2021年高考二轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练11
复合句之同位语从句
1.The news ______our football team won got around quickly.
A.which B.what C.that D.whatever
2.A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A.if B.when
C.that D.which
3.The truth________the factory would break down made all the workers shocked
A.of which B.that C.about that D.what
4.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday party. Have you got any idea ______ the party is to be held?
A.what B.which C.that D.where
5.Word came _______ Chinese climbers made it to the top of Mount Qomolangma once again on May, 27th. I was always wondering _______ they managed to make such a great achievement .
A.which; why B.that; why C.that; how D.when; how
6.Obviously, there was little probability _______ they would succeed, but they didn’t mind.
A.which B.that C.what D.how
7.Word came _______ the long-awaited agreement was reached after seven months of negotiation ended at 3 am yesterday.
A.what B.that C.when D.which
8.There is solid evidence ________ some computer games ________ violent behavior in young children.
A.that; contribute B.that; encourage C.which; encourage D.whether; contribute
9.Word came ___ some American guests would visit our school .
A.whether B.that C.as D.how
10.He told us the news ___ our team had won the match .
A.which B.that C.why D.when
11.After three days' waiting, there was a little doubt in the mother's mind _______ the police could find her lost child.
A.how B.that
C.where D.whether
12.I have no doubt _______ he’ll come to our help if we call him.
A.whether B.if
C.that D.when
13.As Polly observed the passengers on the train. she had a feeling____________ she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.
A.where B.when C.which D.that
14.The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money to conduct the research.
A.what B.if C.that D.whether
15.There is no agreement among scientists ________ the active ingredients (成分) in many chemical sunscreens are safe.
A.whose B.that C.who D.as
16.There__________in the world_______China is a great country with a long history and rich culture.
A.are no doubt;that B.are not doubts;if
C.is no doubt;that D.is not doubt;if
17.People have the belief _______ factories should produce fewer things from raw materials, ________ the supply is growing smaller and smaller.
A.which; that B.that; of which
C.that; whose D.which; whose
18.We were wild with joy when word came________our school team had won first place in the debate contest.
A.whether B.how C.that D.why
19.-The news came ___the film directed by Peter won an award.
-When was that?
- _______ was in 2018____he was still in college.
A.when ;That ;that. B.that; That; that.
C.that; It; that. D.that; It ;when.
20._____ was known to all , William had broken his promise ______ he would give us a rise.
A.As; which B.As; that C.It; that
21.The thought _____ I might lose my way made me feel _____.
A.what;worrying B.that; worrying
C.what; worried D.that; worried
22.(2016·天津)The manager put forward a suggestion __________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A.whether B.that
C.which D.what
23.There is no _______ evidence _______ the plane crashed into the South China Sea at present.
A.convincing; as B.convinced; that
C.convincing; that D.convinced; which
24.I didn’t receive the news _______ the meeting had been put off.
A.which B.as C.what D.that
25.Word came ______ his poem won the first prize.
A.that B.whether C.as D.because
26.Many experts hold the same view ______ teachers’ development is ______ the key to better education lies in.
A.that; where B.which; where C.that; what D.which; what
27.Now that energy prices are rising so rapidly, further prices are very uncertain, and the risk a new investment depending on them may fail is greater.
A.by which B.of C.that D.in that
28.In the past decade, our education system_________too much on grades. However, there is always some doubt________grades have a direct connection with future success.
A.focused; whether B.focused; if C.has focused; whether D.has focused; if
29.A saying goes_____ all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy.
A.that; makes B.which; makes C.that; make D.which; make
30.We should consider students’ suggestion _________ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A.that B.when C.whether D.why
31.The result of his experiment led to the conclusion______ ice will decrease when it melts.
A./ B.what C.which D.that
32.There is a common belief among the students in our school _____ they should make great efforts to learn and reach the peak of their academic performances.
A.which B.that C.whether D.if
33.The whole nation responds to the call _______ everybody shall wear masks wherever they go.
A.which B.that C.when D.because
34.The question occurred to me ____ the book was worth reading.
A.what B.whether C.which D.if
35.Many experts stick to the view ______ teacher development is the key to the education quality.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
36.There is a general consensus among teachers _____ children should have a broad understanding of the world.
A.where B.whether C.that D.how
37.Due to the fact ____there is plenty to see, it would be better if you make a list of____ you want to go in advance.
A.that; where B.what; where C.that; which D.which; when
38.—How do you find the 5G cell phones?
—Oh,quite good.A new function has been developed on this new model_____it has faster data transmission and lower delay
A.that B.which C.what D.whether
39.All of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays ___we jumped with joy.
A.that; that B.what; and then C.what; that D.which; so
40.__________ is no possibility __________ Bob can win the first prize in the match .
A.There ; whether B.There ; that C.It ; whether D.It ; that
41.All of us applauded the proposal _____ every cent should be used where it is needed most.
A.that B.what C.which D.whether
42.I have no doubt _______ we’ll succeed.
A.what B.whether C.when D.that
43.Last Sunday he made a promise _______ he was free he would take me to Beijing for a visit.
A.if B.when C.that if D.whether
44.When we start gazing into the night sky with a telescope, the realization will suddenly come over us _______ we and our world are part of this giant system.
A.as B.where C.that D.whether
45.Oh! It’s 9 o’clock! I know________ is no possibility ________ I can catch up with the train.
A.there; that B.it; that C.there; whether D.it; if
46.Considerable evidence has been found over the years ________lack of exercise is connected with increased risk of cancer.
A.whether B.that
C.why D.how
47.Steve Jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company.
A.despite… which B.regardless… that
C.in spite of… that D.against… in which
48.There can be no doubt____________teachers love hardworking students.
A.where B.that C.which D.whether
49.Group activities can help children gain the concept_______team spirit is crucial to more achievements.
A.that B.where C.what D.which
50.He told me the news this morning ______ his father had come back.
A.which B.that C.Both A and B D.when
51.A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward the new industry, also suggests a widespread concern _________ it may be “running out of control”.
A.that B.when C.while D.if
52.There is some evidence, scientists report, ________ eating garlic may guard against cancer.
A.which B.that C.as D.who
53.__________is a certain doubt among people __________the official advertisement has a misleading effect on customers’ choices of electronic products.
A.It; that B.There; that C.It; whether D.There; whether
54.His prediction ________ the stock market would experience major changes came true.
A.what B.that C.which D.in which
55.Scientists are studying animals to look for proof _____ they have feelings similar to ours.
A.that B.what C.whether D.which
56.As an enterprising and considerate teacher, he often thinks ____ he can motivate his students when they have no idea ____ is in store for them.
A.how; what B.why; what C.how; that D.that; what
57.After the deadly collision, the relatives of the kids protected them from the knowledge_______ their parents had already passed away.
A.when B.where C.that D.which
58.Word came __________ Napoleon would come to inspect them.
A.when B.why C.how D.that
59.There is a basic assumption in international law a state will protect its citizens.
A.what B.that C.which D.where
60.There is no doubt ______ they will be happy to accept the job.
A.what B.that C.whether D.if
答案与解析
1.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:我们足球队获胜的消息很快就传开了。分析句子可知,从句是对名词news的解释和说明,所以考查同位语从句。分析从句可知,从句不缺少成分且句意完整,所以用连接词that。故选C。
2.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:突然一股暖意由然而生,我可以用零用钱买些花做为妈妈的生日礼物。A warm thought是同位词,that连接的是同位语从句,对thought的内容进行解释说明。从句不缺少成分,且句意完整。故选C。
3.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:工厂要倒闭的消息使所有的工人都很震惊。本句为同位语从句,解释 truth的具体内容,从句成分完整,用that仅起连接作用,无实义。故选B项。
4.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句的引导词。句意:明天是汤姆的生日。你知道生日聚会在哪儿举行吗?idea后是一个同位语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,因此用where,故选D项。
5.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:有消息称,中国登山者于5月27日再次登顶珠峰。我一直想知道他们是如何取得如此巨大的成就的。第一空:这是个同位语从句,后面的从句是word的同位语,从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,所以用that引导;第二空:从句位于动词wonder之后,是宾语从句,从句缺少方式状语,根据句意可知,用how引导。故选C。
【点睛】
名词性从句考查,首先判定是名词性从句,然后确定空出的意义,最后结合个连接词的用法来判定使用哪个连接词。本题第一空是同位语从句,从句是前面word的内容,用that引导,第二空是宾语从句,结合句意可知,需要表达“怎样”用how引导。
6.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:显然,他们成功的可能性很小,但他们并不介意。分析句子可知, _______ they would succeed为同位语从句,解释说明probability,连接词在从句中不充当任何成分,也不缺少任何意思,用that连接,故选B。
7.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:消息传来,经过7个月的谈判后,终于在昨天凌晨3点达成了这份期待已久的协议。分析句子结构可知,空处引导一个同位语从句,对Word的内容进行解释说明,空后的从句结构、意义完整,应使用that引导,故选B项。
8.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句和动词词义辨析。句意:有确凿的证据表明,一些电脑游戏助长了青少年的暴力行为。A. that; contribute连接词,贡献/促成;B. that; encourage连接词,怂恿/助长;C. which; encourage关系代词,怂恿/助长;D. whether; contribute是否,贡献/促成。分析句子结构可知,第一空处引导同位语从句,对名词evidence起补充说明作用,从句成分和意义都完整,应用连接词that;第二空考查动词词义辨析,结合句意可知,此处用encourage“怂恿”符合语境。故选B项。
9.B
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:有消息说一些美国客人要来参观我们学校。分析句子,此处的先行词为抽象名词,且从句部分为改抽象名词的内容。故该从句为同位语从句。经过成分分析后可知,从句部分不缺任何成分且不缺句意。综合分析,故选B项。
10.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:他告诉我们,我们队赢了比赛的消息。此处为同位语从句,解释说明news,从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,故用只起连接作用的that引导。故选B。
11.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意为:在等了三天之后,母亲的心中产生了点怀疑,警察是否能够找到她丢失的孩子。whether the police could find her lost child是同位语从句,是对doubt起着补充说明作用。故选D。
12.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:如果我们打电话给他,我相信他一定会来帮助我们的。分析句子结构可知此处为同位语从句,从句结构完整,用that只起引导作用,不作任何成分,补充说明doubt的内容,故C项正确。
13.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:当波莉看到火车上的乘客时。她有一种感觉,她正被一个穿黑大衣的高个子男人监视着。feeling后接同位语从句,从句句意和句子成分完整,所以连接词为that。故选D项。
14.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句连接词。句意:会上提出了我们是否有足够的钱进行这项研究的问题。whether引出同位语从句,说明the question的内容,表示“是否”,而if不能引出同位语从句。故选D。
15.B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意:,科学家没有对对于活性成分(成分)在许多化学防晒霜是安全的达成共识。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导从句作同位语,表示的是解释说明agreement的内容;从句表达完整的意思,不缺少成分;故答案为B。
16.C
【解析】
考查固定句型和同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,中国是世界上有着悠久历史、丰富文化的一个大国。分析句子可知,本句为句型there is no doubt that引导,表示“毫无疑问……”。本句为that引导的同位语从句,句意和句子结构完整。故选C项。
17.B
【解析】
考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意:人们认为工厂应该少用原材料生产东西,且对此的供给也会愈来愈少。第一空表示的belief一词的同位语从句,故使用that一词;第二空为非限制性定语从句的考查,其先行词为前面一句中的“few things”,故使用“of which”适合;如果要使用whose一词引导的话应该去掉supply前面的定冠词the才可以,故选B项适合。
18.C
【解析】
考查连接词。句意:当我们的校队在辩论赛中获得第一名的消息传来时,我们欣喜若狂。本句为同位语从句修饰word,且从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,故用that。故选C。
19.D
【解析】
考查连接词、代词和定语从句关系词。句意:——有消息说彼得导演的那部电影获奖了。——什么时候的事?——那是在2018年,当时他还在上大学。第一空为同为语从句修饰news,且从句中不缺少成分,故用that;第二空指代上文“彼得导演的那部电影获奖”这件事用代词it;第三空为定语从句修饰先行词2018,且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故用关系副词when。综上,故选D。
【点睛】
定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:
(1)一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等)
(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why)
(3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)
20.B
【解析】
考查非限制性定语从句和同位语从句。句意:众所周知,威廉违背了给我们晋升的诺言。分析句子结构可知,第一个空是关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是逗号后面的句子,且先行词在从句中做主语,如果用it做形式主语,all之后就不能加逗号;promise之后引导的是同位语从句,解释说明promise的内容,用that来引导同位语从句。综上所述,故选B。
21.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句、~ing形容词和~ed形容词的区别。句意:我可能会迷路的想法让我感到担心。~ing 形容词经常修饰事物,意思是“令人怎么样的”,~ed形容词经常修饰人或者人的表情及反应等,意思是“人感觉如何”。此处表示“我感到担忧”,因此使用worried。从句是在解释名词thought的内容,从句在语意和成分上均完整,因此使用that引导同位语从句。故选D。
22.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句:句意:经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容,而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导,that不作成分,只是起着引导的作用。故选B。
23.C
【解析】
考查形容词和同位语从句。句意:目前还没有令人信服的证据表明,这架飞机在中国南海平面坠毁。convincing表示“令人信服的”,convinced表示“确信的,深信的”,所以这里应该用convincing,修饰evidence。evidence后接同位语从句,从句句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that。故选C。
24.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:我没有收到会议推迟的消息。此处为同位语从句解释说明名词news,且从句中不缺少成分,且句意完整,只起连接作用应用that。故选D。
25.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意:有消息说他的诗得了一等奖。A. that引导名词性从句,只起连接作用;B. whether是否,引导名词性从句,只起连接作用;C. as因为,正如;D. because因为。此处为同位语从句,解释说明word,且从句中不缺少成分,故应用that。故选A。
26.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句和表语从句。句意:很多专家们持有相同的观点——教师的发展是教育提升的关键所在。第一个空引导的句子在解释说明view观点,是同位语从句,从句中不缺少成分,只起连接作用应用that;第二个空位于be动词之后是表语从句,且从句中介词in缺少宾语,结合句意应用what。故选C。
27.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句连接词。句意:现在能源价格上涨如此之快,进一步的价格是非常不确定的,依赖于能源价格的新投资失败的风险更大。the risk a new investment depending on them may fail is greater,主句结构是the risk is greater,the risk 后面接了一个同位语从句a new investment depending on them may fail,这里从句主语a new investment,从句谓语结构may fail,depending on them是定语修饰investment(相当于定语从句a new investment which depends on them),同位语从句结构完整,不缺任何意义,用不做任何成分且无意义的that引导。故选C项。
28.C
【解析】
考查时态和连接词。句意:在过去的十年里,我们的教育体系过于注重成绩。然而,成绩是否与将来的成功有直接的联系,总是有一些疑问。根据In the past decade可知,第一个空为现在完成时。第二个句子为同位从句,根据句意可知,应填表示“是否”的连接词。there is some doubt whether...。故选C项。
29.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句和主谓一致。句意:俗话说得好,只学习不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。第一空为同位语从句,说明A saying的具体内容,从句成分完整,用that仅起连接作用,无实义;all work and no play___________ Jack a dull boy是一则谚语,第二空all work and no play整体视为一个主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故A项正确。
30.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:我们应该考虑学生的(关于)学校图书馆(应该)提供更多的科普书籍的建议。分析可知,“the school library provide more books on popular science”应是之前名词“students’ suggestion”的同位语从句,解释说明其具体内容。此处suggestion 为“建议”含义,其后的同位语从句应是虚拟语气句式,即:从句中的谓语动词要用“(should+)动词原形”的形式,其中should一词可省略。结合从句句子成分结构完整,句意完整,应用that引导从句。故选A项。
【点睛】
同位语从句的引导词的选择
1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。(即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略)
例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“是否”的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。(if不能引导同位语从句)
例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
析:the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加“是否”的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。
3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义,应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。
例:I have no idea when he will be back.
析:he will be back意义不完整,应加“什么时候”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容,因此应用when引导同位语从句。
例:I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.
析:he went home意义不完整,应加“如何”的含义才能表达impression的全部内容,因此应用how引导同位语从句。
比如本题:
We should consider students’ suggestion _________ the school library provide more books on popular science.
A. that B. when C. whether D. why
本题中可以根据句意分析得知,空后内容应是之前名词的同位语从句,同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句,即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略。因此该题的答案应是A项。
31.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:他的实验结果得出结论,冰融化时,会减少。在这句话中conclusion(结论)后所跟的句子就是对conclusion的解释说明,两者是同一个事物,所以是同位语从句。在同位语从句中不缺成分,所以用that起引导作用。故此题选D。
32.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:我们学校的学生有一个共同的信念,那就是他们应该努力学习,达到学业的顶峰。在这句话中名词belief(信念)后所带的从句,就是对这个名词belief(信念)的解释说明,两者是同一个事物,所以是同位语从句。而且在这句话中成分完整,不缺其他意思,只起引导作用,故用that引导起连接作用。故此题选B。
33.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:全国人民都响应了这个号召,无论去哪儿,都要戴上口罩。A. which哪一个;B. that(无意义);C. when何时;D. because因为。分析句子可知,本题考查同位语从句的引导词,同位语从句_______ everybody shall wear masks wherever they go对名词call起解释作用,它的成分和意义都完整,应用连接词that,故选B项。
34.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句引导词。句意:我突然想到这个问题,即这本书是否值得一读。分析句子可知,The question后接一个同位语从句(the book was worth reading),从句不缺成分,需加意义“是否”,应用whether(是否),if(是否)不引导同位语从句。故选B项。
35.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:许多专家都坚持教师发展是教学质量的关键这一观点。横线后所表达的意思就是view的具体内容,所以两者是同一个事物,也就是同位语从句,而从句只需要起连接作用,故用that。故选C。
36.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:老师们普遍认为孩子们应该对世界有广泛的了解。分析句子,划线后面的“孩子们应该对世界有广泛的了解”为general consensus的内容,故从句部分是同位语从句。分析句意可知,同位语从句部分不缺成分也不缺含义。所以应用连接词that。故选C项。
37.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:因为有很多东西可以看,所以最好事先列一张你想去的地方的清单。第一个空是由fact引导的同位语从句。因为横线后的内容就是fact的内容,所以是同位语从句,这里只起引导作用,故填that。第二个空是跟在介词of后作宾语,所以是宾语从句。“go”在表示“去”的含义时是不及物动词,所以宾语从句中就缺地点状语,所以用where引导表示地点。故选A。
38.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:——你认为5G手机怎么样?——噢,相当好。这种新机型的新功能已经开发出来,它具有更快的数据传输和更低的延迟。分析句子可知,空处引导一个同位语从句,对名词function解释说明。故选A项。
39.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句和定语从句的用法。句意:当听到我们将去国外度假的消息时,我们大家都如此的兴奋,以至于都欢呼雀跃起来。第一空,这个消息就是即将去国外度假这件事情,它们之间是同位语关系,故用that引导同位语从句。而我们欢呼雀跃的目的是去度假这件事情。第二空考查so … that …“如此……以至于……”。所以用that引导定语从句。故选A。
40.B
【解析】
考查固定句型。句意:鲍勃在比赛中赢得一等奖是不可能的。句型There is no possibility that…意思为:没有……可能性;不可能……。第一空是There be…句型,表示“有”;第二空后“__________ Bob can win the first prize in the match”是同位语从句,修饰先行词possibility,同位语从句句意完整,不缺少任何成分,因此用that引导。故选B项。
41.A
【解析】
考查名词性从句中的同位语从句。句意:我们所有人都同意这个提议把每一分钱都用在最需要的地方。这里的proposal提议是一个抽象名词,后面需要进行阐述说明这个提议的具体内容。这里的名词和后面的从句表达的同一个意思,所以是同位语从句。而且这里的从句成分已经完整了,所以选择that起一个引导作用,并且不可以省略。故答案选A。
42.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,我们会成功。I have no doubt that…名词doubt后为同位语从句,从句句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that。故选D项。
43.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句和条件状语从句。句意:上星期天他答应我,如果他有空,他就带我游览北京。分析句子可知,promise后接同位语从句,句意和句子结构完整,所以连接词为that, 根据句意,同位语从句为if引导的条件状语从句。故选C项。
44.C
【解析】
考查名词性从句连接词。句意:当我们开始用望远镜凝视夜空时,我们会突然意识到我们和我们的世界都是这个巨大系统的一部分。分析句子结构,“we and our world are part of this giant system”是同位语从句,先行词是the realization;同位语从句中不缺少任何成分,因此用that引导从句。故选C项。
45.A
【解析】
考查固定句式。句意:噢!现在九点了,我知道赶上火车是不可能了。句意:噢!现在九点了,我知道赶上火车是不可能了。固定句式:there is no possibility that…. 意思是“……是不可能的”。本句中的that 引导的是同位语从句,只起到引导作用。 故选A项。
46.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:多年来,大量的证据表明缺乏锻炼会增加患癌症的风险。此处用that引导的同位语从句,说明evidence的具体内容。故选B。
47.C
【解析】
考查介词及同位语从句的引导词。句意:乔布斯被他雇用和信任的人从苹果公司解雇,尽管他是公司的合伙人。A. despite即使,尽管;B. regardless不管,不顾;C. in spite of尽管;不管,不顾;D. against反对。regardless 需与of连用,因此B项错误;against的意义不符合句意的需要,因此D项错误;despite 和in spite of都可以使用。分析句子结构可知,第二个空格后的句子的成分和语意都是完整的,这里需要填入that引导同位语从句,解释说明名词fact,因此A项的which错误。故选C。
48.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句连接词。句意:毫无疑问老师都喜欢用功的学生。固定句型There is no doubt that…表示“毫无疑问……”,that 后面的内容就是毫无疑问的事实。故选 B。
49.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:小组活动可以帮助孩子们获得团队精神对取得更多成就至关重要的观念。此处是同位语从句,从句句子成分齐全,应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选A。
【点睛】
同位语从句的学习是英语学习者都要过的一关,虽然有些难,但小编为大家整理了与同位语从句相关的语法知识,首先,我们从引导词讲起:引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。
1. 由that引导
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
注意:在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如:
They expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
2. 由whether引导
There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。
We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的问题。
注意:whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句。
3. 由连接代词引导
Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么时候开始吗?
Then I had no idea what a casino was.当时我不知道赌场是什么样的地方。
4. 由连接副词引导
I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做的问题。
He had no idea why she left. 他不知道她为什么离开。
You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我多着急
如本题设空处引导同位语从句,从句句子成分齐全,应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选A。
50.B
【解析】
考查连接词。句意:他今天早上告诉我他父亲回来的消息。此处为同位语从句,从句中不缺少成分,故用that引导。故选B。
51.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句连接词。句意:最近的一项研究,虽然显示出对新兴产业普遍持积极态度,但也表明人们普遍担心新兴产业可能“失控”。A. that引导名词性从句,只起连接作用,无实意;B. when当……时候;C. while然而,当……时候;D. if假如。分析句子可知,a widespread concern后面接了一个同位语从句,从句意义完整,不缺成分,应用that引导同位语从句,that在从句中不充当任何成分,无任何意义,一般不省略。故选A项。
52.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句的连接词。句意:科学家报告说,有一些证据表明吃大蒜可以预防癌症。分析句子成分可知,scientists report 是插入语,some evidence和eating garlic may guard against cancer是同位语,因此要用that连接,且that不充当成分,也不能省略。故选B项。
53.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句和固定句式。句意:人们对官方广告是否会误导消费者选择电子产品存在一定的怀疑。分析可知,“__________the official advertisement has a misleading effect on customers’ choices of electronic products”应是之前名词doubt的同位语从句,根据语境,表示“是否”,且本句属于同位语从句固定句式结构:there is doubt whether+从句,其中whether引导同位语从句对名词doubt进行补充说明。故选D项。
54.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:他对于股票市场将发生重大变化的预言实现了。分析可知,“__________the stock market would experience major changes”应是之前名词“his prediction”的同位语从句,对其进行解释说明。从句句式结构完整,应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选B项。
55.A
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:科学家们正在研究动物,以寻找它们与我们有相似感觉的证据。抽象名词proof之后的从句they have feelings similar to ours不缺少句子成分,说明了proof的具体内容,因此是proof的同位语从句,且从句结构和意思完整,故用that引导。故选A项。
【点睛】
that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别可以从结构上区分:that是否做成分。that在定语从句中要充当成分,比如从句的主语或宾语;而that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,仅起连接词的作用。如本题目中抽象名词proof之后的从句they have feelings similar to ours不缺少句子成分,说明了proof的具体内容,因此是proof的同位语从句,且从句结构和意思完整,故用that引导。
56.A
【解析】
考查状语从句和同位语从句。句意:作为一个有进取心和体贴的老师,他经常想,当学生们不知道前方什么在等着他们时,他如何才能激励他们。分析句子可知,第一个空中缺少方式状语,表示“他如何才能激励他们”,故应用how来引导;第二个空中idea是一个名词,其后跟了一个同位语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“当学生们不知道前方什么在等着他们时”,故应用what来引导。结合选项,故选A。
57.C
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:在那次致命的撞车之后,孩子们的亲属保护他们,不让他们知道他们的父母已经去世了。their parents had already passed away.是一个同位语从句,解释前面的抽象名词knowledge。引导词在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义,故选C。
58.D
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:有消息说Napoleon将来视察他们。分析句子成分,这句话的主语是word,谓语动词是came,后边的陈述句Napoleon would come to inspect them是word的具体内容,所以word与后边整句话是同位语关系。又由于后面这句话是完整的陈述句,所以连接词使用that。故选D。
【点睛】
同位语从句,在句中作某些名词的同位语,对前面的名词进一步说明。一般用在下列抽象名词fact,news,ide a,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt,truth,order,suggestion,word之后。如果作同位语的是陈述句,使用that作引导词。如果是一般疑问句,使用whether作引导词。如果是特殊疑问句,就使用适合的连接代词what,who,whom,whose和连接副词when,where,how,why引导同位语从句。例如本题中,作同位语的就是一个陈述句,所以使用引导词that。
59.B
【解析】
考查名词性从句。句意:国际法中有一个基本的假设,即一个国家会保护其公民。分析句子可知,此句为同位语从句,从句“ a state will protect its citizens.”是来解释名词assumption。从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,所以用that引导。故选B。
【点睛】
考查名词性从句,首先判断属于哪种名词性从句,再判断从句缺少什么成分,如果缺少主宾表,用what,不缺少成分和意思用that,缺少疑问词根据句意判断。本题考查同位语从句,分析从句可知,从句不缺少成分,且句意完整,所以用that引导。
60.B
【解析】
考查同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,他们会很开心接受这个工作。There is no doubt that毫无疑问……,that引导同位语从句。故选B。