2012届高考英语二轮复习精品课件（大纲版）第1模块 单项填空 专题10 定语从句
文档属性
| 名称 | 2012届高考英语二轮复习精品课件（大纲版）第1模块 单项填空 专题10 定语从句 |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 40.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-12-06 09:51:56 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共24张PPT)
专题十 定语从句
专题十 定语从句
专题十 │ 专题导读
定语从句考查的重点是关系副词与关系代词的区分及“介词＋关系代词”型的定语从句，其中对as，which，whose用法的考查也比较多。考查方式由知识结构的单一性向综合性、交叉性转变；由重点考查关系代词向 “介词＋关系代词”以及关系副词转变。学习时尤其要注意以下两种定语从句：1. 使用where而非“地点”型定语从句。定语从句的先行词是mark, situation, case, point, scene, business等名词而且从句缺少状语时，要使用where表示“一种特定的……情况”或“一个特定的……场合”。2. “分裂”型定语从句。即运用插入语、介词、副词短语等手段使先行词远离关系代词或关系副词，以达到增加试题难度的效果。
2012年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述考点。
专题导读
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）1.［2011·全国卷Ⅱ］Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt，________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A．this B．that C．what D．which
【解析】 D 本题考查非限制性定语从句。which代表前面的整个句子的内容，指特德只穿短裤和T恤衫来度周末这件事。this和that均构成单句，逗号不能连接两个单句；what不是关系代词，不引导定语从句。
真题典例
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）2.［2011·安徽卷］ Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，________it will keep for two or three weeks.
A．when B．which C．where D．while
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。首先注意本句中的keep表示“（食物）保持不坏”，如：Finish off the pie—it won't keep.（把馅饼吃了吧——搁不住。）；其次从句的主语it指代的是Whatever is left over（剩下的任何东西），从句的全句为：Whatever is left over will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator. 先行词为refrigerator，在从句中作地点状语，故选C。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）3.［2011·北京卷］ Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，________， of course, made all the others upset.
A．who B．which C．what D．that
【解析】 B 考查定语从句的关系词。去掉干扰成分of course后，题干会更清晰。可以看出，使大家不安的是前面所说的事情，即：Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，代替前面所说的一件事情，要用which引导的非限制性定语从句。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）4.［2011·福建卷］ She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where C. what D. who
【解析】 A 本题考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创设一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“________allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以须用关系代词which，故正确答案为A项。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）5.［2011·湖南卷］ Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.
A．who B．whom C．which D．that
【解析】 C 本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知“all of ________”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指代物的“German, French and Russian”，故排除A、B两项，又根据that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）6.［2011·江西卷］ She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction________ had taken more than three years.
A．for which B．with which
C．of which D．to which
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。句意为：她带参观者在博物馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）7.［2011·全国卷Ⅰ］ The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A．that B．which
C．whose D．what
【解析】 C 本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定语从句中作story的定语，因此用 whose。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）8.［2011·山东卷］ The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.
A．they B．where C．what D．that
【解析】 D 本题考查定语从句。从结构判断，houses后面是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用that引导。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）9.［2011·陕西卷］ I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ________we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A．which B．where C．who D．that
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the top of the hill，在此处指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，选B。其余选项与题意不符。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）10.［2011·四川卷］ The school shop, ________customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
A．which B．whose
C．when D．where
【解析】 B 本题考查定语从句。此处是whose引导的非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店——其顾客大多是学生——因此放假就关门了。”
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）11.［2011·天津卷］ The days are gone___ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A．when B．that C．where D．which
【解析】 A 考查定语从句的关系词。解题时要注意，关系词和先行词被are gone隔离。引导一个定语从句，代替表示时间的先行词the days，在从句中作时间状语，所以要用关系副词when。句意为：全靠体力谋生的日子已经一去不复返了。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）12.［2011·浙江卷］ English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________uses it somewhat differently.
A．which B．what C．them D．those
【解析】 A 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，在从句中作of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）13.［2011·浙江卷］ A bank is the place________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A．when B．that C．where D．there
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是the place，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）1.The small town is just the one you know ____ I used to work when I was young.
A．that B．which C．what D．where
【解析】 D 考查定语从句。分析语境逻辑和句子结构可知，先行词the one在从句中作地点状语，因此该空应填where引导的定语从句。做题时应注意先行词与定语从句之间出现的插入语you know。
新题预测
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）2.The hardships of my early life constantly remind me to provide the best environment for my son，________， I have to admit, may result in a little spoiling（溺爱）.
A．that B．which C．what D．who
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。I have to admit作插入语， which在此引导非限制性定语从句， 充当从句的主语， 代指前面句子的内容。由此可以排除其他选项。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）3.As a result of our serious staff shortages, the situation has risen ________ we have to hire graduating college students for help.
A．that B．when C．where D．As
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。把从句补充完整：We have to hire graduating college students for help in the situation，可以看出，先行词为the situation在从句中作状语，故用关系副词where，因此答案为C。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）4.As soon as you get home from school, think about the order ________ you will do homework and how much time you will spend on each one.
A．of which B．in which
C．through which D．at which
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。此题从搭配入手，in…order意为“按照……顺序”，此题即可迎刃而解。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）5.—Believe it or not, my sister and I are twins.
—Oh, you must have had the case________ you were mistaken for your sister.
A．which B．whose C．where D．whom
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。语意表示“你肯定有过你被误认为是你姐姐的情况”。where you were taken for your sister是定语从句，修饰先行词the ease，表示的是抽象地点，where可用in which替换。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）6.—What does the notice say —All the storytellers should meet at the same hall ________ won the first three prizes.
A．what B．as C．who D．which
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“________won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）7.We stayed in a quiet hotel, ________.
A．next to it was a thick wood
B．next to which was a thick wood
C．next to it there was a thick wood
D．next to which a thick wood was
【解析】 B 考查定语从句和倒装。句意：我们居住在一个安静的旅馆，旅馆附近是一片茂密的树林。后半句是定语从句，句中的which代指hotel，从句用倒装。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）8.The beautiful village，________ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
【解析】 D 考查定语从句。先行词the beautiful village表地点，定语从句we spent our holiday last month中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）9.We hope the measures to control house prices, ________ are taken by the government, will succeed.
A．which B．that C．what D．as
【解析】 A 考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the measures, which 在从句中作主语。
专题十 定语从句
专题十 定语从句
专题十 │ 专题导读
定语从句考查的重点是关系副词与关系代词的区分及“介词＋关系代词”型的定语从句，其中对as，which，whose用法的考查也比较多。考查方式由知识结构的单一性向综合性、交叉性转变；由重点考查关系代词向 “介词＋关系代词”以及关系副词转变。学习时尤其要注意以下两种定语从句：1. 使用where而非“地点”型定语从句。定语从句的先行词是mark, situation, case, point, scene, business等名词而且从句缺少状语时，要使用where表示“一种特定的……情况”或“一个特定的……场合”。2. “分裂”型定语从句。即运用插入语、介词、副词短语等手段使先行词远离关系代词或关系副词，以达到增加试题难度的效果。
2012年对定语从句考查将会继续遵循上述考点。
专题导读
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）1.［2011·全国卷Ⅱ］Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt，________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A．this B．that C．what D．which
【解析】 D 本题考查非限制性定语从句。which代表前面的整个句子的内容，指特德只穿短裤和T恤衫来度周末这件事。this和that均构成单句，逗号不能连接两个单句；what不是关系代词，不引导定语从句。
真题典例
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）2.［2011·安徽卷］ Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator，________it will keep for two or three weeks.
A．when B．which C．where D．while
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。首先注意本句中的keep表示“（食物）保持不坏”，如：Finish off the pie—it won't keep.（把馅饼吃了吧——搁不住。）；其次从句的主语it指代的是Whatever is left over（剩下的任何东西），从句的全句为：Whatever is left over will keep for two or three weeks in the refrigerator. 先行词为refrigerator，在从句中作地点状语，故选C。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）3.［2011·北京卷］ Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，________， of course, made all the others upset.
A．who B．which C．what D．that
【解析】 B 考查定语从句的关系词。去掉干扰成分of course后，题干会更清晰。可以看出，使大家不安的是前面所说的事情，即：Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others，代替前面所说的一件事情，要用which引导的非限制性定语从句。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）4.［2011·福建卷］ She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A. which B. where C. what D. who
【解析】 A 本题考查定语从句。句意：她具有给学生创设一种允许他们自由交流的氛围的天赋。分析句子结构可知，定语从句“________allows them to communicate freely with each other”修饰先行词atmosphere，将先行词代入从句后为：The atmosphere allows them to communicate freely with each other.由此可知先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且指代物，所以须用关系代词which，故正确答案为A项。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）5.［2011·湖南卷］ Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently.
A．who B．whom C．which D．that
【解析】 C 本题考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知“all of ________”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指代物的“German, French and Russian”，故排除A、B两项，又根据that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）6.［2011·江西卷］ She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction________ had taken more than three years.
A．for which B．with which
C．of which D．to which
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。句意为：她带参观者在博物馆里到处参观，这家博物馆的建设花了三年多时间。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）7.［2011·全国卷Ⅰ］ The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A．that B．which
C．whose D．what
【解析】 C 本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。本空在定语从句中作story的定语，因此用 whose。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）8.［2011·山东卷］ The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.
A．they B．where C．what D．that
【解析】 D 本题考查定语从句。从结构判断，houses后面是一个定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，因此用that引导。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）9.［2011·陕西卷］ I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, ________we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A．which B．where C．who D．that
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是the top of the hill，在此处指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，选B。其余选项与题意不符。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）10.［2011·四川卷］ The school shop, ________customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.
A．which B．whose
C．when D．where
【解析】 B 本题考查定语从句。此处是whose引导的非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作customers的定语。句意为“这个学校商店——其顾客大多是学生——因此放假就关门了。”
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）11.［2011·天津卷］ The days are gone___ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A．when B．that C．where D．which
【解析】 A 考查定语从句的关系词。解题时要注意，关系词和先行词被are gone隔离。引导一个定语从句，代替表示时间的先行词the days，在从句中作时间状语，所以要用关系副词when。句意为：全靠体力谋生的日子已经一去不复返了。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）12.［2011·浙江卷］ English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________uses it somewhat differently.
A．which B．what C．them D．those
【解析】 A 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，在从句中作of的宾语，所以应用关系代词which。
专题十 │ 真题典例
（ ）13.［2011·浙江卷］ A bank is the place________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A．when B．that C．where D．there
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。本句中的先行词是the place，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）1.The small town is just the one you know ____ I used to work when I was young.
A．that B．which C．what D．where
【解析】 D 考查定语从句。分析语境逻辑和句子结构可知，先行词the one在从句中作地点状语，因此该空应填where引导的定语从句。做题时应注意先行词与定语从句之间出现的插入语you know。
新题预测
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）2.The hardships of my early life constantly remind me to provide the best environment for my son，________， I have to admit, may result in a little spoiling（溺爱）.
A．that B．which C．what D．who
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。I have to admit作插入语， which在此引导非限制性定语从句， 充当从句的主语， 代指前面句子的内容。由此可以排除其他选项。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）3.As a result of our serious staff shortages, the situation has risen ________ we have to hire graduating college students for help.
A．that B．when C．where D．As
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。把从句补充完整：We have to hire graduating college students for help in the situation，可以看出，先行词为the situation在从句中作状语，故用关系副词where，因此答案为C。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）4.As soon as you get home from school, think about the order ________ you will do homework and how much time you will spend on each one.
A．of which B．in which
C．through which D．at which
【解析】 B 考查定语从句。此题从搭配入手，in…order意为“按照……顺序”，此题即可迎刃而解。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）5.—Believe it or not, my sister and I are twins.
—Oh, you must have had the case________ you were mistaken for your sister.
A．which B．whose C．where D．whom
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。语意表示“你肯定有过你被误认为是你姐姐的情况”。where you were taken for your sister是定语从句，修饰先行词the ease，表示的是抽象地点，where可用in which替换。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）6.—What does the notice say —All the storytellers should meet at the same hall ________ won the first three prizes.
A．what B．as C．who D．which
【解析】 C 考查定语从句。根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“________won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）7.We stayed in a quiet hotel, ________.
A．next to it was a thick wood
B．next to which was a thick wood
C．next to it there was a thick wood
D．next to which a thick wood was
【解析】 B 考查定语从句和倒装。句意：我们居住在一个安静的旅馆，旅馆附近是一片茂密的树林。后半句是定语从句，句中的which代指hotel，从句用倒装。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）8.The beautiful village，________ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain.
A．what B．that C．which D．where
【解析】 D 考查定语从句。先行词the beautiful village表地点，定语从句we spent our holiday last month中缺少状语，所以应用关系副词where。
专题十 │ 新题预测
（ ）9.We hope the measures to control house prices, ________ are taken by the government, will succeed.
A．which B．that C．what D．as
【解析】 A 考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the measures, which 在从句中作主语。