高中语法--倒装(讲解及练习)

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名称 高中语法--倒装(讲解及练习)
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更新时间 2011-12-04 18:23:59

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高中语法--倒装
I. 完全倒装
谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子,就是完全倒装结构。
1. 表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语,如here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room等置于 句首,且主语是名词时。如:
Out rushed the children.
Away the plane flew.
In she came.
Here you are.
2. such位于句首时,意为“这(些)就是……”。such多被认为是表语,such后的be动词应与其后的主 语保持一致。如:
Such was Nelson Mandela, a modern hero.
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
II. 部分倒装
只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子,叫做部分倒装句。
1. only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。如:
We can learn English well in this way. → Only in this way ____________________________________.
When he returned we find out the truth. → Only when he returned ______________________________.
He can answer the question. → Only he ___________________________________________________.
注意:① only修饰状语从句时,从句不可倒装。
② only修饰主语时,句子不可倒装。
2. 否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表示否定意义的介词短语at no time,
under/ in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。如:
I have never seen such a moving movie. → Never __________________________________________.
I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark. → Hardly _______________________________.
3. 六个重要的固定句型:
(1) …so + be/助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语 “……也如此”
此句型也可改写为: “it is the same with…”或 “so it is with…”。如:
They love having lots of friends; so________ Lucy. / it is the same with Lucy. / so it is with Lucy.
注意:如果句意不是“……也如此“;而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和,那么句子不可倒装,即要用
“… so + 主语 + be/助动词/ 情态动词” 结构。如:
A: It is cold. B: So it is.
A: He is lazy. B: So is she.
(2) neither/ nor + be/助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语 “……也不这样”
Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither/ nor_________ Lucy.
(3) So+ adj. / adv. … that… “如此……以至于……”
He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood. →
So clearly _________________________________________________________.
(4) Neither…, nor…. “既不……,也不……”
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
(5) Not only…, but also… “不仅……而且……” (前倒后不倒)
Not only…, but…
Not only…, but… as well
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but (also) medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.
(6) Not until… “直到……才……” (until从句不倒装,主句需要倒装)
We didn’t have supper until he returned. → Not until he returned did we have supper.
I can’t fall asleep until 4:00 in the morning. → ___________________________________________.
4. if省略的条件状语从句(虚拟语气):
在条件状语从句中,可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首,变为倒装句式。
If I were at school again, I would study harder. → _________________________________________.
If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. → _________________________.
If it should snow tomorrow, we would not go to school. → __________________________________.
If it were not for the expense, I would go abroad now. → ____________________________________.
III. 形式倒装
形式上的倒装在语法中称为“前置”。即只把强调的内容放在句首,句子的主谓并不倒装。常见句型:
1. 感叹句
What a useful dictionary I have!
How useful the dictionary is!
2. the + 比较级,the + 比较级
If you work harder, you will make greater progress.
→ The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
3. whatever/ however + adj./ adv. 引导的让步状语从句
However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out today.
Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
4. as引导让步状语从句时采用倒装形式的情况(从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,
若表语是单数名词或形容词的最高级,前置时要省略冠词):
(1) 表语的倒装
Though he was tired, he still went on with his work.
→ Tired though/ as he was, he still went on with his work.
Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
→ ____________________________________________.
Though he is the youngest in our class, he speaks English the best.
→ __________________________________________________.
(2) 谓语动词的倒装:实义动词原形+ as + 情态动词或助动词
Though he might try, he didn’t pass the exam. → Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam.
Though we lost money, we got a lot of experience. → ___________________________________.
(3) 状语的倒装:
Though I studied hard, I couldn’t catch up with my classmates.
→ _______________________________________________________.
Though he likes the bike much, he doesn’t want to buy it.
→ _______________________________________________________.
【提高练习】
1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t I realize B. did I realize C. I didn’t realize D. I realized
2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.
A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you
3. If you don’t go, neither ____.
A. shall I B. do I C. I do D. I shall
4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.
A. had I got, when B. I had got, than
C. had I got, than D. did I get, when
5. -- Your father is very strict with you.
-- ____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours
A. So he is B. So is he C. He is so D. So does he
6. ____ today, he would get there by Sunday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave
7. Never in my life ____ such a thing.
A. I have heard or have seen B. have I heard or seen
C. I have heard or seen D. did I hear or see
8. -- Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu
-- There ____.
A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus, he is
C. the bus comes, is he D. the bus comes, he is
9. ____, I will not buy it.
A. Much as do I like it B. As much I like it
C. Much as I like it D. As I like it much
10. -- I like football. I don’t like volleyball.
-- ____.
A. So do I B. Neither do I
C. So it is with me D. So is it with me
11. Not until all the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was.
A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized
C. the villagers did realize D. didn’t the villagers realize
12. Little ______ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself.
A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared
13. ______ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not
C. Had it not been D. If they were not
14. —David has made great progress recently.
—__________, and __________.
A. so he has; so you have B. so he has; so have you
C. so has he; so have you D. so has he; so you have
15. —It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.
—My God! __________.
A. So did I B. So I did
C. So were you D. So did you
16. Not a single song ____ at yesterday’s party.
A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing
17. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ____ so happy!
A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt
18. So difficult _______ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.
A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel
19. What would have happened _______, as far as the river bank
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
20. Only when the war was over _______ to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
21. _______ can you expect to get a pay rise.
A. With hard work B. Although work hard
C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard
22. —You forgot your purse when you went out.
—Good heavens,_______.
A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did
23. Not only _______ interested in football but _______ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is;all his students are B. the teacher himself is;are all his students
C. is the teacher himself;are all his students D. is the teacher himself;all his students are
24. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _______ with each other.
A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled
C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled
25. Only when your identity has been checked, _______.
A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in
C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in
26. Only in this way _______ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
27. -I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
-_______ .
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I
28. ______ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
29. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _______ such a beautiful palace.
A. can you find B. you could find
C. you can find D. could you find
30. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _______ any end to their influence on man’s lives.
A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there
31. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _______ the importance of studies.
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
32. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______.
A. so does John B. John does too
C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
33. They have a good knowledge of English but little _____ they know about German.
A. have B. did C. had D. do
34. Never before ____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.
A. has this city been B. this city has been
C. was this city D. this city was
35. In the dark forests _____, some large enough to hold several English towns.
A.stand many lakes B.lie many lakes
C.many lakes lie D.many lakes stand
36. _______ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A. so curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious
37. Only after my friend came _______.
A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computer
C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired
38. — Father, you promised!
—Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.
A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did
39. -Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
-_______, and so did I.
A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she
40. —Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast.
— _______ .
A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does
41. —Did Linda see the traffic accident
—No, no sooner _______ than it happened.
A. had she gone B. she had gone
C. has she gone D. she has gone
42. Just in front of our house _______ with a history of 1,000 years.
A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree
C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands
43. --It’s burning hot today, isn’t it
--Yes. _______ yesterday.
A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it
44. So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found
45. —I reminded you not to forget the appointment.
— _______ .
A. So you did B. So I do not C. So did you D. So do I
46. Never in my wildest dreams ___ these people are living in such poor conditions.
A. I could imagine B. could I imagine
C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine
47. At the foot of the mountain _______.
A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village
48. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied
49. Only then _______ how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize
50. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party _______.
A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will
51. -- How was the televised debate last night
-- Super! Rarely _____ so much media attention.
A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract
C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate
52. Seldom ______ video games ever since they entered college.
A. they have played B. they played
C. have they played D. they have played
53. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ______ to return to their homes.
A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted
C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted
54. _______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
A. Such B. This C. That D. So
55. For a moment nothing happened. Then _____ all shouting together.
A. voices had come B. came voices
C. voices would come D. did voices come
56. John opened the door. There _____ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
57. Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was for him.
A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun
58. Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if B. when C. since D. as
59. --It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!
--I’m glad you like it.
A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I
参考答案:
模拟练习01-05 BDACA 06-10 CBBCC
1995---2003年高考题11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CDDCA 21-26 CBDCD C
2004年高考题27-31 BBACD
2005年高考题32-36 DDABB 37-40 CDCA
2006年高考题41-45 ABABA 46-59 BBDC
2007--2011年高考题50-54 BBCCA 55-59 BDABC