中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Section
3 Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They
__rented__(租)
an
apartment
near
the
beach.
2．It
is
said
that
yoga
is
of
great
__benefit__(好处)
to
human
health.
3．Some
__experts__(专家)
think
that
language
learning
is
easy
for
children,
but
they
are
absolutely
wrong.
4．According
to
a
survey
__published__(出版)
by
an
American
university,
the
ten
fastest
growing
jobs
will
be
related
to
computers
and
health.
5．Welcome
to
England,
and
I
hope
your
visit
here
will
be
a
__pleasant__(令人愉快的)
one.
6．Jack
often
takes
exercise,
such
as
going
cycling,
so
he
is
full
of
__energy__(活力)．
7．The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
__reflection__(影子)
in
the
mirror.
8．It
is
__estimated__(估计)
that
the
project
will
last
four
years.
9．They
shouldn't
be
__allowed__(允许)
to
get
away
with
it.
10．We
are
in
__competition__(竞争)
with
four
other
companies
for
the
contract(合同)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Would
you
like
to
have
your
writing
__published__(publish)
in
this
magazine?
2．Tom
as
well
as
his
parents
__is__(be)
going
to
Beijing
next
week.
3．Norway
is
at
the
top
of
the
list,
__while__
the
US
is
at
number
7.
4．Much
time
spent
__sitting__(sit)
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
5．Last
night,
there
were
millions
of
people
__watching__(watch)
the
opening
ceremony
live
on
TV.
6．She
was
__a__
great
beauty
in
her
youth.
7．There
is
no
doubt
__that__
we'll
finish
the
task
ahead
of
time.
8．It
is
said
that
swimming
is
__of__
great
benefit
to
our
health.
9．I
believe
there's
nothing
__more__
pleasant
than
reading.
10．With
house
prices
__going__(go)
up,
more
and
more
people
find
it
difficult
to
buy
a
house.
Ⅲ.选词填空
spend...in...；be
good
for；a
variety
of；
have
a
positive
effect
on；
make
use
of；
reflect
on；be
likely
to
do；
be
allowed
to
do
1．We
can
__make_use_of__
our
natural
resources
in
a
better
way.
2．Getting
close
to
nature
__is_good_for__
our
physical
and
mental
health.
3．They
__spent__
a
great
deal
of
time
__in__
using
cell
phones
which
harmed
their
eyes.
4．We
grow
__a_variety_of__
vegetables,
such
as
potatoes,
tomatoes
and
cabbages.
5．New
teaching
methods
__have_a_positive_effect_on__
improving
the
teaching
standard.
6．Before
I
decide,
I
need
time
to
__reflect_on__
its
effect
on
others
and
myself.
7．He
__is_likely_to__
fail
the
exam
this
time,
because
he
has
no
time
to
prepare.
8．No
one
__is_allowed_to__
smoke
in
the
library
in
this
city.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Our
house,
__located_in__
the
south
of
the
lake,
has
beautiful
environment.
我们的房子在湖的南面，环境优美。
2．__Divided_into__
five
groups
you
can
find
more
methods
to
solve
the
problem.
你们可以分成五个小组，找到更多的解决那个问题的方法。
3．He
says
some
Apps
also
__make_it_easier_for_students_to_know__
their
language
strengths
and
weaknesses.
他说，一些应用程序也让学生更容易了解他们的语言优点和缺点。
4．There
are
46
students
in
my
class,
most
of
them
__making_friends__with_me__.
我的班里有46名学生，绝大多数都与我交了朋友。
5．There's
__nothing_better_than__
reading
books
to
enrich
ourselves.
没有什么比读书充实自己能让自己高兴起来的了。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020·浙江桐乡高级中学二模)Would
it
surprise
you
to
learn
that,
like
animals,
trees
communicate
with
each
other
and
pass
on
their
wealth
to
the
next
generation?
UBC
Professor
Simard
explains
how
trees
are
much
more
complex
than
most
of
us
ever
imagined.
Although
Charles
Darwin
thought
that
trees
are
competing
for
survival
of
the
fittest,
Simard
shows
just
how
wrong
he
was.
In
fact,
the
opposite
is
true:
trees
survive
through
their
co?operation
and
support,
passing
around
necessary
nutrition
“depending
on
who
needs
it”．
Nitrogen(氮)
and
carbon
are
shared
through
miles
of
underground
fungi(真菌)
network,
making
sure
that
all
trees
in
the
forest
ecological
system
give
and
receive
just
the
right
amount
to
keep
them
all
healthy.
This
hidden
system
works
in
a
very
similar
way
to
the
networks
of
neurons(神经元)
in
our
brains,
and
when
one
tree
is
destroyed,
it
affects
all.
Simard
talks
about“mother
trees”，
usually
the
largest
and
oldest
plants
on
which
all
other
trees
depend.
She
explains
how
dying
trees
pass
on
the
wealth
to
the
next
generation,
transporting
important
minerals
to
young
trees
so
they
may
continue
to
grow.
When
humans
cut
down“mother
trees”
with
no
awareness
of
these
highly
complex
“tree
societies”
or
the
networks
on
which
they
feed,
we
are
reducing
the
chances
of
survival
for
the
entire
forest.
“We
didn't
take
any
notice
of
it，”
Simard
says
sadly.“Dying
trees
move
nutrition
into
the
young
trees
before
dying,
but
we
never
give
them
a
chance.”
If
we
could
put
across
the
message
to
the
forestry
industry,
we
could
make
a
huge
difference
towards
our
environmental
protection
efforts
for
the
future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，而是相互依赖的互助关系。快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好地成长。如果人们知道这些现象，就可以更好地保护这些树。
1．The
underlined
word
“it”
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to
________.
A．how
trees
grow
old
B．how
“tree
societies”
work
C．how
forestry
industry
develops
D．how
young
trees
survive
B 解析：代词指代题。画线词出现在第五段段首，所以应该到上一段段末寻找it所指代的内容。上一段最后一句指出，砍掉“母亲树”会影响整片森林的生存状况，由此可推断出，it指的是“树的社会”是如何运转的。故答案选B。
2．We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________.
A．“mother
trees”
are
usually
of
no
use
to
other
trees
B．Charles
Darwin
had
the
same
thought
as
Simard
C．people
know
much
about
the
complex
“tree
societies”
D．if
“mother
trees”
are
cut
down,
the
survival
for
the
entire
forest
will
be
affected
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第三句“When
humans
cut
down
‘mother
trees’
with
no
awareness
of
these
highly
complex
‘tree
societies’
or
the
networks
on
which
they
feed,
we
are
reducing
the
chances
of
survival
for
the
entire
forest.”可推断出，砍掉“母亲树”会影响整片森林的生存状况。故答案选D。
3．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Old
Trees
Communicate
Like
Humans
B．Young
Trees
Are
in
Need
of
Protection
C．Trees
Are
More
Complex
Than
You
Think
D．Trees
Contribute
to
Our
Society
C 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段和第二段第一句并结合全文内容可知，文章介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，而是相互依赖的互助关系。快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好地成长，所以树木比我们想象的更复杂。故答案选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
Bamboo(竹子)
is
one
of
the
nature's
most
surprising
plants.
__1__
Like
other
kinds
of
grass,
a
bamboo
plant
may
be
cut
very
low
to
the
ground,
but
it
will
grow
back
very
quickly.
A
Japanese
scientist
recorded
one
bamboo
plant
that
grew
almost
1.5
meters
in
24
hours!
__2__
There
are
more
than
1,000
kinds
of
bamboo
that
grow
around
the
world
on
both
mountains
and
plains.
__3__
Some
bamboo
plants
are
very
thin.
They
may
only
grow
to
be
a
few
centimeters
wide
while
others
may
grow
to
more
than
30
centimeters
across.
This
plant
also
comes
in
different
colors,
from
yellow
to
black
to
green.
Many
Asian
countries
have
been
using
bamboo
for
hundreds
of
years.
__4__
As
a
matter
of
fact,
the
cables
that
hold
up
the
hanging
bridge
across
the
Min
River
in
Sichuan
are
made
of
bamboo.
The
bridge
has
been
in
use
for
more
than
1,000
years,
and
is
still
holding
strong.
In
Africa,
engineers
are
teaching
poor
farmers
how
to
find
water
using
bamboo.
These
African
countries
need
cheap
ways
to
find
water
because
they
have
no
money,
and
their
fields
often
die
from
no
rain
and
no
water.
__5__
Bamboo
pipes
and
drills(钻)
can
help
to
make
the
poor
thirsty
fields
to
be
watered.
A．Not
all
bamboo
looks
the
same.
B．It
grows
quickly
after
it
is
cut
short.
C．They
often
use
bamboo
for
building
new
buildings.
D．Cables
made
of
bamboo
can
last
for
over
a
thousand
years.
E．It
seems
that
bamboo
is
one
of
the
best
things
they
can
use.
F．Many
people
call
this
plant
a
tree,
but
it
is
a
kind
of
grass.
G．Bamboo
grows
almost
everywhere
in
the
world
except
Europe.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。很多人认为竹子是树，其实它是一种草。阅读本文，你将了解竹子的习性以及广泛的用途。
1．F 解析：由下文中Like
other
kinds
of
grass可知F项(很多人把竹子称为树，其实它是一种草。)符合文意。此句起到引起下文的作用。
2．G 解析：由下句1
000多种竹子生长在世界各地的山区和平原上可知，此处介绍竹子的产地，故选G项(除了欧洲，竹子几乎生长在世界各个地方。)。
3．A 解析：本段主要描述竹子的粗细不同，颜色也不同，故A项符合文意。
4．C 解析：本段主要介绍了竹子的用途。由上句可知，很多亚洲国家已经使用竹子几百年了，故C项(他们经常使用竹子建造新房子。)符合文意，紧承上文。
5．E 解析：由本段的描述可知，非洲人使用竹子找水，主要是因为他们没钱，所以竹子是他们能够使用的最好的东西之一，故E项符合文意。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Could
you
go
out
to
the
yard
and
see
trees
growing
in
place
for
five
or
more
years
still
1.__receiving__(receive)
only
the
water
provided
by
a
couple
of
drip
emitters
close
to
the
trunk?
It
is
more
than
likely
2.__that__
the
tree
needs
more
water
than
it
is
receiving,
which
can
3.__obviously__(obvious)
be
a
source
of
some
major
problems.
The
first
4.__indication__(indicate)
of
water
shortfall
is
that
the
leaves,
whether
they
are
on
a
tree,
or
a
tomato,
will
become
brown.
5.__Sadly/Unluckily/Unfortunately__，
that
is
not
the
only
symptom;
water
shortage
can
look
like
any
number
of
6.__problems__
(problem).
Sometimes
leaves
are
not
brown
and
dry,
7.__but__
rather
have
parts
of
dead
tissue.
The
plant
might
be
growing
very
slowly.
How
does
one
check
for
watering
problems?
Take
8.__a__
look
at
the
irrigation
system.
Are
there
enough
emitters?
One
or
two
gallons
per
day
will
not
support
a
mature
tree
in
dry
soil.
Even
a
young
one
may
need
a
little
more
than
that.
Water
need
depends
on
the
trunk
diameter
as
9.__well__(good)
as
the
variety.
A
mature
cottonwood,
for
instance,
can
transpire
over
100
gallons
every
day.
Usually
the
tree's
root
system
will
extend
through
a
wide
area,
but
roots
cannot
grow
10.__in__
dry
soil.
语篇解读：随着人口的增加、气候变暖，地球上的水资源在减少，植物所能享用的水资源也就越来越少，如何来判断植物是否缺水呢？
1．receiving 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处receiving...作宾补，与其逻辑主语trees之间是主动关系。
2．that 解析：考查主语从句的引导词。It's
likely
that...表示“……是可能的”，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。
3．obviously 解析：考查副词。此处需用副词作状语。
4．indication 解析：考查名词。后面被of短语修饰，因此需用名词形式。
5．Sadly/Unluckily/Unfortunately 解析：考查副词。语境中说明了树木等缺水叶子变黄并非是唯一的症状，因此这是不好的事情，故用Sadly/Unluckily/Unfortunately。
6．problems 解析：考查名词。a
number
of/any
number
of修饰可数名词复数。
7．but 解析：考查连词。此处与前面的not一起构成not...but...的结构。
8．a 解析：考查冠词。take
a
look
at表示“看一看”，为固定搭配。
9．well 解析：考查副词。此处表达“水的需要取决于树干的直径和种类”，as
well
as意为“不但……而且”，连接两个并列宾语。
10．in 解析：考查介词。上文的One
or
two
gallons
per
day
will
not
support
a
mature
tree
in
dry
soil.已经给出了提示。
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In
fact,
great
white
sharks
are
not
white.
The
name
is
thought
to
have
come
about
because
these
sharks
are
white
in
one
circumstance
when
they
are
lying
dead
on
the
deck
of
a
boat.
It
would
be
more
proper
to
call
this
species
the
“black
shark”.
They
have
a
dark
upper
surface,
which
means
their
prey(猎物)
are
difficult
to
spot
them
approaching
from
the
dark
depths.
Speaking
of
prey,
they
have
been
recorded
dining
out
on
a
wide
range
of
species,
including
whales,
squid(鱿鱼),
turtles
and
occasionally
penguins.
“If
you
make
a
list
of
everything
that's
been
found
in
a
white
shark's
stomach,
you'd
get
a
variety
of
things，”
says
marine
biologist
George
Burgess
of
the
University
of
Florida
in
Gainesville.
But
what's
clear
is
that
their
tastes
change
as
they
age.
“They
are
almost
just
fish?eaters
until
they
are
7,8,9
feet
long，”
says
Burgess.“As
they
get
bigger,
they
will
begin
to
start
eating
mammal
prey
if
they
get
the
opportunity.”
These
older
sharks
prefer
seals,
sea
lions
and
walruses.
When
they
strike
from
below,
at
speed,
white
sharks
can
clear
the
surface
by
as
much
as
3
m.
To
locate
their
prey,
white
sharks
use
almost
every
trick
in
the
book.
“They
have
a
series
of
senses，”
says
Burgess.
In
a
1963
study,
researchers
hung
a
speaker
over
the
edge
of
their
boat
off
Miami
to
see
if
they
could
attract
sharks
with
sound.
No
great
white
sharks
were
spotted
in
this
study,
but
it's
reasonable
to
assume
they
have
good
hearing
too.
As
a
great
white
shark
gets
closer
to
its
prey,
its
sense
of
smell
begins
to
kick
in.
A
study
of
the
brains
of
different
species
of
sharks
shows
that
the
great
white's
olfactory
bulb(嗅球)
is
especially
large.
Their
vision
is
not
bad,
either.“They
see
particularly
well，”says
Burgess.
They
also
have
two
less
familiar
senses.
Their
lateral
lines,
which
run
along
their
sides,
can
detect
changes
in
water
pressure
that
reveal
their
prey's
movements.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
One
possible
version：
The
passage
introduces
something
about
white
sharks,
such
as
the
origin
of
the
name
and
how
they
get
their
prey.(要点1)
When
they
are
lying
dead
on
the
deck
of
a
boat,
they
are
white,
but
they
have
a
dark
upper
surface.(要点2)
What
they
eat
are
various,
including
a
wide
range
of
species.
When
they
are
small
they
eat
fish.
As
they
become
bigger,
they
eat
mammal
prey.(要点3)Their
senses
such
as
hearing,
smell
and
vision
are
good.(要点4)
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Section
3 Developing
ideas
&
Presenting
ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．They
__
__(租)
an
apartment
near
the
beach.
2．It
is
said
that
yoga
is
of
great
__
__(好处)
to
human
health.
3．Some
__
__(专家)
think
that
language
learning
is
easy
for
children,
but
they
are
absolutely
wrong.
4．According
to
a
survey
__
__(出版)
by
an
American
university,
the
ten
fastest
growing
jobs
will
be
related
to
computers
and
health.
5．Welcome
to
England,
and
I
hope
your
visit
here
will
be
a
__
__(令人愉快的)
one.
6．Jack
often
takes
exercise,
such
as
going
cycling,
so
he
is
full
of
__
__(活力)．
7．The
cat
felt
curious
when
she
saw
her
own
__
__(影子)
in
the
mirror.
8．It
is
__
__(估计)
that
the
project
will
last
four
years.
9．They
shouldn't
be
__
__(允许)
to
get
away
with
it.
10．We
are
in
__
__(竞争)
with
four
other
companies
for
the
contract(合同)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Would
you
like
to
have
your
writing
__
__(publish)
in
this
magazine?
2．Tom
as
well
as
his
parents
__
__(be)
going
to
Beijing
next
week.
3．Norway
is
at
the
top
of
the
list,
__
__
the
US
is
at
number
7.
4．Much
time
spent
__
__(sit)
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
5．Last
night,
there
were
millions
of
people
__
__(watch)
the
opening
ceremony
live
on
TV.
6．She
was
__
_
great
beauty
in
her
youth.
7．There
is
no
doubt
__
_
we'll
finish
the
task
ahead
of
time.
8．It
is
said
that
swimming
is
_
__
great
benefit
to
our
health.
9．I
believe
there's
nothing
__
__
pleasant
than
reading.
10．With
house
prices
__
__(go)
up,
more
and
more
people
find
it
difficult
to
buy
a
house.
Ⅲ.选词填空
spend...in...；be
good
for；a
variety
of；
have
a
positive
effect
on；
make
use
of；
reflect
on；be
likely
to
do；
be
allowed
to
do
1．We
can
__
__
our
natural
resources
in
a
better
way.
2．Getting
close
to
nature
__
__
our
physical
and
mental
health.
3．They
__
__
a
great
deal
of
time
__
__
using
cell
phones
which
harmed
their
eyes.
4．We
grow
__
__
vegetables,
such
as
potatoes,
tomatoes
and
cabbages.
5．New
teaching
methods
__
__
improving
the
teaching
standard.
6．Before
I
decide,
I
need
time
to
__
__
its
effect
on
others
and
myself.
7．He
__
__
fail
the
exam
this
time,
because
he
has
no
time
to
prepare.
8．No
one
__
__
smoke
in
the
library
in
this
city.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Our
house,
__
__
the
south
of
the
lake,
has
beautiful
environment.
我们的房子在湖的南面，环境优美。
2．__
__
five
groups
you
can
find
more
methods
to
solve
the
problem.
你们可以分成五个小组，找到更多的解决那个问题的方法。
3．He
says
some
Apps
also
__
__
their
language
strengths
and
weaknesses.
他说，一些应用程序也让学生更容易了解他们的语言优点和缺点。
4．There
are
46
students
in
my
class,
most
of
them
__
__.
我的班里有46名学生，绝大多数都与我交了朋友。
5．There's
__
__
reading
books
to
enrich
ourselves.
没有什么比读书充实自己能让自己高兴起来的了。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2020·浙江桐乡高级中学二模)Would
it
surprise
you
to
learn
that,
like
animals,
trees
communicate
with
each
other
and
pass
on
their
wealth
to
the
next
generation?
UBC
Professor
Simard
explains
how
trees
are
much
more
complex
than
most
of
us
ever
imagined.
Although
Charles
Darwin
thought
that
trees
are
competing
for
survival
of
the
fittest,
Simard
shows
just
how
wrong
he
was.
In
fact,
the
opposite
is
true:
trees
survive
through
their
co?operation
and
support,
passing
around
necessary
nutrition
“depending
on
who
needs
it”．
Nitrogen(氮)
and
carbon
are
shared
through
miles
of
underground
fungi(真菌)
network,
making
sure
that
all
trees
in
the
forest
ecological
system
give
and
receive
just
the
right
amount
to
keep
them
all
healthy.
This
hidden
system
works
in
a
very
similar
way
to
the
networks
of
neurons(神经元)
in
our
brains,
and
when
one
tree
is
destroyed,
it
affects
all.
Simard
talks
about“mother
trees”，
usually
the
largest
and
oldest
plants
on
which
all
other
trees
depend.
She
explains
how
dying
trees
pass
on
the
wealth
to
the
next
generation,
transporting
important
minerals
to
young
trees
so
they
may
continue
to
grow.
When
humans
cut
down“mother
trees”
with
no
awareness
of
these
highly
complex
“tree
societies”
or
the
networks
on
which
they
feed,
we
are
reducing
the
chances
of
survival
for
the
entire
forest.
“We
didn't
take
any
notice
of
it，”
Simard
says
sadly.“Dying
trees
move
nutrition
into
the
young
trees
before
dying,
but
we
never
give
them
a
chance.”
If
we
could
put
across
the
message
to
the
forestry
industry,
we
could
make
a
huge
difference
towards
our
environmental
protection
efforts
for
the
future.
1．The
underlined
word
“it”
in
the
last
paragraph
refers
to
________.
A．how
trees
grow
old
B．how
“tree
societies”
work
C．how
forestry
industry
develops
D．how
young
trees
survive
2．We
can
learn
from
the
passage
that
________.
A．“mother
trees”
are
usually
of
no
use
to
other
trees
B．Charles
Darwin
had
the
same
thought
as
Simard
C．people
know
much
about
the
complex
“tree
societies”
D．if
“mother
trees”
are
cut
down,
the
survival
for
the
entire
forest
will
be
affected
3．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Old
Trees
Communicate
Like
Humans
B．Young
Trees
Are
in
Need
of
Protection
C．Trees
Are
More
Complex
Than
You
Think
D．Trees
Contribute
to
Our
Society
Ⅱ.七选五
Bamboo(竹子)
is
one
of
the
nature's
most
surprising
plants.
__1__
Like
other
kinds
of
grass,
a
bamboo
plant
may
be
cut
very
low
to
the
ground,
but
it
will
grow
back
very
quickly.
A
Japanese
scientist
recorded
one
bamboo
plant
that
grew
almost
1.5
meters
in
24
hours!
__2__
There
are
more
than
1,000
kinds
of
bamboo
that
grow
around
the
world
on
both
mountains
and
plains.
__3__
Some
bamboo
plants
are
very
thin.
They
may
only
grow
to
be
a
few
centimeters
wide
while
others
may
grow
to
more
than
30
centimeters
across.
This
plant
also
comes
in
different
colors,
from
yellow
to
black
to
green.
Many
Asian
countries
have
been
using
bamboo
for
hundreds
of
years.
__4__
As
a
matter
of
fact,
the
cables
that
hold
up
the
hanging
bridge
across
the
Min
River
in
Sichuan
are
made
of
bamboo.
The
bridge
has
been
in
use
for
more
than
1,000
years,
and
is
still
holding
strong.
In
Africa,
engineers
are
teaching
poor
farmers
how
to
find
water
using
bamboo.
These
African
countries
need
cheap
ways
to
find
water
because
they
have
no
money,
and
their
fields
often
die
from
no
rain
and
no
water.
__5__
Bamboo
pipes
and
drills(钻)
can
help
to
make
the
poor
thirsty
fields
to
be
watered.
A．Not
all
bamboo
looks
the
same.
B．It
grows
quickly
after
it
is
cut
short.
C．They
often
use
bamboo
for
building
new
buildings.
D．Cables
made
of
bamboo
can
last
for
over
a
thousand
years.
E．It
seems
that
bamboo
is
one
of
the
best
things
they
can
use.
F．Many
people
call
this
plant
a
tree,
but
it
is
a
kind
of
grass.
G．Bamboo
grows
almost
everywhere
in
the
world
except
Europe.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Could
you
go
out
to
the
yard
and
see
trees
growing
in
place
for
five
or
more
years
still
1.____(receive)
only
the
water
provided
by
a
couple
of
drip
emitters
close
to
the
trunk?
It
is
more
than
likely
2.__
__
the
tree
needs
more
water
than
it
is
receiving,
which
can
3.__
__(obvious)
be
a
source
of
some
major
problems.
The
first
4.__
__(indicate)
of
water
shortfall
is
that
the
leaves,
whether
they
are
on
a
tree,
or
a
tomato,
will
become
brown.
5.__
__，
that
is
not
the
only
symptom;
water
shortage
can
look
like
any
number
of
6.__
__
(problem).
Sometimes
leaves
are
not
brown
and
dry,
7.____
rather
have
parts
of
dead
tissue.
The
plant
might
be
growing
very
slowly.
How
does
one
check
for
watering
problems?
Take
8.__
__
look
at
the
irrigation
system.
Are
there
enough
emitters?
One
or
two
gallons
per
day
will
not
support
a
mature
tree
in
dry
soil.
Even
a
young
one
may
need
a
little
more
than
that.
Water
need
depends
on
the
trunk
diameter
as
9.____(good)
as
the
variety.
A
mature
cottonwood,
for
instance,
can
transpire
over
100
gallons
every
day.
Usually
the
tree's
root
system
will
extend
through
a
wide
area,
but
roots
cannot
grow
10.__
__
dry
soil.
Ⅳ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In
fact,
great
white
sharks
are
not
white.
The
name
is
thought
to
have
come
about
because
these
sharks
are
white
in
one
circumstance
when
they
are
lying
dead
on
the
deck
of
a
boat.
It
would
be
more
proper
to
call
this
species
the
“black
shark”.
They
have
a
dark
upper
surface,
which
means
their
prey(猎物)
are
difficult
to
spot
them
approaching
from
the
dark
depths.
Speaking
of
prey,
they
have
been
recorded
dining
out
on
a
wide
range
of
species,
including
whales,
squid(鱿鱼),
turtles
and
occasionally
penguins.
“If
you
make
a
list
of
everything
that's
been
found
in
a
white
shark's
stomach,
you'd
get
a
variety
of
things，”
says
marine
biologist
George
Burgess
of
the
University
of
Florida
in
Gainesville.
But
what's
clear
is
that
their
tastes
change
as
they
age.
“They
are
almost
just
fish?eaters
until
they
are
7,8,9
feet
long，”
says
Burgess.“As
they
get
bigger,
they
will
begin
to
start
eating
mammal
prey
if
they
get
the
opportunity.”
These
older
sharks
prefer
seals,
sea
lions
and
walruses.
When
they
strike
from
below,
at
speed,
white
sharks
can
clear
the
surface
by
as
much
as
3
m.
To
locate
their
prey,
white
sharks
use
almost
every
trick
in
the
book.
“They
have
a
series
of
senses，”
says
Burgess.
In
a
1963
study,
researchers
hung
a
speaker
over
the
edge
of
their
boat
off
Miami
to
see
if
they
could
attract
sharks
with
sound.
No
great
white
sharks
were
spotted
in
this
study,
but
it's
reasonable
to
assume
they
have
good
hearing
too.
As
a
great
white
shark
gets
closer
to
its
prey,
its
sense
of
smell
begins
to
kick
in.
A
study
of
the
brains
of
different
species
of
sharks
shows
that
the
great
white's
olfactory
bulb(嗅球)
is
especially
large.
Their
vision
is
not
bad,
either.“They
see
particularly
well，”says
Burgess.
They
also
have
two
less
familiar
senses.
Their
lateral
lines,
which
run
along
their
sides,
can
detect
changes
in
water
pressure
that
reveal
their
prey's
movements.
______________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________
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