(共45张PPT)
Unit
1
Great
scientists
1.
To
get
some
information
about
some
famous
scientists
2.
To
understand
the
passage
John
Snow
defeats
“King
Cholera”
3.
To
summarise
the
main
idea
and
retell
the
stages
for
John
Snow’s
research
4.
To
know
how
to
protect
people
from
infectious
diseases
There
are
some
great
scientific
achievements
that
have
changed
the
world.
Can
you
name
some
of
them?
What
do
you
know
about
great
scientists?
1.
Who
discovered
that
objects
in
water
are
lifted
up
by
a
force
that
helps
them
float?
an
ancient
Greek
mathematician
&
physicist
Archimedes
(287-212
BC)
Archimedes’
principle
阿基米德定律(浮力)
Levers(杠杆)
His
great
findings:
Give
me
a
place
to
stand,
and
I
shall
move
the
world.
——
Archimedes
If
you
put
an
object
into
water
the
water
pushes
the
object
up.
It
rises
and
partly
floats.
The
force
of
the
water
pushing
it
up
is
the
same
as
the
weight
of
the
object.
2.
Who
wrote
a
book
explaining
how
animals
and
plants
developed
as
the
environment
changed?
The
Origin
of
Species
Charles
Darwin
(1808-1882)
British
author
It
explains
how
plants
and
animals
changed
over
time
to
fit
in
with
a
changing
environment.
He
improved
the
first
steam
pump
(泵;抽水机)
and
turned
it
into
a
steam
engine
for
taking
water
out
of
mines
in
1712.
3.
Who
invented
the
first
steam
engine?
Thomas
Newcomen
(1663-1729),
British
4.
Who
used
peas
to
show
how
physical
characteristics
are
passed
from
parents
to
their
children?
developed
ideas
on
heredity
(遗传学)
and
inherited
(继承,
承传)
characteristics
Gregor
Mendel
(1822-1884),
Czech（捷克人）
5.
Who
discovered
radium?
She
was
the
first
woman
to
win
the
Nobel
Prize,
the
first
person
and
only
woman
to
win
twice.
Marie
Curie
(1867-1934)
Polish
and
French
The
discovery
of
radium
meant
that
she
began
a
new
scientific
area
of
research.
6.
Who
invented
the
way
of
giving
electricity
to
everybody
in
large
cities?
Thomas
Edison
(1847-1931)
American
inventor
Inventions:
Phonograph
留声机
Light
bulb电灯泡
Motion
picture
camera
电影摄影机
7.
Who
was
the
painter
that
studied
dead
bodies
to
improve
his
painting
of
people?
Leonardo
da
Vinci
(1452-1519),
Italian
artist
masterpieces
8.
Who
invented
a
lamp
to
keep
miners
safe
underground?
Sir
Humphry
Davy
(1778-1829),
British
the
safe
lamp
for
miners
9.
Who
invented
the
earliest
instrument
to
tell
people
where
earthquakes
happened?
invented
the
first
seismograph地动仪
Zhang
Heng
(78-139),
Chinese
10.
Who
put
forward
a
theory
about
black
holes?
worked
on
astronomy
and
studied
black
holes
in
space
Stephen
Hawking
(1942-2018)
British
scientist
He
has
shown
that
black
holes
do
not
only
absorb
everything
around
them
but,
from
time
to
time,
throw
out
matter
as
well.
put
forward
提出
e.g.
He
put
forward
a
valuable
suggestion
at
the
meeting.
Josh
put
forward
a
plan
for
an
outing
this
weekend.
【拓展】
我们在以前还学过表示“提出”的短语，它们是
________
和come
up
with。
bring
up
常见的put短语还有：
put
away
收起来；存蓄
put
off
推迟，延期
put
on
穿上，戴上；上演
put
out
使熄灭；生产；出版
put
through
接通电话；使经历；使通过
put
up
举起；修建；张贴
选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1)
The
suggestion
___________
by
Mr.
Wang
at
yesterday’s
meeting
was
a
wonderful
one.
2)
They
decided
to
______
the
picnic
because
of
the
rain.
put
forward
put
off
返回
11.
Who
discovered
artemisinin
(also
known
as
qinghaosu)?
Tu
Youyou
(1930-)
Chinese
scientist
She
is
the
first
Chinese
Nobel
laureate
in
physiology
or
medicine
and
the
first
female
citizen
of
the
People’s
Republic
of
China
to
receive
a
Nobel
Prize
in
any
category,
as
well
as
the
first
Chinese
person
to
receive
the
Lasker
Award
(拉斯克医学奖——美国最具声望的生物医学奖项).
1.
Do
you
know
how
to
prove
a
new
idea
in
scientific
research?
Discuss
in
small
groups
the
stages
in
setting
out
a
new
scientific
idea.
What
order
would
you
put
them
in?
Draw
a
conclusion
Think
of
a
method
Collect
results
Make
a
question
Find
a
problem
Analyse
the
results
Find
supporting
evidence
Please
put
the
7
stages
in
right
order
according
to
the
passage.
Draw
a
conclusion
Think
of
a
method
Collect
results
Make
a
question
Find
a
problem
Analyse
the
results
Find
supporting
evidence
How
to
prove
a
idea
2.
What
do
you
know
about
infectious
diseases?
What
do
you
know
about
cholera?
Cholera
is
the
illness
caused
by
a
bacterium
(细菌)
called
Vibrio
cholerae.
It
infects
people’s
intestines
(肠),
causing
diarrhea
(腹泻),
vomiting
and
leg
cramps(腿抽筋).
People
even
die
quickly
from
a
loss
of
liquid.
Seven
cholera
pandemics
have
occurred
in
the
past
200
years.
Let’s
take
the
third
cholera
pandemic
(霍乱大流行)
(1852–1860)
as
an
example
to
see
its
“power”.
Place
Deaths
Russia
one
million
1858-1860
Tokyo,
Japan
100,000
–200,000
1854
Chicago
3,500
1853–1854
London
10,739
1854–1855
Spain
over
236,000
Mexico
200,000
Because
of
some
scientists’
great
efforts
now
the
cholera
is
not
as
serious
as
that
time.
Do
you
know
whom
we
should
thank?
John
Snow.
3.
Look
at
the
picture,
the
map
and
the
title
and
predict
the
content
of
the
reading
passage.
Then
skim
it
quickly
to
see
if
you
are
right.
John
Snow
Defeats
“King
Cholera”
John
Snow
Read
the
passage
quickly
and
complete
the
main
idea
of
it.
The
text
is
mainly
about
how
John
Snow
_______________.
defeated
cholera
Skim
the
passage
and
find
the
number
below
and
the
relevant
happening
in
the
passage.
Two
theories
In
1854
500,10
The
first
suggested
that
cholera
multiplied
in
the
air.
The
second
suggested
that
people
absorbed
this
disease
into
their
bodies
with
their
meals.
Another
outbreak
hit
London.
More
than
500
people
had
died
in
10
days.
16,
37,
38
and
40
20,
21;
8,
9
7
These
number
in
Broad
Street
near
the
water
pump
had
many
of
the
death.
20
and
21
Broad
Street
and
8
and
9
Cambridge
Street
had
no
deaths…
They
didn’t
drink
the
water
from
the
Broad
Street
pump.
These
families
worked
in
the
pub
at
7
Cambridge
Street.
Read
the
passage
and
number
these
events
in
the
order
that
they
happened.
__
John
Snow
began
to
test
two
theories.
__
An
outbreak
of
cholera
hit
London
in
1854.
__
John
Snow
marked
the
deaths
on
a
map.
__
He
announced
that
the
water
carried
the
disease.
__
John
Snow
investigated
two
streets
where
the
outbreak
was
very
severe.
__
King
Cholera
was
defeated.
__
He
found
that
most
of
the
deaths
were
near
a
water
pump.
__
He
had
the
handle
removed
from
the
water
pump.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Read
the
text
“John
Snow
Defeats
‘King
Cholera’”
carefully,
and
fill
in
the
blanks.
How
John
Snow
defeats
“King
Cholera”a
Find
a
problem
What
cause
cholera?
Thousands
of
people
died
of
cholera,
but
nobody
knew
the
1.
________
of
the
serious
disease.
Make
a
question
Which
theory
is
correct?
★Theory
one:
Cholera
2.
_________
in
the
air
and
floated
around
until
it
found
its
victims.
★Theory
two:
The
disease
went
into
people’s
bodies
through
their
3.
________.
Think
of
a
method
Collect
data
on
those
who
were
ill
or
died
and
where
they
got
their
water.
cause?
multiplied
meals
?
Collect
information
★He
4.
________
on
a
map
the
places
where
dead
people
had
lived.
★?He
found
many
of
the
deaths
were
near
the
5.
__________
in
Broad
Street.
★?He
discovered
people
who
hadn’t
drunk?the
water
weren’t
sick.
Analyse
the
results
He
looked
into
the
6.
________
of
the
water
to
see
if
the
cause
was
the
water
from
the
pump.
marked?
water
pump
source?
Find
supporting
evidence
People
died
of
cholera
after
drinking
the
polluted
water.
Draw
a
conclusion
★Polluted
water
carried
the
7.
________.?
??
★The
source
of
all
the
water
supplies
should
be
8.
________.
virus?
examined
Many
deaths
happened
here.
No
death
happened
here.
The
water
from
the
pump
was
to
blame.
Public
house
Clue:
free
beer
from
public
house
Result:
The
water
came
from
the
river
which
had
been
polluted
by
the
dirty
water
from
London.
Read
the
passage
and
answer
these
questions.
1.
John
Snow
believed
Idea
2
was
right.
How
did
he
finally
prove
it?
John
Snow
finally
proved
his
idea
because
he
found
an
outbreak
that
was
clearly
related
to
cholera,
collected
information
and
was
able
to
tie
cases
outside
the
area
to
the
polluted
water.
2.
Do
you
think
John
Snow
would
have
solved
this
problem
without
the
map?
Give
a
reason.
No.
The
map
helped
John
Snow
organize
his
ideas.
He
was
able
to
identify
those
households
that
had
many
deaths
and
had
no
deaths
and
check
their
water-drinking
habits.
The
evidence
clearly
pointed
to
the
polluted
water
being
the
cause.
Below
is
a
summary
of
the
text
with
some
words
missing.
Choose
the
words
from
the
box
and
make
the
summary
complete.
Then
try
to
retell
the
story
to
your
partners.
most,
river,
London,
John
Snow,
companies,
pump,
water,
sources
No
one
understood
cholera
and
every
time
it
came,
thousands
died.
Queen
Victoria’s
doctor,
____________,
wanted
to
find
out
how
it
was
caused.
When
the
disease
came
to
________
again
in
1854,
Snow
noticed
that
________
of
the
500
people
who
died
had
drunk
water
from
a
water
pump
in
Broad
Street.
John
Snow
London
most
most,
river,
London,
John
Snow,
companies,
pump,
water,
sources
He
concluded
that
the
________
was
to
blame
and
found
that
the
pump’s
water
came
from
a
dirty
________.
After
he
stopped
people
from
using
the
________,
people
gradually
stopped
dying.
water
river
pump
most,
river,
London,
John
Snow,
companies,
pump,
water,
sources
Snow
suggested
all
________
of
water
be
checked
and
water
____________
take
care
not
to
supply
people
with
dirty
water.
In
this
way,
cholera
was
defeated.
sources
companies
most,
river,
London,
John
Snow,
companies,
pump,
water,
sources
Cholera
was
a
19th
century
disease.
What
disease
do
you
think
is
similar
to
cholera
today?
Why?
Keep
the
kitchen
clean.
Only
eat
food
that’s
been
thoroughly
cooked.
How
to
protect
yourself
from
infectious
diseases?
Drink
boiled
water.
Wash
hands
frequently.
Keep
away
from
flies.
Choose
fresh
food.
Dispose
rubbish
properly.
1.
Find
more
information
about
John
Snow
and
cholera.
2.
发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字)。
expert,
physician,
absorb,
enquiry,
severe,
foresee,
pollute,
link
…
to
…,
announce,
instruct.(共6张PPT)
John
Snow
John
Snow
(1813-1858)
John
Snow
was
born
in
York
on
March
15th,
1813,
the
oldest
of
nine
children.
York
London
His
father
worked
as
a
laborer.
While
poor,
his
parents
were
determined
to
give
their
children
whatever
educational
opportunities
they
could
afford.
He
was
educated
at
a
private
school
in
his
native
city
until
the
age
of
fourteen,
when
he
was
apprenticed
(当学徒)
to
William
Hardcastle,
a
surgeon
(外科医生)
living
at
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
After
serving
for
a
short
time
as
a
surgeon
and
unqualified
assistant
during
the
cholera
epidemic
of
1831-1982,
he
became
in
October
1836
a
student
at
the
Hunterian
School
of
medicine
in
Great
Windmill
Street,
London.
He
began
to
attend
the
medical
practice
at
the
Westminster
Hospital
in
the
following
October.
1836
37
38
39
40
1845
41
42
43
44
He
graduated
M.D.
of
the
University
of
London
on
20
Dec.
1844,
and
in
1850
he
was
admitted
a
licentiate
of
the
Royal
College
of
Physicians.
He
designed
a
chloroform
inhaler(氯仿吸入器),
described
in
his
book,
On
Chloroform
and
other
Anesthetics,
published
in
1858.
Dr.
Snow
was
also
a
prominent
anesthesiologist(麻醉师)
What
else
was
he
famous
for?
