北京市西城区2020—2021学年度第一学期期末试卷
高三英语
本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Past
the
breakers,
about
50
feet
from
shore,
two
brothers
were
fighting
for
their
lives.
They
had
been
swept
out
to
sea
in
a
strong
current,
their
mouths
barely
able
to
stay
above
the
___1___.
Thick
fog
made
it
difficult
for
beachgoers
to
see
the
guys,
but
the
screams
were
unmistakable.
And
every
second
counted.
___2___,
four
surfers
in
wet
suits
were
nearby.
Narayan
Weibel,
Spenser
Stratton,
Adrian
York
and
Taj
Ortiz-Beck,
all
16,
were
on
their
surfboards
riding
up
and
down
the
coast
on
five-foot
waves
when
they
heard
the
___3___.
They
turned
and
saw
two
bobbing
(摆动)
heads
and
four
flailing
(扑打)
arms.
“We
looked
at
each
other
and
knew
these
guys
were
about
to
drown
(淹死),”
Weibel
told
the
reporter.
Weibel,
Stratton,
and
Ortiz-Beck
paddled
(用桨划)
toward
the
swimmers
while
York
headed
to
shore
to
find
someone
to
call
911.
He
then
dived
back
in
to
___4___
his
friends.
As
the
surfers
drew
close,
the
brothers
were
___5___.
Ortiz-Beck
pulled
up
alongside
the
one
brother.
Grabbing
him
under
his
arms,
he
pulled
him
up
onto
his
board.
Stratton
and
Weibel,
meanwhile,
were
trying
to
help
the
other.
He
was
large,
250
to
300
pounds,
and
he
was
panicked.
“Calm
down—we
___6___
you!”
Weibel
shouted.
York
arrived
___7___
to
help
get
the
guy
on
top
of
the
second
board.
They
then
paddled
several
minutes
through
a
wild
current
to
the
medical
help
waiting
onshore.
The
brothers
were
scared
but
___8___.
“When
we
get
a
call
like
this
one,
it’s
usually
too
___9___
by
the
time
we
get
there,”
says
Dillon
Cleavenger,
the
lifeguard,
“I
can’t
say
enough
about
what
these
boys
did.
They
were
willing
and
prepared
to
____10____
their
lives.”
1.
A.
board
B.
water
C.
ship
D.
shore
2.
A.
Luckily
B.
Surprisingly
C.
Surely
D.
Gradually
3.
A.
news
B.
stories
C.
words
D.
cries
4.
A.
invite
B.
guide
C.
help
D.
greet
5.
A.
striking
B.
struggling
C.
strengthening
D.
stretching
6.
A.
met
B.
got
C.
knew
D.
followed
7.
A.
in
fear
B.
in
turn
C.
in
time
D.
in
advance
8.
A.
proud
B.
strong
C.
satisfied
D.
fine
9.
A.
late
B.
busy
C.
far
D.
difficult
10.
A.
save
B.
change
C.
risk
D.
share
【答案】1.
B
2.
A
3.
D
4.
C
5.
B
6.
B
7.
C
8.
D
9.
A
10.
C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述四位冲浪少年冒险勇救落水两兄弟的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们被一股强劲的洋流卷到了海里，他们的嘴几乎无法露出水面。A.
board板；B.
water水；C.
ship船；D.
shore海岸。根据前文“They
had
been
swept
out
to
sea
in
a
strong
current”可知，因为被一股强劲的洋流卷到了海里，所以此处表示他们无法露出水面。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运地是，附近有四个穿着潜水衣的冲浪者。A.
Luckily幸运地；B.
Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C.
Surely肯定地；D.
Gradually逐渐地。根据后文“They
turned
and
saw
two
bobbing
(摆动)
heads
and
four
flailing
(扑打)
arms.”可知，因为这四个冲浪者看到了这对兄弟，所以此处需用副词luckily，表示幸运地。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：16岁
Narayan
Weibel，Spencer
Stratton，
Adrian
York和Taj
ortizi
-
beck听到哭喊声时，正踩着冲浪板在5英尺高的海浪上沿着海岸上下行驶。A.
news新闻；B.
stories故事；C.
words单词；D.
cries哭喊声。根据前文“but
the
screams
were
unmistakable.”可知，此处指听到了这对兄弟的哭喊声。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他又跳回去帮助他的朋友们。A.
invite邀请；B.
guide指导；C.
help帮助；D.
greet迎接。根据前文“York
headed
to
shore
to
find
someone
to
call
911.”可知，York先找人拨打911，然后又回去帮助朋友们救那对兄弟。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当冲浪者靠近时，兄弟俩正在挣扎。A.
striking
攻击，击打；B.
struggling挣扎；C.
strengthening加强，巩固；D.
stretching伸展，延伸。根据前文“They
turned
and
saw
two
bobbing
(摆动)
heads
and
four
flailing
(扑打)
arms.
”可知，这对兄弟正在挣扎。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：冷静点——我们“抓住”你了!A.
met遇到；B.
got抓住；C.
knew知道；D.
followed跟随。根据前文“He
was
large,
250
to
300
pounds,
and
he
was
panicked.”可知，Stratton
和Weibel告诉另一个兄弟冷静，由此可知，此处指“抓住”他了。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：约克及时赶到，帮他爬上了第二块冲浪板。A.
in
fear害怕；B.
in
turn轮流，依次；C.
in
time及时；D.
in
advance提前。根据后文“to
help
get
the
guy
on
top
of
the
second
board.
”可知，此处表示及时赶到，帮助另一个兄弟爬上了冲浪板。故选C。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：兄弟俩很害怕，但身体无恙。A.
proud骄傲的；B.
strong强壮的；C.
satisfied满足的；D.
fine身体好的。
根据转折连词but可知，这对兄弟受到了惊吓，但身体无恙。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们接到这样的电话时，通常我们赶到的时候已经太晚了。A.
late晚的，迟的；B.
busy忙碌的；C.
far远的；D.
difficult困难的。根据副词usually和后文“I
can’t
say
enough
about
what
these
boys
did.”可知，救援队员到时，一般都太晚了。故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们愿意并且准备冒生命危险。A.
save救；B.
change改变；C.
risk冒险；D.
share分享。根据前文描述这个四个16岁的冲浪者救了兄弟俩的名，所以此处指他们是要冒生命危险的。故选C。
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It
was
my
first
night
out
in
that
city,
and
when
I
saw
the
last
bus
home
disappearing
round
the
corner,
I
knew
I
had
a
problem.
It
was
cold
and
I
couldn’t
afford
a
taxi,
____11____
I
didn’t
want
to
bother
my
host
family
by
asking
them
to
pick
me
up.
So
I
set
off
on
foot,
____12____
(tell)
myself
it
would
only
take
me
an
hour
or
so.
Four
hours
later,
I
was
still
walking.
I
was
soaked
(湿透的)
through
and
my
hands
were
frozen.
When
I
eventually
reached
the
house,
the
family
said
how
____13____
(worry)
they’d
been,
and
asked
why
I
hadn’t
phoned.
By
then
I
wished
I
had.
【答案】11.
but
12.
telling
13.
worried
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一个外出晚上，没有坐上回家的公交车，没钱打车，最后步行回家的故事。
【11题详解】
考查连词。句意：天气很冷，我又打不起出租车，但我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。根据空前句意“天气很冷，我又打不起出租车”和空后句意“我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。”可知，此处前后表示转折关系需用连词but。故填but。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我就步行出发了，告诉自己只需要一个小时左右。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词set
off，且空处没有连词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作状语，动词tell与逻辑主语I之间主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词telling作状语。故填telling。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当我终于到家时，那家人说他们非常担心，并问我为什么没有打电话。分析句子结构可知，疑问词副词how后需接形容词或副词引导宾语从句，此处作表语，需用形容词，由they可知，此处需用形容词worried“着急的”作表语。故填worried。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The
United
Nations
Children’s
Fund,
also
known
as
UNICEF,
is
a
United
Nations
organization
based
in
New
York.
It
offers
help
needed
by
children
all
over
the
world.
UNICEF
____14____
(found)
on
11
December,
1946
to
provide
food
and
healthcare
to
children
in
countries
damaged
in
World
War
II.
Since
1953,
UNICEF
____15____
(take)
up
an
extended
mission
to
help
children
in
the
developing
world,
including
those
living
with
disease
or
disabilities,
and
those
affected
by
rapid
modernization
and
environmental
____16____
(problem).
Now,
UNICEF
has
been
working
____17____
(improve)
the
lives
of
children
and
their
families
across
190
countries
and
territories.
【答案】14.
was
founded
15.
has
taken
16.
problems
17.
to
improve
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国儿童基金会自成立以来的发展变化以及对帮助世界上有需要的儿童做出的贡献。
【14题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：联合国儿童基金会成立于1946年12月11日，目的是向二战中受损国家的儿童提供食品和保健。分析句子可知，主语UNICEF为组织机构，做单数讲，且在过去被创建，因此谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填was
founded。
【15题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1953年以来，儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务，那就是帮助发展中世界的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。分析句子可知，主语UNICEF为组织机构，做单数讲，且承担任务是从过去一直持续到现在，还可根据时间状语Since
1953，可断定谓语动词用现在完成时，注意主谓一致。故填has
taken。
【16题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自1953年以来，儿童基金会承担了一项长期任务，那就是帮助发展中世界的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。分析句子可知，环境问题有很多，用复数形式。故填problems。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，联合国儿童基金会一直致力于改善190个国家和地区的儿童及其家庭的生活。分析句子可知，句子谓语动词为has
been
working，因
此
improve
做
非
谓
语，且联合国儿童基金会一直工作是为了改善儿童和他们的生活，所以用动词不定式做目的状语。故填to
improve。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Online
eating
shows,
or
Mukbang,
originated
in
South
Korea
and
have
gained
___18___
(popular)
globally.
Many
hosts
of
such
shows
become
popular
for
their
ability
to
eat
large
amounts
of
food.
But
these
shows
have
also
received
criticism
____19____
their
waste
of
food.
On
Aug.
12,
CCTV
exposed
several
Chinese
hosts
who
were
pretending
to
eat
large
amounts
of
food
while
on
camera,
but
actually
later
threw
it
away.
To
discourage
this
practice,
many
video
and
livestreaming
platforms,
including
Douyin,
Kuaishou
and
Bilibili,
have
removed
videos
____20____
show
food
waste,
and
have
promoted
messages
to
“stop
food
waste
and
eat
reasonably”.
【答案】18.
popularity
19.
for
20.
that/which
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“吃播”节目，最初来源于韩国的大胃王，后风靡全球；但8月12日，央视点名批评了部分中国吃播，指出他们存在食物浪费的情况；为了阻止这种行为的发生，抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩将含有食物浪费情况的视频都下架了。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：“吃播”起源于韩国的“大胃王”，现已风靡全球。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填名词，作gain的宾语，根据所给提示词popular，其名词形式为popularity，受欢迎，普及，流行，不可数名词，故填popularity。
【19题详解】
考查介词。句意：但这些节目也因浪费食物而受到批评。分析句子结构可知，这里需填介词，与their
waste
of
food共同构成原因状语，for表示理由或者原因，意为“因为，由于”，符合题意。故填for。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了阻止这种行为，抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩等许多视频和直播平台都删除了显示食物浪费的视频，并发布了制止食物浪费、合理饮食的信息。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是videos，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
◆
What
Are
We
Talking
About?
It’s
called
the
Mozzy
Watch.
It
is
a
stylish
and
comfortable
band
that
instantly
brings
peace
of
mind,
for
it
keeps
those
annoying
mosquitoes
away.
It
is
made
of
a
hardened
ceramic
material,
so
it
is
very
tough
and
almost
unbreakable.
But
how
this
device
protects
you
against
annoying
insects
is
truly
amazing…
◆
__________________________________________
Mozzy
Watch
uses
ultrasonic
sounds
to
repel
(驱除)
mosquitoes
and
flies!
These
ultrasonic
frequencies
are
completely
harmless
to
humans
and
pets.
At
first,
we
were
skeptical
about
how
this
device
could
work
without
the
use
of
chemicals.
So,
we
decided
to
test
it
and
the
results
were
amazing.
Everyone
on
our
team
experienced
wonderful
results
after
using
Mozzy
Watch.
◆
Key
Mozzy
Watch
Features,
Facts,
and
Benefits:
□
Completely
safe
Everyone
can
use
this
device:
kids,
pregnant
women
and
even
pets.
It
uses
no
chemicals
and
the
ultrasonic
sounds
it
produces
have
been
proven
safe.
□
Comfortable
Mozzy
Watch
is
lightweight
and
stylish.
□
Rechargeable
with
long
battery
life
It
can
be
charged
using
a
normal
USB
charger
and
the
battery
can
last
up
to
one
week.
□
Improves
quality
of
sleep
No
more
annoying
buzzing
mosquito
sounds
around
your
ears.
◆
How
Much
Does
the
Mozzy
Watch
Cost?
The
Mozzy
Watch
is
just
$79.90,
which
is
more
than
worth
it,
considering
how
much
you
save
on
the
long
run.
But
it
gets
even
better!
If
you
click
on
any
of
the
promotional
discount
coupons
below,
you’ll
get
it
for
$49
AND
FREE
SHIPPING
WORLDWIDE!
◆
How
Do
I
Get
the
Mozzy
Watch?
Now
that
you
know
about
this
amazing
new
product,
order
one
from
the
official
supplier’s
website
here:
https:///mozzywatch
Enjoy
peace
of
mind
free
from
annoying
mosquitoes
and
insects!
21.
Which
would
be
the
best
heading
for
Paragraph
2?
A.
Why
Do
We
Need
Mozzy
Watch?
B.
Who
Are
Suitable
To
Wear
Mozzy
Watch?
C.
How
Does
Mozzy
Watch
Work
To
Protect
You?
D.
How
Did
Our
Team
Do
the
Test
On
Mozzy
Watch?
22.
How
does
the
author
promote
Mozzy
Watch
to
consumers?
A.
By
describing
its
stylish
design
in
detail.
B.
By
highlighting
its
unique
technical
features.
C.
By
offering
feedback
from
thousands
of
users.
D.
By
giving
special
buy-one-get-one-free
discounts.
23.
On
what
kind
of
website
would
you
probably
find
this
article?
A.
Health.
B.
Opinion.
C.
Entertainment.
D.
Sports.
【答案】21.
C
22.
B
23.
A
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了一款名为Mozzy
Watch的产品，它有驱蚊功效，并介绍了它的作用、技术原理、价格和购买方式。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段关键句“Mozzy
Watch
uses
ultrasonic
sounds
to
repel
(驱除)
mosquitoes
and
flies!
These
ultrasonic
frequencies
are
completely
harmless
to
humans
and
pets.”（Mozzy
Watch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇！这些超声波频率对人类和宠物是完全无害的。）可知，第二段介绍了Mozzy
Watch如何驱除蚊子和苍蝇并保护人类免受伤害的。“How
Does
Mozzy
Watch
Work
To
Protect
You?”意为“Mozzy
Watch是如何保护你的？”能够概括段落主旨。故选C项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Mozzy
Watch
uses
ultrasonic
sounds
to
repel
(驱除)
mosquitoes
and
flies!
These
ultrasonic
frequencies
are
completely
harmless
to
humans
and
pets.”（Mozzy
Watch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇！这些超声波频率对人类和宠物是完全无害的。）可知，第二段介绍了Mozzy
Watch使用超声波驱除蚊子和苍蝇，并对人类和宠物是完全无害的。根据第三段主旨句“Key
Mozzy
Watch
Features,
Facts,
and
Benefits”（Mozzy
Watch的主要特色、事实和优势）可知，作者在这段介绍了Mozzy
Watch的特色和优势，包括文中提到的Completely
safe（完全安全）、Comfortable（舒适的）和Improves
quality
of
sleep（改善睡眠质量）等。由此可知，作者是通过突出其独特的技术特色来向消费者推销Mozzy
Watch的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。浏览文章，根据第一段关键句“It’s
called
the
Mozzy
Watch.
It
is
a
stylish
and
comfortable
band
that
instantly
brings
peace
of
mind,
for
it
keeps
those
annoying
mosquitoes
away.”（它叫Mozzy
Watch。这是一个时尚和舒适的手环，戴上它能够立即带来大脑的平静，因为它可以让那些讨厌的蚊子远离。）可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为Mozzy
Watch的产品，它有驱蚊功效，且对人类的身体完全无害。这款产品和人的健康有关，由此可知，你可能会在健康网站上找到这篇文章。故选A项。
B
Kajal
moved
to
the
United
States
in
February
2017.
Having
previously
volunteered
for
two
years
as
an
assistant
yoga
teacher
in
her
home
country,
Kajal
was
enthusiastic
about
volunteering
and
began
looking
for
volunteer
opportunities
that
match
her
interests
on
VolunteerMatch.
“I
enjoy
volunteering
and
it’s
a
way
to
make
an
impact
in
my
new
community,”
says
Kajal.
Kajal
was
drawn
to
a
volunteer
opportunity
with
the
Meridian
International
Center
to
review
applications
on
behalf
of
the?Young
Leaders
of
the
Americas
Initiative
(YLAI).
Kajal
had
previous
experience,
and
the
position
also
afforded
her
the
opportunity
to
work
remotely.
After
connecting
with
the
opportunity
on
VolunteerMatch
and
successfully
completing
the
application
process,
Kajal
got
to
work.
Her
role
involved
reviewing
applications
from
potential
candidates
for
a
four-week
fellowship
in
the
U.S.
She
was
responsible
for
describing
the
business
ideas
presented
by
these
candidates,
assessing
the
social
impact
of
their
businesses,
and
determining
the
strength
of
candidates
to
carry
out
their
plans.
With
almost
4,000
applicants
in
2017,
Meridian
International
Center
considers
volunteers
like
Kajal
to
be
integral
(必要的)
members
of
the
team.
With
help
from
volunteers,
250
candidates
have
now
been
selected
to
take
part
in
the
program
and
will
travel
to
the
U.S.
this
fall.
Kajal
says
that
this
volunteer
opportunity
super-charged
her
existing
skills,
while
helping
her
build
new
ones
such
as
time
management,
business
analysis,
decision-making,
planning,
and
presenting.
She
is
now
looking
for
her
next
volunteer
opportunity
and
reflects
positively
on
her
experience
with
Meridian
International
Center,
“A
new
country
brings
in
a
lot
of
new
experiences
and
volunteering
helped
me
to
settle
into
a
new
environment,”
adds
Kajal.
“By
helping
others,
I
felt
needed
in
society.
Not
only
did
it
improve
my
self-esteem
(自尊),
other
people
benefited
too.
Volunteering
is
a
great
opportunity
to
improve
yourself,
others,
and
the
whole
society”.
24.
Why
did
Kajal
look
for
a
volunteering
opportunity
in
the
U.S.?
A.
She
wanted
to
do
something
for
her
new
community.
B.
She
needed
a
chance
to
meet
new
people.
C.
She
wanted
to
remember
her
yoga
class.
D.
She
needed
to
improve
her
social
skills.
25.
One
of
Kajal’s
jobs
in
YLAI
is
________.
A.
raising
the
candidates’
self-esteem
B.
building
the
candidates’
existing
skills
C.
helping
the
candidates
do
some
volunteer
work
D.
judging
the
social
impact
of
candidates’
businesses
26.
How
does
Kajal
feel
about
her
experience
with
Meridian
International
Center?
A.
Rewarding.
B.
Tiring.
C.
Relaxing.
D.
Challenging.
【答案】24.
A
25.
D
26.
A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在美国当志愿者的经历，并总结出自己在此过程中的收获。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句，““I
enjoy
volunteering
and
it’s
a
way
to
make
an
impact
in
my
new
community,”
says
Kajal.”（我喜欢做志愿者工作，它也是一种让我在我的新环境做出贡献的方式），可知，作者搬到美国后做志愿者工作，有两个原因，一是，自己喜欢；二是，想为自己新的社区做贡献。故选A。
25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第一句，“She
was
responsible
for
describing
the
business
ideas
presented
by
these
candidates,
assessing
the
social
impact
of
their
businesses,
and
determining
the
strength
of
candidates
to
carry
out
their
plans.”（她也要负责描述这些候选人呈现出的事业理想，评估他们的事业对社会的影响，并判断这些候选人执行他们计划的能力），可知，D项，“评判候选人的事业的社会影响”，属于其中任务之一。故选D。
【26题详解】
观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后一句，“By
helping
others,
I
felt
needed
in
society.
Not
only
did
it
improve
my
self-esteem
(自尊),
other
people
benefited
too.
Volunteering
is
a
great
opportunity
to
improve
yourself,
others,
and
the
whole
society.”（通过帮助其他人，我感觉到了在社会中被需要。它不仅提高了我的自尊，而且其他人也受益很多，志愿者工作是一次提升自己，他人以及整个社会的机会），可知，作者通过这次志愿者经历，收获很多。故选A。
【点睛】
C
Hundreds
of
people
die
at
sea
every
year
due
to
ship
and
airplane
accidents.
Emergency
teams
have
little
time
to
rescue
those
in
the
water
because
the
probability
of
finding
a
person
alive
fall
dramatically
after
six
hours.
Beyond
tides
and
challenging
weather
conditions,
unsteady
coastal
currents
often
make
search
and
rescue
operations
extremely
difficult.
New
insight
into
coastal
flows
gained
by
an
international
research
team
led
by
George
Haller,
Professor
of
Nonlinear
Dynamics
at
ETH
Zurich,
promises
to
enhance
the
search
and
rescue
techniques
currently
in
use.
Using
tools
from
dynamical
systems
theory
and
ocean
data,
the
team
has
developed
an
algorithm
(算法)
to
predict
where
objects
and
people
floating
in
water
will
go.
“Our
work
has
a
clear
potential
to
save
lives,”
says
Mattia
Serra,
the
first
author
of
a
study
recently
published
in
Nature
Communications.
In
today’s
rescue
operations
at
sea,
complicated
models
of
ocean
dynamics
and
weather
forecasting
are
used
to
predict
the
path
of
floating
objects.
For
fast-changing
coastal
waters,
however,
such
predictions
are
often
inaccurate
due
to
uncertain
boundaries
and
missing
data.
As
a
result,
a
search
may
be
launched
in
the
wrong
location,
causing
a
loss
of
precious
time.
Haller’s
research
team
obtained
mathematical
results
predicting
that
objects
floating
on
the
ocean’s
surface
should
gather
along
a
few
special
curves
(曲线)
which
they
call
TRansient
Attracting
Profiles
(TRAPs).
These
curves
can’t
be
seen
with
our
eyes
but
can
be
tracked
from
instant
ocean
surface
current
data
using
recent
mathematical
methods
developed
by
the
ETH
team.
This
enables
quick
and
precise
planning
of
search
paths
that
are
less
sensitive
to
uncertainties
in
the
time
and
place
of
the
accident.
In
cooperation
with
a
team
from
MIT,
the
ETH
team
tested
their
new,
TRAP-based
search
algorithm
in
two
separate
ocean
experiments
near
Martha’s
Vineyard,
which
is
on
the
northeastern
coast
of
the
United
States.
Working
from
the
same
real-time
data
available
to
the
Coast
Guard,
the
team
successfully
identified
TRAPs
in
the
region
in
real
time.
They
found
that
buoys
and
manikins
(浮标和人体模型)
thrown
in
the
water
indeed
quickly
gathered
along
these
emerging
curves.
“Of
several
competing
approaches
tested
in
this
project,
this
was
the
only
algorithm
that
consistently
found
the
right
location,”
says
Haller.
“Our
results
are
rapidly
obtained,
easy
to
interpret
and
cheap
to
perform,”
points
out
Serra.
Haller
stresses:
“Our
hope
is
that
this
method
will
become
a
standard
part
of
the
tool
kit
of
coast
guards
everywhere.”
27.
In
a
search
and
rescue
operation,
.
A.
the
survival
rate
drops
to
almost
zero
after
six
hours
B.
the
use
of
dynamics
leads
to
the
wrong
location
C.
weather
conditions
are
a
determining
factor
D.
changing
currents
present
a
challenge
28.
What
is
the
distinct
feature
of
the
new
algorithm?
A.
It
relies
on
ocean
dynamics.
B.
It
tracks
the
path
of
the
curves.
C.
It
stops
the
uncertainties
of
the
accident.
D.
It
figures
out
how
tides
change
over
time.
29.
Paragraph
5
mainly
talks
about
.
A.
the
collection
of
data
B.
the
testing
of
the
algorithm
C.
the
identification
of
the
TRAPs
D.
the
cooperation
of
two
research
teams
30.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Why
Success
Rates
of
Rescue
Operations
have
Fallen
B.
Why
Algorithms
are
Popular
in
Rescue
Operations
C.
How
Mathematics
Can
Save
Lives
at
Sea
D.
How
Coastal
Waters
Affect
Saving
Lives
【答案】27.
D
28.
B
29.
B
30.
C
【解析】
这一篇说明文。文章主要讲述通过使用数学方法在海上挽救生命。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Beyond
tides
and
challenging
weather
conditions,
unsteady
coastal
currents
often
make
search
and
rescue
operations
extremely
difficult.
”（除了潮汐和天气条件的挑战外，不稳定的水流经常使搜寻和营救措施变得极其困难。）可知，在搜寻和营救中，变化的水流呈现出挑战。故选D项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“These
curves
can’t
be
seen
with
our
eyes
but
can
be
tracked
from
instant
ocean
surface
current
data
using
recent
mathematical
methods
developed
by
the
ETH
team.
”（这些曲线不能被眼睛看到。但是通过使用由ETM小组发展的数学方法，能瞬间从海洋表面的水流数据追踪到这些曲线。）可知，新算法能追踪到曲线的路径，故选B项。
【29题详解】
段落大意题。根据第五段“the
ETH
team
tested
their
new,
TRAP-based
search
algorithm”（ETM小组基于TRAP的搜寻算法，来测试他们的新算法，。）可知，第五段主要讲述算法的测试，故选B项。
【30题详解】
标题判断题。第一段“Hundreds
of
people
die
at
sea
every
year
due
to
ship
and
airplane
accidents.”（每年成百上千的人由于船或飞机事故死在海中。）交代了文章的背景。根据第二段“the
team
has
developed
an
algorithm
to
predict
where
objects
and
people
floating
in
water
will
go.”（这个小组发展了算法，用于预测将要沉入水中的人和物。）及“recent
mathematical
methods…
enables
quick
and
precise
planning
of
search
paths”（最近的数学方法使搜寻路径变得快且精准。）可知，数学算法可以在海上精准地探测到人和物体，故文章主要讲述如何通过使用数学方法在海上挽救生命。故选C项。
D
Recently
the
term
“climate
anxiety”
has
been
used
to
better
describe
our
growing
concerns
about
climate
change.
While
there
is
evidence
that
climate
anxiety
can
be
identified
and
reliably
measured,
what’s
less
clear
is
how
it
relates
to
mental
illness.
Mental
health
providers
across
the
world
are
noting
the
presence
of
climate
anxiety
in
their
patients;
however,
the
degree
to
which
it
is
influencing
mental
illness
is
not
yet
clear,
though
evidence
addressing
this
question
is
slowly
growing.
For
years
now,
mental
health
clinicians
have
seen
climate
anxiety
influencing
presentations
of
mental
illness
in
a
variety
of
ways,
some
extreme.
Recent
studies
are
starting
to
look
at
links
between
climate
anxiety
and
mental
illness
in
larger
samples
to
help
better
understand
the
directionality
of
their
relationship.
In
a
U.S.
survey
of
more
than
340
people
published
in
2018,
climate
concerns
were
associated
with
depressive
symptoms
(症状).
Ecological
coping,
which
includes
pro-environmental
behaviors
such
as
reducing
energy
consumption,
appeared
to
be
protective
against
depression,
indicating
that
climate
concerns
and
the
poor
coping
skills
used
to
address
them
could
be
causing
depressive
symptoms.
So
who
might
be
more
at
risk
of
mental
illness
secondary
to
the
uncertainties
around
climate
change?
Unsurprisingly,
climate
anxiety
appears
higher
in
individuals
with
more
concern
about
environmental
issues
at
baseline
and
those
already
experiencing
direct
effects
of
climate
change.
Climatologists
also
face
increased
risk
given
their
in-depth
knowledge
on
the
issue
coupled
with
the
upsetting
task
of
trying
to
convey
it
to
individuals
and
governments
that
often
deny
or
downplay
it.
People
with
high
levels
of
neuroticism,
a
personality
trait
that
increases
susceptibility
to
mental
illness,
are
also
likely
to
be
at
high
risk.
Some
individuals
report
adaptive
responses
to
climate
anxiety
like
adopting
pro-environmental
behaviors
and
participating
in
collective
action,
while
others
are
unable
to
respond
behaviorally
at
all.
It’s
not
yet
clear
how
these
varying
reactions
manifest
(呈现)
on
a
population
level
and
how
they’re
influencing
humanity’s
response
to
climate
change.
However,
a
recent
survey
of
nearly
200
people
found
that,
while
climate
anxiety
was
associated
with
an
emotional
response
to
climate
change,
it
was
not
correlated
with
a
behavioral
response.
If
this
is
true
for
humanity
as
a
whole,
we
must
urgently
help
motivate
the
anxious
among
us.
Doing
so
successfully
will
require
many
approaches,
such
as
delivering
cognitive-behavioral
therapy
(认知行为疗法)
to
the
most
severely
affected
and
demonstrating
to
entire
populations
that
change
is
possible
by
better
publicizing
productive
efforts
by
organizations
to
reduce
their
carbon
footprints.
We
can’t
let
climate
anxiety
stop
us
from
responding
to
climate
change,
because
now,
more
than
ever,
we
need
action,
not
inaction.
31.
What
can
be
learned
from
the
first
two
paragraphs?
A.
Mental
illness
may
increase
the
risk
of
climate
anxiety.
B.
Reducing
energy
consumption
can
help
treat
depression.
C.
Failure
to
handle
climate
anxiety
may
cause
depressive
symptoms.
D.
The
influence
of
climate
anxiety
on
mental
illness
can
be
measured.
32.
The
underlined
phrase
“secondary
to”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
means
.
A.
as
a
result
of
B.
less
important
than
C.
as
serious
as
D.
regardless
of
33.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
effective
in
helping
the
anxious
overcome
climate
anxiety?
A.
Publicizing
the
latest
research
on
climate
anxiety.
B.
Funding
studies
into
cognitive-behavioral
therapies.
C.
Delivering
speeches
to
anxious
people
on
a
regular
basis.
D.
Informing
the
public
of
practical
ways
to
live
a
greener
life.
34.
What
is
the
purpose
of
this
passage?
A.
To
reveal
consequences
of
climate
anxiety.
B.
To
show
new
findings
about
climate
anxiety.
C.
To
compare
climate
anxiety
and
mental
illness.
D.
To
demand
care
for
those
experiencing
climate
anxiety.
【答案】31.
C
32.
A
33.
D
34.
D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，并呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“In
a
U.S.
survey
of
more
than
340
people
published
in
2018,
climate
concerns
were
associated
with
depressive
symptoms
(症状).
Ecological
coping,
which
includes
pro-environmental
behaviors
such
as
reducing
energy
consumption,
appeared
to
be
protective
against
depression,
indicating
that
climate
concerns
and
the
poor
coping
skills
used
to
address
them
could
be
causing
depressive
symptoms.”（在美国2018年公布的一项针对340多人的调查中，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关。生态应对，包括减少能源消耗等有利于环境的行为，似乎对抑郁症有保护作用，这表明气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。）可知，对气候的担忧与抑郁症状有关，气候担忧和处理这些问题的不当方法可能导致抑郁症。由此可知，通过前两段的内容我们可以得知，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。故选C项。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。上文介绍了未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状，根据第三段关键句“Unsurprisingly,
climate
anxiety
appears
higher
in
individuals
with
more
concern
about
environmental
issues
at
baseline
and
those
already
experiencing
direct
effects
of
climate
change.”（毋庸置疑，在基准状态下对环境问题更为关注的人和那些已经经历了气候变化直接影响的人中，气候焦虑似乎出现的比例更高。）可知，后文介绍的是由于气候变化，哪些人更容易患上气候焦虑。由此可知，画线短语所在句提出的问题是“由于气候变化的不确定性，谁更容易患上精神疾病呢？”“as
a
result
of”意为“由于”，符合句意，能够表示画线短语的意思。故选A项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“If
this
is
true
for
humanity
as
a
whole,
we
must
urgently
help
motivate
the
anxious
among
us.
Doing
so
successfully
will
require
many
approaches,
such
as
delivering
cognitive-behavioral
therapy
(认知行为疗法)
to
the
most
severely
affected
and
demonstrating
to
entire
populations
that
change
is
possible
by
better
publicizing
productive
efforts
by
organizations
to
reduce
their
carbon
footprints.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。成功地做到这一点需要许多方法，例如向受影响最严重的人提供认知行为疗法，并向全体民众表明，通过各组织更好地宣传为减少碳足迹所作的富有成效的努力，改变是可能的。）可知，要想帮助我们中间气候焦虑的人，可以通过向全体民众宣传减少碳足迹的方式，改变是可能的。由此可知，可能有效帮助焦虑者克服气候焦虑的方法是让公众知道如何过上更环保的生活。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现，未能处理气候焦虑可能导致抑郁症状。根据最后一段关键句“If
this
is
true
for
humanity
as
a
whole,
we
must
urgently
help
motivate
the
anxious
among
us.”（如果这对整个人类来说是真的，我们必须紧急地帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人。）可知，作者在文章中呼吁人们必须紧急地帮助我们中间有气候焦虑的人。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们关心那些经历气候焦虑的人。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have
you
ever
been
labeled
a
“perfectionist”?
Or
do
you
consider
yourself
to
be
one?
It’s
attractive
to
see
perfectionism
as
a
positive
quality—it
shows
that
we
pay
close
attention
to
detail
and
get
things
right!
And,
it
is
often
viewed
as
a
strength
that
helps
people
to
produce
high-quality
work.
____35____
It
can
damage
self-esteem,
cause
relationship
problems,
and,
in
extreme
cases,
it
may
even
lead
to
serious
health
problems.
If
you
think
that
you
have
a
problem
with
perfectionism,
the
following
strategies
can
help
you
to
lessen
its
negative
effects.
Set
realistic
goals.
____36____
Instead,
learn
to
think
about
your
most
important
life
and
career
goals.
Then,
break
them
down
into
smaller
steps.
Not
only
will
this
make
it
easier
to
reach
your
objectives,
but
you’ll
also
experience
the
thrill
of
achieving
them.
____37____
If
you’re
feeling
anxious
or
unhappy
about
a
task,
they
may
be
telling
you
that
you’re
trying
to
achieve
the
impossible.
And
adjust
your
targets
accordingly!
Perfectionists
are
often
likely
to
start
negative
self-talk.
If
you
catch
yourself
doing
this,
stop!
Try
using
thought
awareness
to
question
your
negative
thoughts
and
add
some
positivity!
Focus
on
the
bigger
picture.
Perfectionism
can
cause
“tunnel
vision”—when
you
focus
on
one
small
part
of
something
but
ignore
the
rest.
You
might,
for
instance,
focus
on
getting
a
minor
part
of
a
presentation
right,
like
the
special
effects,
instead
of
concentrating
on
the
meaning
that
you
are
trying
to
deliver.
Remember
to
keep
your
focus
on
the
bigger
picture.
____38____
Relax
and
go
with
the
flow.
The
pursuit
of
perfection
can
make
it
extremely
difficult
to
relax.
And
perfectionists
prefer
to
maintain
focus
and
to
stick
to
their
carefully
laid
plans.
But
relaxation
isn’t
just
necessary
for
a
healthy
life.
It
can
also
improve
your
productivity
and
well-being.
And
you’ll
be
better
at
keeping
perfectionism
under
control
if
you’re
feeling
rested,
clear-headed
and
happy.
____39____
Get
outside,
be
open
to
new
experiences
and
new
people,
make
use
of
relaxation
techniques,
and
recognize
when
you
need
to
switch
off.
Most
of
all,
don’t
allow
perfectionism
or
fear
of
failure
to
stop
you
from
experiencing
new
things.
Be
open
to
new
ways
of
thinking,
new
people,
and
new
experiences.
You
might
just
find
that
letting
go
actually
boosts
your
well-being,
your
relationships,
and
your
performance.
A.
Listen
to
your
emotions.
B.
So,
take
regular
breaks
at
work.
C.
Seek
advice
from
qualified
health
professionals.
D.
Your
failings
will
seem
less
significant
and
you’ll
reduce
the
urge
to
be
perfect.
E.
However,
when
perfectionism
gets
out
of
control,
it
can
do
more
harm
than
good.
F.
Perfectionists
often
set
objectives
so
high
that
there’s
little
hope
of
ever
achieving
them.
G.
If
you’re
afraid
to
make
mistakes,
it’s
difficult
to
generate
new
ideas
and
seize
opportunities.
【答案】35.
E
36.
F
37.
A
38.
D
39.
B
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种减少完美主义带来的负面影响的办法。
35题详解】
根据下文“It
can
damage
self-esteem,
cause
relationship
problems,
and,
in
extreme
cases,
it
may
even
lead
to
serious
health
problems.
(它会损害自尊，引起人际关系问题，在极端情况下，甚至可能导致严重的健康问题。)”可知，下文说的是完美主义面临的问题。E项意为“然而，当完美主义失去控制时，弊大于利。”选项内容能够引起下文，且与上文介绍的完美主义的优点形成转折关系。故选E。
【36题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Set
realistic
goals.(设定现实的目标。)”可知，本段讲述的是要想减少完美主义的负面影响，可以通过设定现实的目标。根据下文“Instead,
learn
to
think
about
your
most
important
life
and
career
goals.
(相反，学会思考你最重要的人生和职业目标。)”可知，下文说的是如何设定现实的目标。F项意为“完美主义者往往把目标定得太高，以至于实现目标的希望渺茫。”选项内容符合段落主旨，说出了完美主义者在设定目标时出现的问题，下文针对这个问题给出了解决方法。故选F。
【37题详解】
空格处为段落主旨句。根据下文“If
you’re
feeling
anxious
or
unhappy
about
a
task,
they
may
be
telling
you
that
you’re
trying
to
achieve
the
impossible.
And
adjust
your
targets
accordingly!
(如果你对一项任务感到焦虑或不高兴，他们可能会告诉你，你正试图实现不可能的目标。在这种情况下要调整你的目标！)”可知，本段介绍了我们情绪的变化会告诉我们所制定的目标是否合理。A项意为“倾听你的情绪。”选项内容能够概括段落主旨，告诉我们倾听情绪的重要性，下文中的“anxious
or
unhappy”是对选项中的“emotions”的举例。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Perfectionism
can
cause
“tunnel
vision”—when
you
focus
on
one
small
part
of
something
but
ignore
the
rest.
(完美主义会导致“视野狭隘”——当你专注于某件事的一小部分时，却忽略了其余的部分。)”和“Remember
to
keep
your
focus
on
the
bigger
picture.
(记住要把注意力放在大局上。)”可知，本段告诉我们要把注意力放在大局上，避免完美主义导致的“视野狭隘”。D项意为“你的失败会显得不那么重要，你会减少追求完美的冲动。”选项内容能够承接上文，如果我们能够做到把注意力放在大局上，就会减少追求完美的冲动。故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“But
relaxation
isn’t
just
necessary
for
a
healthy
life.
It
can
also
improve
your
productivity
and
well-being.
And
you’ll
be
better
at
keeping
perfectionism
under
control
if
you’re
feeling
rested,
clear-headed
and
happy.
(但放松不仅仅是健康生活所必需的。它还可以提高你的工作效率和健康。如果你感到精神振作、头脑清醒和快乐，你会更好地控制完美主义。)”可知，本段告诉我们放松有助于提高工作效率，可以让你更好地控制完美主义。B项意为“所以，在工作中定时休息。”选项内容与上文为因果关系，正因为放松有助于提高工作效率，所以应该在工作中定时休息。故选B。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，
共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Two
hundred
years
ago,
a
device
began
to
dominate
the
world
of
work—the
clock.
With
its
arrival,
people
were
paid
on
the
basis
of
how
many
hours
they
worked,
rather
than
their
material
output,
and
were
required
by
the
owner
to
turn
up
for
a
set
shift.
The
clock’s
authoritarian
rule
may
at
last
be
weakening.
Working
remotely
has
brought
a
greater
degree
of
freedom.
A
survey
across
six
countries
found
that
flexible
working
was
viewed
very
positively,
improving
both
people’s
work-life
balance
and
productivity.
Flexible
workers
even
scored
more
highly
on
a
sense
of
“belonging”
to
their
organization
than
those
on
a
nine-to-five
schedule.
It
is
hardly
surprising
that
workers
prefer
flexibility.
Working
a
rigid
eight-hour
schedule
is
incredibly
restricting.
Those
are
also
the
hours
when
most
shops
are
open,
when
doctors
and
dentists
will
take
appointments,
and
when
repairmen
are
willing
to
visit.
Parents
on
a
conventional
routine
may
be
able
to
take
their
children
to
school
in
the
morning
but
are
unlikely
to
be
able
to
pick
them
up
in
the
afternoon.
Many
families
find
themselves
constantly
struggling
with
schedules
and
giving
up
precious
holiday
time
to
deal
with
domestic
emergencies.
On
reflection,
it
is
not
too
shocking
that
home-workers
feel
they
are
more
productive.
After
all,
few
people
have
the
ability
to
concentrate
solidly
for
eight
hours
at
a
stretch.
There
are
points
in
the
day
where
people
want
to
stare
out
of
the
window
or
go
for
a
walk;
these
may
be
moments
when
they
find
inspiration
or
recharge
themselves
for
the
next
task.
When
they
do
this
in
an
office,
they
risk
the
boss’s
disapproval;
at
home,
they
can
work
when
they
are
most
motivated.
Of
course,
working
remotely
carries
dangers:
people
may
lose
all
separation
between
work
and
home
life,
and
are
likely
to
be
stressed.
To
inject
some
human
contact,
companies
may
embrace
a
mixed
model
in
which
workers
go
into
the
office
for
part
of
the
week.
But
overall,
office-workers’
freedom
from
time
restrictions
is
to
be
welcomed.
The
clock
was
a
cruel
master
and
many
people
will
be
happy
to
escape
its
dominion.
40.
What
decided
the
workers’
pay
after
the
clock
appeared?
41.
Please
paraphrase
the
underlined
sentence
in
your
own
words.
42.
Please
decide
which
part
of
the
following
statement
is
false,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
Working
remotely
is
viewed
positively
because
it
brings
lots
of
benefits
and
it
is
perfect.
43.
As
a
student,
what
do
you
think
of
remote
learning?
(about
40
words)
【答案】40.
The
number
of
hours
they
worked.
41.
People’s
lives
are
greatly
restricted
by
the
fixed
working
hours.
42.
Working
remotely
is
viewed
positively
because
it
brings
lots
of
benefits
and
it
is
perfect.
According
to
the
passage,
remote
working
also
has
its
drawbacks,
such
as
making
people
lose
all
separation
between
work
and
home
life,
and
making
people
feel
stressed.
43.
言之有理即可
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自钟表发明之后，工人的工资由工作时间来决定。又详细说明了固定工作时间的缺点及远程工作时间的优缺点。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中“With
its
arrival,
people
were
paid
on
the
basis
of
how
many
hours
they
worked（随着它的到来，人们的工资是根据他们的工作时间来支付的，）”可知，钟表出现之后，决定工人工资的是他们的工作时间，故答案为：The
number
of
hours
they
worked.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。划线句子是一个主系表结构，意为“严格的八小时工作时间表是难以置信的限制。”可推断，工人的生活被这种固定的工作时间牢牢地限制住了，故答案为：People’s
lives
are
greatly
restricted
by
the
fixed
working
hours.
【42题详解】
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段第一句“On
reflection,
it
is
not
too
shocking
that
home-workers
feel
they
are
more
productive.（仔细想想，在家工作的人觉得自己的工作效率更高，这并不太令人震惊。）”及该段所述在家工作的好处可知，远程工作（在家工作）是非常受欢迎的一种工作方式，因为它带来了很多的益处；然而根据最后一段第一句话“Of
course,
working
remotely
carries
dangers（当然，远程工作也有危险）”可知，远程工作也有弊端，因此它并不是完美（perfect）的，所以该陈述中错误的部分是：perfect。最后一段中“people
may
lose
all
separation
between
work
and
home
life,
and
are
likely
to
be
stressed.（人们可能会失去工作和家庭生活之间的所有分离，并可能会感到压力。）”列举出了远程工作的缺点。所以陈述理由为：According
to
the
passage,
remote
working
also
has
its
drawbacks,
such
as
making
people
lose
all
separation
between
work
and
home
life,
and
making
people
feel
stressed.（根据文章，远程工作也有它的缺点，例如使人们失去工作和家庭生活的所有分离，使人们感到压力。）
【43题详解】
考查语言表达。文章介绍了固定办公时间和灵活办公时间的优缺点，考生可以根据文章内容任选一方面来陈述远程学习的优点或缺点。只要言之有理即可。参考答案：In
my
opinion,
students
can
greatly
benefit
from
the
remote
learning.
Firstly,
you
can
learn
more
useful
knowledge
that
you
can
not
obtain
from
regular
school
teaching.
Secondly,
you
can
choose
the
time
when
you
will
study,
which
means
that
if
you
are
in
bad
mental
state,
you
can
adjust
your
study
time.
第二节（20分）
44.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim曾经在你校读书，想了解学校有哪些变化，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.
学校的变化；
2.
你的感受。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
【答案】Dear
Jim,
I’m
more
than
elated
to
inform
you
of
some
changes
in
our
school
at
your
request.
Renovated
in
2019,
the
main
buildings
now
have
a
modern
feel,
with
dark
orange
walls
and
white
borders.
Meanwhile,
the
whole
campus
is
bursting
with
vigor,
full
of
recently-planted
trees
and
flowers.
Hardware
facilities
have
been
upgraded,
including
new
blackboards
and
computers
in
the
classrooms.
The
school
library,
which
has
been
under
repair
during
the
last
three
months,
will
reopen
next
week.
It
is
said
that
the
library
will
seat
more
students
and
the
librarians
have
restocked
the
library
shelves
with
large
quantities
of
new
books.
I
am
glad
to
witness
these
changes.
They
have
provided
us
a
better
place
to
study
and
live.
Frankly
speaking,
I
will
have
a
hard
time
leaving
after
graduation.
All
the
best.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国好友Jim写封邮件，向他介绍学校的变化。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在完成时。
结构：三步法
第一步写来信目的（略写）；第二步写学校变化（详写）；第三步表达自身感受（略写）。
要求：
1.
学校的变化；
2.
自己的感受。
第二步:列提纲
（重点词组）
more
than
elated,
at
your
request,
be
bursting
with,
under
repair,
be
full
of,
quantities
of,
be
glad
to
do
sth.,
provide
sb.
sth.,
frankly
speaking.
第三步：连词成句
1.
I’m
more
than
elated
to
inform
you
of
some
changes
in
our
school
at
your
request.
2.
The
whole
campus
is
bursting
with
vigor,
full
of
recently-planted
trees
and
flowers.
3.
The
school
library,
which
has
been
under
repair
during
the
last
three
months,
will
reopen
next
week.
4.
It
is
said
that
the
library
will
seat
more
students
and
the
librarians
have
restocked
the
library
shelves
with
large
quantities
of
new
books.
5.
Frankly
speaking,
I
will
have
a
hard
time
leaving
after
graduation.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表并列补充关系：Meanwhile,
including.
2.表转折对比关系：However,
On
the
contrary,
but,
Although+clause(从句),
In
spite
of+n/doing(供参考)
3.表因果关系：Because,
As,
So,
Thus,
Therefore,
As
a
result（供参考）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，确保文章句式的多样性。
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The
school
library,
which
has
been
under
repair
during
the
last
three
months,
will
reopen
next
week.
（该句中的which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the
school
library）
[高分句型2]
It
is
said
that
the
library
will
seat
more
students
and
the
librarians
have
restocked
the
library
shelves
with
large
quantities
of
new
books.（该句中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，其中，动词短语restock…with…的用法非常地道）北京市西城区2020—2021学年度第一学期期末试卷
高三英语
本试卷共14页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Past
the
breakers,
about
50
feet
from
shore,
two
brothers
were
fighting
for
their
lives.
They
had
been
swept
out
to
sea
in
a
strong
current,
their
mouths
barely
able
to
stay
above
the
___1___.
Thick
fog
made
it
difficult
for
beachgoers
to
see
the
guys,
but
the
screams
were
unmistakable.
And
every
second
counted.
___2___,
four
surfers
in
wet
suits
were
nearby.
Narayan
Weibel,
Spenser
Stratton,
Adrian
York
and
Taj
Ortiz-Beck,
all
16,
were
on
their
surfboards
riding
up
and
down
the
coast
on
five-foot
waves
when
they
heard
the
___3___.
They
turned
and
saw
two
bobbing
(摆动)
heads
and
four
flailing
(扑打)
arms.
“We
looked
at
each
other
and
knew
these
guys
were
about
to
drown
(淹死),”
Weibel
told
the
reporter.
Weibel,
Stratton,
and
Ortiz-Beck
paddled
(用桨划)
toward
the
swimmers
while
York
headed
to
shore
to
find
someone
to
call
911.
He
then
dived
back
in
to
___4___
his
friends.
As
the
surfers
drew
close,
the
brothers
were
___5___.
Ortiz-Beck
pulled
up
alongside
the
one
brother.
Grabbing
him
under
his
arms,
he
pulled
him
up
onto
his
board.
Stratton
and
Weibel,
meanwhile,
were
trying
to
help
the
other.
He
was
large,
250
to
300
pounds,
and
he
was
panicked.
“Calm
down—we
___6___
you!”
Weibel
shouted.
York
arrived
___7___
to
help
get
the
guy
on
top
of
the
second
board.
They
then
paddled
several
minutes
through
a
wild
current
to
the
medical
help
waiting
onshore.
The
brothers
were
scared
but
___8___.
“When
we
get
a
call
like
this
one,
it’s
usually
too
___9___
by
the
time
we
get
there,”
says
Dillon
Cleavenger,
the
lifeguard,
“I
can’t
say
enough
about
what
these
boys
did.
They
were
willing
and
prepared
to
____10____
their
lives.”
1.
A.
board
B.
water
C.
ship
D.
shore
2.
A.
Luckily
B.
Surprisingly
C.
Surely
D.
Gradually
3.
A.
news
B.
stories
C.
words
D.
cries
4.
A.
invite
B.
guide
C.
help
D.
greet
5.
A.
striking
B.
struggling
C.
strengthening
D.
stretching
6.
A.
met
B.
got
C.
knew
D.
followed
7.
A.
in
fear
B.
in
turn
C.
in
time
D.
in
advance
8.
A.
proud
B.
strong
C.
satisfied
D.
fine
9.
A.
late
B.
busy
C.
far
D.
difficult
10.
A.
save
B.
change
C.
risk
D.
share
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
It
was
my
first
night
out
in
that
city,
and
when
I
saw
the
last
bus
home
disappearing
round
the
corner,
I
knew
I
had
a
problem.
It
was
cold
and
I
couldn’t
afford
a
taxi,
____11____
I
didn’t
want
to
bother
my
host
family
by
asking
them
to
pick
me
up.
So
I
set
off
on
foot,
____12____
(tell)
myself
it
would
only
take
me
an
hour
or
so.
Four
hours
later,
I
was
still
walking.
I
was
soaked
(湿透的)
through
and
my
hands
were
frozen.
When
I
eventually
reached
the
house,
the
family
said
how
____13____
(worry)
they’d
been,
and
asked
why
I
hadn’t
phoned.
By
then
I
wished
I
had.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The
United
Nations
Children’s
Fund,
also
known
as
UNICEF,
is
a
United
Nations
organization
based
in
New
York.
It
offers
help
needed
by
children
all
over
the
world.
UNICEF
____14____
(found)
on
11
December,
1946
to
provide
food
and
healthcare
to
children
in
countries
damaged
in
World
War
II.
Since
1953,
UNICEF
____15____
(take)
up
an
extended
mission
to
help
children
in
the
developing
world,
including
those
living
with
disease
or
disabilities,
and
those
affected
by
rapid
modernization
and
environmental
____16____
(problem).
Now,
UNICEF
has
been
working
____17____
(improve)
the
lives
of
children
and
their
families
across
190
countries
and
territories.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Online
eating
shows,
or
Mukbang,
originated
in
South
Korea
and
have
gained
___18___
(popular)
globally.
Many
hosts
of
such
shows
become
popular
for
their
ability
to
eat
large
amounts
of
food.
But
these
shows
have
also
received
criticism
____19____
their
waste
of
food.
On
Aug.
12,
CCTV
exposed
several
Chinese
hosts
who
were
pretending
to
eat
large
amounts
of
food
while
on
camera,
but
actually
later
threw
it
away.
To
discourage
this
practice,
many
video
and
livestreaming
platforms,
including
Douyin,
Kuaishou
and
Bilibili,
have
removed
videos
____20____
show
food
waste,
and
have
promoted
messages
to
“stop
food
waste
and
eat
reasonably”.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
◆
What
Are
We
Talking
About?
It’s
called
the
Mozzy
Watch.
It
is
a
stylish
and
comfortable
band
that
instantly
brings
peace
of
mind,
for
it
keeps
those
annoying
mosquitoes
away.
It
is
made
of
a
hardened
ceramic
material,
so
it
is
very
tough
and
almost
unbreakable.
But
how
this
device
protects
you
against
annoying
insects
is
truly
amazing…
◆
__________________________________________
Mozzy
Watch
uses
ultrasonic
sounds
to
repel
(驱除)
mosquitoes
and
flies!
These
ultrasonic
frequencies
are
completely
harmless
to
humans
and
pets.
At
first,
we
were
skeptical
about
how
this
device
could
work
without
the
use
of
chemicals.
So,
we
decided
to
test
it
and
the
results
were
amazing.
Everyone
on
our
team
experienced
wonderful
results
after
using
Mozzy
Watch.
◆
Key
Mozzy
Watch
Features,
Facts,
and
Benefits:
□
Completely
safe
Everyone
can
use
this
device:
kids,
pregnant
women
and
even
pets.
It
uses
no
chemicals
and
the
ultrasonic
sounds
it
produces
have
been
proven
safe.
□
Comfortable
Mozzy
Watch
is
lightweight
and
stylish.
□
Rechargeable
with
long
battery
life
It
can
be
charged
using
a
normal
USB
charger
and
the
battery
can
last
up
to
one
week.
□
Improves
quality
of
sleep
No
more
annoying
buzzing
mosquito
sounds
around
your
ears.
◆
How
Much
Does
the
Mozzy
Watch
Cost?
The
Mozzy
Watch
is
just
$79.90,
which
is
more
than
worth
it,
considering
how
much
you
save
on
the
long
run.
But
it
gets
even
better!
If
you
click
on
any
of
the
promotional
discount
coupons
below,
you’ll
get
it
for
$49
AND
FREE
SHIPPING
WORLDWIDE!
◆
How
Do
I
Get
the
Mozzy
Watch?
Now
that
you
know
about
this
amazing
new
product,
order
one
from
the
official
supplier’s
website
here:
https:///mozzywatch
Enjoy
peace
of
mind
free
from
annoying
mosquitoes
and
insects!
21.
Which
would
be
the
best
heading
for
Paragraph
2?
A.
Why
Do
We
Need
Mozzy
Watch?
B.
Who
Are
Suitable
To
Wear
Mozzy
Watch?
C.
How
Does
Mozzy
Watch
Work
To
Protect
You?
D.
How
Did
Our
Team
Do
the
Test
On
Mozzy
Watch?
22.
How
does
the
author
promote
Mozzy
Watch
to
consumers?
A.
By
describing
its
stylish
design
in
detail.
B.
By
highlighting
its
unique
technical
features.
C.
By
offering
feedback
from
thousands
of
users.
D.
By
giving
special
buy-one-get-one-free
discounts.
23.
On
what
kind
of
website
would
you
probably
find
this
article?
A.
Health.
B.
Opinion.
C.
Entertainment.
D.
Sports.
B
Kajal
moved
to
the
United
States
in
February
2017.
Having
previously
volunteered
for
two
years
as
an
assistant
yoga
teacher
in
her
home
country,
Kajal
was
enthusiastic
about
volunteering
and
began
looking
for
volunteer
opportunities
that
match
her
interests
on
VolunteerMatch.
“I
enjoy
volunteering
and
it’s
a
way
to
make
an
impact
in
my
new
community,”
says
Kajal.
Kajal
was
drawn
to
a
volunteer
opportunity
with
the
Meridian
International
Center
to
review
applications
on
behalf
of
the?Young
Leaders
of
the
Americas
Initiative
(YLAI).
Kajal
had
previous
experience,
and
the
position
also
afforded
her
the
opportunity
to
work
remotely.
After
connecting
with
the
opportunity
on
VolunteerMatch
and
successfully
completing
the
application
process,
Kajal
got
to
work.
Her
role
involved
reviewing
applications
from
potential
candidates
for
a
four-week
fellowship
in
the
U.S.
She
was
responsible
for
describing
the
business
ideas
presented
by
these
candidates,
assessing
the
social
impact
of
their
businesses,
and
determining
the
strength
of
candidates
to
carry
out
their
plans.
With
almost
4,000
applicants
in
2017,
Meridian
International
Center
considers
volunteers
like
Kajal
to
be
integral
(必要的)
members
of
the
team.
With
help
from
volunteers,
250
candidates
have
now
been
selected
to
take
part
in
the
program
and
will
travel
to
the
U.S.
this
fall.
Kajal
says
that
this
volunteer
opportunity
super-charged
her
existing
skills,
while
helping
her
build
new
ones
such
as
time
management,
business
analysis,
decision-making,
planning,
and
presenting.
She
is
now
looking
for
her
next
volunteer
opportunity
and
reflects
positively
on
her
experience
with
Meridian
International
Center,
“A
new
country
brings
in
a
lot
of
new
experiences
and
volunteering
helped
me
to
settle
into
a
new
environment,”
adds
Kajal.
“By
helping
others,
I
felt
needed
in
society.
Not
only
did
it
improve
my
self-esteem
(自尊),
other
people
benefited
too.
Volunteering
is
a
great
opportunity
to
improve
yourself,
others,
and
the
whole
society”.
24.
Why
did
Kajal
look
for
a
volunteering
opportunity
in
the
U.S.?
A.
She
wanted
to
do
something
for
her
new
community.
B.
She
needed
a
chance
to
meet
new
people.
C.
She
wanted
to
remember
her
yoga
class.
D.
She
needed
to
improve
her
social
skills.
25.
One
of
Kajal’s
jobs
in
YLAI
is
________.
A.
raising
the
candidates’
self-esteem
B.
building
the
candidates’
existing
skills
C.
helping
the
candidates
do
some
volunteer
work
D.
judging
the
social
impact
of
candidates’
businesses
26.
How
does
Kajal
feel
about
her
experience
with
Meridian
International
Center?
A.
Rewarding.
B.
Tiring.
C.
Relaxing.
D.
Challenging.
C
Hundreds
of
people
die
at
sea
every
year
due
to
ship
and
airplane
accidents.
Emergency
teams
have
little
time
to
rescue
those
in
the
water
because
the
probability
of
finding
a
person
alive
fall
dramatically
after
six
hours.
Beyond
tides
and
challenging
weather
conditions,
unsteady
coastal
currents
often
make
search
and
rescue
operations
extremely
difficult.
New
insight
into
coastal
flows
gained
by
an
international
research
team
led
by
George
Haller,
Professor
of
Nonlinear
Dynamics
at
ETH
Zurich,
promises
to
enhance
the
search
and
rescue
techniques
currently
in
use.
Using
tools
from
dynamical
systems
theory
and
ocean
data,
the
team
has
developed
an
algorithm
(算法)
to
predict
where
objects
and
people
floating
in
water
will
go.
“Our
work
has
a
clear
potential
to
save
lives,”
says
Mattia
Serra,
the
first
author
of
a
study
recently
published
in
Nature
Communications.
In
today’s
rescue
operations
at
sea,
complicated
models
of
ocean
dynamics
and
weather
forecasting
are
used
to
predict
the
path
of
floating
objects.
For
fast-changing
coastal
waters,
however,
such
predictions
are
often
inaccurate
due
to
uncertain
boundaries
and
missing
data.
As
a
result,
a
search
may
be
launched
in
the
wrong
location,
causing
a
loss
of
precious
time.
Haller’s
research
team
obtained
mathematical
results
predicting
that
objects
floating
on
the
ocean’s
surface
should
gather
along
a
few
special
curves
(曲线)
which
they
call
TRansient
Attracting
Profiles
(TRAPs).
These
curves
can’t
be
seen
with
our
eyes
but
can
be
tracked
from
instant
ocean
surface
current
data
using
recent
mathematical
methods
developed
by
the
ETH
team.
This
enables
quick
and
precise
planning
of
search
paths
that
are
less
sensitive
to
uncertainties
in
the
time
and
place
of
the
accident.
In
cooperation
with
a
team
from
MIT,
the
ETH
team
tested
their
new,
TRAP-based
search
algorithm
in
two
separate
ocean
experiments
near
Martha’s
Vineyard,
which
is
on
the
northeastern
coast
of
the
United
States.
Working
from
the
same
real-time
data
available
to
the
Coast
Guard,
the
team
successfully
identified
TRAPs
in
the
region
in
real
time.
They
found
that
buoys
and
manikins
(浮标和人体模型)
thrown
in
the
water
indeed
quickly
gathered
along
these
emerging
curves.
“Of
several
competing
approaches
tested
in
this
project,
this
was
the
only
algorithm
that
consistently
found
the
right
location,”
says
Haller.
“Our
results
are
rapidly
obtained,
easy
to
interpret
and
cheap
to
perform,”
points
out
Serra.
Haller
stresses:
“Our
hope
is
that
this
method
will
become
a
standard
part
of
the
tool
kit
of
coast
guards
everywhere.”
27.
In
a
search
and
rescue
operation,
.
A.
the
survival
rate
drops
to
almost
zero
after
six
hours
B.
the
use
of
dynamics
leads
to
the
wrong
location
C.
weather
conditions
are
a
determining
factor
D.
changing
currents
present
a
challenge
28.
What
is
the
distinct
feature
of
the
new
algorithm?
A.
It
relies
on
ocean
dynamics.
B.
It
tracks
the
path
of
the
curves.
C.
It
stops
the
uncertainties
of
the
accident.
D.
It
figures
out
how
tides
change
over
time.
29.
Paragraph
5
mainly
talks
about
.
A.
the
collection
of
data
B.
the
testing
of
the
algorithm
C.
the
identification
of
the
TRAPs
D.
the
cooperation
of
two
research
teams
30.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
Why
Success
Rates
of
Rescue
Operations
have
Fallen
B.
Why
Algorithms
are
Popular
in
Rescue
Operations
C.
How
Mathematics
Can
Save
Lives
at
Sea
D
How
Coastal
Waters
Affect
Saving
Lives
D
Recently
the
term
“climate
anxiety”
has
been
used
to
better
describe
our
growing
concerns
about
climate
change.
While
there
is
evidence
that
climate
anxiety
can
be
identified
and
reliably
measured,
what’s
less
clear
is
how
it
relates
to
mental
illness.
Mental
health
providers
across
the
world
are
noting
the
presence
of
climate
anxiety
in
their
patients;
however,
the
degree
to
which
it
is
influencing
mental
illness
is
not
yet
clear,
though
evidence
addressing
this
question
is
slowly
growing.
For
years
now,
mental
health
clinicians
have
seen
climate
anxiety
influencing
presentations
of
mental
illness
in
a
variety
of
ways,
some
extreme.
Recent
studies
are
starting
to
look
at
links
between
climate
anxiety
and
mental
illness
in
larger
samples
to
help
better
understand
the
directionality
of
their
relationship.
In
a
U.S.
survey
of
more
than
340
people
published
in
2018,
climate
concerns
were
associated
with
depressive
symptoms
(症状).
Ecological
coping,
which
includes
pro-environmental
behaviors
such
as
reducing
energy
consumption,
appeared
to
be
protective
against
depression,
indicating
that
climate
concerns
and
the
poor
coping
skills
used
to
address
them
could
be
causing
depressive
symptoms.
So
who
might
be
more
at
risk
of
mental
illness
secondary
to
the
uncertainties
around
climate
change?
Unsurprisingly,
climate
anxiety
appears
higher
in
individuals
with
more
concern
about
environmental
issues
at
baseline
and
those
already
experiencing
direct
effects
of
climate
change.
Climatologists
also
face
increased
risk
given
their
in-depth
knowledge
on
the
issue
coupled
with
the
upsetting
task
of
trying
to
convey
it
to
individuals
and
governments
that
often
deny
or
downplay
it.
People
with
high
levels
of
neuroticism,
a
personality
trait
that
increases
susceptibility
to
mental
illness,
are
also
likely
to
be
at
high
risk.
Some
individuals
report
adaptive
responses
to
climate
anxiety
like
adopting
pro-environmental
behaviors
and
participating
in
collective
action,
while
others
are
unable
to
respond
behaviorally
at
all.
It’s
not
yet
clear
how
these
varying
reactions
manifest
(呈现)
on
a
population
level
and
how
they’re
influencing
humanity’s
response
to
climate
change.
However,
a
recent
survey
of
nearly
200
people
found
that,
while
climate
anxiety
was
associated
with
an
emotional
response
to
climate
change,
it
was
not
correlated
with
a
behavioral
response.
If
this
is
true
for
humanity
as
a
whole,
we
must
urgently
help
motivate
the
anxious
among
us.
Doing
so
successfully
will
require
many
approaches,
such
as
delivering
cognitive-behavioral
therapy
(认知行为疗法)
to
the
most
severely
affected
and
demonstrating
to
entire
populations
that
change
is
possible
by
better
publicizing
productive
efforts
by
organizations
to
reduce
their
carbon
footprints.
We
can’t
let
climate
anxiety
stop
us
from
responding
to
climate
change,
because
now,
more
than
ever,
we
need
action,
not
inaction.
31.
What
can
be
learned
from
the
first
two
paragraphs?
A.
Mental
illness
may
increase
the
risk
of
climate
anxiety.
B.
Reducing
energy
consumption
can
help
treat
depression.
C.
Failure
to
handle
climate
anxiety
may
cause
depressive
symptoms.
D.
The
influence
of
climate
anxiety
on
mental
illness
can
be
measured.
32.
The
underlined
phrase
“secondary
to”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
means
.
A.
as
a
result
of
B.
less
important
than
C.
as
serious
as
D.
regardless
of
33.
Which
of
the
following
might
be
effective
in
helping
the
anxious
overcome
climate
anxiety?
A.
Publicizing
the
latest
research
on
climate
anxiety.
B.
Funding
studies
into
cognitive-behavioral
therapies.
C.
Delivering
speeches
to
anxious
people
on
a
regular
basis.
D.
Informing
the
public
of
practical
ways
to
live
a
greener
life.
34.
What
is
the
purpose
of
this
passage?
A.
To
reveal
consequences
of
climate
anxiety.
B.
To
show
new
findings
about
climate
anxiety.
C.
To
compare
climate
anxiety
and
mental
illness.
D
To
demand
care
for
those
experiencing
climate
anxiety.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have
you
ever
been
labeled
a
“perfectionist”?
Or
do
you
consider
yourself
to
be
one?
It’s
attractive
to
see
perfectionism
as
a
positive
quality—it
shows
that
we
pay
close
attention
to
detail
and
get
things
right!
And,
it
is
often
viewed
as
a
strength
that
helps
people
to
produce
high-quality
work.
____35____
It
can
damage
self-esteem,
cause
relationship
problems,
and,
in
extreme
cases,
it
may
even
lead
to
serious
health
problems.
If
you
think
that
you
have
a
problem
with
perfectionism,
the
following
strategies
can
help
you
to
lessen
its
negative
effects.
Set
realistic
goals.
____36____
Instead,
learn
to
think
about
your
most
important
life
and
career
goals.
Then,
break
them
down
into
smaller
steps.
Not
only
will
this
make
it
easier
to
reach
your
objectives,
but
you’ll
also
experience
the
thrill
of
achieving
them.
____37____
If
you’re
feeling
anxious
or
unhappy
about
a
task,
they
may
be
telling
you
that
you’re
trying
to
achieve
the
impossible.
And
adjust
your
targets
accordingly!
Perfectionists
are
often
likely
to
start
negative
self-talk.
If
you
catch
yourself
doing
this,
stop!
Try
using
thought
awareness
to
question
your
negative
thoughts
and
add
some
positivity!
Focus
on
the
bigger
picture.
Perfectionism
can
cause
“tunnel
vision”—when
you
focus
on
one
small
part
of
something
but
ignore
the
rest.
You
might,
for
instance,
focus
on
getting
a
minor
part
of
a
presentation
right,
like
the
special
effects,
instead
of
concentrating
on
the
meaning
that
you
are
trying
to
deliver.
Remember
to
keep
your
focus
on
the
bigger
picture.
____38____
Relax
and
go
with
the
flow.
The
pursuit
of
perfection
can
make
it
extremely
difficult
to
relax.
And
perfectionists
prefer
to
maintain
focus
and
to
stick
to
their
carefully
laid
plans.
But
relaxation
isn’t
just
necessary
for
a
healthy
life.
It
can
also
improve
your
productivity
and
well-being.
And
you’ll
be
better
at
keeping
perfectionism
under
control
if
you’re
feeling
rested,
clear-headed
and
happy.
____39____
Get
outside,
be
open
to
new
experiences
and
new
people,
make
use
of
relaxation
techniques,
and
recognize
when
you
need
to
switch
off.
Most
of
all,
don’t
allow
perfectionism
or
fear
of
failure
to
stop
you
from
experiencing
new
things.
Be
open
to
new
ways
of
thinking,
new
people,
and
new
experiences.
You
might
just
find
that
letting
go
actually
boosts
your
well-being,
your
relationships,
and
your
performance.
A.
Listen
to
your
emotions.
B.
So,
take
regular
breaks
at
work.
C
Seek
advice
from
qualified
health
professionals.
D.
Your
failings
will
seem
less
significant
and
you’ll
reduce
the
urge
to
be
perfect.
E.
However,
when
perfectionism
gets
out
of
control,
it
can
do
more
harm
than
good.
F.
Perfectionists
often
set
objectives
so
high
that
there’s
little
hope
of
ever
achieving
them.
G.
If
you’re
afraid
to
make
mistakes,
it’s
difficult
to
generate
new
ideas
and
seize
opportunities.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，
共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Two
hundred
years
ago,
a
device
began
to
dominate
the
world
of
work—the
clock.
With
its
arrival,
people
were
paid
on
the
basis
of
how
many
hours
they
worked,
rather
than
their
material
output,
and
were
required
by
the
owner
to
turn
up
for
a
set
shift.
The
clock’s
authoritarian
rule
may
at
last
be
weakening.
Working
remotely
has
brought
a
greater
degree
of
freedom.
A
survey
across
six
countries
found
that
flexible
working
was
viewed
very
positively,
improving
both
people’s
work-life
balance
and
productivity.
Flexible
workers
even
scored
more
highly
on
a
sense
of
“belonging”
to
their
organization
than
those
on
a
nine-to-five
schedule.
It
is
hardly
surprising
that
workers
prefer
flexibility.
Working
a
rigid
eight-hour
schedule
is
incredibly
restricting.
Those
are
also
the
hours
when
most
shops
are
open,
when
doctors
and
dentists
will
take
appointments,
and
when
repairmen
are
willing
to
visit.
Parents
on
a
conventional
routine
may
be
able
to
take
their
children
to
school
in
the
morning
but
are
unlikely
to
be
able
to
pick
them
up
in
the
afternoon.
Many
families
find
themselves
constantly
struggling
with
schedules
and
giving
up
precious
holiday
time
to
deal
with
domestic
emergencies.
On
reflection,
it
is
not
too
shocking
that
home-workers
feel
they
are
more
productive.
After
all,
few
people
have
the
ability
to
concentrate
solidly
for
eight
hours
at
a
stretch.
There
are
points
in
the
day
where
people
want
to
stare
out
of
the
window
or
go
for
a
walk;
these
may
be
moments
when
they
find
inspiration
or
recharge
themselves
for
the
next
task.
When
they
do
this
in
an
office,
they
risk
the
boss’s
disapproval;
at
home,
they
can
work
when
they
are
most
motivated.
Of
course,
working
remotely
carries
dangers:
people
may
lose
all
separation
between
work
and
home
life,
and
are
likely
to
be
stressed.
To
inject
some
human
contact,
companies
may
embrace
a
mixed
model
in
which
workers
go
into
the
office
for
part
of
the
week.
But
overall,
office-workers’
freedom
from
time
restrictions
is
to
be
welcomed.
The
clock
was
a
cruel
master
and
many
people
will
be
happy
to
escape
its
dominion.
40.
What
decided
the
workers’
pay
after
the
clock
appeared?
41
Please
paraphrase
the
underlined
sentence
in
your
own
words.
42.
Please
decide
which
part
of
the
following
statement
is
false,
then
underline
it
and
explain
why.
Working
remotely
is
viewed
positively
because
it
brings
lots
of
benefits
and
it
is
perfect.
43.
As
a
student,
what
do
you
think
of
remote
learning?
(about
40
words)
第二节（20分）
44.
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim曾经在你校读书，想了解学校有哪些变化，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.
学校的变化；
2.
你的感受。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
