2021届高考英语3500词汇(基础+提升)练09
基础练(夯实基础)
一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式)
1.—What
bad
weather!
I’m
afraid
the
trip
will
be?__________(取消).
—If
only
it
would
clear
up
tomorrow.
【答案】canceled
【句意】“真是糟糕的天气！恐怕旅行要被取消了。”“要是明天能够放晴该多好啊。”
2.You
may
rely
on
him
in
that
he
is?__________(能够)of?__________(计算)the
consequences
of
such
events
accurately.
【答案】capable,
calculating
【句意】你可以信赖他，因为他能准确地计算出这种事件的后果。
3.More?and?more?old?people?have?__________(资金)tied?up?in?a?house.?
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【答案】capital
【句意】越来越多老年人的资金全让房子给套牢了。
4.Against
all
odds,
he
succeeded
in
carving
out
a?__________(事业)in
the
media.
【答案】career
【句意】他冲破层层障碍，终于在传媒业中干出了一番事业。
5.A
powerful
hurricane
struck
the
town
of
America,?__________(造成)at
least
ten
deaths.
【答案】causing
【句意】一场强烈的飓风袭击了美国小镇，造成至少十人死亡。
6.She?had?a?purposeful?air,?and?it?became?evident?that?this?was?not?a?__________(随意的)visit.
(?javascript:void(0);?)
【答案】casual
【句意】她一副无事不登三宝殿的神情，很明显，这不是一次随意造访。
7.After
our
government
launched
a
?__________(运动)to
popularize
Chinese
language
worldwide,
lots
of
Confucius
colleges
have
appeared
in
foreign
universities.
【答案】campaign
【句意】我国政府在世界范围内发起一个推广中国语言运动，在国外大学已经出现了许多孔子学院。
8.Being
offered
the
opportunity
to
speak
at
the
graduation
__________(典礼)made
me
overjoyed.
【答案】ceremony
【句意】有机会在毕业典礼上发言使我欣喜若狂。
9.After
the
operation
you
may
find
it
difficult
to?__________(咀嚼)and
swallow.
(?javascript:void(0);?)
【答案】chew
【句意】手术后你咀嚼和吞咽都会感到困难。
10.Would
you
please
wait
for
a
moment
while
I
telephone
the
reception
desk
to?__________(查)?
【答案】check
【句意】请您稍等片刻，我给服务台打电话查一下好吗？
11.If
you
like
her,
why
don’t
you
__________?after
the
girl?
【答案】chase
【句意】如果你喜欢她，你为什么不追那个女孩子呢？
12.It
is
no
use
regretting
not
having
studied
harder.?C__________?up
and
move
on.
As
the
saying
goes,
“Better
late
than
never.”
【答案】Cheer
【句意】后悔以前没有努力学习没有用。振作起来向前看。有句俗语说的好“迟做总比不做好。”
13.To
c__________?Jane
on
having
passed
the
examination,
we
held
a
party
to
c__________?it.
【答案】congratulate,
celebrate
【句意】为了祝贺珍妮通过考试，我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事情。
14.You
will
never?c__________??to?learn?as?long?as?you?live.?
(?javascript:void(0);"
\o
"机器发音?)?
(?javascript:void(0);"
\o
"学习?)
【答案】cease
【句意】活到老，学到老。
15.—Will
you
go
travelling
with
me
this
summer?
—I’m
not
sure.
I
may
have
to?take
c___________?of
my
grandma.
【答案】care
【句意】“今年夏天你和我一起去旅行么？”“不一定，我可能要照顾祖母。”
16.Jack
Ma
insisted
that
there
should
be
no
excellent
businessmen
if
everything
went
too
smoothly
and
that
they?c___________?on
as
normal
in
face
of
hardships.
【答案】carried
【句意】马云坚持认为，如果一切太过顺利，那就不会有优秀的商人，优秀的商人在困难面前照常工作。
17.Although
a
snowstorm
is
on
the
way,
football
fans
are
still
looking
forward?to
not
c___________?off
the
football
match
between
the
two
teams.
【答案】calling
【句意】虽然一场暴风雪即将来临，但球迷们仍在期待不取消两队之间的足球比赛。
18.The
students’
Union?___________?on
us
to
give
away
our
used
books
to
the
students
in
the
lower
grades.
【答案】called
【句意】学生会号召我们把用过的书送给低年级的学生。
19.—It’s
a
good
idea.
But
who’s
going
to?c___________
out?the
plan?
—I
think
Tom
and
Mike
will.
【答案】carry
【句意】“那是一个好主意，但是谁将去实施这个计划呢？”“我认为汤姆和迈克可以。”
20.It
is
the
America’s
selling
weapons
to
Taiwan
that?c___________
a
shadow
on?the
Sino—US
relationship.
【答案】cast
【句意】正是美国向台湾出售武器给中美关系蒙上了阴影。
21.I
had
been
out
of
touch
with
Allen
for
many
years
but
the
moment
he?c___________
me
up
that
day,
I
recognised
his
voice.
【答案】called
【句意】我和阿伦已经多年没有联系了，但那天他一给我打电话，我就听出了他的声音。
22.He
invented
a
new
game
intended
for
children,
but
it
never
really?c___________
on.
【答案】caught
【句意】他发明了一种专为儿童设计的新游戏，但从未真正流行起来。
23.It’s
difficult
to?___________?down
the
football
fans,
who
were
crazy
about
the
victory.
【答案】calm
【句意】要使这些球迷冷静下来很难，他们想赢球都想疯了。
24.—Hello,
Jane,
have
you
arrived
at
the
hotel?
—Yeah,
busy?c___________
in.
I’ll
call
back
later.
【答案】checking
【句意】“珍妮你好。你到宾馆了吗？”“是的，我正在忙着登记入住，晚些时候给你电话。”
25.Once
you
promise
to
buy
her
a
gift,
you
can’t
break
it?in
any
c___________.
【答案】case
【句意】句意：一旦你许下诺言给她买礼物，在任何情况下你都不能违背诺言。
二、单句语法填空(用所给单词的正确形式填空或填上恰当的单词)
1.BeiDou
Navigation
Satellite
System
offers
users
a
global
positioning__________(capable)with
great
accuracy.
【答案】capability
【句意】北斗导航卫星系统为用户提供高精度的全球定位能力。
2.The
accident
arising
from
his
__________(care)was
serious
and
he
undertook
to
answer
for
it.
【答案】carelessness
【句意】由于他粗心大意而引起的事故是严重的，他承诺对此负责。
3.The
gunmen
__________(calm)walked
away
and
escaped
in
a
waiting
car.
【答案】calmly
【句意】持枪歹徒不慌不忙地走开，坐上一辆等候的汽车逃走了。
4.Alan
is
a?__________
driver,
but
he
drives
the
least?__________of
my
friends.(care)
【答案】careful,
carefully
【句意】艾伦是个细心的司机，但在我的朋友中他开车是最不细心的。
5.Chinn’s
second
aircraft?__________(carry),
whose
construction
took
more
than
six
years,
entered
service
at
the
end
of
2019.
【答案】carrier
【句意】中国第二艘航母建造历时6年多，于2019年底投入使用。
6.All
those
things
gave
him
a
feeling
of
security
and?__________(calm).
【答案】calmness
【句意】所有那一切给他一种安全、平静的感觉。
7.You
must
be?__________(caution).
You
mustn’t
take
any
unnecessary
risks
until
you
are
quite
sure.
【答案】cautious
【句意】你必须要小心。在有把握之前，你一定不能冒任何不必要的风险。
8.It’s
improper
to
drop
in
on
him
so?__________(casual).
【答案】casually
【句意】这样冒冒失失去找他可不妥当。
9.The
stormy
and
treacherous
weather
added
to
difficulty
and?__________(certain)in
the
search
for
the
missing
passengers.
【答案】uncertainty
【句意】暴风骤雨的天气增加了寻找失踪乘客的难度和不确定性。
10.A
computer
does
complicated?__________(calculate)in
a
few
seconds.
【答案】calculations
【句意】有了计算机，繁复的计算几秒钟就能完成。
三、单句改错(每句最多有两个错误，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)
1.Through
the
fire
drill
I
now
realize
how
dangerous
it
is
when
there
is
a
fire
and
that
we
should
know
how
to
escape
from
a
fire
on
case
of
emergency.
【答案】on改为in
【解析】in
case
of万一，如果，因此把on改为in。句意：通过消防演习，我现在意识到火灾发生时有多危险；认识到在紧急情况下如何从火灾中逃生。
2.—Why
was
the
young
lady
taken
away
by
the
police?
—By
accident
she
was
caught
stolen
something
in
the
supermarket.
【答案】stolen改为stealing
【解析】be
caught
doing
sth.做某事被当场被抓获、逮住。句意：“那位年轻的女士为什么被警察带走？”“碰巧她在超市偷东西是被当场逮住。
3.It’s
difficult
to
adapt
to
all
tastes.
One
man’s
meat
is
another
man’s
poison.
【答案】adapt改为cater
【解析】adapt
to适应；cater
to迎合，满足要求。句意：很难满足各种口味要求。俗话说，萝卜青菜各有所爱。
4.I’m
writing
to
congratulate
you
of
your
winning
first
prize
in
the
English
short
novel
competition
recently.
【答案】of改为on/for
【解析】congratulate
sb
on/for
sth表示“为某事祝贺某人”，故of改为on/for。句意：我写信祝贺你在英文短篇小说比赛中获得一等奖。
5.In
these
means,
I
always
made
myself
cheer
and
optimistic,
full
of
great
enthusiasm
for
English
study.
【答案】In改为By,
cheer改为cheerful
【解析】by
the
means用这种办法，故把In改为By；make+宾语+形容词(宾语补足语)，故把cheer改为cheerful。句意：通过这些方式，我总是让自己高兴和乐观，对英语学习充满了极大的热情。
6.A
man
called
himself
David
Marsh
is
asking
to
see
you.
【答案】called改为calling
【解析】call
oneself
sth.自称为……。A
man与call之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语。故called改为calling。句意：一个自称David
Marsh
的人要见你。
7.Yesterday
I
called
at
you
and
asked
if
I
could
borrow
some
jewellery.
【答案】at改为on
【解析】短语用法错误。短语call
on
sb.拜访某人。句意：昨天我拜访了你，问是否可以借一些珠宝。故将at改为on。
8.I
can
thank
you
too
much
for
all
your
help
to
my
son
while
he
was
away
from
home.
【答案】can改为can’t/couldn’t
【解析】句意：我儿子不在家时，你帮了我的忙，我怎么感谢你也不过分。结合句意可知，can’t/couldn’t...too...意为“再……都不为过”。故将can改为can’t/couldn’t。
9.But
if
I
am
friendly
and
carefully
enough,
how
will
these
things
happen?
【答案】carefully改为careful
【解析】此处be动词am后面用形容词作表语，carefully是副词，故把carefully改为careful。句意：但是，如果我足够友好和小心，这些事情怎么会发生呢？
10.One
day,
a
boy
whom
is
one
of
her
neighbors
injured
his
leg
for
carelessly.
【答案】whom改为who/that,
去掉for或carelessly改为carelessness
【解析】a
boy后接的定语从句，关系词在定语从句中做主语，用who/that，故把whom改为who/that。
这里用副词carelessly或者介词短语for
carelessness作状语，故去掉for或将carelessly改为carelessness。句意：一天，有个小男孩也是她的一位邻居不小心伤到了腿。
11.There
was
lots
of
excitement
and
cheer
during
the
whole
process.
【答案】cheer改为cheers
【解析】cheer为可数名词，cheers欢呼，喝彩。句意：整个过程充满了兴奋和欢呼。
12.The
manager
in
the
charge
of
our
team
was
shocked
by
our
victory.
【答案】去掉the
【解析】此处in
charge
of...在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词manager，意为“负责，管理”，故去掉the。句意：负责我们球队的经理对我们的胜利感动惊讶。
13.American
scientists
say
they
believe
that
trees
can
warn
each
other
of
danger.
They
do
it
by
sending
out
chemical
into
the
air.
【答案】chemical改为chemicals
【解析】chemical“化学物质”是可数名词，send
out
chemicals“排放出化学物质”，用复数形式。句意：美国科学家说，他们相信树木可以互相警告有危险。他们通过向空气中释放化学物质来做到这一点。
14.The
main
subjects
I
studied
at
school
including
Chinese,
maths,
English,
physics,
chemical
and
computer.
【答案】concluding改为conclude,
chemical改为chemistry
【解析】句中的include是谓语动词，应该用included；句中的学科名称是并列关系，应将chemical改为chemistry名词。句意：我在学校学习的主要科目包括语文、数学、英语、物理、化学和电脑。
15.The
weather
here
in
summer
is
so
changing.
Please
take
an
umbrella
when
you
go
out.
【答案】changing改为changeable
【解析】不是天气正在变化，而是天气多变(changeable)。句意：今年夏天的天气是多变的，出去的时候请带上雨伞。
16.As
for
finding
a
part-time
job,
it
is
not
necessary,
for
you
can
have
more
chance
to
take
a
job.
【答案】chance改为chances
【解析】chance“机会”为可数名词，受more修饰，故把chance改为chances。句意：至于找一份兼职工作，这是没有必要的，因为你有更多的机会工作。
17.No
matter
how
challenged
my
dream
is,
I’ll
make
it
come
true.
【答案】challenged改为challenging
【解析】challenged是用来作it的表语的。challenged意为“受到挑战的”；challenging意为“挑战性的”句意：无论我的梦想多么富有挑战性，我都会实现它。根据句意可知，是富有挑战性的，因此challenged改为challenging。
18.He
announced
with
the
certainty
that
polluted
water
carried
the
virus.
【答案】去掉with后面的the
【解析】with
certainty肯定地，确信。句意：他确信地宣布污染的水携带病毒。
19.I
was
so
encouraged
that
I
ran
faster
and
faster?till
I
caught
up
all
the
other
runners.
【答案】up后面加with
【解析】catch
up
with是固定搭配，表示“赶上”，故up
后加with。句意：深受鼓舞的我跑得越来越快，直到我赶上了其他的选手。
20.People’s
chatting
each
other
is
something
that
bothers
her
most
when
she
is
seeing
a
film.
【答案】chatting后面加with
【解析】chat
with
each
other相互聊天，故在chatting后面加with。句意：人们相互聊天是看她电影时最使令她心烦的事情。
提升练(对接高考)
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Frederick
the
Great,
King
of
Prussia,
was
seated
in
his
room
when
a
petition(请愿书)was
brought
to
him.
The
King
had
just
returned
from
hunting,
and
the
glare
of
the
sun,
or
some
other
1
,
had
so
dazzled(使……目眩)his
eyes
that
he
found
it
difficult
to
2
a
single
word
of
the
writing.
So
he
called
the
servant
boy.
The
poor
boy
3
a
poor
reader,
huddling(挤在一起)several
words
together
4
they
were
syllables
of
one
long
word,
which
he
must
get
through
with
as
speedily
as
possible.
“Stop!
Send
me
that
little
girl
sitting
there
by
the
fountain.”
The
girl
5
pointed
out
by
the
King
was
the
daughter
of
a
royal
6
,
who
had
come
to
help
her
father
weed
the
flower
beds.
She
was
somewhat
7
but
took
courage
when
the
King
told
her
that
he
only
wanted
her
to
8
for
him,
as
his
eyes
were
weak.
Ernestine,
the
little
girl,
was
9
of
reading,
and
often
many
of
the
neighbors
would
10
at
her
father’s
house
to
hear
her.
Those
who
could
not
read
themselves
would
come
with
their
letters
from
friends
or
children,
so
she
formed
the
11
of
reading
various
sorts
of
handwriting
promptly
and
well.
The
King
gave
her
the
petition,
and
she
rapidly
12
the
opening
lines
to
get
some
13
of
what
it
was
about.
It
was
from
a
poor
widow,
whose
only
son
had
been
14
into
the
army,
although
his
health
was
delicate.
His
father
had
been
killed
in
battle.
Ernestine
read
the
petition
with
so
much
15
,
and
in
tones
so
pure
and
distinct,
that
when
she
had
finished,
the
King,
into
whose
eyes
16
had
started,
cried
excitedly,
“Oh!
now
I
understand
what
it
is
all
about;
but
I
might
never
have
known
its
17
had
I
trusted
to
that
young
gentleman.
As
for
you,
my
young
lady,”
continued
the
King,
“I
know
you
will
ask
no
better
18
than
the
pleasure
of
carrying
to
this
poor
widow
my
order
for
her
son’s
immediate
discharge.”
How
happy
Ernestine
was!
Because
of
her
good
reading,
the
poor
widow
19
her
son.
Ernestine
also
20
did
the
servant
boy
good
for,
sorry
for
his
bad
reading,
he
began
studying
in
earnest
and
finally
became
a
lawyer.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述普鲁士国王收到一个寡妇的请愿书，他眼睛不适无法看清上面文字，叫来园丁女儿替他读，女孩读的很好，国王感动特赦寡妇儿子不用服兵役，同时女孩间接帮助了原来阅读不好的侍童，他努力学习最终成为律师。
1.
A.
result
B.
cause
C.
performance
D.
routine
【答案】B
【解析】A.
result结果；B.
cause原因；C.
performance表演，表现；D.
routine常规，例行程序。根据“the
glare
of
the
sun...had
so
dazzled
his
eyes
”阳光让他的眼花，or并列连词连接名词和“the
glare
of
the
sun”并列做主语，可知还有一些其他原因，故选B。
2.
A.
make
out
B.
set
out
C.
polish
up
D.
call
up
【答案】A
【解析】A.
make
out辨别；B.
set
out出发；C.
polish
up改善，提高；D.
call
up打电话给，征召(服役)。根据“the
glare
of
the
sun...had
so
dazzled
his
eyes
”可知，阳光让国王的眼花可知，他很难看清楚文书里的字，故填A。
3.
A.
turned
B.
grew
C.
became
D.
proved
【答案】D
【解析】A.
turned变成；B.grew生长；C.
became变成；D.
proved证明。根据最后一段最后一句“sorry
for
his
bad
reading”可知，这个男孩读的不好，证明了他阅读很差，故选D。
4.
A.
so
that
B.
in
that
C.
as
if
D.
in
case
【答案】C
【解析】A.
so
that以便；B.
in
that因为；C.
as
if好像；D.
in
case万一，以防。根据“huddling(挤在一起)several
words
together”他把几个单词拼在一起，可以判断男孩把几个单词读在一起成好像一个单词，故选C。
5.
A.
otherwise
B.
thus
C.
initially
D.
typically
【答案】B
【解析】A.
otherwise否则；B.
thus像这样，正如，因此；C.
initially最初；D.
typically典型地。根据前一句“Send
me
that
little
girl
sitting
there
by
the
fountain.”可知，叫那个坐在喷泉旁边的小女孩过来，皇家园丁的女儿正是国王这指的这个女孩，thus在这里意为“正是、正如”，故选B。
6.
A.
cook
B.
guard
C.
painter
D.
gardener
【答案】D
【解析】A.
cook厨师；B.
guard守卫；C.
painter油漆工；D.
gardener园丁。根据空格后面“who
had
come
to
help
her
father
weed
the
flower
beds”可知，女孩来帮她父亲除草，可推断她父亲是园丁，故选D。
7.
A.
alarmed
B.
puzzled
C.
excited
D.
inspired
【答案】A
【解析】A.
alarmed害怕；B.
puzzled疑惑地；C.
excited兴奋的；D.
inspired受到鼓舞的。空格后面“took
courage”(鼓起勇气)可以推断，最初女孩有点害怕，故选A。
8.
A.
act
B.
read
C.
calculate
D.
observe
【答案】B
【解析】A.
act行动，表现；B.
read读；C.
calculate计算；D.
observe观察。根据空格后面“as
his
eyes
were
weak.”可知，因为国王的眼睛视力很差，所以国王只想让她读给他听，故选B。
9.
A.
cautious
B.
ashamed
C.
fond
D.
afraid
【答案】C
【解析】A.
cautious谨慎的；B.
ashamed羞愧的；C.
fond喜欢的；D.
afraid害怕的。根据后文“often
many
of
the
neighbors
would...at
her
father’s
house
to
hear
her.”可知，很多邻居经常去她父亲家听她读书，可以判断女孩喜欢读书，故选C。
10.
A.
gather
B.
celebrate
C.
interact
D.
chat
【答案】A
【解析】A.
gather聚集；B.
celebrate庆祝；C.
interact互动；D.
chat闲聊。根据“often
many
of
the
neighbors
would...at
her
father’s
house
to
hear
her.”可知，很多邻居在她父亲家听她读书，可以推断很多邻居聚集在一起听她读书，故选A。
11.
A.
plan
B.
league
C.
habit
D.
basis
【答案】C
【解析】A.
plan计划；B.
league联盟；C.
habit习惯；D.
basis基础。根据前文“那些不会阅读的人会带着朋友或孩子的来信前来。”可知，因此她养成了阅读各种笔迹的习惯，故选C。
12.
A.
went
over
B.
broke
down
C.
sorted
out
D.
glanced
through
【答案】D
【解析】A.
went
over复习；B.
broke
down坏掉；C.
sorted
out分类；D.
glanced
through浏览。根据空前“rapidly”(快速地)，可以判断女孩快速地浏览一下文书开头，故选D。
13.
A.
truth
B.
idea
C.
description
D.
guidance
【答案】B
【解析】A.
truth真相；B.
idea大致情况，想法；C.
description描述；D.
guidance指导。根据空前“迅速地浏览一下请愿书开头”，可以判断女孩想先了解事情的大致情况，故选B。
14.
A.
attracted
B.
drafted
C.
stationed
D.
transported
【答案】B
【解析】A.
attracted吸引；B.
drafted征兵；C.
stationed驻扎；D.
transported运输。根据这一段倒数第一句“His
father
had
been
killed
in
battle.”可知，寡妇的丈夫已经在战场是牺牲了，现在她唯一的儿子也被征召入伍，故选B。
15.
A.
feeling
B.
emphasis
C.
dignity
D.
tension
【答案】A
【解析】A.
feeling感情；B.
emphasis强调；C.
dignity尊严；D.
tension紧张。根据后文“the
King,
into
whose
eyes...had
started,
cried
excitedly,”可知，国王激动地哭了，是因为Ernestine读请愿书时感情丰富感动了国王，故选A。
16.
A.
hatred
B.
trust
C.
hopes
D.
tears
【答案】D
【解析】A.
hatred憎恨；B.
trust信任；C.
hopes希望；D.
tears眼泪。根据后文“cried
excitedly”可知，国王已经开始流泪，故选D。
17.
A.
format
B.
address
C.
meaning
D.
audience
【答案】C
【解析】A.
format格式；B.
address地址；C.
meaning意义；D.
audience观众。根据这段第一句可知，Ernestine读请愿书时感情丰富，语调纯净而鲜明，所以国王听的很明白并理解请愿书的深刻涵义，故选C。
18.
A.
assistance
B.
bonus
C.
reward
D.
freedom
【答案】C
【解析】A.
assistance帮助；B.
bonus奖金，红利；C.
reward报酬，奖赏；D.
freedom自由。根据前文可知，国王由于眼睛不适请这个女孩帮忙读请愿书，女孩读的清楚明白，所以国王想给报酬，故选C。
19.
A.
contacted
B.
regained
C.
defended
D.
relieved
【答案】B
【解析】A.
contacted联系；B.
regained重新获得；C.
defended防御；D.
relieved减轻；缓解。根据上一段最后一句“...
order
for
her
son's
immediate
discharge.”(把我的命令带给这个可怜的寡妇让她儿子马上免除服兵役)可知，寡妇儿子不用服兵役了，她重新得到了儿子，故选B。
20.
A.
indirectly
B.
deliberately
C.
temporarily
D.
appropriately
【答案】A
【解析】A.
indirectly间接地；B.
deliberately故意地；C.
temporarily临时地；D.
appropriately恰当地。根据这一句“Ernestine
also...did
the
servant
boy
good
for,
sorry
for
his
bad
reading,
he
began
studying
in
earnest
and
finally
became
a
lawyer.
Ernestine”可知，Ernestine也帮助了侍童，侍童因为读的不好感到抱歉，他开始认真学习，最后成为律师，这个句子里的第一个for是连词，意为“因为”，可以推断女孩间接帮助了男孩，故选A。
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qianlong
Emperor
of
the
Qing
Dynasty
fell
interested
in
the
local
drama
during
his
tour
of
Southern
China.
1
(celebration)his
80th
birthday
in
1790,
he
gathered
opera
troupes(剧团)from
different
areas
around
China
to
perform
for
him
in
Beijing.
2
the
celebration
came
to
an
end,
four
famous
troupes
from
Anhui
Province
3
(ask)to
stay,
for
audiences
were
particularly
satisfied
with
their
great
performances,
4
(color)clothes
and
interesting
facial
makeup.
5
(gradual),
it
replaced
Kunqu
Opera
that
had
been
popular
in
the
palace
and
among
the
upper
ranks
in
Beijing.
Later,
some
troupes
from
Hubei
Province
came
to
Beijing
and
often
performed
together
with
the
Anhui
troupes.
The
two
types
of
singing
combined
on
6
same
stage
and
finally
gave
birth
to
a
new
type
which
was
known
as
Beijing
Opera.
Beijing
Opera
absorbed
various
7
(characteristic)of
its
forerunners,
such
as
singing
and
dancing,
and
adapted
itself
in
language
and
style
of
singing
to
8
for
Beijing
audiences’
tastes.
As
time
goes
by,
its
9
(popular)has
spread
all
over
the
country,
with
it
10
(become)the
most
popular
drama
in
China.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的由来及发展。
1.【答案】To
celebrate
【解析】考查词性转换(动词)和非谓语动词。后面有宾语his
80th
birthday，故此处要用动词，且这里表示“为了庆祝他80岁的生日”，因此要用动词不定式作目的状语，故填To
celebrate。句意：1790年，为了庆祝他80岁生日，他召集了来自中国各地的剧团在北京为他表演。
2.【答案】After/When
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处可用After“在……之后”或者When“当……时”引导时间状语从句，故填After/When。
3.【答案】were
asked
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。此处是在陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；troupes与ask之间是被动关系应用被动语态；又因句子的主语是four
famous
troupes是复数，所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were
asked。
4.【答案】colorful
【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。根据and可知此处要用形容词修饰名词clothes，故填colorful。句意：庆祝活动结束后/当庆祝活动结束时，来自安徽省的四个著名的剧团被邀请留下来，因为观众对他们出色的表演、丰富多彩的服装和有趣的化妆特别满意。
5.【答案】Gradually
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。此处要用副词gradually“逐渐地，渐渐地”在句中作状语，位于句首，修饰整个句子，故填Gradually。句意：渐渐地，它取代了在北京的皇宫和上层阶级中盛行的昆曲。
6.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。根据same
stage可知此处要用冠词the，表示特指，the
same“同一个”，故填the。句意：这两种唱腔在同一个舞台上结合，最终产生了一种新的唱腔，被称为京剧。
7.【答案】Characteristics
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。根据形容词various修饰名词可知此处要用名词，且characteristic“特点，特征”是可数名词，可知此处要用其复数形式，故填characteristics。
8.【答案】cater
【解析】考查动词短语中的动词。后面的tastes提示与之搭配的是“迎合cater
for”，故填cater。句意：京剧吸收了其先驱的各种特点，如歌唱和舞蹈，并在语言和演唱风格上进行了调整，以迎合北京观众的口味。
9.【答案】popularity
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据its可知此处要用名词做主语，故填popularity。
10.【答案】becoming
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据with
it可知此处是with的复合结构，且动词become与其逻辑主语it之间为主谓关系，因此此处要用现在分词在句中作宾补，故填becoming。句意：随着时间的推移，它的流行已经蔓延到全国各地，它成为中国最受欢迎的戏剧。
三、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One
morning
that
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
tried
cooking
for
first
time.
As
my
parents
weren’t
in,
I
have
to
cook
something
to
eat.
I
took
an
egg
from
the
refrigerator,
putting
some
oil
in
the
pan
and
cracked
an
egg
into
it.
After
a
few
seconds,
I
tried
to
turn
the
egg
over
in
the
case
it
would
get
burnt.
Unexpectedly,
it
catched
fire.
Not
knowing
what
to
do,
I
screamed
but
rushed
out
of
the
kitchen.
After
a
while,
I
realized
I
should
put
down
the
fire,
so
I
returned,
only
to
find
something
but
a
black
burnt
egg.
I’ve
learned
that
I
can’t
be
too
carefully
while
cooking.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小学时独自在家煎鸡蛋，不小心把蛋煎糊了，还差点儿酿成火灾的故事。
1.【答案】that改为when
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词morning在从句中充当时间状语，故应用关系副词when，故将that改为when。
2.【答案】for后加the
【解析】考查介词短语中的冠词。for
the
first
time第一次，故在first前加定冠词the。句意：那是上小学的一天早上，我第一次尝试做饭。
3.【答案】have改为had
【解析】考查动词的时态。结合语境可知，“我烹饪”的动作发生在过去之前，故应用过去完成时，其结构为had
done，故将have改为had。句意：因为我父母不在家，我得做饭吃。
4.【答案】putting改为put
【解析】考查谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处用and连接took,
put和
cracked三个谓语动词，故put也应用过去时形式，故将putting改为put。句意：我从冰箱里拿出一个鸡蛋，在锅里放了些油，然后把一个鸡蛋敲碎放到里面。
5.【答案】删除case前的the
【解析】后面是一个句子，应该用连词in
case引导从句，故将case前的the删除。句意：几秒钟后，我试着把鸡蛋翻过来，以免它烧焦。
6.【答案】catched改为caught
【解析】考查动词的过去式。catch的过去式是caught，故把catched改为caught。句意：没有料到的是，它着火了。
7.【答案】but改为and
【解析】考查连词。句意：不知道该怎么办，我尖叫着冲出厨房。结合句意可知，此处是顺承关系，故将but改为and。
8.【答案】down改为out
【解析】考查动词短语。put
down镇压，put
out扑灭，故把down改为out
。
9.【答案】something改为nothing
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：一会之后，我意识到我应该把火扑灭，因此我返回了厨房，除了一个烧黑的鸡蛋我什么都没发现。结合句意可知，此处应意为“除了烧黑的鸡蛋什么也没有发现”，“没什么”nothing，故将something改为nothing。
10.【答案】carefully改为careful
【解析】考查形容词。此处应用形容词作表语，故将carefully改为careful。句意：我明白了做饭时怎么小心都不为过。2021届高考英语3500词汇(基础+提升)练09
基础练(夯实基础)
一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式)
1.—What
bad
weather!
I’m
afraid
the
trip
will
be?__________(取消).
—If
only
it
would
clear
up
tomorrow.
2.You
may
rely
on
him
in
that
he
is?__________(能够)of?__________(计算)the
consequences
of
such
events
accurately.
3.More?and?more?old?people?have?__________(资金)tied?up?in?a?house.?
(?javascript:void(0);?)
4.Against
all
odds,
he
succeeded
in
carving
out
a?__________(事业)in
the
media.
5.A
powerful
hurricane
struck
the
town
of
America,?__________(造成)at
least
ten
deaths.
6.She?had?a?purposeful?air,?and?it?became?evident?that?this?was?not?a?__________(随意的)visit.
(?javascript:void(0);?)
7.After
our
government
launched
a
?__________(运动)to
popularize
Chinese
language
worldwide,
lots
of
Confucius
colleges
have
appeared
in
foreign
universities.
8.Being
offered
the
opportunity
to
speak
at
the
graduation
__________(典礼)made
me
overjoyed.
9.After
the
operation
you
may
find
it
difficult
to?__________(咀嚼)and
swallow.
(?javascript:void(0);?)
10.Would
you
please
wait
for
a
moment
while
I
telephone
the
reception
desk
to?__________(查)?
11.If
you
like
her,
why
don’t
you
__________?after
the
girl?
12.It
is
no
use
regretting
not
having
studied
harder.?C__________?up
and
move
on.
As
the
saying
goes,
“Better
late
than
never.”
13.To
c__________?Jane
on
having
passed
the
examination,
we
held
a
party
to
c__________?it.
14.You
will
never?c__________??to?learn?as?long?as?you?live.?
(?javascript:void(0);"
\o
"机器发音?)?
(?javascript:void(0);"
\o
"学习?)
15.—Will
you
go
travelling
with
me
this
summer?
—I’m
not
sure.
I
may
have
to?take
c___________?of
my
grandma.
16.Jack
Ma
insisted
that
there
should
be
no
excellent
businessmen
if
everything
went
too
smoothly
and
that
they?c___________?on
as
normal
in
face
of
hardships.
17.Although
a
snowstorm
is
on
the
way,
football
fans
are
still
looking
forward?to
not
c___________?off
the
football
match
between
the
two
teams.
18.The
students’
Union?___________?on
us
to
give
away
our
used
books
to
the
students
in
the
lower
grades.
19.—It’s
a
good
idea.
But
who’s
going
to?c___________
out?the
plan?
—I
think
Tom
and
Mike
will.
20.It
is
the
America’s
selling
weapons
to
Taiwan
that?c___________
a
shadow
on?the
Sino—US
relationship.
21.I
had
been
out
of
touch
with
Allen
for
many
years
but
the
moment
he?c___________
me
up
that
day,
I
recognised
his
voice.
22.He
invented
a
new
game
intended
for
children,
but
it
never
really?c___________
on.
23.It’s
difficult
to?___________?down
the
football
fans,
who
were
crazy
about
the
victory.
24.—Hello,
Jane,
have
you
arrived
at
the
hotel?
—Yeah,
busy?c___________
in.
I’ll
call
back
later.
25.Once
you
promise
to
buy
her
a
gift,
you
can’t
break
it?in
any
c___________.
二、单句语法填空(用所给单词的正确形式填空或填上恰当的单词)
1.BeiDou
Navigation
Satellite
System
offers
users
a
global
positioning__________(capable)with
great
accuracy.
2.The
accident
arising
from
his
__________(care)was
serious
and
he
undertook
to
answer
for
it.
3.The
gunmen
__________(calm)walked
away
and
escaped
in
a
waiting
car.
4.Alan
is
a?__________
driver,
but
he
drives
the
least?__________of
my
friends.(care)
5.Chinn’s
second
aircraft?__________(carry),
whose
construction
took
more
than
six
years,
entered
service
at
the
end
of
2019.
6.All
those
things
gave
him
a
feeling
of
security
and?__________(calm).
7.You
must
be?__________(caution).
You
mustn’t
take
any
unnecessary
risks
until
you
are
quite
sure.
8.It’s
improper
to
drop
in
on
him
so?__________(casual).
9.The
stormy
and
treacherous
weather
added
to
difficulty
and?__________(certain)in
the
search
for
the
missing
passengers.
10.A
computer
does
complicated?__________(calculate)in
a
few
seconds.
三、单句改错(每句最多有两个错误，错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)
1.Through
the
fire
drill
I
now
realize
how
dangerous
it
is
when
there
is
a
fire
and
that
we
should
know
how
to
escape
from
a
fire
on
case
of
emergency.
2.—Why
was
the
young
lady
taken
away
by
the
police?
—By
accident
she
was
caught
stolen
something
in
the
supermarket.
3.It’s
difficult
to
adapt
to
all
tastes.
One
man’s
meat
is
another
man’s
poison.
4.I’m
writing
to
congratulate
you
of
your
winning
first
prize
in
the
English
short
novel
competition
recently.
5.In
these
means,
I
always
made
myself
cheer
and
optimistic,
full
of
great
enthusiasm
for
English
study.
6.A
man
called
himself
David
Marsh
is
asking
to
see
you.
7.Yesterday
I
called
at
you
and
asked
if
I
could
borrow
some
jewellery.
8.I
can
thank
you
too
much
for
all
your
help
to
my
son
while
he
was
away
from
home.
9.But
if
I
am
friendly
and
carefully
enough,
how
will
these
things
happen?
10.One
day,
a
boy
whom
is
one
of
her
neighbors
injured
his
leg
for
carelessly.
11.There
was
lots
of
excitement
and
cheer
during
the
whole
process.
12.The
manager
in
the
charge
of
our
team
was
shocked
by
our
victory.
13.American
scientists
say
they
believe
that
trees
can
warn
each
other
of
danger.
They
do
it
by
sending
out
chemical
into
the
air.
14.The
main
subjects
I
studied
at
school
including
Chinese,
maths,
English,
physics,
chemical
and
computer.
15.The
weather
here
in
summer
is
so
changing.
Please
take
an
umbrella
when
you
go
out.
16.As
for
finding
a
part-time
job,
it
is
not
necessary,
for
you
can
have
more
chance
to
take
a
job.
17.No
matter
how
challenged
my
dream
is,
I’ll
make
it
come
true.
18.He
announced
with
the
certainty
that
polluted
water
carried
the
virus.
19.I
was
so
encouraged
that
I
ran
faster
and
faster?till
I
caught
up
all
the
other
runners.
20.People’s
chatting
each
other
is
something
that
bothers
her
most
when
she
is
seeing
a
film.
提升练(对接高考)
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Frederick
the
Great,
King
of
Prussia,
was
seated
in
his
room
when
a
petition(请愿书)was
brought
to
him.
The
King
had
just
returned
from
hunting,
and
the
glare
of
the
sun,
or
some
other
1
,
had
so
dazzled(使……目眩)his
eyes
that
he
found
it
difficult
to
2
a
single
word
of
the
writing.
So
he
called
the
servant
boy.
The
poor
boy
3
a
poor
reader,
huddling(挤在一起)several
words
together
4
they
were
syllables
of
one
long
word,
which
he
must
get
through
with
as
speedily
as
possible.
“Stop!
Send
me
that
little
girl
sitting
there
by
the
fountain.”
The
girl
5
pointed
out
by
the
King
was
the
daughter
of
a
royal
6
,
who
had
come
to
help
her
father
weed
the
flower
beds.
She
was
somewhat
7
but
took
courage
when
the
King
told
her
that
he
only
wanted
her
to
8
for
him,
as
his
eyes
were
weak.
Ernestine,
the
little
girl,
was
9
of
reading,
and
often
many
of
the
neighbors
would
10
at
her
father’s
house
to
hear
her.
Those
who
could
not
read
themselves
would
come
with
their
letters
from
friends
or
children,
so
she
formed
the
11
of
reading
various
sorts
of
handwriting
promptly
and
well.
The
King
gave
her
the
petition,
and
she
rapidly
12
the
opening
lines
to
get
some
13
of
what
it
was
about.
It
was
from
a
poor
widow,
whose
only
son
had
been
14
into
the
army,
although
his
health
was
delicate.
His
father
had
been
killed
in
battle.
Ernestine
read
the
petition
with
so
much
15
,
and
in
tones
so
pure
and
distinct,
that
when
she
had
finished,
the
King,
into
whose
eyes
16
had
started,
cried
excitedly,
“Oh!
now
I
understand
what
it
is
all
about;
but
I
might
never
have
known
its
17
had
I
trusted
to
that
young
gentleman.
As
for
you,
my
young
lady,”
continued
the
King,
“I
know
you
will
ask
no
better
18
than
the
pleasure
of
carrying
to
this
poor
widow
my
order
for
her
son’s
immediate
discharge.”
How
happy
Ernestine
was!
Because
of
her
good
reading,
the
poor
widow
19
her
son.
Ernestine
also
20
did
the
servant
boy
good
for,
sorry
for
his
bad
reading,
he
began
studying
in
earnest
and
finally
became
a
lawyer.
1.
A.
result
B.
cause
C.
performance
D.
routine
2.
A.
make
out
B.
set
out
C.
polish
up
D.
call
up
3.
A.
turned
B.
grew
C.
became
D.
proved
4.
A.
so
that
B.
in
that
C.
as
if
D.
in
case
5.
A.
otherwise
B.
thus
C.
initially
D.
typically
6.
A.
cook
B.
guard
C.
painter
D.
gardener
7.
A.
alarmed
B.
puzzled
C.
excited
D.
inspired
8.
A.
act
B.
read
C.
calculate
D.
observe
9.
A.
cautious
B.
ashamed
C.
fond
D.
afraid
10.
A.
gather
B.
celebrate
C.
interact
D.
chat
11.
A.
plan
B.
league
C.
habit
D.
basis
12.
A.
went
over
B.
broke
down
C.
sorted
out
D.
glanced
through
13.
A.
truth
B.
idea
C.
description
D.
guidance
14.
A.
attracted
B.
drafted
C.
stationed
D.
transported
15.
A.
feeling
B.
emphasis
C.
dignity
D.
tension
16.
A.
hatred
B.
trust
C.
hopes
D.
tears
17.
A.
format
B.
address
C.
meaning
D.
audience
18.
A.
assistance
B.
bonus
C.
reward
D.
freedom
19.
A.
contacted
B.
regained
C.
defended
D.
relieved
20.
A.
indirectly
B.
deliberately
C.
temporarily
D.
appropriately
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qianlong
Emperor
of
the
Qing
Dynasty
fell
interested
in
the
local
drama
during
his
tour
of
Southern
China.
1
(celebration)his
80th
birthday
in
1790,
he
gathered
opera
troupes(剧团)from
different
areas
around
China
to
perform
for
him
in
Beijing.
2
the
celebration
came
to
an
end,
four
famous
troupes
from
Anhui
Province
3
(ask)to
stay,
for
audiences
were
particularly
satisfied
with
their
great
performances,
4
(color)clothes
and
interesting
facial
makeup.
5
(gradual),
it
replaced
Kunqu
Opera
that
had
been
popular
in
the
palace
and
among
the
upper
ranks
in
Beijing.
Later,
some
troupes
from
Hubei
Province
came
to
Beijing
and
often
performed
together
with
the
Anhui
troupes.
The
two
types
of
singing
combined
on
6
same
stage
and
finally
gave
birth
to
a
new
type
which
was
known
as
Beijing
Opera.
Beijing
Opera
absorbed
various
7
(characteristic)of
its
forerunners,
such
as
singing
and
dancing,
and
adapted
itself
in
language
and
style
of
singing
to
8
for
Beijing
audiences’
tastes.
As
time
goes
by,
its
9
(popular)has
spread
all
over
the
country,
with
it
10
(become)the
most
popular
drama
in
China.
三、短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
One
morning
that
I
was
in
primary
school,
I
tried
cooking
for
first
time.
As
my
parents
weren’t
in,
I
have
to
cook
something
to
eat.
I
took
an
egg
from
the
refrigerator,
putting
some
oil
in
the
pan
and
cracked
an
egg
into
it.
After
a
few
seconds,
I
tried
to
turn
the
egg
over
in
the
case
it
would
get
burnt.
Unexpectedly,
it
catched
fire.
Not
knowing
what
to
do,
I
screamed
but
rushed
out
of
the
kitchen.
After
a
while,
I
realized
I
should
put
down
the
fire,
so
I
returned,
only
to
find
something
but
a
black
burnt
egg.
I’ve
learned
that
I
can’t
be
too
carefully
while
cooking.
