宾语从句和表语从句
1.
The
Qingming
Festival,
now
a
national
holiday,
allows
more
people
to
pay
their
respects
to
dead
s
on????????
would
otherwise
be
a
workday
like
Friday.
A.
where?????????????
B.
that
C.
when?????????????
D.
what
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:
清明节，现在是一个国家节日，允许更多的人在周五这样的工作日向死去的亲人表达敬意。介词
on
后跟的是宾语从句。宾语从句缺主语应用
what。A、C选项是关系副词，不能做主语。that
在宾语从句中不做句子成分。故选D。
【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词在从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
2.
They
didn't
discover
until
they
happened
to
enter
the
back
room
_________
someone
had
stolen
the
priceless
painting.
A.
that?????????????
B.
what?????????????
C.
which?????????????
D.
when
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：直到他们碰巧进入后屋，才发现有人偷了那幅无价的画。分析句子可知，“有人偷了那幅无价的画”在句中作动词discover的宾语，所以是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，而宾语从句中又不缺少任何成分，所以用连接词that引导该宾语从句。因为that在名词性从句中不做成分，无词意，而其它几个选项都是要在从句中做一定的句子成分的。故选A。
3.
Free
film
tickets
will
be
sent
to
_______
are
interested
in
film.
A.
whomever?????????????
B.
whoever?????????????
C.
no
matter
who?????????????
D.
whichever
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：凡是对电影感兴趣的人都将得到免费电影票。to
为介词后接宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少主语，根据句意，从句缺少表示人的主语，所以选择whoever，no
matter
who不能引导名词性从句。故选B项。
4.
I
know
nothing
about
the
young
lady
_______
she
is
from
Beijing.
A.
except?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
except
that?????????????
D.
except
for
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：除了知道这位年轻女士是北京人外，我对她一无所知。固定搭配：except
that“除……之外”，后跟完整的句子；引导宾语从句，except
for“除……之外”，后跟名词、代词宾格和动名词等，但不能跟完整的句子，该句中she
is
from
Beijing是完整的句子。故选C。
5.
Then
he
told
me
_______
he
was
doing
was
very
important.
A.
that?????????????
B.
that
how?????????????
C.
what
that?????????????
D.
why
what
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查宾语从句和主语从句。句意：然后他告诉我为什么他所做的事情非常重要。动词told后面是why引导的宾语从句；从句中的主语是主语从句，主语从句缺少引导词，同时谓语动词was
doing没有宾语，所以由what指代“他正在做的事情”。故选D。
6.
I
want
to
know
_______.
A.
what
matter
it
is?????????????
B.
what’s
the
matter
C.
what
the
matter
is?????????????
D.
the
matter
is
what
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：我想知道发生了什么事。动词know后面是宾语从句，连接代词what既引导宾语从句，又做宾语从句的主语，所以语序不变。故选B。
7.
Literature
is
a
kind
of
intellectual
light,
just
like
the
light
of
the
sun,
sometimes
enabling
us
to
see
________we
do
not
like.
A.
what?????????????
B.
how?????????????
C.
when?????????????
D.
that
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：文学是一种智慧之光，就像阳光一样，有时能使我们看到我们不喜欢的东西。A.
what什么；B.
how如何；C.
when当……的时候；D.
that引导名词性从句，无实义，只起连接作用。分析句子结构可知，此处是see的宾语从句，宾语从句缺少like的宾语，应使用连接词what指代“我们不喜欢的东西”。故选A。
【点睛】1.引导词what与that在引导名词性从句的用法区别：引导主语、宾语或表语从句时，what在从句中要充当句子成分；而that引导主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句时，不作任何成分，只起语法连接作用。如本题中，分析句子结构可知，此处是see的宾语从句，宾语从句缺少like的宾语，应使用连接词what指代“我们不喜欢的东西”。故选A。
2.引导词what与that在引导定语从句的用法区别：首先，要记住在定语从句中，根本不用what连接词。只有that和which。所以大家在做题中。如果是定语从句，就不要再考虑what了。that在定语从句中，一般可以作从句的主语、宾语和表语。例如：
Do
you
still
remember
the
chicken
farm
____
we
visited
three
months
ago?
A.
where??
B.?
when??
C.
that??
D.
what
此处是定语从句，关系词在从句中作visit的宾语，应选C项；what不能引导定语从句。
8.
Hearing
the
son
paid
little
attention
to
the
marriage
and
_________
he
remained
_________with
his
work,
the
mother
was
quite
anxious
if
he
could
find
a
girlfriend.
A.
/,
occupied?????????????
B.
that,
to
be
occupied
C.
/,
to
be
occupied?????????????
D.
that,
occupied
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查宾语从句和过去分词。句意：听到儿子对婚姻不重视，而且他仍忙于工作，妈妈为他是否能找到一名女朋友十分焦虑。第一空是that引导的宾语从句，因为它前面有一个that（已省）引导的宾语从句，则第二个that不能省略；第二空be
occupied
with专心于……，remain是连系动词，相当于be，则第二空填occupied。故选D。
9.
Jack
is
pleased
with
________
you
have
given
him
and
all
________
you
have
told
him.
A.
that,
what?????????????
B.
what,
that?????????????
C.
which,
what?????????????
D.
that,
which
【答案解析】
B
【详解】本题考查宾语从句和定语从句。解题步骤：1.
确定第一空：________
you
have
given
him是宾语从句，作with的宾语，空格处在从句中作宾语，表示“所……的”故用what；2.
确定第二空：________
you
have
told
him.为定语从句，先行词是all，在定语从句中作主语，关系词要用that。句意：杰克对你给他的一切和你告诉他的一切都很满意。综上，故选B。
10.
Filled
with
anger,
a
person
tends
to
say
______
comes
to
his
mind.
A.
whatever?????????????
B.
whichever?????????????
C.
whenever?????????????
D.
whoever
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：一个人生气时，容易脑子里有什么就说什么。tend
to
say…意为“倾向于说”，say为及物动词，可知后面句子为宾语从句。该宾语从句缺少主语，排除whenever,再结合意思应该是“不论什么”来到他的脑海中，而不是“无论谁”或“哪一个”，因为这里没有选择范围。故选A。
【点睛】分析宾语从句的连接词，首先要分析句子缺少什么成分；其次，要结合句子意思来确定具体的连接词。如本题say的宾语从句缺少主语，要选择关系代词。本题还有一难点，就是要弄清楚what和which，whatever和whichever的区别。一般地，what/whatever
没有范围；which/whichever是在有范围之内的一种选择。
例如：
I
don’t
know
what
he
likes
to
eat.
Ask
him
which
he
likes
best,
the
green
apple
or
the
red
apple.
11.
—What’s
your
understanding
of
success,Robert?
—In
my
view,success
is________preparation
and
chances
meet.
A.
how?????????????
B.
why?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
where
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：——罗伯特，你对成功的理解是什么?——在我看来，成功是准备和机会相遇的地方。分析句子可知，此句为表语从句，用连接副词where引导，在从句中作地点状语，表示“……的地方”。故选D。
12.
The
final
decision
is
____
Bob
will
carry
out
this
difficult
task.
A.
that?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
who?????????????
D.
whether
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：最后的决定是鲍勃将会执行最艰难的任务。分析句中可知，这里是考查表语从句，从句不缺少任何成分且句意完整，所以用that连接。故选A。
13.
Thor
is
no
longer
_______
he
was
two
years
ago.
A.
that?????????????
B.
who?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
which
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：Thor不再是两年前的样子了。that引导表语从句时在从句中不做成分；who表示的是自然人本身，也就是说某个确定的人。就本题而言，不论过了多少年，Thor始终是Thor本人，因此不用who
he
was，而what则同时包含年龄、成绩、环境等等附着在自然人身上的各种属性，因此，为了准确地表达出人的状态发生变化的语义，用what而不是who；which意为“哪个，哪些”，不合乎句意的需要。故选C。
14.
It
sounds
_______
the
situation
is
unlikely
to
improve.
A.
as
if?????????????
B.
how?????????????
C.
as?????????????
D.
so
that
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：听起来情况似乎不太可能改善。A.
as
if好像；B.
how如何；C.
as正像；D.
so
that因此。句中sound“听起来”，是连系动词，结合句意后面是as
if引导的表语从句。故选A。
15.
You
are
saying
that
he
is
dishonest,
and
this
is
????
I
disagree.
A.
why?????????????
B.
where?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
which
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：你是说他不诚实，在这一点上我不同意。此处be动词后面是一个表语从句，从句缺少引导词，disagree“不同”是不及物动词，排除C/D项，结合句意可知选B项。
16.
Is
this______we
met
them
last
night?
A.
where?????????????
B.
place?????????????
C.
place
in
which?????????????
D.
place
which
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查表语从句的引导词。句意：这是我们上次见面的地方吗？分析句子的结构可知：设空处应引导表语从句，结合句意，从句缺少地点状语。故答案为A。
17.
Robots
can
be
reprogrammed
by
a
computer
to
do
another
one
after
completing
one
specific
task,
and
this
is
______
automatic
machines
differ.
A.
because?????????????
B.
what
C.
where?????????????
D.
how
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：机器人可以通过计算机重新编程，在完成一项特定任务后，再执行另一项任务，这就是自动机器的不同之处。because因为；what什么；……的；where在哪里；……的地方；how如何。根据句意，引导词在该表语从句中作地点状语，用where，故选C。
18.
The
traditional
view
is
_____________
we
sleep
because
our
brain
is
＂programmed＂
to
make
us
do
so.
A.
when?????????????
B.
why
C.
whether?????????????
D.
that
【答案解析】
D
【详解】
考查表语从句。句意：传统观点认为，我们之所以睡觉是因为大脑中有“程序”让我们这么做。分析句子可知，此处不缺少任何成分，when做时间状语，why做原因状语，根据句意，故排除A、B；表语从句中的内容是确定的，故排除C。that引导表语从句，不作成分，无词义，仅起引导作用，故选D。
19.
The
greatest
discovery
of
our
generation
is
_____
a
human
being
can
change
his
life
by
changing
his
attitudes.
A.
that?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
how
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们这一代人最大的发现是，一个人可以通过改变他的态度来改变他的生活。此处be动词后面是一个表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，引导词that只其引导作用，无词义，符合语境，故选A。
20.
The
truth
is_______it
is
too
foggy
for
the
bus
to
run_______far．（ ）
A．that；
that?????????????
B．/；
that?????????????
C．that；
/?????????????
D．/；
/
【答案解析】
A．
考查表语从句．句意：事实是这么大的雾，车不能开这么远．is
后面的是表语从句，从句从意思到成分都是完整的，所以选择不担任成分又没有意义的that；第二个that修饰形容词far，那么远．宾语从句和表语从句
1.
The
Qingming
Festival,
now
a
national
holiday,
allows
more
people
to
pay
their
respects
to
dead
s
on????????
would
otherwise
be
a
workday
like
Friday.
A.
where?????????????
B.
that
C.
when?????????????
D.
what
2.
They
didn't
discover
until
they
happened
to
enter
the
back
room
_________
someone
had
stolen
the
priceless
painting.
A.
that?????????????
B.
what?????????????
C.
which?????????????
D.
when
3.
Free
film
tickets
will
be
sent
to
_______
are
interested
in
film.
A.
whomever?????????????
B.
whoever?????????????
C.
no
matter
who?????????????
D.
whichever
4.
I
know
nothing
about
the
young
lady
_______
she
is
from
Beijing.
A.
except?????????????
B.
that?????????????
C.
except
that?????????????
D.
except
for
5.
Then
he
told
me
_______
he
was
doing
was
very
important.
A.
that?????????????
B.
that
how?????????????
C.
what
that?????????????
D.
why
what
6.
I
want
to
know
_______.
A.
what
matter
it
is?????????????
B.
what’s
the
matter
C.
what
the
matter
is?????????????
D.
the
matter
is
what
7.
Literature
is
a
kind
of
intellectual
light,
just
like
the
light
of
the
sun,
sometimes
enabling
us
to
see
________we
do
not
like.
A.
what?????????????
B.
how?????????????
C.
when?????????????
D.
that
8.
Hearing
the
son
paid
little
attention
to
the
marriage
and
_________
he
remained
_________with
his
work,
the
mother
was
quite
anxious
if
he
could
find
a
girlfriend.
A.
/,
occupied?????????????
B.
that,
to
be
occupied
C.
/,
to
be
occupied?????????????
D.
that,
occupied
9.
Jack
is
pleased
with
________
you
have
given
him
and
all
________
you
have
told
him.
A.
that,
what?????????????
B.
what,
that?????????????
C.
which,
what?????????????
D.
that,
which
10.
Filled
with
anger,
a
person
tends
to
say
______
comes
to
his
mind.
A.
whatever?????????????
B.
whichever?????????????
C.
whenever?????????????
D.
whoever
11.
—What’s
your
understanding
of
success,Robert?
—In
my
view,success
is________preparation
and
chances
meet.
A.
how?????????????
B.
why?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
where
12.
The
final
decision
is
____
Bob
will
carry
out
this
difficult
task.
A.
that?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
who?????????????
D.
whether
13.
Thor
is
no
longer
_______
he
was
two
years
ago.
A.
that?????????????
B.
who?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
which
14.
It
sounds
_______
the
situation
is
unlikely
to
improve.
A.
as
if?????????????
B.
how?????????????
C.
as?????????????
D.
so
that
15.
You
are
saying
that
he
is
dishonest,
and
this
is
????
I
disagree.
A.
why?????????????
B.
where?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
which
16.
Is
this______we
met
them
last
night?
A.
where?????????????
B.
place?????????????
C.
place
in
which?????????????
D.
place
which
17.
Robots
can
be
reprogrammed
by
a
computer
to
do
another
one
after
completing
one
specific
task,
and
this
is
______
automatic
machines
differ.
A.
because?????????????
B.
what
C.
where?????????????
D.
how
18.
The
traditional
view
is
_____________
we
sleep
because
our
brain
is
＂programmed＂
to
make
us
do
so.
A.
when?????????????
B.
why
C.
whether?????????????
D.
that
19.
The
greatest
discovery
of
our
generation
is
_____
a
human
being
can
change
his
life
by
changing
his
attitudes.
A.
that?????????????
B.
which?????????????
C.
what?????????????
D.
how
20.
The
truth
is_______it
is
too
foggy
for
the
bus
to
run_______far．（ ）
A．that；
that?????????????
B．/；
that?????????????
C．that；
/?????????????
D．/；
/
