2021届高考二轮复习英语句法增分精练：12 复合句之定语从句1（关系代词） Word版含解析
文档属性
| 名称 | 2021届高考二轮复习英语句法增分精练：12 复合句之定语从句1（关系代词） Word版含解析 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 32.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-01-23 00:09:27 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
2021年高考二轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练12
复合句之定语从句1（关系代词）
1.The reason_________he explained at the meeting didn't sound reasonable.
A.why B.for that C.for which D.which
2.This is the school_________he used to study English in.
A.where B.in which C.that D.when
3.Biologists suggest that as climate change progresses, some insects may become trapped — like fish out of water — in habitats _____ can no longer support them.
A.that B.where C.when D.who
4.Here are some of the people ________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.
A.when B.whose C.whom D.that
5.China is widely known for its ancient civilization ________ has continued all the way through into modern times.
A.why B.where C.when D.which
6.I can’t help but remember the precious child ______ smile has brought me countless hours of joy throughout the years.
A.whose B.who C.whom D.of which
7.The longest walk _______ I took was about 20 miles.
A.which B.whom C.that D.where
8.I have found the book ______ will help me a lot.
A.that B.who C.where D.why
9.A harvester is a machine _____we harvest crops or a person_______is harvesting.
A.which; who B.that; that C.with which; who D./; that
10.Since parents advise children on so many things, they will probably be the first people _____ advice their children seek.
A.that B.when C.who D.whose
11.I will never forget the days _______we spent and the place _______ we stayed.
A.which; which B.when; where
C.when: which D.which; where
12.Is this the reason _______he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A.／ B.what C.how D.why
13.The digital age enables us to find people share our interests.
A.which B.who C.what D.where
14.We should respect the people ________ devote themselves to fighting against COVID-19.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
15.Mount Tai is such an attractive place _________ almost everyone prefers to appreciate.
A.as B.which C.that D.what
16.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
17.— Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
— Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A.what; that B.what; what C.which; which D.that; that
18.Which one of the following sentences is the compound sentence(并列句)?
A.The man he mentioned was my classmate.
B.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
C.Because the weather is so bad, we have to stay at home.
D.Mr. Li was ill, so I was taking his class instead.
19.To help friends, you should help others the way _______ you have been helped.
A.that B.when C.which D.why
20.Last term our maths teacher set so difficult a problem in the exam ______ none of us could work out.
A.as B.that C.for D.and
21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.
A.how B.that C.what D.which
22.There are many people __________ on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
23.This is the most exciting film __________ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.who D.whose
24.All the scenes and people _____were recorded on mobile phones or digital cameras are well connected.
A./ B.which
C.who D.that
25.Everyone in the world has a dream, a passion in their life _____ urges them to move forward.
A.that B.where C.what D.in which
26.Friends love to get together and talk about the days they spent together.
A.when B.that C.who D.what
27.I saw a man shouting at a driver ______ car was blocking the street.
A.that B.which C.whose D.who
28.This is one of the largest factories been rebuilt since last year.
A.which have B.that have C.which has D.that has
29.The police asked the witnesses to tell them all ______ they saw when the accident happened.
A.where B.which C.that D.what
30.Is this secondary school ______ we visited last month?
A.the one B.in which C.what D.that
31.Our country is accelerating the construction of Xiong'an New District,_______will be a green, low-carbon, open, innovative and highly-competitive city.
A.one B.one that C.that D.what
32.Which of the following sentences is correct?
A.If you start to feel nervous or stressful, do not reach for a cigarette.
B.Don’t choose a day that you know it is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam.
C.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
D.Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HV/AIDS risks to get the virus.
33.Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things ______ upset us.
A.who B.that C.which D.as
34.The people who _____Net worms are those _____are addicted to the Internet.
A.referred to as; who B.are called; whom
C.are known as; who D.are known for; whom
35.The building, from ______top visitors can enjoy a good view of Sanya, attracts hundreds of tourists every day.
A.which B.whose C.its D.where
36.The students ________ don’t exercise much or ________ diet is rich in fat will gain weight.
A.that…whom B.who…whose C.who…which D.whose…that
37.Those are the most wonderful books ________ they have ever read.
A.which B.where C.in which D.that
38.That is the reason ________ for his being late in class yesterday.
A.what he explained B.he explained
C.how he explained D.why he explained
39.They talked about their classmates and things_______ they still remembered in the middle school.
A.who B.whom C.that D.which
40.According to her, the reason she was late for school was she had been stuck in traffic. However, we didn't actually believe the explanation she gave.
A.why, because, / B.why, that, /
C.that, that, that D.that, because, that
41.He would never forget the time they first met. It was five years ago he was introduced to the whole class as a new student. Since then the good time they spent together have always stayed in his heart.
A.when, when, / B.that, that, /
C.that, when, when D.when, that, when
42.Most live in poor countries, but there are also some boys and girls cannot go to school in rich countries.
A.which B.when C.what D.who
43.It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A.who, where B.that, how C.who, that D.that, which
44.Is this museum ________ your friends ________ yesterday?
A.that; referred to B.which; was referred to
C.where; referred to D.the one; referred to
45.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.
A.which B.that C.all what D.all that
答案与解析
1.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他在会议上解释的原因听起来不合理。A. why关系副词； B. for that （错误表达）；C. for which(相当于关系副词why) ；D.which关系代词。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系词代替它在从句he explained at the meeting 中充当explain的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选D。
2.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是他曾经学习英语的学校。A. where关系副词（地点状语）；B. in which（相当于关系副词）；C. that关系代词；D. when关系副词（时间状语）。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the school，关系词代替它在从句中充当介词in的宾语，应用关系代词that。故选C。
3.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：生物学家认为，随着气候变化的发展，一些昆虫可能会像鱼一样被困在栖息地中，而这些栖息地已经不能再支撑它们了。分析句子可知，从句是定语从句，先行词是habitats，从句中缺主语，所以用that引导。故选A。
4.B
【详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：这里有一些房屋被台风摧毁的人。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，且先行词与从句中的homes是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选B项。
5.D
【详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名于世，它一直延续到现代。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是civilization，在从句中作主语，应填关系代词which。故选D项。
6.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我不禁想起那个可爱的孩子，多年来，她/他的微笑给我带来了很多欢乐。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是child，关系词代替它在从句中充当smile的定语，应用关系代词whose。故选A。
7.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我走的最长的路是20英里。分析句子可知， _______ I took是一个定语从句，先行词是The longest walk，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故选C。
8.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我已经找到了那本对我很有帮助的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that引导。故选A。
9.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：收割机是一种我们用来收割庄稼的机器或者一个收割庄稼的人。第一空为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词machine，且表示“用”应用with，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故选C。
10.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由于父母给孩子提供如此多的建议，他们很可能是孩子第一个寻求建议的人。分析句子可知， _____ advice their children seek是定语从句，先行词是指人的people，在定语从句中作advice的定语，用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故选D。
11.D
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：我永远不会忘记我们度过的日子和我们呆过的地方。分析句子可知，本句的两处空白处均考查的是定语从句的关系词。第一处先行词为“the days”，在定语从句“we spent”中作“spent”的宾语，所以关系词可用that/which；第二处的先行词为“the place”，在定语从句“we stayed”中，“stay”是不及物动词，所以在句中做地点状语，所以关系词用where。故答案为D。
12.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是他在会上解释工作中粗心大意的原因吗？此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，且先行词在从句中作explain宾语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导，或先行词在从句中作宾语时直接省略关系词不填。故选A。
13.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：数字时代使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导。故选B。
14.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们应该尊重致力于与新冠病毒作战的人们。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是the people，在从句中作主语，因此使用关系词who引导定语从句。故选B项。
15.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：泰山是一个极具吸引力的地方，几乎每个人都喜欢去欣赏。先行词place前有such，构成such … as结构。as在定语从句中作宾语。故选A。
16.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们下周要访问的工厂离这里不远。 此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词the factory，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which/that引导。故选C。
17.A
【详解】
考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：——问警卫发生什么事了吗？——是的，他告诉了我他所知道的一切。 第一空为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词all，先行词在从句中作宾语，先行词为all时，只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
18.D
【详解】
考查句型判断。根据题意要找出下列当中的并列句。A.是复合句，“ he mentioned”是定语从句；B. 是简单句，只含有一个主谓结构；C. 是复合句，because 引导的状语从句，主句是“we have to stay at home.”；D. 是并列句，其使用并列连词so连接前“Mr. Li was ill”和后“I was taking his class instead”两个分句。故选D项。
19.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了帮助朋友，你应该像别人帮助你那样帮助别人。分析句子结构，_______ you have been helped.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the way，the way作先行词，关系词为that/in which/不填。故选A项。
20.A
【详解】
考查连词。句意：上学期我们数学老师在考试中出了一道如此难的题，以致于我们谁也解不出来。分析句子可知，本句为so...as 引导的定语从句。as引导定语从句修饰“problem”,在从句中作work out的宾语。若看作“so…that…”结构,结果状语从句应加宾语,为"worked it out"，for和and引导并列句，表原因和并列，故选A项。
21.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他非常生气，我还记得他对我说话的方式。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰the way，以the way为先行词的定语从句通常用that或in which来引导，也可省略关系词。故选B。
22.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有很多人的在线活动是发送和接收电子邮件。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。
23.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。此处为定语从句修饰先行词film，先行词在从句中作宾语，且由形容词最高级修饰，只能用that引导。故选A。
24.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：所有被手机或数码相机记录下来的场景和人物都有很好的联系。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为定语从句，先行词为All the scenes and people，在从句中作主语，先行词即有人，又有物，且有不定代词All修饰，故应用关系代词that引导从句。故选D项。
25.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：世界上的每个人都有一个梦想，一种在生活中促使他们前进的激情。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句修饰名词passion，先行词是物，在从句中做主语，连接词用which或that，故选A项。
26.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：朋友们喜欢聚在一起聊聊他们在一起度过的日子。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词days在从句中充当spent的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选B。
27.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我看见一个男人朝一个挡住街道的司机汽车大喊大叫。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是driver，在定语从句中作定语，所以关系代词为whose。故填whose。
28.B
【详解】
考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：这是自去年以来重建的最大的工厂之一。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词factories指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词有形容词最高级the largest修饰，需用关系代词that引导，排除A项和C项；that指代factories，谓语动词使用复数形式，需用助动词have。故选B。
29.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：警察要求目击者告诉他们事故发生时他们所看到的一切。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词all，指物，应使用关系代词that引导。故选C。
30.A
【详解】
考查定语从句和代词。句意：这所中学是我们上个月参观的那所中学吗？将这个疑问句还原为陈述句可知，陈述句为：This secondary school is______ we visited last month.；根据陈述句可知，本句空后是一个定语从句，本句没有先行词，所以空处需用代词或名词作先行词，结合选项可知，空处需用the one作先行词，指物，在定语从句中作动词visit的宾语，关系代词that/which可省略，所以空处需填入the one。故选A。
31.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我国正在加速雄安新区的建设，一个环保、低碳、开放、创新和竞争力的城市。分析句子可知，此处先用one作为Xiong'an New District的同位语，再用定语从句修饰one，关系词代替先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词that，故选B项。
32.C
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析、定语从句和非谓语动词。A项句意：如果你开始感到紧张或压力，不要伸手去拿烟。stressed译为“紧张的、有压力的”多修饰人；而stressful译为“压力重的、产生压力的”多修饰物。此处表示人是感受到压力的，所以要用stressed来做feel的表语。故A项错误。B项句意：不要选择一个你知道会有压力的日子，比如考试那天。在定语从句中，you know做插入语，a day做先行词，在定语从句中作主语，由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，所以句中的主语it是多余的应该删去。故B项错误。D项句意：任何人与HV/AIDS感染者发生性关系都有感染病毒的风险。risk(冒险)后应该跟动名词作宾语，所以to get应该改为getting。故D项错误。C项句意：只有当疾病发展到艾滋病时，一个人才开始看起来生病了。C项句子正确。故此题选C。
33.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有时候我们应该忽略那些让我们心烦的人和事。分析句子结构，______ upset us是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the persons and things，当先行词既有人又有物时，关系词只能用that。故选B项。
34.C
【详解】
考查固定短语辨析、语态及定语从句。句意：被称为网虫的人是那些沉迷于网络的人。refer to as“称……为”，be called“被称为”，be known as“被称为，被认为是”，be known for“因为……而闻名”。分析句子成分可知，第一空是定语从句的谓语动词，与先行词the people是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态，故排除A，根据短语意思，排除D项；第二空是定语从句，先行词those，指人，在从句中做主语，应使用who引导。故选C。
35.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这座建筑每天吸引着数百名游客，游客可以从它的顶层俯瞰三亚的美景。分析题意，定语从句的先行词The building和top之间表示所属关系。此处需用whose在从句中做定语。故选B项。
36.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那些不怎么运动或饮食中富含脂肪的学生将会增加体重。分析句子可知，句中包含2个并列的定语从句，先行词是指人的students，在第一个定语从句中作主语用关系代词who或that引导；先行词在第二个定语从句中作diet的定语，用whose引导定语从句。故选B。
37.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那些是他们读过的最精彩的书。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为books，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词有形容词最高级the most wonderful修饰，需用关系代词that引导。故选D。
38.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那就是他解释昨天上课迟到的原因。分析句子结构，________ for his being late in class yesterday.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，可以用which和that引导该从句，关系词也可以省略。故选B。
39.C
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们谈论他们仍然记得的在中学的同学和事情。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，且先行词为“their classmates and things”，指人和物两方面的含义，应用关系代词that。故选C项。
40.B
【详解】
考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意：据她说，她上学迟到的原因是堵车了。然而，我们并不相信她给出的解释。第一空为定语从句，先行词the reason在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导；第二空为表语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接词that；第三空为定语从句，先行词为explanation，在定语从句中作gave的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。先行词在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略关系词。故选B。
41.A
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词和状语从句。句意：他永远不会忘记他们第一次见面的时候。五年前，他作为新生被介绍给全班同学。从那时起，他们一起度过的日子就永远留在了他心里。第一个空是定语从句，关系词指代先行词the time并在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when；第二个空为时间状语从句，根据两句话的逻辑关系，表示“当......时候”，应该用when来引导；第三个空是定语从句，关系词指代先行词the good time并在从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词that或which或不填，结合选项，故选A。
42.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数生活在贫穷国家的人，但也有一些生活在富裕国家的男孩和女孩不能上学。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是most和some boys and girls，关系词在从句中充当句子的主语，因此定语从句中用关系代词who引导，who指代生活在贫穷国家的大多数人和一些生活在富裕国家的男孩和女孩。故填who。
43.C
【详解】
考查定语从句和强调句。句意：是那个被关在监狱里的男孩偷了钱。第一空为定语从句，修饰先行词the boy ，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用who或that引导该从句；第二空为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，此处被强调部分为“the boy who had been in prison”，是人，故应用that或who。故选C。
44.D
【详解】
考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：这是你朋友昨天提到的那个博物馆吗？首先把句子还原成陈述句“This museum is _____ your friends _____ yesterday.”，根据句意和句子结构可知，空格一为句子表语，空格一后的句子为定语从句，空格一为从句的先行词，在从句中作referred to的宾语，所以空格一所填单词既要充当表语，又要充当先行词，故应用the one，代指“那个博物馆”，应用that引导从句，在从句中作宾语，that可省略。空格二涉及固定短语“refer to”，意为“提及，谈到”，与your friends之间为主动关系，根据句中yesterday可知，句子应用一般过去时，故空格二填referred to。故选D项。
45.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他对在展览会上所看到的事物感兴趣。分析句子可知，介词in后缺少宾语，had seen后也缺少宾语，我们可以直接用what引导宾语从句，但没有该选项，因此考虑用定语从句，结合选项，用all作介词in的宾语， 同时是that引导的定语从句的先行词（当先行词为all时，关系代词只能用that），故选D。
复合句之定语从句1（关系代词）
1.The reason_________he explained at the meeting didn't sound reasonable.
A.why B.for that C.for which D.which
2.This is the school_________he used to study English in.
A.where B.in which C.that D.when
3.Biologists suggest that as climate change progresses, some insects may become trapped — like fish out of water — in habitats _____ can no longer support them.
A.that B.where C.when D.who
4.Here are some of the people ________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon.
A.when B.whose C.whom D.that
5.China is widely known for its ancient civilization ________ has continued all the way through into modern times.
A.why B.where C.when D.which
6.I can’t help but remember the precious child ______ smile has brought me countless hours of joy throughout the years.
A.whose B.who C.whom D.of which
7.The longest walk _______ I took was about 20 miles.
A.which B.whom C.that D.where
8.I have found the book ______ will help me a lot.
A.that B.who C.where D.why
9.A harvester is a machine _____we harvest crops or a person_______is harvesting.
A.which; who B.that; that C.with which; who D./; that
10.Since parents advise children on so many things, they will probably be the first people _____ advice their children seek.
A.that B.when C.who D.whose
11.I will never forget the days _______we spent and the place _______ we stayed.
A.which; which B.when; where
C.when: which D.which; where
12.Is this the reason _______he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A.／ B.what C.how D.why
13.The digital age enables us to find people share our interests.
A.which B.who C.what D.where
14.We should respect the people ________ devote themselves to fighting against COVID-19.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
15.Mount Tai is such an attractive place _________ almost everyone prefers to appreciate.
A.as B.which C.that D.what
16.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A.where B.to which C.which D.in which
17.— Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
— Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
A.what; that B.what; what C.which; which D.that; that
18.Which one of the following sentences is the compound sentence(并列句)?
A.The man he mentioned was my classmate.
B.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
C.Because the weather is so bad, we have to stay at home.
D.Mr. Li was ill, so I was taking his class instead.
19.To help friends, you should help others the way _______ you have been helped.
A.that B.when C.which D.why
20.Last term our maths teacher set so difficult a problem in the exam ______ none of us could work out.
A.as B.that C.for D.and
21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.
A.how B.that C.what D.which
22.There are many people __________ on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
23.This is the most exciting film __________ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.who D.whose
24.All the scenes and people _____were recorded on mobile phones or digital cameras are well connected.
A./ B.which
C.who D.that
25.Everyone in the world has a dream, a passion in their life _____ urges them to move forward.
A.that B.where C.what D.in which
26.Friends love to get together and talk about the days they spent together.
A.when B.that C.who D.what
27.I saw a man shouting at a driver ______ car was blocking the street.
A.that B.which C.whose D.who
28.This is one of the largest factories been rebuilt since last year.
A.which have B.that have C.which has D.that has
29.The police asked the witnesses to tell them all ______ they saw when the accident happened.
A.where B.which C.that D.what
30.Is this secondary school ______ we visited last month?
A.the one B.in which C.what D.that
31.Our country is accelerating the construction of Xiong'an New District,_______will be a green, low-carbon, open, innovative and highly-competitive city.
A.one B.one that C.that D.what
32.Which of the following sentences is correct?
A.If you start to feel nervous or stressful, do not reach for a cigarette.
B.Don’t choose a day that you know it is going to be stressful, such as the day of an exam.
C.It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.
D.Anyone who has sex with a person infected with HV/AIDS risks to get the virus.
33.Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things ______ upset us.
A.who B.that C.which D.as
34.The people who _____Net worms are those _____are addicted to the Internet.
A.referred to as; who B.are called; whom
C.are known as; who D.are known for; whom
35.The building, from ______top visitors can enjoy a good view of Sanya, attracts hundreds of tourists every day.
A.which B.whose C.its D.where
36.The students ________ don’t exercise much or ________ diet is rich in fat will gain weight.
A.that…whom B.who…whose C.who…which D.whose…that
37.Those are the most wonderful books ________ they have ever read.
A.which B.where C.in which D.that
38.That is the reason ________ for his being late in class yesterday.
A.what he explained B.he explained
C.how he explained D.why he explained
39.They talked about their classmates and things_______ they still remembered in the middle school.
A.who B.whom C.that D.which
40.According to her, the reason she was late for school was she had been stuck in traffic. However, we didn't actually believe the explanation she gave.
A.why, because, / B.why, that, /
C.that, that, that D.that, because, that
41.He would never forget the time they first met. It was five years ago he was introduced to the whole class as a new student. Since then the good time they spent together have always stayed in his heart.
A.when, when, / B.that, that, /
C.that, when, when D.when, that, when
42.Most live in poor countries, but there are also some boys and girls cannot go to school in rich countries.
A.which B.when C.what D.who
43.It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A.who, where B.that, how C.who, that D.that, which
44.Is this museum ________ your friends ________ yesterday?
A.that; referred to B.which; was referred to
C.where; referred to D.the one; referred to
45.He was interested in________he had seen at the exhibition.
A.which B.that C.all what D.all that
答案与解析
1.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他在会议上解释的原因听起来不合理。A. why关系副词； B. for that （错误表达）；C. for which(相当于关系副词why) ；D.which关系代词。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系词代替它在从句he explained at the meeting 中充当explain的宾语，应用关系代词which。故选D。
2.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是他曾经学习英语的学校。A. where关系副词（地点状语）；B. in which（相当于关系副词）；C. that关系代词；D. when关系副词（时间状语）。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the school，关系词代替它在从句中充当介词in的宾语，应用关系代词that。故选C。
3.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：生物学家认为，随着气候变化的发展，一些昆虫可能会像鱼一样被困在栖息地中，而这些栖息地已经不能再支撑它们了。分析句子可知，从句是定语从句，先行词是habitats，从句中缺主语，所以用that引导。故选A。
4.B
【详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：这里有一些房屋被台风摧毁的人。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，且先行词与从句中的homes是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选B项。
5.D
【详解】
考查定语从句的关系代词。句意：中国以其古老的文明而闻名于世，它一直延续到现代。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是civilization，在从句中作主语，应填关系代词which。故选D项。
6.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我不禁想起那个可爱的孩子，多年来，她/他的微笑给我带来了很多欢乐。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是child，关系词代替它在从句中充当smile的定语，应用关系代词whose。故选A。
7.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我走的最长的路是20英里。分析句子可知， _______ I took是一个定语从句，先行词是The longest walk，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，且先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，所以只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故选C。
8.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我已经找到了那本对我很有帮助的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that引导。故选A。
9.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：收割机是一种我们用来收割庄稼的机器或者一个收割庄稼的人。第一空为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词machine，且表示“用”应用with，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词person，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who。故选C。
10.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由于父母给孩子提供如此多的建议，他们很可能是孩子第一个寻求建议的人。分析句子可知， _____ advice their children seek是定语从句，先行词是指人的people，在定语从句中作advice的定语，用关系代词whose引导定语从句，故选D。
11.D
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：我永远不会忘记我们度过的日子和我们呆过的地方。分析句子可知，本句的两处空白处均考查的是定语从句的关系词。第一处先行词为“the days”，在定语从句“we spent”中作“spent”的宾语，所以关系词可用that/which；第二处的先行词为“the place”，在定语从句“we stayed”中，“stay”是不及物动词，所以在句中做地点状语，所以关系词用where。故答案为D。
12.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这就是他在会上解释工作中粗心大意的原因吗？此处为定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，且先行词在从句中作explain宾语，指物，应用关系代词that或which引导，或先行词在从句中作宾语时直接省略关系词不填。故选A。
13.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：数字时代使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导。故选B。
14.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们应该尊重致力于与新冠病毒作战的人们。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是the people，在从句中作主语，因此使用关系词who引导定语从句。故选B项。
15.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：泰山是一个极具吸引力的地方，几乎每个人都喜欢去欣赏。先行词place前有such，构成such … as结构。as在定语从句中作宾语。故选A。
16.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们下周要访问的工厂离这里不远。 此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词the factory，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which/that引导。故选C。
17.A
【详解】
考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：——问警卫发生什么事了吗？——是的，他告诉了我他所知道的一切。 第一空为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导；第二空为定语从句修饰先行词all，先行词在从句中作宾语，先行词为all时，只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
18.D
【详解】
考查句型判断。根据题意要找出下列当中的并列句。A.是复合句，“ he mentioned”是定语从句；B. 是简单句，只含有一个主谓结构；C. 是复合句，because 引导的状语从句，主句是“we have to stay at home.”；D. 是并列句，其使用并列连词so连接前“Mr. Li was ill”和后“I was taking his class instead”两个分句。故选D项。
19.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了帮助朋友，你应该像别人帮助你那样帮助别人。分析句子结构，_______ you have been helped.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the way，the way作先行词，关系词为that/in which/不填。故选A项。
20.A
【详解】
考查连词。句意：上学期我们数学老师在考试中出了一道如此难的题，以致于我们谁也解不出来。分析句子可知，本句为so...as 引导的定语从句。as引导定语从句修饰“problem”,在从句中作work out的宾语。若看作“so…that…”结构,结果状语从句应加宾语,为"worked it out"，for和and引导并列句，表原因和并列，故选A项。
21.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他非常生气，我还记得他对我说话的方式。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰the way，以the way为先行词的定语从句通常用that或in which来引导，也可省略关系词。故选B。
22.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有很多人的在线活动是发送和接收电子邮件。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose引导。故选B。
23.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最激动人心的电影。此处为定语从句修饰先行词film，先行词在从句中作宾语，且由形容词最高级修饰，只能用that引导。故选A。
24.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：所有被手机或数码相机记录下来的场景和人物都有很好的联系。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为定语从句，先行词为All the scenes and people，在从句中作主语，先行词即有人，又有物，且有不定代词All修饰，故应用关系代词that引导从句。故选D项。
25.A
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：世界上的每个人都有一个梦想，一种在生活中促使他们前进的激情。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句修饰名词passion，先行词是物，在从句中做主语，连接词用which或that，故选A项。
26.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：朋友们喜欢聚在一起聊聊他们在一起度过的日子。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词days在从句中充当spent的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选B。
27.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我看见一个男人朝一个挡住街道的司机汽车大喊大叫。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是driver，在定语从句中作定语，所以关系代词为whose。故填whose。
28.B
【详解】
考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：这是自去年以来重建的最大的工厂之一。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词factories指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词有形容词最高级the largest修饰，需用关系代词that引导，排除A项和C项；that指代factories，谓语动词使用复数形式，需用助动词have。故选B。
29.C
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：警察要求目击者告诉他们事故发生时他们所看到的一切。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词all，指物，应使用关系代词that引导。故选C。
30.A
【详解】
考查定语从句和代词。句意：这所中学是我们上个月参观的那所中学吗？将这个疑问句还原为陈述句可知，陈述句为：This secondary school is______ we visited last month.；根据陈述句可知，本句空后是一个定语从句，本句没有先行词，所以空处需用代词或名词作先行词，结合选项可知，空处需用the one作先行词，指物，在定语从句中作动词visit的宾语，关系代词that/which可省略，所以空处需填入the one。故选A。
31.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我国正在加速雄安新区的建设，一个环保、低碳、开放、创新和竞争力的城市。分析句子可知，此处先用one作为Xiong'an New District的同位语，再用定语从句修饰one，关系词代替先行词one在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词that，故选B项。
32.C
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析、定语从句和非谓语动词。A项句意：如果你开始感到紧张或压力，不要伸手去拿烟。stressed译为“紧张的、有压力的”多修饰人；而stressful译为“压力重的、产生压力的”多修饰物。此处表示人是感受到压力的，所以要用stressed来做feel的表语。故A项错误。B项句意：不要选择一个你知道会有压力的日子，比如考试那天。在定语从句中，you know做插入语，a day做先行词，在定语从句中作主语，由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句，所以句中的主语it是多余的应该删去。故B项错误。D项句意：任何人与HV/AIDS感染者发生性关系都有感染病毒的风险。risk(冒险)后应该跟动名词作宾语，所以to get应该改为getting。故D项错误。C项句意：只有当疾病发展到艾滋病时，一个人才开始看起来生病了。C项句子正确。故此题选C。
33.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：有时候我们应该忽略那些让我们心烦的人和事。分析句子结构，______ upset us是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the persons and things，当先行词既有人又有物时，关系词只能用that。故选B项。
34.C
【详解】
考查固定短语辨析、语态及定语从句。句意：被称为网虫的人是那些沉迷于网络的人。refer to as“称……为”，be called“被称为”，be known as“被称为，被认为是”，be known for“因为……而闻名”。分析句子成分可知，第一空是定语从句的谓语动词，与先行词the people是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态，故排除A，根据短语意思，排除D项；第二空是定语从句，先行词those，指人，在从句中做主语，应使用who引导。故选C。
35.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这座建筑每天吸引着数百名游客，游客可以从它的顶层俯瞰三亚的美景。分析题意，定语从句的先行词The building和top之间表示所属关系。此处需用whose在从句中做定语。故选B项。
36.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那些不怎么运动或饮食中富含脂肪的学生将会增加体重。分析句子可知，句中包含2个并列的定语从句，先行词是指人的students，在第一个定语从句中作主语用关系代词who或that引导；先行词在第二个定语从句中作diet的定语，用whose引导定语从句。故选B。
37.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那些是他们读过的最精彩的书。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为books，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，且先行词有形容词最高级the most wonderful修饰，需用关系代词that引导。故选D。
38.B
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：那就是他解释昨天上课迟到的原因。分析句子结构，________ for his being late in class yesterday.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，可以用which和that引导该从句，关系词也可以省略。故选B。
39.C
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：他们谈论他们仍然记得的在中学的同学和事情。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，且先行词为“their classmates and things”，指人和物两方面的含义，应用关系代词that。故选C项。
40.B
【详解】
考查定语从句和名词性从句。句意：据她说，她上学迟到的原因是堵车了。然而，我们并不相信她给出的解释。第一空为定语从句，先行词the reason在定语从句中作原因状语，所以用关系副词why引导；第二空为表语从句，从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接词that；第三空为定语从句，先行词为explanation，在定语从句中作gave的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。先行词在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略关系词。故选B。
41.A
【详解】
考查定语从句关系词和状语从句。句意：他永远不会忘记他们第一次见面的时候。五年前，他作为新生被介绍给全班同学。从那时起，他们一起度过的日子就永远留在了他心里。第一个空是定语从句，关系词指代先行词the time并在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when；第二个空为时间状语从句，根据两句话的逻辑关系，表示“当......时候”，应该用when来引导；第三个空是定语从句，关系词指代先行词the good time并在从句中作spent的宾语，故用关系代词that或which或不填，结合选项，故选A。
42.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：大多数生活在贫穷国家的人，但也有一些生活在富裕国家的男孩和女孩不能上学。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是most和some boys and girls，关系词在从句中充当句子的主语，因此定语从句中用关系代词who引导，who指代生活在贫穷国家的大多数人和一些生活在富裕国家的男孩和女孩。故填who。
43.C
【详解】
考查定语从句和强调句。句意：是那个被关在监狱里的男孩偷了钱。第一空为定语从句，修饰先行词the boy ，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用who或that引导该从句；第二空为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，此处被强调部分为“the boy who had been in prison”，是人，故应用that或who。故选C。
44.D
【详解】
考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：这是你朋友昨天提到的那个博物馆吗？首先把句子还原成陈述句“This museum is _____ your friends _____ yesterday.”，根据句意和句子结构可知，空格一为句子表语，空格一后的句子为定语从句，空格一为从句的先行词，在从句中作referred to的宾语，所以空格一所填单词既要充当表语，又要充当先行词，故应用the one，代指“那个博物馆”，应用that引导从句，在从句中作宾语，that可省略。空格二涉及固定短语“refer to”，意为“提及，谈到”，与your friends之间为主动关系，根据句中yesterday可知，句子应用一般过去时，故空格二填referred to。故选D项。
45.D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他对在展览会上所看到的事物感兴趣。分析句子可知，介词in后缺少宾语，had seen后也缺少宾语，我们可以直接用what引导宾语从句，但没有该选项，因此考虑用定语从句，结合选项，用all作介词in的宾语， 同时是that引导的定语从句的先行词（当先行词为all时，关系代词只能用that），故选D。