中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section
4 单元素养升格
Ⅰ.完形填空
It
had
been
a
long
time
since
I
had
been
to
Jacksonville,
Florida.
I
had
driven
to
town
__1__
to
find
the
old
barbershop
where
my
hair
had
been
cut
when
I
was
a
child.
As
I
__2__
around,
I
was
a
little
disappointed
to
see
the
old
buildings
had
been
__3__
with
new
high?rise
ones.
After
walking
about
a
block
I
saw
an
open
shoe
store.
Wondering
whether
I
could
get
the
__4__，
I
walked
in.
As
I
stood
talking
to
the
salesman,
the
front
door
opened
and
a
young
man
about
twenty
came
into
the
store
in
a
__5__.“I
need
a
new
pair
of
shoes，”
said
the
__6__.
As
he
turned
the
corner,
I
was
__7__
to
see
that
the
young
man
had
no
legs.
Seeing
us
__8__，
the
young
man
said，“When
I
was
a
__9__，
my
parents
used
to
buy
me
a
new
pair
of
shoes
every
year.
That
was
such
a
wonderful
feeling—__10__
I
have
never
forgotten.”
Soon
the
salesman
came
with
a
large
box.
He
put
it
down
on
the
floor,
took
out
a
boot
and
handed
it
to
the
young
man.
Placing
the
boot
__11__
his
nose,
the
young
man
closed
both
eyes,
and
took
a
deep
breath.
I
did
not
know
what
to
say
as
tears
began
to
roll
down
his
__12__.
Suddenly
we
heard
the
salesman
shouting
to
an
old
man
__13__
who
looked
in
the
window
from
time
to
time.
The
young
man
looked
at
the
old
man
and
then
turned
to
me.“Would
you
walk
out
and
see
what
__14__that
fellow
wears？”
he
__15__.
Wondering
why,
I
__16__
walked
to
the
front
door,
opened
it
and
asked
the
old
man
to
__17__.“What
size
of
shoes
do
you
wear？”
the
young
man
asked
the
old
man.“I
don't
know，”
he
replied,
as
he
__18__
his
old
tennis
shoes.“I
would
say
nine
and
a
half，”
I
suggested.“What's
your
__19__
hiking
boot
in
nine
and
a
half？”
the
young
man
asked
the
salesman.
Within
a
minute,
the
salesman
returned
with
a
pair
of
hiking
boots.
The
young
man
__20__
out,
took
the
boot,
placed
it
to
his
nose
and
took
a
deep
breath.
Once
again,
tears
came
to
his
eyes.“Sir,
would
you
mind
trying
on
these
boots？”
the
young
man
asked
the
old
fellow.
1．A.needing
B．waiting
C．helping
D．hoping
2．A.wandered
B．jumped
C．ran
D．wondered
3．A.ruined
B．decorated
C．replaced
D．lined
4．A.key
B．answer
C．shoe
D．service
5．A.wheelchair
B．car
C．boot
D．suit
6．A.salesman
B．owner
C．elder
D．customer
7．A.excited
B．shocked
C．shamed
D．embarrassed
8．A.unsatisfied
B．uninterested
C．puzzled
D．worried
9．A.student
B．manager
C．barber
D．kid
10．A.everything
B．something
C．nothing
D．anything
11．A.to
B．over
C．across
D．on
12．A.sleeves
B．hands
C．cheeks
D．legs
13．A.in
horror
B．in
sorrow
C．in
relief
D．in
rags
14．A.color
B．size
C．price
D．material
15．A.requested
B．ordered
C．required
D．begged
16．A.suddenly
B．unwillingly
C．slowly
D．steadily
17．A.leave
B．enter
C．visit
D．meet
18．A.turned
around
B．showed
up
C．turned
back
D．looked
down
at
19．A.best
B．dearest
C．heaviest
D．quickest
20．A.burst
B．looked
C．reached
D．broke
Ⅱ.阅读理解
It
is
quite
apparent
that
competition
surrounds
every
aspect
of
human
life
whether
in
the
United
States
or
the
Amazon
rainforest.
Without
it
we
would
not
have
grown
into
primates(灵长目动物).
Or
we
would
probably
still
be
struggling
to
sharpen
a
bronze
tool
while
crawling
around
on
four
legs
in
search
of
meat.
Without
competition,
Columbus
wouldn't
have
discovered
America
and
Edison
would
never
have
invented
the
light
bulb.
The
friendship,
like
all
relationships
between
two
persons,
involves
competition.
It
isn't
competition
in
a
traditional
sense
because
there
are
no
goals
to
be
scored
and
no
prizes.
Perhaps
the
ecological
definition—the
simultaneous(同时的)
demand
by
two
or
more
organisms
for
limited
environmental
resources,
such
as
nutrients,
living
space,
or
light—better
explains
it.
As
in
nature,
high
school
life
is
governed
by
a
set
of
laws,
similar
to
a
shortened
version
of
Darwin's
theory
of
evolution,
overpopulation,
and
competition.
There
is
an
abundance
of
high
school
students
and
to
distinguish
them,
ranking
and
categorizing(分类)
take
place.
In
high
school,
friendship
coexists
with
competition
even
though
at
times
the
relationship
is
rough.
In
fact,
in
some
circumstances,
competition
is
too
much
of
a
burden
for
friendship
to
bear,
causing
it
to
fall
apart.
College
admission
is
the
final
high
school
objective.
Four
years
of
hard
work
is
to
achieve
good
grades,
and
a
student's
fate
is
determined
not
only
by
these
achievements,
but
by
the
records
of
thousands
of
other
seniors
trying
to
achieve
similar
recognition.
Nevertheless,
by
necessity,
competition
between
students
exists
in
all
aspects
of
high
school
life.
It
sets
and
improves
the
standards
in
everything
from
sports
to
schoolwork.
Healthy,
friendly
competition
can
have
only
benefits,
but
when
it
becomes
too
fierce,
jealousy(妒忌)
can
tear
friendship
apart.
Yet,
despite
all
this,
without
competition,
we
would
be
lost.
1．When
does
the
ecological
definition
mainly
explain?
A．How
friends
compete
with
each
other.
B．How
to
win
the
competition.
C．What
the
result
of
competition
is.
D．What
competition
exactly
is.
2．According
to
the
author,
what
causes
the
high
school
students
to
compete?
A．The
number
of
them
is
too
large.
B．Friendship
is
a
burden
for
them.
C．They
know
the
laws
of
nature
well.
D．They
are
divided
into
different
groups.
3．Which
best
describes
the
relationship
of
friendship
and
competition?
A．Friendship
is
always
based
on
competition.
B．The
degree
of
competition
is
vital
to
friendship.
C．Competition
is
terribly
harmful
to
friendship.
D．Competition
is
a
result
of
lost
friendship.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom给你发来电子邮件，询问怎样才能与同学和睦相处。请你根据要点提示给Tom回一封电子邮件，提出你的建议。
1．尊重别人；
2．宽宏大量；
3．原谅别人的过错。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：心胸开阔的broad?minded
HYPERLINK
"http://www.21cnjy.com/"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section
4 单元素养升格
Ⅰ.完形填空
It
had
been
a
long
time
since
I
had
been
to
Jacksonville,
Florida.
I
had
driven
to
town
__1__
to
find
the
old
barbershop
where
my
hair
had
been
cut
when
I
was
a
child.
As
I
__2__
around,
I
was
a
little
disappointed
to
see
the
old
buildings
had
been
__3__
with
new
high?rise
ones.
After
walking
about
a
block
I
saw
an
open
shoe
store.
Wondering
whether
I
could
get
the
__4__，
I
walked
in.
As
I
stood
talking
to
the
salesman,
the
front
door
opened
and
a
young
man
about
twenty
came
into
the
store
in
a
__5__.“I
need
a
new
pair
of
shoes，”
said
the
__6__.
As
he
turned
the
corner,
I
was
__7__
to
see
that
the
young
man
had
no
legs.
Seeing
us
__8__，
the
young
man
said，“When
I
was
a
__9__，
my
parents
used
to
buy
me
a
new
pair
of
shoes
every
year.
That
was
such
a
wonderful
feeling—__10__
I
have
never
forgotten.”
Soon
the
salesman
came
with
a
large
box.
He
put
it
down
on
the
floor,
took
out
a
boot
and
handed
it
to
the
young
man.
Placing
the
boot
__11__
his
nose,
the
young
man
closed
both
eyes,
and
took
a
deep
breath.
I
did
not
know
what
to
say
as
tears
began
to
roll
down
his
__12__.
Suddenly
we
heard
the
salesman
shouting
to
an
old
man
__13__
who
looked
in
the
window
from
time
to
time.
The
young
man
looked
at
the
old
man
and
then
turned
to
me.“Would
you
walk
out
and
see
what
__14__that
fellow
wears？”
he
__15__.
Wondering
why,
I
__16__
walked
to
the
front
door,
opened
it
and
asked
the
old
man
to
__17__.“What
size
of
shoes
do
you
wear？”
the
young
man
asked
the
old
man.“I
don't
know，”
he
replied,
as
he
__18__
his
old
tennis
shoes.“I
would
say
nine
and
a
half，”
I
suggested.“What's
your
__19__
hiking
boot
in
nine
and
a
half？”
the
young
man
asked
the
salesman.
Within
a
minute,
the
salesman
returned
with
a
pair
of
hiking
boots.
The
young
man
__20__
out,
took
the
boot,
placed
it
to
his
nose
and
took
a
deep
breath.
Once
again,
tears
came
to
his
eyes.“Sir,
would
you
mind
trying
on
these
boots？”
the
young
man
asked
the
old
fellow.
语篇解读：本文讲述了一位没有双脚的陌生青年为一位陌生穷苦老人买鞋的感人故事。
1．A.needing
B．waiting
C．helping
D．hoping
D 解析：根据空后的“where
my
hair
had
been
cut
when
I
was
a
child”及下文内容可知，作者希望(hoping)找到这家理发店。
2．A.wandered
B．jumped
C．ran
D．wondered
A 解析：当作者闲逛(wandered)时，看到老的建筑被新的高楼替代(replaced)，作者有一点失望。
3．A.ruined
B．decorated
C．replaced
D．lined
C 解析：参见上题解析。
4．A.key
B．answer
C．shoe
D．service
B 解析：从上文可知作者在找那家理发店，作者看到一家开着门的鞋店，他想寻求回答(answer)，所以他走了进去。
5．A.wheelchair
B．car
C．boot
D．suit
A 解析：根据下文中的“had
no
legs”可推知，这个年轻人是坐着轮椅(wheelchair)进店的。
6．A.salesman
B．owner
C．elder
D．customer
D 解析：根据空前的“I
need
a
new
pair
of
shoes”可知，进店的那位年轻人是一个顾客(customer)。
7．A.excited
B．shocked
C．shamed
D．embarrassed
B 解析：作者很震惊(shocked)地看到这个年轻人没有脚。excite
“兴奋”；shame
“惭愧”；embarrass
“尴尬，窘迫”。
8．A.unsatisfied
B．uninterested
C．puzzled
D．worried
C 解析：根据下文那个年轻人解释自己为什么买鞋可知，此处表示“看到我们疑惑(puzzled)，那个年轻人解释道”。
9．A.student
B．manager
C．barber
D．kid
D 解析：根据语境可知，当这个年轻人还是个孩子(kid)的时候，父母每年都会给他买双新鞋。student“学生”；manager
“经理”；barber
“理发师”。
10．A.everything
B．something
C．nothing
D．anything
B 解析：根据空前的破折号可知，空处是对其前“such
a
wonderful
feeling”的补充说明，表示“一种至今难以忘怀的东西(something)”。
11．A.to
B．over
C．across
D．on
A 解析：根据下文中的“placed
it
to
his
nose”可知答案为A。
12．A.sleeves
B．hands
C．cheeks
D．legs
C 解析：作者看到年轻人泪流满面，不知说什么好。cheek“面颊，脸颊”符合语境，故选C。
13．A.in
horror
B．in
sorrow
C．in
relief
D．in
rags
D 解析：根据鞋店售货员吼窗外老人和年轻人要给老人买鞋可推断，该老人应该是穿着比较破烂(in
rags)。in
horror
“惊恐地”；in
sorrow
“悲痛地”；in
relief
“如释重负地”。
14．A.color
B．size
C．price
D．material
B 解析：根据下文“What
size
of
shoes
do
you
wear？”可知，这位年轻人请求作者去询问窗外老人所穿鞋子的尺码(size)。故正确答案为B。
15．A.requested
B．ordered
C．required
D．begged
A 解析：作者和该年轻人是陌生人，故此处应表示请求作者。request
“请求”符合语境。
16．A.suddenly
B．unwillingly
C．slowly
D．steadily
C 解析：根据空前的“Wondering
why”及语境可知，此时作者心里充满疑惑，这个年轻人为什么要问这位老人穿多大尺码的鞋，所以作者应该是慢慢地(slowly)走出去。suddenly
“突然”；unwillingly
“不愿意地”；steadily
“稳定地”。
17．A.leave
B．enter
C．visit
D．meet
B 解析：从下文在店内的年轻人为老人买鞋可知，老人从店外进到了(enter)店内。
18．A.turned
around
B．showed
up
C．turned
back
D．looked
down
at
D 解析：当老人听到年轻人问起鞋子的尺码时，就低头看(looked
down
at)脚上的鞋子。turn
around“转身，扭转”；show
up
“出现”；turn
back
“折回，掉转头”。
19．A.best
B．dearest
C．heaviest
D．quickest
A 解析：根据语境可知，那个年轻人要为老人买最好的(best)鞋子。dear
“昂贵的”；heavy
“沉重的”；quick
“迅速的”。
20．A.burst
B．looked
C．reached
D．broke
C 解析：根据下文“took
the
boot,
placed
it...breath”
等动作可知，第一个动作应该是伸出手(reached
out)接过鞋子。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
It
is
quite
apparent
that
competition
surrounds
every
aspect
of
human
life
whether
in
the
United
States
or
the
Amazon
rainforest.
Without
it
we
would
not
have
grown
into
primates(灵长目动物).
Or
we
would
probably
still
be
struggling
to
sharpen
a
bronze
tool
while
crawling
around
on
four
legs
in
search
of
meat.
Without
competition,
Columbus
wouldn't
have
discovered
America
and
Edison
would
never
have
invented
the
light
bulb.
The
friendship,
like
all
relationships
between
two
persons,
involves
competition.
It
isn't
competition
in
a
traditional
sense
because
there
are
no
goals
to
be
scored
and
no
prizes.
Perhaps
the
ecological
definition—the
simultaneous(同时的)
demand
by
two
or
more
organisms
for
limited
environmental
resources,
such
as
nutrients,
living
space,
or
light—better
explains
it.
As
in
nature,
high
school
life
is
governed
by
a
set
of
laws,
similar
to
a
shortened
version
of
Darwin's
theory
of
evolution,
overpopulation,
and
competition.
There
is
an
abundance
of
high
school
students
and
to
distinguish
them,
ranking
and
categorizing(分类)
take
place.
In
high
school,
friendship
coexists
with
competition
even
though
at
times
the
relationship
is
rough.
In
fact,
in
some
circumstances,
competition
is
too
much
of
a
burden
for
friendship
to
bear,
causing
it
to
fall
apart.
College
admission
is
the
final
high
school
objective.
Four
years
of
hard
work
is
to
achieve
good
grades,
and
a
student's
fate
is
determined
not
only
by
these
achievements,
but
by
the
records
of
thousands
of
other
seniors
trying
to
achieve
similar
recognition.
Nevertheless,
by
necessity,
competition
between
students
exists
in
all
aspects
of
high
school
life.
It
sets
and
improves
the
standards
in
everything
from
sports
to
schoolwork.
Healthy,
friendly
competition
can
have
only
benefits,
but
when
it
becomes
too
fierce,
jealousy(妒忌)
can
tear
friendship
apart.
Yet,
despite
all
this,
without
competition,
we
would
be
lost.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
1．When
does
the
ecological
definition
mainly
explain?
A．How
friends
compete
with
each
other.
B．How
to
win
the
competition.
C．What
the
result
of
competition
is.
D．What
competition
exactly
is.
D 解析：细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是Perhaps
the
ecological
definition
better
explains
it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”；两个破折号之间的内容解释“the
ecological
definition”。故选D项。
2．According
to
the
author,
what
causes
the
high
school
students
to
compete?
A．The
number
of
them
is
too
large.
B．Friendship
is
a
burden
for
them.
C．They
know
the
laws
of
nature
well.
D．They
are
divided
into
different
groups.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为为了区分学生人数众多，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。
3．Which
best
describes
the
relationship
of
friendship
and
competition?
A．Friendship
is
always
based
on
competition.
B．The
degree
of
competition
is
vital
to
friendship.
C．Competition
is
terribly
harmful
to
friendship.
D．Competition
is
a
result
of
lost
friendship.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy,
friendly
competition
can...can
tear
friendship
apart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂，因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom给你发来电子邮件，询问怎样才能与同学和睦相处。请你根据要点提示给Tom回一封电子邮件，提出你的建议。
1．尊重别人；
2．宽宏大量；
3．原谅别人的过错。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2.不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：心胸开阔的broad?minded
One
possible
version：
Dear
Tom，
How
are
you?
You
asked
me
how
to
get
along
well
with
other
students.Here,
I'd
give
you
some
suggestions.
Firstly,
we
should
keep
in
mind
that
any
good
relationship
is
based
on
understanding,
trust
and
respect.If
we
respect
others
and
treat
them
sincerely,
we
are
sure
to
gain
their
respect
in
return.Secondly,
one
person
who
is
ready
to
help
others
is
always
welcome.Thirdly,
we
should
be
broad?minded,
which
means
that
we
should
respect
opinions
and
behaviours
different
from
ours.We
should
also
learn
to
forgive
other
people's
faults.
I
hope
my
suggestions
will
be
helpful
for
you.Good
luck
with
your
new
relationship
with
others!
Yours
truly，
Li
Hua
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