备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（五）
1）由“some
of，plenty
of，a
lot
of，lots
of，most
of，the
rest
of，all
of，half
of，part
of，the
remainder
of或分数、百分数+of+名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。
The
rest
of
the
lecture
is
dull．
Half
of
the
apple
is
rotten．这个苹果的一半腐烂变质了。
Half
of
the
apples
are
rotten．这些苹果有一半腐烂变质了。
About
one
third
of
the
books
are
worth
reading.大约三分之一的书值得一读。
Over
30％
of
the
students
were
absent
from
the
meeting．
2）由“a
kind
of，this
kind
of，many
kinds
of”和“名词+of
this
kind”等，以及由与kind意义相似的type，sort，form，part，piece，section等构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词保持数的一致。如：
A
kind
of
birds
has
been
discovered
by
them．
Parts
of
the
book
are
very
instructive．
This
kind
of
apples
is
expensive.
Apples
of
this
kind
are
expensive.
3）“more+复数名词+than
one”结构谓语常用复数。
More
members
than
one
have
protested
against
the
plan．
4）不定代词“each，one，no
one，some(any，no，every)+body(one或thing)”在句中作主语或作限定词时，谓语动词一律用单数形式
Each
boy
gets
a
prize．
Someone
wants
to
buy
the
house．
Each
of
the
books
costs
five
Yuan.
注意：each，all，both用作同位语时，谓语动词仍应与主语保持一致
We
each
have
an
English-Chinese
dictionary．
由and连接的两个或三个单数主语前如果有every，each，no，many
a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
Each
teacher
and
(each)
student
was
given
a
book．
Every
hour
and
(every)
minute
is
important
Many
a
teacher
and
many
a
student
enjoys
the
book
very
much．
many
a.../
more
than
one+名词作主语时,
谓语动词仍采取单数形式
Many
a
man
thinks
life
is
meaningless
without
purpose．
one
and
a
half+复数名词”作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式
One
and
a
half
bananas
is
left
on
the
table．
5）并列结构做主语
由as
well
as（也）,
rather
than（而不是）,
as
much
as,
more
than,
no
less
than
等连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常与前面一个主语保持一致。如：
Jack?as
well
as
us?has
saw
that
scene.
不仅Jack看到了那幅景象，我们也看到了那幅景象。
The
father?rather
than
the
children?is
to
blame.
应受责备的是父亲而不是孩子们。
由and和both...and连接的并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数。如：
Both
brother
and
sister
are
lovely.
兄妹俩都很可爱。
此种情况下，有几点需要注意的地方：
当由and连接的两个并列主语受each,
every,
no的修饰时，谓语用单数；
当and连接两个数相加时，谓语动词可用单数或复数；
当and连接的两个的词语指同一个人或事物时，谓语通常要用单数。
由or,
nor,
either...or,
neither…nor,
not
only…but
also,
not…but等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则。如：
Lucy?or
I
am
right.
????Lucy或者我是正确的。
Not
only
the
children
but
also
the
mother
wants
to
go.
不仅孩子们想去，母亲也想去。
巩固练习：
41.
Your
trousers
____dirty，
you
must
have
_____washed.
???
A.????
is；
it??????
B.
are；
it??????
C.
are；
them????
D.
is；
them
42.
Where
____rubbish，
there
are
flies.
???
A.????
there
are???
B.
there
is?????
C.
is????????
D.
there
has?
43.
The
Olympic
Games
____held
every
____years.
???
A.????
is；
four????
B.
are；
four????
C.
is；
five????
D.
are；
five
44.
Many
a
man
_____
come
to
help
us.
???
A.
have???
B.
has????
C.
is????
D.
are
45.
He
is
the
only
one
of
the
students
who
_____elected.
???
A.
are????
B.
have?????
C.
has???
D.
is
?46.
Three-fourths
of
the
homework
_____today.
???
A.????
has
finished????????
B.
has
been
finished
???
C.
have
finished????????????????
D.
have
been
finished
47.
Those
who
____
in
____compositions，
please
hand
them
in
this
afternoon
?
?
A.????
hasn‘t
handed；
his???
B.
haven’t
handed；
their
?
?
C.has
handed；
their?????
D.
have
handed；
his
48.
Jane
is
one
of
the
best
students
in
her
class
who
_____by
their
teacher.
???
A.????
are
praised???
B.
is
praised???
C.
praised???
D.
praising
49.
The
whole
class
_____the
teacher
attentively.
???
A.????
are
listening
to??????
B.
is
listening
to
???
C.
are
listening????????????
D.
is
listening
50.
The
United
States
of
America
_____one
of
the
most
developed
countries
in
the
world.
???
A.
is?????
B.
are????
C.
was????
D.
were
【答案解析】
?41-45
CBBBD
??46-50
BBAAA备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（四）
一、以ｓ结尾的疾病名称
英语中一些以ｓ结尾的疾病名称，通常用作单数。如arthritis（关节炎），bronchitis（支气管炎），mumps（腮腺炎），diabetes（糖尿病）等。
Diabetes
is
caused
by
a
lack
of
insulin.
糖尿病是由缺乏胰岛素引起的。
Mumps
is
a
kind
of
infectious
disease.
腮腺炎是一种传染病。?
二、以ｓ结尾的游戏名称
表示游戏名称的名词一般作单数用。如darts（投镖），marbles（打子弹）。
Darts
is
an
easy
game.
投镖是一种简单的游戏。
Marbles
is
an
old
game.
打子弹是一种老游戏。
三、以ｓ结尾的学科名称
某些以-ics结尾的学科名称，通常用作单数。如physics（物理学），mathematics（数学），optics（光学）等等。
Physics
is
an
important
subject.
物理学是一门很重要的学科。
Linguistics
is
the
science
of
language.
语言学是语言的科学。
四、以ｓ结尾的地理名称
1.以s结尾的地理名称，如果是国家名，由于是单一政治实体，所以用作单数。
The
United
States
is
a
country
with
fast
economical
development.
美国是一个经济发展迅速的国家。
2.以s结尾的地理名称，如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等名称，则用作复数。
The
Himalayas
are
very
famous
in
the
world.
喜马拉雅山脉举世闻名。
以上四种以s结尾的名词作主语时，谓语要根据相应的要求和意义，遵循“一致”原则，切不可简单片面地“望s生复数义”！
巩固练习：
51.What
you
said
just
now______to
do
with
the
matter
we
are
discussing.
?A.have
something???
B.has
something??
C.had
something??
D.was
something
52.Either
your
parents
or
your
elder
brother
______to
attend
the
meeting
tomorrow.
A.is??????
B.are????
C.are
going????
D.have
53.Neither
of
the
novels
which
______popular
with
us
______been
translated
into
Chinese.
A.are
has?????
B.are
have????
C.is
have????
D.is
has
54.Every
boy
and
every
girl
______to
attend
the
evening
party.
A.wish?????
B.wishes????
C.hope????
D.are
hoping
55.______
has
been
done.
A.nety—nine
percents
of
the
work???????B.
Half
of
what
he
promised
C.
Two-fifths
of
the
articles????
D.
Three
quarter
of
the
business
【答案解析】
???51-55
BAABB备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（七）
和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数动词，复数主语用复数动词.但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂。
1,"more
than
one
+名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.
例如：
More
than
one
teacher
gets
the
flowers.
不止一个教师得到了花.
2,"many
a
+名词"作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数.
例如：
Many
a
student
has
been
sent
to
plant
trees.
很多学生被派去植树.
3,"half
of,the
rest
of,most
of,all
of及百分数或分数+of
等后接名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.
例如：
Three
fourths
of
the
surface
of
the
earth
is
covered
with
water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.
4,all指人时，动词用复数；all指物时，动词用单数.
例如：
"All
are
present
and
all
is
going
well."
所有人全部到场了，一切进展顺利
5,what引导的主语从句，谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时，动词用单数，相反，则用复数.
例如：
What
they
want
to
get
are
a
number
of
good
books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.
6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.
例如：
No
book
and
no
pen
is
found
in
the
schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.
7,当主语后面有as
well
as,with,along
with,together
with,but,like,rather
than,except，逗号加and连接几个名词等引导的短语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.
例如：
My
father
as
well
as
his
workmates
has
been
to
Beijing.
我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.
8,each作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关.例如：
They
each
have
a
bike.
他们每人有一辆自行车.
9,动词不定式，动词-ing形式短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.
例如：
Going
out
for
a
walk
after
supper
is
a
good
habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.
10,the
following作主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.
例如：
The
following
are
good
examples下面是一些好例子.
11,以-ics结尾的学科名词，如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.
例如：
Politics
is
now
taught
in
all
schools.
现在各学校都开设政治课.
当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时，用作复数，如：mathematics（运算能力）politics(政治观点）economics（经济意义）等
巩固练习：
21.There
______
no
life
on
the
moon.
A.
is
said
to
have???
B.
are
said
to
have??
C.
is
said
to
be?????
D.
are
said
to
be
22.A
group
of
______
are
eating
______
and
______
at
the
foot
of
the
hill
A.
sheep;
grass;
leaves?????
B.
sheeps
grasses
leaves
C.
sheep;
grass?leaf??????
D.
sheeps
grass
leafs
23.My
family
raise
a
lot
of
_______,
including
two______.
A.
cattles
cows??
B.
cows?cattle?C.
cattle
cows??
D.
cow,
cattles
24.What
he
says
and
what
he
does_______.
A.
does
not
agree???
B.
do
not
agree?C.
does
not
agree
with?D.
not
agree
25.The
boy
and
the
girl
each
______
toys.
A.
have
their
own?B.
has
their
own?C.
have
her
own?D.
has
her
own
26.She
is
the
only
one
among
the
______
writers
who
______stories
for
children.
A.
woman,
writes?B.
women
write?C.
women
writes??
D.
woman
write
27.The
railway
station
is
______from
our
school.
A.
two
hour`s
drive????
B.
two
hours`
drive?
C.
two
hour
drive?D.
two
hours
drive
28.Mike
and
John`s
______.
A.
father
is
a
teacher????????
B.
fathers
are
teachers??
C.
father
are
teachers????????
D.
fathers
are
teacher
29.A
great
deal
of
talking
and
listening
that
______
under
casual
circumstance
may
seem
to
be
aimless.
A.
is
occurred????
B.
are
occurred????
C.
occurs?????
D.
occur
30._______
the
classroom
needs
to
be
cleaned.
A.
Either
the
offices
or???
B.
The
offices
and???
C.
Both
the
office
and????
D.
The
office
and
【答案解析】
?21-25
CACBA??
26-30CBACA备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（六）
主谓一致的特殊有以下几种：
1）population表示“人口”，一个国家或地区的居民数目，它作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。
当它前面有分数或百分数时，population是指一个国家或地区的全体居民，谓语动词用复数形式。
The
population
of
Canada
is
about
29
million．
About
eighty
percent
of
the
population
of
this
country
are
peasants．
2）集合名词作主语，如果表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如表示成员则用复数。常见的这部分名词有：army，audience，class，club，committee，company，crowd，family，group，government，organization，party，team等。
Our
football
team
is
playing
well.
Our
football
team
are
having
baths
and
are
then
coming
back
here
for
supper.
3）a
number
of／a
variety
of／varieties
of+可数名词复数;
“the
majority
of+复数名词”
作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
the
number
of(表数目)和the
variety
of(表种类)等+可数名词
作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
?A
number
of
new
houses
have
been
built
there．
There
are
a
variety
of
goods
on
sale
in
the
shop．
The
number
of
the
people
who
know
the
secret
is
very
limited．
4)
“a
large
amount
of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数
“large
amounts
of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语用复数
“a
large
quantity
of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数
“a
large
quantity
of+复数名词”作主语，谓语常用复数
“large
quantities
of+不可数名词／复数名词”作主语，谓语用复数
“a
good／great
deal
of+不可数名词”作主语，谓语用单数
A
large
amount
of
clean
water
is
wasted
every
day．
Vast
amounts
of
money
are
being
invested
in
the
local
market．?
“a
total
of+复数名词”作主语与复数动词连用，意思是“总共有……”
“the
total
of+复数名词”作主语与单数动词连用，意思是“……的总数”。
4)
单复数同形的名词作主语，要根据上下文的意义以及修饰这些词的词来确定其谓语形式。
常见的这部分名词有aircraft，crossroads，deer，fish，headquarters。means，series，sheep，species，works等。如：
The
crossroads
is／are
dangerous．
5）当主语后面跟有with，together
with，along
with，accompanied
by，like，in
addition
to，as
well
as，as
much
as，more
than，rather
than，no
less
than，except，but，besides，including等连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数不受这些词语的影响。
6）the
+
adj./
v-ed
表示某类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
the
+
adj.
表示某类事物或表示某一类抽象概念作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The
poor
live
a
hard
life．
7)
there
be结构中的主谓一致关系，谓语动词通常和最邻近的那个主语一致。
There
are
four
chairs
and
a
table
in
the
room．
8)
“a／an+单数名词+or
two”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
?“one
or
two+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
如：
A
student
or
two
has
failed
the
exam．一两个学生考试不及格。
One
or
two
students
were
planting
trees
yesterday
afternoon．昨天下午有一两个学生在植树。
9）在主语和谓语倒装的句子中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。
On
the
wall
are
some
famous
paintings．
10）在“It
+
be+被强调部分+that／who...”结构中，be用单数形式is或was，如被强调部分是主语，that／who后的谓语与被强调部分的人称、数保持一致。
It
is
I
who
am
a
student．
It
is
they
who
have
worked
there
for
five
years．
巩固练习：
11.
Between
the
two
roads
_____
a
TV
tower
called
"Skyscraper
Tower".
A.
stands???????
B.
standing????
C.
which
stands??
D.
stand
12.
Either
of
you
_____
going
there
tonight.
A.
will????
B.
was????
C.
is??????
D.
are
13.
You
as
well
_____
right.
A.
I
are?????
B.
I
am????
C.
as
I
am???
D.
as
I
are
14.
All
but
Dick
_____
in
Class
Three
this
term.
A.
are????
B.
is??????
C.
were????
D.
was
15.
--
Shall
I
wait
here
for
three
hours?
--Yes.
Three
hours
___,
__
t,
,
,
,
,
o
wait
for
such
a
doctor.
A.
are
not
very
long
for
you??????
B.
is
not
long
enough
fo,
,
,
,
,
r
you
C.
was
not
long
enough
for
you???
D.
will
be
too
long
for
you
16.
Where
to
get
the
materials
and
how
to
get
them
_____
at
the
meeting.
A.
have
not
discussed????
B.
have
not
been
discussed
C.
has
not
discussed?????
D.
has
not
been
discussed
17.
I
took
mathematics
and
physics
because
I
think
that
_____
very
important
for
me
to
make
further
research
in
this
field.
A.
what
is???
B.
they
are????
C.
this??????
D.
which
are
18.
Every
student
and
every
teacher
_____.
A.
are
going
to
attend
the
meeting??
B.
have
attended
the
meeting
C.
has
attended
the
meeting?????????
D.
is
attended
the
meeting
19.
Three
fourths
of
the
bread
_____
by
Bob,
and
the
rest
of
the
bread
_____
left
on
the
table.
A.
was
eaten/were???
B.
were
eaten/was
C.
were
eaten/were??
D.
was
eaten/was
20.
This
pair
of
shoes
_____.
A.
is
her?????
B.
is
hers
C.
are
hers???
D.
are
her
【答案解析】
??11-15
ACDAB???
16-20
DBCDB备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（二）
在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。
1、以单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
1）The
book
is
on
the
table.
2）He
is
reading
English.
3）To
work
hard
is
necessary.（It
is
necessary
to
work
hard.）
4）How
you
get
there
is
a
problem.
2、复数主语跟复数动词。如：Children
like
to
play
toys.
3、在倒装句中，动词的数应和它后面的主语的数一致。如以here,there开头，be
动词与后面第一个名词一致。如：
1）There
is
a
dog
near
the
door.
2）There
were
no
schools
in
this
area
before?liberation.
3）Here
comes
the
bus.
4）On
the
wall
were
two
famous
paintings.
5）Here
is
Mr
Brown
and
his
children.
4、and连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如果主语后跟有with,
together
with,
except,
but,
perhaps
,
like,
including,
as
well
as,
no
less
than,
more
than,
rather
than等引起的短语，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。如：
1）Jane,
Mary
and
I
are
good
friends.
2）He
and
my
father
work
in
the
same
factory.
3）His
sister,
no
less
than
you,
is
wrong.
4）The
father,
rather
than
the
brothers,
is?responsible?for
the
accident.
5）He,
like
you
and
Xiao
Liu
is
very?diligent.
6）Every
picture
except
these
two
has
been
sold.
7）Alice
with
her
parents
often
goes
to
the
park
on
Sundays.
8）Alice
as
well
as
her
friends
was
invited
to
the
concert.
9）Nobody
but
Mary
and
I
was
in
the
classroom
at
that
time.
5、并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词。如：
1）The
writer
and
worker
is
coming
to
our
school
tomorrow.
这位工人作家明天要来我们学校。
2）Bread
and
butter
is
their
daily
food.
面包和黄油是他们每日的食品。
3）The
writer
and
the
worker
are
coming
to
our
school
tomorrow.
那位作家和那位工人明天将来我们学校。
6、and连接的并列单数名词前如有each,
every,
no,
many
a修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：
1）Every
boy
and
girl
has
been
invited
to
the
party.
所有的孩子都被邀请参加这次聚会。
2）No
teacher
and
no
student
is?absent?today.
今天没有老师和学生缺席。
3）Many
a
student
is
busy
with
their
lessons.
许许多多的学生都忙着复习他们的功课。
7、each,
either,
one,
another,
the
other,
neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Each
takes
a
cup
of
tea.
2）Either
is
correct.
3）Neither
of
them
likes
this
picture.
8、由every,
some,
any,
no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
1）Is
everyone
here?
2）Nothing
is
to
be
done.
没有什么要干的事儿了。
9、关系代词who,
that,
which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：
1）Those
who
want
to
go
please
sign
their
names
here.
2）Anyone
who
is
against
this
opinion
may
speak
out.
3）He
is
one
of
the
students
who
were
praised
at
the
meeting.
10、表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，其谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
1）Three
years
is
not
a
long
time.
2）Ten
dollars
is
what
he
needs.
3）Five
hundred
miles
is
a
long
distance.
11、复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（如人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式。如：
1）The
United
States
is
in
North
America.
2）The
United
Nations
has
passed
a?resolution（决议）。
3）“The
Arabian
Nights”（《天方夜谭》）is
an
interesting
book.
巩固练习：
11.?
It
____I
who
_____leaving
for
London.
???
A.is…is?
B.
am…is???
C.
is…am???
D.
am…am
12.?
Not
only
Tom
but
also
his
wife
____fond
of
watching
television.
???
A.
are????
B.
were???
C.
be???
D.
is
13.?
When
and
where
to
build
the
new
factory
____yet.
???
A.
is
not
decided???????????????
B.
are
not
decided
???
C.
has
not
decided?????????????
D.
have
not
decided
14.?
Although
the
first
part
of
the
book
is
easy，
the
rest
______.
???
A.
are
difficult???????????????????B.
has
proved
difficult
????C.
is
supposed
difficult????????D.
have
been
found
difficult
?15.?
That
they
were
wrong
in
these
matters
_____
now
clear
to
us
all.
???
A.
is???
B.
was???
C.
are???
D.
were
16.?
Half
of
his
goods
____
stolen
the
other
day.
???
A.
are???
B.
were???
C.
is???
D.
was
?17.?
Mathematics
____the
language
of
science.
???
A.
are???????
B.
are
going
to
be??????
C.
is????????????
D.
is
to
be
18.?
Each
of
the
students
_____
a
Chinese-English
dictionary.
???
A.
have?????
B.
has???
C.
there
is???
D.
there
are
19.?
They
each
____
a
beautiful
handkerchief.
???
A.
have??????
B.
has??????????
C.
there
is????
D.
there
are
20.?
Between
the
two
rows
of
trees
_____the
teaching
building.
???
A.
stand??
B.
stands????????
C.
standing??
D.
are
【答案解析】
?11-15
CDABA
??16-20
BCBAB?备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（一）
一、语法一致原则
“语法一致”是指，主语和谓语在单复数形式上保持一致，也就是说，主语名词是复数形式时，谓语动词即复数，主语为单数名词或不可数名词，谓语即为单数形式。
The
boy?is?playing
basketball
now.
这个男孩现在正在打篮球。
These?boys?are?playing
basketball
now.
这些男孩现在正在打篮球。
二、意义一致原则
“意义一致”原则是指，主语和谓语在单复数意义上保持一致。也就是说，有时主语名词在语法形式上虽然是单数，却有着复数意义，其后的谓语动词便用复数。反之亦如此。
The
people
here?are?really
happy.
这儿的人们非常幸福。
Ten
dollars?is?enough
for
this
book.
十美元足够买这本书了。
三、就近原则
“就近原则”是指在有些情况下，谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语词语的单复数形式。
There?is?a
book
and
three
pencils
on
the
desk.
桌上有一本书和三支铅笔。
Neither
my
parents
nor
my
elder
sister?likes?running.
我爸妈和姐姐都不喜欢跑步。
四、指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1）
在代词what,
which,
who,
none,
some,
any,
more,
most,
all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All
is
right.
(一切顺利。)
All
are
present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2）
集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family,
audience,
crew,
crowd,
class,
company,
committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。
His
family
isn't
very
large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His
family
are
music
lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people,
police,
cattle,
poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are
there
any
police
around?
3）有些名词，如variety,
number,
population,
proportion,
majority
等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
A
number
of
+名词复数+复数动词。
The
number
of
+名词复数+单数动词。
A
number
of
books
have
lent
out.
The
majority
of
the
students
like
English.
巩固练习：
41.Either
of
the
plans
______equally
dangerous.
A.are???
B.is?C.has??
D.have
42.The
police
______the
murderer
everywhere
when
he
suddenly
appeared
in
a
theatre.
A.is
searching?????????
B.were
searching
for??
C.are
searching????????
D.was
searching
for
43.Your
trousers
______dirty,
you
must
have______
washed.
A.is
it????
B.are
it????
C.are
them???
D.is
them
44.The
Olympic
games
______held
every
four
______.
A.is
years???
B.are
years???
C.is
year????
D.are
year?
45.He
is
the
oly
one
of
the
students
who______elected.
A.are????
B.have????
C.has?????
D.is?
46.
______a
good
enough
price
for
this
book
A.Two
yuans
are?B.Two
yuan
are???
C.Two
yuans
is????
D.Two
yuan
is?
47.No
bird
and
no
beast
______in
the
lonely
island
A.are
seen????
B.is
seen????
C.see??????
D.sees
48.Every
means
______prevent
the
water
from______
A.are
used
to
polluting??????
B.
get
used
to
polluting
C.is
used
to
,
polluted?????
D.is
used
to
,being
polluted
49.Each
of
the
______in
the
ship.
A.passenger
has
his
own
room????
B.
passengers
have
their
own
room
C.passenger
have
their
own
room??
D.sengers
has
his
own
room
50.What
we
need
______good
textbooks.
A.is??????
B.are?????
C.have????
D.has
【答案解析】
?41-45
BBCBD?????
46-50
DBDDB备战2021年高考英语——语法之主谓一致讲与练（三）
主谓一致（Subject-
Verb
Agreement），指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如:
He
is
going
abroad.
They
are
playing
football. 可分为:语法一致，
内容一致，
就近一致.今天着重计解就近一致的原则。
?就近原则
1.
由here,
there,
where
等引导的倒装句中,
(有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:
Here
comes
the
bus
公共汽车来了.
Here
is
a
pen
and
some
pieces
of
paper
for
you.?给你一支钢笔和几张纸。
Where
is
your
wife
and
children
to
stay
while
you
are
away?
你不在这儿的时候,
你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢？
2.
用连词or,
either....
or,
neither….nor,
not
only….but
also
等连接的并列主语,
谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。
如：
Neither
the
students
nor
the
teacher
knows
anything
about
it
学生和老师都不知道这事.
He
or
you
have
taken
my
pen.
他或你拿了我的钢笔。
注意:
one
of
+复数名词+who/that/which
引导的定语从句中,
定语从句的动词为复数。如：
Mary
is
one
of
those
people
who
keep
pets.
玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The
only
one
of
+复数名词+
who/that./which
引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary
is
the
only
one
of
those
people
who
keeps
pets.
玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。
内容一致原则:
1.主语中有all,
half,
most,
the
rest等,
以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:
The
rest
of
the
bikes
are
on
sale
today.????剩下的自行车，
今天出售。
60%of
the
apple
was
eaten
by
little
boy.???这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most
of
the
apples
were
rotten.???????大部分的苹果都是烂的。
Most
of
the
apple
was
eaten
by
a
rat.?这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。
2.
不定数量的词组,
如:part
of
,
a
lot
of
,
lots
of
,
one
of
,
a
number
of
,
plenty
of等作主语时,
谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:
A
part
of
the
textbooks
have
arrived.?一小部分教科书已运到。
A
part
of
the
apple
has
been
eaten
up
by
the
pig.?这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3.
加减乘除用单数.如:
Fifteen
minus
five
is
ten
.
15减去5等于10。
4.
表示时间,
金钱,
距离,
度量等的名词做主语时,
尽管是复数形式,
它们做为一个单一的概念时,
其谓语动词用单数.如:
Ten
miles
is
a
good
distance.
十英里是一个相当的距离。
5.
(1)
通常作复数的集体名词.
包括police
,
people,
cattle
等,
这些集体名词通常用作复数.如:
??
The
British
police
have
only
very
limited
powers.
(2)
通常作不可数名词的集体名词.
包括equipment,
furniture,
clothing,
luggage
等.
(3)
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词.
包括
audience,
committee,
government,
family,
enemy,
group,
party,
team,
public
等.如:
The
committee
has/have
decided
to
dismiss
him.
委员会决定解雇他。
6.
the
+形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物,
作主语时,
谓语动词用复数.如:
The
injured
were
saved
after
the
fire.
巩固练习：
21.?
This
pair
of
shoes
____made
in
Nanjing.
???
A.is???
B.
are???
C.
have
been???
D.
had
been
22.
No
one
except
my
parents
_____anything
about
it.
???
A.????
know????
B.
knows
?
??C.
is
knowing?
D.
have
known
23.
A
number
of
students
_____from
the
south.
???
A.
are???
B.
is???
C.
have???
D.
has
24.
The
number
of
students
from
the
north
____small.
???
A.are???
B.
is???
C.
have???
D.
has
25.
Writing
stories
and
articles
_____what
I
enjoy
most，
???
A.is???
B.
are???
C.
was???
D.
were
26.
His
“Selected
Poems”
_____first
published
in
1965.
???
A.were???
B.
was???
C.
has
been??
D.
are
27.
Miss
Smith
is
a
friend
of
______.
???
A.
Mary‘s
mother’s?????????
B.
Mary‘s
mother
?
?C.
Mother’s
of
Mary????????
D.
Mary
mother‘s
28.
A
good
deal
of
money
____spent
on
books.
???
A.????
have??????
B.
has???????????
?
?
C.
have
been???????
D.
has
bee
29.
On
the
wall
_____
two
large
portraits.
?
?
A.????
hangs????
B.
hang????????
C.
hanged?????
D.
hanging
30.
_____turn
green
in
spring.
???
A.
Leaf??
B.
Leafs???????????
C.
Leave?????????????
D.
Leaves
【答案解析】
??21-25
ABABA???????
26-30
BADBD
