UNIT
3
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
课时分层作业(九)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
JERUSALEM—Israel's
Environmental
Protection
Ministry
asked
citizens
to
avoid
unnecessary
physical
activity
and
stay
indoors
on
Wednesday，as
a
serious
sandstorm
struck
the
Middle
East
in
a
thick
yellow
haze
(霾)
for
a
second
day
with
no
hope
to
see
things
clearly.
The
ministry
said
heavy
levels
of
dust
and
sand
in
the
air
were
a
threat
to
cities
throughout
the
country.
The
ministry's
website
advised
pregnant
women，the
elderly
and
those
with
heart
and
respiratory
(呼吸的)
conditions
to
stay
indoors，and
asked
schools
to
keep
children
indoors.
The
emergency
service
Magen
David
Adom
reported
that
it
has
treated
more
than
300
Israelis
suffering
from
breathing
problems，and
that
hospitals
have
more
respiratory?related
patients，including
a
large
number
of
the
elderly
and
those
with
asthma
(气喘)
and
related
conditions.
The
domestic
Israeli
airlines
Arkia
and
Israir
continued
to
ground
their
flights
to
Eilat
because
of
reduced
visibility.
The
sandstorm
has
affected
Egypt，Jordan，Iraq，Lebanon
and
Syria，where
at
least
five
deaths
have
been
reported.
“There
has
been
nothing
that
came
close
to
the
magnitude
of
this
sandstorm，”
said
Daniel
Rosenfeld，a
professor
with
the
Institute
of
Earth
Sciences
at
the
Hebrew
University
in
Jerusalem.“While
Israel
has
experienced
a
number
of
sandstorms
in
the
past，they
started
from
the
Sinai
Desert
and
the
Sahara
Desert
to
the
south
and
were
joined
by
winter
windstorms
that
cleared
the
air，”
he
said.
In
this
case，the
storm
comes
from
Syria
and
Iraq
to
the
north
and
east.
Because
the
storm
is
hitting
during
the
summer，at
a
time
of
both
little
wind
and
severe
heat
and
humidity，forecasters
expect
the
particles
to
remain
in
the
air
throughout
the
weekend
and
possibly
into
next
week.
“This
is
really
puzzling，”
said
Rosenfeld，adding
that
he
and
his
colleague
will
conduct
research
into
the
origins
of
the
unprecedented
(前所未有的)
storm.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，预计持续到周末，其原因气候学家还没有弄清楚。
1．What's
the
probable
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“ground”
in
Paragraph
4?
A．Add.
B．Reduce.
C．Cancel.
D．Fuel.
C [词义猜测题。根据第四段“The
domestic
Israeli
airlines
Arkia
and
Israir
continued
to
ground
their
flights
to
Eilat
because
of
reduced
visibility.”中的“because
of
reduced
visibility”可知，由于能见度降低，因此可知以色列的航班禁止飞行，因此选C。]
2．It
can
be
learned
from
the
text
that
the
sandstorm
.
A．happened
in
winter
B．showed
no
sign
of
weakening
C．came
from
Syria
and
Iraq
to
the
south
D．could
clear
the
air
B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Because
the
storm
is
hitting
during
the
summer，at
a
time
of
both
little
wind
and
severe
heat
and
humidity，forecasters
expect
the
particles
to
remain
in
the
air
throughout
the
weekend
and
possibly
into
next
week.”可知，由于本次沙尘暴发生在夏季，风很小，天气炎热，湿度很低，因此预测沙尘暴持续到周末，甚至到下周，故可知，沙尘暴没有显示出减弱的迹象，故选B。]
3．How
did
Rosenfeld
feel
about
the
origins
of
the
storm?
A．Confused.
B．Upset.
C．Confident.
D．Happy.
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This
is
really
puzzling’，said
Rosenfeld”可知，这很让人疑惑，可知对此持疑惑的态度，故选A。]
4．Where
does
the
text
probably
come
from?
A．A
novel.
B．A
news
story.
C．A
geography
book.
D．A
travel
guide.
B [推理判断题。根据文章可知，介绍以色列遭受一场沙尘暴的袭击，环保部警告人们尽量不要外出，医院接待呼吸类病人增多，航班减少，预计持续到周末，故可知本文属于新闻，故选B。]
B
Actor
Warwick
Davis
realized
he
was
shorter
than
other
people
when
he
was
eight
years
old.He
suddenly
noticed
all
his
schoolmates
were
twice
his
size.
It
was
then
that
the
effect
of
having
dwarfism
(侏儒症)
hit
him
for
the
first
time.
Now
aged
48，Davis
says，“I
have
very
fond
memories
of
school
but
I
realized
I
had
to
become
a
little
bit
louder
and
funnier
so
I
wouldn't
get
left
out
of
conversations.
I
became
quite
the
performer，so
being
short
was
my
training
in
acting.”
It
worked.
Director
George
Lucas
cast
young
Warwick
as
the
Ewok
Wicket
in
Return
of
the
Jedi.
The
actor
has
gone
on
to
star
in
many
TV
shows
and
films，including
playing
Professor
Flitwick
in
the
Harry
Potter
films.
Warwick's
dwarfism
means
he
is
1.07
meters
tall，while
the
average
UK
adult
male
height
is
1.78
meters.
Most
types
of
dwarfism
are
caused
by
a
genetic
disorder
that
stops
some
of
the
body's
building
blocks
working
properly.
Davis
has
a
positive
attitude
to
being
“different”.
He
says，“If
I
had
my
life
all
over
again，I
would
choose
the
same
job
and
be
the
same
height.
I
have
enjoyed
every
minute.
At
school
I
played
rugby
and
football
and
tried
long
jump
and
high
jump.
I
wasn't
very
good
at
them
but
I
always
had
a
go.
I
defeated
everyone
at
chin?ups
(引体向上)
because
I
had
a
low
body
weight
combined
with
a
strong
upper
body
from
climbing
up
to
the
top
cupboards
to
reach
the
biscuit
boxes
at
home.”
Warwick
is
supporting
Jeans
for
Genes
Day，a
charity
raising
public
concern
for
millions
of
children
born
with
genetic
disorders
in
the
U．K.
He
says，“Even
if
you
can
only
give
a
tiny
amount
of
money，it
will
make
such
a
difference
to
the
children.”
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了身高只有1.07米的Warwick
Davis没有让身高限制自己的生活，成为一名演员的故事。
5．Why
did
Warwick
Davis
decide
to
become
a
little
bit
louder
and
funnier?
A.
It
was
his
training
in
his
acting.
B．He
didn't
want
to
be
ignored
by
his
classmates.
C．The
effect
of
having
dwarfism
influenced
him
strongly.
D．The
genetic
disorder
prevented
his
body
from
working
properly.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I
realized
I
had
to
become
a
little
bit
louder
and
funnier
so
I
wouldn't
get
left
out
of
conversations.”可知，我意识到我必须变得更大声、更有趣，这样我才不会被排除在谈话之外，由此可知，Davis决定变得更大声、更有趣是因为他不想被同学们忽视，故B项正确。]
6．What
can
be
inferred
from
Paragraph
5?
A．Davis
has
a
positive
attitude
to
being
“different”．
B．Davis
turns
his
short
body
to
his
advantage
at
chin?ups.
C．Davis
is
not
fond
of
rugby
and
football，long
jump
and
high
jump.
D．Davis
doesn't
want
to
choose
the
same
job
if
he
can
live
his
life
again.
B [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I
defeated
everyone
at
chin?ups
(引体向上)
because
I
had
a
low
body
weight
combined
with
a
strong
upper
body”可知，Davis凭借较轻的体重和强壮的上半身在引体向上这个运动项目上击败了所有的人，也就是说在引体向上这个运动项目上他矮小的身材成了他的优势，故B项正确。]
7．Warwick
Davis
can
be
best
described
as
“
”．
A．pleased
B．independent
C．sensitive
D．confident
D [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Davis
has
a
positive
attitude
to
being
‘different’...”可知，Davis对自己的“与众不同”持有积极的态度，他说如果可以重新选择生活，他还会选择同样的身高，由此可知他很自信，故D项正确。]
8．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．My
Strong
Upper
Body
B．Dwarfism
Caused
by
Genetic
Disorder
C．Height
Is
Not
My
Limitation
D．More
Money，Bigger
Difference
C [主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第五段中的“Davis
has
a
positive
attitude
to
being
‘different’...”可知，文章主要讲述了身高1.07米的Warwick
Davis对自己的“与众不同”持有积极的态度，没有让身高限制自己的生活，成为一名演员，故C项(身高不是我的限制)最能概括出文章内容。]
Ⅱ.概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
What
is
eco?fashion?
Eco?fashion
is
about
making
clothes
that
considers
the
environment，the
health
of
consumers
and
the
working
conditions
of
people
in
the
fashion
industry.
A
closer
look
at
the
fashion
industry
points
out
many
problems
that
are
common
practices
in
the
creation
of
our
fashions
from
the
field
to
the
factory.
Firstly，the
production
of
textiles
(纺织品)
pollutes
the
environment
heavily.Cotton?planting
uses
pesticides
(杀虫剂)；sheep?farming
and
wool?cleaning
bring
about
global
warming.
Secondly，every
stage
of
clothing
production
consumes
a
great
deal
of
energy
and
some
also
involve
chemicals
which
obviously
do
harm
to
the
surroundings.
In
addition，there
is
a
lot
of
waste
produced
in
the
process，especially
in
the
form
of
polluted
water.
Thirdly，growing
purchasing
power
and
our
shopping
habits
further
worsen
the
bad
effects.
We
are
now
buying
clothes
in
increasing
quantities
and
we
are
also
quick
to
throw
away
clothes
that
have
been
worn
only
a
couple
of
times.
Then，how
to
solve
the
problem?
To
a
large
degree，it
is
the
fashion
producers
that
really
have
the
power
and
the
responsibility
to
shape
our
future.
There
are
a
great
many
ways
these
producers
can
reduce
their
ecological
footprint，from
switching
to
green
energy
and
reducing
energy
use，through
selecting
sustainable
materials
and
choosing
local
suppliers，to
recycling
and
minimizing
waste.
On
the
other
hand，as
consumers
we
can
all
play
our
part
by
selecting
environmentally
friendly
clothing
and
reducing
clothing
buying.
There
is
some
concern
that
eco?friendly
fashions
are
just
a
trend
that
we
will
eventually
grow
tired
of
but
we
can
make
sure
that
doesn't
happen.
Now
many
people
are
beginning
to
shop
for
organic
food
products
because
the
benefits
of
eating
food
free
of
chemicals
are
immediate.
They
relate
directly
to
our
personal
health.
In
fact，choosing
eco?fashion
can
also
do
good
to
our
personal
health，though
it
is
mostly
done
by
way
of
keeping
the
health
of
the
planet.
【参考范文】
Eco?fashion
concerns
the
environment，consumers'
health
and
people's
working
conditions
when
making
clothes.(要点1)
Various
problems
arise
in
traditional
fashion
production，including
environmental
pollution
and
energy
waste，worsened
by
growing
purchasing
power
and
shopping
habits.
(要点2)
To
solve
the
problem，producers
should
reduce，reuse
and
recycle，while
consumers
are
supposed
to
choose
environmentally
friendly
clothes
and
purchase
less.(要点3)
Benefiting
the
health
of
both
the
earth
and
people，eco?fashion
will
surely
be
a
lasting
trend.(要点4)
PAGEUNIT
3
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
单元综合检测(三)
(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
No.1 Snapchat
With
this
app，the
pictures
people
share
with
friends
will
disappear
automatically(自动地)
after
they
are
seen.
Snapchat
has
become
more
and
more
popular
since
2012.
Over
700
million
photos
have
been
shown
daily
by
May
2014，up
from
20
million
per
day
in
2012.
No.2 Uber
The
on?demand
car
service
app
allows
users
to
order
a
ride
and
get
picked
up
within
minutes.
On?demand
service
means
no
need
to
reserve
(预订)
and
no
waiting
in
taxi
queues.
And
the
app
can
be
used
in
more
than
40
countries.
No.3 WhatsApp
WhatsApp
became
the
world's
most
popular
chat
app
in
2014
with
over
600
million
monthly
users
in
August.
It
was
also
bought
by
Facebook
in
October
for
about
$22
billion
(about
136
billion
yuan)．
No.4 Venmo
The
mobile
payment
service
is
used
to
share
bills
by
friends，who
get
together
to
have
dinner
or
do
something
else.
It
took
Millennials'(生于1984?1995年间的“千禧一代”)
smart?phones
by
storm
in
2014.
It
is
said
that
among
college
students
the
word
“Venmo”
is
now
being
used
as
a
verb—“just
Venmo
me”．
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了四款受欢迎的手机软件：可以分享照片的Snapchat；可以订车的Uber；可以聊天的WhatsApp和可以付账的Venmo。
1．Which
app
can
be
chosen
by
those
who
like
taking
and
sharing
photos?
A．Snapchat.
B．WhatsApp.
C．Venmo.
D．Uber.
A [细节理解题。第一段第一句“With
this
app，the
pictures
people
share
with
friends
will
disappear
automatically(自动地)
after
they
are
seen.”可知使用这款软件可以和朋友们分享照片，故选A。]
2．What
can
we
use
Uber
for?
A．Pick
up
somebody.
B．Travelling
to
different
countries.
C．Calling
a
taxi.
D．Waiting
in
lines.
C [细节理解题。第二段第一句“The
on?demand
car
service
app
allows
users
to
order
a
ride
and
get
picked
up
within
minutes.”可知按需求服务的汽车服务软件允许使用者预定车程或叫车来接，故选C。]
3．How
many
people
use
WhatsApp
in
August，2014?
A．Over
700
million.
B．About
136
billion.
C．About
22
billion.
D．Over
600
million.
D [细节理解题。第三段第一句“WhatsApp
became
the
world's
most
popular
chat
app
in
2014
with
over
600
million
monthly
users
in
August.”可知WhatsApp软件8月份的使用者超过6亿，故选D。]
B
A
few
months
after
Wu
Xinggu
was
congratulated
by
teachers
for
graduating
from
the
university，the
23?year?old
has
been
making
his
dream
of
relieving
tens
of
thousands
of
teachers
in
China
from
drowning
in
marking
papers(改卷)
a
reality.
Yitiku，an
online
software
system
based
on
Wu's
idea，eases
the
workload
of
teachers
by
doing
many
of
the
functions
that
they
did，such
as
selecting
the
test
questions，forming
an
exam
paper，and
preparing
exercises
for
the
students.
The
features
of
Yitiku
may
sound
quite
simple，but
this
idea
won
his
company
millions
of
dollars
from
China's
Internet
giant
Tencent
in
January.
The
unexpectedly
successful
fund
raising
story
became
a
popular
conversation
starter
among
the
people
in
the
education
business.
“I
can
say
it's
quite
an
achievement
for
me
and
our
company.
As
far
as
I
know，I'm
the
first
CEO
born
after
1990s
that
Tencent
has
invested
(投资)
in，and
we
are
the
first
online
education
company
they
have
invested
in.”
Wu
Xinggu
told
China
Daily.
Different
from
other
online
companies
that
treat
students
as
clients
(客户)，Yitiku
has
chosen
teachers
as
their
focus.
“
We
make
the
work
of
teachers
easy.
Usually
it
takes
two
to
three
hours
for
them
to
prepare
a
new
exam
paper.
Now
it's
just
three
clicks.”
said
Wu.
He
is
quite
satisfied
with
the
major
feature
of
the
software.
Sitting
in
his
10?square?meter
office
in
Zhonguancun，a
hub
of
innovation
(创新)
in
Beijing，Wu
looks
confident
and
chatty
when
talking
about
his
business.
His
fast?speed
answers
give
people
an
impression
that
he
has
years
of
experience
in
the
online
education
sector.
The
fact
is
that
he
had
been
putting
most
of
attention
in
directing
courses
at
an
art
college
until
about
a
year
ago.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了23岁的大学毕业生吴兴谷研发在线系统Yitiku，减轻老师批改试卷的工作量。
4．The
best
title
for
this
passage
might
be
．
A．the
23?year?old
wants
to
ease
workload
of
teachers
B．the
achievement
made
by
a
boy
born
after
1990s
C．Yitiku，an
online
software
system
loved
by
teachers
D．a
23?year?old
surprises
the
China's
Internet
giant
A [主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“the
23?year?old
has
been
making
his
dream
of
relieving
tens
of
thousands
of
teachers
in
China
from
drowning
in
marking
papers
a
reality”可知，本文主要讲述了23岁的大学毕业生吴兴谷研发在线系统Yitiku，减轻老师批改试卷的工作量，故A项正确。]
5．Yitiku
has
the
following
function
EXCEPT
．
A．designing
test
papers
B．choosing
the
test
questions
C．teaching
the
students
D．grading
papers
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“such
as
selecting
the
test
questions，forming
an
exam
paper，and
preparing
exercises
for
the
students”可知，Yitiku系统有选择试题、生成试卷、为学生准备练习等功能，而没提到教学生这一功能，故C项正确。]
6．The
underlined
word
“hub”
in
the
last
paragraph
means
．
A．special
center
B．small
house
C．big
market
D．supermarket
A [词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Sitting
in
his
10?square?meter
office
in
Zhonguancun”可知，坐在北京创新中心中关村的仅有十平米的办公室里，由此可知画线词词义为“特别中心”，故A项正确。]
7．What
will
be
continued
after
the
last
paragraph?
A．Wu's
family
background
B．how
Wu
got
the
great
idea
C．what
Wu
studied
in
an
art
college
D．Wu's
experience
in
directing
courses
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The
fact
is
that
he
had
been
putting
most
of
attention
in
directing
courses
at
an
art
college
until
about
a
year
ago.”可知，事实上，一年前他还把大部分注意力集中在艺术学院的指导课程上，而本文主要讲的是吴兴谷研发在线系统Yitiku，所以下文应该接着讲他是如何产生研发Yitiku这一想法的，故B项正确。]
C
Leadership
today
is
not
about
forcing
others
to
do
things.
If
this
is
even
possible，it
is
short?term.
If
you
order
someone
to
do
something
against
their
will，they
may
do
it
because
they
feel
they
must，but
the
anger
they
feel
will
do
more
harm
in
the
long?term.
They
will
also
experience
fear.
Fear
causes
the
thinking
brain
to
shut
down，making
the
person
unable
to
function
at
his
or
her
best.
If
they
connect
you
with
this
emotion
of
fear，they
will
become
less
functional
around
you，and
you
will
have
succeeded
in
not
only
shooting
yourself
in
the
foot，but
possibly
making
a
very
good
employee
or
partner
unable
to
perform
effectively.
Fear
has
no
place
in
leadership.
The
way
we
affect
people
in
a
lasting
way
is
by
our
own
character，and
our
understanding
and
use
of
emotion.
We
can
order
someone
to
do
something，which
may
be
part
of
the
work
day，or
we
can
employ
them
at
the
emotional
level，so
they
become
fully
devoted
to
the
projects
and
provide
some
of
their
own
motivation(积极性)．
Today's
work
place
is
all
about
relationships.
Anyone
works
harder
in
a
positive
environment
in
which
they're
recognized
and
valued
as
a
human
being
as
well
as
a
worker.
Everyone
produces
just
a
bit
more
for
someone
they
like.
Leaders
understand
the
way
things
work.
They
know
money
is
not
the
only
most
motivating
factor
in
the
work
life
of
most
people.
The
true
strength
of
leadership
is
an
inner
strength
that
comes
from
the
confidence
of
emotional
intelligence—knowing
your
own
emotions，and
how
to
deal
with
them
and
those
of
others.
Developing
your
emotional
intelligence
is
the
best
thing
you
can
do
if
you
want
to
develop
your
relationships
with
people
around
you，which
is
the
key
to
the
leadership
skills.
【语篇解读】 本文谈论的是领导力形成的实质及如何发挥人的领导艺术。
8．When
may
an
employee
have
a
feeling
of
fear
in
the
work
place?
A．He
is
forced
to
do
things.
B．He
cannot
work
at
his
best.
C．He
feels
his
brain
shut
down.
D．He
thinks
of
this
work
as
a
burden.
A [推理判断题。
作者在文章的第一段谈到强迫命令会带来的坏处时指出：“Leadership
today
is
not
about
forcing
others
to
do
things.(领导艺术中不包括强迫别人做事情)”“...They
will
also
experience
fear(那也会使下属产生恐惧感)”．A选项恰与此意吻合，故选A。]
9．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．People
like
to
connect
leadership
with
fear.
B．Good
relationship
is
the
key
to
business
success.
C．Working
conditions
affect
people's
physical
health.
D．Smart
people
are
more
functional
in
the
work
place.
B [推理判断题。作者在第四段中提道：“Today's
work
place
is
all
about
relationships(现在的工作环境是受到人际关系的影响的)”接着作者又在文章结尾处明确指出：“Developing
your
emotional
intelligence
is
the
best
thing
you
can
do
if
you
want
to
develop
your
relationships
with
people
around
you，which
is
the
key
to
the
leadership
skills.”据此可以确定正确答案是B。]
10．To
positively
affect
employees，what
should
a
leader
do
first
of
all?
A．Provide
better
suggestions.
B．Develop
his
own
personality.
C．Hide
his
own
emotion
of
fear.
D．Give
his
employees
a
pay
rise.
B [细节理解题。作者在文章的第三段第一句指出：“The
way
we
affect
people
in
a
lasting
way
is
by
our
own
character，and
our
understanding
and
use
of
emotion.(影响别人的持久方式是凭借我们自身的人格魅力，以及对情感的理解和运用)”这里的
character指的就是personality，据此可以判断出正确答案是B。]
11．Good
leadership
is
mainly
seen
in
a
leader's
ability
to
．
A．give
employees
specific
instructions
B．help
raise
employees'
living
standards
C．deal
wisely
with
employees'
emotions
D．provide
a
variety
of
projects
for
employees
C [主旨大意题。通读这篇文章后可以看出作者的主旨是要告诉我们领导意识是建立在领导者是否能有效调动雇员的积极性之上的，C选项与此义相符，故选C。]
D
The
idea
of
turning
recycled
plastic
bottles
into
clothing
is
not
new.
During
the
last
five
years，a
large
number
of
clothing
companies，businesses
and
environmental
organizations
have
started
turning
plastics
into
fabric
to
deal
with
plastic
pollution.But
there's
a
problem
with
this
method.
Research
now
shows
that
microfibers
could
be
the
biggest
source
of
plastic
in
the
sea.
Dr.
Mark
Browne
in
Santa
Barbara，California，has
been
studying
plastic
pollution
and
microfibers
for
10
years
now.
He
explains
that
every
time
synthetic
(合成的)clothes
go
into
a
washing
machine，a
large
number
of
plastic
fibers
fall
off.
Most
washing
machines
can't
collect
these
microfibers.
So
every
time
the
water
gets
out
of
a
washing
machine，microfibers
are
entering
the
sewers
and
finally
end
up
in
the
sea.
In
2011，Browne
wrote
a
paper
stating
that
a
single
piece
of
synthetic
clothing
can
produce
more
than
1，900
fibers
per
wash.
Browne
collected
samples
from
seawater
and
freshwater
sites
around
the
world，and
used
a
special
way
to
examine
each
sample.He
discovered
that
every
single
water
sample
contained
microfibers.
This
is
bad
news
for
a
number
of
reasons.
Plastic
can
cause
harm
to
sea
life
when
eaten.
Studies
have
also
shown
that
plastic
can
absorb
other
pollutants.
Based
on
this
evidence，it
may
seem
surprising
that
companies
and
organizations
have
chosen
to
turn
plastic
waste
into
clothing
as
an
environmental“solution”．Even
though
the
science
has
been
around
for
a
while，Browne
explains
that
he's
had
a
difficult
time
getting
companies
to
listen.
When
he
asked
well?known
clothing
companies
to
support
Benign
by
Design—his
research
project
that
seeks
to
get
clothes
that
have
a
bad
effect
on
humans
and
the
environment
out
of
the
market，Browne
didn't
get
a
satisfying
answer.
Only
one
women's
clothing
company，Eileen
Fisher，offered
Browne
funding.
【语篇解读】 在过去的五年里，大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染。但是这种方法有一个问题：现在的研究表明，微纤维可能是海洋中塑料的最大来源。来自加州圣巴巴拉的马克·布朗博士的研究也证实了这一点。
12．What
has
happened
during
the
past
five
years?
A．Fabric
has
become
much
stronger.
B．Plastic
pollution
has
been
less
serious.
C．Many
plastic
bottles
have
been
reused.
D．Microfibers
have
been
greatly
improved.
C [推理判断题。由第一段中的“
During
the
last
five
years，a
large
number
of
clothing
companies，businesses
and
environmental
organizations
have
started
turning
plastics
into
fabric
to
deal
with
plastic
pollution”可知，在过去的五年里，许多服装公司、企业和环境组织已经开始将塑料转变成织物来处理塑料污染。所以判断出在过去的五年里许多塑料瓶已被重新利用。故C选项正确。]
13．What
does
Browne
think
of
washing
synthetic
clothes?
A．It
is
adding
microfibers
to
the
clothes.
B．It
is
worsening
environmental
problems.
C．It
is
making
synthetic
clothes
last
longer.
D．It
is
doing
great
damage
to
washing
machines.
B [推理判断题。由第二段中的“He
explains
that
every
time
synthetic
clothes
go
into
a
washing
machine，a
large
number
of
plastic
fibers
fall
off.
Most
washing
machines
can't
collect
these
microfibers.
So
every
time
the
water
gets
out
of
a
washing
machine，microfibers
are
entering
the
sewers
and
finally
end
up
in
the
sea.”可知，布朗解释说，每次合成纤维衣服放入洗衣机，都会有大量塑料纤维脱落。大多数洗衣机无法收集这些微纤维。因此，每当水从洗衣机中流出时，微纤维就会进入下水道，最终流入大海。所以通过布朗的解释可以判断出布朗认为洗合成纤维衣服正在使环境恶化。故B选项正确。]
14．What
can
be
inferred
about
Browne's
Benign
by
Design
research
project?
A．It
has
achieved
great
success.
B．It
hasn't
got
anything
done.
C．It
is
known
to
very
few
people.
D．It
is
facing
some
difficulties.
D [推理判断题。由最后一段中的“When
he
asked
well?known
clothing
companies
to
support
Benign
by
Design，...Browne
didn't
get
a
satisfying
answer”可知，当他要求知名服装公司来支持他的研究项目Benign
by
Design时，Browne并没有得到令人满意的答案。所以通过didn't
get
a
satisfying
answer，可以判断出Browne要使服装公司支持他的研究项目，这是很困难的，故推断出布朗的Benign
by
Design正面临一些困难。故D选项正确。]
15．What's
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．It's
important
to
learn
to
recycle
B．It's
never
easy
to
solve
pollution
problems
C．Recycled
plastic
clothing:
solution
or
pollution?
D．Are
human
beings
moving
forward
or
backward?
C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，在过去的五年里，大量的服装公司、企业和环保组织已经开始将塑料变成织物来处理塑料污染。但是这种方法有一个问题。现在的研究表明，微纤维可能是海洋中塑料的最大来源。来自加州圣巴巴拉的马克·布朗博士的研究也证实了这一点。所以短文主要是围绕着“回收塑料服装：是解决方案还是污染”而展开的。故短文最佳标题是“回收塑料服装：是解决方案还是污染”。故C选项正确。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Teenagers
earning
money
In
the
United
States，you
can
only
get
a
full?time
job
if
you
are
16
years
old
or
older.
But
there
are
things
that
teenagers
can
do
to
earn
some
spending
money.
Here
are
a
few
ideas.
Parents
with
young
children
sometimes
want
to
go
out
for
dinner
or
to
the
movies，but
they
don't
want
to
leave
their
children
alone.
16
If
the
children
go
to
bed
early，you
can
do
some
of
your
homework!
Some
adults
have
a
dog，but
they
don't
have
time
to
take
it
for
a
walk.
17
So
some
teenagers
work
as
dog
walkers.
It's
a
good
idea—you
earn
money
and
you're
outside
in
the
fresh
air.
You
get
some
exercise，too!
Teenagers
can
deliver
newspapers.
You
usually
ride
a
bike
around
a
neighborhood
and
leave
a
newspaper
at
each
house.
18
You
have
to
get
up
early，too，because
people
want
to
read
their
newspaper
with
their
breakfast.
19
Some
companies
pay
teens
to
do
online
research.
They
want
to
know
what
teens
are
interested
in.
It's
a
fun
and
easy
way
to
make
money.
You
can
also
design
web
pages
for
friends
or
adults.
Sometimes
adults
pay
teenagers
to
mow
(修整)
their
lawns
(草坪).
It's
a
great
job
because
you
get
fresh
air
and
exercise.
20
Then
you
have
regular
customers
(常客)，because
grass
always
grows!
A．Dogs
need
a
lot
of
exercise!
B．It
brings
a
lot
of
safety
problems.
C．Normally
you
have
to
have
your
own
bike.
D．Teenagers
can
work
at
home
on
their
computers.
E．It's
important
to
tell
an
adult
where
you're
going.
F．Do
your
job
carefully
and
people
will
want
you
to
do
it
again.
G．So，they
ask
a
teenager
to
stay
in
the
house
and
look
after
their
children
while
they
are
out.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了青少年赚钱的几点建议。
16．G [根据本空前的“Parents
with
young
children
sometimes
want
to
go
out
for
dinner
or
to
the
movies，but
they
don't
want
to
leave
their
children
alone.”可知，有孩子的父母有时想出去吃饭或看电影，但他们不想让孩子一个人在家，故G项(所以，他们让一个青少年待在家里，在他们外出的时候照顾他们的孩子)符合语境。]
17．A [根据本空后的“So
some
teenagers
work
as
dog
walkers.”可知，所以一些青少年做遛狗的工作，故A项(狗狗需要大量的运动)符合语境。]
18．C [根据本空前的“You
usually
ride
a
bike
around
a
neighborhood
and
leave
a
newspaper
at
each
house.”可知，你需要骑自行车送报纸，故C项(通常你必须有自己的自行车)符合语境。]
19．D [根据本空后的“Some
companies
pay
teens
to
do
online
research.”可知，一些公司付钱给青少年做在线调查，故D项(青少年可以在家用电脑工作)符合语境。]
20．F [根据本空后的“Then
you
have
regular
customers，because
grass
always
grows！”可知，那么，你就有了老客户，因为草是一直生长的，故F项(认真做你的工作，人们会再找你修整草坪)符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Miracles(奇迹)come
in
moments
The
scene
of
this
minor
miracle
21
in
the
living
room
of
my
house
under
an
old，broken
ceiling
fan(吊扇)with
a
little
glass
angel
hanging
from
its
pull
string(挂绳)．
My
youngest
son
has
a
severe
form
of
autism(自闭症).
22
he
is
in
his
twenties
now
he
still
has
the
mind
of
a
small
child.
He
speaks
only
a
few
words.
He
is
always
23
in
his
own
world.
Most
of
the
time
he
is
happy
but
there
are
also
times
when
he
can
be
terribly
upset.
He
will
cry
for
no
24
that
I
can
see.
He
will
even
hit
himself.
It
always
hurts
me
to
see
him
suffer
this
way
25
when
there
is
little
I
can
do
to
help.
This
morning
was
particularly
trying
for
him.
He
26
on
and
off
for
an
hour.
Finally
he
27
.
I
was
still
feeling
stressed，however，and
wearily
sat
down
at
my
computer
to
see
if
I
could
get
a
little
work
done.
As
I
was
turning
it
28
，though，I
heard
my
son
laugh
for
the
first
time
all
day.
I
turned
my
head
and
saw
him
29
directly
under
the
glass
angel
hanging
from
our
ceiling
fan.
The
light
from
our
house
lamps
seemed
to
shine
and
sparkle
all
around
him
like
a
halo(光环).
His
eyes
sparkled
too
as
the
little
30
swung
gently
above
his
head.
He
laughed
again
and
smiled
at
me.
At
that
moment
my
heart
opened.I
could
see
that
the
miracle
was
31
me
that
my
son
was
more
than
his
autism.
I
saw
the
32
and
light
of
his
spirit
and
knew
he
was
here
for
a
purpose.
My
eyes
watered
and
I
feel
33
for
this
minor
miracle
and
gentle
reminder
of
his
love
for
all
of
us.
Miracles
are
all
around
us，but
we
34
always
see
them
with
our
eyes.
We
often
have
to
see
them
with
our
35
.
Keep
your
heart
open
to
them
then.
And
let
yourself
be
the
miracle
you
are
meant
to
be!
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了作者的儿子患有自闭症，经常情绪不稳定，让作者很悲伤，但是一次灯光改变了儿子的情绪，这让作者意识到自己的儿子虽然是自闭症患者，但也有阳光的一面。
21．A.breaks
out
B．goes
up
C．takes
place
D．comes
back
C [句意：小的奇迹发生在卧室里，一个挂着小玻璃天使的破旧吊扇下面。根据文章可知，奇迹发生的时间和地点，故选C。]
22．A.Ever
since
B．As
if
C．Now
that
D．Even
though
D [句意：尽管现在20多岁了，但是依然是一个小孩的心理。根据文章可知，作者儿子患有严重的自闭症，故前后句属于让步关系，故选D。]
23．A.busy
B．lost
C．patient
D．nervous
B [句意：他总是沉浸在自己的世界里。根据文章可知，作者儿子患有自闭症，生活在自己的世界里，故选B。]
24．A.hope
B．doubt
C．reason
D．surprise
C [句意：他会无缘无故地哭泣。根据后文“He
will
even
hit
himself”可知，他会无缘无故地哭泣，故选C。]
25．A.hardly
B．especially
C．quietly
D．naturally
B [句意：当看到他遭受这些，而我尤其无能为力，这会让我很受伤。本句为强调作者儿子患有自闭症的情况作者很无助，故选B。]
26．A.painted
B．worried
C．laughed
D．cried
D [句意：他断断续续哭了一个小时。根据前文可知，作者儿子沮丧的时候会哭泣，故选D。]
27．A.broke
down
B．calmed
down
C．fell
down
D．jumped
down
B [根据后文“I
was
still
feeling
stressed，however，”可知，作者仍然感到压力巨大，而他的儿子也冷静下来了，故选B。]
28．A.on
B．up
C．off
D．over
A [根据文章可知，风扇改变了儿子的情绪状况，故选A。]
29．A.pulling
B．wandering
C．lying
D．standing
D [根据后文“The
light
from
our
house
lamps
seemed
to
shine
and
sparkle
all
around
him
like
a
halo”可知，光线照在作者儿子的脸上，可知，站在灯下，故选D。]
30．A.angel
B．light
C．roof
D．spirit
D [根据文章可知，玻璃天使影响了作者儿子的情绪，故选A。]
31．A.tricking
B．reminding
C．watching
D．seeking
B [句意：我明白了，这个奇迹让我想起我的儿子不仅仅是自闭症那么糟糕。根据文章，这个奇迹让作者意识到一个道理，故选B。]
32．A.love
B．pain
C．concern
D．shock
A [作者意识到了儿子对作者的意义，故选A。]
33．A.sorry
B．grateful
C．curious
D．responsible
B [根据本句“My
eyes
watered”可知，作者很感激，故选B。]
34．A.shouldn't
B．mustn't
C．can't
D．needn't
C [根据文章可知，不一定都能看见，故选C。]
35．A.hearts
B．glasses
C．thoughts
D．strengths
A [根据前文的“Miracles
are
all
around
us，but
we
always
see
them
with
our
eyes.”可知，不一定用眼睛看得见，因而需用心感受，故选A。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In
the
closing
ceremony
of
the
2018
Olympic
Winter
Games
in
PyeongChang，China
put
on
36.
eight?minute
performance
“See
You
in
Beijing
in
2022”，37.
(direct)
by
Zhang
Yimou.
The
show
centered
on
the
talents
of
a
team
of
24
roller?skating
38.
(perform)
from
Beijing
Sport
University.
Two
of
39.
(they)
dressed
up
as
“Panda
Captains”
led
the
performance.
It
reviewed
China's
ancient
times，40.
(show)
the
country's
rich
cultural
heritage
and
singing
the
present
as
well
as
the
future.
In
addition
to
41.
(tradition)
symbols
including
the
Great
Wall，the
Chinese
Dragon
and
the
Chinese
phoenix(凤凰)，the
performance
also
showed
the
recent
achievements
in
science
and
technology
42.
has
been
made
in
China.
Towards
the
end
of
the
performance，the
Olympic
rings
43.
(appear)
on
the
stage，as
well
as
images
of
a
global
village，children's
smiling
faces，olive
branches
and
plum
blossoms(梅花)，which
represented
China's
promise
44.
(promote)
global
peace
and
build
a
better
future
for
mankind.
Finally，the
skaters
travelled
a
path
to
draw
the
“Winter
Dream”
sign
of
the
Olympic
Winter
dreams
Beijing
2022.
The
performance
45.
(successful)
sent
China's
goodwill
and
invitations
to
the
world
for
Beijing
2022.
【语篇解读】 在2018年冬奥会平昌闭幕式上，中国上演了由张艺谋导演的八分钟演出《2022年北京见》。这场表演由北京体育大学24名轮滑运动员主演。它回顾了中国古代，展示中国丰富的文化遗产，歌颂着现在和未来。这次演出成功地向世界发出了中国对2022年北京奥运会的善意邀请。
36．an [句意：中国上演了一个8分钟的表演——《2022年北京见》。eight?minute开头是元音音素，根据语境可知，要填不定冠词an。]
37．directed [此处是指由张艺谋执导的《2022年北京见》，分析句子可知，本句中的direct
修饰“See
You
in
Beijing
in
2022”，二者是被动关系，要用过去分词，因此填directed。]
38．performers [句意：这场表演以北京体育大学24名轮滑表演者为核心。分析句子可知，本空格前被24
roller?skating修饰，由
from
Beijing
Sport
University可知是表演者，故填performers。]
39．them [句意：其中两人装扮成“熊猫队长”领衔演出。根据语境可知，本空格在句中作介词of的宾语，they的宾格是them。故填them。]
40．showing [句意：它回顾了中国古代，展示了中国丰富的文化遗产，歌颂着现在和未来。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作伴随状语，show的逻辑主语是it，二者是主动关系，因此要用动词?ing形式，故填showing。]
41．traditional [句意：除了长城、中国龙、中国凤凰等传统象征外……。分析句子可知，本空格在句中修饰名词symbols，修饰名词用形容词，因此填形容词traditional。]
42．which/that [句意：这一成绩也显示了中国在科技方面取得的最新成就。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中the
recent
achievements是先行词，在从句中作made的宾语，定语从句中指物可以用which或that，故填
which/that。]
43．appeared [句意：演出接近尾声时，奥运五环出现在舞台上……。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作谓语，主语为the
Olympic
rings。根据文章的时间状语为“2018”，故要用一般过去时，因此填appeared。]
44．to
promote [句意：这代表了中国促进全球和平、为人类创造更美好未来的承诺。动词promise
to
do...为固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，因此要用动词不定式。故填to
promote。]
45．successfully [句意：这次演出成功地向世界发出了中国对2022年北京奥运会的善意邀请。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作状语，修饰动词sent，修饰动词要用副词，故填successfully。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
近年来雾霾天气(haze)越来越严重。请就此话题写一篇80词左右的短文。内容提示：
1．因为雾霾天气，学生的户外活动比以前少了；
2．人们不得不戴面罩(mask)出行，道路上也发生了更多交通事故；
3．空气污染问题严重，不利于健康；
4．每个人都应该采取措施来保护环境。例如……
注意：
1．短文须包括所有要点，不必逐句翻译，要求语句通顺、意思连贯；
2．第4个要点的内容须适当发挥；
3．短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
These
years
the
haze
weather
appears
more
and
more
often.
【参考范文】
These
years
the
haze
weather
appears
more
and
more
often.Because
of
the
haze
weather，students
have
fewer
outdoor
activities
than
before.
People
have
to
wear
masks
when
they
go
out.
Also，there
are
more
traffic
accidents
on
the
road.
Air
pollution
has
become
a
serious
problem.
It
is
bad
for
our
health.
Everyone
should
take
action
to
protect
the
environment.
For
example，we
can
change
our
life
style.
We
can
ride
bikes
or
take
buses
when
we
go
out.
I
plan
to
plant
more
trees
in
the
future.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A
young
man
had
bought
an
old
house
that
was
in
bad
shape，but
he
and
his
wife
believed
they
could
restore
it.
They
immediately
went
to
work.
Their
goal
was
to
have
the
old
building
look
best
for
the
Christmas
Eve
get?together.
Just
two
days
before
Christmas，however，a
storm
swept
through
the
area，leaving
a
hole
in
the
wall
of
the
house.
There
was
obviously
no
time
to
repair
the
damage
before
Christmas.
The
sad
couple
attended
local
auction
(拍卖)
that
afternoon.
One
of
the
items
put
up
for
bids
(竞标)
was
an
old
gold?and?ivory?colored
tablecloth.
Seized
by
an
inspiration，the
young
man
was
the
highest
bidder
at
$6.50.His
idea
was
to
hang
the
cloth
to
cover
the
ragged
hole.
On
the
day
before
Christmas，it
was
snowy.
As
the
young
man
unlocked
the
house
door，he
noticed
an
old
woman
standing
at
the
bus
stop.
He
knew
the
bus
wouldn't
be
there
within
at
least
half
an
hour，so
he
invited
her
inside
to
keep
warm.
When
the
woman
walked
in
and
saw
the
tablecloth，she
rushed
at
it
and
said
excitedly，“It's
mine.
It
is
my
tablecloth.”
she
told
the
surprised
man
its
history
and
even
showed
him
her
name
in
one
corner
of
the
tablecloth.
She
and
her
husband
had
once
lived
in
Vienna，Austria，and
their
village
was
hit
by
a
deadly
disease.
So
they
decided
to
flee
(逃跑)
to
Switzerland，but
her
husband
told
her
to
leave
first，saying
he
had
something
urgent
to
deal
with.
A
few
days
later，it
was
reported
that
the
bus
her
husband
took
fell
off
the
cliff
(悬崖)
and
he
was
never
to
be
found.
Her
husband
was
believed
to
have
died.
Touched
by
her
story，the
young
man
asked
about
her
address，planning
to
send
the
tablecloth
to
her
after
Christmas.
As
the
bus
came，she
left.
When
the
Christmas
Eve
came，the
man
invited
his
friends
to
come
to
his
house
to
enjoy
the
dinner
together.
In
the
candlelight
of
the
Christmas
Eve，the
tablecloth
looked
even
more
beautiful.
As
the
man's
friends
left
the
house，they
thanked
the
man
for
his
arrangement
and
mentioned
how
beautiful
the
house
looked.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Paragraph
1：
One
old
gentlemen
stayed，admiring
the
tablecloth.
Paragraph
2：
The
young
man
drove
the
old
man
to
that
old
woman's
home.
【参考范文】
Paragraph
1：
One
old
gentlemen
stayed，admiring
the
tablecloth.
He
said
to
the
young
man：“It's
strange.
Many
years
ago
my
wife
used
such
a
tablecloth
only
on
very
special
occasions.
But
we
lived
in
Vienna
then.Where
did
you
get
this
one？”
sighed
the
old
man，tears
streaming
down
his
cheeks.The
young
man
told
him
what
happened
that
day
when
he
met
an
old
lady.
With
the
trembling
old
man
at
his
side，he
telephoned
the
family
and
decided
to
visit
the
old
woman.
Paragraph
2：
The
young
man
drove
the
old
man
to
that
old
woman's
home.
Together
they
knocked
on
her
apartment
door.
When
she
opened
it，the
young
man
witnessed
the
tearful，joyful
and
thrilling
reunion
of
husband
and
wife.If
the
chain
of
events
had
been
broken，the
husband
and
wife
might
never
have
found
each
other.
It
was
the
tablecloth—that
made
an
extremely
lucky
ending.Love
is
like
a
journey，starting
at
forever
and
ending
at
never.
PAGEUNIT
3
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
课时分层作业(七)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词
1．The
snow
in
the
garden
had
melted
and
turned
into
water.
2．We
gave
them
bread，lest
they
should
starve(饿死)．
3．The
love
and
support
of
his
family
sustained
him
during
his
time
in
prison.
4．Child
welfare
services
are
well
established
and
comprehensive．
5．The
story
has
attracted
worldwide
attention.
6．There
is
a
growing
trend(趋势)
towards
earlier
retirement.
7．The
financial
markets
have
given
the
thumbs
up
to
the
new
policy(政策)．
8．Let
us
seize
this
opportunity
because
it
won't
come
again
for
another
year.
9．What
matters
in
reform(改革)
is
not
words
but
actions.
10．While
a
moderate(适度的)
amount
of
stress
can
be
beneficial，too
much
stress
can
exhaust
you.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Trees
are
useful
to
man
in
three
important
ways:
they
give
him
wood
and
other
useful
things，they
give
him
cool
places，and
they
help
to
stop
drought
and
flood.
Unluckily，in
many
parts
of
the
world，man
has
not
found
that
the
third
of
these
points
is
the
most
important.
Man
wants
to
make
money
from
trees，so
he
has
cut
them
down
in
large
numbers，only
to
find
that
without
them
he
has
lost
the
best
friends
he
had.
And
also，he
is
usually
too
careless
to
plant
and
look
after
new
trees.
So
the
forests
slowly
disappear.
This
does
not
only
mean
that
man
will
have
fewer
trees.
The
results
are
even
worse:
for
where
there
are
trees，their
roots
break
up
soil—make
the
rain
in—and
also
bind(凝固)
the
soil，thus
stopping
it
from
being
washed
away
easily；but
where
there
are
no
trees，the
rain
falls
on
hard
ground
and
flows
away，causing
floods
and
carrying
away
the
rich
topsoil.
When
all
the
topsoil
is
gone，nothing
is
left
but
useless
desert.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们树木对人类有三种重要的用处，人类却不合理的对待树木以至于森林慢慢减少并且给人类带来洪涝、干旱等灾害，同时文章也暗示我们要保护森林使其免遭大量的砍伐。
1．The
most
important
points
of
trees
to
man
is
．
A．they
help
him
to
make
money
B．they
give
him
cool
C．they
give
him
wood
and
other
things
D．they
help
him
to
stop
drought
and
floods
D [细节理解题。根据文章第一段和第二段第一句“Unluckily，in
many
parts
of
the
world，man
has
not
found
that
the
third
of
these
points
is
the
most
important.”可知树木对人类最重要的一点是他们能帮助人类阻止干旱和洪水。故选D。]
2．In
many
places，forests
slowly
disappear
because
．
A．many
trees
have
been
cut
down
by
man
B．new
trees
are
not
well
looked
after
C．man
has
not
paid
enough
attention
to
planting
trees
D．all
the
above
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Man
wants
to
make
money
from
trees，so
he
has
cut
them
down
in
large
numbers，only
to
find
that
without
them
he
has
lost
the
best
friends
he
had.
And
also，he
is
usually
too
careless
to
plant
and
look
after
new
trees.
So
the
forests
slowly
disappear.”描述可知选项A、B、C都是人为的造成许多地方森林慢慢消失的原因。故选D。]
3．Land
becomes
desert
after
all
trees
are
cut
down
because
．
A．roots
of
trees
break
up
the
soil
B．there
are
too
many
rainfalls
C．strong
winds
bring
a
lot
of
sand
D．there
are
no
longer
trees
to
keep
the
rain
and
protect
the
topsoil
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，当所有的树木被砍伐后陆地就会变成沙漠是因为再也没有树木保留住雨水和保护表层土壤。故选D。]
4．Which
title
best
fits
the
passage?
A．Trees
and
Man
B．The
Function
of
Tree
Wood
C．How
Do
People
Do
with
Trees？
D．The
Usage
of
Tree
Roots
A [标题归纳题。文章第一段讲树木对人类的用处，下面几段又讲人类是怎么不合理的对待树木的。所以本文最好的题目是树木和人类。故选A。]
B
Be
honest，when
was
the
last
time
you
cried?
If
you're
one
of
those
who
say
they
never
cry，the
statistics
are
against
you.
Women
reportedly
cry
64
times
a
year
on
average，while
men
shed(流)tears
about
17
times.
Everyone
from
professional
athletes
such
as
Michael
Jordan
to
politicians
like
Barack
Obama
has
been
caught
crying
at
least
once.
But
why
do
we
cry?
Some
psychologists
believe
crying
is
our
body's
response
when
we're
helpless.
Even
if
we're
surprised
by
happy
news，we
may
still
cry.
Other
psychologists
say
that
when
we
cry，we're
trying
to
get
others
to
help
us
out
when
we're
surprised，sad，angry，scared，or
in
danger.
Therapist(临床专家)Judith
Kay
Nelson
says
that
our
experience
with
crying
as
babies
may
determine
how
we
view
crying
when
we're
older.
Some
parents
are
quick
to
try
and
calm
their
kids
down
whenever
they
start
crying.
Those
children
will
likely
find
crying
in
their
adult
years
brings
a
similar
comfort.
On
the
other
hand，those
whose
parents
became
angered
by
their
crying
probably
won't
feel
crying
has
the
same
calming
effect.
Many
people
believe
crying
can
actually
make
a
person
feel
better.
But
according
to
studies，whether
it
makes
us
feel
better
or
not
depends
on
the
reactions
of
others.
If
others
react
positively，we'll
feel
better.
On
the
contrary，we'll
feel
worse.
People's
reactions
to
crying
have
a
lot
to
do
with
the
gender(性别)of
the
person
weeping.
In
the
West，it's
generally
acceptable
for
women
to
be
seen
crying.
In
Britain，boys
are
taught
not
to
cry.
Even
though
people
are
becoming
more
enlightened
about
tears，crying
in
males
is
still
viewed
as
a
sign
of
weakness.
Philip
Hodson，an
expert
on
male
emotions，has
a
different
viewpoint.
“In
truth，crying
isn't
weakness；it's
a
relaxation
system，”
he
says.
“If
we
don't
use
this
system，we're
not
being
very
intelligent.”
After
all，everybody
cries.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍无论男性还是女性，我们都会哭泣，并研究我们哭泣的原因。
5．What
can
be
learned
about
the
act
of
crying
from
the
statistics?
A．Everyone，regardless
of
sex，cries.
B．Some
people
never
cry.
C．Women
often
cry
for
no
reason
at
all.
D．Men
actually
cry
more
than
women.
A [推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Women
reportedly
cry
64
times
a
year
on
average，while
men
shed
tears
about
17
times.”可知，女性平均每年哭泣64次，而男性每年流泪约17次，从而可以推断出无论男性还是女性，每个人都会哭。故选A。]
6．Which
is
the
opinion
of
therapist
Judith
Kay
Nelson?
A．The
act
of
crying
has
a
calming
effect
on
all
of
us.
B．Parents
shouldn't
rush
to
calm
their
baby
when
it
cries.
C．The
way
we
view
crying
is
shaped
by
our
childhood
experience.
D．Parents'
responses
to
a
crying
baby
will
determine
its
personality
type.
C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Therapist(临床专家)Judith
Kay
Nelson
says
that
our
experience
with
crying
as
babies
may
determine
how
we
view
crying
when
we're
older.”可知，临床专家朱迪思凯·尼尔森认为，婴儿时期的哭泣经历可能会决定我们长大后如何看待哭泣，即我们看待哭泣的方式是由童年经历塑造的。故选C。]
7．What
is
said
about
crying
making
a
person
feel
better?
A．It
is
completely
false.
B．It
is
dependent
on
a
person's
age.
C．It
is
true
only
for
men.
D．It
is
influenced
by
others'
responses.
D [细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“But
according
to
studies，whether
it
makes
us
feel
better
or
not
depends
on
the
reactions
of
others.”根据研究，哭泣是否能让我们感觉更好取决于其他人的反应。故选D。]
8．What
can
we
infer
about
Western
cultures
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．Only
intelligent
people
can
relax
by
crying.
B．Crying
is
still
less
socially
acceptable
for
males
than
females.
C．Males
are
now
encouraged
to
express
their
emotions
through
crying.
D．British
people
consider
it
unhealthy
to
keep
feelings
bottled
up
inside.
B [推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“In
the
West，it's
generally
acceptable
for
women
to
be
seen
crying.
In
Britain
boys
are
taught
not
to
cry.
Even
though
people
are
becoming
more
enlightened
about
tears，crying
in
males
is
still
viewed
as
a
sign
of
weakness.”可知，在西方，看到女人哭是可以接受的，但男性哭泣仍被视为软弱的表现，从而可以推断出男性对哭泣的接受程度仍然低于女性。故选B。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
For
most
teens，bedtime
is
just
a
childhood
memory.
Keep
in
mind
the
risks
that
come
along
with
a
lack
(缺乏)
of
shut?eye；don't
wait
to
reintroduce
a
bedtime，and
be
sure
to
pass
along
these
five
ways
to
get
a
better
sleep.
Don't
stay
up
late
to
study.
Teens
are
often
found
staying
up
late
to
study.
Studies
show
sleep
helps
you
understand
and
remember
information.
1
If
you
think
you
badly
need
to
study
more，get
up
early
and
study
in
the
morning
instead.
2
Sleeping
with
your
smartphone
nearby
results
in
21
minutes
less
sleep
each
night.
If
your
phone
is
easy
to
reach，you'll
probably
end
up
using
it
when
you
should
be
dreaming.
Turn
your
phone
on
airplane
mode
(飞行模式)．
Even
if
your
phone
is
out
of
reach，you
may
want
to
get
up
and
check
it
when
you
hear
it.
Turn
your
phone
on
airplane
mode.
3
Create
a
bedtime
routine
(常规)．
4
Having
a
bedtime
routine
will
cause
your
body
to
prepare
for
sleep
around
that
time
each
night.
Set
a
time
you
think
is
proper
and
stick
to
it.
Use
your
desk
for
working
and
your
bed
for
sleeping.
Getting
into
bed
to
do
homework，read，or
check
your
phone
may
make
you
feel
good.
5
A．Bedtimes
aren't
just
for
babies.
B．Don't
sleep
right
by
your
phone.
C．Besides，sleeping
by
your
phone
may
be
harmful
to
your
health.
D．But
getting
into
bed
should
be
a
sign
for
sleep，not
other
activities.
E．Your
texts
won't
come
until
you
turn
airplane
mode
off
in
the
morning.
F．That's
why
teens
often
get
poor
grades
when
they
cannot
get
enough
sleep.
G．After
all，your
bed
is
likely
one
of
the
most
comfortable
spaces
in
your
home.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了五种方式来帮助青少年获得更好的睡眠。
1．F [由“Don't
stay
up
late
to
study”中的“Teens
are
often
found
staying
up
late
to
study.
Studies
show
sleep
helps
you
understand
and
remember
information.
If
you
think
you
badly
need
to
study
more，get
up
early
and
study
in
the
morning
instead.”可知，经常发现青少年熬夜学习。研究表明睡眠有助于你理解和记住信息。如果你认为自己迫切需要多学习，那就早起，在早上学习。所以空处在文中要起到承上启下的作用。故F选项“这就是为什么青少年经常在睡眠不足时成绩很差的原因”符合句意。故F选项切题。]
2．B [由“Sleeping
with
your
smartphone
nearby
results
in
21
minutes
less
sleep
each
night.
If
your
phone
is
easy
to
reach，you'll
probably
end
up
using
it
when
you
should
be
dreaming.”可知，每天晚上在手机旁睡觉的人每天会少睡21分钟。如果你的手机很容易拿到，那么你很可能在做梦的时候就会用上它。所以本段主要在说明睡觉时手机在旁边所带来的害处，意在告诉我们睡觉时不要把手机放在身旁。也就是本段的标题所要表达的内容。故B选项“睡觉时不要把手机放在身旁”符合句意。故B选项切题。]
3．E [由本段标题“Turn
your
phone
on
airplane
mode”可知，将你的手机切换为飞行模式。所以空处要说明手机飞行模式所能够起到的作用。故E选项“直到你早上关掉飞行模式，你的短信才会出现”符合题意。故E选项切题。]
4．A [由“Create
a
bedtime
routine”中的“Having
a
bedtime
routine
will
cause
your
body
to
prepare
for
sleep
around
that
time
each
night.
Set
a
time
you
think
is
proper
and
stick
to
it.”可知，每天晚上有规律的睡觉时间会让你的身体为睡觉做好准备。设定一个你认为合适的时间并坚持下去。故A选项“睡觉的时间不只是为婴儿设定的”符合句意。故A选项切题。]
5．D [由“Use
your
desk
for
working
and
your
bed
for
sleeping”中的“Getting
into
bed
to
do
homework，read，or
check
your
phone
may
make
you
feel
good”可知，躺在床上做作业、阅读或查看手机可能会让你感觉良好。所以空处要与前一句话表示转折关系，才能够说明本段的主题。通过对比选项，只有D选项中有转折连词but。故D选项“但是上床睡觉应该是睡觉的信号，而不是要做其他活动的信号”符合句意。故D选项切题。]
PAGEUNIT
3
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
课时分层作业(八)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．She
said
that
she
would
go(go)
there
the
next
day.
2．I
told
him
that
he
had
left(leave)
his
book
in
my
room.
3．The
teacher
told
us
the
earth
moves(move)
around
the
sun.
4．Jack
asked
John
where
he
was
going
when
he
met(meet)
him
in
the
street.
5．She
said
that
she
had
gone
there
to
see
the
doctor
two
days
before．
6．All
told
us
that
hunger
and
starvation(starve)
are
returning
to
their
country.
7．They
are
not
restricted
to
working(work)
for
one
boss
or
one
department.
8．There
is
some
doubt
whether
he
is
the
best
man
for
the
job.
9．Not
only
he
but
also
all
his
family
are(be)
keen
on
concerts.
10．I
also
submit
to
the
board
our
suggestions
and
recommendations.
Ⅱ.完形填空
“None
of
us
get
out
of
life
alive，so
be
brave
and
be
thankful
for
all
the
opportunities
you
have.”
Those
were
1
words
said
by
18?year?old
Jake
Bailey，a
cancer
patient.
Bailey
was
in
the
leading
position
of
the
Students'
Union.
The
young
man
had
planned
to
2
at
his
high
school's
end?of?year
ceremony
(典礼)on
schedule.
3
，just
the
week
before，he
received
shocking
news.After
several
weeks
of
not
feeling
well，tests
showed
that
he
had
a
fast?growing
form
of
cancer.
Doctors
said，without
4
，he
would
only
have
weeks
to
live，so
they
didn't
allow
him
to
take
part
in
the
event.
But
Bailey
put
on
his
school
uniform
along
with
his
5
face
and
left
his
hospital
bed
to
give
the
inspiring
speech
to
his
6
.
Without
doubt，his
surprise
appearance
shocked
everyone
at
the
ceremony.
Sitting
in
the
wheelchair，he
began
to
7
his
ideas.
He
expressed
that
a
strong?willed
person
would
not
easily
8
，no
matter
how
hard
life
was.
At
the
speech，Bailey
encouraged
his
schoolmates
to
9
their
time.
“The
future
is
truly
in
our
hands.
Forget
about
having
impractical
long?term
dreams.
Let's
be
10
to
short?term
goals，”
He
continued.
“We
don't
know
where
we
might
end
up，or
when
we
will
end
up，so
work
with
pride
on
what
is
11
us.”
When
the
senior
12
his
speech
with
the
school's
13
，“Altiora
Peto，”
which
means
“I
fight
for
higher
things”，the
entire
room
burst
into
cheers.
14
，Bailey's
message
was
heard
loud
and
clear.
Bailey
then
closed
his
eyes
and
15
the
words
“Thank
you”．
【语篇解读】 本文讲述的是一位18岁的癌症患者按原计划在他高中的年终典礼上如期发言的故事。他表示，无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的。
1．A.unbelievable
B．genuine
C．inspiring
D．amazing
C [根据“我们没有人能活着离开生活，所以要勇敢，要感谢你所拥有的所有机会”，这是一位18岁的癌症患者说的话，所以这些话是“令人受鼓舞的”，故选C。]
2．A.speak
B．chat
C．sing
D．debate
A [这个年轻人按原计划在他高中的年终典礼上如期发言。故选A。]
3．A.So
B．Instead
C．Besides
D．However
D [根据下文中的“tests
showed
that
he
had
a
fast?growing
form
of
cancer”和上文的had
planned可知此处是转折关系，“然而，就在一周前，他收到了令人震惊的消息。”故选D。]
4．A.doubt
B．hope
C．treatment
D．delay
C [医生说，如果不治疗，他只能活几个星期。故选C。]
5．A.determined
B．frightened
C．satisfied
D．surprised
A [根据后半句的“left
his
hospital
bed
to
give
the
inspiring
speech”可知，他“坚决地”离开医院去给他的同学做演讲。故选A。]
6．A.friends
B．family
C．schoolmates
D．roommates
C [他坚决地离开医院去给他的同学做演讲。故选C。]
7．A.explain
B．form
C．share
D．change
C [坐在轮椅上，他开始分享他的想法。故选C。]
8．A.turn
up
B．give
in
C．break
up
D．cut
down
B [他表示，无论生活多么艰难，一个意志坚强的人是不会轻易屈服的。结合句意可知答案为B。]
9．A.gain
B．treasure
C．spend
D．spare
B [在演讲中，Bailey鼓励同学们珍惜时间。故选B。]
10．A.devoted
B．limited
C．admitted
D．lost
A [be
devoted
to“忠诚于……”，答案为A。]
11．A.in
place
of
B．in
front
of
C．in
charge
of
D．in
search
of
B [我们不知道会在哪里结束，也不知道什么时候结束，所以要自豪地面对我们面前的一切。结合句意可知答案为B。]
12．A.replaced
B．ended
C．began
D．decorated
B [当那位高年级的学生以校训结束他的演讲时，
。可知答案为B。]
13．A.motto
B．principle
C．rule
D．opinion
A [考查名词。motto座右铭；principle原则；rule规则；opinion建议。当那位高年级的学生以校训结束他的演讲时，可知答案为A。]
14．A.Finally
B．Obviously
C．Actually
D．Entirely
B [显然，Bailey传达的信息清晰响亮。然后Bailey闭上眼睛，嘴里说着“谢谢”。可知答案为B。]
15．A.mouthed
B．typed
C．recorded
D．wrote
A [参见上题解析。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
A
small
town
in
New
Zealand
has
announced
a(n)
1.
(usual)
plan
to
ban
domestic
cats
in
order
to
protect
native
wildlife.
Those
2.
currently
own
cats
will
not
be
forced
to
give
them
away,
according
to
the
plan.However,
after
their
cats
pass
away,
they
will
not
be
allowed
3.
(get)
another
one.The
cats
will
need
to
have
microchips
(芯片)
4.
(put)
just
below
the
surface
of
5.
skins
so
that
they
can
be
found
at
any
time.
Village
officials
say
the
plan
6.
(need)
because
domestic
cats
7.
(attack)
wild
animals
in
the
area.Because
of
this,
the
area's
native
wildlife
is
8.
(rapid)
disappearing.
New
Zealand
has
listed
150
animal
species
as
being
seriously
endangered
and
in
need
of
9.
(protect)．These
animals
include
a
kind
of
ant
that
only
lives
under
one
kind
of
rock,
and
a
kind
of
lizard
(蜥蜴)
that
only
lives
10.
a
certain
area.
【语篇解读】 新西兰一个小镇宣布了一项不寻常的计划，禁止养猫，以保护当地的野生动物。因为家猫一直在攻击该地区的野生动物，造成该地区的野生动物正在迅速消失。
1．unusual [考查形容词。句意：新西兰一个小镇宣布了一项不寻常的计划，禁止养猫，以保护当地的野生动物。根据后文内容可知，是“一项不寻常的计划”，故填unusual。]
2．who [考查定语从句连接词。句意：根据该计划，目前拥有猫的人不会被迫将猫送人。本句为定语从句修饰先行词those，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故填关系代词who。]
3．to
get [考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，他们的猫死后，他们将不被允许再养一只。短语be
allowed
to
do
sth.“被允许做某事”后跟不定式，故填to
get。]
4．put [考查非谓语动词。句意：猫咪们需要将微芯片放在皮肤表层以下，以便随时被发现。固定结构have
sth.done，故填过去分词put。]
5．the/their [考查冠词或物主代词。skins为名词，此处可填冠词the，或填形容词性物主代词their指代“猫咪们的”。]
6．is
needed [考查动词时态语态。句意：村里的官员说，这个计划是必要的，因为家猫一直在攻击该地区的野生动物。本句中主语plan与need构成被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，故填is
needed。]
7．are
attacking [考查动词时态语态。表示过去一直做某事并可能持续到以后用现在完成进行时，结构为have/has
been
doing，主语是复数名词，助动词用单数have，故填have
been
attacking。或者用现在进行时表示目前此时此刻的情况，故填are
attacking。]
8．rapidly [考查词性转换。句意：正因为如此，该地区的野生动物正在迅速消失。disappear为动词，需要副词修饰，故填rapidly。]
9．protection [考查词性转换。句意：新西兰已将150种动物列为严重濒危物种，需要保护。of为介词后跟名词作宾语，故填protection。]
10．in [考查介词。句意：这些动物包括一种只生活在一种岩石下的蚂蚁和一种只生活在某一地区的蜥蜴。固定短语live
in“居住在……”，故填in。]
PAGE
