情态动词
1.
The
weather
turned
out
to
be
fine
yesterday;I?????
the
trouble
to
carry
my
umbrella
with
me.
A.
shouldn't
have
taken
B.
couldn't
have
taken
C.
needn't
have
taken
D.
mustn't
have
taken
2.
—I
have
no
idea
what
made
the
students
so
excited
and
crazy.
—______
it
have
been
their
team’s
victory
in
the
finals?
A.
Must?????????????
B.
Could
C.
Would?????????????
D.
Should
3.
You
_________
me
about
it
earlier,
but
you
didn't.
A.
should
have
told?????????????
B.
would
have
told
C.
must
have
told?????????????
D.
should
tell
4.
_______
you
succeed!
A.
Can?????????????
B.
May?????????????
C.
Must?????????????
D.
Will
5.
He
had
known
the
matter
before
you
told
him,
so
you
_________
have
told
it
to
him.
A.
mustn't?????????????
B.
can't?????????????
C.
needn't?????????????
D.
shouldn't
6.
The
girl
_________
out
alone
at
night.
A.
dare
not
go?????????????
B.
dare
not
to
go?????????????
C.
dares
not
go?????????????
D.
not
dare
go
7.
You
________
be
tired—you’ve
only
been
working
for
an
hour.
A.
must
not?????????????
B.
won’t?????????????
C.
can’t?????????????
D.
may
not
8.
Lily,
though
too
young
to
go
to
school,
_________
easily
recite
2000
poems.
A.
must?????????????
B.
can?????????????
C.
need?????????????
D.
should
9.
You________have
scolded
him
for
his
poor
performance.After
all,he
had
done
his
best.
A.
wouldn’t?????????????
B.
couldn’t?????????????
C.
mustn’t?????????????
D.
shouldn’t
10.
—Sorry,
Mum!
I
failed
the
job
interview
again.
—Oh,
it's
too
bad.
You________
have
made
full
preparations.
A.
must?????????????
B.
can?????????????
C.
would?????????????
D.
Should
11.
I
______
before
I
came
to
the
new
school,
for
my
classmates
here
are
very
friendly
to
me.
A.
mightn’t
worry?????????????
B.
mightn’t
have
worried
C.
needn’t
worry?????????????
D.
needn’t
have
worried
12.
According
to
the
law
in
our
city,
the
money
_____
be
divided
between
you
two.
A.
will?????????????
B.
should?????????????
C.
shall?????????????
D.
need
13.
—Where
is
my
dictionary?I
remember
I
put
it
here
yesterday.
—You___it
in
the
wrong
place.
A.
must
put?????????????
B.
should
have
put
C.
might
put?????????????
D.
might
have
put
14.
---
_____
I
go
out
to
play
now,
Mum?
---No,
you
_____.
You
should
do
your
homework
first.
A.
May;
had
better
not?????????????
B.
Must;
wouldn’t?????????????
C.
May;
needn’t?????????????
D.
Must;
mustn’t
15.
—I
heard
they
went
skiing
in
the
mountains
last
winter.
—It????
true
because
there
was
little
snow
there.
A.
may
be
not?????????????
B.
won’t
be?????????????
C.
couldn’t
be?????????????
D.
mustn’t
be
16.
--
Catherine,
I
have
cleaned
the
room
for
you.
---Thanks.
You
_______
it.
I
could
manage
it
myself.
A.
needn’t
do?????????????
B.
shouldn’t
have
done?????????????
C.
mustn’t
do?????????????
D.
needn’t
have
done
17.
It’s
vital
that
every
piece
of
equipment
________
be
checked
before
the
experiment.
A.
would?????????????
B.
could?????????????
C.
should?????????????
D.
might
18.
From
her
knowledge
of
Douglas's
habits，she
feels
sure
that
the
attacker
last
night
___________Douglas.
A.
mustn't
have
been?????????????
B.
can't
have
been
C.
shouldn't
have
been?????????????
D.
wouldn't
have
been
19.
---
I
stayed
at
a
hotel
while
in
New
York.
---
Oh,
did
you?
You
_____
with
my
sister
Barbara.
She
has
a
nice
apartment
in
downtown
Manhattan.
A.
might
stay?????????????
B.
could
have
stayed?????????????
C.
should
stay?????????????
D.
must
have
stayed
20.
It
has
been
announced
that
all
the
students
____
put
on
masks
before
going
to
school
in
case
they
are
infected
with
SARS
virus.
A.
shall?????????????
B.
will?????????????
C.
need?????????????
D.
may情态动词
1.
The
weather
turned
out
to
be
fine
yesterday;I?????
the
trouble
to
carry
my
umbrella
with
me.
A.
shouldn't
have
taken
B.
couldn't
have
taken
C.
needn't
have
taken
D.
mustn't
have
taken
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：结果昨天天气很好。我本没必要费劲随身带雨伞的。根据句意，应是“本不必要带雨伞，但实际上带了”；
shouldn't
have
done意思为“本不应该做，但实际上做了”；
needn't
have
done意思为“本来不必做……，但实际上做了”；couldn't
have
done表示对过去情况的否定推测，意思为“不可能做过……”；must
have
done表示对过去发生情况的肯定推测，意思为“一定已经，肯定已经”，不用于否定句。故选C项。
2.
—I
have
no
idea
what
made
the
students
so
excited
and
crazy.
—______
it
have
been
their
team’s
victory
in
the
finals?
A.
Must?????????????
B.
Could
C.
Would?????????????
D.
Should
【答案解析】
B
考查情态动词表推测。句意：——我不知道什么使学生们这么兴奋和疯狂？——可能是他们的队在决赛中获胜了吗？could
have
done表示对于过去事情的推测。could表推测，可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句，意为“可能“；must表推测，一般用于肯定句，表示十分肯定的推测；would用于对过去事情的推测，意为“大概”；should表推测，意为“按理应该”。
3.
You
_________
me
about
it
earlier,
but
you
didn't.
A.
should
have
told?????????????
B.
would
have
told
C.
must
have
told?????????????
D.
should
tell
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查情态动词+have
done。句意：你本该早点告诉我，但是你没有。根据句意可知，空白处表示本应该做而没有做，should
have
done
sth
表示“本应该做而没有做”，故选A。
4.
_______
you
succeed!
A.
Can?????????????
B.
May?????????????
C.
Must?????????????
D.
Will
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：祝你成功!。A.
Can能；B.
May可以，但愿；C.
Must必须；D.
Will希望。may放在句首，也是虚拟语气的一种，表示“祝愿、但愿”。故选B。
【点睛】情态动词may的用法
一、表可能性
这是may最基本的含义，表示有可能但不肯定，也就是“也许、可能”。否定形式是may
not，意思是may
not，意为“也许不、可能不”。情态动词里还有can和could也可以表示可能性，但它们会更有怀疑和犹豫之意。而may一般是推测较大的可能性。
E.g.
Li
Hua
didn’t
go
to
school,
he
may
be
sick.
李华今天没去学校，可能是生病了。
二、征求同意或表示允许
may有时也可以代替can表示允许，但may更多用在正式说法中。英国人经常用can，而美国人则用may更多。要注意的是，当may处于这种用法时，否定形式不能说may
not，应该说can’t或者mustn’t。
Eg.
May
I
borrow
your
rule
for
a
while?我能借一下你的尺子吗？
三、礼貌地评价或提问
may的这个用法可能很多人不知道，may可以用在句中也可以放在句首表示说话人对某一事物的看法或评价，也可以用来提问他人。当表示询问他人时，语气比较没有把握，但如果在间接句中只能用might不能用may。
Eg.
May
I
ask
you
about
your
family?我能问一下你的家庭情况吗？
四、表示愿望
may可以放在句首表示对他人的祈愿或者祝福，多用在正式场合，类似宗教做礼拜、婚礼上。
E.g.
May
you
both
be
very
happy
in
whole
life.愿你们一生都幸福。
五、表示目的
当may表目的的时候通常都会跟在so
that或in
order
to后面，如果要表示过去的目的，把may改成might就行了。
E.g.
He
work
hard
so
that
he
may
promote
and
increase
salary.他努力工作为了升职加薪。
六、和as
well搭配
may
as
well是很常见的词组，意思是“不妨、倒不如”，通常后面要加喻体和本体。感彩较为消极，有时就等同于had
better。
E.g.
We
may
as
well
buy
tickets
a
week
in
advance.我们最好提前一个星期买票。
5.
He
had
known
the
matter
before
you
told
him,
so
you
_________
have
told
it
to
him.
A.
mustn't?????????????
B.
can't?????????????
C.
needn't?????????????
D.
shouldn't
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在你告诉他之前他已经知道了这件事，因此你本不必要告诉他的。A.
mustn't不必；B.
can't不能；C.
needn't不需要；D.
shouldn't不应该。根据句意可知，
表示不必要而做了做的事，needn't
have
done
表“本来不必要做某事却做了（对过去的虚拟）”，故选C。
【点睛】经常用到的情态动词+have
done的结构和用法有以下几种：
一、must
have
done
sth.一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过……”，在否定句和疑问句中用can't或couldn't或can/
could，例如：The
light
was
out.
They
must
have
gone
to
bed.灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。
二、can/could
have
done
sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做
如：But
we
could
have
done
it
all
so
much
better.但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。
三、can't/couldn't
have
done
sth.不可能做过某事
如：I
could't
have
done
it
without
you.若是没有你，我不可能做到那样的。
四、ought
to/should
have
done
sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做
如：You
should
have
done
it
when
you
first
saw
them
blooming
this
spring.
你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。
五、need
have
done应该是表示本应该做某事却没有做,（否定形式needn't
have
done
表示本没有必要做某事而做了）。
如：You
needn't
have
stayed.你本没有必要留下来（实际却留下来了）。
6.
The
girl
_________
out
alone
at
night.
A.
dare
not
go?????????????
B.
dare
not
to
go?????????????
C.
dares
not
go?????????????
D.
not
dare
go
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个女孩晚上不敢一个人出门。dare做实意动词解时，后跟动词不定式且有人称和数的变化；dare做情态动词解时，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。该句的主语是the
girl，因此，如果用实义动词形式，应该用doesn’t
dare
to
go；如果用情态动词形式应该用dare
not
go。故选A。
7.
You
________
be
tired—you’ve
only
been
working
for
an
hour.
A.
must
not?????????????
B.
won’t?????????????
C.
can’t?????????????
D.
may
not
【答案解析】
C
【分析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你只工作了一个小时，所以你不可能累的。句中破折号后的内容对前一句进行解释说明。表示否定推测时用can’t，意为“不可能的”。must
not表示“不可以；不允许；不准”；won’t表示“不会”；may
not表示“可能不会”。故选C。
8.
Lily,
though
too
young
to
go
to
school,
_________
easily
recite
2000
poems.
A.
must?????????????
B.
can?????????????
C.
need?????????????
D.
should
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：Lili尽管太小不能去上学，她仍然能够轻易背出2000首诗。A.
must
必须；B.
can
能够；C.
need
需要；D.
should
应该。根据句意，前面说Lily太小了，后文说背诵诗，这里背诵诗表示的是一种能力，can表示能力，故选B。
【点睛】考查情态动词用法，先根据字面意思进行区分，这里can的用法有3种，一种表示能力，
第二种表示请求允许，第三种表示推测，这里是会背诵诗，是一种能力。
9.
You________have
scolded
him
for
his
poor
performance.After
all,he
had
done
his
best.
A.
wouldn’t?????????????
B.
couldn’t?????????????
C.
mustn’t?????????????
D.
shouldn’t
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不应该因为他表现不好而责备他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。A.
wouldn’t
“不会”；B.
couldn’t
不可能；C.
mustn’t
禁止，不允许；D.
shouldn’t不应该。固定搭配：shouldn’t
have
done“本不应该做而做了”。此处指“本不应该责备他而责备了”，故选D。
10.
—Sorry,
Mum!
I
failed
the
job
interview
again.
—Oh,
it's
too
bad.
You________
have
made
full
preparations.
A.
must?????????????
B.
can?????????????
C.
would?????????????
D.
Should
【答案解析】
D
试题分析：考查情态动词+have
done结构。A.must必须B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have
done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。该对话意思为：--对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了----噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。故选D
考点：考查考查情态动词+have
done结构
【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态动词+have
done”的用法区别等。
11.
I
______
before
I
came
to
the
new
school,
for
my
classmates
here
are
very
friendly
to
me.
A.
mightn’t
worry?????????????
B.
mightn’t
have
worried
C.
needn’t
worry?????????????
D.
needn’t
have
worried
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查情态动词的完成式。句意：在我去新学校之前我没有必要担忧，因为我这里的同学对我很友善。needn’t
have
done本没必要做某事，而实际上已经做了。根据下文for
my
classmates
here
are
very
friendly
to
me可知，此处指“我本不必担忧”。故选D。
【点睛】情态动词+
have
done结构：
1.“must
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It
must
have
rained
last
night,
for
the
ground
is
wet.
2.“can
/
could
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He
can't
have
finished
the
work
so
soon.
3.“may
/
might
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They
may
not
have
known
it
beforehand.
4.“need
+
have
+
过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I
needn't
have
bought
so
much
wine
—
only
five
people
came.
5.“should
/
ought
to
+
have
+
过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought
to的语气比should强一些。如：
You
ought
to
/
should
have
studied
harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）
He
oughtn't
to
/
shouldn't
have
done
that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）
6.“would
＋
have
＋
过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought
to那样含有责备之意.如：
I
guess
the
poet
would
have
been
about
twenty
when
she
wrote
her
first
poem.
Another
worker
wouldn't
have
acted
like
that.
12.
According
to
the
law
in
our
city,
the
money
_____
be
divided
between
you
two.
A.
will?????????????
B.
should?????????????
C.
shall?????????????
D.
need
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据我们城市的法律，这笔钱将由你们两人平分。A.
will将；B.
should应该；C.
shall将会；D.
need需要。根据句意和the
law可知这里表示“法律，法规”规定，用shall。故选C。
13.
—Where
is
my
dictionary?I
remember
I
put
it
here
yesterday.
—You___it
in
the
wrong
place.
A.
must
put?????????????
B.
should
have
put
C.
might
put?????????????
D.
might
have
put
【答案解析】
D
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。——你或许放错了地方。“might
have
+动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where
is
my
dictionary?
I
remember
I
put
it
here
yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might
have
+动词+ed形式”。“should
have
+
动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might
put表示现在发生的事。故选D。
14.
---
_____
I
go
out
to
play
now,
Mum?
---No,
you
_____.
You
should
do
your
homework
first.
A.
May;
had
better
not?????????????
B.
Must;
wouldn’t?????????????
C.
May;
needn’t?????????????
D.
Must;
mustn’t
【答案解析】
A
【详解】考查情态动词和had
better
(not)的用法。句意：---妈妈，我现在可以出去玩吗？---不，你最好不要。你应该先做作业。A.?
May可以，had
better
not
最好不；B.?
Must必须，
wouldn’t
不会；???
C.?
May可以，
needn’t不必；
D.?
Must必须，mustn’t
禁止。must必须；may可以；根据回答“You
should
do
your
homework
first.”可知问句是表请求，故第一空填may“可以”，第二个空填had
better
not“最好不要”。故选A。
15.
—I
heard
they
went
skiing
in
the
mountains
last
winter.
—It????
true
because
there
was
little
snow
there.
A.
may
be
not?????????????
B.
won’t
be?????????????
C.
couldn’t
be?????????????
D.
mustn’t
be
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。--不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。A.
may
be
not可能不；B.
won’t
be
不会；C.?
couldn’t
be不可能是；?
D.
mustn’t
be禁止。根据because
there
was
little
snow
there.可知这里是否定推测，couldn’t
be“不可能是”符合句意，故选C项。
16.
--
Catherine,
I
have
cleaned
the
room
for
you.
---Thanks.
You
_______
it.
I
could
manage
it
myself.
A.
needn’t
do?????????????
B.
shouldn’t
have
done?????????????
C.
mustn’t
do?????????????
D.
needn’t
have
done
【答案解析】
D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:
---凯瑟琳，我已经为你打扫了房间。
-
-
-谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A.
needn’t
do不必做某事；B.
shouldn’t
have
done本不应该做某事；
C.
mustn’t
do禁止做某事；D.
needn’t
have
done本不必做某事。由“Thanks.
I
could
manage
it
myself”可知，needn’t
have
done“
本不必做某事，而实际上做了某事”符合句意。故选D项。
17.
It’s
vital
that
every
piece
of
equipment
________
be
checked
before
the
experiment.
A.
would?????????????
B.
could?????????????
C.
should?????????????
D.
might
【答案解析】
C
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：实验前每一件设备都应该被检查一遍是很重要的。A.
would将会；B.
could能；C.
should应该；D.
might可能。根据“be
checked
before
the
experiment”可知，每一件设备都应该在实验前被检查一遍，故C项正确。
18.
From
her
knowledge
of
Douglas's
habits，she
feels
sure
that
the
attacker
last
night
___________Douglas.
A.
mustn't
have
been?????????????
B.
can't
have
been
C.
shouldn't
have
been?????????????
D.
wouldn't
have
been
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。句意：从她的Douglas的习惯知识，她觉得昨晚的攻击者不可能是Douglas。根据句中feels
sure
和last
night可知，这是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。固定结构：can’t
have
done“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去有把握的否定推测。故选B。
【点睛】情态动词+
have
done结构：
1.“must
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It
must
have
rained
last
night,for
the
ground
is
wet.
2.“can
/
could
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He
can't
have
finished
the
work
so
soon.
3.“may
/
might
+
have
+
过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They
may
not
have
known
it
beforehand.
4.“need
+
have
+
过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I
needn't
have
bought
so
much
wine—only
five
people
came.
5.“should
/
ought
to
+
have
+
过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought
to的语气比should强一些.如：
You
ought
to
/
should
have
studied
harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He
oughtn't
to
/
shouldn't
have
done
that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would
＋
have
＋
过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought
to那样含有责备之意.如：
I
guess
the
poet
would
have
been
about
twenty
when
she
wrote
her
first
poem.
Another
worker
wouldn't
have
acted
like
that.
19.
---
I
stayed
at
a
hotel
while
in
New
York.
---
Oh,
did
you?
You
_____
with
my
sister
Barbara.
She
has
a
nice
apartment
in
downtown
Manhattan.
A.
might
stay?????????????
B.
could
have
stayed?????????????
C.
should
stay?????????????
D.
must
have
stayed
【答案解析】
B
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我在纽约期间住在一家旅馆里。——哦,是吗?你本可以和我妹妹芭芭拉住在一起。她在曼哈顿市中心有一套很好的公寓。根据题干的时态判断说明是现在谈论过去的事情，因此要用情态动词＋have
done
的形式。且根据句意可知表示“本来可以但实际并没有”应用could
have
done。故选B。
【点睛】情态动词+have
done的结构和用法有以下几种：
一、must
have
done
sth.一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过…”，在否定句和疑问句中用can't或couldn't或can/
could，例如：
1.From
what
you
said,
she
must
have
told
you
all
about
it.
从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。
2.The
light
was
out.
They
must
have
gone
to
bed.
灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。
3.He
must
have
done
it
when
I
was
off
with
those
assholes.
他一定是趁我和那群混蛋一起的时候做的。
?二、can/could
have
done
sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做。
1.But
we
could
have
done
it
all
so
much
better.
但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。
2.If
you
do
a
good
job,
you
may
tell
yourself
that
it
wasn’t
good
enough
or
that
anyone
could
have
done
as
well.
比如你完成了一项出色的工作，你或许告诉你自己它不够好，任何人都可以做的像你一样好。
?三、can't/couldn't
have
done
sth.不可能做过某事。
1.I
could't
have
done
it
without
you.
若是没有你，我不可能做到那样的。
2.We
could't
have
done
it
without
you.
没有你我们办不成这事。
?
四、ought
to/should
have
done
sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。
1.You
should
have
done
it
when
you
first
saw
them
blooming
this
spring.
你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。
2.Even
if
it’s
something
you
should
have
done
earlier
in
the
week
or
missed
a
detail
on.
甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽了一个小细节。
20.
It
has
been
announced
that
all
the
students
____
put
on
masks
before
going
to
school
in
case
they
are
infected
with
SARS
virus.
A.
shall?????????????
B.
will?????????????
C.
need?????????????
D.
may
【答案解析】
A
考查情态动词。句意：学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染禽流感，这已经被广泛的接受。Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A项。
