必修4
Unit1
Women
of
achievement
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
welfare
n.
福利；福利事业
project
n.
项目；工程；规划
institute
n.
学会；学院；协会
chimp
n.(非洲)黑猩猩
nest
n.
巢；窝
career
n.
事业；生涯
emergency
n.
突发事件；紧急情况
generation
n.
一代；一辈
shade
n.
荫；阴凉处vt.
遮住光线
bond
n.
联系；关系；结合；纽带
二星写作词汇
worthwhile
adj.
值得的；值得做的
childhood
n.
童年；幼年时代
outspoken
adj.
直言的；坦诚的
audience
n.
观众；听众；读者
rate
n.
比率；速度
modest
adj.
谦虚的；谦让的；适度的
campaign
n.
运动；战役vi.
作战；参加运动
achievement
n.
成就；功绩achieve
vt.
取得；获得；实现；成功
specialist
n.
专家；专业工作者special
adj.
特别的；专用的specially
adv.
特别地；专门地
connection
n.
连接；关系connect
vt.
连接；联合
organization
n.
组织；机构；团体organize
vt.
组织organized
adj.
有组织的
entertainment
n.
款待；娱乐；娱乐表演entertain
vt.
娱乐；招待entertaining
adj.令人愉快的；有趣的
crowd
n.
人群；观众vt.
挤满；使拥挤crowded
adj.
拥挤的；塞满的
support
n.
&
vt.
支持；拥护supportive
adj.
支持的；支援的
sickness
n.
疾病；恶心sick
adj.
厌恶的；不舒服；恶心的
；生病的
determination
n.
决心；果断determine
vt.
&
vi
(使)下决心，(使)做出决定；决定，确定
determined
adj.
决定了的；坚决的
kindness
n.
仁慈；好意kind
n.
种类；性质adj.
和蔼的；宽容的
considerate
adj.
考虑周到的consideration
n.
考虑；体谅
三星高频词汇
behave
vt.
&
vi.(举止或行为)表现；举动behaviour
(=behavior)
n.
行为；举止；习性
observe
vt.
观察；观测；遵守observation
n.
观察；观测
respect
vt.
&
n.
尊敬；尊重；敬意
respectful
adj.
恭敬的；有礼貌的
argue
vt.
&
vi.
讨论；辩论；争论
argument
n.
争论；争辩；争吵
inspire
vt.
鼓舞；激发；启示
inspiration
n.
灵感；鼓舞
inspired
adj.
受鼓舞的；受……影响的inspiring
adj.
adj.
鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
refer
vi.
谈到；查阅；参考reference
n.
参考，参照；涉及，提及；参考书目
intend
vt.
计划；打算intention
n.
意图；目的
deliver
vt.
递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
后缀?ation高频名词集锦
①inspiration
鼓舞；灵感
②consideration
考虑
③celebration
庆祝；庆典
④appreciation
欣赏；感激
⑤expectation
期望
⑥explanation
解释
2.
以?ist结尾的高频名词荟萃
①specialist
专家
②journalist
记者
③psychologist
心理学家
④economist
经济学家
⑤scientist
科学家
⑥novelist
小说家
【短语巧记】
human
being
人类
move
off
离开；起程；出发
lead
a
…
life
过着……的生活
crowd
in
(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海
look
down
upon/on
蔑视；瞧不起
refer
to
查阅；参考；谈到；涉及；指的是
by
chance
碰巧；凑巧
come
across
(偶然)遇见；碰见
carry
on
继续；坚持
work
out
解决；算出；锻炼
show/have
respect
for
sb
对某人表示尊重
catch
one’s
eye
吸引某人的注意
be
intended
for
为……而准备；专供……使用的
at
a
rate
of
以……的速度/比率
【典句仿写】
1.
only＋状语(从句)引起部分倒装
【课文原句】Only
after
her
mother
came
to
help
her
for
the
first
few
months
was
she
allowed
to
begin
her
project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
【仿写】【2018全国Ⅰ卷书面表达】
Only
when
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
Chinese
table
manners
can
you
behave
properly.只有你了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪你才能表现得体。
2.
once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……
【课文原句】Once
I
stop,
it
all
comes
crowding
in
and
I
remember
the
chimps
in
laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
【仿写】Once
you
have
a
good
command
of
English,
you
will
have
an
advantage
over
others
when
you
hunt
for
a
job.
一旦你精通了英语，在找工作时你就比其他人有优势。
3.
“It
hits/hit
sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……
【课文原句】Suddenly
it
hit
me
how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
【仿写】After
I
was
in
hospital
for
a
week,
it
hit
me
that
nothing
is
more
important
than
health.
住院一个星期后，我突然意识到没有什么比健康更重要。
4.
It
is/was...
that/who...强调句
【课文原句】Further
reading
made
me
realize
that
it
was
hard
work
and
determination
as
well
as
her
gentle
nature
that
got
her
into
medical
school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。
【仿写】Practice
makes
perfect,
as
the
old
saying
goes.
It
is
only
in
this
way
that
we
can
improve
our
spoken/oral
English
.俗话说，熟能生巧。只有这样我们才能提高我们的英语口语。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
behave
vt.
&
vi.(to
do
things
in
a
particular
way)举动;(举止或行为)表现
(1)
behave
well/badly
表现得好/差
behave
oneself
有礼貌;表现得体
(2)
behaviour
n.[U]举止,行为
(=behavior)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Students
should
be
encouraged
to
develop
good
habits
and
better
behave
themselves
(they).
②Believe
it
or
not,
parents’
behaviour
(behave)
can
have
a
great
influence
on
children’s
growth.
③The
children
behaved
(behave)
badly,
the
teacher
kept
them
after
school.
(2)微写作
①【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
all
of
us
should
mind
our
behaviour
in
public.
②每当她姨妈来做客时,她总是表现得很好。
She
always
behaves
well
when
her
aunts
come
to
visit.
2.
observe
vt.观察,注视;遵守;看到,注意到;庆祝
(1)
observe
Christmas
庆祝圣诞
observe
the
traffic
rules
遵守交通规则
(2)
observe
sb
do
sth
观察到某人做了某事(强调动作的整个过程)
observe
sb
doing
sth
观察到某人正在做某事(强调动作在进行)
observe
sb/sth
done
观察到……被……(强调被动的动作)
observe
that
…
观察到……
(3)
observation
n.观察;观测
【名师点拨】observe
sb
do
sth.在被动语态中要加to。
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though
having
lived
abroad
for
years,
many
Chinese
still
observe
the
traditional
customs.
遵守
②It
is
a
tradition
for
the
people
here
to
observe
the
Spring
Festival.
庆祝
③【2019天津卷】We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
made
an
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
观察到
④The
thief
was
observed
to
open
the
window
and
run
away.
注意到；看到
(2)单句填空
①The
scientist
devoted
most
of
his
lifetime
to
observing
(observe)
the
behaviour
of
the
chimps.
②He
observed
a
stranger
enter
(enter)
the
building
a
moment
ago,
but
he
did’t
see
clearly
who
he
was.
③He
was
observed
to
slip
(slip)
into
the
house
and
help
himself
to
what
he
liked
before
the
owner
came
back.
(3)微写作
On
the
top
of
Mountain
Tai,
people
excitedly
observed
the
sun
rising
from
the
sea
of
clouds.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从云海上升起。
3.
argue
vi.
&
vt.(to
speak
angrily
to
sb
because
you
disagree
with
him
or
her)争论,辩论,争吵;
(1)
argue
with
sb
about/over
sth
与某人争辩某事
(2)
argue
sb
into/out
of
doing
sth
说服某人做/不做某事
(3)
argument
n.争论；争辩；论点
【名师点拨】“说服某人做某事”的表达形式：
①persuade
sb
to
do
sth
②persuade/talk
sb
into
doing
sth.
③convince
sb
to
do
sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Now
that
we’ve
heard
all
the
arguments
(argue)
for
and
against
the
proposal,
let’s
vote
on
it.
②How
I
regretted
arguing
(argue)
with
her
about
the
important
question,
which
made
us
all
unhappy.
③It’s
no
use
arguing
with
him
about
the
question
for
he
won't
change
his
mind.
(2)
一句多译
我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
①We
tried
many
ways
to
argue
him
into
following
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(argue)
②We
tried
many
ways
to
persuade
him
into
following/to
follow
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(persuade)
③We
tried
many
ways
to
talk
him
into
following
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(talk)
④We
tried
many
ways
to
convince
him
to
follow
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(convince)
4.
respect
vt.尊敬；尊重；敬意
n．细节；方面；敬意；问候
(1)
respect
sb
for
sth
因某事而尊重某人
(2)
show/have
respect
for
sb
尊重某人
out
of
respect
for...
出于对……的尊敬
【活学活用】
微写作
①Chinese
children
grow
up
with
warnings
not
to
waste
a
single
grain
of
rice,
out
of
respect
for
the
farmers’
labour.
(出于对农民劳动的尊敬)．
②
【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】在中国，我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。
In
China,
we
attach
great
importance
to
respecting/showing
respect
for
the
elderly.
③当我有不同的意见时，我可能会选择放弃并尊重多数人的意见。
When
I
have
a
different
opinion,
I
may
choose
to
give
it
up
and
respect
the
opinion
of
the
majority.
5.
intend
vt.(to
have
a
plan)想要,打算
(1)
intend
doing
/to
do
sth
打算做某事
intend
sb
to
do
sth
打算让某人做某事
(2)
be
intended
for
预定给；为……打算的；为……而准备
be
intended
to
do
sth
目的是；打算……
had
intended
to
do…
本打算做……
intended
to
have
done…
(3)
intention
n.
目的；意图
with
an/the
intention
of
抱有……的目的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①This
programme
was
set
up
with
the
intention
of
providing
help
for
homeless
people.
②This
book
is
intended
for
the
general
readers
rather
than
the
students.
③The
international
agreement,
intended
(intend)to
encourage
children
not
to
smoke
and
help
people
kick
the
habit,
was
signed
yesterday.
④I,
as
well
as
my
friends,
had
intended
(intend)
to
have
a
trip
after
graduation,
but
we
ended
up
finding
a
job
first.
(2)一句多译
【2018北京卷书面表达】这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。
①The
university
is
known
for
its
language
and
culture
courses
which
is
intended
for
international
students.
(定语从句)
②The
university
is
known
for
its
language
and
culture
courses
intended
for
international
students.
(分词作定语)
6.
deliver
vt.
递送,交付,运载;助产;发表(演说等)
(1)
deliver
sth
(to
sb)
投递/运送某物(给某人)
deliver
a
speech
发表演说
deliver
a
baby
接生
(2)
delivery
n.递送;分娩
【名师点拨】deliver后不接双宾语,即不能说deliver
sb
sth,只能说deliver
sth
to
sb
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①When
the
sale
is
complete,
you
must
deliver
the
house
to
the
new
owner.
②Bad
news
came
that
the
snowstorm
delayed
the
delivery
(deliver)
of
the
mail.
③Can
you
give
me
your
guarantee
that
the
goods
will
be
delivered
(deliver)
before
Friday?
④The
express
company
will
get
all
these
goods
received
delivered
(deliver)
to
the
customers
today.
(2)一词多义
①Doctor
Smith
got
a
call
last
night
and
was
asked
to
deliver
a
baby
for
a
peasant’s
family.接生
②We
must
keep
it
in
mind
that
all
the
good
traditions
must
be
delivered
to
the
younger
generations.
传递
【常考短语】
1.
come
across(=meet
by
chance)
(偶然)遇见;碰见
come
about
发生(=happen)
come
out
出现;开花;出版,发行;显出
come
up
(太阳)升起；发生；被提出；走上前
come
up
with
找到/提出(答案、办法等)
【名师点拨】表示“偶遇”的词组还有meet
with
；run
into
等
【活学活用】
用come相关短语的适当形式填空
①When
I
come
across
a
new
word,
I
put
it
down
in
my
notebook.
②How
did
it
come
about
that
he
knew
where
we
were?
③The
president
came
up
with
a
plan
and
all
the
members
were
in
favour
of
it.
2.
carry
on
继续;坚持
carry
on
(with)
sth
继续做某事(相当于go
on
with)
carry
on
doing
sth
继续做某事(相当于go
on
doing)
carry
out
执行;实施
【活学活用】
单句填空
①You’ll
have
an
accident
if
you
carry
on
driving
(drive)
like
that.
②First
of
all,
the
most
significant
thing
is
to
set
a
goal,
work
out
a
plan
and
carry
out
your
plan
step
by
step.
③If
you
carry
on
working
like
that,
you
will
break
down
sooner
or
later.
3.
look
down
upon/on
蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
look
up
to
尊敬；仰视
look
forward
to
盼望；期待
look
into
调查；观察；窥视
look
up
抬头看；查阅
look
back
on
回忆；回顾
look
out
(for...)
注意；留意
look
through
浏览；仔细查看
【活学活用】
(1)用look的相关短语填空
①Therefore,
there
is
no
reason
for
us
to
look
down
upon/on
ordinary
jobs.
②I
like
to
look
back
on
my
high
school
days,
which
were
the
happiest
in
my
life.
③The
reason
why
I
look
up
to
the
artist
is
that
his
works
are
inspiring.
(2)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】我热烈欢迎你和你的演出。同时，我期待着尽快收到您的回信。
I'd
like
to
express
my
warm
welcome
to
you
and
your
performances.
Meanwhile,
I’m
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
4.
refer
to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把……称作……
(1)
refer
to...
as...
把……称作……
(2)
reference
n.
提及；参考；查阅
reference
book
参考书；工具书
(1)写出下列句中refer
to的含义
①If
you
don’t
know
the
exact
meaning
of
the
word,
you
may
refer
to
the
dictionary.查阅；参与
②We
have
reached
an
agreement
that
we
will
not
refer
to
the
matter
again.
提及
③People
who
work
in
offices
are
usually
referred
to
as
“white
collar
workers”．把……称作
(2)
微写作
①课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。
The
textbooks
and
dictionaries
can
be
used
as
reference
books
while
the
magazines
serve
as
reading
materials.
②我刚才说有人犯了错，指的并不是你。
I
didn’t
refer
to
you
when
I
was
saying
that
somebody
had
made
a
mistake.
【必备句型】
1.
Once
I
stop,
it
all
comes
crowding
in
and
I
remember
the
chimps
in
laboratories.我一旦停下来,所有的一切就会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：once引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦”；
句型公式：crowding
in为现在分词短语作方式状语,
意为“涌入”。
(1)动词come后常接running/flying/speeding/dashing/rushing/crashing/pouring等现在分词作方式状语。
(2)若once引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【活学活用】
(1)完成句子
①Once
you
have
a
good
command
of
English
(一旦你精通了英语),
you
will
have
an
advantage
over
others
when
you
hunt
for
a
job.
②You
will
be
successful
in
the
interview
once
you
have
confidence
(一旦你有自信心)．
(2)句型转换
Once
it
is
lost,
the
good
chance
may
never
come
again.
-Once
lost,
the
good
chance
may
never
come
again.
(省略)
(3)单句填空
①The
rain
came
pouring
(pour)
down
and
of
course
the
football
game
was
cancelled.
②He
came
running
(run)
along
the
platform
just
as
the
train
was
leaving.
③It
was
two
weeks
before
Christmas
and
the
mall
was
crowded
(crowd)
with
shoppers.
2.
Suddenly
it
hit
me
how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.
突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：“It
hit/hits
sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”
it作形式主语的其他常见句型：
It
occurs
to
sb
从句...
某人突然想到……
It
strikes
sb
从句...
某人突然想到……
It
happens
that
...
碰巧……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It
happens
that
he
told
me
not
to
depend
on
fortune,
but
on
conduct.
②It
occurs
to
me
that
I
can
turn
to
my
sister
for
help
because
she
is
good
at
repairing
the
computer.
(2)一句多译
【2016全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】我突然想到我忘记我们的约定了。
①It
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(occur)
②It
hit
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(hit)
③It
struck
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(strike)
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2019浙江卷写作】We
should
especially
recognize
our
children’s
efforts
to
push
themselves
and
work
hard
to
achieve
(achieve)
a
goal.
②【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】Once
his
message
was
delivered
(deliver),
he
allowed
me
to
stay
and
watch.
③【2019天津卷】I
was
extremely
inspired
(inspire)
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
④【2018北京卷】He
also
won
praise
from
social
media
users
after
Mr.
Anderson
posted
about
the
act
of
kindness
(kind)
on
Facebook.
⑤【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
But
Sarah,
who
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
She
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
education.
⑥【2018全国卷Ⅲ】
Wang
Shu,
a
49-year-old
Chinese
architect,
won
the
2012
Pritzker
Architecture
Prize
—
which
is
often
referred
to
as
the
Nobel
Prize
in
architecture
—
on
February
28.
⑦【2018全国卷Ⅲ】Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
(determine)
to
test
my
own
theory
on
this.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019浙江卷书面表达】You
shared
me
with
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
It
is
you
who
shared
me
with
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
(用强调句型来升级)
②【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
give
a
speech.
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
(用高级词汇来替换蓝色粗体部分)
【主题写作】
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，题目是“The
Most
Impressive
Woman
in
My
Life”，请你写一篇稿件，投给校英文报。内容包括：①这位女士的特点；②这位女士给你的影响。
【分化步骤，先句后篇】
1.
列提纲，补全要点句。
①谈到我生命中印象最深的人，我突然想到我的英语老师赵老师，她是最令人印象深刻的一个人。
When
it
comes
to
the
most
impressive
woman
in
my
life,
it
hits
me
that
my
English
teacher
Miss
Zhao
is
the
most
impressive
one.
②作为教师，她毕生致力于教学。
As
a
teacher,
she
has
devoted
her
whole
life
to
teaching.
③她写了许多文章，有些文章是针对英语薄弱的学生的。
She
has
written
many
articles,
and
some
of
them
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
④她对所有学生的关爱和体贴让她深受尊重。
The
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
make
her
highly
respected.
⑤在她的鼓舞和帮助下，我表现得很好并收获很大。
With
her
inspiration
and
help,
I
have
behaved
well
and
achieved
much.
⑥无可争辩，赵老师就是一位让我印象深刻并赢得我尊重的老师。
It
is
beyond
argument
that
Miss
Zhao
is
the
one
who
impresses
me
most
and
wins
my
respect.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句升级句③
She
has
written
many
articles,
some
of
which
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
②利用强调句式升级句④
It
is
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
that
make
her
highly
respected.
3.
恰当运用过渡词，完美布局成篇
The
Most
Impressive
Woman
in
My
Life
When
it
comes
to
the
most
impressive
woman
in
my
life,
it
hits
me
that
my
English
teacher
Miss
Zhao
is
the
most
impressive
one.
As
a
teacher,
she
has
devoted
her
whole
life
to
teaching.
In
addition,
she
has
written
many
articles,
some
of
which
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
Most
importantly,
it
is
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
that
make
her
highly
respected.
With
her
inspiration
and
help,
I
have
behaved
well
and
achieved
much.
It
is
beyond
argument
that
Miss
Zhao
is
the
one
who
impresses
me
most
and
wins
my
respect.必修4
Unit1
Women
of
achievement
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
welfare
n.
福利；福利事业
project
n.
项目；工程；规划
institute
n.
学会；学院；协会
chimp
n.(非洲)黑猩猩
nest
n.
巢；窝
career
n.
事业；生涯
emergency
n.
突发事件；紧急情况
generation
n.
一代；一辈
shade
n.
荫；阴凉处vt.
遮住光线
bond
n.
联系；关系；结合；纽带
二星写作词汇
worthwhile
adj.
值得的；值得做的
childhood
n.
童年；幼年时代
outspoken
adj.
直言的；坦诚的
audience
n.
观众；听众；读者
rate
n.
比率；速度
modest
adj.
谦虚的；谦让的；适度的
campaign
n.
运动；战役vi.
作战；参加运动
achievement
n.
成就；功绩achieve
vt.
取得；获得；实现；成功
specialist
n.
专家；专业工作者special
adj.
特别的；专用的specially
adv.
特别地；专门地
connection
n.
连接；关系connect
vt.
连接；联合
organization
n.
组织；机构；团体organize
vt.
组织organized
adj.
有组织的
entertainment
n.
款待；娱乐；娱乐表演entertain
vt.
娱乐；招待entertaining
adj.令人愉快的；有趣的
crowd
n.
人群；观众vt.
挤满；使拥挤crowded
adj.
拥挤的；塞满的
support
n.
&
vt.
支持；拥护supportive
adj.
支持的；支援的
sickness
n.
疾病；恶心sick
adj.
厌恶的；不舒服；恶心的
；生病的
determination
n.
决心；果断determine
vt.
&
vi
(使)下决心，(使)做出决定；决定，确定
determined
adj.
决定了的；坚决的
kindness
n.
仁慈；好意kind
n.
种类；性质adj.
和蔼的；宽容的
considerate
adj.
考虑周到的consideration
n.
考虑；体谅
三星高频词汇
behave
vt.
&
vi.(举止或行为)表现；举动behaviour
(=behavior)
n.
行为；举止；习性
observe
vt.
观察；观测；遵守observation
n.
观察；观测
respect
vt.
&
n.
尊敬；尊重；敬意
respectful
adj.
恭敬的；有礼貌的
argue
vt.
&
vi.
讨论；辩论；争论
argument
n.
争论；争辩；争吵
inspire
vt.
鼓舞；激发；启示
inspiration
n.
灵感；鼓舞
inspired
adj.
受鼓舞的；受……影响的inspiring
adj.
adj.
鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的
refer
vi.
谈到；查阅；参考reference
n.
参考，参照；涉及，提及；参考书目
intend
vt.
计划；打算intention
n.
意图；目的
deliver
vt.
递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
后缀?ation高频名词集锦
①inspiration
鼓舞；灵感
②consideration
考虑
③celebration
庆祝；庆典
④appreciation
欣赏；感激
⑤expectation
期望
⑥explanation
解释
2.
以?ist结尾的高频名词荟萃
①specialist
专家
②journalist
记者
③psychologist
心理学家
④economist
经济学家
⑤scientist
科学家
⑥novelist
小说家
【短语巧记】
human
being
人类
move
off
离开；起程；出发
lead
a
…
life
过着……的生活
crowd
in
(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海
look
down
upon/on
蔑视；瞧不起
refer
to
查阅；参考；谈到；涉及；指的是
by
chance
碰巧；凑巧
come
across
(偶然)遇见；碰见
carry
on
继续；坚持
work
out
解决；算出；锻炼
show/have
respect
for
sb
对某人表示尊重
catch
one’s
eye
吸引某人的注意
be
intended
for
为……而准备；专供……使用的
at
a
rate
of
以……的速度/比率
【典句仿写】
1.
only＋状语(从句)引起部分倒装
【课文原句】Only
after
her
mother
came
to
help
her
for
the
first
few
months
was
she
allowed
to
begin
her
project.
她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。
【仿写】【2018全国Ⅰ卷书面表达】
Only
when
you
have
a
better
understanding
of
Chinese
table
manners
can
you
behave
properly.只有你了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪你才能表现得体。
2.
once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……
【课文原句】Once
I
stop,
it
all
comes
crowding
in
and
I
remember
the
chimps
in
laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
【仿写】Once
you
have
a
good
command
of
English,
you
will
have
an
advantage
over
others
when
you
hunt
for
a
job.
一旦你精通了英语，在找工作时你就比其他人有优势。
3.
“It
hits/hit
sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……
【课文原句】Suddenly
it
hit
me
how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
【仿写】After
I
was
in
hospital
for
a
week,
it
hit
me
that
nothing
is
more
important
than
health.
住院一个星期后，我突然意识到没有什么比健康更重要。
4.
It
is/was...
that/who...强调句
【课文原句】Further
reading
made
me
realize
that
it
was
hard
work
and
determination
as
well
as
her
gentle
nature
that
got
her
into
medical
school.进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。
【仿写】Practice
makes
perfect,
as
the
old
saying
goes.
It
is
only
in
this
way
that
we
can
improve
our
spoken/oral
English
.俗话说，熟能生巧。只有这样我们才能提高我们的英语口语。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
behave
vt.
&
vi.(to
do
things
in
a
particular
way)举动;(举止或行为)表现
(1)
behave
well/badly
表现得好/差
behave
oneself
有礼貌;表现得体
(2)
behaviour
n.[U]举止,行为
(=behavior)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Students
should
be
encouraged
to
develop
good
habits
and
better
behave
themselves
(they).
②Believe
it
or
not,
parents’
behaviour
(behave)
can
have
a
great
influence
on
children’s
growth.
③The
children
behaved
(behave)
badly,
the
teacher
kept
them
after
school.
(2)微写作
①【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】就我个人而言，我们大家都应该注意公共场所的举止。
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
all
of
us
should
mind
our
behaviour
in
public.
②每当她姨妈来做客时,她总是表现得很好。
She
always
behaves
well
when
her
aunts
come
to
visit.
2.
observe
vt.观察,注视;遵守;看到,注意到;庆祝
(1)
observe
Christmas
庆祝圣诞
observe
the
traffic
rules
遵守交通规则
(2)
observe
sb
do
sth
观察到某人做了某事(强调动作的整个过程)
observe
sb
doing
sth
观察到某人正在做某事(强调动作在进行)
observe
sb/sth
done
观察到……被……(强调被动的动作)
observe
that
…
观察到……
(3)
observation
n.观察;观测
【名师点拨】observe
sb
do
sth.在被动语态中要加to。
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中observe的含义
①Though
having
lived
abroad
for
years,
many
Chinese
still
observe
the
traditional
customs.
遵守
②It
is
a
tradition
for
the
people
here
to
observe
the
Spring
Festival.
庆祝
③【2019天津卷】We
can
observe
that
artificial
intelligence
has
already
made
an
impact
on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
观察到
④The
thief
was
observed
to
open
the
window
and
run
away.
注意到；看到
(2)单句填空
①The
scientist
devoted
most
of
his
lifetime
to
observing
(observe)
the
behaviour
of
the
chimps.
②He
observed
a
stranger
enter
(enter)
the
building
a
moment
ago,
but
he
did’t
see
clearly
who
he
was.
③He
was
observed
to
slip
(slip)
into
the
house
and
help
himself
to
what
he
liked
before
the
owner
came
back.
(3)微写作
On
the
top
of
Mountain
Tai,
people
excitedly
observed
the
sun
rising
from
the
sea
of
clouds.
在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从云海上升起。
3.
argue
vi.
&
vt.(to
speak
angrily
to
sb
because
you
disagree
with
him
or
her)争论,辩论,争吵;
(1)
argue
with
sb
about/over
sth
与某人争辩某事
(2)
argue
sb
into/out
of
doing
sth
说服某人做/不做某事
(3)
argument
n.争论；争辩；论点
【名师点拨】“说服某人做某事”的表达形式：
①persuade
sb
to
do
sth
②persuade/talk
sb
into
doing
sth.
③convince
sb
to
do
sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Now
that
we’ve
heard
all
the
arguments
(argue)
for
and
against
the
proposal,
let’s
vote
on
it.
②How
I
regretted
arguing
(argue)
with
her
about
the
important
question,
which
made
us
all
unhappy.
③It’s
no
use
arguing
with
him
about
the
question
for
he
won't
change
his
mind.
(2)
一句多译
我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。
①We
tried
many
ways
to
argue
him
into
following
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(argue)
②We
tried
many
ways
to
persuade
him
into
following/to
follow
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(persuade)
③We
tried
many
ways
to
talk
him
into
following
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(talk)
④We
tried
many
ways
to
convince
him
to
follow
our
advice,
but
in
vain.
(convince)
4.
respect
vt.尊敬；尊重；敬意
n．细节；方面；敬意；问候
(1)
respect
sb
for
sth
因某事而尊重某人
(2)
show/have
respect
for
sb
尊重某人
out
of
respect
for...
出于对……的尊敬
【活学活用】
微写作
①Chinese
children
grow
up
with
warnings
not
to
waste
a
single
grain
of
rice,
out
of
respect
for
the
farmers’
labour.
(出于对农民劳动的尊敬)．
②
【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】在中国，我们认为尊敬长辈是很重要的。
In
China,
we
attach
great
importance
to
respecting/showing
respect
for
the
elderly.
③当我有不同的意见时，我可能会选择放弃并尊重多数人的意见。
When
I
have
a
different
opinion,
I
may
choose
to
give
it
up
and
respect
the
opinion
of
the
majority.
5.
intend
vt.(to
have
a
plan)想要,打算
(1)
intend
doing
/to
do
sth
打算做某事
intend
sb
to
do
sth
打算让某人做某事
(2)
be
intended
for
预定给；为……打算的；为……而准备
be
intended
to
do
sth
目的是；打算……
had
intended
to
do…
本打算做……
intended
to
have
done…
(3)
intention
n.
目的；意图
with
an/the
intention
of
抱有……的目的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①This
programme
was
set
up
with
the
intention
of
providing
help
for
homeless
people.
②This
book
is
intended
for
the
general
readers
rather
than
the
students.
③The
international
agreement,
intended
(intend)to
encourage
children
not
to
smoke
and
help
people
kick
the
habit,
was
signed
yesterday.
④I,
as
well
as
my
friends,
had
intended
(intend)
to
have
a
trip
after
graduation,
but
we
ended
up
finding
a
job
first.
(2)一句多译
【2018北京卷书面表达】这所大学以其面向国际学生的语言和文化课程而闻名。
①The
university
is
known
for
its
language
and
culture
courses
which
is
intended
for
international
students.
(定语从句)
②The
university
is
known
for
its
language
and
culture
courses
intended
for
international
students.
(分词作定语)
6.
deliver
vt.
递送,交付,运载;助产;发表(演说等)
(1)
deliver
sth
(to
sb)
投递/运送某物(给某人)
deliver
a
speech
发表演说
deliver
a
baby
接生
(2)
delivery
n.递送;分娩
【名师点拨】deliver后不接双宾语,即不能说deliver
sb
sth,只能说deliver
sth
to
sb
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①When
the
sale
is
complete,
you
must
deliver
the
house
to
the
new
owner.
②Bad
news
came
that
the
snowstorm
delayed
the
delivery
(deliver)
of
the
mail.
③Can
you
give
me
your
guarantee
that
the
goods
will
be
delivered
(deliver)
before
Friday?
④The
express
company
will
get
all
these
goods
received
delivered
(deliver)
to
the
customers
today.
(2)一词多义
①Doctor
Smith
got
a
call
last
night
and
was
asked
to
deliver
a
baby
for
a
peasant’s
family.接生
②We
must
keep
it
in
mind
that
all
the
good
traditions
must
be
delivered
to
the
younger
generations.
传递
【常考短语】
1.
come
across(=meet
by
chance)
(偶然)遇见;碰见
come
about
发生(=happen)
come
out
出现;开花;出版,发行;显出
come
up
(太阳)升起；发生；被提出；走上前
come
up
with
找到/提出(答案、办法等)
【名师点拨】表示“偶遇”的词组还有meet
with
；run
into
等
【活学活用】
用come相关短语的适当形式填空
①When
I
come
across
a
new
word,
I
put
it
down
in
my
notebook.
②How
did
it
come
about
that
he
knew
where
we
were?
③The
president
came
up
with
a
plan
and
all
the
members
were
in
favour
of
it.
2.
carry
on
继续;坚持
carry
on
(with)
sth
继续做某事(相当于go
on
with)
carry
on
doing
sth
继续做某事(相当于go
on
doing)
carry
out
执行;实施
【活学活用】
单句填空
①You’ll
have
an
accident
if
you
carry
on
driving
(drive)
like
that.
②First
of
all,
the
most
significant
thing
is
to
set
a
goal,
work
out
a
plan
and
carry
out
your
plan
step
by
step.
③If
you
carry
on
working
like
that,
you
will
break
down
sooner
or
later.
3.
look
down
upon/on
蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
look
up
to
尊敬；仰视
look
forward
to
盼望；期待
look
into
调查；观察；窥视
look
up
抬头看；查阅
look
back
on
回忆；回顾
look
out
(for...)
注意；留意
look
through
浏览；仔细查看
【活学活用】
(1)用look的相关短语填空
①Therefore,
there
is
no
reason
for
us
to
look
down
upon/on
ordinary
jobs.
②I
like
to
look
back
on
my
high
school
days,
which
were
the
happiest
in
my
life.
③The
reason
why
I
look
up
to
the
artist
is
that
his
works
are
inspiring.
(2)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】我热烈欢迎你和你的演出。同时，我期待着尽快收到您的回信。
I'd
like
to
express
my
warm
welcome
to
you
and
your
performances.
Meanwhile,
I’m
looking
forward
to
hearing
from
you.
4.
refer
to提及；谈到；参考；查阅；提交；把……称作……
(1)
refer
to...
as...
把……称作……
(2)
reference
n.
提及；参考；查阅
reference
book
参考书；工具书
(1)写出下列句中refer
to的含义
①If
you
don’t
know
the
exact
meaning
of
the
word,
you
may
refer
to
the
dictionary.查阅；参与
②We
have
reached
an
agreement
that
we
will
not
refer
to
the
matter
again.
提及
③People
who
work
in
offices
are
usually
referred
to
as
“white
collar
workers”．把……称作
(2)
微写作
①课本和字典可以用作参考书而杂志可作为阅读材料。
The
textbooks
and
dictionaries
can
be
used
as
reference
books
while
the
magazines
serve
as
reading
materials.
②我刚才说有人犯了错，指的并不是你。
I
didn’t
refer
to
you
when
I
was
saying
that
somebody
had
made
a
mistake.
【必备句型】
1.
Once
I
stop,
it
all
comes
crowding
in
and
I
remember
the
chimps
in
laboratories.我一旦停下来,所有的一切就会涌上心头,我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：once引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦”；
句型公式：crowding
in为现在分词短语作方式状语,
意为“涌入”。
(1)动词come后常接running/flying/speeding/dashing/rushing/crashing/pouring等现在分词作方式状语。
(2)若once引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【活学活用】
(1)完成句子
①Once
you
have
a
good
command
of
English
(一旦你精通了英语),
you
will
have
an
advantage
over
others
when
you
hunt
for
a
job.
②You
will
be
successful
in
the
interview
once
you
have
confidence
(一旦你有自信心)．
(2)句型转换
Once
it
is
lost,
the
good
chance
may
never
come
again.
-Once
lost,
the
good
chance
may
never
come
again.
(省略)
(3)单句填空
①The
rain
came
pouring
(pour)
down
and
of
course
the
football
game
was
cancelled.
②He
came
running
(run)
along
the
platform
just
as
the
train
was
leaving.
③It
was
two
weeks
before
Christmas
and
the
mall
was
crowded
(crowd)
with
shoppers.
2.
Suddenly
it
hit
me
how
difficult
it
was
for
a
woman
to
get
medical
training
at
that
time.
突然我想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：“It
hit/hits
sb.＋从句”表示“某人突然想起……”
it作形式主语的其他常见句型：
It
occurs
to
sb
从句...
某人突然想到……
It
strikes
sb
从句...
某人突然想到……
It
happens
that
...
碰巧……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It
happens
that
he
told
me
not
to
depend
on
fortune,
but
on
conduct.
②It
occurs
to
me
that
I
can
turn
to
my
sister
for
help
because
she
is
good
at
repairing
the
computer.
(2)一句多译
【2016全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】我突然想到我忘记我们的约定了。
①It
occurred
to
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(occur)
②It
hit
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(hit)
③It
struck
me
that
I
had
forgotten
our
appointment.
(strike)
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2019浙江卷写作】We
should
especially
recognize
our
children’s
efforts
to
push
themselves
and
work
hard
to
achieve
(achieve)
a
goal.
②【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】Once
his
message
was
delivered
(deliver),
he
allowed
me
to
stay
and
watch.
③【2019天津卷】I
was
extremely
inspired
(inspire)
by
the
elegant
way
the
words
sounded.
④【2018北京卷】He
also
won
praise
from
social
media
users
after
Mr.
Anderson
posted
about
the
act
of
kindness
(kind)
on
Facebook.
⑤【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
But
Sarah,
who
has
taken
part
in
shows
along
with
top
models,
wants
to
prove
that
she
has
brains
as
well
as
beauty.
She
is
determined
to
carry
on
with
her
education.
⑥【2018全国卷Ⅲ】
Wang
Shu,
a
49-year-old
Chinese
architect,
won
the
2012
Pritzker
Architecture
Prize
—
which
is
often
referred
to
as
the
Nobel
Prize
in
architecture
—
on
February
28.
⑦【2018全国卷Ⅲ】Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
(determine)
to
test
my
own
theory
on
this.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019浙江卷书面表达】You
shared
me
with
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
It
is
you
who
shared
me
with
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
(用强调句型来升级)
②【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
give
a
speech.
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
(用高级词汇来替换蓝色粗体部分)
【主题写作】
假定你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿，题目是“The
Most
Impressive
Woman
in
My
Life”，请你写一篇稿件，投给校英文报。内容包括：①这位女士的特点；②这位女士给你的影响。
【分化步骤，先句后篇】
1.
列提纲，补全要点句。
①谈到我生命中印象最深的人，我突然想到我的英语老师赵老师，她是最令人印象深刻的一个人。
When
it
comes
to
the
most
impressive
woman
in
my
life,
it
hits
me
that
my
English
teacher
Miss
Zhao
is
the
most
impressive
one.
②作为教师，她毕生致力于教学。
As
a
teacher,
she
has
devoted
her
whole
life
to
teaching.
③她写了许多文章，有些文章是针对英语薄弱的学生的。
She
has
written
many
articles,
and
some
of
them
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
④她对所有学生的关爱和体贴让她深受尊重。
The
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
make
her
highly
respected.
⑤在她的鼓舞和帮助下，我表现得很好并收获很大。
With
her
inspiration
and
help,
I
have
behaved
well
and
achieved
much.
⑥无可争辩，赵老师就是一位让我印象深刻并赢得我尊重的老师。
It
is
beyond
argument
that
Miss
Zhao
is
the
one
who
impresses
me
most
and
wins
my
respect.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句升级句③
She
has
written
many
articles,
some
of
which
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
②利用强调句式升级句④
It
is
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
that
make
her
highly
respected.
3.
恰当运用过渡词，完美布局成篇
The
Most
Impressive
Woman
in
My
Life
When
it
comes
to
the
most
impressive
woman
in
my
life,
it
hits
me
that
my
English
teacher
Miss
Zhao
is
the
most
impressive
one.
As
a
teacher,
she
has
devoted
her
whole
life
to
teaching.
In
addition,
she
has
written
many
articles,
some
of
which
are
intended
for
students
poor
in
English.
Most
importantly,
it
is
the
kindness
and
consideration
she
shows
to
all
students
that
make
her
highly
respected.
With
her
inspiration
and
help,
I
have
behaved
well
and
achieved
much.
It
is
beyond
argument
that
Miss
Zhao
is
the
one
who
impresses
me
most
and
wins
my
respect.
