Unit
1 A
land
of
diversity
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·云南省曲靖市第一中学高考复习质量监测(三))You
may
already
know
that
more
than
a
million
years
ago,
glaciers,
or
vast
blankets
of
moving
ice,
covered
one
third
of
the
earth.
You
also
may
know
tens
of
thousands
of
years
ago,
the
glaciers
started
to
melt,
retreating
to
their
current
position
in
the
Antarctic
and
Greenland.
You
may
even
know
that
glaciers
also
exist
in
all
the
world's
great
mountain
regions.
But
do
you
know
that
glaciers
cover
about
6
billion
square
miles
of
the
earth
and
store
about
75
percent
of
the
earth's
fresh
water?
A
glacier
forms
in
a
cold
climate
when
a
winter's
snow
does
not
completely
melt
during
the
following
summer.
Snow
continues
to
accumulate
and
partially
melt
year
after
year.
As
the
accumulated
snow
becomes
heavier,
the
lower
layers
crushes
under
the
weight
and
changes
into
ice.
Over
time,
the
mass
of
ice
thickens
and
moves.
The
ice
is
either
pulled
slowly
downhill
by
gravity—as
in
the
valley
glaciers
found
in
the
Alps,
on
the
Alaskan
coast,
and
in
the
Western
United
States—or
forced
outward
in
all
directions
by
its
own
weight—as
in
the
ice
sheets
and
icecaps
covering
most
of
Greenland
and
Antarctica.
During
the
glaciations
(冰川作用),
a
glacier
moves
(usually
about
3
feet
per
day).
It
picks
up
pieces
of
rock
that
cut
and
polish
the
land
and
carve
out
steep－side
valleys.
During
deglaciation
(冰消作用),
a
glacier
withdraws
and
often
leaves
large
deposits
of
sand
and
stones.
The
process
of
glaciation
and
deglaciation
formed
the
Great
Lakes
in
North
American
during
the
Ice
Ages.
Some
scientists
believe
that
ice
ages
similar
to
those
of
the
past
will
occur,
but
they
disagree
on
when
this
will
happen.
Other
scientists
think
that
global
warming
will
occur
instead,
melting
the
glaciers
and
flooding
areas
as
sea
levels
rise.
No
one
knows
for
certain
which
event
will
occur,
but
neither
predicts
well
for
mankind.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰川的一些情况。
1．What
happens
to
a
glacier
during
glaciation?
A．It
moves.
B．It
leaves
stones.
C．It
leaves
sand.
D．It
forms
the
Great
Lakes.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第四句“During
the
glaciations
(冰川作用),
a
glacier
moves
(usually
about
3
feet
per
day)．”可知选A。
2．What
will
happen
if
global
warming
occurs
instead
of
another
ice
age?
A．Vast
blankets
of
ice
will
cover
the
earth.
B．Glaciers
in
the
Antarctic
will
increase
in
size.
C．Plant
and
animal
life
in
many
related
areas
will
be
destroyed.
D．A
winter's
snow
may
not
completely
melt
during
the
following
summer.
答案：C 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Other
scientists
think
that
global
warming
will
occur
instead,
melting
the
glaciers
and
flooding
areas
as
sea
levels
rise.”可推理出全球变暖导致冰川融化，致使海平面上升，将淹没很多地区，因此，相关的动植物将受到毁灭性的打击。故选
C。
3．What
is
the
attitude
of
the
writer
towards
the
argument
between
scientists
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．Optimistic.
B．Objective.
C．Pessimistic.
D．Indifferent.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“No
one
knows
for
certain
which
event
will
occur,
but
neither
predicts
well
for
mankind.”可知作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
4．What
is
this
passage
mainly
about?
A．The
Ice
Age.
B．Valley
glaciers.
C．Ice
sheets
and
ice
caps.
D．Glaciers.
答案：D 主旨大意题。本文介绍了冰川的各个相关方面。选项A、B、C
太过片面，只有选项D
与文章内容相吻合。故选D。
【词汇积累】 ①retreat
v.
退却；撤退 ②accumulate
v.
积累；积聚 ③crush
v.
压坏；挤压变形 ④polish
v.
擦光；磨光 ⑤carve
out
雕刻出
【长难句分析】 Some
scientists
believe
that
ice
ages
similar
to
those
of
the
past
will
occur,
but
they
disagree
on
when
this
will
happen.
一些科学家认为，类似过去的冰河时代将会发生，但他们对何时会发生意见不一。
分析：此句是并列句。but连接两个分句，第一个分句中that引导宾语从句，其中similar
to
those
of
the
past为形容词短语作后置定语修饰ice
ages；第二个分句中，when引导宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Tony
Hawk
was
considered
to
be
one
of
the
most
successful
pioneers
of
modern
skateboarding
and
we
had
__1__
him
since
we
first
saw
him
on
television.
Upon
arriving
there,
we
started
to
__2__，
going
over
all
the
questions
we
would
ask
Tony.
Shortly
after
we
__3__
and
organized
the
most
important
questions,
there
was
a
knock
at
the
door.
I
started
to
__4__.
I
could
not
get
over
the
__5__
that
I
was
about
to
meet
the
best
skateboarder.
Tony
Hawk
walked
in
and
sat
down.
I
was
very
nervous
__6__
somehow
was
able
to
introduce
myself.
He
was
__7__
and
gave
us
honest
answers
to
all
our
questions.
Throughout
the
interview
I
kept
__8__，
wow,
he
was
so
cool.
Most
people
in
his
position
might
be
proud
but
he
was
__9__
down?to?earth
(朴实的).
He
also
told
us
if
we
never
__10__
and
worked
hard,
our
dreams
would
come
true.
After
the
interview,
he
left.
He
was
__11__
because
he
had
to
attend
an
important
meeting.
I
was
so
happy
to
have
had
this
__12__
to
interview
this
great
skateboarder,
who
had
got
so
many
__13__
in
the
world.
I
would
never
forget
this
__14__
and
could
not
wait
to
get
home
and
__15__
it
with
my
family
and
friends.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一次采访偶像Tony
Hawk的难忘经历。
1．A.recognized
B．admired
C．missed
D．called
答案：B 根据上文中的“Tony
Hawk
was
considered
to
be
one
of
the
most
successful
pioneers
of
modern
skateboarding”以及下文内容可知，作者很崇拜(admire)他。
2．A.leave
B．perform
C．work
D．move
答案：C 根据空格后的“going
over
all
the
questions
we
would
ask
Tony”可知他们开始工作(work)，重温需要问Tony的问题。
3．A.picked
B．answered
C．threw
D．faced
答案：A 根据空格后的“organized
the
most
important
questions”可知，他们在挑选(pick)和组织最重要的问题。
4．A.ask
B．shout
C．laugh
D．shake
答案：D 根据下文中的“I
was
very
nervous”可知，作者听到敲门声，意识到他崇拜的人来了，就紧张得发抖(shake)。
5．A.project
B．suggestion
C．fact
D．news
答案：C 根据空格后的“that
I
was
about
to
meet
the
best
skateboarder”可知，作者即将采访最优秀的滑板运动员这一事实(fact)令他怎么也平静不下来。
6．A.as
B．but
C．so
D．and
答案：B 作者非常紧张，可是仍设法介绍了自己。空格前后为转折关系，因此选but。somehow
“不知何故”。
7．A.friendly
B．simple
C．shy
D．cold
答案：A 从下文“gave
us
honest
answers
to
all
our
questions”可知，Tony很友好(friendly)，真诚地回答了所有问题。
8．A.discussing
B．reporting
C．guessing
D．thinking
答案：D 根据下文“wow,
he
was
so
cool”可知，在整个采访过程中，作者一直在想(think)他好酷啊！
9．A.partly
B．hardly
C．really
D．normally
答案：C 作者觉得Tony是真正(really)朴实的人。
10．A.continued
on
B．gave
up
C．turned
up
D．came
back
答案：B 根据下文中的“our
dreams
would
come
true”可知，Tony告诉作者如果他们不放弃(give
up)，好好努力，梦想就会实现。continue
on
“继续”；turn
up
“出现；调大”；come
back
“回来”。
11．A.busy
B．quiet
C．lonely
D．stressed
答案：A 根据下文中的“because
he
had
to
attend
an
important
meeting”可知他很忙(busy)。
12．A.excuse
B．reason
C．plan
D．chance
答案：D 作者非常高兴有这个机会(chance)来采访Tony。
13．A.smiles
B．awards
C．friends
D．gifts
答案：B 作为在滑板上有一定成就的选手，Tony
Hawk获得过许多奖项(award)。
14．A.game
B．idea
C．experience
D．lesson
答案：C 根据上文可知，作者获得了一次采访他偶像Tony
Hawk的机会，这是作者难以忘记的经历(experience)。
15．A.replace
B．share
C．exchange
D．spread
答案：B 根据语境可知，作者迫不及待地想回到家里，与他的家人以及朋友分享(share)这次经历。replace
“代替”；exchange
“交换”；spread
“传播”。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2020·浙江省温州高三英语第一次模拟)The
cultures
of
the
East
and
the
West
really
distinguish
each
other
a
lot.
__1__
The
origin
of
the
Eastern
cultures
is
mainly
from
two
countries:
China
and
India.
Both
of
the
two
cultures
are
developed
by
rivers—the
Yellow
River
in
China
and
the
Hindu
River
in
India.
__2__
When
the
two
mother
rivers
gave
birth
to
the
Eastern
culture,
another
famous
culture
was
brought
up
on
the
Mesopotamian
Plain—the
Mesopotamian
Civilization.
This
civilization
later
on
developed
into
the
cultures
of
Ancient
Greece
and
Ancient
Rome.
__3__
Like
the
Chinese
culture,
the
European
culture
also
crossed
waters.
When
the
British
settled
down
in
America,
their
culture
went
with
them
over
the
Atlantic
Ocean.
So
the
American
culture
doesn't
distinguish
from
the
European
culture
a
lot.
__4__
Take
the
language
system
for
example.
In
the
East,
most
languages
belong
to
the
pictographic
language
while
the
Western
languages
are
mostly
based
on
the
Latin
system.
Other
causes
like
human
race
difference
counts
as
well.
But
what's
more,
due
to
the
far
distance
and
the
steep
areas
between
the
East
and
West,
the
two
cultures
seldom
communicate
until
recent
centuries.
So
they
grew
up
totally
in
their
own
ways
with
almost
no?interference
(干扰)
from
the
other.
The
differences
are
everywhere.
__5__
But
different
cultures
make
the
world
of
21st
century
more
colorful.
The
cultural
gap
should
not
be
the
obstacle
(障碍)
to
the
civilization
of
human
being.
It
ought
to
be
the
motivation
of
our
going
farther.
A．They
are
obvious
and
affect
people's
ways
of
thinking
and
their
views
of
the
world.
B．They
helped
the
two
cultures
develop
for
centuries
and
form
their
own
styles.
C．This
is
because
the
culture
systems
are
two
separate
systems
on
the
whole.
D．At
the
same
time,
some
other
differences
add
to
the
cultural
differences.
E．And
these
two
are
well?known
as
the
base
of
the
European
culture.
F．One
important
thing
is
to
learn
about
other
cultures.
G．Let
us
work
together
to
keep
a
variety
of
culture.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了东西方文化的起源、发展和它们之间的差异性。
1．C 前文提到东西方文化差异很大；下文开始具体讲述两种文化的不同之处；C项(这是因为文化系统在整体上是两个独立的系统)总述两种文化有差异的原因。故选C。
2．B 前一句提到这两种文化都是由沿河流域发展起来的，中国是黄河，印度是印度河；B项(它们帮助这两种文化历经世纪发展起来并形成自己的风格)与此是承接关系，符合语境。故选B。
3．E 前一句提到与此同时，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原——美索不达米亚文明，后来发展成古希腊文化和古罗马文化；E项(这两种文化是欧洲文化的根基)与此紧密衔接并对应。故选E。
4．D 由下文“Take
the
language
system
for
example.”和“Other
causes
like
human
race
difference
counts
as
well.”可知，本段讲的是其他的一些差异也造成了文化的差异。故选D。
5．A 前一句提到这些差异随处可见；结合选项可知，A项(它们很明显，而且影响人们的思维方式和世界观)进一步说明这些差异造成的影响，符合语境。故选A。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Whenever
asked
what
my
favourite
place
is,
I
have
trouble
deciding
between
the
two:
the
American
Museum
of
Natural
History
and
the
Bronx
Zoo.
Of
course,
they
have
many
obvious
similarities—both
are
in
New
York
City,
and
both
attract
people
who
are
interested
in
animals—but
they
have
a
lot
of
differences
too.
Obviously,
the
zoo
is
outdoors,
and
the
animals
in
it
are
alive,
but
those
aren't
the
differences
I'm
talking
about.
Being
at
the
zoo
feels
different:
It's
hot,
there
are
bees
and
screaming
kids
everywhere,
and
the
smell
of
the
city
mixes
with
the
smells
of
animals
and
snack
food.
It's
just
so
full
of
life.
Even
as
a
kid,
I
found
it
was
more
delightful
than
going
to
a
rollercoaster
(过山车)
park
or
a
sporting
event.
The
museum,
on
the
other
hand,
fills
me
with
a
feeling
of
deep
respect.
It's
just
so
dark
and
cool
and
quiet,
with
its
high
ceilings
and
long
echoes
(回声).
Unlike
the
zoo,
which
is
always
changing,
the
museum
is
basically
the
same
every
time
you
go.
The
same
animals
have
been
frozen
in
the
same
positions
since
my
grandfather
was
little;
it
seems
that
the
staff
never
change
them.
I
can
remember
going
to
both
places
often
as
a
child,
but
even
those
trips
were
different
from
each
other.
I
would
go
to
the
zoo
in
summer
on
a
car
trip,
along
with
my
whole
family,
but
the
museum
was
a
special
wintertime
thing
between
my
dad
and
me,
and
the
two
of
us
would
take
the
train—which
was
exciting
in
itself—rather
than
drive.
I've
lived
all
over
the
country,
but
I've
tried
to
visit
both
places
at
least
once
every
year
in
my
whole
life.
Although
the
zoo
and
the
museum
are
both
fun,
the
real
reason
why
I
love
them
is
that
they
give
me
knowledge
and
hope.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者喜欢去的两个地方：美国自然历史博物馆和布朗克斯动物园。文章还介绍了它们二者的不同之处，以及带给作者的不同乐趣。
[精彩范文]
Though
both
the
American
Museum
of
Natural
History
and
the
Bronx
Zoo
appeal
to
animal
lovers,
they
differ
much.
(要点1)
The
zoo
is
exciting,
noisy
and
changeable,
while
the
museum
remains
respectable,
silent
and
unchanged.
(要点2)
In
my
childhood,
I
visited
the
zoo
in
summer
by
car
but
took
trains
to
the
museum
in
winter.
(要点3)
In
a
word,
I
love
both
because
they
make
me
knowledgeable
and
hopeful.
(要点4)
PAGEUnit
2 Cloning
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2020·大同市高三学情调研测试试题)China
has
become
the
first
country
to
clone
a
monkey
using
non－reproductive
cells,
reducing
the
need
to
keep
lab
monkeys
and
paving
the
way
for
more
accurate,
effective,
and
affordable
animal
tests
for
new
drugs.
By
December
of
2017,
Chinese
scientists
had
created
two
clone
macaques
named
“Zhong
Zhong”
and
“Hua
Hua”
by
nuclear
transfer
of
somatic
cells—any
cell
in
the
organism
other
than
reproductive
cells.
This
was
the
similar
technology
used
to
create
the
famous
clone
sheep
Dolly
in
1996.
“Cloning
a
monkey
using
somatic
cells
has
been
a
worldclass
challenge
because
it
is
a
primate
(灵长类)
that
shares
its
genetic
makeup
with
humans.”
Pu
Muming
said.
“For
drug
and
other
lab
tests,
scientists
have
to
purchase
monkeys
from
all
over
the
world,
which
is
costly,
bad
for
the
environment
and
produces
inaccurate
results
because
each
monkey
might
have
different
genes，”
Pu
said.
“By
cloning
monkeys
using
somatic
cells,
we
can
produce
large
numbers
of
genetically
identical
(相同的)
offspring
in
a
short
time,
and
even
change
their
genes
to
suit
our
needs，”
he
added.
“This
can
save
time,
cut
down
experiment
costs,
and
produce
more
accurate
results,
leading
to
more
effective
medicine.”
“This
achievement
will
help
China
lead
the
world
research
in
an
international
science
project
related
to
neural
(神经的)
mapping
of
primate
brains，”
he
said.
“However,
biology
labs
from
the
United
States,
Japan,
and
European
countries
are
also
very
able,
and
they
will
quickly
catch
up
with
China
after
the
monkey
cloning
technology
is
made
public，”
Sun
Qiang
added.
“This
means
we
have
to
innovate
continuously
and
work
extra
hard
this
year
to
stay
ahead，”
he
said.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。中国科学家使用非生殖细胞成功地克隆了猴子，成为世界上第一个使用非生殖细胞克隆灵长类动物的国家。这项科研成果为更准确、更有效、更经济的新药动物试验铺平了道路。
1．What
is
special
about
China's
cloning
monkey?
A．It
transferred
cells
in
the
lab.
B．It
creates
two
monkeys
at
a
time.
C．It
adopts
a
method
of
embryo
splitting.
D．It
uses
non－reproductive
cells.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“China
has
become
the
first
country
to
clone
a
monkey
using
non－reproductive
cells”可知，中国克隆猴的特别之处在于其使用了非生殖细胞，故D项正确。
2．Why
do
scientists
clone
monkeys?
A．To
keep
monkeys
from
being
endangered.
B．To
test
new
medicines
on
them.
C．To
find
the
side
effects
of
medicines.
D．To
find
a
cure
for
mental
diseases.
答案：B 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容以及第五段最后一句可知，使用克隆猴可以节约时间，缩减实验费用，产生更精确的结果，进而生产更有效的药物。据此可推知，科学家克隆猴子是为了在它们身上试用新药，故B项正确。
3．What
Sun
said
in
the
last
paragraph
suggests
________.
A．they
are
determined
to
catch
up
with
America
B．they
try
to
avoid
competition
from
other
countries
C．they
aren't
satisfied
with
what
they
have
achieved
D．they
have
to
keep
the
monkey
cloning
technology
a
secret
答案：C 推理判断题。根据本文末句Sun说的话可知，Sun认为，他们必须不断创新，格外努力工作，以保持技术的先进性。据此可推知，他们并不满足于已取得的成就，故C项正确。
【词汇积累】 ①worldclass
adj.
世界第一流水平的 ②offspring
n.
幼崽；后代 ③innovate
v.
创新；改革 ④genetic
makeup
基因组成
【长难句分析】 China
has
become
the
first
country
to
clone
a
monkey
using
non－reproductive
cells,
reducing
the
need
to
keep
lab
monkeys
and
paving
the
way
for
more
accurate,
effective,
and
affordable
animal
tests
for
new
drugs.
中国成为世界上第一个使用非生产性细胞克隆猴子的国家，减少了对实验室猴子的饲养需求，为更准确、更有效、更经济的新药动物实验铺平了道路。
分析：这是一个简单句。to
clone
a
money为不定式作后置定语修饰country，using
non－productive
cells为现在分词短语作方式状语，
reducing
the
need
to
keep
lab
monkeys
and
paving
the
way
for
more
accurate,
effective,
and
affordable
animal
tests
for
new
drugs为现在分词短语作结果状语。
B
A
recent
announcement
by
scientists
that
they
have
successfully
cloned
the
first
human
embryo
(胚胎)
has
caused
much
debate
and
has
shocked
many
people
around
the
world.
On
the
one
hand,
some
scientists
point
out
that
if
you
clone
an
embryo,
you
can
produce
valuable
tissues
and
organs
that
could
be
used
to
save
human
lives.
On
the
other
hand,
many
people,
including
some
scientists,
disagree
and
fear
that
if
mankind
interferes
with
nature
in
this
way,
they
may
be
on
their
way
to
producing
a
real－life
Frankenstein's
monster.
Cloning
is
producing
an
exact
copy
of
a
plant
or
an
animal
using
its
cells.
The
first
mammal
to
be
cloned
successfully
from
an
adult
cell
was
Dolly—the
sheep.
She
was
born
in
1996
and
died
in
early
2003,
at
a
much
younger
age
than
normal.
When
she
was
born,
many
people
were
angry
because
they
thought
cloning
would
create
more
diseases
in
the
animal
world.
However,
in
general
the
scientists
were
praised
for
their
wonderful
scientific
breakthrough.
The
Scottish
scientist
who
created
Dolly,
Ian
Wilmut,
thinks
research
efforts
should
concentrate
on
creating
new
tissues
and
organs
that
could
eventually
be
used
to
cure
diseases
like
cancer.
However,
some
people
consider
that
cloning
human
embryos
with
the
intention
of
destroying
them
shows
no
respect
for
human
life.
While
cloning
human
embryos
is
illegal
in
many
countries,
some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
so
as
to
deliver
a
cloned
human
baby.
Severino
Antinori,
an
Italian
doctor,
is
one
of
the
leaders
in
this
kind
of
research.
In
China,
scientists
have
focused
their
efforts
on
cloning
animals,
as
well
as
stem
cells
to
be
used
in
medical
research.
China
has
succeeded
in
producing
clones
of
cows
and
goats,
and
continues
to
research
ways
in
which
cloning
can
benefit
mankind.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对于克隆人体胚胎的不同看法，以及克隆技术在其他国家的不同发展情况。
4．What
can
we
learn
about
cloning
according
to
the
passage?
A．Cloning
technology
can
only
be
applied
to
animals.
B．A
cloned
animal
can
live
longer
than
a
normal
one.
C．People
all
over
the
world
are
happy
about
the
birth
of
Dolly.
D．Cloning
can
produce
valuable
tissues
and
organs
to
cure
human
diseases.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“some
scientists
point
out
that
if
you
clone
an
embryo,
you
can
produce
valuable
tissues
(组织)
and
organs
that
could
be
used
to
save
human
lives”和第三段首句可知，克隆技术可以生产有价值的组织和器官用以治愈人类疾病。故选D项。根据第二段首句可知A项错误；从第二段Dolly的例子可知克隆的动物不如正常的动物寿命长，故B项错误；C项与原文第二段的第四句话相悖。
5．The
reasons
why
people
are
anti－cloning
include
the
following
EXCEPT
that
________.
A．cloning
may
produce
a
real－life
Frankenstein's
monster
B．cloning
might
create
more
diseases
in
the
animal
world
C．cloning
can't
help
those
who
want
to
clone
their
dead
children
D．cloning
human
embryos
shows
no
respect
for
human
life
答案：C 细节理解题。根据文中第一段第三句中的“they
may
be
on
their
way
to
producing
a
real－life
Frankenstein's
monster”提到克隆技术可能会产生出失控的怪物；第二段第四句“When
she
was
born,
many
people
were
angry
because
they
thought
cloning
would
create
more
diseases
in
the
animal
world.”提到克隆动物可能会带来病毒；第三段最后一句“However,
some
people
consider
that
cloning
human
embryos
with
the
intention
of
destroying
them
shows
no
respect
for
human
life.”提到克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。文中未提及C项，故选C。
6．What
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
two
paragraphs?
A．If
we
interfere
with
nature,
we
will
change
the
world
to
be
what
we
want.
B．It
is
impossible
to
clone
babies
for
women
who
cannot
have
ones.
C．Cloning
human
beings
is
illegal
in
many
countries,
so
no
scientists
want
to
do
so.
D．Whether
cloning
human
embryos
is
legal
or
not
remains
a
matter
of
debate.
答案：D 推理判断题。通过倒数第二段第一句“While
cloning
human
embryos
is
illegal
in
many
countries,
some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
so
as
to
deliver
a
cloned
human
baby.”可知，虽然克隆人体胚胎在很多国家还不被认可，但是有些科学家已经开始了这方面的研究。由此可推断出，对于克隆人体胚胎是否合法现在还是一个存在争议的问题。故选D。
7．Which
of
the
following
would
be
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A．Dolly—A
Brave
Try
of
Using
Cloning
B．The
Cloning
Development
in
China
C．Cloning—A
Perfect
Copy
D．The
Bad
Effects
of
Cloning
答案：C 标题判断题。根据全文可知，本文介绍了人们对于克隆人体胚胎的不同看法，以及克隆技术在其他国家的不同发展情况。A.重点讲多利羊；B.克隆技术在中国的发展；D.克隆技术的不良影响，这三项都只是文章中的部分内容。故选C。
【词汇积累】 ①tissue
n.
(人、动植物细胞的)组织 ②breakthrough
n.
重大进展；突破 ③with
the
intention
of
为了；打算
【长难句分析】 While
cloning
human
embryos
is
illegal
in
many
countries,
some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
so
as
to
deliver
a
cloned
human
baby.
虽然克隆人体胚胎在许多国家都是非法的，但一些科学家已经在推进研究，以便生产出克隆的人类婴儿。
分析：此句是主从复合句。While
cloning
human
embryos
is
illegal
in
many
countries是让步状语从句，cloning
human
embryos是动名词作主语；some
scientists
are
already
pushing
ahead
with
research
so
as
to
deliver
a
cloned
human
baby是主句，其中so
as
to
deliver
a
cloned
human
baby是不定式短语作目的状语。
C
Gene
technology
is
a
kind
of
science
focusing
on
the
research
of
human
genes,
which
is
drawing
more
and
more
attention
now.
The
greatest
thing
that
gene
technology
can
do
is
to
cure
serious
diseases
that
doctors
at
present
can
almost
do
nothing
with,
such
as
cancer
and
heart
disease.
Every
year,
millions
of
people
are
murdered
by
these_two_killers.
And
to
date,
doctors
have
not
found
an
effective
way
to
cure
them.
But
if
the
gene
technology
is
applied,
not
only
can
these
two
diseases
be
cured
completely,
but
also
the
great
amount
of
money
people
spend
on
curing
their
diseases
can
be
saved,
therefore
it
benefits
the
economy
as
well.
In
addition,
human
lifespan
can
be
prolonged.
Gene
technology
can
help
people
to
give
birth
to
more
healthy
and
clever
children.
Some
families,
with
the
English
royal
family
being
a
good
example,
have
hereditary
(遗传性的)
diseases.
This
means
their
children
will
for
sure
have
the
family
disease,
which
is
a
great
trouble
for
these
families.
In
the
past,
doctors
could
do
nothing
about
hereditary
diseases.
But
gene
technology
can
solve
this
problem
perfectly.
Scientists
just
need
to
find
the
wrong
gene
and
correct
it,
and
a
healthy
child
will
be
born.
Some
people
are
worrying
that
the
gene
research
can
be
used
to
produce
human
beings
in
large
quantities.
But
I
believe
cloned
babies
will
not
come
out
in
large
quantities,
for
most
couples
in
the
world
can
have
their
babies
in
a
very
normal
way.
Of
course,
the
governments
must
take
care
to
control
gene
technology.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基因技术在现实社会中的应用，比如人们可以利用它来治疗癌症和心脏病等；可以节省大量的钱财，有益于经济；同时还可以使得人类长寿；并且它还可以治疗一些遗传病等。
8．What
does
“these
two
killers”
in
the
second
paragraph
refer
to?
A．Hereditary
diseases
and
cancer.
B．The
two
murderers
who
killed
the
cloned
baby.
C．The
two
diseases
of
cancer
and
heart
disease.
D．Gene
technology
and
another
treatment
of
the
two
diseases.
答案：C 指代判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“such
as
cancer
and
heart
disease”可知，这两大杀手指的是癌症和心脏病，故选C。
9．What's
the
main
idea
of
the
third
paragraph?
A．Gene
technology
can
help
people
to
give
birth
to
a
baby.
B．Gene
technology
can
be
used
to
clone
human
babies.
C．Gene
technology
can
be
used
to
treat
hereditary
diseases.
D．Gene
technology
can
solve
all
the
problems
of
the
English
royal
family.
答案：C 段落大意题。根据第三段第二句“Some
families,
with
the
English
royal
family
being
a
good
example,
have
hereditary
(遗传性的)
diseases.”和第五句“But
gene
technology
can
solve
this
problem
perfectly.”可知，这一段主要介绍了基因技术可以治疗遗传病的情况，故选C。
10．In
what
way
can
gene
technology
help
to
treat
hereditary
diseases?
A．Using
gene
technology,
human
babies
can
be
cloned.
B．Using
gene
technology,
scientists
find
the
wrong
gene
and
correct
it.
C．Gene
technology
helps
people
with
hereditary
diseases
to
live
longer.
D．Doctors
can
cure
cancer
and
heart
disease
with
the
help
of
technology.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Scientists
just
need
to
find
the
wrong
gene
and
correct
it,
and
a
healthy
child
will
be
born.”可知，利用基因技术治疗遗传病的主要方法是找出错误的基因然后纠正它，故选B。
11．What
is
the
main
purpose
of
writing
this
passage?
A．Expressing
the
writer's
idea
that
gene
technology
will
benefit
people.
B．Telling
people
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
of
gene
technology.
C．Telling
the
readers
that
gene
technology
will
not
benefit
people.
D．Explaining
that
gene
technology
will
also
do
harm
to
the
humanity.
答案：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了基因技术在现实社会中的应用，比如人们可以利用它来治疗癌症和心脏病等；可以节省大量的钱财，有益于经济；同时还可以使得人类长寿；并且它还可以治疗一些遗传病等。故选A。
【词汇积累】 ①lifespan
n.
寿命 ②give
birth
to
生孩子；产生，造成 ③in
large
quantities
大量的
【长难句分析】 The
greatest
thing
that
gene
technology
can
do
is
to
cure
serious
diseases
that
doctors
at
present
can
almost
do
nothing
with,
such
as
cancer
and
heart
disease.
基因技术能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈目前医生几乎无能为力的严重疾病，如癌症和心脏病。
分析：此句是主从复合句。主句The
greatest
thing
...
is
to
cure
serious
diseases
...
是“主系表结构”，to
cure
serious
diseases是不定式短语作表语；此外that
gene
technology
can
do是定语从句修饰The
greatest
thing;
that
doctors
at
present
can
almost
do
nothing
with是定语从句修饰diseases。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020·陕西省百校联盟TOP20联考)Some
historians
say
that
silk
originated
in
China
about
10,000
years
ago.
In
China,
however,
legend
__1__
(have)
it
that
Empress
Si
Ling
Chi
of
China
was
the
first
one
__2__
(discover)
silk
more
than
five
thousand
years
ago.
The
story
goes
__3__
while
sitting
under
a
mulberry
(桑树)
tree
in
her
palace
garden,
the
Empress
was
having
tea.
A
cocoon
fell
into
her
hot
cup
of
tea
from
the
branches
of
the
mulberry
tree.
And
as
she
watched,
a
strong
white
thread
spread
gradually.
For
more
than
two
thousand
years,
the
Chinese
kept
the
secret
of
silk
to
themselves.
Anyone
found
guilty
of
smuggling
(偷运)
silkworm
eggs,
cocoons,
or
mulberry
seeds
was
put
to
__4__
(die).
Silk
became
the
cloth
of
emperors
and
royalty
and
a
great
source
of
wealth.
But
common
people
were
prohibited
__5__
wearing
silk.
Silk
was
gathered
and
kept
in
warehouses
for
__6__
emergency.
The
Chinese
used
silk
in
many
ways.
Civil
servants
__7__
(pay)
in
quantities
of
silk,
and
it
was
a
way
for
the
rulers
to
reward
their
citizens.
Silk
was
also
used
as
currency
in
domestic
as
well
as
foreign
trade.
Chinese
traders
exchanged
their
silk
in
return
for
spices
and
jewels
__8__
(buy)
in
India.
Later,
people
from
different
parts
of
society
began
wearing
silk
clothes,
and
__9__
(surprise)
silk
came
into
__10__
(much)
general
use
than
before.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸的传说、用途以及后期的发展。
1．has 考查主谓一致和动词的时态。根据后一句中的goes，再结合主语是legend可知，用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填has。legend
has
it
that是固定句型，可译为“传说是这样的……”。
2．to
discover 考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式充当定语修饰前面的the
first
one。故填to
discover。
3．that 考查同位语从句的连接词。此处引导同位语从句，补充说明前面的名词story。
4．death 考查词性转换。空格前的to是介词，此处要用名词形式。故填death。
5．from 考查介词。prohibit
...
from
...
“禁止……”，为固定搭配。故填from。
6．an 考查冠词。空格后的名词emergency是可数名词，并且词首字母发元音。故填不定冠词an。
7．were
paid 考查动词的时态和语态。此处主语servants与动词pay之间构成动宾关系，再结合前后句的谓语动词时态为一般过去时可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were
paid。
8．bought 考查非谓语动词。此处用过去分词作定语，修饰前面的名词spices
and
jewels，表被动、完成。故填bought。
9．surprisingly 考查词性转换。此处修饰后面的句子silk
came
...，要用副词形式。故填surprisingly。
10．more 考查比较级。根据后面的连词than可知，此处要用比较级形式。故填more。
PAGEUnit
3 Inventors
and
inventions
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
(2020·贵州省安顺市高三联考)
Kitchen
Products
◆Sandwich
Baggy
Rack
These
baggy
stands
will
up
your
lunch?making
game
like
nobody's
business.
Set
them
up
with
a
sandwich
bag
attached,
get
out
your
snacks,
and
get
ready
to
set
some
records
for
making
the
“world's
fastest
bagged
lunch”.
They're
also
great
if
you
need
to
store
liquids,
but
have
someone
around
to
hold
the
bag
open
as
you
pour.
Available
on
Amazon,
$11.99
◆Pasta
Strainer
(滤网)
Attachment
Having
to
hold
the
strainer
still
and
sometimes
up
a
few
inches
from
the
sink—while
holding
a
heavy
pot
that
you're
pouring—is
kind
of
annoying.
But
this
handy
attachment
fits
your
pot
so
well
that
you
can
tip
it
over
the
sink
and
just
pour
the
water
right
out.
Amazing!
Available
on
Amazon,
$15.99
◆Rub?A?Way
Stainless
Steel
Bar
You
love
cooking
with
garlic
(大蒜)
and
onion,
but
hate
the
way
it
makes
your
hands
smelly.
Good
news
is
that
this
stainless
steel
bar
helps
get
rid
of
those
bad
smells
in
minutes.
You
rub
it
between
your
hands
just
like
you
would
rub
a
real
bar
of
soap
(with
or
without
water),
and
the
horrible
smell
is
gone.
Available
on
Amazon,
$11.47
◆Grocery
Bag
Holder
Plastic
baggies
come
in
handy
for
loads
of
things,
and
reusing
them
is
smart
for
the
environment.
But
it's
time
we
all
got
a
handle
on
our
plastic
bag
storing.
This
kitchen
container
can
be
drilled
right
to
the
wall
or
the
inside
of
a
cupboard
to
keep
them
in
check,
once
and
for
all.
Available
on
Amazon,
$10.99
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种实用的厨房用品。
1．Which
of
the
following
is
suitable
for
storing
milk?
A．Grocery
Bag
Holder.
B．Sandwich
Baggy
Rack.
C．Pasta
Strainer
Attachment.
D．Rub?A?Way
Stainless
Steel
Bar.
答案：B 细节理解题。根据第一件商品介绍中的“They're
also
great
if
you
need
to
store
liquids”可知，这些袋子可以盛液体，自然包括牛奶。
2．What's
the
Rub?A?Way
Stainless
Steel
Bar
designed
for?
A．Removing
bad
smells.
B．Preparing
dishes
quickly.
C．Keeping
your
hands
clean.
D．Collecting
kitchen
wastes
easily.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三件商品介绍最后一句中的“the
horrible
smell
is
gone”可知，这件商品能除去你手上难闻的气味。
3．What
do
we
know
about
Grocery
Bag
Holder?
A．It
helps
keep
food
clean.
B．It
helps
make
sandwiches.
C．It
contains
rubbish
properly.
D．It
is
the
cheapest
of
the
four.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第四件商品介绍最后的价格“Available
on
Amazon,
$10.99”可知，这件商品是最便宜的。
【词汇积累】 ①rack
n.
架子，支架 ②strainer
n.
滤器；滤盆；滤网 ③drill
v.
钻(孔)；打(眼) ④loads
of
大量；许多
【佳句背诵】 Good
news
is
that
this
stainless
steel
bar
helps
get
rid
of
those
bad
smells
in
minutes.
好消息是，这种不锈钢棒可以在几分钟内帮助去除那些难闻的气味。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A
six?year?old
kid
walked
into
a
candy
store
with
his
dad
and
was
surprised
by
so
many
candies
on
offer.
“It's
amazing.
What
should
I
__1__？”
He
asked
himself.
“Come
on,
son.
We
don't
have
much
__2__.
I
have
to
attend
an
important
meeting，”
his
dad
said.
“These
are
all
my
__3__
and
I
don't
know
what
to
choose.”
He
picked
up
some
bags
and
then
put
them
__4__.
He
couldn't
make
up
his
mind.
“__5__，
son,
we
have
no
time.
I'm
very
__6__，
”his
dad
said.
So
the
boy
ran
around
the
store
__7__
again.
His
eyes
moved
from
one
bag
to
another,
__8__
all
of
the
sweets
looked
so
good
and
he
couldn't
make
up
his
mind.
__9__，
the
dad
had
enough.
He
caught
his
son
by
the
hand
and
they
__10__
the
store
empty?handed.
The
boy
__11__.
He
wanted
them
all,
but
ended
up
with
__12__
because
he
couldn't
choose
just
one.
Some
of
us
are
that
boy.
The
__13__
is
that
candy
store.
We
have
a
great
number
of
choices
available
to
us,
but
if
we
don't
make
a(n)
__14__
about
our
jobs,
education,
relationships,
marriage
or
other
__15__
things,
we
will
end
up
empty?handed.
篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了男孩和爸爸一起去糖果店买糖果的故事，作者由此引申到人生中的抉择，告诉读者不要犹豫不决，否则就会像男孩一样，空手而归。
1．A.think
B．make
C．say
D．choose
答案：D 结合语境可推知，男孩和爸爸一起走进糖果店，面对品种繁多的糖果，男孩不知道该如何选择，且根据第三段第一句中“what
to
choose”可知选D。
2．A.time
B．money
C．interest
D．power
答案：A 根据下文“I
have
to
attend
an
important
meeting”可推知，此处指没有多少时间(time)。另外根据文章第三段第四句中“we
have
no
time”也可得出选A。
3．A.secrets
B．favorites
C．ideas
D．needs
答案：B 根据下文“I
don't
know
what
to
choose”可推知，那些糖果男孩都很喜欢，favorite
“特别喜欢的人(或事物)”。故选B。
4．A.in
B．away
C．back
D．aside
答案：C put
in
“投入，提交”；put
away
“收拾，放好”；put
back
“放回原处”；put
aside
“把……暂放一边；把……留作后用”。根据下句提到“He
couldn't
make
up
his
mind.”可知，此处指男孩很犹豫，拿起糖果又放回去。故选C。
5．A.Hold
on
B．Come
over
C．Go
on
D．Hurry
up
答案：D hold
on
“坚持；别挂断(电话)”；come
over
“顺便来访”；go
on
“继续”；hurry
up
“赶快”。下文父亲说“we
have
no
time”，故此处与第二段中“Come
on,
son.”一样，是父亲催促男孩快点。故选D。
6．A.tired
B．busy
C．fair
D．patient
答案：B 上文父亲说自己没有时间，并且文章第二段中提到父亲要参加一个重要会议，可见此处表示父亲很忙(busy)。故选B。
7．A.carefully
B．quietly
C．quickly
D．nervously
答案：C 上文父亲不断催促男孩，所以男孩加快动作。故选C。
8．A.and
B．or
C．though
D．but
答案：D 上文“他的眼睛从一袋糖果移向另一袋”与下文“所有的糖果看上去都不错，男孩还是没有办法决定”在语义上是转折关系。故选D。
9．A.Luckily
B．Certainly
C．Finally
D．Hopefully
答案：C 结合文意，此处指最终(finally)爸爸等不及了。故选C。
10．A.got
hold
of
B．walked
out
of
C．searched
for
D．checked
with
答案：B get
hold
of
“抓住”；walk
out
of
“走出”；search
for
“寻找”；check
with
“核对”。根据文意可知，最后爸爸等不及了，抓着儿子空手走出了商店。故选B。
11．A.cried
B．waited
C．returned
D．understood
答案：A 结合常识，男孩空手而归，当然会不开心，会哭(cry)。故选A。
12．A.fun
B．fear
C．peace
D．nothing
答案：D 根据上文中的“empty?handed(空手)”可知，男孩最后什么都没有(nothing)得到。end
up
with
“以……结束”。故选D。
13．A.sky
B．school
C．world
D．company
答案：C 根据上文提到的我们中的一部分人就是那个小男孩可推知，此处是将世界(world)比喻成糖果店。故选C。
14．A.plan
B．decision
C．guess
D．ending
答案：B 根据第三段第三句中的“make
up
his
mind(做决定)”可知，此处填入decision，表示“如果我们无法为我们的工作、教育、人际关系、婚姻等做出决定”。故选B。
15．A.important
B．simple
C．common
D．good
答案：A 上文提到“...
jobs,
education,
relationships,
marriage”，结合常识可知，工作、教育、人际关系、婚姻这些均是人生中重要的(important)事情。故选A。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2020·吉林省梅河口市高三上学期联考)The
history
of
writing
instruments,
with
which
humans
have
recorded
and
conveyed
thoughts
and
feelings,
is
the
history
of
civilization
itself.
This
is
how
we
know
about
our
ancestors
and
their
life.
The
handy
sharpened?stone
was
adapted
into
the
first
writing
instrument.
Around
24000
BC,
the
cave
man
started
drawing
pictures
with
the
stone
onto
the
walls
of
his
cave.
__1__
Walls
at
the
Apollo
site
in
Namibia
are
believed
to
be
the
oldest
rock
paintings
to
date.
Before
paper
came
along,
people
used
clay
or
wax
tablets
on
which
they
wrote
with
sharp
objects
such
as
metal
sticks
or
bones.
Around
6,000
years
ago,
the
Egyptians
invented
the
first
paperlike
material
called
papyrus.
The
word
“paper”
actually
comes
from
the
word
“papyrus”．
__2__
Bones
or
metal
sticks
were
no
longer
useful
as
the
papyrus
could
not
be
scratched.
So
the
Egyptians
created
a
reed?pen
perfect
for
the
papyrus.
__3__
And
thus,
ancient
Egyptians
transformed
bamboo
stems
(茎)
into
an
early
form
of
a
fountain
pen.
Another
writing
instrument
that
remained
active
in
history
for
a
long
period
was
the
quill
(鹅毛)
pen.
Introduced
around
700
AD,
the
quill
was
a
pen
made
from
a
bird
feather.
Goose
feathers
were
most
common.
__4__
For
making
fine
line
drawings,
crow
feathers
were
the
best.
When
writers
had
better
inks
and
paper
and
handwriting
had
developed
into
both
an
art
form
and
an
everyday
occurrence,
man's
inventive
nature
once
again
turned
to
improving
the
writing
instrument.
__5__
A．Now
something
was
needed
to
write
upon
the
papyrus.
B．The
papyrus
became
the
most
popular
material
at
that
time.
C．Swan
feathers
were
of
high
quality,
being
rare
and
most
expensive.
D．Bamboo
stems
were
better
and
much
more
expensive
than
goose
feathers.
E．This
led
to
the
development
of
the
modem
fountain
pen
in
the
19th
century.
F．These
were
mostly
the
stems
of
grasses,
especially
from
the
bamboo
plant.
G．These
drawings
showed
events
in
daily
life
like
the
planting
of
crops
or
hunting
victories.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了改进书写工具的发展。
1．G 上文提示“大约公元前24000年，穴居人开始用石头在洞穴的墙上画画。”再根据下文提示“纳米比亚阿波罗遗址的墙壁被认为是迄今为止最古老的岩画。”因此，G项“These
drawings
showed
events
in
daily
life
like
the
planting
of
crops
or
hunting
victories.(这些图画展示了日常生活中的事件，如种植庄稼或打猎的胜利。)”承上启下，切题。故选G。
2．A 下文提示“由于纸莎草纸不能被划破，骨头或金属棒不再有用。”因此，A项“Now
something
was
needed
to
write
upon
the
papyrus.(现在需要一些工具，以便可以在纸莎草纸上书写。)”引起下文，切题。故选A。
3．F 上文提示“因此，埃及人创造了一种芦苇笔，完美地用于纸莎草纸。”；下文提示“古埃及把竹子的茎转化成早期自来水笔的形式。”因此，F项“These
were
mostly
the
stems
of
grasses,
especially
from
the
bamboo
plant.(这些主要是草的茎，尤其是竹子的茎。)”承上启下，切题。故选F。
4．C 上文提示“最常见的是鹅毛。”因此，C项“Swan
feathers
were
of
high
quality,
being
rare
and
most
expensive.
(天鹅羽毛质量很好，既稀有又昂贵。)”承接上文，切题。故选C。
5．E 上文提示“当作家们有了更好的纸墨以及书法发展成为一种艺术形式和日常生活的一部分时，人类的创造性再一次转向改进书写工具。”因此，E项“This
led
to
the
development
of
the
modem
fountain
pen
in
the
19th
century.(这导致了现代钢笔在19世纪的发展。)”承接上文，切题。故选E。
Ⅳ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There
have
been
many
great
inventions,
which
have
changed
the
way
we
live.
The
first
great
invention
was
one
that
is
still
very
important
today—the
wheel.
This
made
it
easier
to
carry
heavy
things
and
to
travel
long
distances.
For
hundreds
of
years
after
that
there
were
few
inventions
that
had
as
much
effect
as
the
wheel.
Then
in
the
early
1800's
the
world
started
to
change.
There
was
little
unknown
land
in
the
world.
People
did
not
have
to
explore
any
more.
They
began
to
work
so
as
to
make
life
better.
In
the
second
half
of
the
19th
century
many
great
inventions
were
made.
Among
them
were
the
camera,
the
electric
light
and
the
radio.
These
all
became
a
big
part
of
our
life
today.
The
first
part
of
the
20th
century
saw
more
great
inventions:
the
helicopter
in
1909;
movies
with
sound
in
1926;
the
computer
in
1928;
and
jet
planes
in
1930.
This
was
also
a
time
when
a
new
material
was
first
made.
Nylon
came
out
in
1935.
It
changed
the
kind
of
clothes
people
had
been
wearing.
The
middle
part
of
the
20th
century
brought
new
ways
to
help
people
get
over
diseases.
They
worked
very
well.
They
made
people
healthier
and
let
them
live
longer
lives.
By
the
1960's
most
people
could
expect
to
live
at
least
60.
By
this
time
most
people
had
a
very
good
life.
Of
course
new
inventions
continued
to
be
made.
But
man
now
had
a
desire
to
explore
again.
The
world
was
known
to
human
beings
but
the
stars
were
not.
Man
began
to
look
for
ways
to
go
into
space.
Russia
made
the
first
step.
Then
the
United
States
took
a
step.
Since
then
other
countries,
including
China
and
Japan,
have
made
their
steps
into
space.
In
1969
man
took
his
biggest
step
away
from
the
earth.
Americans
first
walked
on
the
moon.
This
is
certainly
just
a
beginning
though.
New
inventions
in
the
future
will
allow
us
to
do
things
we
have
never
dreamt
of.
In
the
20th
century,
the
invention
of
the
spacecraft
has
made
the
world
smaller,
The
21st
century
is
known
as
the
Internet
era.
写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类历史不同阶段的主要发明成果。
[精彩范文]
In
the
20th
century,
the
invention
of
the
spacecraft
has
made
the
world
smaller,
the
space
device
has
led
people
to
move
towards
the
universe,
and
the
exploration
of
the
universe
has
made
us
know
more
about
the
outside
world.
The
20th
century
is
also
the
age
of
information
technology.
The
popularity
of
mass
media,
such
as
the
radio,
the
television
and
the
film,
has
a
huge
impact
on
human
beings.
They
can
entertain
the
public,
and
meanwhile
spread
all
kinds
of
information.
Towards
the
end
of
the
20th
century,
the
rise
of
the
Internet
has
greatly
affected
our
life.
The
21st
century
is
known
as
the
Internet
era.
It
is
also
the
age
of
global
e－commerce,
so
our
daily
work,
study,
life,
entertainment,
business,
etc.,
must
be
related
to
the
network.
The
rapid
development
of
the
Internet
shows
great
promise
and
unique
significance.
PAGEUnit
4 Pygmalion
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)
OPENINGS
AND
PREVIEWS
Animals
Out
of
Paper
Yolo!
Productions
and
the
Great
Griffon
present
the
play
by
Rajiv
Joseph,
in
which
an
origami
(折纸术)
artist
invites
a
teenage
talent
and
his
teacher
into
her
studio.
Merri
Milwe
directs.
In
previews.
Opens
Feb.12.
(West
Park
Presbyterian
Church,
165
W.
86th
St.
212－868－4444.)
The
Audience
Helen
Mirren
stars
in
the
play
by
Peter
Morgan,
about
Queen
Elizabeth
Ⅱ
of
the
UK
and
her
private
meetings
with
twelve
Prime
Ministers
in
the
course
of
sixty
years.
Stephen
Daldry
directs.
Also
starring
Dylan
Baker
and
Judith
Ivey.
Previews
begin
Feb.14.
(Schoenfeld,
236
W.
45th
St.212－239－6200.)
Hamilton
Lin?Manuel
Miranda
wrote
this
musical
about
Alexander
Hamilton,
in
which
the
birth
of
America
is
presented
as
an
immigrant
story.
Thomas
Kail
directs.
In
previews.
Opens
Feb.17.
(Public,
425
Lafayette
St.
212－967－7555.)
On
the
Twentieth
Century
Kristin
Chenoweth
and
Peter
Gallagher
star
in
the
musical
comedy
by
Betty
Comden
and
Adolph
Green,
about
a
Broadway
producer
who
tries
to
win
a
movie
star's
love
during
a
cross?country
train
journey.
Scott
Ellis
directs,
for
Roundabout
Theatre
Company.
Previews
begin
Feb.12.
(American
Airlines
Theatre,
227
W.
42nd
St.
212－719－1300.)
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两部戏剧和两部音乐剧的内容简介、导演等相关信息。
1．What
is
the
play
by
Rajiv
Joseph
probably
about?
A．A
type
of
art.
B．A
teenager's
studio.
C．A
great
teacher.
D．A
group
of
animals.
答案：A 推理判断题。由题干中的“the
play
by
Rajiv
Joseph”定位到原文第一则广告。由此广告中戏剧的名字“Animals
Out
of
Paper”以及“...
in
which
an
origami
(折纸术)
artist
invites
a
teenage
talent
and
his
teacher
into
her
studio”可知，这部戏剧很可能是关于一种艺术——折纸术的，
故选A项。
2．Who
is
the
director
of
The
Audience?
A．Helen
Mirren.
B．Peter
Morgan.
C．Dylan
Baker.
D．Stephen
Daldry.
答案：D 细节理解题。由题干中的“the
director
of
The
Audience”定位到原文第二则广告。由此广告中的“Stephen
Daldry
directs.”可知导演是Stephen
Daldry，故选D项。
3．Which
play
will
you
go
to
if
you
are
interested
in
American
history?
A．Animals
Out
of
Paper.
B．The
Audience.
C．Hamilton.
D．On
the
Twentieth
Century.
答案：C 细节理解题。由题干中的“American
history”定位到原文第三则广告。由此广告中的“...
in
which
the
birth
of
America
is
presented
as
an
immigrant
story.”可知，你如果对美国历史感兴趣，应该去看Hamilton这部音乐剧。故选C项。
【词汇积累】 ①immigrant
n.
移民 ②cross?country
adj.
横越全国的 ③in
previews
预告中
【长难句分析】 Kristin
Chenoweth
and
Peter
Gallagher
star
in
the
musical
comedy
by
Betty
Comden
and
Adolph
Green,
about
a
Broadway
producer
who
tries
to
win
a
movie
star's
love
during
a
cross?country
train
journey.
克里斯汀·切诺维思和彼得·加拉赫主演了贝蒂·康登和阿道夫·格林的音乐喜剧，
讲述的是一位百老汇制片人试图在一次穿越全国的火车旅行中赢得一位电影明星的爱。
分析：此句是简单句。主语是Kristin
Chenoweth
and
Peter
Gallagher；谓语是star;
in
the
musical
comedy是状语；介词短语by
Betty
Comden
and
Adolph
Green和about
a
Broadway
producer
...是后置定语修饰comedy；在about后面的介词短语中，who
tries
to
win
a
movie
star's
love
during
a
cross?country
train
journey是定语从句修饰a
Broadway
producer。
B
(2020·河北衡水中学高三第一次联考)Lebanese
filmmaker
Nadine
Labaki
has
become
the
first
female
artist
in
the
Arab
world
to
be
nominated
(提名)
for
an
Academy
Award,
or
Oscar.
Labaki
directed
the
film
Capernaum,
a
film
about
a
Syrian
refugee
(难民)
boy
and
a
Kenyan
baby
who
live
without
parents
on
the
streets
of
Beirut.
It
was
nominated
for
best
foreign
language
film.
Labaki
will
be
one
of
the
few
female
directors
to
compete
for
an
Oscar
this
year.
She
told
The
Associated
Press
“I
wish
there
were
a
lot
more
women
filmmakers
this
year
represented,
nominated
in
the
Oscars.
But
I
am
sure
in
a
few
years
we
won't
be
having
this
problem
anymore.”
Unlike
in
the
West,
women
filmmakers
are
industry
leaders
in
Lebanon.
Capernaum
received
a
15?minute
standing
ovation
(热烈欢迎)
at
this
year's
Cannes
Film
Festival.
It
won
the
Jury
Prize—the
third?highest
award
given
at
Cannes.
The
United
Nations
has
publicly
praised
the
film.
Lebanon's
Foreign
Minister
said
Capernaum
put
a
Lebanese
touch
on
the
international
film
industry.
The
Oscar
nomination
of
Capernaum
is
the
second
for
Lebanon
in
two
years
in
the
film
group.
It
demonstrates
the
country's
rising
star
power.
Labaki
called
making
the
movie
a
life?changing
experience.
She
said
Capernaum
helps
humanize
the
real
struggles
of
refugees
only
briefly
talked
about
in
the
news.
“We
can't
help
but
acknowledge
that
there
is
a
fear
of
refugees
in
general
around
the
world
and
there
are
these
walls
we
are
building,
and
this
fear
keeps
growing，”
Labaki
said.
Capernaum
will
compete
against
four
other
films
for
the
Oscar,
including
awards
season
favorite
Roma.
Directed
by
Mexico's
Alfonso
Cuaron,
it
earned
10
Oscar
nominations,
including
for
best
picture.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了黎巴嫩女导演Nadine
Labaki及其导演的电影Capernaum的相关情况。
4．Where
does
Labaki
come
from?
A．Syria.
B．Kenya.
C．Lebanon.
D．Mexico.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Lebanese
filmmaker”可知，Nadine
Labaki是黎巴嫩人，故答案为C。
5．What
do
we
know
from
Labaki's
words
in
Paragraph
3?
A．Few
women
directors
have
been
nominated
in
the
Oscars.
B．She
was
the
first
female
artist
to
compete
for
an
Oscar.
C．More
women
directors
will
enter
for
Oscar
this
year.
D．Female
directors
have
problems
with
their
films.
答案：A 推理判断题。根据Labaki的话可知，她希望今年能有更多的女导演被提名奥斯卡奖，并希望今后不再有类似问题。由此可以推断近几年没有几位女性导演被提名奥斯卡奖，故答案为A。
6．Which
of
the
following
best
describes
Capernaum?
A．It
is
the
best
foreign
language
film.
B．It
shows
the
rising
power
of
women.
C．It
has
won
the
first
prize
at
Cannes.
D．It
is
highly
thought
of.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据文中第五、六、七段可知，Capernaum这部电影获得了来自各方面的赞美。由此可知，这部电影获得了很高的评价，故答案为D。
7．What
does
the
underlined
“it”
in
the
last
paragraph
refer
to?
A．Capernaum.
B．The
Oscar.
C．Roma.
D．Best
picture.
答案：C 指代判断题。上句的最后提到了非常受欢迎的电影Roma,
然后本句就谈到这部电影是由谁导演，并获得十项提名。由此可知，此处it指代电影Roma，故答案为C。
【词汇积累】 ①demonstrate
v.
证明 ②humanize
v.
使通人情 ③acknowledge
v.
承认
【长难句分析】 Labaki
directed
the
film
Capernaum，a
film
about
a
Syrian
refugee
(难民)
boy
and
a
Kenyan
baby
who
live
without
parents
on
the
streets
of
Beirut.
Labaki执导电影《何以为家》，
这是一部关于一个没有父母的叙利亚难民男孩和肯尼亚婴儿生活在贝鲁特的街道上的电影。
分析：此句是简单句。a
film
about
a
Syrian
refugee
boy
and
a
Kenyan
baby
who
live
without
parents
on
the
streets
of
Beirut作the
film
Capernaum的同位语，其中who
引导定语从句修饰a
Syrian
refugee
boy
and
a
Kenyan
baby。
C
I
learnt
about
the
Pygmalion
effect
(皮格马利翁效应)
when
I
was
7
years
old
at
Riverdale
School
in
Palmerston
North
and
I
copied
Melissa
Crawford's
answers
in
a
spelling
test.
Before
that
I
was
average
at
school
but
after
that,
because
Melissa
Crawford
was
smart,
and
I
got
all
the
right
answers,
I
got
put
in
all
the
smart
kids
groups.
From
then
I
did
really
well
at
school
because
it
was
believed
by
the
teachers
that
I
would
and
I
also
got
grouped
with
the
smart
kids.
This
experience
that
occurred
at
my
primary
school
shows
just
how
important
the
Pygmalion
effect
is
in
terms
of
being
around
mentors
(导师)
that
expect
that
you're
going
to
do
well
and
also
being
around
people
who
are
smart.
Yesterday
this
site
had
over
5,000
unique
visitors
and
the
traffic
to
it
is
increasing
all
the
time.
A
year
ago
I
contacted
a
group
of
people
who
got
lots
of
traffic
in
their
sites
and
I
learnt
from
them.
Truthfully
I
don't
know
if
they
expected
me
to
start
getting
decent
traffic
to
websites
but
I
imagined
they
did
so
they
might
as
well
have.
So
there
you
have
it
the
Pygmalion
effect.
P．S.
My
grammar
and
spelling
are
not
that
great
nowadays
but
that's
actually
completely
irrelevant
(不相关的)
when
it
comes
to
getting
lots
of
visitors
to
your
site.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者自身的经历告诉我们皮格马利翁效应的神奇力量。
8．When
did
the
author
learn
about
the
Pygmalion
effect?
A．Before
he
took
the
spelling
test.
B．When
he
did
badly
in
exams.
C．After
he
cheated
in
the
spelling
test.
D．After
he
finished
primary
school.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I
copied
Melissa
Crawford's
answers
in
a
spelling
test”和第二段中的“This
experience
that
occurred
at
my
primary
school
shows
just
how
important
the
pygmalion
effect
is”可知，考试作弊以后，他知道了皮格马利翁效应。故选C。
9．The
author
got
grouped
with
the
smart
kids
because
________.
A．he
did
better
than
expected
B．he
did
better
than
all
the
others
at
school
C．Melissa
Crawford
was
smart
D．he
was
an
average
pupil
at
school
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者原先学，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，也就是比预期表现得好，所以老师把他列为聪明的学生之中。故选A。
10．What
does
the
underlined
word
“contacted”
mean
in
the
passage?
A．Lost
touch
with.
B．Made
friends
with.
C．Got
in
touch
with.
D．Was
concerned
about.
答案：C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“learnt
from
them”判断，该词的意思是“取得联系”。故选C。
11．From
the
passage
we
can
infer
that
________.
A．the
author
was
busy
meeting
visitors
every
day
B．there
was
lots
of
traffic
in
his
city
C．the
author's
grammar
was
poor
at
school
D．the
author
opened
a
website
himself
答案：D 推理判断题。根据最后三段的内容可知，作者曾向他人学习如何获得可观的网站流量；最后还告诉读者你的语法和拼写并不影响网站流量。由此可推断，作者有自己的网站。故选D。
【词汇积累】 ①average
adj.
普通的；一般的 ②unique
adj.
独特的；罕见的 ③decent
adj.
相当不错的；尚好的
【长难句分析】 Truthfully
I
don't
know
if
they
expected
me
to
start
getting
decent
traffic
to
websites
but
I
imagined
they
did
so
they
might
as
well
have.
老实说，我不知道他们是否希望我开始获得网站的流量，但我想象他们是希望的，他们也可能已经这么希望了。
分析：此句为并列句。but连接两个并列句，前一分句中I
don't
know是主句；if
they
expected
me
to
start
getting
decent
traffic
to
websites是宾语从句；后一分句中but
I
imagined
they
did
so
they
might
as
well
have中又是一个由so连接的并列句，其中they
did是imagined的宾语从句。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2020·湖北省孝感市第一中学高三月考)Eating
soil
can
produce
more
effective
results
__1__
(compare)
to
eating
slimming
pills,
claimed
researchers
from
an
Australian
university.
ChinaPress
__2__
(report)
that
researchers
from
the
University
of
South
Australia
were
looking
for
a
way
to
improve
the
body's
absorption
towards
medication
to
prevent
mental
illness.
They
__3__
(accident)
found
out
that
soil
does
not
only
attract
fat,
it
could
also
stop
fat
from
being
absorbed
into
the
body
and
round
__4__
digestive
system.
Meanwhile,
other
researchers
carried
out
an
experiment
by
__5__
(separate)
mice
into
two
groups—one
group
__6__
(give)
slimming
pills
and
the
other
group
with
soil.
After
two
weeks,
the
weight
of
the
mice
__7__
ate
soil
decreased
obviously.
This
was
the
basis
for
claims
that
eating
soil
might
make
it
__8__
(easy)
for
the
body
to
excrete
(排泄)
fat
than
taking
slimming
pills.
However,
they
__9__
(test)
to
see
if
eating
soil
is
safe
for
the
body
__10__
if
it
could
cause
any
side
effects
in
the
past
few
months.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了吃土的减肥效果可能比吃减肥药的效果好，并给出了得出该结论的过程。
1．compared 考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚的一个研究团队声称，吃土可能比吃减肥药的效果还好。分析句子可知，compare与“eating
soil”属于逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式compared。
2．reported 考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，本句缺谓语，与其主语“ChinaPress”为主谓关系，陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时reported。
3．accidentally 考查词性转换。修饰动词find用副词，故用accidentally。
4．the 考查冠词。消化系统为特指，故用定冠词the。
5．separating 考查非谓语动词。by为介词，后接动词－ing形式，故用separating。
6．was/were
given 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，本句缺谓语，give与group之间为动宾关系，group既可以作单数，故用was
given；也可以表示一组老鼠，故也可用复数形式were
given。
7．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，“ate
soil”作限制性定语从句修饰先行词mice，从句缺主语，故用关系代词which或者that。
8．easier 考查形容词的比较级。本句为“make
it＋形容词”结构，
根据后文的than可知，本句为比较级结构，故用比较级形式easier。
9．have
been
testing 考查动词的时态。分析本句的“in
the
past
few
months”可知，研究人员过去几个月都在做此事，且test与其主语they之间为主谓关系，故用现在完成进行时have
been
testing。
10．or 考查连词。分析句子可知，前后句为选择关系，故用连词or。
PAGE
