2021中考英语专题复习学案之复合句（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
(十二)　复合句
近几年中考对复合句的考查主要包括宾语从句(包括直接引语与间接引语的互换)、状语从句和定语从句。预计2021年中考对宾语从句的考查重点是宾语从句的语序和时态，对状语从句的考查重点是连词的选择和时态，对定语从句的考查重点是关系代词的选用。
宾语从句与间接引语
用法:
当宾语从句或间接引语是由陈述句转换而来时，用that来引导从句或间接引语，其中的that无具体意义，一般可以省略。
例句;He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday.
He said(that) the bank was near the hotel.
当宾语从句或间接引语是由一般疑问句转换而来时，用if或whether来引导从句或间接引语，意思是“是否”。从句或间接引语用陈述语序。
She asked me if/whether she could join us.
He wondered if/whether the workers had finished the work.
当宾语从句或间接引语是由特殊疑问句转换而来时，特殊疑问词就是宾语从句或间接引语的引导词。从句或间接引语用陈述语序。
Do you know who broke the door？
She asked me whose pen that was.
特例清单
1．当宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来时，引导词用if或whether。如果从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：
I don't know whether she is in or not.我不知道她是否在里面。
They are talking about whether they will leave.他们正在谈论他们是否离开。
2．宾语从句中，主句为一般现在时，则从句可以根据实际需要用各种相应的时态。主句为一般过去时，则从句必须用过去的某种时态。如：
She wanted to know where you were going.她想知道你将去哪里。
3．宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，当主句的谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等词时，从句可简化为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
I didn't know what I could do.＝I didn't know what to do.我不知道我能做什么。
4．直接引语是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell/ask/order sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。如：
“Don't make any noise，”she said to the children.
→She told the children not to make any noise.她告诉孩子们不要制造噪音。
5．在宾语从句或间接引语中，如果叙述的是客观真理、客观事实等，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：
He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声音的传播速度要快得多。
6．直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和某些具有方向性的动词要作相应的变化。具体如下：
①指示代词：this→that；these→those
②时间状语：now→then；today→that day；
tonight→that night；
yesterday→the day before；
tomorrow→ next day；
this week→ that week；
next week→the next week；
two weeks ago→two weeks before；
last month→the month before
③地点状语：here→there
④谓语动词：come→go；bring→take
状语从句
分类:时间状语从句
连接词: when/while/as，before，after,since,until,as soon as
例句 : She was cooking when someone knocked at the door.
I didn't go to bed until she came back.
分类:条件状语从句
连接词: if，as long as，unless
例句 : I'll go to see you if I have time.
They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.
分类:原因状语从句
连接词: because，since，as，for
例句 : He didn't catch the first bus because he got up too late.
分类:目的状语从句
连接词: so that，in order that
例句 : Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it.
分类:结果状语从句
连接词: so that，so...that...，such...that...
例句 : It's so hot that we want to go swimming.
It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.
分类:让步状语从句
连接词: though/although，even if
例句：Although it's raining hard，they are still working hard in the field.
分类:比较状语从句
连接词: than，as...as...，not as/so...as...
例句：He ran as fast as Mike.
定语从句
关系代词；who，whom，which，that，whose
例句：The man who is working there is my brother.
This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday
The room whose window is open is mine.
关系副词：when，where，why
I still remember the day when you left for Beijing.
This is the school where my mother works.
特例清单
定语从句中引导词只能用that的情况：
1．当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用that。
2．当先行词为all，any，much，many等词时，只能使用that。
3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用that。如：
This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。
4．当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能使用that。如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
5．当先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用that。如：
This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。
6．先行词里同时含有人和物时，只能使用that。如：
They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论了他们在学校里记得的事情和人。
(十二)　复合句
【考点抢测】
1．Jenny just wondered ____ Angela already knew about the event.(2020·南京)
A．how soon B．how many C．how often D．how much
2．—We'd better ask the local people when we'll get to the next town.(2020·青海)
—We did.But nobody could say ____ it would take.
A．how often 　　　B．how far 　　　　　C．how long
3．Always tell your parents ____ you are going and ________ you expect to be home.(2020·天水)
A．what；where B．when；where
C．where；what D．where；when
4．—Wow! The school uniforms can tell parents ____！
—Cool! So the children won't get lost easily.(2020·重庆A卷)
A．where are their children
B．where their children are
C．what do their children study
D．what their children study
5．Laura, someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ____， please.(2020·长沙)
A．who is he 　　　B．who it is 　　　　　C．who is it
6．—Could you tell me ____？(2020·哈尔滨)
—There is nothing but some old model planes.
A．what's in the room
B．what can you see in the room
C．who in the room is
7．I have to say that's a wonderful plan. But I wonder ____. Next month? Or next year? We don't have that much time, I'm afraid.(2020·无锡)
A．how soon it will be carried out
B．how long it will be carried out
C．how soon will it be carried out
D．how long will it be carried out
8．My cousin will drive me to school today，but I don't know ____．(2020·河北)
A．what he'll do B．where he'll go
C．when we'll leave D．why we'll go there
9．—Could you tell me ____？
—Throwing off poverty (脱贫)．(2020·福建)
A．who people often talk about this year
B．what people often talk about this year
C．which do people often talk about this year
10．—What will you remember most after leaving junior high school?
—I will always remember ____．(2020·滨州)
A．how my friends and teachers used to help me
B．when did my friends and teachers arrive
C．where could my friends and teachers meet
D．what did the teachers say to me
【考点抢测】
1．There ____ a basketball game next Monday. If it ________ we'll have to put it off.(2020·云南)
A．is going to have；will rain
B．is going to have；rains
C．is going to be；rains
D．is going to be；will rain
2．It has been two months since my father ____ for Italy.(2020·龙东)
A．was left 　　　B．left 　　　　　C．leaves
3．—____ did the rainstorm come, Mr. Liu?
—While we ________ a chemistry lesson yesterday afternoon.(2020·黔东南州)
A．When；have had B．When；were having
C．While；are having D．While；have
4．The story is ____ interesting ________ everybody likes it very much.(2019·新疆)
A．very；that B．so；that
C．such；that D．such；because
5．—Son，you have never been abroad，I'm worried about you.
—Don't worry，mom.As soon as I ____，I ________ you.(2019·鄂州)
A．will arrive；call B．will arrive；will call
C．arrive；will call D．arrive；call
【考点抢测】
1．The book ____ cover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.(2020·成都)
A．which 　　　B．whose 　　　　　C．that
2．We'll never forget those ____ lost their lives for our country.(2020·青海)
A．who 　　　B．which 　　　　　C．whom
3．Du Fu is a great Chinese poet ____ has become popular with many people around the world.(2020·福建)
A．which 　　　B．whom 　　　　　C．who
4．This is the CD ____ I bought last year.(2020·吉林)
A．who 　　　B．that 　　　　　C．whom
5．Our teacher told us a funny story ____ made us laugh.(2020·北部湾)
A．when B．which C．who D．whom
6．—Have you got ready for the soccer game?
—Yes，I've done everything ____ I can to win the game.(2019·哈尔滨)
A．who 　　　B．that 　　　　　C．which
7．—Frank，look！Who are the children under the tree ____ waiting in a line？(2019·达州)
—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.
A．that are B．where are
C．which is D．who is
8．—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth (《流浪地球》)？(2019·天水)
—Yes.It's the best one ____ I have ever seen.
A．that B．which C．what D．it
跟踪训练：
1．—Mum, can you tell me ____ I can wear the face mask (口罩)?
—Cover your face and nose with it and make sure there's no space between them.(2020·牡丹江)
A．when 　　　B．how 　　　　　C．where
2．What our society is like is decided by ____ everyone chooses to behave.(2020·盐城)
A．where B．when C．how D．why
3．—Please tell me ____ you have learnt English.
—For three years.(2020·甘孜)
A．how long 　　　B．how often 　　　　　C．how soon
4．I plan to go to the Liaoning Museum, but I'm not sure ____．(2020·沈阳)
A．how I can get there B．how can I get there
C．how I could get there D．how could I get there
5．—Did you notice ____ in his office?
—Yes, he was going over our homework.(2020·达州)
A．what Mr. Li was doing B．how was Mr. Li doing
C．how Mr. Li was doing D．what Mr. Li is doing
6．—There will be a film about the traditional Chinese musical instruments.(2020·镇江)
—That sounds cool. Could you please tell me ____？
A．that you will see it B．how much is the ticket
C．when it will be shown D．where it was shown
7．—Excuse me. Could you tell me ____？
—At Xinhua Bookstore on Beijing Road of Kaili.(2020·黔东南州)
A．where did you buy the magazine
B．why you bought the magazine
C．how did you buy the magazine
D．where you bought the magazine
8．—Do you know ____？
—Yes. They'll go there by train at 8：30 tomorrow morning.(2020·襄阳)
A．how would they leave for Beijing
B．how will they leave for Beijing
C．how they would leave for Beijing
D．how they will leave for Beijing
9．—Do you know ____？
—In Stratford, England.(2020·温州)
A．where Shakespeare was born
B．when Shakespeare finished school
C．how many plays Shakespeare wrote
D．why Shakespeare's works are popular
10．—I can't find you.(2020·扬州)
—I don't know ____. I'm on the left side of a tree.
A．who I am B．who am I
C．where I am D．where am I
11．—No one can tell when they ____．(2020·龙东)
—When they ________， I'll let you know at once.
A．return；will arrive B．will return；reach
C．will return；arrive
12．—Let's go camping if it ____ next Saturday.
—But nobody knows if it ________.(2020·凉山州)
A．is fine；rains B．will be fine；rains
C．is fine；will rain D．will be fine；will rain
13．—I wonder if Sally ____ us prepare for the party.
—I'm sure she will if she ________ time.(2020·遂宁)
A．helps；will have B．will help；has
C．will help；will have D．helps；has
14．The man in blue is ____ old to finish the difficult task in such a short time.(2020·黔南州)
A．too B．very C．so D．such
15．—Do you know the girl ____ is giving the speech?
—Of course.She is my best friend, Meimei.(2020·黄冈)
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
16．—Do you know Li Ziqi？(2020·滨州)
—Of course. She is a beautiful girl ____ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.
A．whose B．where C．which D．who
17．—What are you looking for?
—I'm looking for the dictionary ____ my brother gave me last month.(2020·营口)
A．that B．what C．who D．whom
18．Would you please tell me about the plan ____ you made ________ your leave？(2020·大庆)
A．who；after B．what；when
C．which；while D．that；before
19．Parasite (《寄生虫》) became the first non?English best movie ____ has won Oscars in history.(2020·牡丹江)
A．that 　　　B．which 　　　　　C．who
20．China is getting better at making hi?tech products ____ can be bought in all parts of the world.(2019·长沙)
A．who 　　　B．which 　　　　　C．what
21．—What are you doing?
—We are talking about the books and writers ____ we like.(2019·铜仁)
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
22．StorySign is ____ a useful app ________ it can make it easier for deaf children and their parents to read bedtime stories.(2019·连云港)
A．so；that B．such；that
C．too；to D．as；as
23．—Nancy ____ us a report as soon as she ________ tomorrow.
—How great！I will be there.(2019·安顺)
A．gives；is arriving B．gives；will arrive
C．will give；arrives D．gives；arrives
24．—You are not supposed to enter the teachers' office ____.
—Thanks，mom.I got it.(2019·成都)
A．unless you are allowed to
B．if you want to ask questions
C．when you are asked to come in
25．—What did Tom say to you just now，John?
—He asked ____．(2019·眉山)
A．why I am so happy today
B．what will I do for the weekend
C．who did I play football with after school
D．if I could go to the movies with him tonight
Keys：
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.A
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.A
15.B 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D
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