中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section
4 单元素养升格
Ⅰ.完形填空
My
previous
home
had
a
stand
of
woods
behind
it
and
many
animals
in
the
backyard.
That
first
year,
I
__1__
feeding
peanuts
to
the
blue
jays,
then
the
squirrels.
The
squirrels
had
no
__2__
coming
up
right
to
me
for
them.
As
the
months
went
by,
the
rabbits
saw
that
I
was
no
__3__
and
didn't
escape.
When
I
threw
carrot
slices(薄片),
they
even
came
for
a
nibble(啃)．Slowly
they
came
to
__4__
me,
and
by
the
end
of
the
year
they
were
eating
out
of
my
hand.
That
second
year,
the
rabbits
__5__
me,
and
one
would
even
sit
up
for
slices!
While
I
was
feeding
them,
I
__6__
that
a
groundhog
who
used
to
run
away
was
now
taking
an
__7__
interest
in
this
food
situation.
I
carefully
extended
a
long
__8__，
with
a
keen
eye
on
those
teeth,
and
__9__，
there
were
times
I
would
have
the
groundhog
sitting
next
to
a
rabbit,
both
munching(津津有味地咀嚼)
on
carrots.
A
few
months
later,
while
__10__，
she
would
even
turn
her
back
to
me.
__11__
when
she
was
facing
away,
I
reached
out
and
__12__
scratched(搔)
her
back
with
my
finger.
She
didn't
move.
By
year
three,
the
rabbits
and
the
groundhog
were
back.
The
groundhog
__13__
didn't
have
a
problem
with
me
scratching
her
back,
and
I
got
an
idea.
I'd
always
__14__，
while
slicing
up
carrots,
that
the
end
looked
like
a
cap.
__15__
one
day,
just
to
see
what
she
would
do,
I
gently
__16__
one
on
top
of
the
groundhog's
head.
Again,
not
a
__17__.
The
next
time,
I
had
my
camera
ready
to
record
what
you
see
here,
one
of
several
dozen
such
pictures.
__18__
she
had
a
slice
to
eat,
she
never
__19__
the
one
on
her
head.
It
was
a
fair
__20__—I
got
a
pleasure,
and
she
had
yet
another
tasty
treat.
1．A.avoided
B．started
C．canceled
D．suggested
2．A.business
B．fun
C．problem
D．privilege
3．A.help
B．cheat
C．threat
D．exception
4．A.trust
B．miss
C．admire
D．appreciate
5．A.feared
B．ignored
C．discovered
D．remembered
6．A.proved
B．decided
C．noticed
D．understood
7．A.extreme
B．increasing
C．additional
D．inspiring
8．A.squirrel
B．rabbit
C．peanut
D．carrot
9．A.before
long
B．long
ago
C．over
and
over
D．all
over
again
10．A.eating
B．playing
C．sitting
D．sleeping
11．A.Next
B．Once
C．Soon
D．Lately
12．A.carefully
B．suddenly
C．violently
D．patiently
13．A.also
B．thus
C．just
D．still
14．A.thought
B．doubted
C．admitted
D．recognised
15．A.While
B．Or
C．So
D．For
16．A.fixed
B．placed
C．hung
D．kept
17．A.tremble
B．move
C．delay
D．hesitation
18．A.Even
if
B．Ever
since
C．As
far
as
D．So
long
as
19．A.welcomed
B．required
C．bothered
D．expected
20．A.trade
B．competition
C．task
D．affair
Ⅱ.阅读理解
500
dog
owners
played
the
same
games
at
home
that
researchers
use
in
the
laboratory
and
contributed
data
to
a
study
of
what
goes
on
inside
the
minds
of
their
dogs.
In
one
of
the
games,
the
dogs
watched
as
their
owners
hid
food
under
one
of
two
cups.
Then
while
the
dog's
eyes
were
covered,
the
owner
switched
the
food
to
the
other
cup.
And
the
owners
found
that
most
dogs
went
to
where
they
last
saw
the
food.
The
result
has
been
repeated
in
seven
different
research
groups
and
more
than
a
dozen
different
studies.“Most
people
think
dogs
use
their
sense
of
smell
for
everything，”
a
researcher
said.“But
actually
dogs
use
a
whole
range
of
senses
when
solving
problems.”
The
data
were
collected
through
a
website
called
Dognition.
com
that
was
developed
by
Brian
Hare,
an
associate
professor
who
studies
dog
cognition(认知)．
Analysis
of
the
unusually
large
data
set
created
by
Dognition.com
has
also
found
that
all
dogs
have
a
unique
set
of
cognitive(认知的)
skills
that
they
use
to
deal
with
the
world
around
them.
Some
dogs
were
found
to
be
good
communicators,
some
had
better
memories
and
others
were
better
at
taking
their
owners'
perspective.
“Most
people
think
of
intelligence
as
a
glass
that
is
more
or
less
full，”
Hare
said.“But
intelligence
is
more
like
ice
cream.
Everybody
has
different
flavors.
Being
good
at
one
thing
doesn't
mean
you
will
be
good
at
everything
else.”
Hare
said
these
kinds
of
findings
were
only
possible
with
the
big
data
sets
that
citizen
scientists
were
able
to
offer.
“So
much
is
possible
when
you
have
this
much
data，”
Hare
said.“I'm
looking
forward
to
dog
owners
answering
all
the
big
questions
that
have
puzzled
scientists
for
decades.”
1．What
did
most
dogs
use
to
find
the
hidden
food
in
the
test?
A．Memory.
B．Feeling.
C．Ears.
D．Nose.
2．Dog
owners
actively
participated
in
the
research________.
A．to
entertain
themselves
B．to
test
the
IQ
of
their
dogs
C．to
train
their
dogs
to
be
more
intelligent
D．to
help
find
out
dogs'
problem
solving
skills
3．What
can
we
infer
from
what
Hare
said?
A．Intelligence
is
unique
to
man
and
dogs.
B．Dogs
use
the
same
cognitive
skill
to
handle
problems.
C．There
is
still
something
about
dogs
puzzling
scientists.
D．Dogs
use
a
whole
range
of
senses
when
solving
problems.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jack
and
his
wife
Tonya
were
sailing
around
Africa
with
their
friends
Max
and
Sasha.
One
day
they
saw
a
big
fishing
boat.
It
was
moving
fast.
“Hello！”
they
shouted.
The
men
on
the
boat
looked
at
them
angrily.
Max
looked
carefully
at
the
boat.
“Something's
wrong
with
their
fishing
net，”
he
said.
They
got
nearer
to
the
net.
“What's
that？”
said
Tonya.
“There
is
something
in
the
net.
It's
alive.”
Very
slowly
they
moved
nearer.
“I
can
see
it
now，”
said
Tonya.“It's
a
killer_whale—it's
hurt.
There's
blood
in
the
water.
How
can
we
help
it？”
“I
can
see
it
too.
It's
a
baby
but
we
must
be
careful，”
said
Max.
Jack
jumped
into
the
water.“I
can
get
the
net
off
its
fin(鳍)，”
he
said.
Jack
got
the
net
off
the
baby
killer
whale.
There
was
a
big
cut
on
its
fin.
It
swam
away.
Suddenly
there
were
other
killer
whales
near
the
boat.
“Jack！”
Tonya
shouted.“Get
in
quickly.”
Jack
swam
to
the
boat
as
fast
as
a
fish.“I
am
going
to
call
that
baby
killer
whale
Lucky，”he
said.
As
they
moved
away,
it
began
to
rain
harder
and
harder.
Jack
said，“We
must
get
away
from
the
wind.
I
can
see
a
town
over
there.
Let's
go.”
The
town
got
nearer
but
the_waves
got
bigger.
Suddenly
a
very
big
wave
hit
the
boat.
“Is
everyone
OK？”
shouted
Jack.
“Tonya？...She's
not
in
the
boat，”
said
Sasha.“She's
in_the_water.”
They
looked
into
the
cold,
dark
water
for
hours.“Tonya!
Say
something,
Tonya.
Where
are
you？”
shouted
Max.
The_wind
got
stronger
and
the
boat
was
full
of
water.
Another
big
wave
hit
the
boat.
“Jack,
do
you
want
us
all
to
die？”
said
Max.
“We
can't
do
any
more.
Tonya
is
wearing
a
lifejacket(救生衣)
and
she
can
swim
very
well.
Let's
sail
to
the
town.”
Moments
later
the
boat
hit
a
beach.
They
went
out.
Max
and
Sasha
slept
on
the_beach.
Jack
sat
near
the
water,
looking
at
the
sea
and
thinking
about
Tonya.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语。
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1：
At
that
time,
Tonya
was
five
hundred
metres
away
out
in
the
sea._____________________
______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Jack
was
walking
along
the
beach
and
suddenly
he
saw
someone
waving
to
him.______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
HYPERLINK
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section
4 单元素养升格
Ⅰ.完形填空
My
previous
home
had
a
stand
of
woods
behind
it
and
many
animals
in
the
backyard.
That
first
year,
I
__1__
feeding
peanuts
to
the
blue
jays,
then
the
squirrels.
The
squirrels
had
no
__2__
coming
up
right
to
me
for
them.
As
the
months
went
by,
the
rabbits
saw
that
I
was
no
__3__
and
didn't
escape.
When
I
threw
carrot
slices(薄片),
they
even
came
for
a
nibble(啃)．Slowly
they
came
to
__4__
me,
and
by
the
end
of
the
year
they
were
eating
out
of
my
hand.
That
second
year,
the
rabbits
__5__
me,
and
one
would
even
sit
up
for
slices!
While
I
was
feeding
them,
I
__6__
that
a
groundhog
who
used
to
run
away
was
now
taking
an
__7__
interest
in
this
food
situation.
I
carefully
extended
a
long
__8__，
with
a
keen
eye
on
those
teeth,
and
__9__，
there
were
times
I
would
have
the
groundhog
sitting
next
to
a
rabbit,
both
munching(津津有味地咀嚼)
on
carrots.
A
few
months
later,
while
__10__，
she
would
even
turn
her
back
to
me.
__11__
when
she
was
facing
away,
I
reached
out
and
__12__
scratched(搔)
her
back
with
my
finger.
She
didn't
move.
By
year
three,
the
rabbits
and
the
groundhog
were
back.
The
groundhog
__13__
didn't
have
a
problem
with
me
scratching
her
back,
and
I
got
an
idea.
I'd
always
__14__，
while
slicing
up
carrots,
that
the
end
looked
like
a
cap.
__15__
one
day,
just
to
see
what
she
would
do,
I
gently
__16__
one
on
top
of
the
groundhog's
head.
Again,
not
a
__17__.
The
next
time,
I
had
my
camera
ready
to
record
what
you
see
here,
one
of
several
dozen
such
pictures.
__18__
she
had
a
slice
to
eat,
she
never
__19__
the
one
on
her
head.
It
was
a
fair
__20__—I
got
a
pleasure,
and
she
had
yet
another
tasty
treat.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过给动物喂食，和它们慢慢亲近的过程。尤其是土拨鼠一开始很害怕人，先跟着兔子吃作者给的胡萝卜，然后作者搔它的背也不抗拒，最后作者可以放个相机在它头上来记录它的生活。
1．A.avoided
B．started
C．canceled
D．suggested
B 解析：在第一年“我”开始给冠蓝鸦和松鼠喂花生，故选started。avoid避免；cancel取消；suggest建议。
2．A.business
B．fun
C．problem
D．privilege
C 解析：松鼠毫无顾虑地走到“我”跟前来吃花生，故选problem。business生意；fun乐趣；privilege特权。
3．A.help
B．cheat
C．threat
D．exception
C 解析：从didn't
escape可以得知兔子认为“我”没有威胁，故选threat。help帮助；cheat欺骗，作弊；exception例外。
4．A.trust
B．miss
C．admire
D．appreciate
A 解析：由下文they
were
eating
out
of
my
hand可知它们开始信任“我”了，故选trust。miss错过，想念；admire崇拜；appreciate欣赏，感谢。
5．A.feared
B．ignored
C．discovered
D．remembered
D 解析：由下文and
one
would
even
sit
up
for
slices可以得知第二年兔子记住“我”了，故选remembered。fear害怕；ignore忽略；discover发现。
6．A.proved
B．decided
C．noticed
D．understood
C 解析：“我”在喂兔子的时候，注意到一只土拨鼠……。故选noticed。
7．A.extreme
B．increasing
C．additional
D．inspiring
B 解析：由该句中a
groundhog
who
used
to
run
away
was
now...可知有一只土拨鼠之前都是跑开，而现在对这种喂食状况越来越感兴趣，故选increasing。extreme极度的；additional额外的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。
8．A.squirrel
B．rabbit
C．peanut
D．carrot
D 解析：由下文both
munching(津津有味地咀嚼)
on
carrots可知“我”给土拨鼠喂的是胡萝卜。
9．A.before
long
B．long
ago
C．over
and
over
D．all
over
again
A 解析：“我”把胡萝卜给它，不久之后，它就和兔子坐在一起吃胡萝卜了，故选before
long。
10．A.eating
B．playing
C．sitting
D．sleeping
A 解析：当土拨鼠在吃胡萝卜的时候，它甚至会背对着“我”，故选eating。
11．A.Next
B．Once
C．Soon
D．Lately
B 解析：曾经当它没有面对“我”的时候，“我”小心地用手指搔它的背，它没有动。这里描述的是一次经历，故选once。
12．A.carefully
B．suddenly
C．violently
D．patiently
A 解析：由第二段第二句可知之前土拨鼠看到人都会跑开，所以“我”小心翼翼地搔它的背，生怕吓到它，故选carefully。suddenly突然；violently猛烈地；激烈地；patiently耐心地。
13．A.also
B．thus
C．just
D．still
D 解析：由第二段最后两句可知第二年土拨鼠已经不害怕“我”。到了第三年它再回来的时候依然也不害怕，故选still。
14．A.thought
B．doubted
C．admitted
D．recognised
A 解析：当“我”把胡萝卜切成片的时候，“我”常认为它的末端像顶帽子。故选thought。doubt怀疑；admit承认；recognise辨认出。
15．A.While
B．Or
C．So
D．For
C 解析：所以“我”想要看看把胡萝卜的末端放在土拨鼠头上，它会有什么反应。故选C。
16．A.fixed
B．placed
C．hung
D．kept
B 解析：“我”轻轻地把一个放在它的头上，故选placed。fix使固定；hang悬挂；keep保持。
17．A.tremble
B．move
C．delay
D．hesitation
B 解析：这句话中again提示该句与第二段的最后一句对应，即这一次，它也没有动，故用move。tremble颤抖；delay延误；hesitation犹豫。
18．A.Even
if
B．Ever
since
C．As
far
as
D．So
long
as
D 解析：只要它有胡萝卜吃就不会去理会头上的东西。so
long
as只要；even
if即使；ever
since从那以后；as
far
as远到。
19．A.welcomed
B．required
C．bothered
D．expected
C 解析：土拨鼠在吃东西时不关心头上的东西。
20．A.trade
B．competition
C．task
D．affair
A 解析：由后面的I
got
a
pleasure,
and
she
had
yet
another
tasty
treat可知这是公平的交易。trade交易；competition竞赛；task任务；affair事务。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
500
dog
owners
played
the
same
games
at
home
that
researchers
use
in
the
laboratory
and
contributed
data
to
a
study
of
what
goes
on
inside
the
minds
of
their
dogs.
In
one
of
the
games,
the
dogs
watched
as
their
owners
hid
food
under
one
of
two
cups.
Then
while
the
dog's
eyes
were
covered,
the
owner
switched
the
food
to
the
other
cup.
And
the
owners
found
that
most
dogs
went
to
where
they
last
saw
the
food.
The
result
has
been
repeated
in
seven
different
research
groups
and
more
than
a
dozen
different
studies.“Most
people
think
dogs
use
their
sense
of
smell
for
everything，”
a
researcher
said.“But
actually
dogs
use
a
whole
range
of
senses
when
solving
problems.”
The
data
were
collected
through
a
website
called
Dognition.
com
that
was
developed
by
Brian
Hare,
an
associate
professor
who
studies
dog
cognition(认知)．
Analysis
of
the
unusually
large
data
set
created
by
Dognition.com
has
also
found
that
all
dogs
have
a
unique
set
of
cognitive(认知的)
skills
that
they
use
to
deal
with
the
world
around
them.
Some
dogs
were
found
to
be
good
communicators,
some
had
better
memories
and
others
were
better
at
taking
their
owners'
perspective.
“Most
people
think
of
intelligence
as
a
glass
that
is
more
or
less
full，”
Hare
said.“But
intelligence
is
more
like
ice
cream.
Everybody
has
different
flavors.
Being
good
at
one
thing
doesn't
mean
you
will
be
good
at
everything
else.”
Hare
said
these
kinds
of
findings
were
only
possible
with
the
big
data
sets
that
citizen
scientists
were
able
to
offer.
“So
much
is
possible
when
you
have
this
much
data，”
Hare
said.“I'm
looking
forward
to
dog
owners
answering
all
the
big
questions
that
have
puzzled
scientists
for
decades.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了弄清狗解决问题的方法，500名养狗人参与了一项研究。
1．What
did
most
dogs
use
to
find
the
hidden
food
in
the
test?
A．Memory.
B．Feeling.
C．Ears.
D．Nose.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“...most
dogs
went
to
where
they
last
saw
the
food”可推知在实验中狗是利用记忆力来寻找被藏起来的食物，故答案为A项。
2．Dog
owners
actively
participated
in
the
research________.
A．to
entertain
themselves
B．to
test
the
IQ
of
their
dogs
C．to
train
their
dogs
to
be
more
intelligent
D．to
help
find
out
dogs'
problem
solving
skills
D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一句可推知许多养狗人士积极参与这项研究是为了帮助弄清狗解决问题的技能，故答案为D项。
3．What
can
we
infer
from
what
Hare
said?
A．Intelligence
is
unique
to
man
and
dogs.
B．Dogs
use
the
same
cognitive
skill
to
handle
problems.
C．There
is
still
something
about
dogs
puzzling
scientists.
D．Dogs
use
a
whole
range
of
senses
when
solving
problems.
C 解析：推理判断题。A项文中并未提及；根据第五段可知，所有的狗在解决它们周围的问题时都有自己独特的认知技巧，故排除B项；根据文章最后一句可知还有一些有关狗的问题一直困惑着科学家们，故答案为C项；第三段最后一句“But
actually
dogs
use
a
whole
range
of
senses
when
solving
problems.”与D项相符，但与题干中的“...from
what
Hare
said”不符，故被排除。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Jack
and
his
wife
Tonya
were
sailing
around
Africa
with
their
friends
Max
and
Sasha.
One
day
they
saw
a
big
fishing
boat.
It
was
moving
fast.
“Hello！”
they
shouted.
The
men
on
the
boat
looked
at
them
angrily.
Max
looked
carefully
at
the
boat.
“Something's
wrong
with
their
fishing
net，”
he
said.
They
got
nearer
to
the
net.
“What's
that？”
said
Tonya.
“There
is
something
in
the
net.
It's
alive.”
Very
slowly
they
moved
nearer.
“I
can
see
it
now，”
said
Tonya.“It's
a
killer_whale—it's
hurt.
There's
blood
in
the
water.
How
can
we
help
it？”
“I
can
see
it
too.
It's
a
baby
but
we
must
be
careful，”
said
Max.
Jack
jumped
into
the
water.“I
can
get
the
net
off
its
fin(鳍)，”
he
said.
Jack
got
the
net
off
the
baby
killer
whale.
There
was
a
big
cut
on
its
fin.
It
swam
away.
Suddenly
there
were
other
killer
whales
near
the
boat.
“Jack！”
Tonya
shouted.“Get
in
quickly.”
Jack
swam
to
the
boat
as
fast
as
a
fish.“I
am
going
to
call
that
baby
killer
whale
Lucky，”he
said.
As
they
moved
away,
it
began
to
rain
harder
and
harder.
Jack
said，“We
must
get
away
from
the
wind.
I
can
see
a
town
over
there.
Let's
go.”
The
town
got
nearer
but
the_waves
got
bigger.
Suddenly
a
very
big
wave
hit
the
boat.
“Is
everyone
OK？”
shouted
Jack.
“Tonya？...She's
not
in
the
boat，”
said
Sasha.“She's
in_the_water.”
They
looked
into
the
cold,
dark
water
for
hours.“Tonya!
Say
something,
Tonya.
Where
are
you？”
shouted
Max.
The_wind
got
stronger
and
the
boat
was
full
of
water.
Another
big
wave
hit
the
boat.
“Jack,
do
you
want
us
all
to
die？”
said
Max.
“We
can't
do
any
more.
Tonya
is
wearing
a
lifejacket(救生衣)
and
she
can
swim
very
well.
Let's
sail
to
the
town.”
Moments
later
the
boat
hit
a
beach.
They
went
out.
Max
and
Sasha
slept
on
the_beach.
Jack
sat
near
the
water,
looking
at
the
sea
and
thinking
about
Tonya.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右。
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语。
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph
1：
At
that
time,
Tonya
was
five
hundred
metres
away
out
in
the
sea._____________________
______________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Jack
was
walking
along
the
beach
and
suddenly
he
saw
someone
waving
to
him.______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
Paragraph
1：
At
that
time,
Tonya
was
five
hundred
meters
away
out
in
the
sea.
Surrounded
by
the
cold
water,
she
was
so
frightened
that
she
forgot
swimming
was
a
strong
point
of
hers.
Her
mind
was
completely
blank.
She
just
shouted
crazily
for
help.
However,
the
only
answer
was
the
sound
made
by
the_waves
hitting
the
sea.
Tonya
fell
into
desperation
gradually.
Suddenly,
Tonya
found
herself
rising
out
of
the
sea.
Surprisingly,
she
was
on
the
back
of
a
big
killer
whale
and
there
were
some
killer
whales
around
her.
Among
them,
Tonya
saw
a
small
one,
which
was
saved
by
Jack
a
few
moments
ago—Lucky.
They
set
off
to
catch
the
boat.
Paragraph
2：
Jack
was
walking
along
the
beach
and
suddenly
he
saw
someone
waving
to
him.
When
they
came
closer,
he
found
that
Tonya
was
sitting
on
the
back
of
a
killer_whale
and
she
was
safe!
As
soon
as
Tonya
set
foot
on
the
beach,
Jack
ran
towards
her
and
hugged
her
tightly.
Tonya
smiled，“Don't
worry.
I'm
fine.
I
think
we
should
thank
the
killer
whales
who
saved
my
life.
Look,
the
small
one
is
Lucky,
who
you
rescued！”
Jack
walked
towards
Lucky,
stroked
its
fin,
saying
sincerely，“Thank
you,
Lucky！”
Lucky
shook
its
fin
as
if
they
were
good
friends.
Then
the
crowd
of
killer
whales
swam
away
into
the
vast
sea
in
the
sunset.
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