第7讲 八年级(上)Modules
3～4
重点词汇拓展
1.boring
(adj.)→bored
(adj.)厌烦的；厌倦的2．exciting
(adj.)→excited
(adj.)激动的；兴奋的3．relaxing
(adj.)→relaxed
(adj.)轻松的4．hurt
(v.)→hurt(过去分词)5．beat
(v.)→beat(过去式)→beaten(过去分词)6．careless
(adj.)→careful(反义词)仔细的；认真的；小心的7．practice
(n.)→practise
(v.)练习8．usual
(adj.)→unusual(反义词)不寻常的→usually
(adv.)通常地
9.please
(v.)→pleased
(adj.)开心的；满足的→pleasant
(adj.)令人开心的→pleasure
(n.)高兴；令人高兴的事10．loudly
(adv.)→loud
(adj.)大声的11．choose
(v.)→choice
(n.)选择12．far
(adj.&adv.)→farther/further(比较级)→farthest/furthest(最高级)13．crowd
(v.&n.)→crowded
(adj.)拥挤的14．cost
(v.)→cost(
过去式、过去分词)
重点短语
1.a
minute
ago
刚才2．never
mind
不要紧3．plenty
of
大量；众多4．play
against
与……比赛5．so
that
以便6．warm
up
热身；做准备活动7．be
late
for
迟到8．fan
club
球迷(或影迷、歌迷)俱乐部
9.cheer…on
用欢呼声激励；为……加油10．keep
healthy/fit
保持健康11．by
taxi
乘出租车12．a
bit
一点儿13．far
from
远离14．close
to
靠近；接近15．all
the
time
一直；不断地
重点句型
1.Nothing
is
more
enjoyable
than
playing
tennis.没有什么比打网球更令人愉快的了。2．What's
the
matter
with
you，Tony?你怎么了，托尼？3．That's
too
bad!太糟糕了！4．I'm
not
sure
about
that.我不确定。5.
Staying
at
home
was
easier
than
going
to
the
stadium.待在家里比去体育馆更容易。6.
Which
sport
do
you
like，swimming
or
running?你喜欢哪项运动，游泳还是跑步？7．I
am
not
going
for
lessons,
but
to
play
football.我没有去上课，而是去踢足球。8．We
all
arrive
as
early
as
we
can
so
that
we
have
time
to
warm
up.我们都尽早到，以便我们有时间热身。9．We
are
training
harder
than
usual
because
the
other
team
beat
us
last
year.我们比平常更加努力地训练，因为另一支球队去年战胜了我们。
10.
What
a
pity!真遗憾！11.
The
more
you
go
jogging,
the
healthier
you
will
feel.你慢跑的次数越多，你会感到越健康。12．What
happened?发生了什么？13.
Nobody
was
late,
except
me.除了我之外，没有人迟到。14.
How
does
Tony
go
to
school?托尼怎样去上学？15．He
lives
the
farthest
from
school，so
he
takes
the
underground.他住得离学校最远，因此他乘地铁去。16．He
goes
by
bus
too，the
same
as
me.和我一样，他也是乘公共汽车去(上学)。17．What's
the
best
way
to
get
there?到达那里的最佳方式是什么？18．It's
the
fastest
and
the
second
cheapest．它是最快和第二便宜的。19.
Have
a
great
trip!祝你旅途愉快！
语法
1.形容词的比较级(more)2．副词及副词的比较级(er，more)
3.形容词及副词的最高级(est，most)
话题
Module
3 Sports
(运动)
Module
4 Modes
of
transportation
(交通方式)(共38张PPT)
第7讲 八年级(上)Modules
3～4
答语：
①表示“不介意”：
Not
at
all./Certainly
not./Of
course
not.
②表示“介意”：
Sorry，but…/You'd
better
not.
mind作名词，意为“思想；想法；头脑，智力”。
其常用短语有：
change
one's
mind改变主意；keep…in
mind牢记……；make
up
one's
mind下定决心
【活学活用】
1．(2020·武威)
Do
you
mind
me
________(open)
the
window?
2．—Sorry，sir.I
made
a
mistake
again.
—____________(没关系).Practise
more
and
you
will
do
better.
3．(2020·无锡)别再改主意啦，就这么定了。
Don't
________________
again.
That's
a
deal.
opening
Never
mind
change
your
mind
?against
【典例在线】
I
am
in
our
school
team
and
we
are
going
to
play
against
another
team
next
week.我在校队，下周我们要与另一支队伍比赛。
They
are
against
building
a
zoo
in
their
town.他们反对在他们镇上建动物园。
【拓展精析】
against为介词，常和动词搭配使用，后可接名词、代词和动名词。
【活学活用】
4．I'm
strongly
against
_______________(smoke)
because
it
may
cause
cancer
(癌症)．
5．Red
flags
stand
out
brightly
_________(在……的映衬下)
the
blue
sky.
against
smoking
?pleased
【典例在线】
Her
mother
is
pleased
with
her.她母亲对她很满意。
I'm
very
pleased
to
meet
you.我非常高兴见到你。
【拓展精析】
pleased作形容词，意为“开心的，满意的”。pleased作表语时，主语必须是人。
相关短语：
be
pleased
with
对……满意；be
pleased
at/about
对……感到高兴；be
pleased
to
do
sth.
乐意做某事
【活学活用】
6．We
are
pleased
________
his
work.
7．I'm
very
pleased
_____
see
you
again.
with
to
?no
one与none
【典例在线】
—Who
can
answer
the
question？谁能回答这个问题？
—No
one.没有人。
—How
many
students
are
there
in
the
classroom？教室里有多少学生？
—None.一个也没有。
【拓展精析】
no
one
“没有人”
只能指人，不能指物
不可与of短语连用
作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
常用于回答who引导的问句
none
“一个也没有”既可指人，又可指物
可与of短语连用
作主语指代可数概念时，谓语动词用单复数均可；指代不可数概念时，谓语动词用单数形式
常用于回答how
many/much引导的问句
【活学活用】
1．—Who
will
go
there
tomorrow?
—___________．
2．_________
of
us
knows
about
it.
No
one
None
?except，except
for，besides与as
well
as
【典例在线】
Everyone
else
is
here
except
him.除了他大家都在这儿。
It's
a
good
film，except
for
too
much
fighting.除了太多的打斗外，这是一部好电影。
We
like
science
besides
English.除了英语以外，我们还喜欢科学。
As
well
as
learning
English，we
want
you
to
experience
life
in
the
USA.除了学英语以外，我们还想要你体验一下美国的生活。
【拓展精析】
except
指不包括后面所提的人或物在内，意为“除了……以外”
except
for
用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，意为“除了……以外”
besides
指包括后面所提的人或物在内，意为“除了……以外，还……”
as
well
as
指包括后面所提的人或物在内，可意为“除了……以外，也/还/而且”，也可意为“也，和……一样”
【活学活用】
3．Most
of
the
buildings
in
the
town
are
modern
________
the
museum.
4．__________
English，they
have
to
learn
another
foreign
language.
5．The
room
is
almost
empty
___________
an
old
sofa.
6．The
girl
_____________
her
parents
goes
to
the
park，and
all
of
them
feel
very
happy.
except
Besides
except
for
as
well
as
?see
sb.
doing
sth.与see
sb.
do
sth.
【典例在线】
I
saw
a
boy
eating
bananas.我看见一个男孩正在吃香蕉。
I
saw
them
get
on
the
bus.我看见他们上了公共汽车。
【拓展精析】
see
sb.
doing
sth.
现在分词
作宾补
“看见某人在做某事”，强调动作正在进行
see
sb.
do
sth.
省略to的
动词不定
式作宾补
“看见某人做过某事”，强调动作自始至终的全过程
【活学活用】
7．I
saw
Li
Ming
_________
(play)
near
the
river
on
my
way
home.
8．He
often
sees
the
boy
_________(stay)
at
home
alone.
playing
stay
?“乘”交通工具
【典例在线】
Many
students
go
to
school
by
bus.许多学生乘公共汽车上学。
You
can
take
a
ship
to
Shanghai.你可以乘船去上海。
This
morning，Tom
went
to
school
in
his
father's
car.今天早上汤姆坐他爸爸的小汽车去上学。
I
like
to
walk
to
work.我喜欢步行去上班。
【拓展精析】
by＋交通工具
介词短语，常在句中用作方式状语，此时交通工具前不加任何修饰词
take＋a/the＋
交通工具
动词短语，句中用作谓语
in/on＋a/the＋
交通工具
介词短语，人能在里面站立起来用on，反之用in
walk/ride/drive/
fly
to＋地点
动词短语
【活学活用】
9．I
often
go
to
work
____
taxi.
10．We
will
take
________
subway
to
Renmin
Square.
11．We
are
going
to
France
_____
John's
car.
by
a/the
in
?cost，spend，take与pay
【典例在线】
The
dictionary
costs
30
yuan.这本词典花了三十元。
He
spent
five
dollars
on
the
book.他买书花了五美元。
It
took
me
two
hours
to
do
my
homework
last
night.昨晚我做作业花了两个小时。
He
has
paid
50
dollars
for
the
medicine.他已付了50美元买药。
【拓展精析】
cost
主语是物。常用于sth.cost(s)
sb.some
money
(某物花费某人多少钱)句型中
spend
主语通常是人。常用于spend
some
money/time
(in)
doing
sth.(花费金钱/时间做某事)和spend
money/time
on
sth.(在某方面花费金钱/时间)句型中
take
常用it作形式主语。常用于It
takes
sb.some
time
to
do
sth.(做某事花费某人多长时间)句型中
pay
主语是人。常用于sb.
pay(s)
some
money
for
sth.(某人为某物花费多少钱)句型中
【活学活用】
cost spend take pay
12．Tom
______
for
the
meal
just
now.
13．How
much
do
the
shoes________?
14．Millie
________
about
two
hours
finishing
her
homework
every
day.
15．It
usually
_________
me
two
hours
to
finish
myhomework
every
day.
paid
cost
spends
takes
?What's
the
matter
(with…)？(……)怎么了？
【典例在线】
What's
the
matter
with
you，Tony？You
look
tired.托尼，你怎么了？你看上去很疲惫。
What's
wrong
with
you，Tom？汤姆，你怎么了？
What
happened
to
your
friend？你的朋友怎么了？
【拓展精析】
①“What's
the
matter
(with…)？”意为“(……)怎么了？”此句是对身体感到不舒服的人的问候语。当看到某人心情不好或生气时，也可用此句来询问原因。
②类似的表达还有：What's
the
trouble
(with…)？/What's
one's
trouble？/What's
wrong
(with…)？或What's
happening
(to
sb.)？/What
happened
(to
sb.)?
【活学活用】
1．—What's
__________(trouble/matter/wrong)?
—I
have
a
bad
cold.
2．—What's
the
matter
________
Tom?
He
has
been
absent
for
two
days.
—Oh!
He
may
be
ill.Let's
go
and
ask
Ms
Brown.
wrong
with
?He
lives
the
farthest
from
the
school.他住得离学校最远。
【典例在线】
The
best
way
to
go
there
is
by
train.去那儿最好的方式是乘火车。
William
Shakespeare
is
one
of
the
most
famous
writers
in
the
world.威廉·莎士比亚是世界上最著名的作家之一。
Tomorrow
we're
going
to
the
second
largest
fresh
water
lake
in
China—Dongting
Lake.明天我们要去中国第二大淡水湖——洞庭湖。
—How
far
is
your
home
from
your
school？你家离学校多远？
—It's
10
kilometres.10公里。
【拓展精析】
(1)形容词或副词的最高级表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较，其中有一个在某方面超过其他人或物。常与in短语或of/among短语连用，说明比较的范围，形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the；副词最高级前面的the通常省略。
①one
of
the＋形容词最高级＋名词的复数形式＋范围，表示“最……的……之一”。
②the＋序数词＋最高级＋范围，表示“在某范围内第几最……”。
(2)far既是形容词又是副词，它的比较级和最高级分别是farther/further，farthest/furthest，意为“远”，它的反义词是：near意为“近的”；close意为“靠近的”。
相关短语：
be
far
from离……远；be
close
to离……近。how
far意为“多远”，用于提问两地间的距离，答语要用表示距离的短语。
【注意】“How＋far/long/old/high/wide…”表示“多远/多长/多少岁/多高/多宽……”。
【活学活用】
3．One
of
__________________(popular)
places
for
mountain
climbing
is
the
Himalayas.
4．—How
_______
is
the
restaurant
from
the
post
office?
—It's
about
5
minutes'
ride.
the
most
popular
far
?The
more
you
go
jogging，the
healthier
you
will
feel.你慢跑的次数越多，你会感到越健康。
【典例在线】
The
harder
he
works，the
better
his
English
will
be.他越是努力学习，他的英语就会越好。
The
more
you
eat，the
fatter
you
will
be.吃得越多，你就越胖。
Our
country
is
becoming
more
and
more
beautiful.我们的国家正变得越来越美丽。
【拓展精析】
①“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，越……”。
②“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”。
【活学活用】
5．—Have
you
heard
the
news
of
the
traffic
accident?
—Yes，many
people
have
lost
their
lives
and
the
situation
is
becoming
__________________
(越来越糟糕).
6．_________(much)
junk
food
you
eat，___________(little)
healthy
you
will
be.
worse
and
worse
The
more
the
less
A．根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
1．She
_________
(受伤)
her
back
when
she
fell
down
from
the
tree.
2．I'm
free
__________(除了)
Tuesday
in
a
week.I
have
to
do
some
volunteer
work
on
that
day.
3．Would
you
_________(介意)
if
I
smoke
here?
4．The
necklace
____________(花费)
five
hundred
dollars.
5．The
soldiers
fought
____________(反对)
the
enemies
bravely.
hurt
except
mind
costs
against
B．用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6．Whose
home
is
__________(far)
from
school,
Alice's
or
Daisy's?
7．The
more
you
smile，the
__________(happy)
you
will
feel.
8．We
saw
some
young
people
____________(drive)
fast
in
the
street.
9．They
are
pleased
____________
(help)
you.
10．It's
one
of
_______________________(interesting)
films
that
I've
seen.
farther
happier
driving
to
help
the
most
interesting
