备战2021年高考英语二轮复习之完形填空“典型技巧”高效练
典型技巧05
学会上下求索
【技巧释义】
在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注重前后文的呼应。注意下文或最后的题目要从上文内容中寻求线索，开头的题目从下文中寻求线索，中间的题目从上下文中寻线索。
【真题再现】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 主题语境：环境保护
Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro,
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
They
__1__
with
them
lots
of
waste.
The
__2__
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers
(冰川)
are
disappearing,
changing
the
__3__
of
Kilimanjaro.
Hearing
these
stories,
I'm
__4__
about
the
place—other
destinations
are
described
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.
However,
I
soon
__5__
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
__6__
among
tons
of
rubbish.
I
find
a
__7__
mountain,
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.
The
environmental
challenges
are
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
__9__.
The
best
of
a
Kilimanjaro
__10__，
in
my
opinion,
isn't
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.
It
ends
abruptly
at
3,
000
meters,
__14__
lands
of
low
growing
plants.
Further
up,
the
weather
—low
clouds
envelop
the
mountainsides,
which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.
I
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.
Above
meters
is
the
highland
：
gravel
(砾石),
stones
and
rocks.
you
climb
into
an
arctic?like
zone
with
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.
Does
Kilimanjaro
is
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace?
I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.
1.A.
keep
B.
mix
C.
connect
D.
bring
2.A.
stories
B.
buildings
C.
crowds
D.
reporters
3.A.
position
B.
age
C.
face
D.
name
4.A.
silent
B.
skeptical
C.
serious
D.
crazy
5.A.
discover
B.
argue
C.
decide
D.
advocate
6.A.
equipment
B.
grass
C.
camps
D.
stones
7.A.
remote
B.
quiet
C.
tall
D.
clean
8.A.
new
B.
special
C.
significant
D.
necessary
9.A.
paying
off
B.
spreading
out
C.
blowing
up
D.
fading
away
10.A.
atmosphere
B.
experience
C.
experiment
D.
sight
11.A.
studied
B.
observed
C.
explored
D.
regarded
12.A.
view
B.
quality
C.
reason
D.
purpose
13.A.
scientists
B.
climbers
C.
locals
D.
officials
14.A.
holding
on
to
B.
going
back
to
C.
living
up
to
D.
giving
way
to
15.A.
changes
B.
clears
C.
improves
D.
permits
16.A.
match
B.
imagine
C.
count
D.
add
17.A.
village
B.
desert
C.
road
D.
lake
18.A.
Obviously
B.
Easily
C.
Consequently
D.
Finally
19.A.
permanent
B.
little
C.
fresh
D.
artificial
20.A.
enjoy
B.
deserve
C.
save
D.
acquire
【技巧分析】
?利用首句信息可确定第1、2题答案
?乞力马扎罗山在他人口中的样子：垃圾成堆严重污染(第1～2段)
?上下求索，瞻前顾后
需瞻前：第3、8、9题
需顾后：第4、5、7、10题
?叙述自己眼中的乞力马扎罗山和听到的关于乞力马扎罗山的不同的情况(第3段)
?介绍乞力马扎罗山植被的分布情况(第4段)
【语篇解读】
本文是记叙文。全文讲述了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山过去与现在的情况。每年，约有4万人登这座非洲最高峰，他们带来了垃圾，人们的蜂拥而至也带来了环境问题。但是现在，由于坦桑尼亚政府的治理，情况已经出现了改观。
好词 ①artificial
adj.
人造的；
adj.
精神的；心灵的；
vt.
包住；笼罩
熟词生义：significant
adj.
相当大的
1.D 根据设空处后的“with
them
lots
of
waste”和常识可知，此处指登山者带来了大量的垃圾。bring
“带来”，符合语境。keep
“保持”；mix
“混合”；connect
“连接；联系”。
2.C 瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“Every
year
about
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山；再根据设空后的“damage
the
beauty
of
the
place”可知，这里指的是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd
“人群”，符合语境。story
“故事”；building
“建筑”；
reporter
“记者”。
3.C 上文叙述人群可能会破坏这个地方的美，冰川也正在消失。由此可推断，这一切正改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face
“面貌”，符合语境。position
“位置”；age
“年龄；年代”；name
“名字”。
4.B 由后面加引号的purer可知，其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者听到这些故事后，对这个地方持怀疑态度，导致作者去进行实地考察。skeptical
“持怀疑态度的”，符合语境。silent
“沉默的”；
serious
“严肃的”；
crazy
“疯狂的”。
5.A 根据下一句中的find和第三、四段的描述可知，很快作者就发现，自从那些关于营地为成吨垃圾所围绕的令人不安的报道发布以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。discover
“发现”，符合语境。argue
“争辩”；
decide
“决定”；advocate
“主张”。
6.C 瞻前顾后解题。根据下文中的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”可知，此处指营地被成吨的垃圾所围绕。camp
“营地”，符合语境。equipment
“设备”；
grass
“草”；
stone
“石头”。
7.D 上文提及环境情况已经发生很大变化，再根据设空后的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”可知，此处指作者发现了一座干净的山，营地和小路边上都有厕所。clean
“干净的”，符合语境。remote
“偏远的”；quiet
“宁静的”；tall
“高的”。
8.C 根据上文描述的有关乞力马扎罗山的两种情况以及设空处后的but可知，此处指环境挑战虽然是重大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎得到了回报。significant
“影响深远的；重大的”，符合语境。new
“新的”；
special
“特别的”；
necessary
“必要的”。
9.A 瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”和上文中描述的乞力马扎罗山环境情况有所改观可知，此处指坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎奏效了。pay
off
“取得成功；奏效”，符合语境。spread
out
“散开；展开；延伸”；
blow
up
“炸毁；给某物充气”；
fade
away
“逐渐消失”。
10.B 根据设空后的“isn't
reaching
the
top”可知，设空处指的是登山的最好体验。experience
“体验；经历”，符合语境。atmosphere
“气氛；大气层”；
experiment
“实验”；
sight
“风景；景象”。
错解分析 本题考生易误选D项。考生易根据下文提到的“go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers”而误以为乞力马扎罗山最好的风景不是在山顶。此处，考生应该注意reaching
the
top所表达的意思是“到达山顶”，而不是“(在)山顶”。因此，本句的正确意思是“在我看来，在乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达山顶”。
11.D 根据语境及常识可知，许多文化都认为山是精神领地。be
regarded
as为固定搭配，“被视为；被看成是”，符合语境。study
“研究；学习”；
observe
“观察；遵守”；
explore
“探索”。
12.A 上文中的“Mountains
are
________
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.”为人们对山的一种观点，设空处前的This指代上文中提及的观点，此处表示这种观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤为明显，因为登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。view
“观点”，符合语境。quality
“质量；品质”；
reason
“原因”；
purpose
“目的”。
13.B 根据第一段第一句中的“Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro”和本段中的“isn't
reaching
the
top”可知，此处指登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。climber
“登山者”，符合语境。scientist
“科学家”；
local
“当地居民”；
official
“官员”。
14.D 此处介绍乞力马扎罗山的植被分布状况：山脚是一片热带雨林，雨林在米处突然消失，变成了生长着低矮植物的土地，再往上是厚草地。give
way
to
“被……取代”，符合语境。hold
on
to
“坚持；紧紧抓住”；
go
back
to
“追溯到；回到”；
live
up
to
“不辜负；符合”。
15.A 设空处后的“low
clouds
envelop
the
mountainsides”是对天气状况的解释说明，由此可知，此处指再往上走，天气就变了——低低的云层笼罩着山坡。change
“变化”，符合语境。clear
“转晴；放晴”；
improve
“提高；改善”；
permit
“允许”。
16.C 根据设空后的“twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand”可知，此处指作者从自己站的地方数了数有十二种不同的绿色色度的植被。count
“计数”，符合语境。match
“(与……)相配”；
imagine
“想象”；
add
“增添”。
17.B 根据设空后的“gravel,
stones
and
rocks”可知，海拔4
000米以上是高原沙漠，有砾石、石子和岩块。desert
“沙漠”，符合语境。village
“村庄”；
road
“马路”；
lake
“湖”。
18.D 前文提到登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统，此处表示，最后，你会爬到一个像北极一样的地带，那里有永久积雪和可能很快就会消失的冰川。finally
“最终”，符合语境。obviously
“明显地”；
easily
“容易地”；
consequently
“因此；结果”。
19.A 根据设空前的“arctic?like
zone”可知，此处是指像北极一样的地带，故这里应有永久积雪。permanent
“永久的”，符合语境。little
“小的；少的”；
fresh
“新鲜的”；
artificial
“人造的”。
20.B 综观全文并根据本文最后一句“I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.”可知，此处作者先是发问：乞力马扎罗山真的因为人山人海和游客络绎不绝而破坏了安宁的环境吗？即发问乞力马扎罗山是否应受到这样的评价，随后又回答说事实正好相反。deserve
one's
reputation
“应该得到……的名声”，为固定搭配，符合语境。enjoy
“享有”；
save
“节约；挽救”；
acquire
“获得”。
【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）
1（2020·重庆高三三模）
Most
brides
are
angry
when
they
are
outshone(使逊色)
at
their
own
wedding.
For
Brenna
Klemen,
however,
she
would
not
have
it
any
other
way.
When
Brenna
married
Brock
Kendall
back
in
April,
she
knew
she
1
her
83-year-old
grandmother
to
play
a
2
role
in
the
wedding.
While
at
work
as
an
ICU
nurse,
Brenna
talked
to
a
patient
who
3
her
to
give
her
grandmother
a
very
unusual
role
at
her
wedding.
“I
was
4
a
very
sick
elderly
woman
who
told
me
a
5
of
how
she
was
a
flower
girl
for
her
grandchild,”
Brenna
explained.
Brenna
certainly
6
the
idea
for
her
own
wedding
day,
and
her
grandmother,
who
prefers
to
be
unnamed,
was
all
for
it
as
well!
“Grandma
was
very
7
,”
Brenna
said.
“She
was
almost
in
tears
because
she
wanted
to
make
sure
she
did
OK
on
my
special
day.”
On
the
actual
wedding
day,
Grandma
did
more
than
just
OK,
as
she
8
stole
the
show!
All
9
was
on
her
as
she
walked
down
the
aisle
(过道),
and
the
10
moment
was
captured
(拍摄)
by
wedding
11
Thomas
Felts
in
images
that
have
since
12
rapidly.
“Every
time
she
threw
more
petals
(花瓣)
in
the
air,
our
family
cheered
loudly
and
happily,”
Brenna
said,
adding
that
all
of
her
wedding
guests
13
.
This
was
a
wedding
that
14
nobody
in
attendance
will
ever
15
!
While
everyone
loved
the
moment,
nobody
was
16
than
Brenna’s
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer,
“That'
s
my
flower
girl.”
The
photos
have
17
the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe.
“I
have
18
that
life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives.
As
my
grandmother
would
say
‘
19
is
a
choice,’”
Brenna
said.
She
is
my
inspiration,
and
I
hope
that
she
can
inspire
you
too.
We’re
so
glad
to
see
that
Brenna
got
the
wedding
of
her
dreams,
with
a
little
20
from
her
grandma!
1.A.employed
B.wanted
C.forced
D.directed
2.A.balanced
B.protective
C.similar
D.major
3.A.promised
B.encouraged
C.invited
D.allowed
4.A.competing
with
B.believing
in
C.looking
after
D.operating
on
5.A.story
B.theory
C.test
D.survey
6.A.understood
B.loved
C.abandoned
D.explored
7.A.disappointed
B.confused
C.honest
D.emotional
8.A.completely
B.secretly
C.carefully
D.formally
9.A.pressure
B.influence
C.luck
D.attention
10.A.decisive
B.magical
C.sweet
D.final
11.A.planner
B.guest
C.photographer
D.singer
12.A.spread
B.shaped
C.changed
D.appeared
13.A.sighed
B.laughed
C.waited
D.interrupted
14.A.commonly
B.fortunately
C.immediately
D.absolutely
15.A.accept
B.realize
C.forget
D.stop
16.A.prouder
B.kinder
C.politer
D.calmer
17.A.united
B.touched
C.broken
D.weakened
18.A.supposed
B.warned
C.proven
D.learned
19.A.Forgiveness
B.Success
C.Happiness
D.Popularity
20.A.guidance
B.help
C.benefit
D.respect
2（2019·山东聊城·高考模拟）
I
feel
that
I
was
blessed
by
an
Angel
not
long
ago.
I
was
out
in
town
with
my
husband.
We
live
in
a
21
town.
Because
of
the
cold，my
22
shrunk，causing
my
anniversary
ring
to
23
.
I
didn’t
notice
this
until
we
got
home.
I
became
24
ill
ached
all
over.
I
thought
my
husband
was
going
to
have
a
heart
attack.
Although
it
is
a
material
item,
it
is
yet
very
25
.
He
went
out
and
retraced
our
26
to
where
we
came
back.I
called
the
stores
we
were
in
and
no
one
27
it
in.
I
thought
it
was
28
for
sure.
Well，at
around
midnight
last
night，our
dogs
went
mad.
We
have
a
sunroom
29
to
our
home.The
door
to
that
is
usually
30
.
But
that
night,
we
left
it
unlocked.My
all-terrain
motor
scooter(小型摩托车)was
31
out
there.In
its
basket
was
a
ring
box…holding
my
ring!
Along
with
the
ring
was
a
diamond
circle.
There
was
also
a
32
that
told
the
story
of
this
stranger
33
the
ring
and
recognizing
the
work,
as
it
is
a
piece
made
particularly.
The
person
then
went
to
the
jeweler
and
34
about
finding
the
ring.
The
jeweler
is
a
friend
of
mine
so
she
gave
her
my
35
and
the
town
is
so
small，we
are
36
to
find.The
stranger
who
found
the
ring
37
the
ribbon(丝线)in
the
store
in
order
to
keep
the
ring
around
the
finger
when
it
is
38
out.
And
then
also
left
a
gift
card
for
us
to
take
our
family
out
to
the
movies
as
a
Christmas
gift.
The
note
was
39
“Santa’s
Elf(小精灵)”.
My
friend
is
keeping
her
lips
40
about
whom
it
was.
21.A.modern
B.small
C.big
D.developed
22.A.ring
B.hand
C.brain
D.finger
23.A.fall
off
B.1eave
behind
C.break
down
D.go
away
24.A.firmly
B.formally
C.identically
D.physically
25.A.valuable
B.challenging
C.memorable
D.beneficial
26.A.footprints
B.steps
C.streets
D.directions
27.A.took
B.pressed
C.turned
D.counted
28.A.gone
B.stolen
C.changed
D.transformed
29.A.adapted
B.attached
C.exposed
D.held
30.A.open
B.abandoned
C.closed
D.locked
31.A.made
B.parked
C.repaired
D.destroyed
32.A.slogan
B.advertisement
C.note
D.announcement
33.A.handling
B.exploring
C.finding
D.chasing
34.A.explained
B.complained
C.wondered
D.argued
35.A.phone
number
B.photo
C.mailbox
D.name
36.A.difficult
B.easy
C.incredible
D.complex
37.A.purchased
B.tore
C.sold
D.borrowed
38.A.warm
B.rainy
C.foggy
D.cold
39.A.called
B.written
C.signed
D.noticed
40.A.tight
B.painted
C.secret
D.clear
3（2019·江西南昌十中高三期中）
We’ve
all
seen
ambulances
come
speeding
down
the
road,
prepared
to
help
when
disaster
41
.
But
sometimes
even
an
ambulance
can’t
42
fast
enough
to
save
someone’s
life.
In
43
like
that,
Eli
Beer
hopes
to
save
the
day.
Beer
is
the
founder
of
United
Hatzalah,
a
volunteer-run
organization
in
Israel,
44
to
saving
lives.
Every
year
many
people
die
waiting
for
an
ambulance
to
arrive
because
the
ambulance
got
45
in
traffic
or
was
simply
too
far
away.
Trying
to
solve
this
problem
by
using
motorcycles,
Beer
46
a
team
of
volunteers
from
all
47
and
stages
of
life
and
trained
them
to
respond
to
emergencies.
He
then
gave
each
of
them
a
motorcycle
equipped
with
medical
48
.
Then
the
volunteer
went
49
to
their
daily
lives.
United
Hatzalah
has
a
call
center
staffed
50
by
volunteers.
When
someone
calls
to
tell
them
of
an
emergency,
they
answer
it
in
three
51
or
less.
Then
Beer’s
technology
calculates
which
volunteer
is
closest
to
the
52
.
As
soon
as
that
volunteer
is
notified,
he
or
she
53
everything
and
rushes
over.
When
a
volunteer
arrives,
he
or
she
54
CPR(心肺复苏)
if
necessary,
and
uses
the
medical
equipment
in
the
motorcycle
to
help
the
55
.
The
goal
is
56
:
Keep
the
patient
alive
until
the
regular
ambulance
arrives.
According
to
Beer,
an
ambulance’s
average
response
time
is
12
to
15
minutes,
while
United
Hatzalah
volunteers
57
in
three.
United
Hatzalah’s
medical
care
is
58
for
patients
because
it’s
run
mostly
by
volunteers,
and
donations
cover
the
59
of
supplies
and
staff.
It
clearly
shows
the
60
of
individuals
willing
to
use
their
abilities
to
help
others.
41.A.blows
B.strikes
C.beats
D.kicks
42.A.send
B.reach
C.leave
D.arrive
43.A.thoughts
B.situations
C.movements
D.dilemmas
44.A.introduced
B.offered
C.dedicated
D.connected
45.A.lost
B.crashed
C.hit
D.stuck
46.A.joined
B.worked
C.employed
D.gathered
47.A.professions
B.structures
C.levels
D.titles
48.A.records
B.demands
C.orders
D.supplies
49.A.alone
B.back
C.off
D.down
50.A.entirely
B.secretly
C.probably
D.finally
51.A.days
B.hours
C.minutes
D.seconds
52.A.stage
B.scene
C.sight
D.show
53.A.drops
B.reserves
C.finishes
D.stores
54.A.carries
B.suggests
C.performs
D.treats
55.A.tired
B.attacked
C.injured
D.endangered
56.A.easy
B.achievable
C.simple
D.unique
57.A.come
up
B.end
up
C.show
up
D.stay
up
58.A.enough
B.ready
C.priceless
D.free
59.A.reward
B.cost
C.salary
D.income
60.A.power
B.example
C.courage
D.energy备战2021年高考英语二轮复习之完形填空“典型技巧”高效练
典型技巧05
学会上下求索
【技巧释义】
在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注重前后文的呼应。注意下文或最后的题目要从上文内容中寻求线索，开头的题目从下文中寻求线索，中间的题目从上下文中寻线索。
【真题再现】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 主题语境：环境保护
Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro,
the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
They
__1__
with
them
lots
of
waste.
The
__2__
might
damage
the
beauty
of
the
place.
The
glaciers
(冰川)
are
disappearing,
changing
the
__3__
of
Kilimanjaro.
Hearing
these
stories,
I'm
__4__
about
the
place—other
destinations
are
described
as
“purer”
natural
experiences.
However,
I
soon
__5__
that
much
has
changed
since
the
days
of
disturbing
reports
of
__6__
among
tons
of
rubbish.
I
find
a
__7__
mountain,
with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths.
The
environmental
challenges
are
but
the
efforts
made
by
the
Tanzania
National
Park
Authority
seem
to
be
__9__.
The
best
of
a
Kilimanjaro
__10__，
in
my
opinion,
isn't
reaching
the
top.
Mountains
are
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.
This
is
especially
evident
on
Kilimanjaro
as
go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers.
At
the
base
is
a
rainforest.
It
ends
abruptly
at
3,
000
meters,
__14__
lands
of
low
growing
plants.
Further
up,
the
weather
—low
clouds
envelop
the
mountainsides,
which
are
covered
with
thick
grass.
I
twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand.
Above
meters
is
the
highland
：
gravel
(砾石),
stones
and
rocks.
you
climb
into
an
arctic?like
zone
with
snow
and
the
glaciers
that
may
soon
disappear.
Does
Kilimanjaro
is
reputation
as
a
crowded
mountain
with
lines
of
tourists
ruining
the
atmosphere
of
peace?
I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.
1.A.
keep
B.
mix
C.
connect
D.
bring
2.A.
stories
B.
buildings
C.
crowds
D.
reporters
3.A.
position
B.
age
C.
face
D.
name
4.A.
silent
B.
skeptical
C.
serious
D.
crazy
5.A.
discover
B.
argue
C.
decide
D.
advocate
6.A.
equipment
B.
grass
C.
camps
D.
stones
7.A.
remote
B.
quiet
C.
tall
D.
clean
8.A.
new
B.
special
C.
significant
D.
necessary
9.A.
paying
off
B.
spreading
out
C.
blowing
up
D.
fading
away
10.A.
atmosphere
B.
experience
C.
experiment
D.
sight
11.A.
studied
B.
observed
C.
explored
D.
regarded
12.A.
view
B.
quality
C.
reason
D.
purpose
13.A.
scientists
B.
climbers
C.
locals
D.
officials
14.A.
holding
on
to
B.
going
back
to
C.
living
up
to
D.
giving
way
to
15.A.
changes
B.
clears
C.
improves
D.
permits
16.A.
match
B.
imagine
C.
count
D.
add
17.A.
village
B.
desert
C.
road
D.
lake
18.A.
Obviously
B.
Easily
C.
Consequently
D.
Finally
19.A.
permanent
B.
little
C.
fresh
D.
artificial
20.A.
enjoy
B.
deserve
C.
save
D.
acquire
【技巧分析】
?利用首句信息可确定第1、2题答案
?乞力马扎罗山在他人口中的样子：垃圾成堆严重污染(第1～2段)
?上下求索，瞻前顾后
需瞻前：第3、8、9题
需顾后：第4、5、7、10题
?叙述自己眼中的乞力马扎罗山和听到的关于乞力马扎罗山的不同的情况(第3段)
?介绍乞力马扎罗山植被的分布情况(第4段)
【语篇解读】
本文是记叙文。全文讲述了非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山过去与现在的情况。每年，约有4万人登这座非洲最高峰，他们带来了垃圾，人们的蜂拥而至也带来了环境问题。但是现在，由于坦桑尼亚政府的治理，情况已经出现了改观。
好词 ①artificial
adj.
人造的；
adj.
精神的；心灵的；
vt.
包住；笼罩
熟词生义：significant
adj.
相当大的
1.D 根据设空处后的“with
them
lots
of
waste”和常识可知，此处指登山者带来了大量的垃圾。bring
“带来”，符合语境。keep
“保持”；mix
“混合”；connect
“连接；联系”。
2.C 瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“Every
year
about
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山；再根据设空后的“damage
the
beauty
of
the
place”可知，这里指的是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd
“人群”，符合语境。story
“故事”；building
“建筑”；
reporter
“记者”。
3.C 上文叙述人群可能会破坏这个地方的美，冰川也正在消失。由此可推断，这一切正改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。face
“面貌”，符合语境。position
“位置”；age
“年龄；年代”；name
“名字”。
4.B 由后面加引号的purer可知，其他的目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验，所以作者听到这些故事后，对这个地方持怀疑态度，导致作者去进行实地考察。skeptical
“持怀疑态度的”，符合语境。silent
“沉默的”；
serious
“严肃的”；
crazy
“疯狂的”。
5.A 根据下一句中的find和第三、四段的描述可知，很快作者就发现，自从那些关于营地为成吨垃圾所围绕的令人不安的报道发布以来，情况已经发生了很大的变化。discover
“发现”，符合语境。argue
“争辩”；
decide
“决定”；advocate
“主张”。
6.C 瞻前顾后解题。根据下文中的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”可知，此处指营地被成吨的垃圾所围绕。camp
“营地”，符合语境。equipment
“设备”；
grass
“草”；
stone
“石头”。
7.D 上文提及环境情况已经发生很大变化，再根据设空后的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”可知，此处指作者发现了一座干净的山，营地和小路边上都有厕所。clean
“干净的”，符合语境。remote
“偏远的”；quiet
“宁静的”；tall
“高的”。
8.C 根据上文描述的有关乞力马扎罗山的两种情况以及设空处后的but可知，此处指环境挑战虽然是重大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎得到了回报。significant
“影响深远的；重大的”，符合语境。new
“新的”；
special
“特别的”；
necessary
“必要的”。
9.A 瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“with
toilets
at
camps
and
along
the
paths”和上文中描述的乞力马扎罗山环境情况有所改观可知，此处指坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局做出的努力似乎奏效了。pay
off
“取得成功；奏效”，符合语境。spread
out
“散开；展开；延伸”；
blow
up
“炸毁；给某物充气”；
fade
away
“逐渐消失”。
10.B 根据设空后的“isn't
reaching
the
top”可知，设空处指的是登山的最好体验。experience
“体验；经历”，符合语境。atmosphere
“气氛；大气层”；
experiment
“实验”；
sight
“风景；景象”。
错解分析 本题考生易误选D项。考生易根据下文提到的“go
through
five
ecosystems
(生态系统)
in
the
space
of
a
few
kilometers”而误以为乞力马扎罗山最好的风景不是在山顶。此处，考生应该注意reaching
the
top所表达的意思是“到达山顶”，而不是“(在)山顶”。因此，本句的正确意思是“在我看来，在乞力马扎罗山最棒的经历并不是到达山顶”。
11.D 根据语境及常识可知，许多文化都认为山是精神领地。be
regarded
as为固定搭配，“被视为；被看成是”，符合语境。study
“研究；学习”；
observe
“观察；遵守”；
explore
“探索”。
12.A 上文中的“Mountains
are
________
as
spiritual
places
by
many
cultures.”为人们对山的一种观点，设空处前的This指代上文中提及的观点，此处表示这种观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得尤为明显，因为登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。view
“观点”，符合语境。quality
“质量；品质”；
reason
“原因”；
purpose
“目的”。
13.B 根据第一段第一句中的“Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt
to
climb
Kilimanjaro”和本段中的“isn't
reaching
the
top”可知，此处指登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统。climber
“登山者”，符合语境。scientist
“科学家”；
local
“当地居民”；
official
“官员”。
14.D 此处介绍乞力马扎罗山的植被分布状况：山脚是一片热带雨林，雨林在米处突然消失，变成了生长着低矮植物的土地，再往上是厚草地。give
way
to
“被……取代”，符合语境。hold
on
to
“坚持；紧紧抓住”；
go
back
to
“追溯到；回到”；
live
up
to
“不辜负；符合”。
15.A 设空处后的“low
clouds
envelop
the
mountainsides”是对天气状况的解释说明，由此可知，此处指再往上走，天气就变了——低低的云层笼罩着山坡。change
“变化”，符合语境。clear
“转晴；放晴”；
improve
“提高；改善”；
permit
“允许”。
16.C 根据设空后的“twelve
shades
of
green
from
where
I
stand”可知，此处指作者从自己站的地方数了数有十二种不同的绿色色度的植被。count
“计数”，符合语境。match
“(与……)相配”；
imagine
“想象”；
add
“增添”。
17.B 根据设空后的“gravel,
stones
and
rocks”可知，海拔4
000米以上是高原沙漠，有砾石、石子和岩块。desert
“沙漠”，符合语境。village
“村庄”；
road
“马路”；
lake
“湖”。
18.D 前文提到登山者要在几千米的空间内穿过五个生态系统，此处表示，最后，你会爬到一个像北极一样的地带，那里有永久积雪和可能很快就会消失的冰川。finally
“最终”，符合语境。obviously
“明显地”；
easily
“容易地”；
consequently
“因此；结果”。
19.A 根据设空前的“arctic?like
zone”可知，此处是指像北极一样的地带，故这里应有永久积雪。permanent
“永久的”，符合语境。little
“小的；少的”；
fresh
“新鲜的”；
artificial
“人造的”。
20.B 综观全文并根据本文最后一句“I
found
the
opposite
to
be
true.”可知，此处作者先是发问：乞力马扎罗山真的因为人山人海和游客络绎不绝而破坏了安宁的环境吗？即发问乞力马扎罗山是否应受到这样的评价，随后又回答说事实正好相反。deserve
one's
reputation
“应该得到……的名声”，为固定搭配，符合语境。enjoy
“享有”；
save
“节约；挽救”；
acquire
“获得”。
【技巧演练】（建议用时：45分钟）
1（2020·重庆高三三模）
Most
brides
are
angry
when
they
are
outshone(使逊色)
at
their
own
wedding.
For
Brenna
Klemen,
however,
she
would
not
have
it
any
other
way.
When
Brenna
married
Brock
Kendall
back
in
April,
she
knew
she
1
her
83-year-old
grandmother
to
play
a
2
role
in
the
wedding.
While
at
work
as
an
ICU
nurse,
Brenna
talked
to
a
patient
who
3
her
to
give
her
grandmother
a
very
unusual
role
at
her
wedding.
“I
was
4
a
very
sick
elderly
woman
who
told
me
a
5
of
how
she
was
a
flower
girl
for
her
grandchild,”
Brenna
explained.
Brenna
certainly
6
the
idea
for
her
own
wedding
day,
and
her
grandmother,
who
prefers
to
be
unnamed,
was
all
for
it
as
well!
“Grandma
was
very
7
,”
Brenna
said.
“She
was
almost
in
tears
because
she
wanted
to
make
sure
she
did
OK
on
my
special
day.”
On
the
actual
wedding
day,
Grandma
did
more
than
just
OK,
as
she
8
stole
the
show!
All
9
was
on
her
as
she
walked
down
the
aisle
(过道),
and
the
10
moment
was
captured
(拍摄)
by
wedding
11
Thomas
Felts
in
images
that
have
since
12
rapidly.
“Every
time
she
threw
more
petals
(花瓣)
in
the
air,
our
family
cheered
loudly
and
happily,”
Brenna
said,
adding
that
all
of
her
wedding
guests
13
.
This
was
a
wedding
that
14
nobody
in
attendance
will
ever
15
!
While
everyone
loved
the
moment,
nobody
was
16
than
Brenna’s
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer,
“That'
s
my
flower
girl.”
The
photos
have
17
the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe.
“I
have
18
that
life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives.
As
my
grandmother
would
say
‘
19
is
a
choice,’”
Brenna
said.
She
is
my
inspiration,
and
I
hope
that
she
can
inspire
you
too.
We’re
so
glad
to
see
that
Brenna
got
the
wedding
of
her
dreams,
with
a
little
20
from
her
grandma!
1.A.employed
B.wanted
C.forced
D.directed
2.A.balanced
B.protective
C.similar
D.major
3.A.promised
B.encouraged
C.invited
D.allowed
4.A.competing
with
B.believing
in
C.looking
after
D.operating
on
5.A.story
B.theory
C.test
D.survey
6.A.understood
B.loved
C.abandoned
D.explored
7.A.disappointed
B.confused
C.honest
D.emotional
8.A.completely
B.secretly
C.carefully
D.formally
9.A.pressure
B.influence
C.luck
D.attention
10.A.decisive
B.magical
C.sweet
D.final
11.A.planner
B.guest
C.photographer
D.singer
12.A.spread
B.shaped
C.changed
D.appeared
13.A.sighed
B.laughed
C.waited
D.interrupted
14.A.commonly
B.fortunately
C.immediately
D.absolutely
15.A.accept
B.realize
C.forget
D.stop
16.A.prouder
B.kinder
C.politer
D.calmer
17.A.united
B.touched
C.broken
D.weakened
18.A.supposed
B.warned
C.proven
D.learned
19.A.Forgiveness
B.Success
C.Happiness
D.Popularity
20.A.guidance
B.help
C.benefit
D.respect
【答案】1.B
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.A
6.B
7.D
8.A
9.D
10.C
11.C
12.A
13.B
14.D
15.C
16.A
17.B
18.D
19.C
20.B
【分析】
本文是记叙文。记叙了一位奶奶为孙女当花童，在孙女的婚礼上大出风头，但同时也为孙女和参加婚礼的亲朋好友们留下了快乐的回忆。
1.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年4月，当Brenna与Brock
Kendall结婚时，她知道自己想要83岁的奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。A.
employed雇佣；B.
wanted想要；C.
forced迫使；D.
directed指导。根据下文中对Brenna让奶奶当自己的花童及奶奶在她的婚礼上大出风头的描述可知，Brenna“想（wanted）”让她83岁的奶奶在自己的婚礼上扮演一个重要的角色。故选B。
2.
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今年4月，当Brenna与Brock
Kendall结婚时，她知道自己想要83岁的奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。A.
balanced平衡的；B.
protective保护的；C.
similar相似的；D.
major重要的，主要的。结合后文奶奶在婚礼上抢了两位新人的风头，可知奶奶在婚礼上扮演重要角色。故选D。
3.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名ICU护士，Brenna曾与一位病人交谈，这位病人鼓励她在自己的婚礼上给祖母一个不同寻常的角色。A.
promised承诺；B.
encouraged鼓励；C.
invited邀请；D.
allowed允许。结合后文her
to
give
her
grandmother
a
very
unusual
role
at
her
wedding.可知这位病人鼓励Brenna在自己的婚礼上给祖母一个不同寻常的角色。故选B。
4.
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我当时在照顾一位病重的老妇人，她给我讲了一个她如何为孙子当花童的故事”，Brenna解释说。A.
competing
with与……竞争；B.
believing
in相信；C.
looking
after照顾；D.
operating
on对……起作用。结合后文a
very
sick
elderly
woman可知Brenna在照顾这位病重的老妇人。故选C。
5.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我当时在照顾一位病重的老妇人，她给我讲了一个她如何为孙子当花童的故事”，Brenna解释说。A.
story故事；B.
theory理论；C.
test测试；D.
survey调查。结合后文of
how
she
was
a
flower
girl
for
her
grandchild可知这位病重的老妇人给Brenna讲了自己为孙子当花童的故事（story）。故选A。
6.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brenna当然很喜欢这个婚礼的想法，她的不愿透露姓名的祖母也非常赞成！A.
understood理解；B.
loved喜欢，爱；C.
abandoned抛弃；D.
explored开发。根据下文中对Brenna的奶奶在她的婚礼上当花童的描述可知，Brenna确实很“喜欢（loved）”这个主意。故选B。
7.
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“奶奶非常感性，”布伦娜说。A.
disappointed失望的；B.
confused困惑的；C.
honest诚实的；D.
emotional感性的。根据空后的She
was
almost
in
tears
because
she
wanted
to
make
sure
she
did
OK
on
my
special
day可知Brenna的奶奶是个很感性（emotional）的人。故选D。
8.
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在真正的婚礼当天，奶奶不仅仅表现得很好，她完全抢了风头！A.
completely完全地；B.
secretly秘密地；C.
carefully小心地；D.
formally正式地。根据本段中的On
the
actual
wedding
day,
Grandma
did
more
than
just
OK及stole
the
show可知在婚礼当天Brenna的奶奶不仅做得很好，而且“完全（completely）”抢了新人的风头。故选A。
9.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她走过过道时，所有的注意力都集中在她身上，婚礼摄影师Thomas
Felts抓拍到了这一温馨的时刻，这些照片迅速传播开来。A.
pressure压力；B.
influence影响；C.
luck运气；D.
attention注意力。根据上文中stole
the
show可知在婚礼当天Brenna的奶奶完全抢了新人的风头。当她走过过道时，所有人的“注意力（attention）”都在她的身上。故选D。
10.
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她走过过道时，所有的注意力都集中在她身上，婚礼摄影师Thomas
Felts抓拍到了这一温馨的时刻，这些照片迅速传播开来。A.
decisive决定性的；B.
magical神奇的；C.
sweet甜的，温馨的；D.
final最后的。根据下文中对参加婚礼的人们都很开心的描述可知，这一“温馨的（sweet）”时刻被婚礼摄影师拍摄了下来。故选C。
11.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她走过过道时，所有的注意力都集中在她身上，婚礼摄影师Thomas
Felts抓拍到了这一温馨的时刻，这些照片迅速传播开来。A.
planner计划者；B.
guest客人；C.
photographer摄影师；D.
singer歌手。根据本段中的was
captured
by
wedding
...及第八段中的Brenna’s
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer可知这一幕被婚礼摄影师（photographer）Thomas
Felts拍了下来。故选C。
12.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走过过道时，所有的注意力都集中在她身上，婚礼摄影师Thomas
Felts抓拍到了这一温馨的时刻，这些照片迅速传播开来。A.
spread传播；B.
shaped塑造；C.
changed改变；D.
appeared出现。第九段中的The
photos
...
the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe可知这张照片很快就被“传播（spread）”开来。故选A。
13.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Brenna说:“每次她向空中抛下更多的花瓣，我们全家就会大声开心地欢呼起来。”她还说，所有参加婚礼的客人都笑了。A.
sighed叹息；B.
laughed笑；C.
waited等待；D.
interrupted打断。根据本段中的Every
time
she
threw
more
petals
in
the
air,
our
family
cheered
loudly
and
happily
及第八段中的everyone
loved
the
moment可知每当Brenna的奶奶扔出更多的花瓣时，家里人都会开心地高声欢呼，而且参加婚礼的客人们也都开心地“笑着（laughed）”。故选B。
14.
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一个绝对没有人会忘记的婚礼！A.
commonly通常地；B.
fortunately幸运地；C.
immediately立即；D.
absolutely绝对地。根据上文中对婚礼当天快乐气氛的描述可知，这绝对（absolutely）是一场令人难忘的婚礼。故选D。
15.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个绝对没有人会忘记的婚礼！A.
accept接受；B.
realize意识到；C.
forget忘记；D.
stop停止。婚礼很特别，大家也都很快乐，因此绝对没有人会忘记（forget）的。故选C。
16.
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个人都喜欢这一刻，但没有人比Brenna的祖父更骄傲，他告诉摄影师:“那是我的花童。”A.
prouder更骄傲的；B.
kinder更友好的；C.
politer更有礼貌的；D.
calmer更平静的。根据本段中的Brenna’s
grandfather,
who
told
the
photographer,
“That’s
my
flower
girl.”可知,
Brenna的爷爷比任何人都要“骄傲（prouder）”。故选A。
17.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些照片感动了全世界人民的心。A.
united团结；B.
touched感动；C.
broken打破；D.
weakened削弱。根据第八段中的every
one
loved
the
moment及本段中的the
hearts
of
people
all
over
the
globe可知这张照片“感动了（touched）”全世界人们的心。故选B。
18.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了人生苦短，不要去想消极的事情。A.
supposed认为；B.
warned警告；C.
proven证明；D.
learned明白，学习。根据本段中的life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives及As
my
grandmother
would
say
...
可知作者“明白了（learned）”人生苦短，不要总是沉溺在悲伤中的道理。故选D。
19.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸福是一个选择。A.
Forgiveness原谅；B.
Success成功；C.
Happiness幸福；D.
Popularity流行。承接上文life
is
too
short
for
us
to
think
about
the
negatives可知人生苦短，不要总是沉溺在悲伤中，“快乐（Happiness）”是一种选择。故选C。
20.
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴看到Brenna在她奶奶的帮助下完成了她梦想中的婚礼！A.
guidance指导；B.
help帮助；C.
benefit好处；D.
respect尊重。根据上文中对Brenna的奶奶为她当花童，给Brenna留下美好回忆的描述可知Brenna在奶奶的“帮助（help）”下拥有了一场梦想中的婚礼。故选B。
2（2019·山东聊城·高考模拟）
I
feel
that
I
was
blessed
by
an
Angel
not
long
ago.
I
was
out
in
town
with
my
husband.
We
live
in
a
21
town.
Because
of
the
cold，my
22
shrunk，causing
my
anniversary
ring
to
23
.
I
didn’t
notice
this
until
we
got
home.
I
became
24
ill
ached
all
over.
I
thought
my
husband
was
going
to
have
a
heart
attack.
Although
it
is
a
material
item,
it
is
yet
very
25
.
He
went
out
and
retraced
our
26
to
where
we
came
back.I
called
the
stores
we
were
in
and
no
one
27
it
in.
I
thought
it
was
28
for
sure.
Well，at
around
midnight
last
night，our
dogs
went
mad.
We
have
a
sunroom
29
to
our
home.The
door
to
that
is
usually
30
.
But
that
night,
we
left
it
unlocked.My
all-terrain
motor
scooter(小型摩托车)was
31
out
there.In
its
basket
was
a
ring
box…holding
my
ring!
Along
with
the
ring
was
a
diamond
circle.
There
was
also
a
32
that
told
the
story
of
this
stranger
33
the
ring
and
recognizing
the
work,
as
it
is
a
piece
made
particularly.
The
person
then
went
to
the
jeweler
and
34
about
finding
the
ring.
The
jeweler
is
a
friend
of
mine
so
she
gave
her
my
35
and
the
town
is
so
small，we
are
36
to
find.The
stranger
who
found
the
ring
37
the
ribbon(丝线)in
the
store
in
order
to
keep
the
ring
around
the
finger
when
it
is
38
out.
And
then
also
left
a
gift
card
for
us
to
take
our
family
out
to
the
movies
as
a
Christmas
gift.
The
note
was
39
“Santa’s
Elf(小精灵)”.
My
friend
is
keeping
her
lips
40
about
whom
it
was.
21.A.modern
B.small
C.big
D.developed
22.A.ring
B.hand
C.brain
D.finger
23.A.fall
off
B.1eave
behind
C.break
down
D.go
away
24.A.firmly
B.formally
C.identically
D.physically
25.A.valuable
B.challenging
C.memorable
D.beneficial
26.A.footprints
B.steps
C.streets
D.directions
27.A.took
B.pressed
C.turned
D.counted
28.A.gone
B.stolen
C.changed
D.transformed
29.A.adapted
B.attached
C.exposed
D.held
30.A.open
B.abandoned
C.closed
D.locked
31.A.made
B.parked
C.repaired
D.destroyed
32.A.slogan
B.advertisement
C.note
D.announcement
33.A.handling
B.exploring
C.finding
D.chasing
34.A.explained
B.complained
C.wondered
D.argued
35.A.phone
number
B.photo
C.mailbox
D.name
36.A.difficult
B.easy
C.incredible
D.complex
37.A.purchased
B.tore
C.sold
D.borrowed
38.A.warm
B.rainy
C.foggy
D.cold
39.A.called
B.written
C.signed
D.noticed
40.A.tight
B.painted
C.secret
D.clear
【答案】21.B
22.D
23.A
24.D
25.C
26.B
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.D
31.B
32.C
33.C
34.A
35.D
36.B
37.A
38.D
39.C
40.A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者不小心弄丢了戒指，捡到戒指的好心人找到了戒指的主人也就是作者，将戒指放在她的车里并附上了一个纸条写着找寻戒指主人的经过。
21.考查形容词词义辨析。A.
modern
现代的；B.
small小的；C.
big大的；D.
developed发达的。根据最后一段的“the
town
is
so
small”可知作者所在的城镇很小（small），故选B。
22.考查名词词义辨析。A.
ring戒指；B.
hand手；C.
brain大脑；D.
finger
手指。根据后文可知作者的周年纪念戒指丢了，戒指是戴在手指（finger）的，因为寒冷，手指收缩了戒指才会掉，故选D。
23.考查词组辨析。A.
fall
off
脱落；
B.
leave
behind
留下；C.
break
down（机器等）损坏；D.
go
away
离开。因为寒冷，戒指从手指上脱落了，A项符合逻辑，故选A项。
24.考查副词词义辨析。A.
firmly
坚定地；B.
formally正式地；C.
identically相同地；
D.
physically
身体上地。根据后文“I
thought
my
husband
was
going
to
have
a
heart
attack.”可知在发现戒指不见后，作者觉得丈夫的心脏病要发了，这是身体上的反应，所以作者也应该是身体上（physically）浑身疼痛，选D。
25.考查形容词词义辨析。A.
valuable
有价值的；B.
challenging具有挑战性的；C.
memorable
值得纪念的；D.
beneficial
有益的。根据前文.I
didn't
notice
this
until
we
got
home.
I
became
___4___ill
ached
all
over.
I
thought
my
husband
was
going
to
have
a
heart
attack.可知作者夫妇知道戒指不见之后，反应很大，说明这枚戒指应该是很有意义的，故选C项。
26.考查名词词义辨析。A.
footprints脚印；B.
steps步子；步伐；C.
streets
压力；D.
directions
方向。作者的丈夫又出去，沿着他们之前的步子（step）寻找戒指，选B。
27.考查动词词义和词组辨析。A.
took
拿；B.
pressed
按压；C.
turned翻转；D.
counted数数，计算。本题要注意各个选项是与后面的it
in搭配的，take
sth
in意为“接受；接纳”，turn
sth
in
意为“上交，返还”，count
in意为“把…..算进去”。根据“I
called
the
stores
we
were
in”可知作者给他们之前去过的商店打了电话，打电话肯定是询问有没有捡到戒指，但是没有人捡到返还（turn
in），C项最符合语境，故选C项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。A.
(be)
gone不见了；
B.
stolen
偷窃；C.
changed改变；D.
transformed
转变；转换。sth
be
gone是固定用法，意为“某物不见了，消失了”。根据前文I
called
the
stores
we
were
in
and
no
one
turned
it
in.
”可知作者给去过的商店打电话，但是没有返还戒指。这时候作者认为她的戒指没了（was
gone），选A。
29.考查动词词义辨析。A.
adapted适应；B.
attached把…….附在……上；C.
exposed暴露；
D.
held
举行。sunroom意为“日光浴室”，在这里人可以沐浴到阳光。作者家里有一间附属于（attached
to）房子的日光浴室，选B。
30.考查动词词义辨析。A.
open
打开；B.
abandoned遗弃；C.
closed关闭；D.
locked
把……锁起来。根据后文“But
that
night,
we
left
it
unlocked.”可知那天晚上，作者没锁日光浴室的门。作者平常都会把门锁上（lock），但是那天晚上没锁。故选D。
31.考查动词词义辨析。A.
made做；制造；B.
parked停放（车辆）；C.
repaired修复；修理；D.
destroyed
破坏。句意：我的小摩托车停放在那儿。根据句意，小摩托车停放（park）在日光浴室，而不是被修理（repair），破坏(destroyed)或者制作(made)。故选B项。
32.考查名词词义辨析。A.
slogan标语；B.
advertisement广告；C.
note纸条；D.
announcement
宣言。根据后文“The
note
was
___19___
"Santa's
Elf(小精灵)”可知车篮里除了戒指，还有一张纸条(note),
故选C。
33.考查动词词义辨析。A.
handling处理；B.
exploring
探索；C.
finding发现；D.
chasing
追逐。这位好心人发现了（finding）作者的戒指，故选C。
34.考查动词词义辨析。A.
explained
解释；B.
complained抱怨；C.
wondered想知道；D.
argued
争论。句意：那个人找到了宝石匠，解释到他发现了一枚戒指。根据句意，A项切题，故选A。
35.考查名词词义辨析。A.
phone
number
电话号码；B.
photo照片；C.
mailbox邮箱；D.
name
名字。根据前文可知好心人将戒指直接放在了车篮里，如果知道的是作者的电话号码或者邮箱应该会直接联系作者去拿，不会就放在篮子里。根据“The
jeweler
is
a
friend
of
mine”可知宝石匠是作者的朋友，所以宝石匠应该是给了那位好心人作者的名字（name）。故选D。
36.考查形容词词义辨析。A.
difficult困难的；B.
easy
容易的；
C.
incredible难以置信的；
D.
complex
复杂的。根据前文“the
town
is
so
small,”可知城镇很小，所以找到作者一家很容易。选B。
37.考查动词词义辨析。A.
purchased
购买；B.
tore
撕裂；C.
sold售卖；D.
borrowed
借。根据in
the
store可知那人是在商店里，肯定是购买（purchased）丝线，故选A。
38.考查形容词词义辨析。A.
warm温暖的；B.
rainy多雨的；C.
foggy有雾的；D.
cold
寒冷的。根据前文“Because
of
the
cold”
可知现在天气很冷，故选D项。
39.考查动词词义辨析。A.
called给……打电话；B.
written写；C.
signed署名；D.
noticed
察觉。句意：纸条的署名为“圣诞老人的小精灵”。根据句意，Santa's
Elf(小精灵)是那位好心人的名字，所以是署名为“"Santa's
Elf(小精灵)”，故选C。
40.考查形容词词义辨析。A.
tight紧的；牢固的；B.
painted
被描绘的；C.
secret秘密的；D.
clear
清晰的。根据前文可知那人将自己称为圣诞老人的小精灵，说明他不想让作者知道自己是谁。所以作者的朋友紧紧（tight）地闭着嘴，不告诉作者那个人到底是谁。选A。
3（2019·江西南昌十中高三期中）
We’ve
all
seen
ambulances
come
speeding
down
the
road,
prepared
to
help
when
disaster
41
.
But
sometimes
even
an
ambulance
can’t
42
fast
enough
to
save
someone’s
life.
In
43
like
that,
Eli
Beer
hopes
to
save
the
day.
Beer
is
the
founder
of
United
Hatzalah,
a
volunteer-run
organization
in
Israel,
44
to
saving
lives.
Every
year
many
people
die
waiting
for
an
ambulance
to
arrive
because
the
ambulance
got
45
in
traffic
or
was
simply
too
far
away.
Trying
to
solve
this
problem
by
using
motorcycles,
Beer
46
a
team
of
volunteers
from
all
47
and
stages
of
life
and
trained
them
to
respond
to
emergencies.
He
then
gave
each
of
them
a
motorcycle
equipped
with
medical
48
.
Then
the
volunteer
went
49
to
their
daily
lives.
United
Hatzalah
has
a
call
center
staffed
50
by
volunteers.
When
someone
calls
to
tell
them
of
an
emergency,
they
answer
it
in
three
51
or
less.
Then
Beer’s
technology
calculates
which
volunteer
is
closest
to
the
52
.
As
soon
as
that
volunteer
is
notified,
he
or
she
53
everything
and
rushes
over.
When
a
volunteer
arrives,
he
or
she
54
CPR(心肺复苏)
if
necessary,
and
uses
the
medical
equipment
in
the
motorcycle
to
help
the
55
.
The
goal
is
56
:
Keep
the
patient
alive
until
the
regular
ambulance
arrives.
According
to
Beer,
an
ambulance’s
average
response
time
is
12
to
15
minutes,
while
United
Hatzalah
volunteers
57
in
three.
United
Hatzalah’s
medical
care
is
58
for
patients
because
it’s
run
mostly
by
volunteers,
and
donations
cover
the
59
of
supplies
and
staff.
It
clearly
shows
the
60
of
individuals
willing
to
use
their
abilities
to
help
others.
41.A.blows
B.strikes
C.beats
D.kicks
42.A.send
B.reach
C.leave
D.arrive
43.A.thoughts
B.situations
C.movements
D.dilemmas
44.A.introduced
B.offered
C.dedicated
D.connected
45.A.lost
B.crashed
C.hit
D.stuck
46.A.joined
B.worked
C.employed
D.gathered
47.A.professions
B.structures
C.levels
D.titles
48.A.records
B.demands
C.orders
D.supplies
49.A.alone
B.back
C.off
D.down
50.A.entirely
B.secretly
C.probably
D.finally
51.A.days
B.hours
C.minutes
D.seconds
52.A.stage
B.scene
C.sight
D.show
53.A.drops
B.reserves
C.finishes
D.stores
54.A.carries
B.suggests
C.performs
D.treats
55.A.tired
B.attacked
C.injured
D.endangered
56.A.easy
B.achievable
C.simple
D.unique
57.A.come
up
B.end
up
C.show
up
D.stay
up
58.A.enough
B.ready
C.priceless
D.free
59.A.reward
B.cost
C.salary
D.income
60.A.power
B.example
C.courage
D.energy
【答案】41.B
42.D
43.B
44.C
45.D
46.D
47.A
48.D
49.B
50.A
51.D
52.B
53.A
54.C
55.C
56.C
57.C
58.D
59.B
60.A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍比尔创建的以色列志愿者组织United
Hatzalah，该组织致力于拯救生命。
41.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们都见过救护车在马路上疾驰而来，准备在灾难来临时提供帮助。A.
blows吹动；B.
strikes侵袭；C.
beats敲打；D.
kicks踢。根据常识可知，灾难是突然侵袭。故选B。
42.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：但有时，即使是救护车也不能及时到达以挽救某人的生命。A.
send发送，寄派；B.
reach达到；C.
leave离开；D.
arrive到达。根据前文but可知，此处表示转折，救护车不能及时到达。故选D。
43.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：在那种情况下，伊莱·比尔希望能挽救局面。A.
thoughts想法；B.
situations境况，情况；C.
movements运动；D.
dilemmas困境。此处指像那样的境况下。故选B。
44.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：比尔是以色列志愿者组织United
Hatzalah的创始人，该组织致力于拯救生命。A.
introduced介绍；B.
offered提供；C.
dedicated把……用于；D.
connected连接。根据上文a
volunteer-run
organization可知，这个组织是致力于拯救生命。be
dedicated
to致力于。故选C项。
45.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：每年都有许多人死于等待救护车的到来，因为救护车被堵在了路上，或者仅仅是距离太远。A.
lost丢失；B.
crashed坠毁；C.
hit击打；D.
stuck卡住。根据前文many
people
die
waiting
for
an
ambulance
to
arrive可知，许多人死于等待救护车的到来，因为救护车被堵在路上，be/get
stuck
in陷入……，被卡在……。故选D。
46.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：为了解决这个问题，比尔召集了一群来自各行各业的志愿者，训练他们应对紧急情况。A.
joined加入；B.
worked工作；C.
employed雇佣；D.
gathered聚集。根据后文a
team
of
volunteers和trained
them
to
respond
to
emergencies可知，是把志愿者召集起来。故选D。
47.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：为了解决这个问题，比尔召集了一群来自各行各业的志愿者，训练他们应对紧急情况。A.
professions职业；B.
structures结构；C.
levels标准；D.
titles标题。根据常识可知，这些志愿者来自各行各业。故选A。
48.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：然后他给他们每人一辆装有医疗用品的摩托车。A.
records记录；B.
demands要求；C.
orders命令；D.
supplies提供，供应。根据上文可知，是去救人，所以提供医疗用品。故选D。
49.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：然后志愿者回到他们的日常生活中。A.
alone独自地；B.
back向后地；C.
off离开；D.
down向下。根据下文中When
someone
calls
to
tell
them
of
an
emergency可知，志愿者带回医疗用品，回到日常生活中，应对急救。故选B。
50.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：United
Hatzalah有一个完全由志愿者组成的呼叫中心。A.
entirely完全地；B.
secretly秘密地；C.
probably很可能；D.
finally最后。这个组织完全由志愿者组成。故选A项。
51.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当有人打电话告诉他们有紧急情况时，他们会在三秒或更少的时间内接听。A.
days天；B.
hours小时；C.
minutes分钟；D.
seconds秒。根据an
emergency,
they
answer
it
in
three
____11____
or
less可知，因为是紧急情况，所以用“秒”更符合语境。故选D项。
52.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：然后比尔的技术计算出哪个志愿者离现场最近。A.
stage阶段；B.
scene场面，现场；C.
sight视力；D.
show显示。离现场最近的志愿者去救人。故选B。
53.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：一旦志愿者得到通知，他或她就会放下一切，冲过去。A.
drops使掉下，丢下；B.
reserves保留；C.
finishes完成；D.
stores储存。根据后文rushes
over可知，志愿者会“丢下”一切，去救人。故选A项。
54.本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：当志愿者到达时，他或她在必要时进行心肺复苏，并使用摩托车上的医疗设备帮助伤者。A.
carries搬运；B.
suggests建议；C.
performs执行；D.
treats对待。这里指先实施心肺复苏救助。故选C。
55.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：句意：当志愿者到达时，他或她在必要时进行心肺复苏，并使用摩托车上的医疗设备帮助伤者。A.
tired疲倦；B.
attacked攻击；C.
injured使受伤；D.
endangered濒危。用医疗设备自然是帮助“受伤的”人。故选C。
56.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：目标很简单：让病人活到常规救护车到来。A.
easy容易的；B.
achievable可完成的；C.
simple简单的；D.
unique独一无二的。志愿者要让受伤的人坚持到救护车来，所以他们的目标是“简单的”。故选C。
57.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：比尔说，救护车的平均反应时间是12到15分钟，而United
Hatzalah的志愿者只需要3分钟。A.
come
up走近，被提出；B.
end
up结束；C.
show
up露面，揭露；D.
stay
up不睡觉，熬夜。此处指志愿者“出现”的时间。故选C。
58.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：United
Hatzalah的医疗服务对病人是免费的，因为它主要是由志愿者运营的，而捐款可以支付医疗用品和员工的费用。A.
enough足够的；B.
ready有准备的；C.
priceless无价的；D.
free免费的。根据下文的donations
cover可知，United
Hatzalah的医疗服务是免费的，因为他们是靠捐款运营的。故选D项。
59.本题考查语境判断之其他线索（上下文）。句意：United
Hatzalah的医疗服务对病人是免费的，因为它主要是由志愿者运营的，而捐款可以支付医疗用品和员工的费用。A.
reward报酬；B.
cost代价，费用；C.
salary薪水；D.
income收入。捐款可以支付医疗用品和员工的费用。故选B。
60.本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：它清楚地显示了个人的力量，愿意使用他们的能力来帮助别人。A.
power力量；B.
example例子；C.
courage勇气；D.
energy能量，精力。志愿者展示的是个人力量。故选A。
