questions and statements)
●To read about tea
Step 1 Review the new words and the useful phrases ，and use them to make some sentences all by themselves
1. 表示“错误地________________ 2. “ 错把……当作……___________________
3. 足够咸____________________ 4. 直到……才……”，____________________
5. 撒(某物)于(某物的表面) ___________6.偶然，无意中 ___________________
1. 小汽车是什么发明的？___________________________________________
2. 它是在1885年发明的。__________________________________________
3.它们是由谁发明的？______________________________________________
4.它们是由Julie Thompson 发明的。__________________________________
5.它们是用来做什么的？____________________________________________
6.它们是用来在黑暗处看东西的。_____________________________________
Step 2. 1. Read the article and write answers to the questions.(3a)
预习导航
预习任务一：
课文填空
Did you know the___，the most popular drink in the world ，was invented _________t？Although tea was not brought to the Western world until ____，this beverage was discovered over three thousand years _____that。According to an ancient Chinese legend ，the emperor ________ discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open air。Some leaves from a nearby bush __________ the water and ______ there for some time 。The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a __________。Later he decided to _____hot mixture。It was quite ______。And _______________，one of the world favorite drinks was invented。
预习任务二：
单词英汉互译
beverage_____ flying____ bush____ 发现v__________发现n._______ 逗留，保持，剩余_____
后来____ 金属____ 令人愉快的______ 尽管，虽然______ 古代的____ 传说_____
注意到____ 生产______ bakery_____ 混合，混合物______
2、译词组
(1)世界上最受欢迎的饮料_________________(2)偶然_______(3)把某物带到某地__________
(4)在那之前三百多年_______________________(5)根据_______________(6)发现茶____________
_(7)饮用水____________(8)在户外的火上________________
(9)来自附近灌木的一些树叶____________________(10)落入水中___________________
(11)一段时间___________(12)一股令人愉悦的气味______________(13)决定干__________
(14)尝尝热的混合物_____________(15)相当美味__________(16)用这种方式，这样_______
(17)世界最喜爱的饮料之一_____________________________(18)飞碟______________(19)这种特殊的笔______________
3. 你感到疑难的地方（短语/句子）
学习过程
After you read, answer the 4 questions following the article.
1. What is the article about It is about the invention of tea.
2.When was it invented It was invented over three thousand years before 1610.
3.Who was it invented by It was invented by Shen Nong.
4. How was it invented The emperor Shen Nong noticed that the leaves from a nearby bush in the water produced a pleasant smell. He tasted the hot mixture. It was quite delicious.
Step 3.Listen to the tape then fill in blanks,then check their answers.
Who invented tea
Did you know that tea, the most _______drink inthe world (after water), _____________by accident Although tea_______________ to the Western world until 1610, this beverage _________overthree thousand years before that. _____________an Ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong Discovered tea when he________ drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a nearby bush ________the water and remained there for some time. The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water ______a pleasant smell. Later he decided to tastethe hot mixture. It was quite delicious. And ______, one of the world’s favorite ____was invented.
Step 4 Retell the article according to the key words and the form
1.Popular 2. was invented 3.wasn’t brought
4.was discovered 5.According to 6.was boiling7.fell into
8. produced 9.Drinks 10.in this way
任务型阅读
What:It is about the invention of tea.
Who:the Chinese emperor Shen Nong.
When:over three thousand years ago.
Where:
How:
Today:
Step 5 Explain the difficult points（小组讨论并造句）
阅读课文，勾画短语
Who invented tea
Do you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world（after water）, was invented by accident Although tea wasn’t brought to the Western world until 1610, this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that. According to an ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. Later he decided to taste the hot mixture. It was quite delicious. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented.
Step 7.Ask the students to practice 3b ， write an article using the note in the box .
From pie plate to flying disk.
The flying disk was invented by college students.________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Step 6 Write an article using the notes in the box
1. work in groups and make some conversations just like this
A:who invented the flying disk
B: The flying disk was invented by college students.-----------
Who: college students
What: metal pie plate, flying disk
When: 1950
Where: bakery Bridgeport, Connecticut
Why: new toy
How: students eat pie, throw pie plates
Today: clubs, magazines, festival
From pie plate to flying disk
A baker named William Russel Frisbie, of Warren, Connecticut, and later of Bridgeport, came up with a clever marketing idea back in the 1870s. He put the family name in relief on the bottom of the light tin pans in which his company’s homemade pies were sold. The pans were reusable, but every time a housewife started to bake a pie in one, she would see the name Frisbie and, it was hoped, think, "How much easier to buy one". Eventually Mr. Frisbie’s pies were sold throughout much of Connecticut, including New Haven. There, sometime in the 1940s, Yale students began sailing the pie tins through the air and catching them. A decade later, out in California, a flying-saucer enthusiast named Walter Frederick Morrison designed a saucer-like disk for playing catch. It was produced by a company named Wham-O. On a promotional tour of college campuses, the president of Wham-O encountered the pie-plate-tossing craze at Yale. And so the flying saucer from California was renamed after the pie plate from Connecticut. Of course the name was changed from Frisbie to Frisbee to avoid any legal problems.
4a Thinking and invention
We all have things that we don’t liking doing. Why not think of an invention that could help you. Write the details of your invention in the chart on page 72.
Problem Learning English
New invention A machine that translates English into Chinese
Use The machine “sees” the written English, and shows the translation.The machine “hears” the spoken English, and repeats it in Chinese.
Price 100 yuan each
4b Doing pairwork
In pairs ask each other questions about inventions, and try to sell your invention to your partner.
You may begin as is shown in the box on page 72.
A: This special pen was invented by Zheng Jie. It has three colors and it is used for learning English.B: How is it special A: When the red color is turned on, the pen reads out English as it is moved along the line.B: When about the black color A: When the black color is turned on, the pen finds out the structure of the sentences as it is moved along the line.B: When about the yellow color A: When the yellow color is turned on, the pen shows the formation and meaning of the word as it is moved along the line.B: Wonderful! Where can I get one A: I am the shop owner selling this kind of pen.
…
词语用法
1、. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. (P72)附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里，并留在那里很长时间。
(1) fall into在这里是“落入、陷入”的意思。
Some ash fell into my cup. 一些灰掉进我的杯子里了。
A ripe fruit happened to fall into his hand. 一个熟了的果子碰巧掉在他手里。
(2)fall into有时也可以作“开始”解。
He fell into conversation with me. 他开始和我谈起话来。
2、remain 表示“继续、依然、停留”，后面接名词，动词不定式。
He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生都在牢中度过。
It sounds a good idea, but it remains to be seen whether it will succeed.听起来这是个好注意，可是它能否成功，要等以后才能知晓。
remain后面也可以接副词或介词短语。
She remains in the house all these days. 她这些天一直呆在那栋房子里。
Three out of four of them remained single. 他们四个人中有三个人还是单身。
特别提示
remain还有“剩下、残余”的意思。
I can’t go to the cinema because I have a lot of homework remained undone.
我不能去看电影，因为我还有很多作业未做。
3. And in this way, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented. (P72)就这样，世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。
本句中的in the way意为“就这样”，“以这种方式”。
The song was composed in this way. 这首歌就这样被创作出来了。
In this way, you will find the answer to this question.
用这种方法，你可以找到这个问题的答案。
知识拓展
way主要有以下几种用法：
◎表示“方法”，接不定式，...way to do sth这一结构等于...way of doing sth。
Scientists are trying to find ways to prevent(of preventing) disease.
科学家们正在寻找预防疾病的方法。
There are many ways of traveling(to travel), for example, by air.
旅行有许多方式，例如乘飞机。
◎表示“路途”，“路线”，常构成on one’s/the way to...“在……的途中”。在这一结构中，介词to表示方向，后接名词。如果后面接地点副词如here, there, home时则不用to。
I’m on my way home.我正在回家的路上。
She’s on her way to see the film.她正在去看电影的路上。
◎表示“方向”。
Look this way.看这边。
Go that way.往那边走。
◎表示“距离”，“路程”。
Beijing is a long way from here.北京离这里很远。
Step 7.Do some exercises（自我检测）
一、根据所学短文完成填空。
Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), __________（invent）by accident Although tea__________（not bring）to the Western world until 1610, this beverage _________（discover）over three thousand years before that. _____________（根据，通过）an Ancient Chinese legend, the emperor Shen Nong Discovered tea when he________（boil） drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a nearby bush __________（落入）the water and remained there for some time. The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water _______（produce）a pleasant smell. Later he decided _____(taste) the hot mixture. It was quite delicious. And _____(这样), one of the world’s favorite ____（drink）was invented.
二、背过下列重点句并默写在学案上，注意书写认真
1.茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料（仅次于水），你知道它是由于一个偶然的原因而发明出来的吗？____________________________________________________________

——————————————————————————————————？
2.虽然知道1610年茶才被带到西方国家。但这饮料早在传入西方之前的3000年前就被发现了。__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________.
3. 根据一份中国的古代资料记载，神农氏在户外的柴火上烧水喝时发明了茶。______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4.附近的灌木丛中的树叶落入水中并在里面泡了一段时间.
______________________________________________________________________.
训练与检测：
Who________America。Who________telephone。 A、discovered B、invented
Some leaves _____（逗留）for________（一段时间）
Someone noticed him ____（go）into the building。 He was noticed ____（go）into the building。 When I passed，I heard him____（sing）in the room。 I often hear him____（sing）in the room。 He is often heard____（sing）in the room。
改错：Although tea was not brought to the Western world until 1610，but this beverage was discovered three thousand years before that。
判断正误 this way in this way according to something according something
变被动句
They see a man running for exercise。____________________________
They see a man run into the hall。________________________________
— Who invented tea？________________________________________________
作业设置
写明chocolate的发明过简要程
提示词： 1、 ancient Indians, food with cocoa 2、 in 1526, a Spanish explorer , bring back to the king, Europeans, like 3、 in 16th century, the Spanish(西班牙人), put sugar into, sweet 4、in 1876, a Swiss(瑞士人) named Peter, add milk to, popular
学后小记：
Section B Selfcheck
要点回眸
Main words 请记住准这些单词：
invent(发明v.)---invention(发明n.)---inventor(发明者) v.
发明_____ 加热_____生产_____ 投；掷_____ 留下______注意到_______ n. 馅饼____
_味道_____ 灌木_____ 混合物_____ 算盘_____ 双筒望远镜___ adj. 古代的____
令人愉快的______ 酸的____ 甜的_____ 咸的_____ 脆的_____
2. Main phrases
使顾客高兴________________________ 最有帮助的发明__________________
用来做某事_______________________ 落进水里________________________
产生一种让人喜欢的味道_____________ 直到…才________________________
足够薄/咸___________________________ 最有用的发明____________________
改变鞋的型号________________________ 最受欢迎的饮料___________________
具有可调整鞋跟的鞋子_________________ 用这种方法________________________
最后(3)_____________________________ 意外地___________________________
错误地_____________________________ 根据______________________________
决定做某事___________________ 产生一种令人愉快的气味__________
3. Sentence structures:
Something was/were invented + time
Something was/were invented + place
Something was/were invented + by somebody
be used for doing something
When was the telephone invented I think it was invented in 1876.
Who were they invented by They were invented by Julie Thompson.
What are they used for They are used for seeing in the dark.
What do you think is the most helpful invention I think the most helpful invention is the light bulb.
4、完成下列句子：
1). 它们被用于在黑夜里观看。
___________________________________________________________________.
2). 我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。
____________________________________________________________________.
3). 我想有一个收音机，这样我就可以整天听音乐了。
_____________________________________________________________________
4). 土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。_____________________________________________
5). George Crum将它们做了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。
George Crum __________________________________________________________
6). 然后，他在上面撒很多盐，这样它们就咸了。
_____________________________________________________________________
7). 附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里，并留在那里很长时间。
______________________________________________________________________
8). 就这样，世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。
And in this way, ____________________was invented.
9). 算盘是中国人在第六世纪发明的._____________________________________________
10).撞在队员身上而摔倒将会很危险._____________________________________________
11)他把全班同学分成两队并教他们怎样玩这种新游戏.
______________________________________________________________________
12).从那时候起,篮球运动就在世界范围普及开来.
______________________________________________________________________
13).美国NBA外籍球员的数量也增加了._________________________________________
2 Writing about inventions on page 73
3000 BC - The abacus, built out of wood and beads, used the concepts of one set of objects standing in for objects in another set, but also the concept of a single object standing for a collection of objects—positional notation. - Early tables, named abaci, formalized counting and introduced the concept of positional notation.- Early man counted by means of matching one set of objects with another set (stones and sheep).invention, history, inventor of, history of, who invented, invention of, fascinating facts.
The basic umbrella was invented over four thousand years ago. We have seen evidence of umbrellas in the ancient art and artifacts of Egypt, Assyria, Greece, and China. These ancient umbrellas or parasols, were first designed to provide shade from the sun. The Chinese were the first to waterproof their umbrellas for use as rain protection.
Soon after telescopes were invented, people started to fasten two of the long tubes together to make binoculars (from the Latin "two eyes"). Around 1900, a German physicist named Ernst Abbe made a pair of binoculars using prisms. The triangular prisms each reflected the incoming light twice. This meant it was possible to make a shorter instrument. The two prisms also flipped the image upright.
Camera The history of the camera - Camera Obscura, photography, the significant processes of photography, and who invented the polaroid and photographic film.
In 1818, Baron von Drais introduced a machine to the public in Paris. It had two in-line wheels connected by a wooden frame. The rider sat astride and pushed it along with his feet, while steering the front wheel.
词语讲解
. Mom added salt but it still wasn't．．．enough．妈妈加了盐，但仍不够……
　　(1)这是一个以转折连词but连接的并列句。
　　(2)add在此句中作及物动词，意为“添加”。它还可以用于短语add．．．to中，意为“把……加起来”。例如：
　　If you add 5 to 5，you get 10．5加5等于10。
　　(3)add还可作为不及物动词，后常接介词to，意为“增加”。例如：
　　His illness added to the family's trouble．
　　他的病给家里增加了负担。
　　(4)固定搭配： add up to意为“总共有，总计达”。例如：
　　His whole school education added up to no more than one year．
　　他所受的全部学校教育加起来不过一年。
2、 some time and some times
sometime “某时”，指将来或过去的一个不确定的时间；
sometimes“有时”，是个频率副词，用How often 提问。
1）I waited for you for .
2) Our teacher goes home by bus .
3) He has been to Beijing .
4) I will go to Shanghai next week .
9. 一段时间:some time; 某时:sometime ; 有时:sometimes; 几次,几倍:some times
例题 ( ).1）It’s said that the sports meeting will be held _______ next month.
A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some times
（ ）2）Tom goes to school on foot, but _________ by bike.
A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some times
（ ）3）All of us have studied English for _________.
A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some times
（ ）4）Our school is________ larger than theirs.
A. some time B. sometimes C. sometime D. some times
3. please pleased pleasant pleasure
please v. “请；使某人高兴 please sb.”
pleased adj. “高兴的，满意的”，be pleased with“对…感到满意”；
pleasant adj. “快乐的，令人愉快的，高兴的”
e.g. a pleasant trip 令人愉快的旅行 pleasant weather 令人愉快的天气pleasure n.“快乐”My life is full of (充满) pleasure .我的生活充满了快乐。
4. beat and win
两个词都有“赢”的意思，beat 后跟人、队或对手；而win 后面通常跟比赛项目、奖品、战斗等。
At last they us and the final match .
He the first prize in English speech competetion .
5. rise and raise
rise “上升”== go up 与sink （go down）相反，作不及物动词，没有被动语态。
raise “使升高，提高”，用作及物动词，可以接名词或代词作宾语。
1）The sun in the east . 太阳从东边升起。
2) He his voice to say that . 他提高嗓门说那件事。
完成下列句子：
1). 它们被用于在黑夜里观看。 They’re used for______________.
2). 我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。 I think _____________________is the light bulb.
3). 我想有一个收音机，这样我就可以整天听音乐了。 I’d like to have a radio because I could________________.
4). 土豆条的发明纯属歪打正着。 The potato chips were invented_____________.
5). George Crum将它们做了很长时间，直到它们变脆了。 George Crum cooked them for a long time_______________.
6. 然后，他在上面撒很多盐，这样它们就咸了。 And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so _____________
7). 附近丛林里的一些树叶掉进了水里，并留在那里很长时间。 Some leaves from a nearby bush_________ the water and ______there for some time.
8). 就这样，世界上最受欢迎的一种饮料产生了。 And in this way, ____________________was invented. OK! 有了它们的帮忙，你的表现会更棒的！
巩固提高
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1 Potato chips ______________ (invent) by mistake.
2 Tea ________________ (discover) by the emperor Shen Nong .
3 Battery-operated slippers _____________ (invent) by Julie Thompson .
4、This job must _____________ ( do ) in half an hour .
5、People mustn’t ________________ ( allow ) to smoke in hospital .
6、Children should _______________ ( not allow ) to go out alone .
7、Bananas __________________ ( grow ) in the south.
8、I _______ ( tell ) the news by Paul yesterday
二、选择填空
( ) 1.Could you tell me who the novel ___ A. was written B. was wrote C. was written by D. wrote
( ) 2. Sorry, I took your pen ______. A. by mistake B. by accident C. in this way D. by hand
( ) 3.---When ____ the bridge _____ --- In 1999. A. was; built B. is; built C. did; build D. be; built
( ) 4. ---Did you go to Jack’s birthday party --- No, I ______. A. was not invited B. was invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite
( ) 5.I think the _______ invention is a mobile phone. What about you
A. helpful B. more helpful C. the most helpful D. most helpful
三、词汇填空
1. Cars are the most useful i________.
2. Being a student, you shouldn’t wear s______ at school.
3. Thomas Edison was one of the great scientists. He i_______ the light bulb.
4. I can’t use my mobile phone. The b_______ is used up.
5．The dumplings ________/teIsts/ delicious.
四、课后阅读
There are fifty states in the United States. The largest in population is California; the largest in area is Alaska. Alaska is the smallest in population and Rhode Island is the smallest in size. The oldest states are the ones along the Atlantic coast. The newest states are Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska is also the coldest state. California and Florida are the warmer. Henry and his family live in Seattle, a big city, on the Pacific coast. But Los Angeles and San Francisco, also on the Pacific coast, are larger than Seattle. Henry's cousin, Susan, lives in New York. It is the largest city in the United States. Thousands of people visit New York each year. The most important city in the United States is Washington, D. C. It is the capital, but it is much smaller than New York.
1. How many states are there in the U. S. A. A. Five B. Forty- Five. C. Fifty D. Fifteen.
2. Which state is the largest in population A. California. B. Rhode-Island. C. Alaska D. Los Angeles.
3. Which state is the oldest, the newest, and the smallest in population A. Rhode Island. B. Seattle. C. San Francisco. D. Alaska.
4. Which of the following is true A. The oldest states are the ones along the Pacific coast. B. Washington is the most important and the largest city. C. New York is the largest city in the United States. D. Henry's cousin lives in the Seattle.
5. Why is Washington, D. C. the most important American city Because _________. A. it is the largest city B. it is the largest in population C. it is the most beautiful city D. it is the capital of the United States
单元检测
Choose the right answers :
1.We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very .
A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested
2. I didn’t know he came back I met him in the street .
A. since B. when C. until D. after
3. I often notice the boy the old man on the road .
A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped
4. “Wish you a journey (旅途), Tom !” “Thank you !”
A. pleased B. please C. pleasure D. pleasant
5. Most of rice in China in the south .
A. are grown B. is grown C. grow D. grow
6. Today computers in both cities and towns .
A. were using B. are using C.were used D. are used
7. A new supermarket in my hometown last month .
A. built B. has built C. was built D. is building
Use the right form to finish the sentences :
1. They (use) for seeing in the dark .
2. The food tastes (well) .
3. Tea (bring) to the Western World until 1610.
4. The potato chips (invented) by mistake .
5. I don’t know the girl (call) Han Mei .
6. Tea is one of (popular) drinks in the world .
7. The abacus was invented in the (six) century by Chinese people .
8. English (speak) as a first language in this country .
9. His father works in a car factory . It (build) in 1985.
Complete the sentences :
1.It was invented by mistake .(划线提问) was it
2.They stayed there until 11 o’clock .(同义句)
They leave there 11 o’clock .
3.The children ate up all the apples .(改为被动语态)
All the apples up by the children .
4.We don’t play football in our school .(改为被动语态)
Football in our school .
Fill in the blanks with the right form of phrases given :
enough to by mistake fall into according to by accident
1.It’s dangerous to skate on the river in winter because you may it .
2.The girl got up early catch the early bus .
3. I meet one of my old classmates at the train station .
4. Tom said sorry to me because he took my pen away .
5.Workers are usually paid the hours they worked every day
选择填空 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网 )（30分）
( )1. When _____ the telephone ______
A. did ; invent B. was ; invented C. was ; inventing D. does ; invent
( )2. A new cinema _______ in the city last year .
A. built B. was built C. was building D. is built
( )3. --______ was the car invented -- In 1885 .
A. How B. Where C. When D. Who
( )4. They want to buy a house ______ a garden .
A. have B. has C. with D. there are
( )5. Nick ______ a job in a bank , but to our surprise , he didn’t take it .
A. is offered B. offered C. was offered D. has offered
( )6. –Alice , you _____ on the phone . –I’m coming . Thanks .
A. want B. are wanting C. are wanted D. wanted
( )7. Li Lei’s words made her ______ .
A. happily B. angrily C. crying D. angry
( )8. –Did you go to Joe’s birthday party last night –No , I _____ .
A. didn’t invite B. wasn’t inviting C. wasn’t invited D. am not invited
( )9. --It’s 9 o’clock now , I must go . --It’s raining outside . Don’t leave ______ it stops .
A. when B. since C. while D. until
( )10. The umbrella is used ______ us away from the rain .
A. to keeping B. for keeping C. keep D. for keep
( )11. I think football is _____ older than basketball .
A. little B. a little C. few D. a few
( )12. A boy _____ Andrew phoned you just now .
A. names B. naming C. calls D. called
( )13. We _______ into five groups to go to the old people’s home . We did many things to cheer them up .
A. divided B. are divided C. were divided D. divide
( )14. The work must _______ before next Monday .
A. finished B. be finished C. finishing D. to finish
( )15. ______ is said that he has come back from London .
A. That B. What C. Which D. It
被动语态中考真题大练兵
1. —Would you please tell Miss Li that she as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games
—Of course. I will tell her tomorrow. （2007山东淄博）
A. choose B. chose C. has chosen D. is chosen
2. We not to play computer games. （2007内蒙古乌兰察布）
A. are told B. have told C. told D. tell
3. —Could you tell me whom the radio by
—Sorry. I have no idea. （2007福建福州）
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
4. —Your hometown has changed a lot.
—Yes. Take a look at these tall buildings. They last year. （2007重庆课改区）
A. build B. built C. was built D. were built
5. —Did you go to Kang Kang’s birthday
—No, I . （2007福建宁德）
A. wasn’t invited B. didn’t invite C. am not invited
6. An English speech to the children tomorrow. （2007广东茂名）
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given
7. 根据汉语意思完成英语句子：
丢失的部件在船拖出水后被找到了。 （2007山东济南）
The lost parts after the ship was of the water.
8. She used the knife to cut the fruit a moment ago.（改为被动语态）（2007重庆非课改区）
The knife to cut the fruit by her a moment ago.
9. I sent a letter to you last month.（改为被动语态）（2007甘肃兰州）
A letter to you last month.
10. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空：
The dog （train）to understand different instructions for two years.（2007山东烟台）
答案：1~6 DADDAC
7. were found; pulled out 8. was used 9. was sent 10. has been trained

Unit9 (Reading)
I学习目标
1 通过阅读，提高自己的概括。找关键词和搜索细节信息的能力
2 会读单词知道意思
课文预习
三、写出下列单词的中文并记忆
rank, active, indoors, create, wooden, knock, divide, aim, basket, metal, hoop, shoot, below, backboard, guide, towards, court, develop, popularity, rise/risen, worldwide, association, equipment， knock into fall down divide…into since then
A number of/the number of
四、在课文中勾画短语，写出汉语并背诵短语
travel around…, notice a very popular activity,
a much-loved and active sport, be enjoyed by…,
for fun and exercise, a little more than…,
be played by…, in over 200 countries,
be played in…, be invented by…,
be born in…, at college,
invent a new game, be played indoors,
during the long winters, create a game,
be played on a hard wooden floor, the safety of …,
knock into…, fall down,
divide… into…, teach… how to play…,
get a ball into…, a net hanging from…,
shoot from below…, be used for …,
guide…into…, move towards…,
throw…to…, on December 21st, 1891,
in history, in 1936,
in Berlin,