中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
推理判断题常见的命题形式：
1．细节推断题
(1)It
can
be
inferred/concluded
from
the
passage
that
.
(2)The
author
strongly
suggests
that
.
(3)The
writer
implies
but
not
directly
states
that
.
(4)The
writer/author
indicates/suggests/implies
that
.
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
(1)The
passage
would
most
likely
be
found
in
.
(2)In
which
of
the
following
publications
would
this
passage
most
likely
come
from?
(3)Where
is
the
passage
most
likely
to
have
been
taken
from?
3．写作意图类推断题
(1)What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
author
in
writing
this
passage?
(2)The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
get
people
to
.
(3)The
writer
writes
the
last
paragraph
in
order
to
.
4．态度倾向类推断题
(1)The
attitude
of
the
author
towards...is
.
(2)What’s
the
writer’s
attitude
towards...?
(3)What
does
the
author
think
about...?
1．细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可以判断正确答案。
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
3．写作意图类推断题
要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握，阅读时务必找准文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。
4．态度倾向类推断题
考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)事物所持的观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：(1)中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的)，neutral(中立的)，indifferent(漠不关心的)等；(2)褒义词：positive(积极的)，supportive(支持的)，humorous(滑稽的)，enthusiastic(热情的)，admiring(赞赏的)等；(3)贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的，消极的)，disappointed(失望的)等。
1．细节推断题
典题印证(片段)
Our
own
experience
working
together
on
health，development，and
energy
the
last
twenty
years
has
been
one
of
the
most
rewarding
parts
of
our
lives.It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.
27．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．The
author
believes
the
lives
of
the
poorest
will
get
better.
B．Much
more
progress
will
be
made
in
the
near
future.
C．The
work
on
health
is
the
most
valuable
experience.
D．People’s
efforts
have
been
materially
rewarded.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据本段最后提到的“It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.”可知穷人的生活将会变得更好。故选A。
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
典题印证
Lakelander·2
hours
ago
Today，a
man
talked
very
loud
on
his
phone
on
a
train
between
Malvern
and
Reading，making
many
passengers
upset.I
wonder
how
he
would
react
if
I
were
to
read
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
the
train.I
have
never
had
the
courage
to
do
it，though.
Pak50·57
minutes
ago
Why
not
give
it
a
try?
Perhaps
you
should
take
lessons
on
a
musical
instrument.The
late
musician
Dennis
Brain
is
said
to
have
asked
a
fellow
train
passenger
to
turn
off
his
radio.When
his
request
was
refused，he
took
out
his
French
horn(号)
and
started
to
practise.
Angie
O’Edema·42
minutes
ago
I
don’t
see
how
musical
instruments
can
help
improve
manners
in
public.Don’t
do
to
others
what
you
wouldn’t
like
to
be
done
to
yourself.Once，a
passenger
next
to
me
talked
out
loud
on
his
mobile
phone.I
left
my
seat
quietly，giving
him
some
privacy
to
finish
his
conversation.He
realized
this
and
apologised
to
me.When
his
phone
rang
again
later，he
left
his
seat
to
answer
it.You
see，a
bit
of
respect
and
cooperation
can
do
the
job
better.
Taodas·29
minutes
ago
I
did
read
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
a
train，and
it
turned
out
well.The
guy
took
it
in
good
part，and
we
chatted
happily
all
the
way
to
Edinburgh.
Sophie76·13
minutes
ago
I
have
not
tried
reading
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
a
train，but，several
years
ago，I
read
some
chapters
from
Harry
Potter
to
my
bored
and
noisy
children.Several
passengers
seemed
to
appreciate
what
I
did.
47．Where
is
the
passage
most
probably
taken
from?
A．A
webpage.
B．A
newspaper.
C．A
novel.
D．A
report.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。根据文章的写作风格以及每个帖子的时间提示可知，应该最有可能来自于网页。
3．写作意图类推断题
典题印证
If
you
are
a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.It’s
called
Apple
Day
but
in
practice
it’s
more
like
Apple
Month.The
day
itself
is
on
October
21，but
since
it
has
caught
on，events
now
spread
out
over
most
of
October
around
Britain.
Visiting
an
apple
event
is
a
good
chance
to
see，and
often
taste，a
wide
variety
of
apples.To
people
who
are
used
to
the
limited
choice
of
apples
such
as
Golden
Delicious
and
Royal
Gala
in
supermarkets，it
can
be
quite
an
eye
opener
to
see
the
range
of
classical
apples
still
in
existence，such
as
Decio
which
was
grown
by
the
Romans.Although
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special，it’s
still
worth
a
try，as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.
There
are
also
varieties
developed
to
suit
specific
local
conditions.One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
eating
quality
is
Orleans
Reinette，but
you’ll
need
a
warm，sheltered
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it，so
it’s
a
pipe
dream
for
most
apple
lovers
who
fall
for
it.
At
the
events，you
can
meet
expert
growers
and
discuss
which
ones
will
best
suit
your
conditions，and
because
these
are
family
affairs，children
are
well
catered
for
with
apple?themed
fun
and
games.
Apple
Days
are
being
held
at
all
sorts
of
places
with
an
interest
in
fruit，including
stately
gardens
and
commercial
orchards(果园)．If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.
31．What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A．To
show
how
to
grow
apples.
B．To
introduce
an
apple
festival.
C．To
help
people
select
apples.
D．To
promote
apple
research.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段第一句“If
you
are
a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.”和最后一段最后一句“If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日——Apply
Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。
4．态度倾向类推断题
典题印证(片段)
The
college
years
are
supposed
to
be
a
time
for
important
growth
in
autonomy(自主性)
and
the
development
of
adult
identity.However，now
they
are
becoming
an
extended
period
of
adolescence，during
which
many
of
today’s
students
are
not
shouldered
with
adult
responsibilities.
For
previous
generations，college
was
a
decisive
break
from
parental
control;
guidance
and
support
needed
to
come
from
people
of
the
same
age
and
from
within.In
the
past
two
decades，however，continued
connection
with
and
dependence
on
family，thanks
to
cell
phones，email
and
social
media，have
increased
significantly.Some
parents
go
so
far
as
to
help
with
coursework.Instead
of
promoting
the
idea
of
college
as
a
passage
from
the
shelter
of
the
family
to
autonomy
and
adult
responsibility，universities
have
given
in
to
the
idea
that
they
should
provide
the
same
environment
as
that
of
the
home.
67．What’s
the
author’s
attitude
toward
continued
parental
guidance
to
college
students?
A．Sympathetic.
B．Disapproving.
C．Supportive.
D．Neutral.
答案 B
解析 观点态度题。文章第一段作者说现在的大学生没有承担起成人的责任，第二段作者分析了原因，指出由于父母的引导延伸到了大学导致学生自主能力的缺失。由此可见，作者对父母给大学生的持续引导是不赞成的。故选B项。
A
Most
people
I
meet
want
to
develop
more
harmonious
and
satisfying
relationships.But
we
may
not
realize
that
this
can
only
be
achieved
by
partnering
with
two
new
and
strange
allies(盟友)：uncertainty
and
confusion.Most
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.
As
life
continues
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.As
we
become
open
to
the
disturbing
differences，sometimes
we
discover
that
another’s
way
of
interpreting
the
world
is
actually
essential
to
our
survival.
For
me，the
first
step
in
becoming
curious
is
to
admit
that
I’m
not
succeeding
in
figuring
things
out
by
myself.If
my
solutions
don’t
work
as
well
as
I’d
like，I
take
these
as
signs
that
it’s
time
to
begin
asking
others
what
they
think.I
try
to
become
a
conscious
listener，actively
listening
for
differences.
There
are
many
ways
to
listen
for
differences.Lately，I’ve
been
listening
for
what
surprises
me.This
isn’t
easy—I’m
accustomed
to
sitting
there，nodding
my
head
as
someone
voices
his
opinions.But
when
I
notice
what
surprises
me，I’m
able
to
see
my
own
views
more
clearly，including
my
assumptions.
If
you’re
willing
to
be
disturbed
and
confused，I
recommend
you
begin
a
conversation
with
someone
who
thinks
differently
from
you.Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.
We
have
the
opportunity
many
times
a
day
to
be
the
one
who
listens
to
others
and
the
one
who
is
curious
rather
than
certain.When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.Curiosity
and
good
listening
bring
us
back
together.
As
I
consider
partnering
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.There
is
no
need
for
us
to
be
joined
at
the
head.We
are
already
joined
by
our
hearts.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们只要承认人际关系中存在不确定和困惑，就能发展和谐的令人满意的人际关系。
1．According
to
the
passage，when
communicating
with
others，most
of
us
try
to
behave
.
A．hesitantly
and
confusedly
B．honestly
and
harmoniously
C．responsibly
and
actively
D．confidently
and
convincingly
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Most
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.”可以推测，在与别人交往中，大多数人总是想表现出自信和确定的态度。故选D。
2．According
to
the
author，in
order
to
cope
with
our
changing
world，we
should
.
A．reconsider
traditional
beliefs
before
accepting
them
B．learn
to
interpret
other
people’s
behavior
C．become
more
curious
about
other
people’s
opinions
D．try
to
develop
more
harmonious
relationships
with
others
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“As
life
continues
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.”可知，作者认为这个世界不需要人们保持那么多的肯定，人们需要的更多的应该是好奇心。故选C。
3．What
does
the
passage
advise
you
to
do
when
you
hear
different
ideas?
A．We
should
let
go
of
our
beliefs.
B．We
should
admit
that
we
are
not
succeeding
in
figuring
out
things.
C．We
should
be
accustomed
to
sitting
there
and
listening.
D．We
should
listen
and
find
out
the
valuable
points.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句“Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.”可知，作者建议在倾听那些不同的看法时不要打断别人，要仔细倾听然后从中发现有价值的东西。故选D。
4．What
do
the
underlined
sentences
in
the
passage
imply?
A．We
should
listen
more
and
judge
less.
B．We
should
make
decisions
based
on
sound
judgement.
C．Differences
among
people
separate
them.
D．It
is
important
to
seek
common
ground
and
reserve
differences.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据划线句子前一句“When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.(倾听时，我们评论地越少，我们的关系越好。)”可知，作者建议读者少一些评论。再分析“It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.(不是观点的异同使得两个人关系疏远，而是我们的评论。)”可知，选A。
5．Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
uncertainty
and
confusion?
A．Favorable.
B．Resistant.
C．Curious.
D．Doubtful.
答案 A
解析 作者态度题。根据最后一段第一句“As
I
consider
partnering
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.”可推测，作者对困惑和不确定的态度为“赞同的”。favorable赞同的，称赞的；resistant抵抗的；curious好奇的；doubtful怀疑的。故选A。
B
I
stole
your
dog
today.No，I
didn’t
set
a
foot
on
your
house，but
from
the
condition
of
your
dog，I
can
imagine
what
it
looks
like...the
word
“rubbish”
comes
to
mind.
I
found
her
along
a
road，with
a
heavy
chain
wrapped
around
her
neck，still
attached
to
rotten
boards
from
her
doghouse.Not
only
did
I
know
that
most
of
the
town
people
had
already
ignored
her，judging
by
where
I
found
her，but
I
knew
that
if
she
had
gotten
into
the
Woods，the
“cross”
that
she
dragged
behind
her
would
have
wrapped
around
a
tree
until
starvation
or
thirst
killed
her.She
has
a
beautiful
name
now.Already
in
the
first
week
she
has
come
to
look
more
like
she
should.Her
eyes
sparkle
and
she
has
learned
to
wag
her
tail
in
greeting.She
has
stopped
flinching
(畏缩)
when
I
make
a
sudden
movement，because
she
knows
now
that
I
won’t
beat
her，in
fact，she
rarely
leaves
my
side.She’s
even
become
brave
enough
to
bark
at
a
cat
and
today
I
watched
from
the
window
as
she
attempted
to
play
with
the
other
dogs.No，it’s
clear
she
does
not
miss
you
or
her
former
life
on
a
chain.
It’s
not
clear
yet
whether
she’ll
remain
here
or
whether
I’ll
find
her
a
loving
home
where
she
can
count
on
more
individual
attention
than
I
can
give
her，but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
“property”
who
is
never
returning
to
you.So
sue
me，accuse
me，plead
with
the
courts
that
she
is
rightfully
yours...I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
“crime”
I’ve
ever
committed.Hardly
anything
has
pleased
me
more
than
the
day
I
stole
your
dog.I
need
only
look
into
her
beautiful
brown
eyes
to
know
that
she’d
defend
my
decision
with
her
life.If
we
have
one
prayer，it
is
that
you
will
not
replace
her，and
if
we
have
one
special
day
to
celebrate
together，it
is
the
day
I
stole
your
dog
and
the
day
she
stole
my
heart.
语篇解读 作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
6．What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
former
owner
of
the
dog?
A．Puzzled.
B．Angry.
C．Shocked.
D．Satisfied.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由文中对小狗的遭遇的描述和最后一段第一句中的“but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
‘property’
who
is
never
returning
to
you”可知，作者对小狗的原主人的行为感到很气愤。
7．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
.
A．the
dog
is
not
lovely
B．the
dog
tried
to
find
a
kind
master
C．the
dog
was
treated
badly
by
its
former
master
D．the
author
will
be
charged
with
stealing
a
dog
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第二段对小狗的遭遇的描述可知，小狗的前主人对小狗非常不好。
8．All
the
following
statements
showed
us
the
dog’s
recovery
from
her
nature
except
.
A．playing
with
other
dogs
B．barking
at
a
cat
C．not
missing
her
former
master
D．waving
her
tail
to
make
greetings
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第五句至第七句可知，这只小狗现在学会了摇尾巴打招呼、甚至朝着小猫吠叫、试图和其他狗玩耍。这都表明它正在复原。
9．What
did
the
author
think
of
his
theft?
A．He
was
afraid
of
being
punished.
B．He
thought
he
had
to
do
it.
C．He
believed
that
the
law
would
allow
him
to
do
so.
D．He
did
it
with
pride.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第四句话“I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
‘crime’
I’ve
ever
committed.”可知答案。
10．What’s
the
purpose
did
the
author
write
the
passage?
A．To
warn
the
people
in
the
town
not
to
keep
dogs.
B．To
prove
his
love
to
the
dog
to
her
former
owner.
C．To
explain
to
the
police
why
the
dog
was
in
the
Woods.
D．To
ask
people
to
find
the
dog
a
loving
home
and
an
owner
who
loves
dogs.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
题组1(人物故事＋生活故事＋时文报道＋逸闻趣事)
A
As
a
senior，my
future
is
always
on
my
mind.To
be
exact，thoughts
of
the
future
have
kept
me
up
countless
nights
and
made
me
worry
enough
to
do
poorly
on
more
than
one
test.Because
of
this，words
of
wisdom
are
a
source
of
comfort.Steve
Jobs
gave
a
speech
to
Stanford’s
graduating
class
in
2005
and
his
words
resound
repeatedly
in
my
mind
whenever
I
think
about
my
future.
It
wasn’t
always
like
that，though.It
started
when
I
became
a
junior，when
college
came
into
view.It’s
the
first
big
step
to
making
your
life
your
own.So
when
Jobs
discussed
his
life
as
a
student，some
fears
were
eased.He，too，felt
the
need
to
attend
college
to
make
something
of
himself.He
faced
what
many
are
extremely
afraid
of：uncertainty.His
lack
of
understanding
caused
him
to
stop
attending
college
and
focus
on
what
he
felt
was
important.His
story
had
a
happy
ending，of
course，since
he
certainly
turned
out
well.
This
doesn’t
mean
that
students
shouldn’t
attend
college，but
rather
that
they
shouldn’t
worry
so
much.You’ll
get
where
you
need
to
go，even
if
your
path
is
a
bit
more
winding(蜿蜒的)
than
you’d
like.
Jobs
talked
about
the
hardships
in
his
work.His
love
of
his
work
helped
him
carry
on
and
he
got
where
he
was
meant
to
be，which
restates
the
point：don’t
panic.
One
particular
part
of
his
speech
stayed
with
me.Steve
Jobs
quoted(引用)
the
saying
“Stay
hungry，stay
foolish”
and
it
has
become
my
motto.Staying
foolish
is
realizing
that
you
are
still
a
fool，no
matter
how
much
you’ve
learned
or
experienced.There
is
always
more
to
explore.Staying
hungry
is
wanting
to
find
those
things
about
which
you
are
still
uneducated.
Steve
Jobs’s
level
of
success
is
attainable，and
I
aim
to
prove
that.With
the
will
power
to
go
into
the
world
living
every
day
like
it’s
my
last
and
allowing
the
future
to
take
care
of
itself，I
will
do
great
things.In
the
last
moments
of
my
life，I’ll
be
proud
of
what
I
have
done
and
hope
to
have
all
the
wisdom
a
person
could
wish
for.
语篇解读 本文叙述了作者由于担心自己的前途而睡不着觉。文中交代了作者曾经听过乔布斯做的演讲，他在演讲中讲述了自己艰苦的经历，人的一生会遇到各种挫折，但是不要气馁，不要满足自己已有的知识，作者从中受益匪浅。
1．The
author
felt
worried
when
.
A．he
had
to
take
tests
at
school
B．he
thought
about
his
future
C．he
had
lots
of
sleepless
nights
D．he
searched
for
words
of
wisdom
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“To
be
exact，thoughts
of
the
future
have
kept
me
up
countless
nights”可知，作者想起未来就睡不着觉，故选B。
2．It
is
suggested
in
Paragraphs
1
and
2
that
.
A．Steve
Jobs
didn’t
attend
college
B．Steve
Jobs
failed
because
of
his
decision
C．the
author
once
discussed
life
with
Jobs
D．Job’s
speech
influenced
the
author
greatly
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“So
when
Jobs
discussed
his
life
as
a
student，some
fears
were
eased.”可知，乔布斯的演讲对作者有极大的影响。故选D。
3．What
did
the
author
gain
from
Jobs’s
speech?
A．Courage
to
drop
out
of
school.
B．Confidence
in
defeating
Jobs.
C．Interest
in
computer
industry.
D．Bravery
to
face
uncertainties.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He
faced
what
many
are
extremely
afraid
of：uncertainty.”可知，作者从乔布斯的演讲中学到了要勇敢地面对一切不确定因素。故选D。
4．What
did
NOT
Steve
Jobs
encourage
students
to
do
in
his
speech?
A．Have
the
desire
to
learn
more.
B．Be
content
with
what
they
know.
C．Stay
calm
in
the
face
of
hardships.
D．Be
modest
so
as
to
learn
more.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Staying
foolish
is
realizing
that
you
are
still
a
fool，no
matter
how
much
you’ve
learned
or
experienced.There
is
always
more
to
explore.”可知无论学多少都不要满足，所以B项描述不对，故选B。
5．The
passage
is
mainly
about
.
A．the
wisdom
drawn
from
a
speech
B．the
most
impressive
quotation
in
life
C．a
memorable
meeting
with
Jobs
D．an
experience
of
a
speech
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“In
the
last
moments
of
my
life，I’ll
be
proud
of
what
I
have
done
and
hope
to
have
all
the
wisdom
a
person
could
wish
for.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是从一个演讲而获得的智慧，故选A。
B
My
parents
lived
to
be
ninety?three
and
ninety?four.Mother
lived
longer
and
kept
her
mental
sharpness
until
a
few
days
before
she
died.Dad
suffered
from
dementia(痴呆)probably
for
the
last
six
months
of
his
life.It’s
hard
to
say
how
long
because
his
dear
wife
knew
how
to
cover
his
forgetfulness
or
sometimes
strange
behavior
up
for
him.
There
were
times，however，when
mother
became
totally
frustrated
with
the
changes
she
saw
taking
place
and
she
would
blame
him
for
doing
things
on
purpose
just
to
make
her
angry.He
loved
juicy
fruit
gum，but
she
kept
it
hidden
from
sight
and
rationed(定量供应)
it
because
he
could
chew
five
or
six
sticks
in
an
hour
and
ask
for
another
package.“I
have
to
watch
him
like
a
hawk，”
she
said.
Even
though
they
lived
in
an
assisted?living
facility，my
father
would
not
bathe
himself
and
would
not
let
any
staff
person
help
him.So
mother
adjusted
his
shower
temperature，washed
his
back，brought
him
a
dry
towel，and
helped
him
dress.With
her
heart
failure
and
the
need
for
oxygen
full
time，this
chore
wore
her
out，both
physically
and
emotionally.Then
he
started
getting
up
in
the
middle
of
night.He
would
go
into
their
bathroom，which
was
actually
a
part
of
their
bedroom，turn
on
all
the
lights，and
shave.Mother
could
not
convince
him
to
return
to
bed
until
he
finished.As
a
result，mother
couldn’t
get
enough
sleep
at
night.
I
don’t
have
any
answers
that
might
have
made
their
last
months
together
any
easier.Since
they
were
very
private
people，sometimes
it
was
hard
to
know
what
was
really
going
on.When
I
stopped
by
their
place，mother
would
talk
nonstop
as
usual
and
daddy
would
smile
a
lot，like
what
he
used
to
do.I
took
along
food
they
enjoyed
to
them，like
smoothies
or
milkshakes.Mother
loved
orchids
and
they
thrived
under
her
care
so
she
usually
received
one
for
any
special
occasion.
Daddy
would
often
let
me
brush
his
“angel
hair”，as
mother
named
it，and
I
might
help
her
fasten
jewelry.
All
of
these
little
things
were
ways
to
say
“I
love
you”，but
we
didn’t
often
discuss
some
of
the
truly
important
issues
related
to
my
daddy’s
declining
health.I
tried
to
respect
their
privacy
and
treat
them
with
the
dignity
they
deserved.I
think
they
both
tried
to
protect
me，their
daughter.
I
guess
that’s
what
parents
do.
语篇解读 本文通过叙述母亲照顾患有老年痴呆的父亲的事情，以此告诉我们家人之间的亲情。
6．The
writer
didn’t
know
much
about
her
father’s
dementia，because
.
A．she
didn’t
visit
her
parents
much
B．her
father
hid
his
conditions
carefully
C．her
father’s
conditions
weren’t
serious
D．her
mother
kept
her
father’s
dementia
a
secret
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It’s
hard
to
say
how
long
because
his
dear
wife
knew
how
to
cover
his
forgetfulness
or
sometimes
strange
behavior
up
for
him.”可知妈妈帮助爸爸隐瞒了他患有老年痴呆的事实。故D正确。
7．What
the
writer’s
mother
said
in
Paragraph
2
shows
that
.
A．her
mother
was
very
strict
with
her
father
B．her
mother
had
to
pay
full
attention
to
her
father
C．her
father
liked
eating
juicy
fruit
gum
very
much
D．her
father
often
made
her
mother
angry
on
purpose
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据本句“‘I
have
to
watch
him
like
a
hawk，’
she
said.”妈妈说她不得不像老鹰一样一直注意他。说明妈妈总是要注意父亲，以防他做一些意料之外的事情。故B正确。
8．Which
word
can
best
describe
the
writer’s
mother
according
to
Paragraph
3?
A．Exhausted.
B．Crazy.
C．Considerate.
D．Bored.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“With
her
heart
failure
and
the
need
for
oxygen
full
time，this
chore
wore
her
out，both
physically
and
emotionally.”和最后两句“Mother
could
not
convince
him
to
return
to
bed
until
he
finished.As
a
result，mother
couldn’t
get
enough
sleep
at
night.”可知妈妈为了照顾父亲疲惫不堪。故A正确。
9．Seeing
her
father
smile
a
lot，the
writer
.
A．found
it
unusual
B．knew
he
was
pretending
C．considered
her
father
normal
D．wanted
to
talk
nonstop
with
him
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句“When
I
stopped
by
their
place，mother
would
talk
nonstop
as
usual
and
daddy
would
smile
a
lot，like
what
he
used
to
do.”可知父亲像过去一样开怀大笑。这让我感觉父亲很正常，并没有得老年痴呆。故C正确。
10．What
can
we
conclude
after
reading
the
passage?
A．The
writer’s
family
isn’t
filled
with
love.
B．It’s
not
easy
to
care
for
someone
with
dementia.
C．It’s
hard
to
say
the
writer
cares
about
her
parents.
D．The
writer
knows
how
to
make
others’
lives
easier.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二、三、四段中叙述母亲为了照顾父亲所做的诸多努力可知要照顾一个老年痴呆的人是很累的。故B正确。
C
Believe
it
or
not，optical
illusion(错觉)
can
cut
highway
crashes.
Japan
is
a
case
in
point.It
has
reduced
automobile
crashes
on
some
roads
by
nearly
75
percent
using
a
simple
optical
illusion.But
stripes，called
chevrons(人字形)，painted
on
the
roads
make
drivers
think
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are，and
thus
drivers
slow
down.
Now
the
American
Automobile
Association
Foundation
for
Traffic
Safety
in
Washington
D．C.is
planning
to
repeat
Japan’s
success.Starting
next
year，the
foundation
will
paint
chevrons
and
other
patterns
of
stripes
on
selected
roads
around
the
country
to
test
how
well
the
patterns
reduce
highway
crashes.
Excessive(too
great)speed
plays
a
major
role
in
as
much
as
one
fifth
of
all
fatal
traffic
accidents，according
to
the
foundation.To
help
reduce
those
accidents，the
foundation
will
conduct
its
tests
in
areas
where
speed?related
hazards(danger)
are
the
greatest
curves(曲线)，exit
slopes，traffic
circles，and
bridges.
Some
studies
suggest
that
straight，horizontal
bars
painted
across
roads
can
initially(最初)cut
the
average
speed
of
drivers
in
half.However，traffic
often
returns
to
full
speed
within
months
as
drivers
become
used
to
seeing
the
painted
bars.
Chevrons，scientists
say，not
only
give
drivers
the
impression
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are
but
also
make
a
lane
appear
to
be
narrower.The
result
is
a
longer
lasting
reduction
in
highway
speed
and
the
number
of
traffic
accidents.
语篇解读 为了控制车速，减少交通事故，美国决定学习日本在公路上画人字形标志。
11．The
passage
mainly
discusses
.
A．a
new
way
of
highway
speed
control
B．a
new
pattern
for
painting
highways
C．a
new
way
of
training
drivers
D．a
new
type
of
optical
illusion
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，我们可以知道，在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快，从而达到控制车速的目的。
12．On
roads
painted
with
chevrons，drivers
tend
to
feel
that
.
A．they
should
avoid
speed?related
hazards
B．they
are
driving
in
the
wrong
lane
C．they
should
slow
down
their
speed
D．they
are
coming
near
to
the
speed
limit
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第三句“But
stripes，called
chevrons(人字形)，painted
on
the
roads
make
drivers
think
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are，and
thus
drivers
slow
down.”可知C项正确。
13．The
advantage
of
chevrons
over
straight，horizontal
bars
is
that
the
former
.
A．can
keep
drivers
awake
B．can
cut
road
accidents
in
half
C．will
look
more
attractive
D．will
have
a
longer
effect
on
drivers
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由最后两段对比可知，人字形线比直线、平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响。
14．The
American
Automobile
Association
Foundation
for
Traffic
Safety
plans
to
.
A．try
out
the
Japanese
method
in
certain
areas
B．change
the
road
signs
across
the
country
C．replace
straight，horizontal
bars
with
chevrons
D．repeat
the
Japanese
road
patterns
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“paint
chevrons
and
other
patterns
of
stripes
on
selected
roads
around
the
country”可知，他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。
15．What
does
the
author
say
about
straight，horizontal
bars
painted
across
roads?
A．They
are
suitable
only
on
broad
roads.
B．They
are
falling
out
of
use
in
the
United
States.
C．They
are
ignored
in
a
long
period
of
time.
D．They
cannot
be
used
successfully
to
traffic
circles.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“However，traffic
often
returns
to
full
speed
within
months
as
drivers
become
used
to
seeing
the
painted
bars.”可知。
D
The
dog，called
Prince，was
an
intelligent
animal
and
a
slave
to
Williams.From
morning
till
night，when
Williams
was
at
home，Prince
never
left
his
sight，practically
ignoring
all
other
members
of
the
family.The
dog
had
a
number
of
duties，for
which
Williams
had
patiently
trained
him
and，like
the
good
pupil
he
was，Prince
lived
for
the
chance
to
demonstrate
his
abilities.
When
Williams
wanted
to
put
on
his
boots，he
would
say
“Boots”
very
quietly
and
within
seconds
the
dog
would
drop
them
at
his
feet.At
nine
every
morning，Prince
ran
off
to
the
store，returning
shortly
not
only
with
Williams’
daily
paper
but
with
a
packet
of
cigarettes.A
gun
dog
by
breed(品种)，Prince
possessed
a
large
soft
mouth
specially
developed
for
the
safe
carrying
of
hunted
creatures，so
the
paper
and
the
cigarettes
came
to
no
harm，never
even
showing
a
tooth
mark.
Williams
was
a
railway
man，an
engine
driver，and
he
wore
a
uniform
which
smelled
of
oil
fuel.He
had
to
work
at
odd
times—“days”，“late
days”or“nights”．Over
the
years
Prince
got
to
know
these
periods
of
work
and
rest，knew
when
his
master
would
leave
the
house
and
return，and
the
dog
did
not
waste
this
knowledge.If
Williams
overslept，as
he
often
did，Prince
barked
at
the
bedroom
door
until
he
woke，much
to
the
anger
of
family.On
his
return，Williams’
slippers
were
brought
to
him.
A
curious
thing
happened
to
Williams
during
the
snow
and
ice
of
last
winter.One
evening
he
slipped
and
fell
on
the
icy
road
somewhere
between
the
village
and
his
home.He
was
so
badly
injured
that
he
stayed
in
bed
for
three
days，and
not
until
he
got
up
and
dressed
again
did
he
discover
that
he
had
lost
his
wallet
containing
over
fifty
pounds.The
house
was
turned
upside
down
in
the
search，but
the
wallet
was
not
found.However，two
days
later—that
was
five
days
after
the
fall—Prince
dropped
the
wallet
into
Williams’
hand.Very
muddy
and
wet
through，the
little
case
still
contained
fifty?three
pounds，Williams’
driving
license
and
a
few
other
papers.Where
the
dog
had
found
it
no
one
could
tell，but
he
had
found
it
and
recognized
it
probably
by
the
slight
oily
smell
on
the
worn
leather.
16．What
does
the
passage
tell
us
about
gun
dogs?
A．Their
teeth
are
well?developed
when
they
are
very
young.
B．They
can
carry
back
hunted
birds
without
hurting
them.
C．They
are
fed
well，producing
many
young
dogs.
D．They
are
the
most
intelligent
of
all
dogs.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。第二段最后一句说Prince是一条猎狗，它的特点是能衔住猎物而不伤害猎物，由此可推出B项正确。
17．How
did
Prince
perform
his
duties?
A．He
did
his
best
but
was
not
often
successful.
B．He
did
them
unwillingly
but
got
them
over.
C．He
had
few
opportunities
to
do
them.
D．He
was
delighted
to
show
them
off.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。第一段第三句话告诉我们这只狗有几项明确的职责，它利用机会来显示它的才能“demonstrate
his
abilities”，show
off与demonstrate同义。
18．Williams
did
not
realize
his
loss
until
several
days
later
because
.
A．he
trusted
the
dog
to
find
the
wallet
B．he
had
left
the
wallet
on
the
train
C．he
had
no
chance
to
feel
in
his
pockets
D．he
was
busy
with
his
work
all
the
time
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第四段可知William因为摔了一跤，在床上躺了三天，直到他起来能再穿衣服的时候他才发现钱包丢了。“got
up
and
dressed
again”中的“again”一词说明了在这三天内他一直没能起床穿衣，也就没机会摸衣服口袋了，这就是他这几天一直没意识到钱包丢了的原因。
19．What
might
help
Prince
to
find
Williams’
wallet?
A．The
remaining
smell
of
fuel
on
the
case.
B．The
photo
on
Williams’
driving
license.
C．The
footprints
of
Williams’
in
the
snow.
D．The
strong
smell
of
the
worn
leather.
答案 A
解析 细节判断题。由最后一段最后一句话“...probably
by
the
slight
oily
smell
on
the
worn
leather”可知，这只狗可能是通过钱包上的汽油味找到钱包的。
20．What
does
the
writer
think
of
Prince?
A．Skillful
and
gentle.
B．Clever
and
amusing.
C．Proud
and
fierce.
D．Devoted
and
smart.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。文章第二、三段描写了这只狗的忠诚；第四段描述了它的聪明。
题组2(事物说明＋科普知识＋时文报道＋逸闻趣事)
A
Miss
sending
letters？Try
Lettrs!
This
new
service
brings
back
the
art
of
letter
writing
by
marrying
it
to
the
Internet.
Lettrs，a
new
site，is
attempting
to
bring
back
the
old?fashioned
idea
of
letter
writing
by
providing
a
space
that
feels
a
little
bit
like
a
writing
desk.
Of
course，there’ll
be
purists
who
say
that
to
truly
enjoy
letter
writing
you
must
do
it
on
fancy
letter
paper
and
envelope
in
the
mail
is
part
of
the
fun.And
if
you’re
into
that
sort
of
thing，go
for
it.But
I
can’t
be
the
only
one
who
is
now
so
much
faster
at
typing
that
writing
by
hand
is
painfully
slow.Nor
can
I
be
the
only
one
who
likes
to
write
on
a
whim(一时兴起)
when
I’m
going
to
be
on
a
crowded
train
or
airplane，both
of
which
are
situations
where
writing
on
the
computer
is
far
easier.
The
site
tries，pretty
seriously，to
approximate(接近)
what
it’s
like
to
have
your
very
own
writing
desk
and
paper
to
choose
from
(which
comes
in
various
prints
and
colors)
as
well
as
corresponding(通信)types
of
prints
and
cursive
writing(草写体)
that
come
out
on
your
screen
as
you
write.There’s
also
a
“desk
drawer”
for
letters
you’ve
already
sent，a
“fridge”
to
post
letters
publicly，a
“kitchen
counter”
for
letters
you
have
just
received，and
“shoebox”
to
store
your
letters
in.
And
if
you
need
inspiration
there
are
even
old?style
letters
that
are
great
examples
of
the
kind
of
correspondence
people
used
to
send.Lettrs
is
such
a
great
idea，because
you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online
(typing
rather
than
writing，the
speed，no
lost
mail，and
it’s
free!
)
with
the
nice
parts
of
a
letter—the
sense
of
sitting
down
to
write，quietly，to
one
person
in
a
meaningful
way.
Who
would
you
write
to?
语篇解读 作者向我们介绍了一种新型写信方式Lettrs的优点、使用方法，并建议我们使用。
1．How
does
Lettrs
work
according
to
the
text?
A．By
providing
real
paper
for
letter
writers.
B．By
making
room
for
people
to
write
letters.
C．By
supplying
writing
desks
to
letter
writers.
D．By
combining
letter
writing
with
the
Internet.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This
new
service
brings
back
the
art
of
letter
writing
by
marrying
it
to
the
Internet.”和最后一段中的“...you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online...”可知，Lettrs是通过把传统的写信与电脑、网络联系起来工作的，故选D。
2．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
the
author
.
A．is
one
of
the
purists
B．prefers
writing
to
typing
C．always
hopes
to
get
paper
letters
D．likes
using
Lettrs
to
write
letters
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者喜欢把写信和网络结合起来的方式。根据倒数第二段“Lettrs
is
such
a
great
idea，because
you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online...to
one
person
in
a
meaningful
way.”可知，作者对Lettrs的态度，故选D。
3．A
Lettrs
user
can
find
a
newly
received
letter
in
or
on
a
“
”．
A．desk
drawer
B．fridge
C．kitchen
counter
D．shoebox
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“a
‘kitchen
counter’
for
letters
you
have
just
received”可知，收到的信储存在kitchen
counter，故选C。
4．What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
author
writing
the
text?
A．To
advise
readers
to
use
Lettrs.
B．To
tell
readers
how
to
write
letters.
C．To
persuade
readers
to
write
letters.
D．To
show
the
advantage
of
the
Internet.
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。通读文章内容可知，作者在向我们介绍Lettrs的好处，并建议我们使用。故选A。
5．What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A．An
old
art
of
letter
writing.
B．A
new
service
of
letter
writing.
C．The
advantages
of
letter
writing.
D．The
development
of
letter
writing.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。作者向我们介绍了一种新型写信方式Lettrs的优点、使用方法，并且建议我们使用。故选B。
B
Taking
photographs
at
a
birthday
or
a
wedding
has
become
as
natural
as
blowing
out
candles
or
cutting
the
cake.But
being
crazy
about
recording
every
detail
of
our
happiest
moments
could
be
damaging
our
ability
to
remember
them，according
to
a
new
research.A
study
has
shown
that
taking
pictures
rather
than
concentrating
fully
on
the
events
in
front
of
us
prevents
memories
taking
hold.
Dr.Linda
Henkel，from
Fairfield
University，Connecticut，described
it
as
the
“photo?taking
impairment
effect”．She
said，“People
often
pull
out
their
cameras
almost
mindlessly
to
capture
a
moment，to
the
point
where
they
are
missing
what
is
happening
right
in
front
of
them.When
people
rely
on
technology
to
remember
for
them—counting
on
the
camera
to
record
the
event
and
thus
not
needing
to
attend
to
it
fully
themselves—it
can
have
a
negative
impact
on
how
well
they
remember
their
experiences.”
Dr.Henkel
and
her
team
carried
out
an
experiment
in
a
museum
to
learn
if
taking
pictures
of
the
exhibits
was
affecting
the
ability
of
visitors
to
remember
what
they
had
seen.
A
group
of
university
students
were
led
on
a
tour
at
the
Bellarmine
Museum
of
Art
at
Fairfield
University
and
were
asked
to
either
photograph
or
try
and
remember
objects
on
display.The
next
day
their
memory
was
tested.The
results
showed
that
people
were
less
accurate
in
recognizing
the
objects
they
had
photographed
than
those
they
had
only
looked
at.It
was
found
that
their
memory
for
the
details
of
the
objects
they
had
photographed
was
poorer.
Henkel’s
lab
is
currently
investigating
whether
the
content
of
a
photo，such
as
whether
you
are
in
it，affects
memory.She
is
also
researching
whether
actively
choosing
what
to
photograph
might
influence
what
we
remember.
Previous
research
suggests
that
reviewing
photos
we
have
taken
does
help
us
remember
objects，but
only
if
we
take
the
time.
“Research
has
suggested
that
the
large
volume
and
lack
of
organization
of
digital
photos
for
personal
memories
discourages
many
people
from
accessing
and
recalling
them.In
order
to
remember，we
have
to
access
and
interact
with
the
photos，rather
than
just
collect
them，”
said
Dr.Henkel.
语篇解读 现在拍照变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象。
6．What
does
the
underlined
word
“them”
in
the
first
paragraph
refer
to?
A．Gifts
at
a
birthday.
B．People
who
go
to
parties.
C．Photos
taken
at
a
wedding.
D．Details
of
the
happiest
moments.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。所在句句意为：忙着记录幸福时刻的每一个细节可能会破坏我们对这些时刻的记忆。所以，画线词意为：幸福时刻的每一个细节。
7．What
is
the
“photo?taking
impairment
effect”
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Some
unhappy
events
may
impair
the
effects
of
photos.
B．Taking
photographs
of
objects
ruins
one’s
memory
of
them.
C．The
effects
of
photos
are
strongly
affected
by
bad
cameras.
D．Memories
last
forever
when
people
take
the
photos
they
like
most.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话和第二段最后一句话可知，拍照可让他们记不得自己看过什么，故选B项。
8．What
can
we
learn
about
Dr.Linda
Henkel’s
study?
A．A
group
of
high
school
students
were
involved.
B．The
memory
of
participants
was
tested
the
following
week.
C．People
who
just
looked
at
the
objects
remembered
fewer
details.
D．People
who
photographed
objects
were
worse
at
recognizing
them.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，A项错在high
school
students，应为university
students；由第四段第二句话可知，B项错误，应为the
next
day；由第四段第三句话可知，C项错误，应为more
details，而D项正确。
9．With
which
of
the
following
may
Dr.Linda
Henkel
agree?
A．Reviewing
photos
improves
memories
of
objects.
B．Focusing
on
people
at
events
is
the
best
way
to
remember.
C．Relying
on
technology
to
remember
affects
the
memory.
D．Counting
on
cameras
to
record
events
is
always
reliable.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，大量的数码照片并不能唤起我们的记忆，故选C项。
10．The
passage
is
probably
taken
from
.
A．a
health
magazine
B．a
cultural
overview
C．an
economics
report
D．an
entertainment
website
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。现在拍照变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆能力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象，由此可知这是一项研究成果，故可能来自健康杂志，因此选A项。
C
You
may
be
surprised
to
learn
that
one
of
the
best
steps
you
can
take
to
protect
your
health
is
to
step
outside
and
spend
some
time
in
the
grass，dirt
and
water.Our
ancestors
enjoyed
the
healing(治愈)
power
of
nature，and
now
scientists
are
starting
to
catch
up.Researchers
have
documented
how
contact
with
nature
can
decrease
mental
tiredness，and
enhance
moods，concentration
and
problem?solving.Just
having
a
view
of
nature
has
been
shown
to
improve
hospital
patients’
recovery
and
reduce
illness
rates.Exposure
to
the
open
air，horseback
riding，hiking
and
camping
can
also
be
helpful
for
a
variety
of
health
conditions
in
adults
and
children.Much
of
this
type
of
research
is
focusing
on
children，and
in
fact
an
entire
movement
has
developed
quickly
to
connect
kids
with
the
healing
power
of
nature.
Obesity.
Rates
of
childhood，adult
obesity
and
related
conditions
including
diabetes(糖尿病)
and
heart
disease
have
grown
greatly
in
recent
years，partly
because
of
reducing
the
time
of
outdoor
activities.This
problem
can
be
partly
addressed
by
increasing
the
time
students
spend
learning
about
nature，both
in
and
outside
the
classroom.Such
lessons
are
more
engaging
to
students
and
often
lead
them
to
become
more
active
outside.
Attention
deficit
hyperactivity
disorder(ADHD)(注意力缺失多动症)．An
exposure
to
ordinary
natural
settings
in
the
course
of
common
after?school
and
weekend
activities
may
be
widely
effective
in
reducing
attention
shortness
symptoms(症状)
in
children.Participation
in
green
activities
helps
ADHD
patients
keep
focused
and
complete
tasks.
Stress.
Access
to
nature，even
houseplants，can
help
children
deal
with
stress.
Depression
and
seasonal
affective
disorder.
Major
depression
requires
medical
treatment，but
physical
activities，especially
those
done
outdoors，can
help
ease
symptoms.Staying
in
the
sunshine
for
just
a
few
minutes
can
also
help
supply
bone?building
vitamin
D．Experts
say
that
simply
walking
in
a
city
park
can
enjoy
nature’s
benefits.
语篇解读 本文旨在说明接触大自然有利于我们的身体健康。文章主要介绍了大自然在治疗疾病，尤其是一些儿童常见病症中的作用。
11.According
to
the
passage，which
of
the
following
is
the
most
important
for
you
to
keep
healthy?
A．Healthy
diet.
B．Exercises.
C．Outdoor
activities.
D．No
smoking.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第一段，特别是第一句话中的“step
outside”可知，接触大自然参加户外活动是保持身体健康最好的方法之一。
12．The
underlined
word
“enhance”
in
Paragraph
1
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“
”．
A．improve
B．add
C．destroy
D．control
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。本段主要讲的是接触大自然参加户外活动有利于我们的身体健康，故画线词所在句应讲户外活动的各种益处，所以此处意为“改善”。
13．From
the
first
paragraph，what
do
we
know?
A．People
didn’t
enjoy
the
healing
power
of
nature
until
recent
years.
B．Having
a
view
of
nature
is
the
only
way
to
improve
health
conditions.
C．Outdoor
activities
are
good
for
people’s
health.
D．Researchers
have
found
out
what
causes
people’s
mental
tiredness
and
illness.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。本段主要讲的是接触大自然参加户外活动有利于我们的身体健康。
14．The
effects
of
outdoor
activities
include
all
of
the
following
EXCEPT
.
A．helping
children
to
control
stress
B．helping
people
to
increase
the
vitamin
D
level
C．helping
children
to
reduce
the
symptoms
of
ADHD
D．helping
scientists
to
believe
the
healing
power
of
nature
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文中第三、四、五段可知，户外活动可以帮助我们缓解注意力缺失多动症，减轻压力，增加维生素D的合成。D项不是户外活动的有利因素，故选D。
15．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Contact
with
Nature
B．The
Benefits
of
Nature
to
Health
C．Exposure
to
the
Open
Air
D．Some
Health
Conditions
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要说明了接触大自然对我们的身体健康有利，故选B。
D
Police
Officer
Tidwell
left
the
station
just
after
8
a．m.on
Sunday
June
4.He
had
spent
a
boring
night
on
duty
and
was
looking
forward
to
his
day
of
rest.By
habit
he
took
a
short?cut
down
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road
and
after
a
minute
or
two
he
saw
a
man
climbing
down
a
drainpipe(排水管)
from
an
open
bedroom
window
of
Number
29.In
silence，Tidwell
crept
into
the
garden.The
man
reached
the
ground
and
was
dusting
himself
down
when
he
felt
his
arm
caught.
“It’s
8：15
on
a
Sunday
morning，”said
the
officer，“and
this
sort
of
thing
seems
an
unlikely
adventure
at
such
a
time.Would
you
mind
explaining？”
The
man
was
obviously
scared
but
tried
to
keep
calm.He
said，“I
know
what
you
are
thinking，officer，but
it
isn’t
true.This
is
a
funny
mistake.”
“It’s
part
of
my
job
to
take
an
interest
in
unusual
events.I
think
you’ve
just
left
this
house
in
a
manner
other
than
the
customary
one.That
may
be
quite
innocent，but
I’d
like
to
make
sure.”Tidwell
took
out
his
notebook
and
a
pen.“Name，address
and
occupation
and
then，please，tell
me
your
story...”
“Charlie
Crane，lorry
driver，from
Nottingham,51
Breton
Street.My
story...”
“Yes.What
were
you
doing
like
a
fly
on
that
wall，Mr.Crane？”
“Well，I
had
a
breakdown
yesterday
and
had
to
stay
the
night
here.Bed
and
breakfast.The
landlady’s
name
is
Mrs.Fern.She
gave
me
breakfast
at
seven，and
I
was
out
of
here
in
the
right
way
and
down
at
the
lorry
by
half
past
seven.Only
when
I
felt
around
for
a
cigarette
did
I
realize
I’d
left
80
in
my
envelope
under
the
pillow
here
at
number
29.I
always
put
it
under
my
pillow
at
night.It’s
a
habit
I’ve
got
into.I
even
do
it
at
home...”
“I
see.Why
didn’t
you
miss
it
when
you
went
to
pay
Mrs...What’s
her
name？”
“I’d
paid
her
last
night.You’ve
got
to
pay
when
you
take
the
room，see？So
I
came
rushing
back，but
it’s
Sunday，and
she’d
gone
back
to
bed，and
could
I
wake
her？I
rang
the
bell
and
banged
on
the
front
door
for
ten
minutes
before
I
came
round
here
to
the
back
and
spotted
my
bedroom
window
still
open.Up
I
went，then，up
this
pipe.It’s
a
trick
I
learned
in
the
army.She
didn’t
make
the
bed，and
money
was
still
there.You
know
the
rest，I
hope
you
believe
it
because...”
“Mr.Crane，what
are
you
doing
here？I
thought
you’d
gone
an
hour
ago.”
It
was
Mrs.Fern，speaking
from
the
kitchen
at
the
corner
of
the
house.
语篇解读 本文讲述了警官Tidwell在下班回家的路上遇到了一个爬墙而下的人，继而引发的一段小故事。
16．Why
was
Tidwell
walking
along
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road?
A．He
usually
discovered
something
suspicious
along
that
way.
B．He
had
an
appointment
with
a
man
at
number
29
there.
C．He
chose
to
go
that
way
by
chance.
D．He
knew
he
would
get
home
more
quickly
that
way.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由第一段第三句“By
habit
he
took
a
short?cut
down
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road...”可知，警官Tidwell从那走是为了抄近道回家。故D项正确。
17．The
police
officer
questioned
the
man
because
.
A．he
had
seen
him
do
a
strange
thing
B．he
thought
he
knew
him
C．the
man
had
fallen
and
needed
attention
D．the
man
had
tried
to
escape
from
a
window
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由第一段第三句“...after
a
minute
or
two
he
saw
a
man
climbing
down
a
drainpipe(排水管)
from
an
open
bedroom
window
of
Number
29.”及第四段可知，他看见一位男士顺着排水管从一个房间里爬下来，在他看来这件事很奇怪。故A项正确。
18．Crane
stayed
the
night
at
number
29
because
.
A．he
had
lost
his
way
in
the
dark
B．there
was
something
wrong
with
his
lorry
C．Nottingham
was
too
far
for
him
to
drive
that
night
D．he
had
suddenly
fallen
ill
that
night
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第七段第一句“...I
had
a
breakdown
yesterday
and
had
to
stay
the
night
here.”可知，因为他的卡车坏了，他才会借宿。故B项正确。
19．Why
didn’t
the
man
realize
he
had
left
his
money
at
the
landlady’s
earlier?
A．Because
he
trusted
the
landlady.
B．Because
he
had
put
the
money
under
the
pillow.
C．Because
he
had
no
occasion
to
remember
the
money
thing.
D．Because
he
was
in
a
hurry
that
morning.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第七段可知，女主人在七点给了他早餐，他从这儿出去是七点半，当他想吸烟的时候才发现钱不见了，因此早先他没有机会想起钱来。故C项正确。
20．In
the
end，Officer
Tidwell
would
probably
.
A．take
Crane
back
to
his
office
B．accuse
Crane
of
misbehaving
C．just
let
Crane
go
D．force
Crane
to
pay
Mrs.Fern
some
money
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段Mrs.Fern的话可以看出这个人没有说谎话，因此Tidwell警官会让他走的。故C项正确。
高考阅读理解专题三
判断推理题
第14讲
知识点睛
经典精讲
实战演练
巩固练习
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
推理判断题常见的命题形式：
1．细节推断题
(1)It
can
be
inferred/concluded
from
the
passage
that
.21教育网
(2)The
author
strongly
suggests
that
.
(3)The
writer
implies
but
not
directly
states
that
.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
(4)The
writer/author
indicates/suggests/implies
that
.
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
(1)The
passage
would
most
likely
be
found
in
.
(2)In
which
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
following
publications
would
this
passage
most
likely
come
from?
(3)Where
is
the
passage
most
likely
to
have
been
taken
from?
3．写作意图类推断题
(1)What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
author
in
writing
this
passage?
(2)The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
get
people
to
.
(3)The
writer
writes
the
last
paragraph
in
order
to
.
4．态度倾向类推断题
(1)The
attitude
of
the
author
towards...is
.21·世纪
教育网
(2)What’s
the
writer’s
attitude
towards...?
(3)What
does
the
author
think
about...?
1．细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可以判断正确答案。
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
3．写作意图类推断题
要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握，阅读时务必找准文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。
4．态度倾向类推断题
考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)事物所持的观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：(1)中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的)，neutral(中立的)，indifferent(漠不关心的)等；(2)褒义词：positive(积极的)，supportive(支持的)，humorous(滑稽的)，enthusiastic(热情的)，admiring(赞赏的)等；(3)贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的，消极的)，disappointed(失望的)等。
1．细节推断题
典题印证(片段)
Our
own
experience
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)orking
together
on
health，development，and
energy
the
last
twenty
years
has
been
one
of
the
most
rewarding
parts
of
our
lives.It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.
27．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．The
author
believes
the
lives
of
the
poorest
will
get
better.
B．Much
more
progress
will
be
made
in
the
near
future.
C．The
work
on
health
is
the
most
valuable
experience.
D．People’s
efforts
have
been
materially
rewarded.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据本段最后提到的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.”可知穷人的生活将会变得更好。
2．文章来源或读者对象类推断题
典题印证
Lakelander·2
hours
ago
Today，a
man
talked
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
very
loud
on
his
phone
on
a
train
between
Malvern
and
Reading，making
many
passengers
upset.I
wonder
how
he
would
react
if
I
were
to
read
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
the
train.I
have
never
had
the
courage
to
do
it，though.
Pak50·57
minutes
ago
Why
not
give
it
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)try?
Perhaps
you
should
take
lessons
on
a
musical
instrument.The
late
musician
Dennis
Brain
is
said
to
have
asked
a
fellow
train
passenger
to
turn
off
his
radio.When
his
request
was
refused，he
took
out
his
French
horn(号)
and
started
to
practise.
Angie
O’Edema·42
minutes
ago
I
don’t
see
how
musica
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)l
instruments
can
help
improve
manners
in
public.Don’t
do
to
others
what
you
wouldn’t
like
to
be
done
to
yourself.Once，a
passenger
next
to
me
talked
out
loud
on
his
mobile
phone.I
left
my
seat
quietly，giving
him
some
privacy
to
finish
his
conversation.He
realized
this
and
apologised
to
me.When
his
phone
rang
again
later，he
left
his
seat
to
answer
it.You
see，a
bit
of
respect
and
cooperation
can
do
the
job
better.
Taodas·29
minutes
ago
I
did
read
my
new
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)spaper
out
loud
on
a
train，and
it
turned
out
well.The
guy
took
it
in
good
part，and
we
chatted
happily
all
the
way
to
Edinburgh.
Sophie76·13
minutes
ago
I
have
not
tried
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
reading
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
a
train，but，several
years
ago，I
read
some
chapters
from
Harry
Potter
to
my
bored
and
noisy
children.Several
passengers
seemed
to
appreciate
what
I
did.
47．Where
is
the
passage
most
probably
taken
from?
A．A
webpage.
B．A
newspaper.
C．A
novel.
D．A
report.
答案
解析 文章出处题。根据文章的写作风格以及每个帖子的时间提示可知，应该最有可能来自于网页。
3．写作意图类推断题
典题印证
If
you
are
a
fruit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.It’s
called
Apple
Day
but
in
practice
it’s
more
like
Apple
Month.The
day
itself
is
on
October
21，but
since
it
has
caught
on，events
now
spread
out
over
most
of
October
around
Britain.
Visiting
an
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)pple
event
is
a
good
chance
to
see，and
often
taste，a
wide
variety
of
apples.To
people
who
are
used
to
the
limited
choice
of
apples
such
as
Golden
Delicious
and
Royal
Gala
in
supermarkets，it
can
be
quite
an
eye
opener
to
see
the
range
of
classical
apples
still
in
existence，such
as
Decio
which
was
grown
by
the
Romans.Although
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special，it’s
still
worth
a
try，as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.
There
are
also
va
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rieties
developed
to
suit
specific
local
conditions.One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
eating
quality
is
Orleans
Reinette，but
you’ll
need
a
warm，sheltered
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it，so
it’s
a
pipe
dream
for
most
apple
lovers
who
fall
for
it.
At
the
events，you
c
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)an
meet
expert
growers
and
discuss
which
ones
will
best
suit
your
conditions，and
because
these
are
family
affairs，children
are
well
catered
for
with
apple?themed
fun
and
games.
Apple
Days
are
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
being
held
at
all
sorts
of
places
with
an
interest
in
fruit，including
stately
gardens
and
commercial
orchards(果园)．If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.
31．What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A．To
show
how
to
grow
apples.
B．To
introduce
an
apple
festival.
C．To
help
people
select
apples.
D．To
promote
apple
research.
答案
解析 写作意图题。根据第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一段第一句“If
you
are
a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.”和最后一段最后一句“If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日——Apply
Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日【出处：21教育名师】
4．态度倾向类推断题
典题印证(片段)
The
college
years
ar
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e
supposed
to
be
a
time
for
important
growth
in
autonomy(自主性)
and
the
development
of
adult
identity.However，now
they
are
becoming
an
extended
period
of
adolescence，during
which
many
of
today’s
students
are
not
shouldered
with
adult
responsibilities.
For
previous
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)generations，college
was
a
decisive
break
from
parental
control;
guidance
and
support
needed
to
come
from
people
of
the
same
age
and
from
within.In
the
past
two
decades，however，continued
connection
with
and
dependence
on
family，thanks
to
cell
phones，email
and
social
media，have
increased
significantly.Some
parents
go
so
far
as
to
help
with
coursework.Instead
of
promoting
the
idea
of
college
as
a
passage
from
the
shelter
of
the
family
to
autonomy
and
adult
responsibility，universities
have
given
in
to
the
idea
that
they
should
provide
the
same
environment
as
that
of
the
home.
67．What’s
the
author’
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
attitude
toward
continued
parental
guidance
to
college
students?
A．Sympathetic.
B．Disapproving.
C．Supportive.
D．Neutral.
答案
解析 观点态度题。文章第一段作者
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)说现在的大学生没有承担起成人的责任，第二段作者分析了原因，指出由于父母的引导延伸到了大学导致学生自主能力的缺失。由此可见，作者对父母给大学生的持续引导是不赞成的。
A
Most
people
I
me
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)et
want
to
develop
more
harmonious
and
satisfying
relationships.But
we
may
not
realize
that
this
can
only
be
achieved
by
partnering
with
two
new
and
strange
allies(盟友)：uncertainty
and
confusion.Most
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.
As
life
continu
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)es
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.As
we
become
open
to
the
disturbing
differences，sometimes
we
discover
that
another’s
way
of
interpreting
the
world
is
actually
essential
to
our
survival.
For
me，the
fi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rst
step
in
becoming
curious
is
to
admit
that
I’m
not
succeeding
in
figuring
things
out
by
myself.If
my
solutions
don’t
work
as
well
as
I’d
like，I
take
these
as
signs
that
it’s
time
to
begin
asking
others
what
they
think.I
try
to
become
a
conscious
listener，actively
listening
for
differences.
There
are
many
way
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
to
listen
for
differences.Lately，I’ve
been
listening
for
what
surprises
me.This
isn’t
easy—I’m
accustomed
to
sitting
there，nodding
my
head
as
someone
voices
his
opinions.But
when
I
notice
what
surprises
me，I’m
able
to
see
my
own
views
more
clearly，including
my
assumptions.21·cn·jy·com
If
you’re
wil
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ling
to
be
disturbed
and
confused，I
recommend
you
begin
a
conversation
with
someone
who
thinks
differently
from
you.Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.
We
have
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)opportunity
many
times
a
day
to
be
the
one
who
listens
to
others
and
the
one
who
is
curious
rather
than
certain.When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.Curiosity
and
good
listening
bring
us
back
together.
As
I
consider
partner
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.There
is
no
need
for
us
to
be
joined
at
the
head.We
are
already
joined
by
our
hearts.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们只要承认人际关系中存在不确定和困惑，就能发展和谐的令人满意的人际关系。
1．According
to
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)passage，when
communicating
with
others，most
of
us
try
to
behave
.
A．hesitantly
and
confusedly
B．honestly
and
harmoniously
C．responsibly
and
actively
D．confidently
and
convincingly
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Mos
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.”可以推测，在与别人交往中，大多数人总是想表现出自信和确定的态度。
2．According
to
the
aut
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hor，in
order
to
cope
with
our
changing
world，we
should
.
A．reconsider
traditional
beliefs
before
accepting
them
B．learn
to
interpret
other
people’s
behavior
C．become
more
curious
about
other
people’s
opinions
D．try
to
develop
more
harmonious
relationships
with
others
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)、二句“As
life
continues
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.”可知，作者认为这个世界不需要人们保持那么多的肯定，人们需要的更多的应该是好奇心。
3．What
does
the
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)assage
advise
you
to
do
when
you
hear
different
ideas?
A．We
should
let
go
of
our
beliefs.
B．We
should
admit
that
we
are
not
succeeding
in
figuring
out
things.
C．We
should
be
accustomed
to
sitting
there
and
listening.
D．We
should
listen
and
find
out
the
valuable
points.
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段最后
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)三句“Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.”可知，作者建议在倾听那些不同的看法时不要打断别人，要仔细倾听然后从中发现有价值的东西。
4．What
do
the
underlined
sentences
in
the
passage
imply?
A．We
should
listen
more
and
judge
less.
B．We
should
make
decisions
based
on
sound
judgement.
C．Differences
among
people
separate
them.
D．It
is
important
to
seek
common
ground
and
reserve
differences.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据划线句子
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)前一句“When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.(倾听时，我们评论地越少，我们的关系越好。)”可知，作者建议读者少一些评论。再分析“It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.(不是观点的异同使得两个人关系疏远，而是我们的评论。)”可知，
5．Which
of
the
followi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ng
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
uncertainty
and
confusion?
A．Favorable.
B．Resistant.
C．Curious.
D．Doubtful.
答案
解析 作者态度题。根据最后一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段第一句“As
I
consider
partnering
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.”可推测，作者对困惑和不确定的态度为“赞同的”。favorable赞同的，称赞的；resistant抵抗的；curious好奇的；doubtful怀疑的。
B
I
stole
your
dog
tod
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ay.No，I
didn’t
set
a
foot
on
your
house，but
from
the
condition
of
your
dog，I
can
imagine
what
it
looks
like...the
word
“rubbish”
comes
to
mind.www-2-1-cnjy-com
I
found
her
along
a
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)oad，with
a
heavy
chain
wrapped
around
her
neck，still
attached
to
rotten
boards
from
her
doghouse.Not
only
did
I
know
that
most
of
the
town
people
had
already
ignored
her，judging
by
where
I
found
her，but
I
knew
that
if
she
had
gotten
into
the
Woods，the
“cross”
that
she
dragged
behind
her
would
have
wrapped
around
a
tree
until
starvation
or
thirst
killed
her.She
has
a
beautiful
name
now.Already
in
the
first
week
she
has
come
to
look
more
like
she
should.Her
eyes
sparkle
and
she
has
learned
to
wag
her
tail
in
greeting.She
has
stopped
flinching
(畏缩)
when
I
make
a
sudden
movement，because
she
knows
now
that
I
won’t
beat
her，in
fact，she
rarely
leaves
my
side.She’s
even
become
brave
enough
to
bark
at
a
cat
and
today
I
watched
from
the
window
as
she
attempted
to
play
with
the
other
dogs.No，it’s
clear
she
does
not
miss
you
or
her
former
life
on
a
chain.
It’s
not
clear
yet
w
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hether
she’ll
remain
here
or
whether
I’ll
find
her
a
loving
home
where
she
can
count
on
more
individual
attention
than
I
can
give
her，but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
“property”
who
is
never
returning
to
you.So
sue
me，accuse
me，plead
with
the
courts
that
she
is
rightfully
yours...I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
“crime”
I’ve
ever
committed.Hardly
anything
has
pleased
me
more
than
the
day
I
stole
your
dog.I
need
only
look
into
her
beautiful
brown
eyes
to
know
that
she’d
defend
my
decision
with
her
life.If
we
have
one
prayer，it
is
that
you
will
not
replace
her，and
if
we
have
one
special
day
to
celebrate
together，it
is
the
day
I
stole
your
dog
and
the
day
she
stole
my
heart.
语篇解读 作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
6．What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
former
owner
of
the
dog?
A．Puzzled.
B．Angry.
C．Shocked.
D．Satisfied.
答案
解析 推理判断题。由文中对
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)小狗的遭遇的描述和最后一段第一句中的“but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
‘property’
who
is
never
returning
to
you”可知，作者对小狗的原主人的行为感到很气愤。
7．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
.
A．the
dog
is
not
lovely
B．the
dog
tried
to
find
a
kind
master
C．the
dog
was
treated
badly
by
its
former
master
D．the
author
will
be
charged
with
stealing
a
dog
答案
解析 推理判断题。由第二段对小狗的遭遇的描述可知，小狗的前主人对小狗非常不好。
8．All
the
follow
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
statements
showed
us
the
dog’s
recovery
from
her
nature
except
.
A．playing
with
other
dogs
B．barking
at
a
cat
C．not
missing
her
former
master
D．waving
her
tail
to
make
greetings
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第五句至第七句可知，这只小狗现在学会了摇尾巴打招呼、甚至朝着小猫吠叫、试图和其他狗玩耍。这都表明它正在复原。
9．What
did
the
author
think
of
his
theft?
A．He
was
afraid
of
being
punished.
B．He
thought
he
had
to
do
it.
C．He
believed
that
the
law
would
allow
him
to
do
so.
D．He
did
it
with
pride.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段倒数第四句话“I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
‘crime’
I’ve
ever
committed.”可知答案。
10．What’s
the
purpose
did
the
author
write
the
passage?
A．To
warn
the
people
in
the
town
not
to
keep
dogs.
B．To
prove
his
love
to
the
dog
to
her
former
owner.
C．To
explain
to
the
police
why
the
dog
was
in
the
Woods.
D．To
ask
people
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
find
the
dog
a
loving
home
and
an
owner
who
loves
dogs.
答案
解析 写作意图题。作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
题组1(人物故事＋生活故事＋时文报道＋逸闻趣事)
A
As
a
senior，m
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
future
is
always
on
my
mind.To
be
exact，thoughts
of
the
future
have
kept
me
up
countless
nights
and
made
me
worry
enough
to
do
poorly
on
more
than
one
test.Because
of
this，words
of
wisdom
are
a
source
of
comfort.Steve
Jobs
gave
a
speech
to
Stanford’s
graduating
class
in
2005
and
his
words
resound
repeatedly
in
my
mind
whenever
I
think
about
my
future.
It
wasn’t
alwa
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ys
like
that，though.It
started
when
I
became
a
junior，when
college
came
into
view.It’s
the
first
big
step
to
making
your
life
your
own.So
when
Jobs
discussed
his
life
as
a
student，some
fears
were
eased.He，too，felt
the
need
to
attend
college
to
make
something
of
himself.He
faced
what
many
are
extremely
afraid
of：uncertainty.His
lack
of
understanding
caused
him
to
stop
attending
college
and
focus
on
what
he
felt
was
important.His
story
had
a
happy
ending，of
course，since
he
certainly
turned
out
well.
This
doesn’t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)mean
that
students
shouldn’t
attend
college，but
rather
that
they
shouldn’t
worry
so
much.You’ll
get
where
you
need
to
go，even
if
your
path
is
a
bit
more
winding(蜿蜒的)
than
you’d
like.
Jobs
talked
about
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hardships
in
his
work.His
love
of
his
work
helped
him
carry
on
and
he
got
where
he
was
meant
to
be，which
restates
the
point：don’t
panic.
One
particular
part
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
his
speech
stayed
with
me.Steve
Jobs
quoted(引用)
the
saying
“Stay
hungry，stay
foolish”
and
it
has
become
my
motto.Staying
foolish
is
realizing
that
you
are
still
a
fool，no
matter
how
much
you’ve
learned
or
experienced.There
is
always
more
to
explore.Staying
hungry
is
wanting
to
find
those
things
about
which
you
are
still
uneducated.
Steve
Jobs’s
level
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
success
is
attainable，and
I
aim
to
prove
that.With
the
will
power
to
go
into
the
world
living
every
day
like
it’s
my
last
and
allowing
the
future
to
take
care
of
itself，I
will
do
great
things.In
the
last
moments
of
my
life，I’ll
be
proud
of
what
I
have
done
and
hope
to
have
all
the
wisdom
a
person
could
wish
for.
语篇解读 本文叙述了作者由于担心自己的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)前途而睡不着觉。文中交代了作者曾经听过乔布斯做的演讲，他在演讲中讲述了自己艰苦的经历，人的一生会遇到各种挫折，但是不要气馁，不要满足自己已有的知识，作者从中受益匪浅。
1．The
author
felt
worried
when
.
A．he
had
to
take
tests
at
school
B．he
thought
about
his
future
C．he
had
lots
of
sleepless
nights
D．he
searched
for
words
of
wisdom
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“To
be
exact，thoughts
of
the
future
have
kept
me
up
countless
nights”可知，作者想起未来就睡不着觉。
2．It
is
suggested
in
Paragraphs
1
and
2
that
.
A．Steve
Jobs
didn’t
attend
college
B．Steve
Jobs
failed
because
of
his
decision
C．the
author
once
discussed
life
with
Jobs
D．Job’s
speech
influenced
the
author
greatly
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)四句“So
when
Jobs
discussed
his
life
as
a
student，some
fears
were
eased.”可知，乔布斯的演讲对作者有极大的影响。
3．What
did
the
author
gain
from
Jobs’s
speech?
A．Courage
to
drop
out
of
school.
B．Confidence
in
defeating
Jobs.
C．Interest
in
computer
industry.
D．Bravery
to
face
uncertainties.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)中“He
faced
what
many
are
extremely
afraid
of：uncertainty.”可知，作者从乔布斯的演讲中学到了要勇敢地面对一切不确定因素。
4．What
did
NOT
Steve
Jobs
encourage
students
to
do
in
his
speech?
A．Have
the
desire
to
learn
more.
B．Be
content
with
what
they
know.
C．Stay
calm
in
the
face
of
hardships.
D．Be
modest
so
as
to
learn
more.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Staying
foolish
is
realizing
that
you
are
still
a
fool，no
matter
how
much
you’ve
learned
or
experienced.There
is
always
more
to
explore.”可知无论学多少都不要满足
5．The
passage
is
mainly
about
.
A．the
wisdom
drawn
from
a
speech
B．the
most
impressive
quotation
in
life
C．a
memorable
meeting
with
Jobs
D．an
experience
of
a
speech
答案
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“In
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
last
moments
of
my
life，I’ll
be
proud
of
what
I
have
done
and
hope
to
have
all
the
wisdom
a
person
could
wish
for.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是从一个演讲而获得的智慧。
B
My
parents
live
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
to
be
ninety?three
and
ninety?four.Mother
lived
longer
and
kept
her
mental
sharpness
until
a
few
days
before
she
died.Dad
suffered
from
dementia(痴呆)probably
for
the
last
six
months
of
his
life.It’s
hard
to
say
how
long
because
his
dear
wife
knew
how
to
cover
his
forgetfulness
or
sometimes
strange
behavior
up
for
him.
There
were
times，ho
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wever，when
mother
became
totally
frustrated
with
the
changes
she
saw
taking
place
and
she
would
blame
him
for
doing
things
on
purpose
just
to
make
her
angry.He
loved
juicy
fruit
gum，but
she
kept
it
hidden
from
sight
and
rationed(定量供应)
it
because
he
could
chew
five
or
six
sticks
in
an
hour
and
ask
for
another
package.“I
have
to
watch
him
like
a
hawk，”
she
said.
Even
though
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)y
lived
in
an
assisted?living
facility，my
father
would
not
bathe
himself
and
would
not
let
any
staff
person
help
him.So
mother
adjusted
his
shower
temperature，washed
his
back，brought
him
a
dry
towel，and
helped
him
dress.With
her
heart
failure
and
the
need
for
oxygen
full
time，this
chore
wore
her
out，both
physically
and
emotionally.Then
he
started
getting
up
in
the
middle
of
night.He
would
go
into
their
bathroom，which
was
actually
a
part
of
their
bedroom，turn
on
all
the
lights，and
shave.Mother
could
not
convince
him
to
return
to
bed
until
he
finished.As
a
result，mother
couldn’t
get
enough
sleep
at
night.
I
don’t
have
any
ans
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wers
that
might
have
made
their
last
months
together
any
easier.Since
they
were
very
private
people，sometimes
it
was
hard
to
know
what
was
really
going
on.When
I
stopped
by
their
place，mother
would
talk
nonstop
as
usual
and
daddy
would
smile
a
lot，like
what
he
used
to
do.I
took
along
food
they
enjoyed
to
them，like
smoothies
or
milkshakes.Mother
loved
orchids
and
they
thrived
under
her
care
so
she
usually
received
one
for
any
special
occasion.
Daddy
would
often
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)let
me
brush
his
“angel
hair”，as
mother
named
it，and
I
might
help
her
fasten
jewelry.
All
of
these
little
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
things
were
ways
to
say
“I
love
you”，but
we
didn’t
often
discuss
some
of
the
truly
important
issues
related
to
my
daddy’s
declining
health.I
tried
to
respect
their
privacy
and
treat
them
with
the
dignity
they
deserved.I
think
they
both
tried
to
protect
me，their
daughter.
I
guess
that’s
what
parents
do.
语篇解读 本文通过叙述母亲照顾患有老年痴呆的父亲的事情，以此告诉我们家人之间的亲情。
6．The
writer
didn’t
k
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)now
much
about
her
father’s
dementia，because
.【来源：21cnj
y.co
m】
A．she
didn’t
visit
her
parents
much
B．her
father
hid
his
conditions
carefully
C．her
father’s
conditions
weren’t
serious
D．her
mother
kept
her
father’s
dementia
a
secret
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It’
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
hard
to
say
how
long
because
his
dear
wife
knew
how
to
cover
his
forgetfulness
or
sometimes
strange
behavior
up
for
him.”可知妈妈帮助爸爸隐瞒了他患有老年痴呆的事实。
7．What
the
writer’s
mother
said
in
Paragraph
2
shows
that
.www.21-cn-jy.com
A．her
mother
was
very
strict
with
her
father
B．her
mother
had
to
pay
full
attention
to
her
father21教育名师原创作品
C．her
father
liked
eating
juicy
fruit
gum
very
much
D．her
father
often
made
her
mother
angry
on
purpose
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据本句“‘I
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)have
to
watch
him
like
a
hawk，’
she
said.”妈妈说她不得不像老鹰一样一直注意他。说明妈妈总是要注意父亲，以防他做一些意料之外的事情。
8．Which
word
can
be
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)st
describe
the
writer’s
mother
according
to
Paragraph
3?21
cnjy
com
A．Exhausted.
B．Crazy.
C．Considerate.
D．Bored.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句“With
her
heart
failure
and
the
need
for
oxygen
full
time，this
chore
wore
her
out，both
physically
and
emotionally.”和最后两句“Mother
could
not
convince
him
to
return
to
bed
until
he
finished.As
a
result，mother
couldn’t
get
enough
sleep
at
night.”可知妈妈为了照顾父亲疲惫不堪。
9．Seeing
her
father
smile
a
lot，the
writer
.
A．found
it
unusual
B．knew
he
was
pretending
C．considered
her
father
normal
D．wanted
to
talk
nonstop
with
him
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)“When
I
stopped
by
their
place，mother
would
talk
nonstop
as
usual
and
daddy
would
smile
a
lot，like
what
he
used
to
do.”可知父亲像过去一样开怀大笑。这让我感觉父亲很正常，并没有得老年痴呆。
10．What
can
we
conclude
after
reading
the
passage?
A．The
writer’s
family
isn’t
filled
with
love.
B．It’s
not
easy
to
care
for
someone
with
dementia.
C．It’s
hard
to
say
the
writer
cares
about
her
parents.
D．The
writer
knows
how
to
make
others’
lives
easier.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二、三、四段中叙述母亲为了照顾父亲所做的诸多努力可知要照顾一个老年痴呆的人是很累的。
C
Believe
it
or
not，optical
illusion(错觉)
can
cut
highway
crashes.
Japan
is
a
case
in
p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)oint.It
has
reduced
automobile
crashes
on
some
roads
by
nearly
75
percent
using
a
simple
optical
illusion.But
stripes，called
chevrons(人字形)，painted
on
the
roads
make
drivers
think
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are，and
thus
drivers
slow
down.
Now
the
American
A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)utomobile
Association
Foundation
for
Traffic
Safety
in
Washington
D．C.is
planning
to
repeat
Japan’s
success.Starting
next
year，the
foundation
will
paint
chevrons
and
other
patterns
of
stripes
on
selected
roads
around
the
country
to
test
how
well
the
patterns
reduce
highway
crashes.
Excessive(too
great
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?))speed
plays
a
major
role
in
as
much
as
one
fifth
of
all
fatal
traffic
accidents，according
to
the
foundation.To
help
reduce
those
accidents，the
foundation
will
conduct
its
tests
in
areas
where
speed?related
hazards(danger)
are
the
greatest
curves(曲线)，exit
slopes，traffic
circles，and
bridges.
Some
studies
suggest
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hat
straight，horizontal
bars
painted
across
roads
can
initially(最初)cut
the
average
speed
of
drivers
in
half.However，traffic
often
returns
to
full
speed
within
months
as
drivers
become
used
to
seeing
the
painted
bars.
Chevrons，sci
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)entists
say，not
only
give
drivers
the
impression
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are
but
also
make
a
lane
appear
to
be
narrower.The
result
is
a
longer
lasting
reduction
in
highway
speed
and
the
number
of
traffic
accidents.
语篇解读 为了控制车速，减少交通事故，美国决定学习日本在公路上画人字形标志。
11．The
passage
mainly
discusses
.
A．a
new
way
of
highway
speed
control
B．a
new
pattern
for
painting
highways
C．a
new
way
of
training
drivers
D．a
new
type
of
optical
illusion
答案
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，我们可以知道，在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快，从而达到控制车速的目的。21
cnjy
com
12．On
roads
painted
with
chevrons，drivers
tend
to
feel
that
.
A．they
should
avoid
speed?related
hazards
B．they
are
driving
in
the
wrong
lane
C．they
should
slow
down
their
speed
D．they
are
coming
near
to
the
speed
limit
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第三句“But
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
stripes，called
chevrons(人字形)，painted
on
the
roads
make
drivers
think
that
they
are
driving
faster
than
they
really
are，and
thus
drivers
slow
down.”可知C项正确。
13．The
advantage
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
of
chevrons
over
straight，horizontal
bars
is
that
the
former
.
A．can
keep
drivers
awake
B．can
cut
road
accidents
in
half
C．will
look
more
attractive
D．will
have
a
longer
effect
on
drivers
答案
解析 推理判断题。由最后两段对比可知，人字形线比直线、平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响。
14．The
American
Aut
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)omobile
Association
Foundation
for
Traffic
Safety
plans
to
.
A．try
out
the
Japanese
method
in
certain
areas
B．change
the
road
signs
across
the
country
C．replace
straight，horizontal
bars
with
chevrons
D．repeat
the
Japanese
road
patterns
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)第二句中的“paint
chevrons
and
other
patterns
of
stripes
on
selected
roads
around
the
country”可知，他们在精心挑选的几条路上试验日本的模式。2·1·c·n·j·y
15．What
does
the
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)uthor
say
about
straight，horizontal
bars
painted
across
roads?
A．They
are
suitable
only
on
broad
roads.
B．They
are
falling
out
of
use
in
the
United
States.
C．They
are
ignored
in
a
long
period
of
time.
D．They
cannot
be
used
successfully
to
traffic
circles.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“How
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ever，traffic
often
returns
to
full
speed
within
months
as
drivers
become
used
to
seeing
the
painted
bars.”可知。
D
The
dog，called
Pri
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)nce，was
an
intelligent
animal
and
a
slave
to
Williams.From
morning
till
night，when
Williams
was
at
home，Prince
never
left
his
sight，practically
ignoring
all
other
members
of
the
family.The
dog
had
a
number
of
duties，for
which
Williams
had
patiently
trained
him
and，like
the
good
pupil
he
was，Prince
lived
for
the
chance
to
demonstrate
his
abilities.
When
Williams
wanted
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)to
put
on
his
boots，he
would
say
“Boots”
very
quietly
and
within
seconds
the
dog
would
drop
them
at
his
feet.At
nine
every
morning，Prince
ran
off
to
the
store，returning
shortly
not
only
with
Williams’
daily
paper
but
with
a
packet
of
cigarettes.A
gun
dog
by
breed(品种)，Prince
possessed
a
large
soft
mouth
specially
developed
for
the
safe
carrying
of
hunted
creatures，so
the
paper
and
the
cigarettes
came
to
no
harm，never
even
showing
a
tooth
mark.
Williams
was
a
ra
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ilway
man，an
engine
driver，and
he
wore
a
uniform
which
smelled
of
oil
fuel.He
had
to
work
at
odd
times—“days”，“late
days”or“nights”．Over
the
years
Prince
got
to
know
these
periods
of
work
and
rest，knew
when
his
master
would
leave
the
house
and
return，and
the
dog
did
not
waste
this
knowledge.If
Williams
overslept，as
he
often
did，Prince
barked
at
the
bedroom
door
until
he
woke，much
to
the
anger
of
family.On
his
return，Williams’
slippers
were
brought
to
him.
A
curious
thing
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)appened
to
Williams
during
the
snow
and
ice
of
last
winter.One
evening
he
slipped
and
fell
on
the
icy
road
somewhere
between
the
village
and
his
home.He
was
so
badly
injured
that
he
stayed
in
bed
for
three
days，and
not
until
he
got
up
and
dressed
again
did
he
discover
that
he
had
lost
his
wallet
containing
over
fifty
pounds.The
house
was
turned
upside
down
in
the
search，but
the
wallet
was
not
found.However，two
days
later—that
was
five
days
after
the
fall—Prince
dropped
the
wallet
into
Williams’
hand.Very
muddy
and
wet
through，the
little
case
still
contained
fifty?three
pounds，Williams’
driving
license
and
a
few
other
papers.Where
the
dog
had
found
it
no
one
could
tell，but
he
had
found
it
and
recognized
it
probably
by
the
slight
oily
smell
on
the
worn
leather.
16．What
does
the
passage
tell
us
about
gun
dogs?
A．Their
teeth
are
well?developed
when
they
are
very
young.
B．They
can
carry
back
hunted
birds
without
hurting
them.
C．They
are
fed
well，producing
many
young
dogs.
D．They
are
the
most
intelligent
of
all
dogs.
答案
解析 细节理解题。第二段最后一句说Prince是一条猎狗，它的特点是能衔住猎物而不伤害猎物。
17．How
did
Prince
perform
his
duties?
A．He
did
his
best
but
was
not
often
successful.
B．He
did
them
unwillingly
but
got
them
over.
C．He
had
few
opportunities
to
do
them.
D．He
was
delighted
to
show
them
off.
答案
解析 推理判断题。第一段第
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)三句话告诉我们这只狗有几项明确的职责，它利用机会来显示它的才能“demonstrate
his
abilities”，show
off与demonstrate同义。
18．Williams
did
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)not
realize
his
loss
until
several
days
later
because
.
A．he
trusted
the
dog
to
find
the
wallet
B．he
had
left
the
wallet
on
the
train
C．he
had
no
chance
to
feel
in
his
pockets
D．he
was
busy
with
his
work
all
the
time
答案
解析 推理判断题。由第四段可知Willia
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)m因为摔了一跤，在床上躺了三天，直到他起来能再穿衣服的时候他才发现钱包丢了。“got
up
and
dressed
again”中的“again”一词说明了在这三天内他一直没能起床穿衣，也就没机会摸衣服口袋了，这就是他这几天一直没意识到钱包丢了的原因。
19．What
might
help
Prince
to
find
Williams’
wallet?
A．The
remaining
smell
of
fuel
on
the
case.
B．The
photo
on
Williams’
driving
license.
C．The
footprints
of
Williams’
in
the
snow.
D．The
strong
smell
of
the
worn
leather.
答案
解析 细节判断题。由最后一段最
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)后一句话“...probably
by
the
slight
oily
smell
on
the
worn
leather”可知，这只狗可能是通过钱包上的汽油味找到钱包的。
20．What
does
the
writer
think
of
Prince?
A．Skillful
and
gentle.
B．Clever
and
amusing.
C．Proud
and
fierce.
D．Devoted
and
smart.
答案
解析 推理判断题。文章第二、三段描写了这只狗的忠诚；第四段描述了它的聪明。
题组2(事物说明＋科普知识＋时文报道＋逸闻趣事)
A
Miss
sending
l
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)etters？Try
Lettrs!
This
new
service
brings
back
the
art
of
letter
writing
by
marrying
it
to
the
Internet.
Lettrs，a
new
site，i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
attempting
to
bring
back
the
old?fashioned
idea
of
letter
writing
by
providing
a
space
that
feels
a
little
bit
like
a
writing
desk.
Of
course，there’ll
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
be
purists
who
say
that
to
truly
enjoy
letter
writing
you
must
do
it
on
fancy
letter
paper
and
envelope
in
the
mail
is
part
of
the
fun.And
if
you’re
into
that
sort
of
thing，go
for
it.But
I
can’t
be
the
only
one
who
is
now
so
much
faster
at
typing
that
writing
by
hand
is
painfully
slow.Nor
can
I
be
the
only
one
who
likes
to
write
on
a
whim(一时兴起)
when
I’m
going
to
be
on
a
crowded
train
or
airplane，both
of
which
are
situations
where
writing
on
the
computer
is
far
easier.
The
site
tries，p
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)retty
seriously，to
approximate(接近)
what
it’s
like
to
have
your
very
own
writing
desk
and
paper
to
choose
from
(which
comes
in
various
prints
and
colors)
as
well
as
corresponding(通信)types
of
prints
and
cursive
writing(草写体)
that
come
out
on
your
screen
as
you
write.There’s
also
a
“desk
drawer”
for
letters
you’ve
already
sent，a
“fridge”
to
post
letters
publicly，a
“kitchen
counter”
for
letters
you
have
just
received，and
“shoebox”
to
store
your
letters
in.
And
if
you
need
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
inspiration
there
are
even
old?style
letters
that
are
great
examples
of
the
kind
of
correspondence
people
used
to
send.Lettrs
is
such
a
great
idea，because
you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online
(typing
rather
than
writing，the
speed，no
lost
mail，and
it’s
free!
)
with
the
nice
parts
of
a
letter—the
sense
of
sitting
down
to
write，quietly，to
one
person
in
a
meaningful
way.
Who
would
you
write
to?
语篇解读 作者向我们介绍了一种新型写信方式Lettrs的优点、使用方法，并建议我们使用。
1．How
does
Lettrs
work
according
to
the
text?
A．By
providing
real
paper
for
letter
writers.
B．By
making
room
for
people
to
write
letters.
C．By
supplying
writing
desks
to
letter
writers.
D．By
combining
letter
writing
with
the
Internet.
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
new
service
brings
back
the
art
of
letter
writing
by
marrying
it
to
the
Internet.”和最后一段中的“...you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online...”可知，Lettrs是通过把传统的写信与电脑、网络联系起来工作的。
2．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
text
that
the
author
.
A．is
one
of
the
purists
B．prefers
writing
to
typing
C．always
hopes
to
get
paper
letters
D．likes
using
Lettrs
to
write
letters
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段内容可知，作者喜欢把写信和网络结合起来的方式。根据倒数第二段“Lettrs
is
such
a
great
idea，because
you
get
the
best
parts
of
communicating
online...to
one
person
in
a
meaningful
way.”可知，作者对Lettrs的态度。
3．A
Lettrs
user
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
can
find
a
newly
received
letter
in
or
on
a
“
”．
A．desk
drawer
B．fridge
C．kitchen
counter
D．shoebox
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)句中的“a
‘kitchen
counter’
for
letters
you
have
just
received”可知，收到的信储存在kitchen
counter。
4．What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
author
writing
the
text?
A．To
advise
readers
to
use
Lettrs.
B．To
tell
readers
how
to
write
letters.
C．To
persuade
readers
to
write
letters.
D．To
show
the
advantage
of
the
Internet.
答案
解析 写作意图题。通读文章内容可知，作者在向我们介绍Lettrs的好处，并建议我们使用。
5．What
is
the
text
mainly
about?
A．An
old
art
of
letter
writing.
B．A
new
service
of
letter
writing.
C．The
advantages
of
letter
writing.
D．The
development
of
letter
writing.
答案
解析 主旨大意题。作者向我们介绍了一种新型写信方式Lettrs的优点、使用方法，并且建议我们使用。
B
Taking
photographs
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)at
a
birthday
or
a
wedding
has
become
as
natural
as
blowing
out
candles
or
cutting
the
cake.But
being
crazy
about
recording
every
detail
of
our
happiest
moments
could
be
damaging
our
ability
to
remember
them，according
to
a
new
research.A
study
has
shown
that
taking
pictures
rather
than
concentrating
fully
on
the
events
in
front
of
us
prevents
memories
taking
hold.21世纪教育网版权所有
Dr.Linda
Henke
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)l，from
Fairfield
University，Connecticut，described
it
as
the
“photo?taking
impairment
effect”．She
said，“People
often
pull
out
their
cameras
almost
mindlessly
to
capture
a
moment，to
the
point
where
they
are
missing
what
is
happening
right
in
front
of
them.When
people
rely
on
technology
to
remember
for
them—counting
on
the
camera
to
record
the
event
and
thus
not
needing
to
attend
to
it
fully
themselves—it
can
have
a
negative
impact
on
how
well
they
remember
their
experiences.”【版权所有：21教育】
Dr.Henkel
and
h
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)er
team
carried
out
an
experiment
in
a
museum
to
learn
if
taking
pictures
of
the
exhibits
was
affecting
the
ability
of
visitors
to
remember
what
they
had
seen.
A
group
of
universi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ty
students
were
led
on
a
tour
at
the
Bellarmine
Museum
of
Art
at
Fairfield
University
and
were
asked
to
either
photograph
or
try
and
remember
objects
on
display.The
next
day
their
memory
was
tested.The
results
showed
that
people
were
less
accurate
in
recognizing
the
objects
they
had
photographed
than
those
they
had
only
looked
at.It
was
found
that
their
memory
for
the
details
of
the
objects
they
had
photographed
was
poorer.
Henkel’s
lab
is
cur
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)rently
investigating
whether
the
content
of
a
photo，such
as
whether
you
are
in
it，affects
memory.She
is
also
researching
whether
actively
choosing
what
to
photograph
might
influence
what
we
remember.
Previous
rese
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)arch
suggests
that
reviewing
photos
we
have
taken
does
help
us
remember
objects，but
only
if
we
take
the
time.
“Research
ha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
suggested
that
the
large
volume
and
lack
of
organization
of
digital
photos
for
personal
memories
discourages
many
people
from
accessing
and
recalling
them.In
order
to
remember，we
have
to
access
and
interact
with
the
photos，rather
than
just
collect
them，”
said
Dr.Henkel.
语篇解读 现在拍照变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象。
6．What
does
the
un
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)derlined
word
“them”
in
the
first
paragraph
refer
to?
A．Gifts
at
a
birthday.
B．People
who
go
to
parties.
C．Photos
taken
at
a
wedding.
D．Details
of
the
happiest
moments.
答案
解析 词义猜测题。所在句句意为：忙着记录幸福时刻的每一个细节可能会破坏我们对这些时刻的记忆。所以，画线词意为：幸福时刻的每一个细节。
7．What
is
the
“photo?taking
impairment
effect”
in
Paragraph
2?
A．Some
unhappy
events
may
impair
the
effects
of
photos.
B．Taking
photographs
of
objects
ruins
one’s
memory
of
them.
C．The
effects
of
photos
are
strongly
affected
by
bad
cameras.
D．Memories
last
forever
when
people
take
the
photos
they
like
most.
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话和第二段最后一句话可知，拍照可让他们记不得自己看过什么。
8．What
can
we
learn
about
Dr.Linda
Henkel’s
study?
A．A
group
of
high
school
students
were
involved.
B．The
memory
of
participants
was
tested
the
following
week.
C．People
who
just
looked
at
the
objects
remembered
fewer
details.
D．People
who
photographed
objects
were
worse
at
recognizing
them.
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第四
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)段第一句话可知，A项错在high
school
students，应为university
students；由第四段第二句话可知，B项错误，应为the
next
day；由第四段第三句话可知，C项错误，应为more
details。
9．With
which
of
the
following
may
Dr.Linda
Henkel
agree?
A．Reviewing
photos
improves
memories
of
objects.
B．Focusing
on
people
at
events
is
the
best
way
to
remember.
C．Relying
on
technology
to
remember
affects
the
memory.
D．Counting
on
cameras
to
record
events
is
always
reliable.
答案
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，大量的数码照片并不能唤起我们的记忆。
10．The
passage
is
probably
taken
from
.
A．a
health
magazine
B．a
cultural
overview
C．an
economics
report
D．an
entertainment
website
答案
解析 文章出处题。现在拍照
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆能力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象，由此可知这是一项研究成果，故可能来自健康杂志。
C
You
may
be
surpri
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sed
to
learn
that
one
of
the
best
steps
you
can
take
to
protect
your
health
is
to
step
outside
and
spend
some
time
in
the
grass，dirt
and
water.Our
ancestors
enjoyed
the
healing(治愈)
power
of
nature，and
now
scientists
are
starting
to
catch
up.Researchers
have
documented
how
contact
with
nature
can
decrease
mental
tiredness，and
enhance
moods，concentration
and
problem?solving.Just
having
a
view
of
nature
has
been
shown
to
improve
hospital
patients’
recovery
and
reduce
illness
rates.Exposure
to
the
open
air，horseback
riding，hiking
and
camping
can
also
be
helpful
for
a
variety
of
health
conditions
in
adults
and
children.Much
of
this
type
of
research
is
focusing
on
children，and
in
fact
an
entire
movement
has
developed
quickly
to
connect
kids
with
the
healing
power
of
nature.
Obesity.
Rate
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
of
childhood，adult
obesity
and
related
conditions
including
diabetes(糖尿病)
and
heart
disease
have
grown
greatly
in
recent
years，partly
because
of
reducing
the
time
of
outdoor
activities.This
problem
can
be
partly
addressed
by
increasing
the
time
students
spend
learning
about
nature，both
in
and
outside
the
classroom.Such
lessons
are
more
engaging
to
students
and
often
lead
them
to
become
more
active
outside.
Attention
defic
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)it
hyperactivity
disorder(ADHD)(注意力缺失多动症)．An
exposure
to
ordinary
natural
settings
in
the
course
of
common
after?school
and
weekend
activities
may
be
widely
effective
in
reducing
attention
shortness
symptoms(症状)
in
children.Participation
in
green
activities
helps
ADHD
patients
keep
focused
and
complete
tasks.
Stress.
Acce
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ss
to
nature，even
houseplants，can
help
children
deal
with
stress.
Depression
and
se
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)asonal
affective
disorder.
Major
depression
requires
medical
treatment，but
physical
activities，especially
those
done
outdoors，can
help
ease
symptoms.Staying
in
the
sunshine
for
just
a
few
minutes
can
also
help
supply
bone?building
vitamin
D．Experts
say
that
simply
walking
in
a
city
park
can
enjoy
nature’s
benefits.2-1-c-n-j-y
语篇解读 本文旨在说明接触大自然有利于我们的身体健康。文章主要介绍了大自然在治疗疾病，尤其是一些儿童常见病症中的作用。
11.According
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)o
the
passage，which
of
the
following
is
the
most
important
for
you
to
keep
healthy?
A．Healthy
diet.
B．Exercises.
C．Outdoor
activities.
D．No
smoking.
答案
解析 推理判断题。由第一段，特别是第一句话中的“step
outside”可知，接触大自然参加户外活动是保持身体健康最好的方法之一。
12．The
underlined
wor
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
“enhance”
in
Paragraph
1
is
closest
in
meaning
to
“
”．
A．improve
B．add
C．destroy
D．control
答案
解析 词义猜测题。本段主要讲的是接触大自然参加户外活动有利于我们的身体健康，故画线词所在句应讲户外活动的各种益处，所以此处意为“改善”。
13．From
the
first
paragraph，what
do
we
know?
A．People
didn’t
enjoy
the
healing
power
of
nature
until
recent
years.
B．Having
a
view
of
n
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ature
is
the
only
way
to
improve
health
conditions.
C．Outdoor
activities
are
good
for
people’s
health.
D．Researchers
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
have
found
out
what
causes
people’s
mental
tiredness
and
illness.
答案
解析 段落大意题。本段主要讲的是接触大自然参加户外活动有利于我们的身体健康。
14．The
effects
of
out
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)door
activities
include
all
of
the
following
EXCEPT
.
A．helping
children
to
control
stress
B．helping
people
to
increase
the
vitamin
D
level
C．helping
children
to
reduce
the
symptoms
of
ADHD
D．helping
scientists
to
believe
the
healing
power
of
nature
答案
解析 细节理解题。根据文中第三
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)、四、五段可知，户外活动可以帮助我们缓解注意力缺失多动症，减轻压力，增加维生素D的合成。D项不是户外活动的有利因素。
15．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Contact
with
Nature
B．The
Benefits
of
Nature
to
Health
C．Exposure
to
the
Open
Air
D．Some
Health
Conditions
答案
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要说明了接触大自然对我们的身体健康有利。
D
Police
Officer
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)Tidwell
left
the
station
just
after
8
a．m.on
Sunday
June
4.He
had
spent
a
boring
night
on
duty
and
was
looking
forward
to
his
day
of
rest.By
habit
he
took
a
short?cut
down
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road
and
after
a
minute
or
two
he
saw
a
man
climbing
down
a
drainpipe(排水管)
from
an
open
bedroom
window
of
Number
29.In
silence，Tidwell
crept
into
the
garden.The
man
reached
the
ground
and
was
dusting
himself
down
when
he
felt
his
arm
caught.
“It’s
8：15
on
a
Sunday
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
morning，”said
the
officer，“and
this
sort
of
thing
seems
an
unlikely
adventure
at
such
a
time.Would
you
mind
explaining？”
The
man
was
ob
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)viously
scared
but
tried
to
keep
calm.He
said，“I
know
what
you
are
thinking，officer，but
it
isn’t
true.This
is
a
funny
mistake.”21cnjy.com
“It’s
part
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)my
job
to
take
an
interest
in
unusual
events.I
think
you’ve
just
left
this
house
in
a
manner
other
than
the
customary
one.That
may
be
quite
innocent，but
I’d
like
to
make
sure.”Tidwell
took
out
his
notebook
and
a
pen.“Name，address
and
occupation
and
then，please，tell
me
your
story...”
“Charlie
Crane
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，lorry
driver，from
Nottingham,51
Breton
Street.My
story...”
“Yes.What
were
you
doing
like
a
fly
on
that
wall，Mr.Crane？”
“Well，I
had
a
breakdown
yesterday
and
had
to
stay
the
night
here.Bed
and
breakfast.The
landlady’s
name
is
Mrs.Fern.She
gave
me
breakfast
at
seven，and
I
was
out
of
here
in
the
right
way
and
down
at
the
lorry
by
half
past
seven.Only
when
I
felt
around
for
a
cigarette
did
I
realize
I’d
left
80
in
my
envelope
under
the
pillow
here
at
number
29.I
always
put
it
under
my
pillow
at
night.It’s
a
habit
I’ve
got
into.I
even
do
it
at
home...”
“I
see.Why
didn’t
yo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)u
miss
it
when
you
went
to
pay
Mrs...What’s
her
name？”
“I’d
paid
her
last
ni
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ght.You’ve
got
to
pay
when
you
take
the
room，see？So
I
came
rushing
back，but
it’s
Sunday，and
she’d
gone
back
to
bed，and
could
I
wake
her？I
rang
the
bell
and
banged
on
the
front
door
for
ten
minutes
before
I
came
round
here
to
the
back
and
spotted
my
bedroom
window
still
open.Up
I
went，then，up
this
pipe.It’s
a
trick
I
learned
in
the
army.She
didn’t
make
the
bed，and
money
was
still
there.You
know
the
rest，I
hope
you
believe
it
because...”
“Mr.Crane，what
are
y
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ou
doing
here？I
thought
you’d
gone
an
hour
ago.”
It
was
Mrs.Fern，speaking
from
the
kitchen
at
the
corner
of
the
house.
语篇解读 本文讲述了警官Tidwell在下班回家的路上遇到了一个爬墙而下的人，继而引发的一段小故事。
16．Why
was
Tidwell
walking
along
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road?
A．He
usually
discovered
something
suspicious
along
that
way.
B．He
had
an
appointment
with
a
man
at
number
29
there.
C．He
chose
to
go
that
way
by
chance.
D．He
knew
he
would
get
home
more
quickly
that
way.
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第一段第三句“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)By
habit
he
took
a
short?cut
down
the
path
behind
Dugby
Hall
road...”可知，警官Tidwell从那走是为了抄近道回家。
17．The
police
officer
questioned
the
man
because
.
A．he
had
seen
him
do
a
strange
thing
B．he
thought
he
knew
him
C．the
man
had
fallen
and
needed
attention
D．the
man
had
tried
to
escape
from
a
window
答案
解析 推理判断题。由第一段第三句“..
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).after
a
minute
or
two
he
saw
a
man
climbing
down
a
drainpipe(排水管)
from
an
open
bedroom
window
of
Number
29.”及第四段可知，他看见一位男士顺着排水管从一个房间里爬下来，在他看来这件事很奇怪。
18．Crane
stayed
the
night
at
number
29
because
.
A．he
had
lost
his
way
in
the
dark
B．there
was
something
wrong
with
his
lorry
C．Nottingham
was
too
far
for
him
to
drive
that
night
D．he
had
suddenly
fallen
ill
that
night
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第七段第一句“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)...I
had
a
breakdown
yesterday
and
had
to
stay
the
night
here.”可知，因为他的卡车坏了，他才会借宿。
19．Why
didn’t
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)man
realize
he
had
left
his
money
at
the
landlady’s
earlier?
A．Because
he
trusted
the
landlady.
B．Because
he
had
put
the
money
under
the
pillow.
C．Because
he
had
no
occasion
to
remember
the
money
thing.
D．Because
he
was
in
a
hurry
that
morning.
答案
解析 细节理解题。由第七段可知，女主人在七点给了他早餐，他从这儿出去是七点半，当他想吸烟的时候才发现钱不见了，因此早先他没有机会想起钱来。
20．In
the
end，Officer
Tidwell
would
probably
.
A．take
Crane
back
to
his
office
B．accuse
Crane
of
misbehaving
C．just
let
Crane
go
D．force
Crane
to
pay
Mrs.Fern
some
money
答案
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段Mrs.Fern的话可以看出这个人没有说谎话，因此Tidwell警官会让他走的。
高考阅读理解专题三
判断推理题
第14讲
知识点睛
经典精讲
实战演练
巩固练习
21世纪教育网
www.21cnjy.com
精品试卷·第
2
页
（共
2
页）
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共44张PPT)
今日课题
阅读理解专题之三
推理判断题题
命题方式
1
技法点拨
2
跟踪训练
3
栏目索引
推理判断题常见的命题形式：
1.细节推断题
(1)It
can
be
inferred/concluded
from
the
passage
that
.
(2)The
author
strongly
suggests
that
.
(3)The
writer
implies
but
not
directly
states
that
.
(4)The
writer/author
indicates/suggests/implies
that
.
命题方式
2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题
(1)The
passage
would
most
likely
be
found
in
.
(2)In
which
of
the
following
publications
would
this
passage
most
likely
come
from?
(3)Where
is
the
passage
most
likely
to
have
been
taken
from?
3.写作意图类推断题
(1)What
is
the
main
purpose
of
the
author
in
writing
this
passage?
(2)The
purpose
of
the
passage
is
to
get
people
to
.
(3)The
writer
writes
the
last
paragraph
in
order
to
.
4.态度倾向类推断题
(1)The
attitude
of
the
author
towards...is
.
(2)What’s
the
writer’s
attitude
towards...?
(3)What
does
the
author
think
about...?
返回
1.细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可以判断正确答案。
技法点拨
(片段)
Our
own
experience
working
together
on
health，development，and
energy
the
last
twenty
years
has
been
one
of
the
most
rewarding
parts
of
our
lives.It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.
27.What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph?
A.The
author
believes
the
lives
of
the
poorest
will
get
better.
B.Much
more
progress
will
be
made
in
the
near
future.
C.The
work
on
health
is
the
most
valuable
experience.
D.People’s
efforts
have
been
materially
rewarded.
解析
解析 推理判断题。根据本段最后提到的“It
has
changed
who
we
are
and
continues
to
fuel
our
optimism
about
how
much
the
lives
of
the
poorest
people
will
improve
in
the
years
ahead.”可知穷人的生活将会变得更好。故选A。
√
2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题
考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。
(典例)
Join
the
discussion...
Lakelander
·2
hours
ago
Today，a
man
talked
very
loud
on
his
phone
on
a
train
between
Malvern
and
Reading，making
many
passengers
upset.I
wonder
how
he
would
react
if
I
were
to
read
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
the
train.I
have
never
had
the
courage
to
do
it，though.
Pak50
·57
minutes
ago
Why
not
give
it
a
try?
Perhaps
you
should
take
lessons
on
a
musical
instrument.The
late
musician
Dennis
Brain
is
said
to
have
asked
a
fellow
train
passenger
to
turn
off
his
radio.When
his
request
was
refused，he
took
out
his
French
horn(号)
and
started
to
practise.
Angie
O’Edema
·42
minutes
ago
I
don’t
see
how
musical
instruments
can
help
improve
manners
in
public.Don’t
do
to
others
what
you
wouldn’t
like
to
be
done
to
yourself.Once，a
passenger
next
to
me
talked
out
loud
on
his
mobile
phone.I
left
my
seat
quietly，giving
him
some
privacy
to
finish
his
conversation.He
realized
this
and
apologised
to
me.When
his
phone
rang
again
later，he
left
his
seat
to
answer
it.You
see，a
bit
of
respect
and
cooperation
can
do
the
job
better.
Taodas
·29
minutes
ago
I
did
read
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
a
train，and
it
turned
out
well.The
guy
took
it
in
good
part，and
we
chatted
happily
all
the
way
to
Edinburgh.
Sophie76
·13
minutes
ago
I
have
not
tried
reading
my
newspaper
out
loud
on
a
train，but，several
years
ago，I
read
some
chapters
from
Harry
Potter
to
my
bored
and
noisy
children.Several
passengers
seemed
to
appreciate
what
I
did.
47.Where
is
the
passage
most
probably
taken
from?
A.A
webpage.
B.A
newspaper.
C.A
novel.
D.A
report.
解析
解析 文章出处题。根据文章的写作风格以及每个帖子的时间提示可知，应该最有可能来自于网页。
√
3.写作意图类推断题
要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握，阅读时务必找准文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。
(典例)
If
you
are
a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.It’s
called
Apple
Day
but
in
practice
it’s
more
like
Apple
Month.The
day
itself
is
on
October
21，but
since
it
has
caught
on，events
now
spread
out
over
most
of
October
around
Britain.
Visiting
an
apple
event
is
a
good
chance
to
see，and
often
taste，a
wide
variety
of
apples.To
people
who
are
used
to
the
limited
choice
of
apples
such
as
Golden
Delicious
and
Royal
Gala
in
supermarkets，it
can
be
quite
an
eye
opener
to
see
the
range
of
classical
apples
still
in
existence，such
as
Decio
which
was
grown
by
the
Romans.Although
it
doesn’t
taste
of
anything
special，it’s
still
worth
a
try，as
is
the
knobbly(多疙瘩的)
Cat’s
Head
which
is
more
of
a
curiosity
than
anything
else.
There
are
also
varieties
developed
to
suit
specific
local
conditions.One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
eating
quality
is
Orleans
Reinette，but
you’ll
need
a
warm，sheltered
place
with
perfect
soil
to
grow
it，so
it’s
a
pipe
dream
for
most
apple
lovers
who
fall
for
it.
At
the
events，you
can
meet
expert
growers
and
discuss
which
ones
will
best
suit
your
conditions，and
because
these
are
family
affairs，children
are
well
catered
for
with
apple?-themed
fun
and
games.
Apple
Days
are
being
held
at
all
sorts
of
places
with
an
interest
in
fruit，including
stately
gardens
and
commercial
orchards(果园).If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.
31.What
is
the
author’s
purpose
in
writing
the
text?
A.To
show
how
to
grow
apples.
B.To
introduce
an
apple
festival.
C.To
help
people
select
apples.
D.To
promote
apple
research.
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段第一句“If
you
are
a
fruit
grower—or
would
like
to
become
one—take
advantage
of
Apple
Day
to
see
what’s
around.”和最后一段最后一句“If
you
want
to
have
a
real
orchard
experience，try
visiting
the
National
Fruit
Collection
at
Brogdale，near
Faversham
in
Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日——Apply
Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。
解析
√
4.态度倾向类推断题
考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：(1)中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的)，neutral(中立的)，indifferent(漠不关心的)等；(2)褒义词：positive(积极的)，supportive(支持的)，humorous(滑稽的)，enthusiastic(热情的)，admiring(赞赏的)等；(3)贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的，消极的)，disappointed(失望的)等。
(片段)
The
college
years
are
supposed
to
be
a
time
for
important
growth
in
autonomy(自主性)
and
the
development
of
adult
identity.However，now
they
are
becoming
an
extended
period
of
adolescence，during
which
many
of
today’s
students
are
not
shouldered
with
adult
responsibilities.
For
previous
generations，college
was
a
decisive
break
from
parental
control;
guidance
and
support
needed
to
come
from
people
of
the
same
age
and
from
within.In
the
past
two
decades，however，continued
connection
with
and
dependence
on
family，thanks
to
cell
phones，email
and
social
media，have
increased
significantly.Some
parents
go
so
far
as
to
help
with
coursework.Instead
of
promoting
the
idea
of
college
as
a
passage
from
the
shelter
of
the
family
to
autonomy
and
adult
responsibility，universities
have
given
in
to
the
idea
that
they
should
provide
the
same
environment
as
that
of
the
home.
67.What’s
the
author’s
attitude
toward
continued
parental
guidance
to
college
students?
A.Sympathetic.
B.Disapproving.
C.Supportive.
D.Neutral.
解析 观点态度题。文章第一段作者说现在的大学生没有承担起成人的责任，第二段作者分析了原因，指出由于父母的引导延伸到了大学导致学生自主能力的缺失。由此可见，作者对父母给大学生的持续引导是不赞成的。故选B项。
解析
√
返回
跟踪训练
A
Most
people
I
meet
want
to
develop
more
harmonious
and
satisfying
relationships.But
we
may
not
realize
that
this
can
only
be
achieved
by
partnering
with
two
new
and
strange
allies(盟友)：uncertainty
and
confusion.Most
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.
As
life
continues
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.As
we
become
open
to
the
disturbing
differences，sometimes
we
discover
that
another’s
way
of
interpreting
the
world
is
actually
essential
to
our
survival.
For
me，the
first
step
in
becoming
curious
is
to
admit
that
I’m
not
succeeding
in
figuring
things
out
by
myself.If
my
solutions
don’t
work
as
well
as
I’d
like，I
take
these
as
signs
that
it’s
time
to
begin
asking
others
what
they
think.I
try
to
become
a
conscious
listener，actively
listening
for
differences.
There
are
many
ways
to
listen
for
differences.Lately，I’ve
been
listening
for
what
surprises
me.This
isn’t
easy—I’m
accustomed
to
sitting
there，nodding
my
head
as
someone
voices
his
opinions.But
when
I
notice
what
surprises
me，I’m
able
to
see
my
own
views
more
clearly，including
my
assumptions.
If
you’re
willing
to
be
disturbed
and
confused，I
recommend
you
begin
a
conversation
with
someone
who
thinks
differently
from
you.Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.
We
have
the
opportunity
many
times
a
day
to
be
the
one
who
listens
to
others
and
the
one
who
is
curious
rather
than
certain.When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.Curiosity
and
good
listening
bring
us
back
together.
As
I
consider
partnering
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.There
is
no
need
for
us
to
be
joined
at
the
head.We
are
already
joined
by
our
hearts.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述人们只要承认人际关系中存在不确定和困惑，就能发展和谐的令人满意的人际关系。
解析
1.According
to
the
passage，when
communicating
with
others，most
of
us
try
to
behave
.
A.hesitantly
and
confusedly
B.honestly
and
harmoniously
C.responsibly
and
actively
D.confidently
and
convincingly
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Most
of
us
aren’t
trained
to
like
confusion
or
to
admit
we
feel
hesitant
and
uncertain.In
our
schools
and
organizations，we
place
value
on
sounding
certain
and
confident.”可以推测，在与别人交往中，大多数人总是想表现出自信和确定的态度。故选D。
√
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10
解析
2.According
to
the
author，in
order
to
cope
with
our
changing
world，we
should
.
A.reconsider
traditional
beliefs
before
accepting
them
B.learn
to
interpret
other
people’s
behavior
C.become
more
curious
about
other
people’s
opinions
D.try
to
develop
more
harmonious
relationships
with
others
√
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2
4
3
5
6
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10
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2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“As
life
continues
to
speed
up，I
believe
our
changing
world
requires
less
certainty
and
far
more
curiosity.I’m
not
suggesting
we
let
go
of
our
beliefs，but
that
we
become
curious
about
what
someone
else
believes.”可知，作者认为这个世界不需要人们保持那么多的肯定，人们需要的更多的应该是好奇心。故选C。
解析
3.What
does
the
passage
advise
you
to
do
when
you
hear
different
ideas?
A.We
should
let
go
of
our
beliefs.
B.We
should
admit
that
we
are
not
succeeding
in
figuring
out
things.
C.We
should
be
accustomed
to
sitting
there
and
listening.
D.We
should
listen
and
find
out
the
valuable
points.
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段最后三句“Listen
for
what’s
different
and
what
surprises
you.Try
to
stop
the
voice
of
judgement
or
opinion
and
just
listen.At
the
end，notice
whether
you’ve
learned
something
new.”可知，作者建议在倾听那些不同的看法时不要打断别人，要仔细倾听然后从中发现有价值的东西。故选D。
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2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
√
解析
4.What
do
the
underlined
sentences
in
the
passage
imply?
（
）
A.We
should
listen
more
and
judge
less.
B.We
should
make
decisions
based
on
sound
judgement.
C.Differences
among
people
separate
them.
D.It
is
important
to
seek
common
ground
and
reserve
differences.
解析 推理判断题。根据划线句子前一句“When
we
listen
with
fewer
judgements，we
always
develop
better
relationships
with
each
other.(倾听时，我们评论地越少，我们的关系越好。)”可知，作者建议读者少一些评论。再分析“It’s
not
differences
that
divide
us.It’s
our
judgements
that
do.(不是观点的异同使得两个人关系疏远，而是我们的评论。)”可知，选A。
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2
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3
5
6
7
8
9
10
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5.Which
of
the
following
best
describes
the
author’s
attitude
to
uncertainty
and
confusion?
(
)
A.Favorable.
B.Resistant.
C.Curious.
D.Doubtful.
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2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
解析
解析 作者态度题。根据最后一段第一句“As
I
consider
partnering
with
confusion
and
uncertainty，I’m
learning
that
we
don’t
have
to
agree
with
each
other
in
order
to
think
well
together.”可推测，作者对困惑和不确定的态度为“赞同的”。favorable赞同的，称赞的；resistant抵抗的；curious好奇的；doubtful怀疑的。故选A。
√
B
I
stole
your
dog
today.No，I
didn’t
set
a
foot
on
your
house，but
from
the
condition
of
your
dog，I
can
imagine
what
it
looks
like...the
word
“rubbish”
comes
to
mind.
I
found
her
along
a
road，with
a
heavy
chain
wrapped
around
her
neck，still
attached
to
rotten
boards
from
her
doghouse.Not
only
did
I
know
that
most
of
the
town
people
had
already
ignored
her，judging
by
where
I
found
her，but
I
knew
that
if
she
had
gotten
into
the
Woods，the
“cross”
that
she
dragged
behind
her
would
have
wrapped
around
a
tree
until
starvation
or
thirst
killed
her.She
has
a
beautiful
name
now.Already
in
the
first
week
she
has
come
to
look
more
like
she
should.Her
eyes
sparkle
and
she
has
learned
to
wag
her
tail
in
greeting.She
has
stopped
flinching
(畏缩)
when
I
make
a
sudden
movement，because
she
knows
now
that
I
won’t
beat
her，in
fact，she
rarely
leaves
my
side.She’s
even
become
brave
enough
to
bark
at
a
cat
and
today
I
watched
from
the
window
as
she
attempted
to
play
with
the
other
dogs.No，it’s
clear
she
does
not
miss
you
or
her
former
life
on
a
chain.
It’s
not
clear
yet
whether
she’ll
remain
here
or
whether
I’ll
find
her
a
loving
home
where
she
can
count
on
more
individual
attention
than
I
can
give
her，but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
“property”
who
is
never
returning
to
you.So
sue
me，accuse
me，plead
with
the
courts
that
she
is
rightfully
yours...I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
“crime”
I’ve
ever
committed.Hardly
anything
has
pleased
me
more
than
the
day
I
stole
your
dog.I
need
only
look
into
her
beautiful
brown
eyes
to
know
that
she’d
defend
my
decision
with
her
life.If
we
have
one
prayer，it
is
that
you
will
not
replace
her，and
if
we
have
one
special
day
to
celebrate
together，it
is
the
day
I
stole
your
dog
and
the
day
she
stole
my
heart.
语篇解读 作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
6.What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
former
owner
of
the
dog?(
)
A.Puzzled.
B.Angry.
C.Shocked.
D.Satisfied.
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2
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3
5
6
7
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10
解析 推理判断题。由文中对小狗的遭遇的描述和最后一段第一句中的“but
one
thing
is
certain，this
is
one
bit
of
stolen
‘property’
who
is
never
returning
to
you”可知，作者对小狗的原主人的行为感到很气愤。
解析
√
解析 推理判断题。由第二段对小狗的遭遇的描述可知，小狗的前主人对小狗非常不好。
7.It
can
be
inferred
from
the
passage
that
.
A.the
dog
is
not
lovely
B.the
dog
tried
to
find
a
kind
master
C.the
dog
was
treated
badly
by
its
former
master
D.the
author
will
be
charged
with
stealing
a
dog
√
解析
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
解析 细节理解题。由第二段第五句至第七句可知，这只小狗现在学会了摇尾巴打招呼、甚至朝着小猫吠叫、试图和其他狗玩耍。这都表明它正在复原。
8.All
the
following
statements
showed
us
the
dog’s
recovery
from
her
nature
except
.
A.playing
with
other
dogs
B.barking
at
a
cat
C.not
missing
her
former
master
D.waving
her
tail
to
make
greetings
√
解析
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
9.What
did
the
author
think
of
his
theft?(
)
A.He
was
afraid
of
being
punished.
B.He
thought
he
had
to
do
it.
C.He
believed
that
the
law
would
allow
him
to
do
so.
D.He
did
it
with
pride.
1
2
4
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第四句话“I’m
convinced
this
is
the
best
‘crime’
I’ve
ever
committed.”可知答案。
√
解析
10.What’s
the
purpose
did
the
author
write
the
passage?(
)
A.To
warn
the
people
in
the
town
not
to
keep
dogs.
B.To
prove
his
love
to
the
dog
to
her
former
owner.
C.To
explain
to
the
police
why
the
dog
was
in
the
Woods.
D.To
ask
people
to
find
the
dog
a
loving
home
and
an
owner
who
loves
dogs.
√
解析
解析 写作意图题。作者收留了一只受虐待的小狗，并对之进行了精心养护。通过自己对小狗的爱心，更加反衬出小狗前主人的渺小。
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