必修一 Unit 2 English around the world-Reading

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人教课标版
高一 必修1
Unit 2
Reading
1. With your partner, list the countries that use English as an official language
2. Which country do you think has the most English learners
3. Look at the title of the following passage and guess what it is about. Then read it quickly and see if you are right.
Pre-reading
official 官方的
voyage 航行, 航海
native 本国的, 本地的
present 现在的、出席的
gradually 逐渐地
vocabulary 词汇、词汇量
New words
actually 事实上
latter 后者的
identity 身份
fluent 流利的
Singapore 新加坡
Malaysia 马来西亚
frequently 频繁地
1. English has/had the most speakers ___.
A. now
B. when the British ruled many
parts of the world
C. in the time of Shakespeare
D. in the 12th century
Scan the text and choose the best answer.
2.Which of the following statement is true
A. Languages always stay the same
B. Languages change only after wars
C. Languages no longer change
D. Languages change when cultures
change
3. From AD 450 to 1150, English
sounded more like _____
A. French B. Chinese
C. German D. Russian
4. Shakespeare’s English was spoken
around ______
A. 1400’s B. 1150’s
C. 450’s D. 1600’s
5. Which country has the fastest
growing number of English speakers
in the world
A. Australia
B. China
C. India
D. Britain
Skim the text again and fill in the table.
The cause
Time
Between AD
450 and 1150
1150 to 1500
The road to modern English
cultures communicate with
one another
things that happened
less like German; more
like French
based on German
In the 1600’s
Later
Shakespeare broadened
the vocabulary. A big
changed in English
British people brought
English to Australia
Reading skills:
For the first time you must read the text quickly in three minutes. Be sure not to read the text sentence by sentence. Read the key words and key sentences to gain a brief idea about the topic of the text.
找重点词、关键句理解文章大致内容
如何找主题句或关键句
(1) 顺承式段落多在第一句；
(2) 转折式段落常是第二句带有
however, but的句子。
Using the reading skills, get the main idea of each paragraph.
Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before.
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. However, they may not be able to understand everything.
Para 1
Para 2
All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.
English’s position as world language is yet to be clearly understood or defined.
Para 3
Para 4
Read the passage again and answer the
following questions.
Why was English spoken in many other
countries in the 17th century
Because people from England started moving to other parts of the world.
2. Do native English speakers have difficulty in understanding each other
3. Does their English have differences If so, can you show examples
No, they don’t.
Yes. flat→ apartment
Read Para. 3 and find out why and how
English changed over time.
time
language related
reasons
AD450-
1150
German
ruled by
German
1150-
1500
French
ruled by
Norman(French)
1600‘s
a wider vocabulary
Shakespeare
American English
Noah Webster
Australian English
British went to
Australia
Read Para.4 and find out why India takes English as second language.
India
was ruled by Britain
South African English
Singapore English
Malaysian English
Hong Kong English
Do you know any other kinds of English
formed for this reason
Samuel Johnson
Born: September 18, 1709
One of the English language’s most profound influences.
Two important persons
Noah Webster
Born: October 16, 1758
Died: May 28, 1843 When Noah was 43, he started writing the first American dictionary. He did this because Americans in different parts of the country spelled, pronounced and used words differently.
Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the text.
The English between AD 450 and 1150 was based more on _______.
From AD 800 to 1150, those who ruled England spoke first _______ and later _______.
At the end of the 16th century, about _________________ people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England.
German
Danish
French
five to seven million
English is also spoken as a foreign or ______ language in many other countries in Africa and ___________.
Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing _______. As a matter of fact, China may have the _______ number of English learners.
In 1620 some British settlers moved to ________. In the 18th century, some British people were taken to __________. English began to be spoken in both countries.
largest
America
Australia
second
South Asia
rapidly
Decide whether the statement are
True (T) or false (F) according to the
passage.
1. Chinese English has become one of the world Englishes.
2. Between about AD 450 and 1150, English was less like German, and more like French.
F
F
3. It is The American Dictionary of the
English Language that gives American
English spelling its own identity.
4. English is spoken as the first language
in Singapore and Malaysia.
F
T
Why did the writer decide to end the passage with a question
“Will Chinese English become one of the world Englishes Only time will tell.”
Further thinking:
According to the passage, languages change when cultures communicate with one another. So the writer intended to predict a possible road to modern English, that is, when Chinese culture communicates with English culture, English may change, too. So as time goes by, Chinese English may become one of the world English. That is what the writer intended to tell us about this passage. So the writer gave it the title-The Road to Modern English.
Some people say that Chinese is a
much more elegant language, so it is
more important for us to master it and
it is not so necessary to master foreign
language. Do you agree with this opinion and why
Discussion
1. Do you know that there is more than
one kind of English in the world
你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？
more than one +名词单数, 后面的谓
语动词用单数。
More than one student wants to
go to swim.
Explanation
more than 还可以与名词、形容词、副词、动词、动名词连用，意为 “不只是，非常”
Both of them are much more than schoolmates. They are close friends.
他们俩远不只是同学, 他们是知心朋友。
more than 的反义短语是less than, 意为 “少于”
We advertised for pupils last autumn,
and got ___ 60.
A. more than
B. more of
C. as much as
D. so many as
高考链接
2. In some important ways they are very
different form one another.
在某些重要方面, 它们彼此有些差异。
in…way (s)/by…means 在……方面
We should solve this problem in a
different way.
=We should solve this problem
by a different way.
都表示“相互，彼此”，在句中作动词
或介词的宾语，但不能作主语。
表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用
each other, 表示三个或三个以上的人
或事物之间的相互关系时， 用each
other或one another都可以。
(2) one another/each other区别
Tom and Mary looked at each other.
We send card to one another/each
other every year.
我们每年都相互寄卡片。
3. because of后边加名词或动名词短语
because是连词, 所以后边跟句子
He came to work late because he got up late.
He came to work late because of getting up late.
[考例] The open-air celebration has been put off ______ the bad weather. (浙江 2007)
A. in case of B. in spite of
C. instead of D. because of
[点拨] 句意为“因为天气恶劣推迟了露天庆祝会。” because of由于，因为；in case of假设，万一；in spite of尽管；instead of代替，而不是……，故正确答案为D项。
4. Native English speakers can
understand each other even if they
don’t speak the same kind of English.
把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交
流, 即使他们说的不是同一种英语。
even if= (even though)是连词词组， 用来引导让步状语从句，意为 “尽管；即使”
even if /even though
even if 从句所说的不肯定；而even though从句所说的则是事实
He will not let out the secret even if he knows it.
He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.
他对秘密知道与否不一定
他知道这个秘密
native可以作名词，意为： 本地人，
本国人；也可以作形容词，意为：本
国的，本土的。例如：
1. When we’re on holiday in Greece, we live like the natives.
2. Are you a native of this country, or just a visitor
3. The giant panda is native to China.
4. After a long stay in England he’s back in his native land.
[拓展] native speaker生来就说某种语言的人。如：a native speaker of French / English
[即学即练] 根据括号内的提示，用native的适当形式完成句子。
1. He has been away from ______________（他的故土中国） for three years.
2. He’s _________________ （美国人）
but now lives in England.
his native China
a native of America
5. come up
上来, 走近; 被提出; 发芽; 升起
The problem came up in the meeting.
问题在会议中被提出来了。
come across 偶然遇到或找到
come back 再现记忆
come down 传承, 按习惯通过或处理
come on 催促, 快速运动
come out 成为众所周知; 发行或发表
come up 出现, 显示
come true 实现
come up with 宣布或发现
6. actually/in fact/as a matter of fact
事实上，实际上
7. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
[翻译] 起初在大约公元450年到1150年间英国人所讲的英语与人们现在所讲的英语很不一样。
[分析] 此句看起来复杂，但实际上是一个简单句，即： the English... was different from the English..., at first 在句中作状语， spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150以及spoken today都是过去分词短语作后置定语，用来修饰中心词the English，表示被动关系。
如：
The speech given by that professor was a great success. （given by that professor 作the speech的定语）
那个教授所作的演讲很成功。
8. base可以作名词，意为： 总部，基础；也可以作动词， 意为：以……为根据，常用于base sth. on / upon sth. 结构。
That company has offices all over the world, but their base is in Paris.
Many languages have Latin as their base.
This novel is based on facts.
[即学即练] 翻译下列句子。
1. 这出戏以真事为基础。
2. 我很多时间在英国度过，但主要还是
住在中国。
The play is based on a true story.
I spend a lot of time in Britain, but China is still my base.
9. present (adj.) 　目前的, 现在的
You should look clearly the present
situation.
10 . …Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
莎士比亚使用了比以前更为广泛的词汇量。
make (good/full/no…) use of 　使用
We could make good use of our
resources.
Every minute should be made good use of.
11. India has a very large number of
　 fluent English speakers…
a number of
大量的（其后谓语动词用复数）
A number of people have came.
the number of …的数目（其后谓语动 词用单数）
只能修饰可数名词的：
a large/ great/ good number of,
a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few
The number of homeless people has increased.
只能修饰不可数名词的：
a great deal of, a large amount of,
quite a little, a large sum of
既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：
plenty of, a lot of, lots of,
a large quantity of
12. Only time will tell.
时间会证明一切。
tell 知道, 判断
It’s hard to tell whether he is right.
tell A from B: 区分，分别
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother
短语训练营
请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
such as； because of； base on； come up； believe it or not； at the end of
1. He realized that she was crying _________ what he had said.
2. ______________, John has passed the driving test.
because of
Believe it or not
such as； because of； base on； come up； believe it or not； at the end of
3. This book is ________ a true story.
4. A beggar _______ to us and asked for money.
5. They had an English exam __________ last month.
6. Girls _______ Ann and Lucy are very friendly.
such as
based on
came up
at the end of
用适当的介词填空。
1. You’d better make full use __ your time.
2. You will find the hospital __ the end of the road.
3. The church is close __ the school.
of
at
to
4. We have friends all ____ the world.
5. As everybody knows, China has the largest number __ people.
6. __ the 1980s, he went to America.
over
of
In
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. It was easy to tell the n_____ from the
tourists.
2. There was no need to pay rent for an
empty a________.
3. There are many s______ mistakes;
even so it’s quite a good essay.
natives
spelling
apartment
4. We still don’t know the i______ of the other man in the picture.
5. The ten most f_______ asked questions are listed below.
6. Reading is one of the best ways of improving your __________ （词汇量）.
identity
frequent
vocabulary
7. As the weeks passed, I ________ （逐渐地）loved to live there.
8. He was the son of a(n) ______ （丹麦的）father and a British mother.
9. One can travel there by ship or plane.
Most people choose the _____（后者）.
10. She speaks ______ （流利的）though
not very correct English.
fluently
latter
gradually
Danish
1. Retell the passage.
2. Finish exercises in Learning about
language.
3. Find an example that shows the
difference between American English
and British English.
Homework