第13讲 八年级(下)Modules
3～4
重点词汇拓展
1.reach
(v.)→reaches(第三人称单数形式)到达2．discover
(v.)→discovery
(n.)发现3．impossible
(adj.)→possible(反义词)可能的4．communicate
(v.)→communication
(n.)交流5．ill
(adj.)→illness
(n.)疾病6．take
(v.)→took(过去式)→taken(过去分词)
7.health
(n.)→healthy
(adj.)健康的8．active
(adj.)→activity
(n.)活动9．day
(n.)→daily
(adj.)每天的10．weak
(adj.)→weakness
(n.)虚弱→strong(反义词)强壮的
重点短语
1.be
up
to
忙于；从事；正在做2．more
than
多于3．in
order
to
为了……4．search
for
搜索；搜查5．finish
doing
sth.
做完某事
6.catch
a
cold
感冒7．take
sb.'s
temperature
量某人的体温8．take
part
in
参加；参与9．in
excellent
condition
健康状况很好10．all
over
浑身；到处
重点句型
1.I
haven't
begun/started
yet．我还没开始呢。2．Astronauts
have
already
been
to
the
moon.宇航员已经去过月球了。3．Lots
of
scientists
are
working
hard
in
order
to
send
astronauts
to
Mars
one
day.许多科学家正在努力工作为的是有一天将宇航员送到火星。4．Scientists
think
that
there
has
been
life
on
the
earth
for
hundreds
of
millions
of
years.科学家们认为数亿年以前地球上已有生命存在了。5．How
long
have
you
been
like
this?你这样多久了？
6.I
haven't_
done
much
exercise
since
I
got
my
computer
last
year.自从去年有电脑后我就没做多少锻炼了。7.
Since
then，it
has
become
part
of
my
life.从那时起，它就成了我生活的一部分。8．Perhaps
I
am
too
weak
to
do
any
exercise.也许我太虚弱了，不能做任何锻炼。9．—How
long
have
you
had
your
bike?——你买自行车有多久了？—I've
had
it
for
about
two
years.——我买它大约有两年了。
语法
1.现在完成时(already,
just,
yet)
2.现在完成时(for,
since)
话题
Module
3 The
universe
(宇宙)
Module
4 Hygiene
and
health
(卫生与健康)(共26张PPT及文字材料)
第13讲 八年级(下)Modules
3～4
?illness
【典例在线】
He
asked
for
three
days
off
because
of
illness.他因病请假三天。
Her
illness
added
to
the
family's
troubles.她的病给家人添了麻烦。
【拓展精析】
illness作名词，意为“疾病”。其形容词形式是ill。
相关短语：
【活学活用】
1．I
can't
smell
at
the
moment
because
I
have
a
______．
2．You
may
have
a
________．Let
me
take
your
temperature.
3．He
speaks
in
such
a
bad
voice
because
he
has
a
____________．
cold
fever
sore
throat
?have
been
to，have
gone
to与have
been
in/at
【典例在线】
He
has
been
to
Beijing.他去过北京。
He
has
gone
to
Beijing.他去北京了。
He
has
been
in
Beijing
for
ten
years.他在北京待了十年了。
【拓展精析】
【活学活用】
1．我从来没有去过水上公园。
I
have
never
__________a
water
park.
2．汤姆去美国了，他将在两天后回来。
Tom
has
_______America
and
he
will
be
back
in
two
days.
3．吉姆加入登山俱乐部两年了。
Jim
has
_________the
mountain
climbing
club
for
two
years.
4．她已经到达车站半小时了。
She
has
_________the
station
for
half
an
hour.
been
to
gone
to
been
in
been
at
?yet，ever，already与still
【典例在线】
I
haven't
finished
reading
this
book
yet.我还没有读完这本书。
Have
you
ever
been
there？你去过那里吗？
I
have
already
seen
the
film.我已经看过这部电影了。
Tom
is
still
here.汤姆还在这里。
【拓展精析】
yet
“已经”，与现在完成时连用，用于疑问句或否定句中，通常置于句末。也可与not连用，意为“还没有”
ever
“曾经”，用于现在完成时，多用于疑问句、否定句或if从句
already
“已经”，常用于肯定句中，与现在完成时连用。already一般不用于否定句中，但可用于疑问句中，表示期待对方作出明确答复或表示惊讶，此时already常置于句末
still
“至今还，现在仍然”，常用于肯定句中
【活学活用】
5．I
have
_________finished
my
homework.Let's
play
basketball.
6．—Have
you
finished
your
homework_____?
—Not
_____．I
was
playing
computer
games.
7．This
is
the
most
beautiful
butterfly
that
I
have
_____seen
in
my
life.
8．It
was
very
late，but
the
teachers
were
_____working
hard
in
the
office.
already
yet
yet
ever
still
?for
与since
【典例在线】
These
foreigners
have
lived
in
China
for
about
ten
years.
这些外国人在中国已经住了大约十年了。
He
has
known
that
man
since
he
came
here
six
years
ago.
自从他六年前来到这儿就认识那个人了。
【拓展精析】
【活学活用】
9.
Our
teachers
have
been
with
us
for
nearly
three
years
_______we
came
to
junior
high
school.
10．—You
have
a
nice
car.
—Thank
you.I
have
had
it
____less
than
one
month.
since
for
?There
have/has
been…已经有……
【典例在线】
There
has
been
life
on
the
earth
for
hundreds
of
millions
of
years.
数亿年前地球上已有生命存在了。
There
must
be
something
wrong
with
your
computer.
你的电脑一定出了问题。
【拓展精析】
“there
be…”意为“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。它可以用于不同时态，也可以和情态动词连用。如：there
is/are…；there
was/were…；there
have/has
been…；there
is/are
going
to
be…；there
will/must/may
be…；there
used
to
be…等。
【活学活用】
1．There
_____(有)
a
great
concert
in
the
theatre
next
Saturday
evening.
2．—__________(有)
any
students
in
the
classroom
when
the
earthquake
happened?
—Yes，but
they
have
been
saved.
3．
(有)
great
changes
in
such
kind
of
PDAs
(掌上电脑)
in
the
last
few
years.
will
be
Were
there
There
have
been
?I
haven't
done
much
exercise
since
I
got
my
computer
last
year.自从我去年有电脑后我就没做多少锻炼了。
【典例在线】
He
has
studied
very
hard
since
he
came
to
our
school.自从来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。
The
film
has
been
on
for
an
hour.电影已经开始一个小时了。
It's
ten
years
since
he
became
a
volunteer.自从他成为志愿者开始到现在已有10年了。
【拓展精析】
现在完成时：
①for后接表示一段时间的词或短语；since后接表示过去某一时间的词或短语(如since
last
month)，也可接表示过去的句子(如since
he
came
to
China)。即：for＋时间段；since＋时间点。
②当与how
long，for，since连用时，句中的动词要用延续性动词；短暂性动词须换成延续性动词或表状态的形容词或介词短语。如：
come→be
in；leave→be
away；open→be
open；close→be
closed；begin/start→be
on；borrow→keep；buy→have等。
③It
is＋时间段＋since＋从句(一般过去时)，意为“自从……到现在已有多长时间了”。
【活学活用】
4．—I
wonder
when
you
________(买)
the
new
watch.
—Well，I
________________(已经买了)
it
for
two
weeks.
5．—When
will
the
talk
show
___________(开始)
tonight?
—It's
____________(已经开始)
for
ten
minutes.
6．She
_______________(离开)
her
home
town
since
she
was
18
years
old.
7．It's
nearly
two
years
since
I
_________(come)
here.
bought
have
had/kept
begin/start
been
on
has
been
away
from
came
A．根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
1．If
you
want
to
keep
fit，you
should
do
________(锻炼)
every
day.
2．This
is
the
thing
you've
_______(刚才)
lost.
3．I
have
lived
here
_______(自……以来)
January.
4．He
can't
drive
____(还).
5．Although
she
was
____(生病的)，she
still
went
to
work.
exercise
just
since
yet
ill
B．用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6．Columbus
___________(discover)
America
in
1492.
7．It
is
two
years
since
I
__________(become)
an
English
teacher.
8．She
___________(learn)
physics
for
two
years.
9．How
many
times
have
you
______(be)
to
the
Summer
Palace?
10．It's
__________(possible)
to
read
all
the
books
in
one
day.
I
need
another
two
days.
discovered
became
has
learnt
been
impossible
