2021年高考二轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练10
复合句之表语从句
1.The reason_______ he came to school late was _______he got up late.
A.why; because B.for; for C.for; as D.why; that
2.---I like staying at home, watching TV or surfing the Internet all day on Sundays.
---That’s _______I don’t agree. I think you’d better go out for a walk.
A.where B.how C.when D.what
3.According to her, the reason she was late for school was she had been stuck in traffic. However, we didn't actually believe the explanation she gave.
A.why, because, / B.why, that, /
C.that, that, that D.that, because, that
4.The reason I have to go is my mother is ill in bed.
A.why...why B.why...because
C.that...because D.why...that
5.Is this______we met them last night?
A.where B.place C.place in which D.place which
6.You are saying everyone should be equal, and this is _______ I disagree.
A.that B.what C.why D.where
7.Great changes have taken place everywhere in the city. It is no longer _______ it was 20 years ago, when it was not developed.
A.what B.how C.that D.which
8.You are saying that everyone should take equal responsibility, and that is _______ I disagree.
A.why B.where
C.what D.how
9.The reason why I declined your invitation to the picnic was ______ a job interview that day.
A.because I had B.because of having C.due to D.that I had
10.If you are passionate about something, pursue it no matter what anyone else thinks. That’s ______ dreams are achieved.
A.what B.where C.why D.how
11.The reason ________ he explained was________ he was ill and unable to go to school.
A.which; that B.why; because C.which; because D.why; that
12.The reason __________ Mary came here was __________ she wanted to see me.
A.why; because B.why; that C.that; because D.which; that
13.What she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A.why B.what C.which D.how
14.“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____?my mother used to tell me.
A.what B.how
C.that D.whether
15.(2018· 北京)This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A.how B.which
C.that D.what
16.The reason ___ he was late was ___ he got up late.
A.why, why B.why, because C.why, that D.why, as
17.The reason for _____ he had the accident was _____ he was too careless when driving.
A.that; because B.which; because C.which; that D.that; that
18.Young people are seeking excitement and challenges, and going where big companies are is ____ leads to so many old people being left alone in villages.
A.where B.when
C.what D.who
19.The traditional view is _____________ we sleep because our brain is "programmed" to make us do so.
A.when B.why
C.whether D.that
20.Believe it or not, I am sure that is ________ people call the sixth sense.
A.what B.that
C.which D.how
21.Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s _____ it takes to do anything well.
A.how B.which C.what D.where
22.—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?
—No, that’s ________ they are mistaken.
A.where B.what C.when D.how
23.The reason ________ the TV networks are forced to come up with better shows is ________ nowadays more and more young parents prefer to spend time reading stories to their kids rather than root themselves in front of the TV.
A.why; because B.that; because C.that; that D.why; that
24.Everyone on this planet is different, and that's______ makes it such a beautiful place.
A.When B.how C.what D.why
25.The famous player tried again and again after each failure. That’s _____ he succeeded at last.
A.what B.when
C.whether D.why
26.What Tom’s parents really doubt is ________ he will recover from the serious disease soon.
A.that B.when
C.whether D.how
27.He’s as a “bellyacher”—he’s always complaining about something.
A.who is known B.whom is known
C.what is known D.which is known
28.It looks you are ill. You should go to see the doctor.
A.as B.which
C.as though D.whether
29.Respect is not one-way traffic but mutual, and that might be we fight back in the trade friction against the USA .
A.where B.because C.why D.how
30.(2018·江苏)By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A.where B.when
C.why D.how
31.(2018· 北京)Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A.how B.when
C.where D.why
32.Diligence and self-discipline are ________ need to make it to our ideal university in the near future, especially at this particular moment.
A.all that B.all what C.that all D.what all
33.The reason ______ girls outperform boys at all levels of education is ______ girls mature faster than boys and are more disciplined and conscientious.
A.why, because B.how, that C.how, because D.why, that
34.We don't have the same interest. That's ________the problem lies.
A.where B.what C.how D.which
35.Experience is ______ you get when you don’t get ______ you want.
A.that…that B.what…what C.all…that D.how…all
36.Many experts hold the view that teachers’ development is _______ the key to better education lies.
A.which B.what C.where D.how
37.Can it be ______ in a fast-changing world we don’t know what to teach our children today?
A.which B.that C.why D.since
38.With wonderful views of mountains and beaches,Lovers Point Park is________many people get married.
A.where B.what C.which D.how
39.The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; because B.that; that C.why; because D.why; that
40.Once _______ in the forest, we should remain ________ we are and wait for help.
A.losing; there B.losing; where C.lost; there D.lost; where
41.—What’s your understanding of success,Robert?
—In my view,success is________preparation and chances meet.
A.how B.why C.what D.where
42.The beauty of a tournament like the World Cup is ________ it can be wildly unpredictable.
A.whether B.how C.that D.why
43.Education is ______________ survives when knowledge taught in class has been forgotten.
A.how B.who C.what D.which
44.Social media paints this rosy picture that everyone else 's lives are perfect,but things are seldom_______they seem.
A.which B.what C.how D.where
45.I always read newspapers backwards because the back pages are ______ the sport is.
A.that B.where C.how D.what .
46.If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s ______ you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful activities.
A.when B.why C.where D.how
47.It is generally acknowledged that loving your life is _____ the key to happiness lies.
A.what B.why C.where D.whether
48.Much to the couple's comfort,their income is now double ________ it was five years ago.
A.that B.if C.which D.what
49.As days go on,I think that Beijing will become ________ the whole world pay close attention to.
A.where B.what C.which D.that
50.Thor is no longer _______ he was two years ago.
A.that B.who C.what D.which
51.The reason _______ he was fired was _______ he was often late with his work.
A.which; that B.that; because C.why; because D.why; that
52.It sounds _______ the situation is unlikely to improve.
A.as if B.how C.as D.so that
53.The only time my father really stops thinking about work is_____our whole family are on vacation.
A.that B.when C.where D.which
54.It is not how much you read but ________ you read ________ really counts
A.that… what B.what… that
C.that… that D.what… what
55.What really worries us is __________the explorers can accurately locate themselves with the old device in case of bad weather.
A.that B.where C.what D.whether
56.You are saying that he is dishonest, and this is I disagree.
A.why B.where C.what D.which
57.As is known to all, the Tower of London was as a matter of fact _______used to be a prison _______ some famous victims were held in.
A.where; where B.which; where C.that; what D.what; that
58.Many people have heard of the "brain drain". This is ___________ happens __________ people with good skills and a good education move to other country for study or work, often at great expense to their home countries.
A.which;when B.what;that
C.what;when D.why;when
59.I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is _______ he never finishes anything.
A.why B.where C.when D.that
60.Our country is developing at an amazing speed,which is____makes me feel so proud.
A.what B.why C.that D.where
答案与解析
1.D
【解析】
考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意:他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。第一空考查定语从句,句中先行词为reason,在后面的定语从句中作原因状语,应使用关系副词why引导;第二空为表语从句,从句不缺少成分且句意完整,应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选D。
2.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:---我喜欢在星期天呆在家里,整天看电视或上网。---这就是我不同意的地方。我想你最好出去走走。分析题意,表语从句部分缺“状语”所以从句引导词用连接副词,根据句意可知,此处缺“不同意的方面/地方”。综合分析,故选A项。
3.B
【解析】
考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意:据她说,她上学迟到的原因是堵车了。然而,我们并不相信她给出的解释。第一空为定语从句,先行词the reason在定语从句中作原因状语,所以用关系副词why引导;第二空为表语从句,从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,所以用连接词that;第三空为定语从句,先行词为explanation,在定语从句中作gave的宾语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。先行词在定语从句中作宾语,可以省略关系词。故选B。
4.D
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:我必须去的理由是我母亲卧病在床。第一空为定语从句,先行词reason在从句中做原因状语,所以用引导词why或for which,故排除C项;第二空为is后面的表语从句,解释原因,从句句意完整,成分齐全,所以用引导词that。故选D。
5.A
【解析】
考查表语从句的引导词。句意:这是我们上次见面的地方吗?分析句子的结构可知:设空处应引导表语从句,结合句意,从句缺少地点状语。故答案为A。
6.D
【解析】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意:你说每个人都应该是平等的,这是我不同意的地方。此处为表语从句,disagree为不及物动词,后面不需要直接加宾语,从句中缺少的是地点状语,故应用where引导。故选D。
7.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:这个城市到处都发生了巨大的变化。它不再是20年前的样子了,那时它还不发达。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个表语从句,且引导词在从句中作表语,表示“它20年前的样子”,应使用连接代词what引导,故选A项。
8.B
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:你是说每个人都应该承担平等的责任,这正是我不同意的地方。disagree是一个不及物动词,不能直接加宾语,故空格处是作状语,根据语境,空格处表示地点,故选B。
9.D
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:我拒绝你的野餐邀请是因为那天我有一个工作面试。由 declined和 was可知,事情发生在过去,本句时态全是一般过去时,先行词The reason后接定语从句(why I declined your invitation to the picnic),The reason是主语,was缺乏表语,______ a job interview that day是一个表语从句,由句意可知,此处指“那天我有一个工作面试(I had a job interview that day)”,从句结构完整,不缺任何成分,用只起连接作用的that引导。故选D项。
10.D
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:如果你对某件事充满热情,那么不管其他人怎么想,你都应坚持下去。那是使梦想成为现实的做法。A. what什么;B. where哪里;C. why为什么;D. how如何,怎样。空格后的从句缺少状语,应使用连接副词。第一句话是使梦想成真的做法,即“怎样”做才能实现梦想。故选D。
11.A
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他解释的原因是他生病了,不能去上学。第一空为限定性定语从句,修饰先行词reason,且先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,应用关系代词which/that;第二空为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,应用只起连接作用的that。故选A。
12.B
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:玛丽来这里的原因是她想见我。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词reason,先行词在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why;第二空为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,故应用只起连接作用的that。句型the reason why...is that...表示“……的原因是……”。故选B。
13.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:她不能理解的是为什么越来越少的学生对她的课感兴趣。what she couldn’t understand是主语从句,what在主语从句中作宾语。后面是一个表语从句,句子结构很完整所以应该使用连接副词,再从句意考虑,句中缺少原因状语,所以使用why。故选A。
14.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:“每次你吃糖的时候,你要喝绿茶。”这是妈妈过去常常给我说的话。这里是what引导的表语从句,what在从句中作tell的宾语;表语从句里缺少的是宾语;that和whether在表语从句中不作成分,why在表语从句中不能作宾语。故选A。
15.D
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难,抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句,该空在从句中做teach的宾语,且表示“父亲教我的道理”,故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时,how表方式,意为“如何”;which意为“哪一个”,that在只起引导从句的作用,不做成分。
点睛:what是常见的名词性从句引导词之一,它除了引导从句作用之外,还在从句中做主语,宾语,表语或者定语。根据不同的语境,what可以表示不同的意思,例如“……的东西或事情”,“……的人或样子”等。
16.C
【解析】
考查定语从句关系词和表语从句引导词。句意:他迟到的原因是他起得晚。The reason ___ he was late是定语从句,先行词是the reason,在从句中作原因状语,使用关系副词why;___ he got up late是表语从句,从句结构完整,不缺成分,使用只起引导作用的that。故选C项。
17.C
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他发生事故的原因是他开车太粗心。分析句子结构,第一空引导定语从句,修饰名词the reason,从句不缺成分,需用关系副词引导,先行词在定语从句中作原因状语,需用why引导,why=for which,第一空填which;第二空位于系动词was后面,引导表语从句,从句不缺成分,且句意完整,需用连接词that引导。故选C。
18.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:年轻人寻找刺激和挑战,去了大公司所在的地方是导致许多老人独自留在农村的原因。此处为表语从句,从句中缺少主语,应使用what引导。故C选项正确。
19.D
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:传统观点认为,我们之所以睡觉是因为大脑中有“程序”让我们这么做。分析句子可知,此处不缺少任何成分,when做时间状语,why做原因状语,根据句意,故排除A、B;表语从句中的内容是确定的,故排除C。that引导表语从句,不作成分,无词义,仅起引导作用,故选D。
20.A
【解析】
考查表语从句的引导词。句意:信不信由你,我确信这就是人们所说的第六感。_______ people call the sixth sense是表语从句,且从句缺少call的宾语,用what引导。故选A。
21.C
【解析】
考查连接词。句意:坚持不懈是一种品质,这是做好任何事情所需要的。此处为表语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指代事情应用what引导。故选C。
【点睛】
名词性从句关键在于三点:
一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句;
二、连接词从句中充当的成分(主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分);
三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意,近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
22.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:—你认为中国的妈妈给孩子做一切的事情是明智的吗?—不,那正是她们错误的地方。本句中的____ they are mistaken是一个表语从句,与前面的系动词is构成系表结构。在句中where作地点状语,,表示“……的地方”。what“……的(东西,样子等)”;when“……的时候”;how“如何;……的方式”。根据句意说明A正确。故选A。
23.D
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:电视台被迫想出更好的节目的原因是,如今越来越多年轻的父母更喜欢花时间给孩子读故事,而不是扎根在电视机前。第一空引导一个定语从句,先行词是reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语,所以使用why引导;第二空引导一个表语从句,从句结构、意义完整,应使用that引导,故选D项。
24.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:这个星球上的每个人都不一样,那是使得这个星球成为美丽的地方的东西。分析句子可知,系动词is后是表语从句,从句缺少主语,what引导表语从句,从句中作主语,when“……的时候”作时间状语;how“如何”作方式状语;why“为什么;……的原因”作原因状语。故选C。
25.D
【解析】
考查表语从句连接词。句意:在每次失败后,这位著名的球员一次又一次地尝试。那就是他为什么最后会成功。be动词后面是一个表语从句,根据前文的tried again and again after each failure可知,空格处填why,前文是he succeeded at last的原因,故选D。
26.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:考查表语从句。句意:让汤姆的父母真正怀疑的是他是否能很快从重病中康复。分析句子可知本句为表语从句,连接词表示“是否”。故选C项。
27.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:他作为一个满腹牢骚者而出名—他总是抱怨一些事。is后是表语从句。A.who表示“谁”;B.whom为who的宾格形式,在定语从句中充当宾语;C.what在名词性从句中充当宾语或表语或主语;D.which表示“哪一个”,在从句中充当主语。此处的空格引导了表语从句,并充当了从句的主语两种成分,故填what。故选C。
28.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:看起来你好像病了,你应该去看医生。A. as因为,随着;B. which哪一个;C. as though好像,仿佛;D. whether是否。根据“You should go to see the doctor.”可知,对方看起来好像病了,所以用as if引导宾语从句。故选C。
29.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意:尊重不是单向的,而是相互的,这可能就是我们要在贸易摩擦中反击美国的原因。本句为表语从句,从句中缺少原因状语,故用why引导。故选C。
【点睛】
名词性从句关键在于三点:一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分清是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词在从句中充当的成分(主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分)三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意,近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。
30.D
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:乘船是到达这里唯一的途径,这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知,后面为表语从句,这里用连接副词how引导表语从句,充当方式状语,表示“如何”。故选D。
点睛:本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构,然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知,作方式状语,就不难选出正确答案。
31.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式,when表时间,where表地点,why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们所处的位置,故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
点睛:表语从句是指一个句子充当表语,通俗的说就是系动词be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词有that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how等。
32.D
【解析】
考查表语从句和all的位置。句意:在不久的将来,尤其是在这个特殊的时刻,进入理想大学所需要的是我们的勤奋和自律。need sth. to do sth.意为“需要某物做某事”,表语从句中need后缺少宾语,故用what。all通常放在实义动词之前,故填what all,故选D项。
33.D
【解析】
考查关系词和连接词。句意:女孩在教育的所有阶段都要胜出男孩一筹的理由是女孩比男孩成熟的要快的多,而且更自律更认真细心。这里考查的是固定句型的连词使用。使用的句型是the reason why… is that …。why引导的是定语从句,从句中作原因状语。that引导表语从句。故选D
34.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:我们没有相同的爱好。那就是问题的所在。分析句子结构可知,设空处是表语从句的连接词,从句成分完整,从句中lie是不及物动词,根据句意可知,缺少地点状语,所以用表示地点的连接副词where引导表语从句,故选A项。
35.B
【解析】
考查表语从句及宾语从句。句意:经验是当你没得到想得到之物时所得到的东西。。分析句子结构,谓语is后接表语从句,且you get后缺少宾语(故不能用that引导);you don’t get后为宾语从句,want后同样缺少宾语。两个从句意思分别为“你得到的东西”和“你想要的东西”,故从句引导词表达的是“……的东西”,应使用what作引导词,故选B。
36.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:很多专家们持有这样一个观点,教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导表语从句。分析句意可知,连接词在从句中作地点状语,即教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在,故连接词应用where。故选C项。
37.B
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:难道在这个瞬息万变的世界,我们不知道该怎么教育我们的孩子?分析句子可知,本句为表语从句,从句句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that。故选B项。
38.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:“情侣角”公园拥有美丽的山景和海滩,许多人在那里结婚。A. where在哪里;B. what什么;C. which哪一个;D. how怎样,如何。分析句子结构,主句主语是Lovers Point Park,是一个地点,be动词is后面是表语从句,从句是一个主系表结构。该空所填引导词应该在表语从句中作地点状语。故选A。
39.D
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
40.D
【解析】
考查状语从句的省略和名词性从句。句意:一旦在森林里迷路了,我们就应该待在原地,等待救援。Once _______ in the forest是一个条件状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同,且含有be动词,所以从句主语连同be动词可以一起省略。be lost in在……中迷路,是固定用法。remain是系动词,后接表语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,所以用连接副词where。故选D。
41.D
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:——罗伯特,你对成功的理解是什么?——在我看来,成功是准备和机会相遇的地方。分析句子可知,此句为表语从句,用连接副词where引导,在从句中作地点状语,表示“……的地方”。故选D。
42.C
【解析】
考查连接词。句意:像世界杯这样的赛事的美妙之处在于,它完全不可预测。此处为表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,故应用that引导。故选C。
43.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:当课堂上传授的知识被遗忘时,教育依然存在。此处引导表语从句,从句缺少主语,应使用what引导,指代“依然存在的东西”。故选C。
44.B
【解析】
考察名词性从句,句意:社交媒体营造了一种美好的假象,那就是每个人的生活看上去都很完美,但事实上事情很少是表面上所看到的那样。分析句子可知,空格前things are seldom (to be) 缺少表语,表语从句they seem (to be) 缺少表语,故用what,引导表语从句做主语,宾语或表语,故选B。
45.B
【解析】
考察名词性从句。句意:我总是倒着看报纸,因为报纸的后页是关于运动的。分析句子可知,表语从句“______ the sport is”中缺少地点状语,故选B。
46.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:如果你沉迷于手机,那么该是你放下手机,参加有意义的活动的时候了。此处是表语从句,引导词在从句中作时间状语,应使用when引导。故选A。
47.C
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:众所周知,热爱生活是幸福的关键所在。分析句子可知,本句为表语从句,连接词在从句中充当状语,且幸福的关键所在表示地点,只能用where。故选C项。
48.D
【解析】
考查表语从句连接词。句意:令这对夫妇非常欣慰的是,他们现在的收入是五年前的两倍。分析句子成分可知,该句为主系表结构,________ it was five years ago为表语从句,该表语从句中缺少表语,意为“所(获得)的(收入)”,故用what引出,故选D。
【点睛】
what和that均可引导名词性从句中的主语表语、宾语从句,具体区别为:what 可在从句中用作主语、宾语或表语,意为“什么”或“所…的”,不能省略;而 that 仅起连接作用,本身没有实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句子成分(引导宾语从句时通常可以省略)。如:
He doesn’t know what she likes. 他不知道她喜欢什么。
What you say is quite right. 你所说的相当正确。
该表语从句________ it was five years ago中缺少标语成分,故用what,意为“所(获得)的(收入)”,选D。
49.B
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:随着时间流逝,我觉得北京将会成为全世界的焦点。分析句子结构可知,空白处与其后的句子需要充当前句的表语,考虑表语从句,而后句中缺少宾语,语意上需要表示“(全世界关注的)地方/城市/东西”,事物属性,要用what作连接词。where表示“……的地方;在哪里”;which“哪一个”;that无词义,不做成分。根据句意,故选B项。
50.C
【解析】
考查表语从句的引导词。句意:Thor不再是两年前的样子了。that引导表语从句时在从句中不做成分;who表示的是自然人本身,也就是说某个确定的人。就本题而言,不论过了多少年,Thor始终是Thor本人,因此不用who he was,而what则同时包含年龄、成绩、环境等等附着在自然人身上的各种属性,因此,为了准确地表达出人的状态发生变化的语义,用what而不是who;which意为“哪个,哪些”,不合乎句意的需要。故选C。
51.D
【解析】
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他被解雇的原因是他经常工作迟到。
名词reason作先行词,在后面的定语从句中做原因状语,由why引导定语从句;名词reason作主语,后面的表语从句句意和句子结构完整,所以由that引导表语从句。故选D。
【点睛】
reason理由(名词),reasonable合情合理的(形容词)
1. reason (1)the reason for sth. /doing sth.为某事或做某事的理由。the reason for his being late他迟到的理由。
(2)reason理由(名词),在句中做主语,后面的表语从句用that引导。The reason was that he had little education.理由是他受教育少。
(3)reason理由(名词),作先行词,在定语从句中作原因状语时用why引导定语从句,比如:The reason why he was late for class was that his mother was ill.他上课迟到的理由是她的妈妈病了。reason理由(名词),作先行词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语时用that/which,比如:The reason that/which she gave me was that she had got up late.他给我的理由是他起床晚了。
2. reasonable合情合理的(形容词),连系动词后面作表语。
What he said sounded reasonable.他说的话是合情合理的。
52.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:听起来情况似乎不太可能改善。A. as if好像;B. how如何;C. as正像;D. so that因此。句中sound“听起来”,是连系动词,结合句意后面是as if引导的表语从句。故选A。
53.B
【解析】
考查表语从句连接副词。句意:只有当全家一起度假的时候,我父亲才不会去想工作上的事情。分析句子可知,“_____our whole family are on vacation.”在句中作表语,是表语从句,空格在表语从句中作时间状语,需用连接副词when,表示“在……时候”。故选B。
54.B
【解析】
考查表语从句和强调句。句意:真正重要的不是你读了多少书,而是你读了什么。第一空________ you read是is后的表语从句,缺宾语,故填what。第二空为强调句,结构为it is/was …that…,故第二空填that。故B项正确。
【点睛】
判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法是将其结构it is/was …that…去掉,若句子还完整,则为强调句。例如此题中,去掉结构后的句子为Not how much you read but what you read really counts.依旧完整,故而是强调句。
55.D
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:真正让我们担心的是,在恶劣的天气条件下,探险者们能否用旧设备准确定位自己的位置。that引导表语从句,无词义,不作成分,仅起引导作用;where“……的地方”作状语;what“什么;……的(样子,东西……)”,作主语、宾语或表语。依据题意,此处用连词whether“是否”引导的表语从句,故选D。
56.B
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:你是说他不诚实,在这一点上我不同意。此处be动词后面是一个表语从句,从句缺少引导词,disagree“不同”是不及物动词,排除C/D项,结合句意可知选B项。
57.D
【解析】
考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意:众所周知,伦敦塔实际上曾经是一个监狱,曾经有一些著名的受害者被关在里面。分析句子可知,as a matter of fact是插入语,第一个从句放在be动词后,属于表语从句,从句部分缺主语,指物,应用what表示“……的东西”;第二从句是限定性定语从句,先行词为prison,先行词在从句中充当介词in的宾语,应该用关系代词that来引导。故选D项。
58.C
【解析】
考查表语从句和时间状语从句。句意:许多人听说过“人才外流”。当拥有良好技能和良好教育的人转移到其他国家学习或工作时,这种情况就会发生,通常会给他们的祖国带来巨大的损失。第一空是引导表语从句,从句缺主语,用what引导,第二空是引导时间状语从句,用when引导。故选C。
59.A
【解析】
考查表语从句。句意:恐怕他是一个健谈的人,而不是一个实干家,这就是为什么他从不完成任何事情。分析句子结构可知,which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面的整个句子he is more of a talker than a doer;在定语从句中,is后面为表语从句,由语境可知which指代的内容是表语从句指代内容的原因,故用why引导表语从句。故选A项。
60.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:我们的国家正在以惊人的速度发展,这是使我感到骄傲的地方。____makes me feel so proud是表语从句,该从句缺少主语,且表示名词意思“使我感到骄傲的事物”,此时,该从句应用what引导。故选A。