(共26张PPT)
今日课题
阅读七选五
（专题二）
段中设空题
7世仁教育
已7教(
阅读理解七选五专题二
)
(
第10讲
)
(
知识点睛
)
一、
“七选五”题型的命题分析
“七选五”型阅读理解题，试题模式为：给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。21世纪教育网版权所有
阅读理解选择题部分的文章是完整的，在通读文章或查读细节时，思路不会被打断。而此题型文章中有5处空白，在阅读过程中，如果不明白文章的主旨和段落主题、作者的写作意图，就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白，自然就很难选出正确答案。而一个空填错势必又影响到对另外一个空的选择。另外，此题有5个空白处，却提供7个选项，因此有2个选项是多余的干扰选项，从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。
该题型要求同学们从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。21cnjy.com
二、七选五的考查要点
这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了更高层次的要求，即不仅要有阅读速度，要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次。2·1·c·n·j·y
不过，只要了解了这种新题型所考查的要点，出题位置，在阅读文章时有意识地加强对文章写作思路和结构组织安排的理解，掌握英语文章常见的几种写作结构，对迅速增强此类新题型的应对能力还是非常有帮助的。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
三、七选五的解题步骤
1）在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段第一句、末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。www-2-1-cnjy-com
2）边读边做题，重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。做题时可以采用代入排除法。【出处：21教育名师】
3）在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
四、七选五的解题策略
1）从意思上判断
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。
2）从词汇上锁定线索
做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
3）从关联词上查找
由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。常见的关联词有下面这些：
(a)并列与递进关系：and,
or,
also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,
similarly,
equally,
in
the
same
way,
that
is
to
say
,as
well
as,
the
same
…as,
besides,
additionally,
furthermore,
moreover,
in
addition
to
,what
is
more
(b)因果关系：because,
for,
since,
as,
thus,
hence,
therefore,
so,
so…that,
consequently,
accordingly,
due
to,
thanks
to,
as
a
result,
because
of,
in
that,
for
this
reason,
of
course
(c)转折让步关系：but,
however,
yet,
on
the
contrary,
by
contrast,
on
the
other
hand,
unfortunately,
while,
whereas,
unlike,
rather
than,
instead
of,
it
is
true
that,
of
course,although,
though,
even
though,
even
if,
nevertheless,
despite,
in
spite
of
(d)时间关系：afterwards,
at
first,
at
last,
finally,
first,
firstly,
in
the
first
place,to
start
with，in
the
mean
time,
last,
later,
next,
second,
secondly,
then,
third,
thirdly,
to
begin
with以及一些具体的时间。
4）根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略
1)如果问题在段首
(a)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，或者在末句------查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
(b)与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。
(c)段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2)如果问题在段尾
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，根据段落一致性原则，或者在首句锁定关键词。
(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,
as
a
result,
thus,
hence,
in
short,
to
sum
up,
to
conclude,
in
a
word等词语，选项中也发现前文同义词句。
(c)与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。
(
经典精讲
)
例题分析：
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking
good
notes
is
a
time-saving
skill
that
will
help
you
to
become
a
better
student
in
several
ways
71 Second,
your
notes
are
excellent
materials
to
refer
to
when
you
are
studying
for
a
test.
Third,
note-taking
offers
variety
to
your
study
time
and
helps
you
to
hold
your
interest.
You
will
want
to
take
notes
during
classroom
discussions
and
while
reading
a
textbook
or
doing
research
for
a
report. 72
Whenever
or
however
you
take
notes,
keep
in
mind
that
note-taking
is
a
selective
process. 73 ．
The
following
methods
may
work
best
for
you.
●Read
the
text
quickly
to
find
the
main
facts
and
ideas
in
it.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
●Carefully
read
the
text
and
watch
for
words
that
can
show
main
points
and
supporting
facts.
●Write
your
notes
in
your
own
words.
● 74 ．
●Note
any
questions
or
ideas
you
may
have
about
what
was
said
or
written.21
cnjy
com
As
you
take
notes,
you
may
want
to
use
your
own
shorthand(速记).
When
you
do,
be
sure
that
you
understand
your
symbols
and
that
you
use
them
all
the
time. 75 ．
A.
Use
words,
not
complete
sentences.
B.
There
are
three
practical
note-taking
methods.2-1-c-n-j-y
C.
You
must
write
your
notes
on
separate
paper.
D.
Otherwise,
you
may
not
be
able
to
read
your
notes
later.
E.
you
will
also
want
to
develop
your
own
method
for
taking
notes.
F.
That
means
you
must
first
decide
what
is
important
enough
to
include
in
your
notes.
G.
First,
the
simple
act
of
writing
something
down
makes
it
easier
for
you
to
understand
and
remember
it.
思路分析：
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立的语义单位，各段都围绕“Taking
good
notes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构。
第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法，第四段讲述的是要记住自己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。
第一段的第一句“Taking
good
notes
is
a
time-saving
skill
that
will
help
you
to
become
a
better
student
in
several
ways”与下面几句是解释关系，解释关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子解释、引申、例证，使意思更加明了、具体。后三句之间是平列关系，平列关系指句与句之间处于平等并列地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题。平列关系组合的语段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改变句子的相互位置并不改变整个语段的意思。
第二段的第一句与第二句是层递关系，层递关系是一种固定的顺序关系，但又不同与顺序关系，顺序关系指构成语段的各句子只能按事物发展的过程由先而后地顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常在记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中用得普遍，而层递关系组合的语段是按语意的轻重、认识的深浅作由轻到重、由浅入深的排列。第三句与第四句是解释关系，第一、二句组合为一个语段，第三、四句组合为另外一个语段，语段与语段之间是总分关系，总分关系是指前面的句子陈述两个过两个以上的对象，后面的句子紧接着分别对它们加以说明。用这种方式组合的语段能够前呼后应，彼此配合，使语脉清楚，条分缕析，如“Whenever
or
however
you
take
notes”一句与前两句前呼后应，彼此配合，为前句选“E.
you
will
also
want
to
develop
your
own
method
for
taking
notes.
”埋伏了一笔，逻辑性很强。
第三段的第一句与下面几句是解释关系，而后列举的方法是平列关系。
第四段的最后两句是转折关系，转折关系指句与句之间存在意义的转折，通常表达对比或对照的意思。
(
实战演练
)
A
How
to
Be
Creative
Most
of
us
think
that
creativity
is
a
quality
belonging
only
to
artists，writers，or
dancers，rather
than
ourselves.____1____The
following
tips
are
a
great
beginning
for
developing
our
creativity.2-1-c-n-j-y
Get
out
of
your
comfort
zone
We
eagerly
accept
the
familiar
and
fear
the
unknown.Break
out
of
your
usual
patterns
and
welcome
creativity
into
your
life.As
stated
earlier，the
human
brain
was
designed
to
recognize
patterns.____2____In
fact，our
comfort
zone
is
nothing
more
than
a
collection
of
patterns.As
we
become
more
efficient
at
recognizing
and
using
patterns，we
rely
less
on
creativity
to
find
new
paths.We
should
force
ourselves
out
of
our
comfort
zones
and
open
up
new
possibilities.21
cnjy
com
Try
different
things
If
you
always
do
what
you've
always
done，you'll
always
get
what
you've
always
got.We
are
creatures
of
habits
and
routines，and
creativity
hates
routines.If
you
usually
drive
to
work，take
the
subway
for
a
few
days.____3____Interrupt
your
routine，experiment
and
try
something
new.New
things
are
often
creative，but
the
same
old
thing
never
is.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
4____
Having
a
great
idea
is
not
enough;
you
must
work
to
make
it
a
reality.Have
you
ever
seen
a
new
product
and
realized
that
you
thought
of
the
same
thing
long
ago？Yet
someone
else
is
making
money
with
“your”
idea.____5____The
difference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.Do
whatever
it
takes
to
bring
your
ideas
to
life.If
you
can
put
them
into
practice，you
are
well
on
your
way
to
improving
your
creativity
in
all
areas
of
your
life.【版权所有：21教育】
A．Take
action
B．Seek
several
options
C．Think
from
the
other
person's
point
of
view.
D．If
you
normally
eat
in
the
office，have
lunch
under
a
tree.
E．The
truth
is
that
we
are
all
born
with
the
capacity
to
be
creative.
F．We
continue
to
create
patterns
and
routines
for
almost
everything
we
do.
G．We
all
have
great
ideas
sometimes，but
only
a
few
people
turn
their
ideas
into
realities.21教育名师原创作品
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一些培养创造力的技巧。
1．[解析] 根据空后的“The
following
tips
are
a
great
beginning
for
developing
our
creativity.”可知，事实上，我们是天生有创造力的，问题是如何开发这些创造力出处：21教育名师】
[答案]
2．[解析] 根据上下文的“Break
out
of
your
usual
patterns”“to
recognize
patterns”和“a
collection
of
patterns”可知。
[答案]
3．[解析] 根据空前的一句和空后的“Interrupt
your
routine，experiment
and
try
something
new.”可推知，我们应有所创新，打破常规。21
cnjy
com
[答案]
4．[解析] 根据下文的“The
difference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.”可知，有了梦想后，最重要的是要立即行动。
[答案]
5．[解析] 根据上文中的“Having
a
great
idea
is
not
enough；you
must
work
to
make
it
a
reality.”与下文中的“The
difference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.”可知。21
cnjy
com
[答案]
B
(·高考创新押题)
Forgiveness
To
forgive
is
a
virtue，but
no
one
has
ever
said
it
is
easy.When
someone
has
deeply
hurt
you，it
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
let
go
of
your
hate.However，forgiveness
is
possible，and
it
can
be
surprisingly
beneficial
to
your
physical
and
mental
health.People
who
forgive
show
less
sadness，anger
and
stress
and
more
hopefulness，according
to
a
recent
research.21cnjy.com
1____Try
the
following
steps：
Calm
yourself.____2____You
can
take
a
couple
of
breaths
and
think
of
something
that
gives
you
pleasure:
a
beautiful
scene
in
nature，or
someone
you
love.
Don't
wait
for
an
apology.Many
times
the
person
who
hurt
you
does
not
intend
to
apologize.They
may
have
wanted
to
hurt
you
or
they
just
don't
see
things
the
same
way.____3____Keep
in
mind
that
forgiveness
does
not
necessarily
mean
becoming
friends
again
with
the
person
who
upset
you.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Take
the
control
away
from
your
offender(冒犯者)．Rethinking
about
your
hurt
gives
power
to
the
person
who
causes
you
pain.Instead
of
focusing
on
your
mounded(半埋没的)
feelings，learn
to
look
for
the
love，beauty
and
kindness
around
you.
4____If
you
understand
your
offender，you
may
realize
that
he
or
she
was
acting
out
of
unawareness，fear，and
even
love.You
may
want
to
write
a
letter
to
yourself
from
your
offender's
point
of
view.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Don't
forget
to
forgive
yourself.____5____But
it
can
rob
you
of
your
self－confidence
if
you
don't
do
it.21·世纪
教育网
A．Why
should
you
forgive？
B．How
should
you
start
to
forgive?
C．Recognize
the
benefits
of
forgiveness.
D．Try
to
see
things
from
you
offender's
angle.
E．For
some
people，forgiving
themselves
is
the
biggest
challenge.
F．To
make
your
anger
die
away，try
a
simple
stress
management
technique.【版权所有：21教育】
G．If
you
wait
for
people
to
apologize，you
could
be
waiting
an
awfully
long
time.21教育网
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍人们宽恕别人的方法和途径。
1．[解析] 根据前面的“People
who
forgive
show
less
sadness，anger
and
stress
and
more
hopefulness，according
to
a
recent
research.”和后面的“Try
the
following
steps：”可知此处应该是“如何原谅别人”。2·1·c·n·j·y
[答案]
2．[解析] 空前说要冷静，空后说了主动使自己冷静下来的方法，那么此处应该是说要让自己的怒气消失，应该试试一些方法F。21世纪21世纪教育网有
[答案]
3．[解析] 根据空前的内容可知不要等别人来向你道歉，伤害你的人通常是不会道歉的，而且他们可能就是想伤害你，或者他们看问题的方式与你不同，后面又说原谅并不意味着你要和伤害过你的人重新成为朋友。
[答案]
4．[解析] 根据“If
you
understand
your
offender，you
may
realize
that
he
or
she
was
acting
out
of
unawareness，fear，and
even
love.”可知此处应该是尝试从冒犯者的角度去看待问题。21·cn·jy·com
[答案]
5．[解析] 根据空前的“Don't
forget
to
forgive
yourself.”可知对一些人来说，原谅自己是最大的挑战。21世纪教育网21-cn-jy.com
[答案]
(
巩固练习
)
1
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every
animal
sleeps,
but
the
reason
for
this
has
remained
foggy.
When
lab
rats
are
not
allowed
to
sleep,
they
die
within
a
month.
71
21教育名师原创作品
One
idea
is
that
sleep
helps
us
strengthen
new
memories.
72
We
know
that,
while
awake,
fresh
memories
are
recorded
by
reinforcing
(加强)
connections
between
brain
cells,
but
the
memory
processes
that
take
place
while
we
sleep
have
been
unclear.
Support
is
growing
for
a
theory
that
sleep
evolved
so
that
connections
between
neurons(神经元)
in
the
brain
can
be
weakened
overnight,
making
room
for
fresh
memories
to
form
the
next
day.
73
Now
we
have
the
most
direct
evidence
yet
that
he
is
right.
74
The
synapses
in
the
mice
taken
at
the
end
of
a
period
of
sleep
were
18
per
cent
smaller
than
those
taken
before
sleep,
showing
that
the
connections
between
neurons
weaken
while
sleeping.
If
Tononi’s
theory
is
right,
it
would
explain
why,
when
we
miss
a
night`s,
we
find
it
harder
the
next
day
to
concentrate
and
learn
new
information
—
our
brains
may
have
smaller
room
for
new
experiences.
Their
research
also
suggests
how
we
may
build
lasting
memories
over
time
even
though
the
synapses
become
thinner.
The
team
discovered
that
some
synapses
seem
to
be
protected
and
stayed
the
same
size.
75
“You
keep
what
matters,”
Tononi
says.
A.
We
should
also
try
to
sleep
well
the
night
before.
B.
It’s
as
if
the
brain
is
preserving
its
most
important
memories.
C.
Similarly,
when
people
go
for
a
few
days
without
sleeping,
they
get
sick.
D.
The
processes
take
place
to
stop
our
brains
becoming
loaded
with
memories.
E.
That’s
why
students
do
better
in
tests
if
they
get
a
chance
to
sleep
after
learning.
F.
“Sleep
is
the
price
we
pay
for
learning,”
says
Giulio
Tononi,
who
developed
the
idea.
G.
Tononi’s
team
measured
the
size
of
these
connections,
or
synapses,
in
the
brains
of
12
mice.
答案：
2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If
anyone
had
told
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping.
I
would
have
laughed
heartily.
Campers,
in
my
eyes,
were
people
who
enjoyed
insect
bites,
ill-cooked
meals,
and
uncomfortable
sleeping
bags.
They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me.
36
.
www.21-cn-jy.com
The
friends
who
introduced
me
to
camping
thought
that
it
meant
to
be
a
pioneer.
37
We
sleep
in
a
tent,
cooked
over
an
open
fire,
and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom.
This
brief
visit
with
Mother
Nature
cost
me
two
days
off
from
work,
recovering
from
a
bad
case
of
sunburn
and
the
doctor’s
bill
for
my
son’s
food
poisoning.
I
was,
nevertheless,
talked
into
going
on
another
fun-filled
holiday
in
the
wilderness.
38
Instead,
we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner.
My
nature-loving
friends
had
remembered
to
bring
all
the
necessities
of
life.
39
We
have
done
a
lot
of
it
since.
Recently,
we
bought
a
twenty-eight-foot
travel
trailer
complete
with
a
bathroom
and
a
built-in
TV
set.
There
is
a
separate
bedroom,
a
modern
kitchen
with
a
refrigerator.
The
trailer
even
has
matching
carpet
and
curtains.
21·cn·jy·com
40
It
must
be
true
that
sooner
or
later,
everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature.
I
recommend
that
you
find
your
way
in
style.
A．This?time?there?was?no?tent.
B．Things?are?going?to?be?improved.
C．The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?one.
D．I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,
however.
21·世纪
教育网
E．I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping.
F.
After
the
trip,
my
family
became
quite
interested
in
camping.
G.
There
was
no
shade
as
the
trees
were
no
more
than
3
feet
tall.
答案：
3
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions
are
one
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with
while
you’re
trying
to
get
work
done.
36
,
there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things.
Let’s
take
a
look
at
them
now.
37
.
Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry
and
explain
that
you
have
a
million
things
to
do
and
then
ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.
When
people
try
to
interrupt
you,
have
set
hours
planned
and
let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then.
38
.
It
can
help
to
eliminate(消除)
future
interruptions.
When
you
need
to
talk
to
someone,
don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office.
39
.
It’s
much
easier
to
excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work
than
if
you
try
to
get
someone
out
of
your
space
even
after
explaining
how
busy
you
are
If
you
have
a
door
to
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.
40
.
If
someone
knocks
and
it’s
not
an
important
matter.
excuse
yourself
and
let
the
person
know
you’re
busy
so
they
can
get
the
hint(暗示)
than
when
the
door
is
closed,
you’re
not
to
be
disturbed.
A.
If
you’re
busy,
don’t
feel
bad
about
saying
no
B.
When
you
want
to
avoid
interruptions
at
work
C.
Set
boundaries
for
yourself
as
your
time
goes
D.
If
you’re
in
the
other
person’s
office
or
in
a
public
area
E.
It’s
important
that
you
let
them
know
when
you’ll
be
available
F.
It
might
seem
unkind
to
cut
people
short
when
they
interrupt
you
G.
Leave
it
open
when
you’re
available
to
talk
and
close
it
when
you’re
not
答案：
4
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots
of
people
find
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resting
your
body
clock
36
Here
is
how
to
make
one.
●
37
In
order
to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it's
important.
Do
you
want
to
get
up
in
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reason,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
Rethink
mornings.
Now
that
you
know
why
you
want
to
wake
up,
consider
re-arranging
your
morning
activities.
If
you
want
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
save
some
time
the
night
before
by
setting
out
clothes,
shoes,
and
bags.
38
That’s
a
quarter-hour
more
you
could
be
sleeping
if
you
bought
a
coffee
maker
with
a
timer.
Keep
your
sleep/wake
schedule
on
weekends.
If
you’re
tired
out
by
Friday
night,
sleeping
in
on
Saturday
could
sound
wonderful.
But
compensating
on
the
weekends
actually
feeds
into
your
sleepiness
the
following
week,
a
recent
study
found.
39
Keep
a
record
and
evaluate
it
weekly.
Keep
track
of
your
efforts
and
write
down
how
you
feel.
After
you’ve
tried
a
new
method
for
a
week,
take
a
look
at
your
record.
40
If
not,
take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.
21教育网
A.
Get
a
sleep
specialist.
B.
Find
the
right
motivation.
C.
A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.
D.
And
consider
setting
a
second
alarm.
E.
If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
it
up.
F.
Stick
to
your
set
bedtime
and
wake-up
time,
no
matter
the
day.
G.
Reconsider
the
15
minutes
you
spend
in
line
at
the
café
to
get
coffee.
答案：
5
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
Do
Man-on-the-Street
Interviews
The
man-on-the-street
interview
is
an
interview
in
which
a
reporter
hits
the
streets
with
a
cameraman
to
interview
people
on
the
sport.
_____31_____
But
with
these
tips,
your
first
man-on-the-street
interview
experience
can
be
easy.
When
your
boss
or
professor
sends
you
out
to
do
man-on-the-street
interviews
for
a
story,
think
about
the
topic
and
develop
a
list
of
about
ten
general
questions
relating
to
it.
For
example,
if
your
topic
is
about
environmental
problems
in
America,
you
might
ask,
“Why
do
you
think
environmental
protection
is
important
in
America?”
_____32_____
Hit
the
streets
with
confidence.
_____33_____
Say,
“Excuse
me,
I
work
for
XYZ
News,
and
I
was
wondering
if
you
could
share
your
opinion
about
this
topic.”
This
is
a
quick
way
to
get
people
to
warm
up
to
you.
Move
on
to
the
next
person
if
someone
tells
you
she
is
not
interested
Don’t
get
discouraged.
●
34
Each
interview
that
you
get
on
the
street
shouldn’t
be
longer
than
ten
minutes.
As
soon
as
you
get
the
answer
you
need,
move
on
to
the
next
person.
Make
sure
that
as
you
go
from
interview
to
interview,
you
are
getting
a
variety
of
answers.
If
everyone
is
giving
you
the
same
answer,
you
won’t
be
able
to
use
it.
A
safe
number
of
interviews
to
conduct
is
about
six
to
ten.
35
●
If
your
news
station
or
school
requires
interviewees
to
sign
release
forms
to
appear
on
the
air,
don’t
leave
work
without
them.
A.
Limit
your
time.
B.
As
you
approach
people,
be
polite.
C.
If
you
don’t
own
a
camera,
you
can
buy
one.
D.
For
new
reporters,
this
can
seem
like
a
challenging
task.
E.
To
get
good
and
useful
results,
ask
them
the
same
question.
F.
That
number
of
interviews
should
give
you
all
the
answers
you
need.
G.
With
a
question
like
this,
you
will
get
more
than
a
“Yes”
or
“No”
reply.
答案：
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
一、
“七选五”题型的命题分析
“七选五”型阅读理解题，试题模式为：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)给出一篇缺少五个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。21教育网
阅读理解选择题部分的文章是完整的，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)在通读文章或查读细节时，思路不会被打断。而此题型文章中有5处空白，在阅读过程中，如果不明白文章的主旨和段落主题、作者的写作意图，就很难顺畅地读下去、读明白，自然就很难选出正确答案。而一个空填错势必又影响到对另外一个空的选择。另外，此题有5个空白处，却提供7个选项，因此有2个选项是多余的干扰选项，从而又加大了选出正确答案的难度。
该题型要求同学们从整体上把握文章的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。www.21-cn-jy.com
二、七选五的考查要点
这一考查题型对阅读理解提出了
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)更高层次的要求，即不仅要有阅读速度，要对所读文章的主旨要义、具体信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是要掌握作者的写作意图、观点，区分出论点和论据，并且能够把握文章的写作结构和脉络层次。2-1-c-n-j-y
不过，只要了解了这种新
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)题型所考查的要点，出题位置，在阅读文章时有意识地加强对文章写作思路和结构组织安排的理解，掌握英语文章常见的几种写作结构，对迅速增强此类新题型的应对能力还是非常有帮助的。
三、七选五的解题步骤
1）在阅读过程中，要注意文章的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段第一句、末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。
2）边读边做题，重点阅读各个
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。做题时可以采用代入排除法。
3）在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
四、七选五的解题策略
1）从意思上判断
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。
2）从词汇上锁定线索
做题时很重要的一点是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。
3）从关联词上查找
由于英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示衔
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。常见的关联词有下面这些：
(a)并列与递进关系：an
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d,
or,
also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,
similarly,
equally,
in
the
same
way,
that
is
to
say
,as
well
as,
the
same
…as,
besides,
additionally,
furthermore,
moreover,
in
addition
to
,what
is
more
(b)因果关系：because,
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)or,
since,
as,
thus,
hence,
therefore,
so,
so…that,
consequently,
accordingly,
due
to,
thanks
to,
as
a
result,
because
of,
in
that,
for
this
reason,
of
course
(c)转折让步关系：but,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
however,
yet,
on
the
contrary,
by
contrast,
on
the
other
hand,
unfortunately,
while,
whereas,
unlike,
rather
than,
instead
of,
it
is
true
that,
of
course,although,
though,
even
though,
even
if,
nevertheless,
despite,
in
spite
of
(d)时间关系：aft
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)erwards,
at
first,
at
last,
finally,
first,
firstly,
in
the
first
place,to
start
with，in
the
mean
time,
last,
later,
next,
second,
secondly,
then,
third,
thirdly,
to
begin
with以及一些具体的时间。
4）根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略
1)如果问题在段首
(a)通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，或者在末句------查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
(b)与后文是并列、转折、因果关
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段。
(c)段落间的过渡句。这
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2)如果问题在段尾
(a)空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，根据段落一致性原则，或者在首句锁定关键词。
(b)通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,
as
a
result,
thus
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?),
hence,
in
short,
to
sum
up,
to
conclude,
in
a
word等词语，选项中也发现前文同义词句。
(c)与前文是转折或对比
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。
例题分析：
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Taking
good
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)otes
is
a
time-saving
skill
that
will
help
you
to
become
a
better
student
in
several
ways
71 Second,
your
notes
are
excellent
materials
to
refer
to
when
you
are
studying
for
a
test.
Third,
note-taking
offers
variety
to
your
study
time
and
helps
you
to
hold
your
interest.
You
will
want
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
take
notes
during
classroom
discussions
and
while
reading
a
textbook
or
doing
research
for
a
report. 72
Whenever
or
however
you
take
notes,
keep
in
mind
that
note-taking
is
a
selective
process. 73 ．
The
following
methods
may
work
best
for
you.
●Read
the
text
quickly
to
find
the
main
facts
and
ideas
in
it.
●Carefully
read
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
the
text
and
watch
for
words
that
can
show
main
points
and
supporting
facts.
●Write
your
notes
in
your
own
words.
● 74 ．
●Note
any
questions
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
or
ideas
you
may
have
about
what
was
said
or
written.
As
you
take
not
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)es,
you
may
want
to
use
your
own
shorthand(速记).
When
you
do,
be
sure
that
you
understand
your
symbols
and
that
you
use
them
all
the
time. 75 ．【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A.
Use
words,
not
complete
sentences.
B.
There
are
three
practical
note-taking
methods.21世纪教育网版权所有
C.
You
must
write
your
notes
on
separate
paper.
D.
Otherwise,
you
may
not
be
able
to
read
your
notes
later.21cnjy.com
E.
you
will
also
want
to
develop
your
own
method
for
taking
notes.
F.
That
means
you
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
must
first
decide
what
is
important
enough
to
include
in
your
notes.
G.
First,
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)simple
act
of
writing
something
down
makes
it
easier
for
you
to
understand
and
remember
it.
思路分析：
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立的语义单位，各段都围绕“Taking
good
notes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构。
第一段讲述的是做笔记是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法，第四段讲述的是要记住自己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。
第一段的第一句“Taking
good
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)notes
is
a
time-saving
skill
that
will
help
you
to
become
a
better
student
in
several
ways”与下面几句是解释关系，解释关系是指后面的句子对前面的句子解释、引申、例证，使意思更加明了、具体。后三句之间是平列关系，平列关系指句与句之间处于平等并列地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题。平列关系组合的语段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改变句子的相互位置并不改变整个语段的意思。
第二段的第一句与第二句是层递关系，层递
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)关系是一种固定的顺序关系，但又不同与顺序关系，顺序关系指构成语段的各句子只能按事物发展的过程由先而后地顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常在记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中用得普遍，而层递关系组合的语段是按语意的轻重、认识的深浅作由轻到重、由浅入深的排列。第三句与第四句是解释关系，第一、二句组合为一个语段，第三、四句组合为另外一个语段，语段与语段之间是总分关系，总分关系是指前面的句子陈述两个过两个以上的对象，后面的句子紧接着分别对它们加以说明。用这种方式组合的语段能够前呼后应，彼此配合，使语脉清楚，条分缕析，如“Whenever
or
however
you
take
notes”一句与前两句前呼后应，彼此配合，为前句选“E.
you
will
also
want
to
develop
your
own
method
for
taking
notes.
”埋伏了一笔，逻辑性很强。
第三段的第一句与下面几句是解释关系，而后列举的方法是平列关系。
第四段的最后两句是转折关系，转折关系指句与句之间存在意义的转折，通常表达对比或对照的意思。
答案：GEFAD
A
How
to
Be
Creative
Most
of
us
think
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
creativity
is
a
quality
belonging
only
to
artists，writers，or
dancers，rather
than
ourselves.____1____The
following
tips
are
a
great
beginning
for
developing
our
creativity.2-1-c-n-j-y
Get
out
of
your
comfort
zone
We
eagerly
accept
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)familiar
and
fear
the
unknown.Break
out
of
your
usual
patterns
and
welcome
creativity
into
your
life.As
stated
earlier，the
human
brain
was
designed
to
recognize
patterns.____2____In
fact，our
comfort
zone
is
nothing
more
than
a
collection
of
patterns.As
we
become
more
efficient
at
recognizing
and
using
patterns，we
rely
less
on
creativity
to
find
new
paths.We
should
force
ourselves
out
of
our
comfort
zones
and
open
up
new
possibilities.21
cnjy
com
Try
different
things
If
you
always
do
wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
you've
always
done，you'll
always
get
what
you've
always
got.We
are
creatures
of
habits
and
routines，and
creativity
hates
routines.If
you
usually
drive
to
work，take
the
subway
for
a
few
days.____3____Interrupt
your
routine，experiment
and
try
something
new.New
things
are
often
creative，but
the
same
old
thing
never
is.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
4____
Having
a
gre
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
idea
is
not
enough;
you
must
work
to
make
it
a
reality.Have
you
ever
seen
a
new
product
and
realized
that
you
thought
of
the
same
thing
long
ago？Yet
someone
else
is
making
money
with
“your”
idea.____5____The
difference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.Do
whatever
it
takes
to
bring
your
ideas
to
life.If
you
can
put
them
into
practice，you
are
well
on
your
way
to
improving
your
creativity
in
all
areas
of
your
life.【版权所有：21教育】
A．Take
action
B．Seek
several
options
C．Think
from
the
other
person's
point
of
view.
D．If
you
normally
eat
in
the
office，have
lunch
under
a
tree.21·世纪
教育网
E．The
truth
is
that
we
are
all
born
with
the
capacity
to
be
creative.【版权所有：21教育】
F．We
continue
to
cr
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eate
patterns
and
routines
for
almost
everything
we
do.
G．We
all
have
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)great
ideas
sometimes，but
only
a
few
people
turn
their
ideas
into
realities.21教育名师原创作品
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了一些培养创造力的技巧。
1．[解析] 根据空后的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“The
following
tips
are
a
great
beginning
for
developing
our
creativity.”可知，事实上，我们是天生有创造力的，问题是如何开发这些创造力，所以选E项。【出处：21教育名师】
[答案] E
2．[解析] 根据上下文
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)的“Break
out
of
your
usual
patterns”“to
recognize
patterns”和“a
collection
of
patterns”可知，应选F项。
[答案] F
3．[解析] 根据空前的一句和空后的“Int
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)errupt
your
routine，experiment
and
try
something
new.”可推知，我们应有所创新，打破常规，因此选D项。
[答案] D
4．[解析] 根据下文的“The
di
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)fference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.”可知，有了梦想后，最重要的是要立即行动，所以选A项。
[答案] A
5．[解析] 根据上文中的“Having
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
great
idea
is
not
enough；you
must
work
to
make
it
a
reality.”与下文中的“The
difference
between
a
dreamer
and
a
doer
is
action.”可知，应选G项，G项起承上启下的作用。21
cnjy
com2·1·c·n·j·y
[答案] G
B
(·高考创新题)
Forgiveness
To
forgive
is
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
a
virtue，but
no
one
has
ever
said
it
is
easy.When
someone
has
deeply
hurt
you，it
can
be
extremely
difficult
to
let
go
of
your
hate.However，forgiveness
is
possible，and
it
can
be
surprisingly
beneficial
to
your
physical
and
mental
health.People
who
forgive
show
less
sadness，anger
and
stress
and
more
hopefulness，according
to
a
recent
research.21cnjy.comwww-2-1-cnjy-com
1____Try
the
following
steps：
Calm
yourself
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).____2____You
can
take
a
couple
of
breaths
and
think
of
something
that
gives
you
pleasure:
a
beautiful
scene
in
nature，or
someone
you
love.
Don't
wait
for
an
apol
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ogy.Many
times
the
person
who
hurt
you
does
not
intend
to
apologize.They
may
have
wanted
to
hurt
you
or
they
just
don't
see
things
the
same
way.____3____Keep
in
mind
that
forgiveness
does
not
necessarily
mean
becoming
friends
again
with
the
person
who
upset
you.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Take
the
control
away
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
from
your
offender(冒犯者)．Rethinking
about
your
hurt
gives
power
to
the
person
who
causes
you
pain.Instead
of
focusing
on
your
mounded(半埋没的)
feelings，learn
to
look
for
the
love，beauty
and
kindness
around
you.
4____If
you
understan
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
your
offender，you
may
realize
that
he
or
she
was
acting
out
of
unawareness，fear，and
even
love.You
may
want
to
write
a
letter
to
yourself
from
your
offender's
point
of
view.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Don't
forget
to
forgi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ve
yourself.____5____But
it
can
rob
you
of
your
self－confidence
if
you
don't
do
it.21·世纪
教育网【出处：21教育名师】
A．Why
should
you
forgive？
B．How
should
you
start
to
forgive?
C．Recognize
the
benefits
of
forgiveness.
D．Try
to
see
things
from
you
offender's
angle.
E．For
some
people，forgiving
themselves
is
the
biggest
challenge.
F．To
make
your
ang
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)er
die
away，try
a
simple
stress
management
technique.
G．If
you
wait
for
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)people
to
apologize，you
could
be
waiting
an
awfully
long
time.21教育网
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍人们宽恕别人的方法和途径。
1．[解析] 根据前面的“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)People
who
forgive
show
less
sadness，anger
and
stress
and
more
hopefulness，according
to
a
recent
research.”和后面的“Try
the
following
steps：”可知此处应该是“如何原谅别人”，故选B。2·1·c·n·j·y
[答案] B
2．[解析] 空前说要冷静，空后说了主
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)动使自己冷静下来的方法，那么此处应该是说要让自己的怒气消失，应该试试一些方法，故选F。21世纪21世纪教育网有
[答案] F
3．[解析] 根据空前的内容可知不要等别人
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)来向你道歉，伤害你的人通常是不会道歉的，而且他们可能就是想伤害你，或者他们看问题的方式与你不同，后面又说原谅并不意味着你要和伤害过你的人重新成为朋友，只有G项能将前后内容联系到一起。
[答案] G
4．[解析] 根据“If
you
unde
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rstand
your
offender，you
may
realize
that
he
or
she
was
acting
out
of
unawareness，fear，and
even
love.”可知此处应该是尝试从冒犯者的角度去看待问题，故选D。21·cn·jy·com
[答案] D
5．[解析] 根据空前的“Don't
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)forget
to
forgive
yourself.”可知对一些人来说，原谅自己是最大的挑战，故选E。21世纪教育网21-cn-jy.com
[答案] E
1
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every
animal
sl
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eeps,
but
the
reason
for
this
has
remained
foggy.
When
lab
rats
are
not
allowed
to
sleep,
they
die
within
a
month.
71
One
idea
is
that
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
sleep
helps
us
strengthen
new
memories.
72
We
know
that,
while
awake,
fresh
memories
are
recorded
by
reinforcing
(加强)
connections
between
brain
cells,
but
the
memory
processes
that
take
place
while
we
sleep
have
been
unclear.
Support
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
growing
for
a
theory
that
sleep
evolved
so
that
connections
between
neurons(神经元)
in
the
brain
can
be
weakened
overnight,
making
room
for
fresh
memories
to
form
the
next
day.
73
Now
we
have
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
most
direct
evidence
yet
that
he
is
right.
74
The
synapses
in
the
mice
taken
at
the
end
of
a
period
of
sleep
were
18
per
cent
smaller
than
those
taken
before
sleep,
showing
that
the
connections
between
neurons
weaken
while
sleeping.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
If
Tononi’s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)theory
is
right,
it
would
explain
why,
when
we
miss
a
night`s,
we
find
it
harder
the
next
day
to
concentrate
and
learn
new
information
—
our
brains
may
have
smaller
room
for
new
experiences.
Their
research
also
su
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ggests
how
we
may
build
lasting
memories
over
time
even
though
the
synapses
become
thinner.
The
team
discovered
that
some
synapses
seem
to
be
protected
and
stayed
the
same
size.
75
“You
keep
what
matters,”
Tononi
says.
A.
We
should
also
try
to
sleep
well
the
night
before.
B.
It’s
as
if
the
brain
is
preserving
its
most
important
memories.
C.
Similarly,
wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)en
people
go
for
a
few
days
without
sleeping,
they
get
sick.
D.
The
processes
ta
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ke
place
to
stop
our
brains
becoming
loaded
with
memories.
E.
That’s
why
st
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)udents
do
better
in
tests
if
they
get
a
chance
to
sleep
after
learning.
F.
“Sleep
is
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)price
we
pay
for
learning,”
says
Giulio
Tononi,
who
developed
the
idea.
G.
Tononi’s
team
me
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)asured
the
size
of
these
connections,
or
synapses,
in
the
brains
of
12
mice.
答案：71.
C
72.
E
73.
F
74.
G
75.
B
2
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If
anyone
had
told
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
me
three
years
ago
that
I
would
be
spending
most
of
my
weekends
camping.
I
would
have
laughed
heartily.
Campers,
in
my
eyes,
were
people
who
enjoyed
insect
bites,
ill-cooked
meals,
and
uncomfortable
sleeping
bags.
They
had
nothing
in
common
with
me.
36
.
The
friends
who
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
introduced
me
to
camping
thought
that
it
meant
to
be
a
pioneer.
37
We
sleep
in
a
tent,
cooked
over
an
open
fire,
and
walked
a
long
distance
to
take
the
shower
and
use
the
bathroom.
This
brief
visit
with
Mother
Nature
cost
me
two
days
off
from
work,
recovering
from
a
bad
case
of
sunburn
and
the
doctor’s
bill
for
my
son’s
food
poisoning.
I
was,
neverth
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eless,
talked
into
going
on
another
fun-filled
holiday
in
the
wilderness.
38
Instead,
we
had
a
pop-up
camper
with
comfortable
beds
and
an
air
conditioner.
My
nature-loving
friends
had
remembered
to
bring
all
the
necessities
of
life.
39
We
have
done
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)a
lot
of
it
since.
Recently,
we
bought
a
twenty-eight-foot
travel
trailer
complete
with
a
bathroom
and
a
built-in
TV
set.
There
is
a
separate
bedroom,
a
modern
kitchen
with
a
refrigerator.
The
trailer
even
has
matching
carpet
and
curtains.
40
It
must
be
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rue
that
sooner
or
later,
everyone
finds
his
or
her
way
back
to
nature.
I
recommend
that
you
find
your
way
in
style.
21
cnjy
com
A．This?time?there?was?no?tent.
B．Things?are?going?to?be?improved.
C．The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?one.
D．I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,
however.
E．I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping.
21·cn·jy·com
F.
After
the
trip,
my
family
became
quite
interested
in
camping.
G.
There
was
no
shade
as
the
trees
were
no
more
than
3
feet
tall.
答案：41.
A
42.
B
43.
C
44.
D
45.
A
3
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptions
are
on
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
of
the
worst
things
to
deal
with
while
you’re
trying
to
get
work
done.
36
,
there
are
several
ways
to
handle
things.
Let’s
take
a
look
at
them
now.
37
.
Tell
the
person
you’re
sorry
and
explain
that
you
have
a
million
things
to
do
and
then
ask
if
the
two
of
you
can
talk
at
a
different
time.
When
people
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)try
to
interrupt
you,
have
set
hours
planned
and
let
them
know
to
come
back
during
that
time
or
that
you’ll
find
them
then.
38
.
It
can
help
to
eliminate(消除)
future
interruptions.
When
you
nee
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
to
talk
to
someone,
don’t
do
it
in
your
own
office.
39
.
It’s
much
easier
to
excuse
yourself
to
get
back
to
your
work
than
if
you
try
to
get
someone
out
of
your
space
even
after
explaining
how
busy
you
are
If
you
have
a
door
to
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
your
office,
make
good
use
of
it.
40
.
If
someone
knocks
and
it’s
not
an
important
matter.
excuse
yourself
and
let
the
person
know
you’re
busy
so
they
can
get
the
hint(暗示)
than
when
the
door
is
closed,
you’re
not
to
be
disturbed.
A.
If
you’re
busy,
don’t
feel
bad
about
saying
no
B.
When
you
want
to
avoid
interruptions
at
work
C.
Set
boundaries
for
yourself
as
your
time
goes
D.
If
you’re
in
the
other
person’s
office
or
in
a
public
area21
cnjy
com
E.
It’s
important
that
you
let
them
know
when
you’ll
be
available
F.
It
might
seem
unkind
to
cut
people
short
when
they
interrupt
you
G.
Leave
it
open
when
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
you’re
available
to
talk
and
close
it
when
you’re
not
答案：36.
B
37.
A
38.
E
39.
D
40.
G
4
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots
of
people
f
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ind
it
hard
to
get
up
in
the
morning
and
put
the
blame
on
the
alarm
clock.
In
fact,
the
key
to
easy
morning
wake-up
lies
in
resting
your
body
clock
36
Here
is
how
to
make
one.
●
37
In
order
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
make
a
change,
you
need
to
decide
why
it's
important.
Do
you
want
to
get
up
in
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
get
in
some
exercise,
or
just
be
better
prepared
for
your
day?
Once
you
are
clear
about
your
reason,
tell
your
family
or
roommates
about
the
change
you
want
to
make.
Rethink
mornings.
No
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)w
that
you
know
why
you
want
to
wake
up,
consider
re-arranging
your
morning
activities.
If
you
want
time
to
have
breakfast
with
your
family,
save
some
time
the
night
before
by
setting
out
clothes,
shoes,
and
bags.
38
That’s
a
quarter-hour
more
you
could
be
sleeping
if
you
bought
a
coffee
maker
with
a
timer.
Keep
your
sleep/wak
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
schedule
on
weekends.
If
you’re
tired
out
by
Friday
night,
sleeping
in
on
Saturday
could
sound
wonderful.
But
compensating
on
the
weekends
actually
feeds
into
your
sleepiness
the
following
week,
a
recent
study
found.
39
Keep
a
record
and
eva
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)luate
it
weekly.
Keep
track
of
your
efforts
and
write
down
how
you
feel.
After
you’ve
tried
a
new
method
for
a
week,
take
a
look
at
your
record.
40
If
not,
take
another
look
at
other
methods
you
could
try.
A.
Get
a
sleep
specialist.
B.
Find
the
right
motivation.
C.
A
better
plan
for
sleep
can
help.
D.
And
consider
setting
a
second
alarm.
E.
If
the
steps
you
take
are
working,
keep
it
up.
F.
Stick
to
your
set
bedtime
and
wake-up
time,
no
matter
the
day.
G.
Reconsider
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
15
minutes
you
spend
in
line
at
the
café
to
get
coffee.
答案：36.
C
37.
B
38.
G
39.
F
40.
E
5
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
Do
Man-on-the-Street
Interviews
The
man-on-the-s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)treet
interview
is
an
interview
in
which
a
reporter
hits
the
streets
with
a
cameraman
to
interview
people
on
the
sport.
_____31_____
But
with
these
tips,
your
first
man-on-the-street
interview
experience
can
be
easy.21教育名师原创作品
When
your
boss
or
prof
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)essor
sends
you
out
to
do
man-on-the-street
interviews
for
a
story,
think
about
the
topic
and
develop
a
list
of
about
ten
general
questions
relating
to
it.
For
example,
if
your
topic
is
about
environmental
problems
in
America,
you
might
ask,
“Why
do
you
think
environmental
protection
is
important
in
America?”
_____32_____
Hit
the
streets
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ith
confidence.
_____33_____
Say,
“Excuse
me,
I
work
for
XYZ
News,
and
I
was
wondering
if
you
could
share
your
opinion
about
this
topic.”
This
is
a
quick
way
to
get
people
to
warm
up
to
you.
Move
on
to
the
next
person
if
someone
tells
you
she
is
not
interested
Don’t
get
discouraged.
●
34
Each
interview
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
you
get
on
the
street
shouldn’t
be
longer
than
ten
minutes.
As
soon
as
you
get
the
answer
you
need,
move
on
to
the
next
person.
Make
sure
that
as
you
go
from
interview
to
interview,
you
are
getting
a
variety
of
answers.
If
everyone
is
giving
you
the
same
answer,
you
won’t
be
able
to
use
it.
A
safe
number
of
interviews
to
conduct
is
about
six
to
ten.
35
●
If
your
news
station
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
or
school
requires
interviewees
to
sign
release
forms
to
appear
on
the
air,
don’t
leave
work
without
them.
A.
Limit
your
time.
B.
As
you
approach
people,
be
polite.
C.
If
you
don’t
own
a
camera,
you
can
buy
one.
D.
For
new
reporters,
this
can
seem
like
a
challenging
task.
E.
To
get
good
and
useful
results,
ask
them
the
same
question.
F.
That
number
of
in
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)terviews
should
give
you
all
the
answers
you
need.
G.
With
a
question
lik
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
this,
you
will
get
more
than
a
“Yes”
or
“No”
reply.
答案：31.
D
32.
C
33.
B
34.
A
35.
F
阅读理解七选五专题二
第10讲
知识点睛
经典精讲
实战演练
巩固练习
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
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