必修5
Unit2
The
United
Kingdom
导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
kingdom
n.
王国
province
n.
省；行政区
union
n.
联合；联盟；结合；协会
currency
n.
货币；通货
institution
n.
制度；机制；公共机构
educational
adj.
教育的
nationwide
adj.
全国性的；全国范围的
historical
adj.
历史(上)的；有关历史的
architecture
n.
建筑学；建筑艺术
administration
n.
管理；行政部门
port
n.
港口(城市)
countryside
n.
乡下；农村
description
n.
描写；描述
fax
n.
传真(机)
vt.
用传真传输(文件)
sightseeing
n.
观光；游览
wedding
n.
婚礼
alike
adj.
相同的；类似的
royal
adj.
王室的；皇家的；高贵的
uniform
n.
制服
statue
n.
塑像；雕像
communism
n.
共产主义
original
adj.
最初的；原始的；独创的；
pot
n.
罐；壶
tense
n.
时态
二星写作词汇
unite
vi.
&
vt.
联合；团结
clarify
vt.
澄清；阐明
accomplish
vt.
完成；达到；实现
conflict
n.
矛盾；冲突
error
n.
错误；过失；谬误
credit
n.
信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
quarrel
n.
争吵;争论;吵架vi.
争吵;吵架
splendid
adj.
壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
plus
prep.
加上；和
adj.
加的；正的；零上的
collection
n.
收藏品；珍藏；收集collect
vt.
收集；募捐
unwilling
adj.
不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)反义：willing
adj.
乐意的；自愿的；心甘情愿的
rough
adj.
粗糙的；粗暴的roughly
adv.
粗略地；粗糙地
enjoyable
adj.
令人愉快的；使人高兴的enjoy
vt.
欣赏，享受；喜爱
possibility
n.
可能(性)
possible
adj.
可能的；合理的；合适的
fold
vt.
折叠；对折
反义：
unfold
vt.
打开；呈现
vi.
展开；显露
thrill
vt.
使激动；使胆战心惊thrilled
adj.
非常兴奋的；极为激动的
thrilling
adj.
毛骨悚然的；令人兴奋的；颤动的
三星高频词汇
consist
vi.
组成；在于；一致consistent
adj.
一致的
convenience
n.
便利；方便
convenient
adj.
方便的
attract
vt.
吸引；引起...注意
attractive
adj.
吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的
attraction
n.
吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物
opportunity
n.
机会；时机
arrange
vt.
筹备；安排；整理
arrangement
n.
布置；整理；准备；安排
delight
n.
快乐；高兴；喜悦
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜delighted
adj.
高兴的；乐意的
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【短语巧记】
consist
of/
be
made
up
of
由……组成
divide…into
把……分成
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
take
the
place
of
代替
break
down
(机器)损坏；破坏
refer
to
参考；查阅；指的是；涉及；谈到；认为
make
a
list
of
列……的清单
have
an
influence
on/upon对……有影响
leave
for
动身前往
to
one’s
surprise
让某人吃惊的是
in
memory
of
为了纪念
be
unwilling
to
do
不乐意做；不愿做
was
thrilled
by/at
对……激动不已
to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
【联想法巧记单词短语】
1.“to
one’s＋n.”必备短语荟萃
①to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉
②to
one’s
astonishment
令某人惊奇的是
③to
one’s
delight/joy
令某人高兴的是
④to
one’s
disappointment令某人失望的是
⑤to
one’s
regret
使某人感到遗憾的是
⑥to
one’s
shame
使某人惭愧的是
2.
前缀a?高频表语形容词大全
①alike
相同的；类似的
②asleep
睡着的
③alive
活的；有活力的
④awake
醒着的
⑤afraid
害怕的
⑥ashamed
羞愧的
【语法速递】
To
her
great
surprise,
Zhang
Pingyu
found
the
Queen’s
jewels
guarded
(guard)
by
special
royal
soldiers.
Then
just
as
she
came
out
of
the
abbey,
Pingyu
heard
the
famous
sound
of
the
clock,
Big
Ben,
ringing
(ring)
out
the
hour.
When
she
saw
many
visitors
enjoying
(enjoy)
looking
at
the
beautiful
old
Chinese
pots
and
other
objects
on
show,
she
felt
very
proud
of
her
country.
It
passes
through
Greenwich,
so
Pingyu
had
a
photo
taken
(take)
standing
on
either
side
of
the
line.
It
has
the
oldest
port
built
(build)
by
the
Romans
in
the
first
century
AD,
the
oldest
building
begun
(begin)by
the
Anglo-Saxons
in
the
1060s
and
the
oldest
castle
constructed
(construct)
by
later
Norman
rulers
in
1066.
But
she
was
thrilled
by
so
many
wonderful
treasures
from
different
cultures
displayed
(display)
in
the
museum.
It
seemed
strange
that
the
man
who
had
developed
communism
should
have
lived
(live)
and
died
in
London.
What
interested
her
most
was
the
longitude
line.
【典句仿写】
1.
“keep/make＋宾语＋宾补”
结构
【课文原句】You
must
keep
your
eyes
open
if
you
are
going
to
make
your
trip
to
the
United
Kingdom
enjoyable
and
worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。
【仿写】Keeping
the
environment
clean
and
free
of
pollution
is
the
key
step
to
make
life
healthy.保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。
2.
过去分词(v-ed)短语作状语
【课文原句】Worried
about
the
time
available,
Zhang
Pingyu
had
made
a
list
of
the
sites
she
wanted
to
see
in
London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了清单。
【仿写】Faced
with/Facing
so
many
new
things
to
learn,
I
was
at
a
loss
what
to
do.
面对这么多要学的新东西，不知道该做什么。
3.
状语从句的省略
【课文原句】It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【仿写】【2019北京卷书面表达】
While
picking
watermelons
on
the
farm,
I
realized
the
real
meaning
of
labour.
在农场摘西瓜的时候，我意识到了劳动的真正含义。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
convenience
n.
(不可数)便利；适宜；方便；(可数)便利的事物(或设施)
(1)
for
convenience
为了方便起见
for
the
convenience
of
为了……的方便
at
one’s
convenience
在某人方便的时候
(2)
convenient
adj.方便的；合适的
It
is
convenient
for
sb
to
do
sth
某人方便做某事
(3)
inconvenience
n.不方便；不便
inconvenient
adj.不方便的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He
used
his
wife’s
birthday
as
a
convenient
(convenience)
excuse
for
not
going
to
the
meeting.
?
②The
airport
is
quite
far
from
the
downtown
area,
but
it
is
still
more
convenient
(convenience)
than
taking
the
train.
③Gas
is
one
of
the
modern
conveniences
(convenient)
the
newly-built
apartment
building
provides.
(2)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】如果你方便的话，我们上午8：30在学校门口外面见面。
If
it
is
convenient
for
you,
let’s
meet
at
8：30
a．m.
outside
the
school
gate.
2.
attract
vt.
(to
arouse
interest
or
pleasure
in
sb/sth)吸引；引起注意
(1)
attract
one’s
attention
引起/吸引某人的注意
be
attracted
by
被……迷住,
被……吸引住
(2)
attraction
n.
魅力,吸引力；诱人之处；吸引人的地方/东西
(3)
attractive
adj.迷人的；
有魅力的；
引人注目的
be
attractive
to…
对……有吸引力
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Mountain
Tai
is
known
for
its
fantastic
mountain
scenery,
attracting
(attract)
a
number
of
tourists
at
home
and
abroad.
②He
felt
himself
so
powerfully
attracted
(attract)
to
the
scientific
ideal.
③【2017全国卷Ⅲ】This
attractive
(attract)
tour
takes
you
to
some
of
San
Francisco’s
most
cheerful
holiday
scenes.
④The
Tower
of
London
is
one
of
the
most
popular
tourist
attractions
(attract)
in
London.
(2)微写作
①吸引人们到西湖的是它的自然美景和丰富的文化底蕴。
What
attracts
people
to
the
West
Lake
is
its
beautiful
scenery
and
rich
culture.
②它是维尼吉亚一年一度的传统节日，吸引着来自13个国家的人们。
It’s
an
annual
traditional
festival
in
West
Virginia,
attracting
people
from
13
countries.
3.
arrange
v.
安排；整理；排列；布置
(1)
arrange
to
do
sth
安排做某事
arrange
sth
for
sb
为某人安排某事
arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
安排某人做某事
(2)
arrangement
n.安排；排列；布置
make
arrangements
for…
为……做安排
【名师点拨】
(1)
“安排某人做某事”用arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
而不用arrange
sb
to
do
sth。
(2)
make
arrangements
(for
sth/for
sb
to
do
sth)中的arrangement
常用复数形式。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①There
is
no
need
to
worry,
Susan.
I
have
arranged
for
a
car
to
meet
your
parents
at
the
airport.
②If
you
are
interested,
please
sign
up
at
the
office
before
5：00
p．m.
next
Thursday
so
that
we
will
make
necessary
arrangements
(arrange)．
③As
previously
arranged
(arrange),
Dr
Baker
is
invited
to
deliver
a
speech
on
education
and
culture
sometime
in
August.
④He
was
surprised
to
find
his
room
thoroughly
cleaned
and
everything
arranged
(arrange)
in
perfect
order.
(2)微写作
①【2018全国Ⅱ卷书面表达】我们已经安排好这部短片将于明天下午四点到五点半在我们学校剧院放映。
We
have
arranged
for
the
short
film
to
be
on
show
from
16：00
to
17：30
at
our
school
theatre
tomorrow.
②父母为孩子们安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
Parents
arrange
everything
for
their
children
and
spare
no
effort
to
pave
the
way
for
their
success.
③就在记者招待会的前一天,他们安排作者见了一些读者。
It
was
on
the
day
before
the
press
conference
that
they
arranged
for
the
author
to
meet
a
number
of
readers.
4.
delight
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜
n.(不可数)高兴,喜悦；
(可数)乐事
(1)
It
delight
sb
that
…
让某人高兴的是
What
delight
sb
is
that
…
让某人高兴的是
(2)
take
delight
in
以……为乐
with
delight
高兴地；愉快地
to
one’s
delight
使某人高兴的是
It
is
a
delight
to
do…
很愉快/高兴去做某事
It
is
a
delight
that…
……是一件令人愉快/高兴的事
(3)
delighted
adj.
高兴的；快乐的
be
delighted
to
do
很高兴做某事
(4)
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It
is
a
delight
for
her
to
watch
her
daughter
dance
in
the
show.
②The
volunteers
also
take
delight
in
it,
while
bringing
joy,
care,
help
and
confidence
to
the
children.
③The
children
unwrapped
their
Christmas
presents
with
delight.
④I
am
delighted
to
come
(come)
to
New
York
at
the
beginning
of
New
Year
and
meet
with
you,
friends
both
old
and
new.
⑤What
he
saw
made
him
move
quickly
towards
the
door,
with
a
delighted
(delight)
smile
on
his
face.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国I卷书面表达】很高兴我有此机会给你讲讲一些中国的文化和餐桌礼仪的东西。
①I’m
more
than
delighted
to
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(delighted
adj.)
②Much
to
my
delight
/
To
my
great
delight,
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(to
one’s
delight)
③What
delights
me
greatly
is
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(what引导的主语从句)
④It
delights
me
greatly
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
vt.)
⑤It
is
a
great
delight
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
n.)
【常考短语】
1.
consist
of
由……组成
(1)
consist
of
无被动形式，一般不使用进行时态
be
made
up
of
(2)
consist
in＝lie
in
存在于；在于
consist
with
与……一致/相符
(2)
consistent
adj.
一致的；始终如一的
【名师点拨】不能用于被动语态和进行时态的几个常见短语：
consist
of
belong
to
come
into
being
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
company
consisting
(consist)
of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.
②Success
consists
in
the
ability
to
continue
efforts
through
failures.
③As
far
as
I
know,
this
club
consists
of
eight
members.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。
①The
short
film,
consisting
of/made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(分词短语)
②The
short
film,
which
consists
of/is
made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(定语从句)
2.
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
be/feel
left
out
被忽视(冷落)；感到被忽视(冷落)
9
leave…
alone
不管/不顾…；撇下…一个人
leave
behind
超过；离开；遗忘；把…抛在后面
leave
for
动身前往(某处)
leave
aside
搁置一边；不予考虑
【活学活用】
用leave相关短语的适当形式填空
①She
left
out
a
piece
of
important
detail
in
her
report
due
to
insufficient
preparation.
②Because
I
was
in
a
great
hurry,
I
left
my
coat
behind
in
the
bus.
③The
newly
married
couple
are
leaving
for
their
honeymoon.
④He’s
trying
to
pick
a
quarrel；
so
it’s
better
to
leave
him
alone.
⑤She
felt
left
out
because
the
other
children
didn’t
play
with
her.
3.
take
the
place
of代替；取代
(1)
take
place
发生；进行
take
one’s
place
代替某人；某人入座/就位
(2)
in
place
of
代替
in
place
在适当的位置；准备就绪
out
of
place
未在适当的位置；不适当
【名师点拨】表达“代替某人”的动词短语：
①take
the
place
of
sb
②take
sb’s
place
③replace
sb
【活学活用】
(1)用place的相关短语的适当形式填空
①As
a
result
of
the
epidemic,
the
32nd
Summer
Olympics
will
take
place
in
Tokyo
in
2021.
②After
the
dinner,
an
expression
of
thanks
to
the
host
would
be
in
place.
③There
is
a
tendency
that
sending
e-mails
is
taking
the
place
of
writing
letters.
?
④Now,
everybody
take
his
place.
The
show
will
begin
in
a
minute.
⑤Robson
came
on
in
place
of
Wilkins
ten
minutes
before
the
end
of
the
game.
(2)一句多译
经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
①The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
his
place
to
attend
the
meeting.
②The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
the
place
of
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
③The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
replace
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
④The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
attend
the
meeting
in
place
of
him.
4.
break
down
(机器)出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；分解
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
break
in
插嘴；打断
break
into
闯入
break
out
爆发；发生
break
up
驱散；分散；打碎；分手
break
through
突破
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中break
down的含义
①The
peace
talks
broke
down
with
no
agreement
reached.
(谈判)失败
②Your
health
will
break
down
if
you
always
stay
up
late.
(身体)垮掉
③It
was
bad
luck
that
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
Beijing.
出故障
④Plastic
bags
are
difficult
to
break
down.
分解
(2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空
①I
hear
that
Jim
and
Mary
are
breaking
up.
②Last
night
somebody
broke
into
Mr.
White’s
house
and
took
away
a
lot
of
things.
③Warm
applause
broke
out
after
his
speech.
④The
Chinese
Scientists
have
broken
through
in
the
fight
against
COVID-19.
⑤The
elevator
broke
down
and
we
had
to
walk
up
to
the
tenth
floor.
【必备句型】
1.
Now
when
people
refer
to
England
you
find
Wales
included
as
well.
现在当人们提起英格兰时,你会发现威尔士也被包括在内。
【名师点拨】句型公式：find+宾语+宾补
(1)
find+宾语+doing
表示补语动作为主动和正在发生
(2)
find+宾语+done
表示补语动作为被动或已完成
(3)
“find+宾语+宾补”中的宾补可以是adj./adv./n./prep.短语等
【活学活用】
单句填空
①My
neighbour
found
her
front
door
broken
(break)
into
and
something
stolen
(steal)
when
she
came
back
from
shopping.
②As
he
was
getting
the
horse
ready
to
set
off,
he
found
the
road
blocked
(block).
③On
arriving
at
the
station,
he
found
his
wife
waiting
(wait)
to
meet
him.
2.
It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【名师点拨】句型公式：状语从句省略
(1)when/while/until/as/as
if/if/once/even
if/although/though等从属连词引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为无意义的it，并且从句谓语动词含有be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
(2)before/after
还可作介词，故一般不能用状语从句省略句型。
【活学活用】
微写作
①但是一旦把它们提起来，它们就要咬我。
But
once
(they
were)
picked
up,
they
tried
to
bite
me.
②尽管被警告了好几次，他们仍然不交作业。
Although
(they
were)
warned
several
times,
they
refused
to
hand
in
their
homework.
③除非邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日晚会。
Unless
(I’m)
invited,
I
won’t
go
to
her
birthday
party.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020新高考全国I卷完形填空】
Molai
built
at
the
top
of
each
sapling(幼树)
a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
(collect)
rainwater.
②【2019江苏卷】To
enjoy
the
convenience
(convenient)
of
digital
payment，many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
③【2020新高考全国I卷】Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention(二等奖)
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
④【2020全国II卷书面表达】We
were
divided
into
two
groups.
One
group
was
responsible
for
picking
fruits,
and
the
other
packed
up
the
fruits.
⑤【2020天津卷】Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
⑥【2020天津卷】Now
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement
(arrange).
⑦【2020新高考全国I卷】Remember,
even
world
champion
athletes
practice
their
skills
on
a
consistent
(consist)
basis.
⑧【2016全国Ⅲ卷·语法填空】Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
who
lived
from
roughly
(rough)
551
to
479
BC,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
⑨【2016全国Ⅰ卷·语法填空】Chengdu
has
dozens
of
new
millionaires,
Asia’s
biggest
building,
and
fancy
new
hotels.
But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
attraction
(attract).
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020天津卷书面表达】When
I
am
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them.
When
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them
(用状语从句省略来升级)
②【2019天津卷书面表达】
We’re
very
happy
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
We’re
more
than
delighted
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，你校的外教Lucy打算下周末去北京进行一次短途旅行，希望你推荐一个最值得去的景点。请你用英文回信，向她推荐颐和园。内容包括：
①简要介绍颐和园(中国现存最完整的皇家花园，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥等)；
②如有需要，愿意陪同前往。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①很高兴得知你要去北京进行一次短途旅行，我想向你推荐颐和园。
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
will
take
a
short
trip,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you.
②颐和园是中国现存的最完整的皇家花园。
It
is
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
③颐和园是一个著名的旅游胜地，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥和许多其他迷人的自然风景。
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
④漫步在园中，你也许会奇怪古代中国人竟然能建造如此壮观的建筑物。
When
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
⑤列出你想看的地方的清单，你就不会遗漏任何景点。(have
sth
done,
过去分词作宾补)
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
⑥参观颐和园时，留心看以使你的旅行愉快。
While
you
are
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
⑦如有需要，我愿意陪同前往，在途中向你详细描述颐和园。
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用名词短语作同位语合并句①和句②
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
②利用状语从句的省略形式升级句⑥
While
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Lucy,
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
Honestly
speaking,
when
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
Finally,
while
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
Yours,
Li
Hua必修5
Unit2
The
United
Kingdom
导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
kingdom
n.
王国
province
n.
省；行政区
union
n.
联合；联盟；结合；协会
currency
n.
货币；通货
institution
n.
制度；机制；公共机构
educational
adj.
教育的
nationwide
adj.
全国性的；全国范围的
historical
adj.
历史(上)的；有关历史的
architecture
n.
建筑学；建筑艺术
administration
n.
管理；行政部门
port
n.
港口(城市)
countryside
n.
乡下；农村
description
n.
描写；描述
fax
n.
传真(机)
vt.
用传真传输(文件)
sightseeing
n.
观光；游览
wedding
n.
婚礼
alike
adj.
相同的；类似的
royal
adj.
王室的；皇家的；高贵的
uniform
n.
制服
statue
n.
塑像；雕像
communism
n.
共产主义
original
adj.
最初的；原始的；独创的；
pot
n.
罐；壶
tense
n.
时态
二星写作词汇
unite
vi.
&
vt.
联合；团结
clarify
vt.
澄清；阐明
accomplish
vt.
完成；达到；实现
conflict
n.
矛盾；冲突
error
n.
错误；过失；谬误
credit
n.
信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
quarrel
n.
争吵;争论;吵架vi.
争吵;吵架
splendid
adj.
壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
plus
prep.
加上；和
adj.
加的；正的；零上的
collection
n.
收藏品；珍藏；收集collect
vt.
收集；募捐
unwilling
adj.
不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)反义：willing
adj.
乐意的；自愿的；心甘情愿的
rough
adj.
粗糙的；粗暴的roughly
adv.
粗略地；粗糙地
enjoyable
adj.
令人愉快的；使人高兴的enjoy
vt.
欣赏，享受；喜爱
possibility
n.
可能(性)
possible
adj.
可能的；合理的；合适的
fold
vt.
折叠；对折
反义：
unfold
vt.
打开；呈现
vi.
展开；显露
thrill
vt.
使激动；使胆战心惊thrilled
adj.
非常兴奋的；极为激动的
thrilling
adj.
毛骨悚然的；令人兴奋的；颤动的
三星高频词汇
consist
vi.
组成；在于；一致consistent
adj.
一致的
convenience
n.
便利；方便
convenient
adj.
方便的
attract
vt.
吸引；引起...注意
attractive
adj.
吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的
attraction
n.
吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物
opportunity
n.
机会；时机
arrange
vt.
筹备；安排；整理
arrangement
n.
布置；整理；准备；安排
delight
n.
快乐；高兴；喜悦
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜delighted
adj.
高兴的；乐意的
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【短语巧记】
consist
of/
be
made
up
of
由……组成
divide…into
把……分成
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
take
the
place
of
代替
break
down
(机器)损坏；破坏
refer
to
参考；查阅；指的是；涉及；谈到；认为
make
a
list
of
列……的清单
have
an
influence
on/upon对……有影响
leave
for
动身前往
to
one’s
surprise
让某人吃惊的是
in
memory
of
为了纪念
be
unwilling
to
do
不乐意做；不愿做
was
thrilled
by/at
对……激动不已
to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
【联想法巧记单词短语】
1.“to
one’s＋n.”必备短语荟萃
①to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉
②to
one’s
astonishment
令某人惊奇的是
③to
one’s
delight/joy
令某人高兴的是
④to
one’s
disappointment令某人失望的是
⑤to
one’s
regret
使某人感到遗憾的是
⑥to
one’s
shame
使某人惭愧的是
2.
前缀a?高频表语形容词大全
①alike
相同的；类似的
②asleep
睡着的
③alive
活的；有活力的
④awake
醒着的
⑤afraid
害怕的
⑥ashamed
羞愧的
【语法速递】
To
her
great
surprise,
Zhang
Pingyu
found
the
Queen’s
jewels
guarded
(guard)
by
special
royal
soldiers.
Then
just
as
she
came
out
of
the
abbey,
Pingyu
heard
the
famous
sound
of
the
clock,
Big
Ben,
ringing
(ring)
out
the
hour.
When
she
saw
many
visitors
enjoying
(enjoy)
looking
at
the
beautiful
old
Chinese
pots
and
other
objects
on
show,
she
felt
very
proud
of
her
country.
It
passes
through
Greenwich,
so
Pingyu
had
a
photo
taken
(take)
standing
on
either
side
of
the
line.
It
has
the
oldest
port
built
(build)
by
the
Romans
in
the
first
century
AD,
the
oldest
building
begun
(begin)by
the
Anglo-Saxons
in
the
1060s
and
the
oldest
castle
constructed
(construct)
by
later
Norman
rulers
in
1066.
But
she
was
thrilled
by
so
many
wonderful
treasures
from
different
cultures
displayed
(display)
in
the
museum.
It
seemed
strange
that
the
man
who
had
developed
communism
should
have
lived
(live)
and
died
in
London.
What
interested
her
most
was
the
longitude
line.
【典句仿写】
1.
“keep/make＋宾语＋宾补”
结构
【课文原句】You
must
keep
your
eyes
open
if
you
are
going
to
make
your
trip
to
the
United
Kingdom
enjoyable
and
worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。
【仿写】Keeping
the
environment
clean
and
free
of
pollution
is
the
key
step
to
make
life
healthy.保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。
2.
过去分词(v-ed)短语作状语
【课文原句】Worried
about
the
time
available,
Zhang
Pingyu
had
made
a
list
of
the
sites
she
wanted
to
see
in
London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了清单。
【仿写】Faced
with/Facing
so
many
new
things
to
learn,
I
was
at
a
loss
what
to
do.
面对这么多要学的新东西，不知道该做什么。
3.
状语从句的省略
【课文原句】It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【仿写】【2019北京卷书面表达】
While
picking
watermelons
on
the
farm,
I
realized
the
real
meaning
of
labour.
在农场摘西瓜的时候，我意识到了劳动的真正含义。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
convenience
n.
(不可数)便利；适宜；方便；(可数)便利的事物(或设施)
(1)
for
convenience
为了方便起见
for
the
convenience
of
为了……的方便
at
one’s
convenience
在某人方便的时候
(2)
convenient
adj.方便的；合适的
It
is
convenient
for
sb
to
do
sth
某人方便做某事
(3)
inconvenience
n.不方便；不便
inconvenient
adj.不方便的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He
used
his
wife’s
birthday
as
a
convenient
(convenience)
excuse
for
not
going
to
the
meeting.
?
②The
airport
is
quite
far
from
the
downtown
area,
but
it
is
still
more
convenient
(convenience)
than
taking
the
train.
③Gas
is
one
of
the
modern
conveniences
(convenient)
the
newly-built
apartment
building
provides.
(2)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】如果你方便的话，我们上午8：30在学校门口外面见面。
If
it
is
convenient
for
you,
let’s
meet
at
8：30
a．m.
outside
the
school
gate.
2.
attract
vt.
(to
arouse
interest
or
pleasure
in
sb/sth)吸引；引起注意
(1)
attract
one’s
attention
引起/吸引某人的注意
be
attracted
by
被……迷住,
被……吸引住
(2)
attraction
n.
魅力,吸引力；诱人之处；吸引人的地方/东西
(3)
attractive
adj.迷人的；
有魅力的；
引人注目的
be
attractive
to…
对……有吸引力
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Mountain
Tai
is
known
for
its
fantastic
mountain
scenery,
attracting
(attract)
a
number
of
tourists
at
home
and
abroad.
②He
felt
himself
so
powerfully
attracted
(attract)
to
the
scientific
ideal.
③【2017全国卷Ⅲ】This
attractive
(attract)
tour
takes
you
to
some
of
San
Francisco’s
most
cheerful
holiday
scenes.
④The
Tower
of
London
is
one
of
the
most
popular
tourist
attractions
(attract)
in
London.
(2)微写作
①吸引人们到西湖的是它的自然美景和丰富的文化底蕴。
What
attracts
people
to
the
West
Lake
is
its
beautiful
scenery
and
rich
culture.
②它是维尼吉亚一年一度的传统节日，吸引着来自13个国家的人们。
It’s
an
annual
traditional
festival
in
West
Virginia,
attracting
people
from
13
countries.
3.
arrange
v.
安排；整理；排列；布置
(1)
arrange
to
do
sth
安排做某事
arrange
sth
for
sb
为某人安排某事
arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
安排某人做某事
(2)
arrangement
n.安排；排列；布置
make
arrangements
for…
为……做安排
【名师点拨】
(1)
“安排某人做某事”用arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
而不用arrange
sb
to
do
sth。
(2)
make
arrangements
(for
sth/for
sb
to
do
sth)中的arrangement
常用复数形式。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①There
is
no
need
to
worry,
Susan.
I
have
arranged
for
a
car
to
meet
your
parents
at
the
airport.
②If
you
are
interested,
please
sign
up
at
the
office
before
5：00
p．m.
next
Thursday
so
that
we
will
make
necessary
arrangements
(arrange)．
③As
previously
arranged
(arrange),
Dr
Baker
is
invited
to
deliver
a
speech
on
education
and
culture
sometime
in
August.
④He
was
surprised
to
find
his
room
thoroughly
cleaned
and
everything
arranged
(arrange)
in
perfect
order.
(2)微写作
①【2018全国Ⅱ卷书面表达】我们已经安排好这部短片将于明天下午四点到五点半在我们学校剧院放映。
We
have
arranged
for
the
short
film
to
be
on
show
from
16：00
to
17：30
at
our
school
theatre
tomorrow.
②父母为孩子们安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
Parents
arrange
everything
for
their
children
and
spare
no
effort
to
pave
the
way
for
their
success.
③就在记者招待会的前一天,他们安排作者见了一些读者。
It
was
on
the
day
before
the
press
conference
that
they
arranged
for
the
author
to
meet
a
number
of
readers.
4.
delight
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜
n.(不可数)高兴,喜悦；
(可数)乐事
(1)
It
delight
sb
that
…
让某人高兴的是
What
delight
sb
is
that
…
让某人高兴的是
(2)
take
delight
in
以……为乐
with
delight
高兴地；愉快地
to
one’s
delight
使某人高兴的是
It
is
a
delight
to
do…
很愉快/高兴去做某事
It
is
a
delight
that…
……是一件令人愉快/高兴的事
(3)
delighted
adj.
高兴的；快乐的
be
delighted
to
do
很高兴做某事
(4)
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It
is
a
delight
for
her
to
watch
her
daughter
dance
in
the
show.
②The
volunteers
also
take
delight
in
it,
while
bringing
joy,
care,
help
and
confidence
to
the
children.
③The
children
unwrapped
their
Christmas
presents
with
delight.
④I
am
delighted
to
come
(come)
to
New
York
at
the
beginning
of
New
Year
and
meet
with
you,
friends
both
old
and
new.
⑤What
he
saw
made
him
move
quickly
towards
the
door,
with
a
delighted
(delight)
smile
on
his
face.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国I卷书面表达】很高兴我有此机会给你讲讲一些中国的文化和餐桌礼仪的东西。
①I’m
more
than
delighted
to
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(delighted
adj.)
②Much
to
my
delight
/
To
my
great
delight,
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(to
one’s
delight)
③What
delights
me
greatly
is
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(what引导的主语从句)
④It
delights
me
greatly
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
vt.)
⑤It
is
a
great
delight
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
n.)
【常考短语】
1.
consist
of
由……组成
(1)
consist
of
无被动形式，一般不使用进行时态
be
made
up
of
(2)
consist
in＝lie
in
存在于；在于
consist
with
与……一致/相符
(2)
consistent
adj.
一致的；始终如一的
【名师点拨】不能用于被动语态和进行时态的几个常见短语：
consist
of
belong
to
come
into
being
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
company
consisting
(consist)
of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.
②Success
consists
in
the
ability
to
continue
efforts
through
failures.
③As
far
as
I
know,
this
club
consists
of
eight
members.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。
①The
short
film,
consisting
of/made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(分词短语)
②The
short
film,
which
consists
of/is
made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(定语从句)
2.
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
be/feel
left
out
被忽视(冷落)；感到被忽视(冷落)
9
leave…
alone
不管/不顾…；撇下…一个人
leave
behind
超过；离开；遗忘；把…抛在后面
leave
for
动身前往(某处)
leave
aside
搁置一边；不予考虑
【活学活用】
用leave相关短语的适当形式填空
①She
left
out
a
piece
of
important
detail
in
her
report
due
to
insufficient
preparation.
②Because
I
was
in
a
great
hurry,
I
left
my
coat
behind
in
the
bus.
③The
newly
married
couple
are
leaving
for
their
honeymoon.
④He’s
trying
to
pick
a
quarrel；
so
it’s
better
to
leave
him
alone.
⑤She
felt
left
out
because
the
other
children
didn’t
play
with
her.
3.
take
the
place
of代替；取代
(1)
take
place
发生；进行
take
one’s
place
代替某人；某人入座/就位
(2)
in
place
of
代替
in
place
在适当的位置；准备就绪
out
of
place
未在适当的位置；不适当
【名师点拨】表达“代替某人”的动词短语：
①take
the
place
of
sb
②take
sb’s
place
③replace
sb
【活学活用】
(1)用place的相关短语的适当形式填空
①As
a
result
of
the
epidemic,
the
32nd
Summer
Olympics
will
take
place
in
Tokyo
in
2021.
②After
the
dinner,
an
expression
of
thanks
to
the
host
would
be
in
place.
③There
is
a
tendency
that
sending
e-mails
is
taking
the
place
of
writing
letters.
?
④Now,
everybody
take
his
place.
The
show
will
begin
in
a
minute.
⑤Robson
came
on
in
place
of
Wilkins
ten
minutes
before
the
end
of
the
game.
(2)一句多译
经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
①The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
his
place
to
attend
the
meeting.
②The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
the
place
of
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
③The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
replace
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
④The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
attend
the
meeting
in
place
of
him.
4.
break
down
(机器)出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；分解
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
break
in
插嘴；打断
break
into
闯入
break
out
爆发；发生
break
up
驱散；分散；打碎；分手
break
through
突破
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中break
down的含义
①The
peace
talks
broke
down
with
no
agreement
reached.
(谈判)失败
②Your
health
will
break
down
if
you
always
stay
up
late.
(身体)垮掉
③It
was
bad
luck
that
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
Beijing.
出故障
④Plastic
bags
are
difficult
to
break
down.
分解
(2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空
①I
hear
that
Jim
and
Mary
are
breaking
up.
②Last
night
somebody
broke
into
Mr.
White’s
house
and
took
away
a
lot
of
things.
③Warm
applause
broke
out
after
his
speech.
④The
Chinese
Scientists
have
broken
through
in
the
fight
against
COVID-19.
⑤The
elevator
broke
down
and
we
had
to
walk
up
to
the
tenth
floor.
【必备句型】
1.
Now
when
people
refer
to
England
you
find
Wales
included
as
well.
现在当人们提起英格兰时,你会发现威尔士也被包括在内。
【名师点拨】句型公式：find+宾语+宾补
(1)
find+宾语+doing
表示补语动作为主动和正在发生
(2)
find+宾语+done
表示补语动作为被动或已完成
(3)
“find+宾语+宾补”中的宾补可以是adj./adv./n./prep.短语等
【活学活用】
单句填空
①My
neighbour
found
her
front
door
broken
(break)
into
and
something
stolen
(steal)
when
she
came
back
from
shopping.
②As
he
was
getting
the
horse
ready
to
set
off,
he
found
the
road
blocked
(block).
③On
arriving
at
the
station,
he
found
his
wife
waiting
(wait)
to
meet
him.
2.
It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【名师点拨】句型公式：状语从句省略
(1)when/while/until/as/as
if/if/once/even
if/although/though等从属连词引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为无意义的it，并且从句谓语动词含有be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
(2)before/after
还可作介词，故一般不能用状语从句省略句型。
【活学活用】
微写作
①但是一旦把它们提起来，它们就要咬我。
But
once
(they
were)
picked
up,
they
tried
to
bite
me.
②尽管被警告了好几次，他们仍然不交作业。
Although
(they
were)
warned
several
times,
they
refused
to
hand
in
their
homework.
③除非邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日晚会。
Unless
(I’m)
invited,
I
won’t
go
to
her
birthday
party.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020新高考全国I卷完形填空】
Molai
built
at
the
top
of
each
sapling(幼树)
a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
(collect)
rainwater.
②【2019江苏卷】To
enjoy
the
convenience
(convenient)
of
digital
payment，many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
③【2020新高考全国I卷】Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention(二等奖)
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
④【2020全国II卷书面表达】We
were
divided
into
two
groups.
One
group
was
responsible
for
picking
fruits,
and
the
other
packed
up
the
fruits.
⑤【2020天津卷】Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
⑥【2020天津卷】Now
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement
(arrange).
⑦【2020新高考全国I卷】Remember,
even
world
champion
athletes
practice
their
skills
on
a
consistent
(consist)
basis.
⑧【2016全国Ⅲ卷·语法填空】Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
who
lived
from
roughly
(rough)
551
to
479
BC,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
⑨【2016全国Ⅰ卷·语法填空】Chengdu
has
dozens
of
new
millionaires,
Asia’s
biggest
building,
and
fancy
new
hotels.
But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
attraction
(attract).
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020天津卷书面表达】When
I
am
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them.
When
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them
(用状语从句省略来升级)
②【2019天津卷书面表达】
We’re
very
happy
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
We’re
more
than
delighted
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，你校的外教Lucy打算下周末去北京进行一次短途旅行，希望你推荐一个最值得去的景点。请你用英文回信，向她推荐颐和园。内容包括：
①简要介绍颐和园(中国现存最完整的皇家花园，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥等)；
②如有需要，愿意陪同前往。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①很高兴得知你要去北京进行一次短途旅行，我想向你推荐颐和园。
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
will
take
a
short
trip,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you.
②颐和园是中国现存的最完整的皇家花园。
It
is
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
③颐和园是一个著名的旅游胜地，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥和许多其他迷人的自然风景。
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
④漫步在园中，你也许会奇怪古代中国人竟然能建造如此壮观的建筑物。
When
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
⑤列出你想看的地方的清单，你就不会遗漏任何景点。(have
sth
done,
过去分词作宾补)
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
⑥参观颐和园时，留心看以使你的旅行愉快。
While
you
are
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
⑦如有需要，我愿意陪同前往，在途中向你详细描述颐和园。
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用名词短语作同位语合并句①和句②
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
②利用状语从句的省略形式升级句⑥
While
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Lucy,
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
Honestly
speaking,
when
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
Finally,
while
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
Yours,
Li
Hua
