人教版（2019） 必修 第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration 随堂作业含解析（7份打包）

Unit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅱ
请同学们认真完成
[练案14]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．There
are
still
many
problems
__to
be
solved__(solve)
before
we
are
ready
for
a
long
stay
on
the
moon.
2．He
made
a
promise
__to
come__(come)
here
on
time
tomorrow.
3．We’re
to
hold
a
meeting
in
half
an
hour.The
decision
__to
be
made__(make)
at
the
meeting
will
influence
the
future
of
our
company.
4．You
don’t
have
to
run
fast
or
for
long
__to
see__(see)
the
benefit.
5．__To
make__(make)
it
easier
to
get
in
touch
with
us，you’d
better
keep
this
card
at
hand.
6．George
returned
after
the
war，only
__to
be
told__(tell)
that
his
wife
had
left
him.
7．We
were
astonished
__to
see__(see)
the
building
still
in
its
original
condition.
8．In
college，there
are
so
many
good
chances
__to
meet__(meet)
your
expectations.
9．He
was
the
first
traveler
__to
arrive__(arrive)
in
the
island
lying
in
the
central
of
the
Pacific
Ocean.
10．We
will
be
more
than
happy
__to
receive__(receive)
materials，such
as
clothes，quilts
and
school
supplies.
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．I
hurried
to
Professor
Wang’s
house
__only
to
find
he
was
out__.
我匆忙赶到王教授的家，可是却发现他外出了。
2．During
my
last
winter
holiday,
I
went
to
the
countryside
with
my
father
__to
visit
my
grandparents__.
去年寒假，我和父亲一起去了乡下看望我的祖父母。
3．California
has
lost
half
its
big
trees
since
the
1930s,
according
to
a
study
__to
be
published__
Tuesday.
根据本周二要公布的一项研究，自20世纪30年代以来，加利福尼亚已经失去了一半的大树。
4．With
so
many
problems
to
solve,
my
brother
was
too
worried
__to
eat
anything__.
有太多的问题去处理，我哥哥担忧得吃不下任何东西。
5．I
stayed
awake
until
half
past
eleven
__so
as
to/in
order
to/to
have
a
good
look
at
the
moon__
by
myself.
我熬夜到11点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。
6．Andy
and
Ruby
were
the
first
__to
reach
the
top
of
the
mountain__，out
of
breath.
Andy和Ruby首先到达了山顶，上气不接下气。
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Edmund
Halley
was
an
English
scientist
who
livedover
200
years
ago.He
studied
the
observations
of
cometswhich
other
scientists
had
made.The
orbit
of
one
particular
comet
was
a
very
difficult
mathematical
(数学上的)problem.He
could
not
figure
it
out.Neither
could
other
scientists
who
dealt
with
such
problems.
However,
Halley
had
a
friend
named
Newton,
who
was
a
brilliant
mathematician.Newton
thought
he
had
already
worked
out
that
problem,
but
he
could
not
find
the
papers
on
which
he
had
done
it.He
told
Halley
that
the
orbit
of
a
comet
had
the
shape
of
an
ellipse
(椭圆)．
Now
Halley
set
to
work.He
figured
out
(解决；计算出)
the
orbits
of
some
of
the
comets
that
had
been
observed
by
scientists.He
made
a
surprising
discovery.The
comets
that
had
appeared
in
the
years
1531,
1607,
and
1682
all
had
the
same
orbit.Yet
their
appearances
had
been
75
to
76
years
apart.
This
seemed
very
strange
to
Halley.The
different
comets
followed
the
same
orbit.The
more
halley
thought
about
it,
the
more
he
thought
that
there
had
not
been
three
different
comets,
as
people
thought.He
decided
that
they
had
simply
seen
the
same
comet
three
times.The
comet
had
gone
away
and
had
come
back
again.
It
was
an
astonishing
idea!
Halley
felt
certain
enough
to
make
a
prediction
(预言)
of
what
comet
would
happen
in
the
future.He
decided
that
this
comet
would
appear
in
the
year
1758.There
were
53
years
to
go
before
Halley’s
prediction
could
be
tested.In
1758
the
comet
appeared
in
the
sky.Halley
did
not
see
it,
for
he
has
died
some
years
before.Ever
since
then
that
comet
has
been
called
Halley’s
comet,
in
his
honor.
文章大意：本文主要介绍了200多年前英国科学家哈雷以及他的发现。
1．Halley
made
his
discovery
__C__.
A．by
doing
experiments
B．by
means
of
his
own
careful
observation
C．by
using
the
work
of
other
scientists
D．by
chance
解析：细节理解题。由文中第三段中的“He
figured
out(解决；计算出)
the
orbits
of
some
of
the
comets
that
had
been
observed
by
scientists.”可知应选C。
2．Halley
made
a
surprising,
but
correct
prediction
in
the
year
__B__.
A．1704
B．1705
C．1706
D．1707
解析：数字计算题。由最后一段中的“He
decided
that
this
comet
would
appear
in
the
year
1758.There
were
53
years
to
go
before
Halley’s
prediction
could
be
tested.”可知，他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。
3．This
passage
in
general
is
about
__D__.
A．Halley
and
other
scientists
B．the
orbit
of
a
comet
C．Newton
and
Halley
D．Halley
and
his
discovery
解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了哈雷以及他的发现。
4．Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE？__C__
A．Edmund
Halley
was
an
American
scientist.
B．Halley
made
his
discovery
by
doing
experiments.
C．Newton
was
a
famous
mathematician.
D．The
orbit
of
a
comet
had
the
shape
of
a
circle.
解析：细节理解题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第三段的分析中可知B项也错误；由第二段可知，牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
When
I
was
about
18
months
old,
I
was
burned
quite
badly
by
hot
water.This
was
a
household
accident,
and
now
I
can
imagine
how
__1.D__
this
must
have
been
for
my
parents
at
the
time.This
took
place
in
the
1970s,
so
the
__2.C__
wasn’t
what
it
is
today.I
did
get
skin
grafts(移植)，but
it
was
still
pretty
bad.
As
I
grew
up,
I
__3.D__
my
scars.They
seemed
so
big
and
ugly.Kids
would
wonder
what
happened
to
me
and
stared
at
me
directly.Unwilling
to
__4.C__
my
scars,
I
always
wore
high-necked
tops.I
feared
to
wear
a
swimsuit
in
summer
and
started
__5.B__
any
outdoor
activities.So
I
missed
out
on
a
lot
of
fun.My
scars
led
me
to
believe
I
never
looked
__6.D__
without
my
clothes
on.I
believed
that
I
needed
to
have
perfect
skin
in
order
to
find
true
__7.A__.I
knew
someone
who
wanted
to
know
me
would
be
__8.C__
by
my
skin.
On
the
day
that
I
turned
19,
one
of
my
best
friends
took
me
by
the
shoulders
and
said,
“Michelle,
stop
__9.B__！Your
burns
are
battle
scars
and
you
need
to
treat
them
as
a
symbol
of
__10.D__.”
Her
words
made
me
realize
that
what
I
lacked
most
was
__11.C__.For
a
long
time,
I
was
too
afraid
to
get
in
touch
with
whom
I
wanted
to
be
in
life.
Scars
can
be
__12.B__
to
deal
with.But
in
the
end,
it’s
just
damaged
skin.I’m
not
the
only
one
that
carries
painful
burdens
__13.D__.So
many
have
disabilities
but
try
hard
to
prove
themselves
and
even
__14.A__
in
their
fields.Life
is
about
so
much
more
than
worrying
about
the
flaws(瑕疵)
on
our
bodies.Only
if
we
__15.B__
ourselves
as
we
are,
can
we
find
the
meaning
of
life.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者自小因为身上带着烫伤的疤痕而感到自卑，但朋友的话让她认识到认可自己的重要性。
1．A．proud
B．strange
C．important
D．terrible
解析：根据常识可知，作者18个月时被热水烫伤，对她的父母来说这场意外很糟糕(terrible)。故选D。
2．A．effort
B．exercise
C．technology
D．information
解析：联系语境可知，在20世纪70年代，科技(technology)还不如现在发达。故选C。
3．A．talked
about
B．learned
from
C．believed
in
D．struggled
with
解析：根据后文“They
seemed
so
big
and
ugly.”可知，作者的伤疤让她感到痛苦，故选“struggled
with”。故选D。
4．A．cover
B．remove
C．show
D．increase
解析：根据后文可知，作者不想让别人看到自己的伤疤，于是总穿着高领衣服。故选C。
5．A．joining
B．avoiding
C．designing
D．ruining
解析：由于怕被别人看到自己的伤疤，作者开始避免(avoiding)参加任何户外活动。故选B。
6．A．happy
B．unique
C．healthy
D．normal
解析：作者身上的伤疤让她认为自己不穿衣服时就看起来不正常，故选D。
7．A．love
B．work
C．freedom
D．knowledge
解析：作者认为她需要具备完美的皮肤才能得到真爱，故选“love”。
8．A．saved
B．touched
C．troubled
D．challenged
解析：在作者看来，想要认识自己的人都会被自己的身上的伤疤所困扰，故选C。
9．A．dreaming
B．hiding
C．complaining
D．apologizing
解析：因为作者一直自卑于自己的伤疤，作者的好朋友鼓励她不要再隐藏(hiding)自己。故选B。
10．A．luck
B．pain
C．respect
D．honor
解析：根据前文的“Your
burns
are
battle
scars”可知，好朋友让作者把她的伤疤当作荣誉(honor)的象征。故选D。
11．A．honesty
B．stress
C．confidence
D．surprise
解析：根据语境可知，好朋友的话让作者认识到自己最为缺乏的就是自信(confidence)。故选C。
12．A．easy
B．difficult
C．practical
D．impossible
解析：根据语境可知，伤疤可能难以处理，但终究只是受损的皮肤，故选B。
13．A．emotionally
B．intellectually
C．mentally
D．physically
解析：由后文可知，作者认识到自己不是唯一在身体上(physically)承受痛苦负担的人。故选D。
14．A．succeed
B．fail
C．recover
D．disappear
解析：根据语境可知，许多残疾人仍然在努力奋斗甚至在自己的领域取得了成功，故选A。
15．A．change
B．accept
C．analyze
D．remember
解析：根据作者的经历可知，只有当我们学会接受(accept)自己的本来面貌，我们才能找到人生的意义。故选B。
Ⅱ．语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tom
is
a
boy
with
physical
__1.disability__(disable)and
he
can’t
walk
as
__2.a__
normal
boy.In
order
to
offer
him
more
convenience,
his
mother
bought
him
a
robot
__3.whose__
name
is
Jimmy
yesterday.Jimmy
accompanies
Tom
every
day
after
his
parents
leave
for
work，__4.taking__(take)care
of
him.Tom
suffers
from
a
rare
disease.He
can’t
stand
up.Instead,
he
has
to
sit
on
an
armchair
all
the
day.Jimmy
shows
sympathy
to
Tom
and
__5.tries__(try)
his
best
to
make
him
happy.Some
days
ago,
he
took
Tom
to
the
park.He
tried
to
protect
him
from
__6.being
harmed__(harm)．He
gave
Tom
encouragement
to
have
a
try
to
walk.So
Tom
__7.did__.But
to
Jimmy’s
disappointment,
Tom
fell
on
the
ground,
causing
some
other
boys
nearby
to
make
fun
__8.of__
him.“Don’t
laugh
at
the
disabled！”
Jimmy
turned
around,
warning
those
boys.They
felt
sorry
and
ran
away
immediately.The
next
day,
Jimmy
took
Tom
to
the
park
once
again.This
time,
Tom
was
__9.adaptable/adapted__(adapt)
to
the
circumstance
and
didn’t
feel
clumsy
any
longer.He
gets
back
his
own
confidence
__10.though__
he
is
still
a
disabled
boy.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。Tom是一个残疾男孩，他不能像正常人一样走路。妈妈给他买了一个机器人Jimmy作为陪伴。尽管他仍然是一个残疾人，但是在Jimmy的陪伴下他恢复了自信。
解析：
1．考查名词。physical为形容词，其后应用名词。故答案为disability。
2．考查冠词。normal
boy是可数名词单数形式，前面用a泛指“一个”。故答案为a。
3．考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为robot，从句中指“机器人的名字”，故答案为whose。
4．考查分词作状语。本处take与句子主语Jimmy之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故答案为taking。
5．考查动词的时态。根据前半句的shows可知此处是并列的谓语动词，应该用一般现在时态，故答案为tries。
6．考查固定搭配。protect...from
doing
sth.保护……免遭……；再根据句子主语和harm之间是被动关系，所以这里用动名词的被动式，故答案为being
harmed。
7．考查替代和时态。句意：他鼓励汤姆试着走路。汤姆确实这样做了。So＋主语＋助动词do/does/did，此处表示与上文动作一致，用助动词do/does/did代替上文相同的动作。根据Some
days
ago，可知句子用一般过去时态，故答案为did。
8．考查介词。make
fun
of是固定词组，意为“嘲笑”。故答案为of。
9．考查形容词或固定结构。句意：这一次，汤姆适应了这种情况，再也没有感到笨拙。此处用形容词adaptable作表语，也可用固定结构be
adapted
to，故答案为adaptable/
adapted。
10．考查连词。分析句意为“尽管他仍然残疾，但他重新获得了自信”，可知应填though引导让步状语从句。
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅳ
请同学们认真完成
[练案16]
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Satellites
are
an
important
part
of
our
ordinary
lives.For
example,
the
information
for
weather
forecasts
is
sent
by
satellite.Some
satellites
have
cameras
which
take
photographs
of
the
Earth
to
show
how
clouds
are
moving.Satellites
are
also
used
to
connect
our
international
phone
puter
connections
of
the
World
Wide
Web
and
Internet
also
use
satellites.Many
of
our
TV
programmes
come
to
us
through
satellites.Airplane
pilots
also
sometimes
use
a
satellite
to
help
them
find
their
exact
location.
We
use
satellites
to
send
television
pictures
from
one
part
of
the
world
to
another.They
are
usually
35,880
kilometres
above
the
equator
(赤道)．Sometimes
we
can
see
a
satellite
in
the
sky
and
it
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place.This
is
because
it
is
moving
around
the
world
at
11,000
kilometres
an
hour—exactly
the
same
speed
that
the
earth
rotates
(转动)．A
satellite
must
orbit
the
Earth
with
its
antennae
(天线)
facing
the
earth.Sometimes,
it
moves
away
from
its
orbit,
so
there
are
little
rockets
on
it
which
are
used
to
put
the
satellite
back
in
the
right
position.This
usually
happens
about
every
five
or
six
days.
Space
is
not
empty!
Every
week,
more
and
more
satellites
are
sent
into
space
to
orbit
the
Earth.A
satellite
usually
works
for
about
10—12
years.Satellites
which
are
broken
are
sometimes
repaired
by
astronauts
or
sometimes
brought
back
to
the
Earth
to
be
repaired.Often,
very
old
or
broken
satellites
are
left
in
space
to
orbit
the
Earth
for
a
very
long
time.This
is
very
serious
because
some
satellites
use
nuclear
power
and
they
can
crash
into
each
other.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。对各种卫星的用途、卫星工作的状态以及人们对已损坏卫星的处理办法进行了解释说明。
1．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
done
by
satellites
according
to
the
passage？__D__
A．Sending
information
for
weather
forecasts.
B．Taking
photographs
of
the
Earth.
C．Sending
TV
pictures.
D．Providing
food
for
airplane
pilots.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段首句不难看出，卫星可以传递天气预报信息、拍摄地球照片、传递电视图片等，但是没说为飞行员提供食物，所以选择D项。
2．Why
does
the
satellite
move
around
the
world
at
the
same
speed
as
the
Earth
rotates？__B__
A．In
order
to
take
photographs.
B．In
order
to
stay
in
a
certain
position
in
the
orbit.
C．In
order
to
move
away
from
its
orbit.
D．In
order
to
send
television
pictures.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可以看出，卫星之所以用和地球自转相同的速度绕地球旋转，是为了保持在一定位置上。显然B项正确。
3．What
does
the
underlined
word
“This”
in
the
3rd
paragraph
refer
to？__C__
A．A
satellite.
B．A
little
rocket.
C．A
satellite
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place
in
the
sky.
D．The
satellite
puts
the
rockets
in
the
right
position.
解析：代词指代题。this在此替代前文的“Sometimes
we
can
see
a
satellite
in
the
sky
and
it
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place.”故选C项。
4．Which
is
true
of
satellites？__A__
A．A
satellite
usually
works
for
about
10—12
years.
B．Every
time
a
satellite
gets
broken,
it
is
brought
back
to
the
Earth
to
be
repaired.
C．A
broken
satellite
is
never
left
in
space.
D．Broken
satellites
often
crash
into
each
other.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段不难看出A项正确。
Ⅱ．七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)
A
Few
Tips
for
Self-Acceptance
We
all
want
it...to
accept
and
love
ourselves.
But
at
times
it
seems
too
difficult
and
too
far
out
of
reach.
__1.B__
Here’s
a
handful
of
ways
that
will
set
you
in
the
right
direction.
●__2.F__
Do
not
follow
the
people
who
make
you
feel
not-good-enough.
Why
do
you
follow
them?
Are
you
hoping
that
eventually
you
will
feel
empowered
because
your
life
is
better
than
theirs?
Know
that
your
life
is
your
own；you
are
the
only
you
in
this
world.
●Forgive
yourself
for
mistakes
that
you
have
made.
We
are
often
ashamed
of
our
shortcomings,
our
mistakes
and
our
failures.
__3.D__
You
will
make
mistakes,
time
and
time
again.
Rather
than
getting
caught
up
in
how
you
could
have
done
better,
why
not
offer
yourself
a
compassionate
(有同情心)
response?
“That
didn’t
go
as
planned.
But,
I
tried
my
best.”
●Recognize
all
of
your
strengths.
Write
them
down
in
a
journal.
Begin
to
train
your
brain
to
look
at
strength
before
weakness.
List
all
of
your
accomplishments
and
achievements.
You
have
a
job,
earned
your
degree,
and
you
got
out
of
bed
today.
__4.C__
●Now
that
you’ve
listed
your
strengths,
list
your
imperfections.
Turn
the
page
in
your
journal.
Put
into
words
why
you
feel
unworthy,
why
you
don’t
feel
good
enough.
Now,
read
these
words
back
to
yourself.
__5.A__
Turn
to
a
page
in
your
journal
to
your
list
of
strengths
and
achievements.
See
how
awesome
you
are?
A．Feeling
upset
again?
B．Where
do
you
start?
C．Nothing
is
too
small
to
celebrate.
D．Remember,
you
are
only
human.
E．Set
an
intention
for
self-acceptance.
F．Stop
comparing
yourself
with
others.
G．When
does
the
comparison
game
start?
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。
解析：
1．根据题目“A
Few
Tips
for
Self-acceptance(自我接纳的几点建议)”及下文的“Here’s
a
handful
of
ways
that
will
set
you
in
the
right
direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法)”可知，选项B．
Where
do
you
start?
(从哪里开始呢？)最合下文语境，故选B项。
2．根据下文“Are
you
hoping
that
eventually
you
will
feel
empowered
because
your
life
is
better
than
theirs?
Know
that
your
life
is
your
own；you
are
the
only
one
in
this
world.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的)”可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stop
comparing
yourself
with
others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
3．根据本文的中心句“Forgive
yourself
for
mistakes
that
you
have
made.
(原谅自己所犯的错误)”及下文的“You
will
make
mistakes,
time
and
time
again.
(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)”可知，本句是在说明要讲自己看作一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的。选项D．
Remember,
you
are
only
human.(记住，你只是个人)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。
4．根据上文“List
all
of
your
accomplishments
and
achievements.
You
have
a
job,
earned
your
degree,
and
you
got
out
of
bed
today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天你摆脱了困境。)”可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝，即没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。故选C项。
5．结合上文“Put
into
words
why
you
feel
unworthy,
why
you
don’t
feel
good
enough.
Now,
read
these
words
back
to
yourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话)”和下文的“Turn
to
a
page
in
your
journal
to
your
list
of
strengths
and
achievements.
See
how
awesome
you
are?
(翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)”可推知本句是在说明“再次感到心烦意乱”的情况。选项A．
Feeling
upset
again？(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
My
bike
was
stolen
last
Saturday.Left
with
a
lock
and
a
__1.D__
heart,
I
decided
to
leave
the
thief
a
note.
Armed
with
yellow
paint,
I__2.C__
a
big
cardboard
sign
and
hung
it
on
my
gate.It
said：
“To
the
person
who
stole
my
bicycle：
I
hope
you
need
it
more
than
I
do.I
need
it
to
get
to
work.I
can’t
__3.D__
another
one.
PS:
Bring
it
back.”
I
felt
a
little
__4.C__
writing
the
sign.But
I
knew
other
people’s
bicycles
had
been
stolen
in
the
neighborhood,
and
the
least
I
could
do
was
__5.A__
what
had
happened.I
left
it
up
for
seven
days.
On
Wednesday
evening,
a
young
man
knocked
at
my
door,
carrying
a
__6.A__.
“Did
you
get
your
bike
stolen？”
asked
the
guy.“I
had
this
bike
__7.C__
around,
so
I
figured
you
might
be
able
to
use
it.”
I
was
surprised
by
the
__8.D__
and
tried
to
explain
my
intentions,
saying
I
really
appreciated
it,
__9.A__
wasn’t
sure
if
I’d
be
able
to
use
it.What
was
clear,
however,
was
that
it
wasn’t
about
the
bicycle,
it
was
about
the
desire
to
__10.C__.Finally
I
accepted,
very
touched
by
the
kindness.
A
snowstorm
came
the
next
day,
and
my
husband
suggested
I
take
down
the
sign.I
__11.A__—my
bike
was
stolen
on
the
weekend,
so
the
sign
would
stay
up
until
the
next
weekend.
On
Saturday
morning,
I
got
another
__12.A__
on
the
door.It
was
a
middle-aged
woman.She
said
she
drove
twice
around
the
block
so
she
could
__13.B__
read
my
sign.“What
kind
of
bicycle
do
you
need？”
she
asked.“If
I
find
one,
I’ll
bring
it
to
you.”
Then
she
gave
me
a
big
hug.
I
felt
strengthened.This
sign
was
__14.C__
things.So
much
kindness
was
pouring
out
from
such
a
simple
gesture
of
__15.D__
myself
up
to
the
universe.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。自行车被偷后，“我”在大门口挂了个警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，“我”却收到了陌生人的善意和帮助。
1．A．warm　　　　　　　　
B．soft
C．big
D．heavy
解析：由本段第一句“My
bike
was
stolen
last
Saturday.”以及“Left
with
a
lock”可知，“我”很“难过(a
heavy
heart)”。
2．A．read
B．followed
C．made
D．saw
解析：由本句中的“Armed
with
yellow
paint”以及下文中的“writing
the
sign”可知，“我”“制作了(made)”一个牌子。
3．A．lose
B．lend
C．choose
D．afford
解析：由“I
need
it
to
get
to
work.”以及“Bring
it
back.”可知，“我”“买不起(can’t
afford)”另一辆自行车。
4．A．wrong
B．happy
C．foolish
D．dangerous
解析：由“But
I
knew
other
people’s
bicycles...had
happened.”可知，“我”觉得写警告牌这个举动有些“愚蠢(foolish)”。
5．A．say
B．know
C．ignore
D．realize
解析：由本句中的“But
I
knew
other
people’s
bicycles
had
been
stolen
in
the
neighborhood”可知，“我”愿意将所发生的事“说出来(say)”。
6．A．bike
B．sign
C．board
D．gun
解析：由下文中的“I
had
this
bike...to
use
it.”可知，他扛着一辆“自行车(bike)”。
7．A．traveling
B．turning
C．lying
D．playing
解析：由本句中的“I
figured
you
might
be
able
to
use
it”可知，“我”这辆自行车“闲置着(lying
around)”。
8．A．answer
B．advice
C．promise
D．offer
解析：由上文中的“I
had
this
bike...to
use
it”可知，他的“帮助(offer)”使“我”惊讶。
9．A．but
B．or
C．and
D．so
解析：前后句之间表示转折关系，故用“but”。
10．A．return
B．come
C．help
D．pay
解析：由下文中的“I
accepted...the
kindness”可知，“我”改变主意不是因为这辆自行车，而是因为他很想“帮助(help)”“我”。
11．A．refused
B．obeyed
C．agreed
D．doubted
解析：由“A
snowstorm
came
the
next
day”以及“my
bike
was
stolen...the
next
weekend”可知，“我”的丈夫建议“我”把警告牌拿下来，“我”“拒绝了(refused)”。
12．A．knock
B．pull
C．gift
D．poster
解析：由“It
was
a
middle-aged
woman.”可知，此处表示“又有人敲门(another
knock
on
the
door)”。
13．A．hardly
B．fully
C．easily
D．silently
解析：由语境可知，她绕着街区开了两圈的目的是能够“完全(fully)”读懂警告牌。
14．A．providing
B．showing
C．changing
D．running
解析：“我”在大门口挂警告牌，希望小偷能看到，将自行车还回来。没想到，却收到了陌生人的善意和帮助，故这个警告牌在“改变着(changing)”一些事。
15．A．holding
B．picking
C．giving
D．opening
解析：结合整篇文章以及第二段中警告牌的内容，此处表示“我”只是“将心中所想说出来(opening
myself
up)”，却收到如此多的善意。
Ⅳ．语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We
are
currently
living
in
a
world
__1.where__
rapid
advances
in
medicine
and
technology
influence
our
lives
on
__2.a__
regular
basis.
One
technology，which
in
recent
years
__3.has
developed/has
been
developing__(develop)very
quickly，is
cloning.
Clones
refer
to
animals
or
plants
that
are
produced
to
be
exact
__4.copies__(copy)of
one
another.
Clones
of
different
kinds
are
produced
in
various
ways，and
they
have
become
__5.valuable__(value)
in
many
medical
applications
and
biological
experiments.
Most
are
produced
in
the
laboratory，with
some
of
them
__6.occurring__(occur)
in
several
species
in
a
natural
way.
A
report
in
2018
had
pictures
of
Macaque
monkeys
that
had
been
cloned
successfully.
Since
they
are
primates(灵长目动物)
like
us，it
gets
us
to
come
even
__7.closer__(close)
to
find
the
right
procedures
of
the
cloning
of
humans.
This
comes
to
the
question
why
we
would
need
or
want
to
do
this.
Would
it
be
__8.in__
the
best
interest
of
humankind
to
develop
this
technology？Besides，the
moral
questions
that
will
be
raised
__9.are__(be)unbelievable，and
would
it
be
an
accomplishment
that
could
benefit
humankind
enough
__10.to
balance__(balance)the
ill
effects
that
it
might
produce?
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍飞速发展的医学和技术常常影响着我们的生活，其中一种技术就是克隆，本文介绍了克隆的概念、现状以及存在的一些问题。
解析：
1．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以发现，空前是主句，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词world，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
2．考查冠词。on
a
regular
basis“定期地，经常地”，故填不定冠词a。
3．考查动词时态。根据时间状语“in
recent
years”可知，develop的动作从过去开始持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，故应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，故用has
developed或has
been
developing。
4．考查名词复数。copy在此表示“复制品”，是可数名词。根据后面的one
another“彼此，互相”可知，此处copy不止一个，故用copy的复数形式。
5．考查形容词。根据语境和系动词后跟形容词的用法可知，此处用value的形容词形式valuable“珍贵的，很重要的，有用的。”
6．考查非谓语动词。逗号前是完整的一个句子，逗号后是“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，因为occur是不及物动词，且occur与其主语在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾补。注意：occur的现在分词形式是先双写r再加-ing。
7．考查副词的比较级。根据句意和空前的even可知，空处应用副词的比较级closer。
8．考查介词。in
the
best
interest
of...意思是“对……最有利”，是固定搭配。
9．考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时；由句子主语moral
questions为复数可知，谓语动词应用are。
10．考查非谓语动词。它会是一个可以让人类所获益处足以抵消它带来的负面影响的成就吗？enough
to
do
sth.“足够做某事”。
Ⅴ.应用文写作
你校英文报正举行“畅想未来”征文大赛，请你用英语写一篇短文设想一下二十年后的图书馆并投稿。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Libraries
in
twenty
years
will
surely
be
different
from
what
they
are
today.
First,
instead
of
paper
books,
all
books
will
be
stored
in
the
form
of
chips.You’ll
get
what
you
need
by
simply
touching
a
large
screen.Moreover,
you
will
find
several
buttons
on
the
screen,
each
of
which
performs
a
special
function.For
example,
when
you
push
a
certain
button,
the
content
of
the
book
will
be
presented
in
the
form
of
a
movie
where
you
will
enjoy
it
vividly.If
you
want
to
renew
a
book,
you
can
input
a
code
and
immediately
the
book
will
appear
on
your
mobile
phone.
I
believe
such
libraries
will
be
a
part
of
our
life
in
twenty
years.
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　学业质量检测
选择题部分
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；
每小题1.5分，
满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What’s
the
probable
relationship
between
the
two
speakers？__C__
A．Strangers.
B．Classmates.
C．Workmates.
2．What
can
we
infer
from
the
dialogue？__B__
A．A
policeman
said
good-bye
to
them.
B．The
man
broke
the
traffic
rule.
C．He
escaped
because
no
one
saw
him.
3．Which
sport
does
the
woman
probably
like？__C__
A．Basketball.
B．Football.
C．Neither
basketball
nor
football.
4．How
many
students
took
IELTS
test
last
month？__C__
A．23.
B．60.
C．42.
5．How
will
users
control
the
mouse
with
the
newly
invented
tool？__A__
A．With
their
feet.
B．With
their
eyes.
C．With
their
hands.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What
does
the
woman
want
to
do？__B__
A．Get
a
pet
dog.
B．Take
the
bird
home.
C．Get
a
cat
with
soft
fur.
7．What’s
the
man’s
opinion？__A__
A．It’s
cruel
to
keep
a
bird
in
a
cage.
B．Their
backyard
is
not
big
enough
for
a
pet.
C．Keeping
a
dog
is
much
easier
than
keeping
a
fish.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．How
many
floors
does
the
building
have？__C__
A．16.
B．36.
C．40.
9．What
is
on
the
second
floor？__B__
A．The
sales
office.
B．The
marketing
office.
C．The
personnel
office.
10．Where’s
the
manager’s
office？__A__
A．On
the
9th
floor.
B．On
the
8th
floor.
C．On
the
7th
floor.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．How
did
Mr.Lam
help
the
boy？__A__
A．He
found
him
a
part-time
job.
B．He
gave
him
pocket
money.
C．He
helped
him
with
study.
12．What
is
the
boy’s
attitude
towards
the
club？__B__
A．It
is
expensive.
B．It
is
satisfying.
C．It
is
useless.
13．What
advice
does
the
boy
offer？__A__
A．Putting
a
letter
box
outside
the
club’s
room.
B．Keeping
in
touch
with
students.
C．Making
a
note
of
students’
problems.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．Who
is
Jason？__C__
A．The
woman’s
friend
in
Bali.
B．The
guide
of
the
trip.
C．The
woman’s
husband.
15．What
may
interest
the
woman
on
the
island
of
Bali？__A__
A．Good
restaurants
and
shops.
B．Nice
hotels
and
water
sports.
C．The
weather
and
the
sea
view.
16．How
will
the
woman
probably
pay
for
the
vacation？__B__
A．In
cash.
B．By
credit
card.
C．By
cheque.
17．What
will
the
woman
do
next？__C__
A．Pay
for
the
trip.
B．Ask
about
the
price.
C．Wait
for
the
man’s
call.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What
was
the
maximum
temperature
in
southeast
England
by
mid-afternoon？__C__
A．15
℃.
B．23
℃.
C．26
℃.
19．When
will
the
rain
reach
southwest
England？__A__
A．By
early
morning.
B．By
mid-afternoon.
C．By
mid-night.
20．How
will
the
weather
be
in
Scotland
this
weekend？__C__
A．Cloudy.
B．Sunny.C．Rainy.
听力原文
Text
1
W：I
called
you
last
week,
but
no
answer.Have
you
moved,
or
something?
M：No,
I
went
to
California
for
a
few
days.Our
new
manager
comes
from
California,
right?
Text
2
W：Look
out!
Red
light!
Why
didn’t
you
stop
the
car?
M：It
doesn’t
matter.No
one
is
around.Oho,
where
did
the
policeman
come
from?
He
is
waving
over
us.
Text
3
M：So,
which
sport
do
you
prefer,
basketball
or
football?
W：To
be
honest,
I
don’t
really
care
for
either.
Text
4
W：How
many
students
took
the
IELTS
test
last
month?
M：Well,
let
me
see.Sixty
had
registered,
but
not
everyone
turned
up.I
believe
we
had
23
from
Korea
and
19
from
Japan.
Text
5
W：I
hear
you’ve
invented
a
tool
which
lets
computer
users
use
their
feet
to
control
the
mouse.
M：Yes.People
are
trying
many
ways
to
free
their
hands
from
the
mouse,
such
as
using
their
eyes,
but
have
been
unsuccessful.So
I
tried
the
feet.
Text
6
W：Aw,
this
one
is
so
cute!
M：Um,
he
is
really
pretty,
but
I
wouldn’t
go
so
far
as
to
call
him
cute.That
word
is
usually
used
for
dogs,
cats...you
know,
normal
pets.
W：But
look
how
friendly
he
is!
He
just
came
right
up
and
put
his
head
out
so
I
could
pet
him.And
these
feathers
are
so
soft!
M：Taking
care
of
a
bird
is
not
like
taking
care
of
fish,
you
know.You’d
have
to
clean
his
cage
all
the
time,
and
buy
him
special
food...not
to
mention
the
fact
that
keeping
a
bird
in
a
cage
is
kind
of
cruel,
in
my
opinion.
W：But
we
could
build
him
a
special
cage
in
the
backyard
where
he
would
have
more
room
to
fly
around.I
really
like
him,
Paul!
Text
7
W：Here
we
are,
Mr.Smith.This
is
a
newly-built
building.
M：What
a
fine
building!
How
many
floors
are
there?
W：Forty.
Our
company
has
offices
on
four
floors
in
the
building.
M：Yours
is
really
a
big
company.
W：Yes,
it
is.The
sales
office
is
on
the
first
floor.The
marketing
and
accounting
offices
are
on
the
second
floor.
And
we
have
many
other
departments:
personnel,
research,
etc.They
are
all
on
the
8th
floor.
M：Where’s
the
manager’s
office?
W:
It’s
on
the
9th
floor.
Text
8
W：Hello,
Martin.How
are
your
exam
preparations
coming
along?
M：Good,
Miss
Davis.I’ve
worked
hard
for
it
recently.I
think
I’ll
be
ready
for
the
coming
exams.
W：Excellent!
So,
are
you
working
at
weekends
now
to
get
some
pocket
money?
M：Yes.I’m
very
grateful
to
Mr.Lam.He
really
helped
me
with
my
problem.
W：Mr.Lam
said
that
your
problem
was
that
you
had
no
pocket
money.
Is
that
right?
M：That’s
right.I
couldn’t
go
out
with
my
friends
because
I
didn’t
even
have
the
money
for
the
bus
fare.But
I’m
OK
now
with
a
part-time
job.
W：So,
you
think
the
Students’
Welfare
Club
really
helped
you?
M：Oh,
yes.I
have
no
complaints
about
the
club.I
think
you
are
fantastic!
W：Thank
you!
Any
suggestions
as
to
how
we
can
be
even
more
fantastic?
M：Why
don’t
you
have
a
letter
box
outside
the
club’s
room?
That
way,
we
can
keep
in
touch
with
you
even
if
we
don’t
get
to
see
you.
W：That’s
a
great
idea.It
won’t
cost
anything
to
put
a
letter
box
outside.OK,
thank
you
for
your
time,
Martin.
Text
9
M：Overseas
Travel
Agency.May
I
help
you?
W：Yes,
my
husband
and
I
are
planning
a
vacation
to
an
island.Do
you
have
any
recommendations?
M：Certainly.Off
the
top
of
my
head,
I
would
suggest
the
island
of
Bali.
W：Why
Bali?
M：At
this
time
of
year
it
rains
a
lot
in
most
places,
but
it
is
the
dry
season
in
Bali.Also,
there
are
many
excellent
restaurants
and
hotels
to
choose
from.Plus,
Bali
is
known
for
its
surfing
and
diving.And
I
must
say
that
the
shopping
is
absolutely
great!
W：That
sounds
amazing!
Jason
loves
to
dive
and
I
love
to
shop
and
eat.Can
you
tell
me
how
much
it
will
cost
for
the
two
of
us?
M：It
will
take
me
a
day
or
two
to
get
accurate
prices,
but
I
will
call
you
as
soon
as
I
do.
W：Thank
you.Will
we
have
to
pay
for
it
right
away?
M：I’ll
need
your
credit
card
number
to
make
a
reservation,
but
you
won’t
actually
have
to
pay
for
it
until
you
get
there.
W：That
sounds
great.
Text
10
M：Hello.This
is
FM
98.6.It’s
been
another
warm
and
fine
day
for
most
of
us.Temperatures
in
southeast
England
reached
twenty-six
degrees
Centigrade
by
mid-afternoon,
and
had
fifteen
hours
of
lovely
sunshine.But
already
the
weather
is
beginning
to
change,
I’m
afraid,
and
during
the
night
showers
will
slowly
move
in
from
the
Atlantic
to
reach
southwest
England
by
early
morning.
The
rest
of
the
country
will
have
a
very
mild,
dry
night
with
temperatures
no
lower
than
fifteen
degrees
in
the
south,
a
little
cooler
eleven—degrees
or
so
in
the
north.And
now,
let’s
move
on
to
the
weather
forecast
for
Friday
and
the
weekend.Well,
southern
Europe
will
once
again
get
the
best
of
the
weekend
weather.Scotland
and
Northern
Ireland
will
have
heavy
rain
for
much
of
the
weekend
and
temperatures
will
drop
to
a
cool
seventeen
degrees.Across
most
of
England
the
weather
will
be
cloudy
but
mainly
dry
with
sunny
periods.And
when
the
sun
does
come
out,
temperatures
could
rise
up
to
twenty-three
degrees...
第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The
oddness
of
life
in
space
never
quite
goes
away.Here
are
some
examples.
First
consider
something
as
simple
as
sleep.Its
position
presents
its
own
challenges.The
main
question
is
whether
you
want
your
arms
inside
or
outside
the
sleeping
bag.If
you
leave
your
arms
out,
they
float
free
in
zero
gravity,
often
giving
a
sleeping
astronaut
the
look
of
a
funny
ballet
(芭蕾)
dancer.
“I’m
an
inside
guy,
”Mike
Hopkins
says,
who
returned
from
a
six-month
tour
on
the
International
Space
Station.
“I
like
to
be
wrapped
up.”
On
the
station,
the
ordinary
becomes
strange.The
exercise
bike
for
the
American
astronauts
has
no
handlebars.It
also
has
no
seat.With
no
gravity,
it’s
just
as
easy
to
pedal
violently.You
can
watch
a
movie
while
you
pedal
by
floating
a
microcomputer
anywhere
you
want.But
station
residents
have
to
be
careful
about
staying
in
one
place
too
long.Without
gravity
to
help
circulate
air,
the
carbon
dioxide
you
exhale
(呼气)
has
a
tendency
to
form
an
invisible
(隐形的)
cloud
around
your
head.You
can
end
up
with
what
astronauts
call
a
carbon-dioxide
headache.
Leroy
Chiao,
54,
an
American
retired
astronaut
after
four
flights,
describes
what
happens
even
before
you
float
out
of
your
seat.
“Your
inner
ear
thinks
you’re
falling.Meanwhile
your
eyes
are
telling
you
you’re
standing
straight.That
can
be
annoying—that’s
why
some
people
feel
sick.”
Within
a
couple
of
days—truly
terrible
days
for
some—astronauts’
brains
learn
to
ignore
the
panicky
signals
from
the
inner
ear,
and
space
sickness
disappears.
Space
travel
can
be
so
delightful
but
at
the
same
time
invisibly
dangerous.For
instance,
astronauts
lose
bone
mass.That’s
why
exercise
is
considered
so
vital
that
National
Aeronautics
and
Space
Administration
(NASA)
puts
it
right
on
the
workday
schedule.The
focus
on
fitness
is
as
much
about
science
and
the
future
as
it
is
about
keeping
any
individual
astronaut
healthy.NASA
is
worried
about
two
things:
recovery
time
once
astronauts
return
home,
and,
more
importantly,
how
to
maintain
strength
and
fitness
for
the
two
and
a
half
years
or
more
that
it
would
take
to
make
a
roundtrip
to
Mars.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，从不同角度介绍了在太空中生活时所面对的各种挑战。
21．What
is
the
major
challenge
to
astronauts
when
they
sleep
in
space？__A__
A．Deciding
on
a
proper
sleep
position.
B．Choosing
a
comfortable
sleeping
bag.
C．Seeking
a
way
to
fall
asleep
quickly.
D．Finding
a
right
time
to
go
to
sleep.
解析：细节理解题。第二段谈到宇航员在太空的睡眠，说睡姿是一个很大的问题(Its
position
presents
its
own
challenges.)，然后以胳膊是否应该放在睡袋里为例解释说明。由此可知宇航员在太空中睡觉时面临的最大问题是睡姿的问题。
22．The
astronauts
will
suffer
from
a
carbon-dioxide
headache
when
__C__.
A．they
circle
around
on
their
bikes
B．they
use
microcomputers
without
a
stop
C．they
exercise
in
one
place
for
a
long
time
D．they
watch
a
movie
while
pedaling
解析：细节理解题；第三段讲到宇航员面临的另外一个问题就是在锻炼的时候，由于没有重力帮助循环空气，宇航员呼出的二氧化碳有可能在头顶形成隐形的云朵，此时宇航员就会出现二氧化碳状态下的头疼，因此选C。
23．One
of
NASA’s
major
concerns
about
astronauts
is
__B__.
A．how
much
exercise
they
do
on
the
station
B．how
they
can
remain
healthy
for
long
in
space
C．whether
they
can
recover
after
returning
home
D．whether
they
are
able
to
go
back
to
the
station
解析：细节理解题。最后一段讲到美国国家航空航天局(NASA)关心宇航员的身体健康，他们关心宇航员回到家里之后的恢复期，更重要的是，如何让宇航员在进行火星探测的两年半或更长时间内保持身体健康，这与B项描述是一致的。
B
(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)
Bacteria
are
an
annoying
problem
for
astronauts.The
microorganisms
(微生物)
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.How
is
NASA
overcoming
this
very
tiny
big
problem?
It’s
turning
to
a
bunch
of
high
school
kids.But
not
just
any
kids.It
is
depending
on
NASA
HUNCH
high
school
classrooms,
like
the
one
science
teachers
Gene
Gordon
and
Donna
Himmelberg
lead
at
Fairport
High
School
in
Fairport,
New
York.
HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.For
the
past
two
years,
Gordon’s
students
have
been
studying
ways
to
kill
bacteria
in
zero
gravity,
and
they
think
they’re
close
to
a
solution
(解决方案)．“We
don’t
give
the
students
any
breaks.They
have
to
do
it
just
like
NASA
engineers，”
says
Florence
Gold,
a
project
manager.
“There
are
no
tests，”
Gordon
says.“There
is
no
graded
homework.There
almost
are
no
grades,
other
than
’Are
you
working
towards
your
goal？’
Basically,
it’s
’I’ve
got
to
produce
this
product
and
then,
at
the
end
of
the
year,
present
it
to
NASA．’
Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review,
and...it’s
not
a
very
nice
thing
at
times.It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.”
Gordon
says
the
HUNCH
program
has
an
impact
(影响)
on
college
admissions
and
practical
life
skills.“These
kids
are
so
absorbed
in
their
studies
that
I
just
sit
back.I
don’t
teach.”
And
that
annoying
bacteria?
Gordon
says
his
students
are
emailing
daily
with
NASA
engineers
about
the
problem,
readying
a
workable
solution
to
test
in
space.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。
24．What
do
we
know
about
the
bacteria
in
the
International
Space
Station？__A__
A．They
are
hard
to
get
rid
of.
B．They
lead
to
air
pollution.
C．They
appear
in
different
forms.
D．They
damage
the
instruments.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The
microorganisms
from
our
bodies
grow
uncontrollably
on
surfaces
of
the
International
Space
Station,
so
astronauts
spend
hours
cleaning
them
up
each
week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除。故答案为A。
25．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
HUNCH
program？__D__
A．To
strengthen
teacher-student
relationships.
B．To
sharpen
students’
communication
skills.
C．To
allow
students
to
experience
zero
gravity.
D．To
link
space
technology
with
school
education.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH
is
designed
to
connect
high
school
classrooms
with
NASA
engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。
26．What
do
the
NASA
engineers
do
for
the
students
in
the
program？__A__
A．Check
their
product.
B．Guide
project
designs.
C．Adjust
work
schedules.
D．Grade
their
homework.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers
come
and
really
do
an
in-person
review...It’s
a
hard
business
review
of
your
product.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。
27．What
is
the
best
title
for
the
text？__B__
A．NASA:
The
Home
of
Astronauts
B．Space:
The
Final
Homework
Frontier
C．Nature:
An
Outdoor
Classroom
D．HUNCH:
A
College
Admission
Reform
解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合起来，故答案为B。
C
US
Space
Agency
Returns
to
Mars
with
InSight
Lander
The
American
space
agency’s
lander
InSight
is
to
arrive
on
Mars
at
the
end
of
November,2018.Unlike
NASA’s
Curiosity
rover，InSight
will
not
move
across
the
planet’s
surface.Instead
it
will
become
the
first
spacecraft
(航天器)
used
only
for
exploring
underground.It
will
study
the
geography
of
Mars，searching
for
signs
of
Martian
(火星的)
quakes.
InSight
is
a
project
of
US
and
Europe.It
is
6
meters
long
and
1.5
meters
wide.It
weighs
360
kilograms.InSight’s
1
.8-meter
robotic
arm
will
put
two
experiments
in
place.Both
are
designed
to
explore
underground
of
Mars
to
learn
about
the
inside.
Bruce
Banerdt
is
the
lead
scientist
for
InSight.He
viewed
the
spacecraft
as
a
robot
that
can
take
care
of
itself.“It’s
got
its
own
brain.It’s
got
an
arm.It
can
listen
and
feel
things.It
pulls
its
own
power
out
of
the
sun，”
he
noted.
Thomas
Zurbuchen，one
of
the
heads
in
NASA，said
the
results
of
the
InSight
project
could
“change
the
way
we
think
about
the
inside
of
our
earth”．But，first，InSight
will
have
to
land
on
Mars
undamaged.Since
Mars
exploration
started
in
the
1960s，only
about
40
percent
of
the
explorations
have
succeeded.
Tom
Hoffman
is
InSight’s
project
manager.He
said
earlier
successes
do
not
lessen
the
concerns
for
each
new
exploration.“That
we’ve
done
it
before
doesn’t
mean
we’re
not
nervous
and
excited
about
doing
it
again，”
he
said.
InSight
will
enter
the
Martian
atmosphere
(大气层)
traveling
at
19,800
kilometers
an
hour.It
will
slow
for
landing
on
a
wide
flat
area
on
Mars.If
all
goes
well，InSight
could
carry
out
its
experiments
in
about
10
weeks.The
InSight
project
is
expected
to
continue
for
one
Martian
year，about
two
years
on
Earth.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍了美国航天局发射最新火星探测器InSight
Lander，对火星的地基结构做一个全面的分析。
28．What
is
the
difference
between
InSight
and
NASA’s
Curiosity
rover
？__D__
A．The
size.　　　　　　
B．The
design.
C．The
speed.
D．The
task.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Unlike
NASA’s
Curiosity
rover，InSight
will
not
move
across
the
planet’s
surface.”与美国宇航局的好奇号探测车不同，InSight不会在火星表面移动，可知，InSight与好奇号探测车的任务不同。故选D。
29．What
can
we
learn
from
the
passage？__C__
A．InSight
travels
at
an
unchanged
speed.
B．InSight
is
the
project
of
America
and
Japan.
C．InSight
has
the
functions
(功能)
of
a
robot.
D．InSight
is
mainly
powered
by
the
natural
gas.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He
viewed
the
spacecraft
as
a
robot
that
can
take
care
of
itself.’It’s
got
its
own
brain.It’s
got
an
arm.It
can
listen
and
feel
things.It
pulls
its
own
power
out
of
the
sun，’
he
noted.”可知，InSight有自己的大脑，有胳膊，可以听和感觉东西，是一个可以自己照顾自己的机器人。故选C。
30．What
will
be
one
of
the
contributions
(贡献)
of
the
InSight
project
according
to
Zurbuchen？__B__
A．It
will
help
us
understand
the
geography
of
Mars.
B．It
will
change
the
way
we
think
about
the
inside
of
the
earth.
C．It
will
help
carry
out
more
experiments
on
Mars.
D．It
will
get
more
information
about
the
reasons
for
Mars
quakes.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thomas
Zurbuchen，one
of
the
heads
in
NASA，said
the
results
of
the
InSight
project
could
’change
the
way
we
think
about
the
inside
of
our
earth’．”可知，托马斯·祖布臣表示，InSight项目的成果可能“改变我们对地球内部的看法”。故选B。
31．What
is
Hoffman’s
attitude
towards
this
exploration
of
the
InSight？__C__
A．Confident.
B．Satisfied.
C．Concerned.
D．Frightened.
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Tom
Hoffman
is
InSight’s
project
manager.He
said
earlier
successes
do
not
lessen
the
concerns
for
each
new
exploration.’That
we’ve
done
it
before
doesn’t
mean
we’re
not
nervous
and
excited
about
doing
it
again，’
he
said.”可知，Tom
Hoffman说早期的成功并没有减轻对每一次新勘探的担忧。故选C。
D
Oumuamua，an
object
falling
through
space
that
was
discovered
on
October
19th,2017，has
already
made
history.The
speed
at
which
it
is
moving
relative
to
the
sun
means
that
it
cannot
be
native
to
the
solar
system.Its
official
name
is
thus
Ⅱ/2017
UⅠ，with
the
“I”
standing
for
interstellar(星际)—the
first
time
this
name
has
ever
been
used.
That
is
exciting.Some
scientists，though，entertain
an
even
more
exciting
possibility
what
if
Oumuamua
is
not
an
asteroid(小行星)，as
most
think，but
an
alien(外星的)spacecraft？Asteroids
come
in
all
sorts
of
shapes
and
sizes，but
Oumuamua
seems
particularly
different.As
best
as
astronomers
can
tell，it
is
cigarlike，being
roughly
400
meters
long
but
only
about
40
meters
wide.That
makes
it
longer
than
anything
known
of
in
the
solar
system.Such
a
shape
would
be
a
sensible
choice
for
spaceship，since
it
would
minimize
the
scouring(冲刷)effort
of
interstellar
dust.
With
that
in
mind，the
Breakthrough
Listen
project，an
organization
aimed
at
hunting
for
alien
life，plans
to
turn
the
world’s
biggest
radio
telescope，the
Green
Bank
instrument
in
Virginia，towards
Oumuamua
to
see
if
it
can
hear
anything
interesting.Oumuamua
is
currently
about
twice
as
far
from
Earth
as
Earth
is
from
the
sun.At
that
range，the
telescope
should
be
sensitive
enough
to
pick
up
a
transmitter(发射机)about
as
powerful
as
a
mobile
phone
after
just
a
few
seconds—worth
of
observations.
Will
it
find
anything？Almost
certainly
not.Oumuamua
has
the
same
reddish
color
as
many
asteroids，so
probably
has
a
similar
composition.And
if
it
really
is
a
spaceship，it
is
strange
that
signs
of
its
artificial
origin
have
not
been
seen
already.It
could，in
theory，be
a
derelict(遗弃星球)．But
in
that
case
the
telescope
is
unlikely
to
hear
anything.By
far
the
most
likely
option
is
that
it
is
exactly
what
it
seems
to
be:
a
huge
space
rock，one
that
has
come
to
the
solar
system
from
the
vast
space
between
the
stars.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普类的文章。主要讲述了Oumuamua星际天体的发现及对其身份的猜测。
32．What
makes
some
scientists
think
Oumuamua
is
possibly
an
alien
spacecraft？__C__
A．Its
size.
B．Its
color.
C．Its
shape.
D．Its
speed.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Such
a
shape
would
be
a
sensible
choice
for
spaceship，since
it
would
minimize
the
scouring(冲刷)effort
of
interstellar
dust.”可知，是它的形状让一些科学家认为
Oumuamua可能是外星飞船。
33．What
does
the
underlined
word
“that”
in
the
third
paragraph
probably
mean？__D__
A．The
research
into
the
solar
system.
B．The
purpose
of
hunting
for
alien
life.
C．The
effect
of
interstellar
dust
on
Oumuamua.
D．The
possibility
of
Oumuamua
being
a
spaceship.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，有的学者猜测Oumuamua可能是外星飞船。再根据第三段第一句中的“an
organization
aimed
at
hunting
for
alien
life”可知，因为认为Oumuamua可能是外星飞船，所以才会引起“Breakthrough
Listen
project”的注意。故that指的是“Oumuamua是一艘外星飞船的可能性”。
34．What
is
Oumuamua
most
likely
to
be
according
to
the
author？__B__
A．An
asteroid.
B．A
space
rock.
C．Interstellar
dust.
D．An
alien
spacecraft.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“By
far
the
most
likely
option
is
that
it
is
exactly
what
it
seems
to
be：a
huge
space
rock”可知，Oumuamua最有可能是A
space
rock。
35．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
last
paragraph
that
__B__.
A．Oumuamua
will
return
to
where
it’s
from
soon
B．Oumuamua’s
real
identity
remains
to
be
found
out
C．astronomers
have
not
seen
signs
of
Oumuamua’s
artificial
origin
D．the
Green
Bank
telescope
has
already
heard
something
from
Oumuamua
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，
Oumuamua的真实身份还有待发现。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
You’ve
seen
news
reports
about
people
who
need
assistance
after
a
natural
disaster，or
TV
programs
about
how
lonely
and
isolated
older
people
can
get.Maybe
you’ve
walked
past
people
who
are
living
on
the
streets.__36.D__
The
answer:
you
can
volunteer.Volunteering
gives
you
an
opportunity
to
change
people’s
lives，including
your
own.Helping
others
in
need
is
such
an
important
part
of
life.So
how
do
you
go
about
it?
Find
what’s
right
for
you.
Volunteering
isn’t
school.__37.B__
You
can
choose
what
really
interests
you
and
who
or
what
is
most
deserving
of
your
time.
__38.F__
After
you’ve
discovered
what
interests
you，decide
how
much
time
you
want
to
spend
and
what
fits
into
your
schedule.
Expand
your
mind.
Volunteering
is
a
great
way
to
learn
new
skills—
from
working
as
part
of
a
team
to
setting
and
reaching
goals.__39.A__
And
it
can
help
you
develop
a
new
understanding
of
people
who
are
different
from
you—people
with
disabilities，people
in
financial
problems，sick
kids，or
the
elderly.
Feel
good.
Volunteering
helps
people
feel
they
make
a
difference—that
they
do
have
the
power
to
change
things
for
the
better.When
people
depend
on
you，it
can
change
the
way
you
look
at
yourself.__40.E__
Volunteering
is
also
a
great
way
to
get
a
view
on
your
own
life.
A．It
can
give
you
a
chance
to
discover
what
kinds
of
things
you’re
best
at
and
enjoy
most.
B．Instead
of
having
the
choices
made
for
you，you’ve
got
to
pick.
C．Doing
something
for
others
helps
people
to
change
the
world.
D．So
what
can
you
do
about
any
of
those
things?
E．You
can
feel
proud
of
what
you’ve
achieved.
F．Find
what
fits
your
schedule.
G．Change
things
for
the
better.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。志愿活动给了你一个改变人们生活的机会，包括改变你自己的生活。帮助有需要的人是生活中非常重要的一部分。本文讲述了做志愿活动的方法及好处。
解析：
36．上文提示“你看过自然灾害后关于需要帮助的人们的新闻报道，或者关于老年人如何孤独和孤立的电视节目。也许你已经从那些露宿街头的人身边走过。”承接上文，D项切题。该项中的“those
things”指的就是上文中提到的事情。
37．下文提示“你可以选择真正感兴趣的是什么，谁或者什么事情最值得你花时间。”承接下文，B项“Instead
of
having
the
choices
made
for
you，you’ve
got
to
pick.”切题。该项中的pick与下文中的choose相吻合。
38．此空是小标题，应该用短小精悍的祈使句，所以在F或G中选择。根据下文“After
you’ve
discovered
what
interests
you，decide
how
much
time
you
want
to
spend
and
what
fits
into
your
schedule.”由此推知F项“Find
what
fits
your
schedule.(找到适合你时间表的)”切题。
39．上文提示“志愿活动是学习新技能的好方法——从团队工作到设定和达到目标。”再根据下文提示“它可以帮助你对不同于你的人产生新的理解——残疾人，有经济问题的人，生病的孩子，或者老年人。”承接上下文，A项切题。该项中的It指代的是上文中的Volunteering并与下文的it
can并列。
40．上文提示“当人们依赖你的时候，它会改变你看待自己的方式。”承接上文，E项
You
can
feel
proud
of
what
you’ve
achieved.切题。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One
afternoon，I
was
walking
with
Evan
on
the
second
floor.I
talked
on
and
on
and
Evan
walked
__41.A__
in
front
of
me.As
we
turned
a
corner，Evan
__42.C__
me
and
said
the
ten
words，“Why
are
you
talking
to
me？I’m
not
your
friend.”
Those
were
the
exact
words
he
said
to
me
that
day.I
stood
there
__43.A__.He
kept
walking
and
never
looked
back.I
ran
off
to
my
next
class
with
tears
coming
up
in
my
eyes.
We
__44.D__
spoke
to
each
other
after
that.I
escaped
into
a
shell，like
a
turtle，to
hide
from
the
world.For
the
rest
of
my
time
in
middle
school，I
didn’t
__45.B__
myself
to
get
close
to
anyone.I
push
away
most
of
my
friends
for
fear
of
being
hurt
again.I
avoided
unnecessary
__46.B__.
It
wasn’t
until
high
school
that
I
was
able
to
__47.B__
my
head
out
of
my
shell
and
begin
trusting
people
again.But
even
today，I
am
still
__48.A__
in
choosing
who
I
open
up
to.It
takes
me
a
very
long
time
to
warm
up
to
__49.D__.
I
was
twelve
then.I
was
too
trusting
and
I
took
what
Evan
said
__50.A__.Maybe
he
was
having
a
bad
day
__51.B__
maybe
I
was
talking
too
much.In
my
view，what
he
said
to
me
that
day
__52.A__
the
course
of
my
life，but
if
weren’t
for
that
incident，I
wouldn’t
have
met
my
best
friends
in
high
school.
I
understand
that，in
middle
school，we
were
all
young.I’ve
been
able
to
__53.D__
all
the
people
who
bullied
me，but
for
some
__54.B__
I
can’t
seem
to
forgive
Evan.Those
words
that
day
hurt
me
more
than
anything.I
believe
that
one
day
I’ll
be
__55.C__
enough
to
forgive
Evan
too.But
right
now
I’m
still
that
twelve-year-old
running
down
the
hall
with
tears
filled
with
his
eyes.
文章大意：本文作者陈述了自己被朋友的言语伤害，以至于性格改变的事情。虽然随着年龄的增长，他逐渐走出阴影，但是这件事情对他产生的伤害却始终无法被抹去。
41．A．silently
B．carefully
C．suddenly
D．happily
解析：联系下文他对我说的“Why
are
you
talking
to
me？I’m
not
your
friend.”可知我在不停地说话时，他不吭声走在我前面。故选A。
42．A．argued
with
B．shouted
at
C．turned
to
D．reminded
of
解析：联系上文Evan走在我前面，可知当我们转弯时，他转向我，对我说了后面的话。故选C。
43．A．astonished
B．disappointed
C．frightened
D．amused
解析：根据Evan对我说的话“Why
are
you
talking
to
me？I’m
not
your
friend.”可判断我听到他说的这些话感到很惊讶。故选A。
44．A．frequently
B．willingly
C．attentively
D．rarely
解析：根据上文发生的事以及下句“我把自己藏到壳里”，可知自那之后，我们很少说话。故选D。
45．A．wish
B．allow
C．expect
D．force
解析：句意：在中学的剩余时间里，我不允许自己接近任何人。故选B。
46．A．outings
B．conversations
C．lessons
D．friends
解析：联系上文我把自己躲在壳里不接近任何人可知，我避免不必要的对话。故选B。
47．A．remain
B．stick
C．keep
D．hide
解析：句意：直到高中我才把头从壳里伸出来。stick
out
of
从……伸出。故选B。
48．A．cautious
B．alone
C．careless
D．simple-minded
解析：联系上文自己受到Evan的伤害，可知直到今天，我在选择向谁打开心扉时仍然很谨慎。故选A。
49．A．anything
B．everyone
C．nothing
D．someone
解析：联系上句我在择友时很谨慎，可知我要花很长时间才能对一个人变得友好。此句中warm
up
to“喜欢，对……变得较有好感，对……感到较易接受”。故选D。
50．A．seriously
B．wrongly
C．personally
D．easily
解析：句意：那时我12岁。我太容易相信别人，我把Evan的话太当真了。take
sth.seriously
认真对待，当真。故选A。
51．A．and
B．or
C．but
D．so
解析：句意：或许他那天心情不好或者我说太多话了。这里“Maybe
he
was
having
a
bad
day”和“maybe
I
was
talking
too
much”是选择关系，用or。故选B。
52．A．changed
B．helped
C．developed
D．achieved
解析：句意：在我看来，他那天对我说的话改变了我的生活轨迹。故选A。
53．A．forget
B．remember
C．apologize
D．forgive
解析：联系下句“I
can’t
seem
to
forgive
Evan.”可知我已经能原谅所有欺负我的人。故选D。
54．A．trouble
B．reason
C．idea
D．view
解析：句意：我已经能原谅所有欺负我的人，但是因为一些原因，我似乎不能原谅Evan。故选B。
55．A．warm-hearted
B．clever
C．mature
D．determined
解析：联系本段的开头，那时我们都太年轻，可知这里指我相信有一天我也能足够成熟而原谅Evan。故选C。
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
lot
of
films
have
tried
to
describe
the
afterlife
and
our
memories
of
family
members
who
have
passed
away，__56.but__
few
have
done
this
as
well
as
Coco，Disney-Pixar’s
latest
film.
__57.Inspired__(inspire)
by
the
Mexican
holiday
of
Dia
de
los
Muertos，or
Day
of
the
Dead，the
film
tells
the
story
of
a
young
boy
named
Miguel
who
wants
his
family
to
understand
his
love
of
music.On
that
year’s
Dia
de
los
Muertos，he
__58.accidentally__(accident)
ends
up
in
the
Land
of
the
Dead.While
there，Miguel
has
__59.an__
unforgettable
and
adventurous
night.
Family
is
a
__60.central__(center)
concept
in
Mexican
culture.On
Dia
de
los
Muertos，people
in
Mexico
honor
their
ancestors
by
putting
their
photos
up
on
a
family
shrine
(神龛)，__61.as__
is
shown
in
the
film，and
share
food
and
drinks
__62.to
keep__(keep)
the
spirits
of
their
family
members
alive.
“In
an
era
when
young
people
__63.are
attracted__
(attract)
by
celebrities
so
easily，Coco
reveals
the
__64.emptiness__(empty)
of
such
adulation
(谄媚)，teaching
kids
to
preserve
and
respect
the
memory
of
their
elders
while
__65.reminding__(remind)them
of
the
fact
that
the
source
of
true
creativity
is
so
often
personal，”
reporter
Peter
Debruge
wrote
for
Variety.
文章大意：文章介绍了迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作《寻梦环游记》。该片的灵感取自墨西哥亡灵节，制作团队创作了一个名叫米格尔的小男孩。他一直想让家人理解自己对音乐的热爱。那一年的亡灵节，他机缘巧合地踏入了亡灵之地并在那里度过了难忘而又惊险的一夜。
解析：
56．考查连词。句意：不少电影都试着刻画过往生世界以及我们对逝去亲人的追忆，但没有几部能比得上《寻梦环游记》这部迪士尼和皮克斯联手打造的动画巨作。前后表示转折，故填but。
57．考查非谓语动词。动词inspire的逻辑主语是film，电影和产生灵感是被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填Inspired。
58．考查副词。副词修饰动词。故填accidentally。
59．考查冠词。冠词修饰可数名词表示一个，unforgettable是以元音音素开头的单词，前面用an。
60．考查形容词。句意：家庭是墨西哥文化中的核心概念。形容词修饰名词，故填central。
61．考查关系代词。句意：就像电影中所呈现的那样，as引导定语从句，指代前面一件事，表示正如，作主语。故选as。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：正如电影中所呈现的那样，墨西哥人在亡灵节时都会在家族灵坛中摆放祖先的照片以纪念先人，并且供奉饮食以希望家人的亡灵永生。表示目的，用动词不定式。故选to
keep。
63．考查被动语态。主语年轻人们和吸引是被动关系，故填
are
attracted。
64．考查名词。冠词后用名词。故填emptiness。
65．考查非谓语动词。reminding与前文teaching并列。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
请根据下列内容介绍霍金(Stephen
Hawking)。
1．世界最著名的物理学家和宇宙学家之一，被世人誉为“宇宙之王”；
2．21岁患有一种奇怪的病，但他没失去信心，坚强地活了下来；
3．他提出了黑洞和灰洞理论，并写了《时间简史》一书，此书被译为40多种语言；
4．2018年3月，霍金在76岁时去世，世人因他在科学上的成就而尊敬和纪念他。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：宇宙学家cosmologist；《时间简史》A
Brief
History
of
Time
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Stephen
Hawking
is
one
of
the
most
famous
physicists
and
cosmologists,
and
is
known
as
the
King
of
the
Universe.At
the
age
of
21,
Hawking
suffered
from
a
strange
disease,
but
he
never
lost
heart
and
survived.He
was
optimistic
about
life.
Hawking
came
up
with
the
theories
of
black
holes
and
grey
holes.He
wrote
a
book
named
A
Brief
History
of
Time,
which
has
been
translated
into
more
than
40
languages.In
March,
2018,
Hawking
passed
away.He
will
be
respected
and
remembered
by
the
world
for
his
great
achievements
in
science.
第二节：读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
There
was
a
thick
forest
on
the
sides
of
a
mountain.Many
kinds
of
animals
lived
in
the
forest.A
deer
was
eating
grass
and
leaves
with
her
two
young
ones.The
young
ones
wandered
happily
here
and
there.The
deer
followed
her
fawns
(幼鹿)into
a
cave.The
deer
was
frightened
because
it
was
a
tiger’s
cave.There
were
bones
of
dead
animals
all
over
the
cave.Fortunately,
the
tiger
was
not
inside
the
cave
at
the
time.
The
deer
was
trying
to
lead
her
young
ones
out
of
the
cave
when
she
heard
a
loud
roar.She
saw
the
tiger
at
a
distance
coming
towards
the
cave.It
was
dangerous
to
go
out
of
the
cave
now.She
thought
of
a
plan.The
deer
raised
her
voice
and
shouted,
“My
deer
young
children，do
not
weep.I
shall
capture(捕捉)a
tiger
for
you
to
eat.You
can
have
a
good
dinner.”
The
tiger
heard
these
words
and
became
frightened.He
thought,
“Whose
is
that
strange
voice
from
the
cave?
A
dangerous
animal
is
staying
inside
to
capture
me.I
shall
run
away
to
escape
death.”
The
tiger
began
to
run
away
from
there
as
fast
as
possible.
A
jackal
(胡狼)saw
the
running
tiger.“Why
are
you
running
in
great
fear？”
the
jackal
asked.The
tiger
said，“My
friend,
a
powerful
and
fierce
animal
is
in
my
cave.The
young
ones
are
crying
for
a
tiger
to
eat.The
mother
is
promising
to
capture
a
tiger
for
them.So,
I
am
running
away.”
The
cunning
jackal
was
now
sure
the
tiger
was
a
coward(懦夫)．It
said,
“Don’t
be
afraid.No
animal
is
fiercer
or
stronger
than
a
tiger.Let
us
go
together
to
find
out.”
But
the
tiger
said,
“I
do
not
want
to
take
a
chance.You
may
run
away.I
will
be
left
alone
to
die.So,
I
will
not
come
with
you.”
The
jackal
said,
“Trust
me.Let
us
knot
(打结)our
tails
together.Then
I
will
not
be
able
to
leave
you.”
The
tiger
agreed
unwillingly
to
this
proposal.So
the
jackal
tied
their
tails
in
a
knot.Now
they
walked
towards
the
cave
together.
Paragraph
1：
The
deer
saw
the
jackal
and
the
tiger
coming
together._____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
The
tiger
was
shocked
to
hear
this
and
he
was
sure
now
the
jackal
cheated
him.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph
1：
The
deer
saw
the
jackal
and
the
tiger
coming
together.She
again
raised
her
voice.She
shouted
towards
her
children
standing
inside
the
cave.“My
dear
children，I
requested
my
friend，the
clever
jackal
to
capture
a
tiger
for
us.Now
look,
the
jackal
has
captured
a
tiger
for
us.He
has
tied
the
tiger’s
tail
to
his
tail.This
is
to
prevent
the
tiger
from
escaping.You
will
soon
have
the
tiger
for
dinner.”
Paragraph
2：
The
tiger
was
shocked
to
hear
this
and
he
was
sure
now
the
jackal
cheated
him.So
the
tiger
decided
to
escape
from
the
terrible
animal
standing
inside
his
cave.He
started
running.He
forgot
about
the
jackal.He
dragged
the
jackal
over
rocks
and
thorns.In
the
mad
escape
the
jackal
was
caught
between
two
rocks.The
tiger
pulled
with
all
his
might.His
tail
got
cut.The
jackal
was
killed
in
this
incident.The
tail-less
tiger
ran
away
to
another
part
of
the
forest.The
deer
and
her
young
ones
left
the
tiger’s
cave.They
joined
their
herd
safely.Presence
of
mind
and
intelligence
can
save
one
from
dangerous
situations.
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅰ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Liu
Yang,
a
woman
Chinese
__astronaut__(宇航员),
did
some
scientific
experiments
in
the
spaceship.
2．Police
insist
that
Michael
did
not
follow
the
correct
__procedure__(程序)
in
applying
for
a
visa.
3．Most
of
his
best-known
works
were
produced
during
his
final
two
years,
when
he
was
suffering
from
serious
__mental__(精神的)
illness.
4．Nick
is
good,
kind,
hard-working
and
__intelligent__(聪明的)；in
a
word,
I
can’t
speak
too
highly
of
him.
5．We
hope
the
space
__rocket__(火箭)
will
land
safely
on
Mars.
6．When
we
get
closer
to
the
moon,
we
shall
feel
its
__gravity__(引力)
pulling
us.
7．The
size
of
the
chicken
pieces
will
__determine__(决定)
the
cooking
time.
8．The
__satellite__(卫星)
moves
around
the
Earth
once
every
hundred
minutes.
9．I
want
to
have
an
all-electric
__vehicle__(车辆)
in
my
lifetime.
10．They
are
hoping
to
learn
more
about
how
the
__universe__(宇宙)
expands
and
shrinks.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．She
gave
me
a
__determined__(determine)
look—the
kind
of
look
that
said
she
would
never
change
her
mind.
2．When
things
go
wrong,
all
of
us
naturally
feel
__disappointed__(disappoint)
and
frustrated.
3．Hearing
the
__disappointing__(disappoint)
news,
he
was
too
sad
to
control
himself.
4．Everyone
has
a
desire
__for__
success,
but
not
everyone
desires
to
get
rich.
5．Eventually
your
child
will
leave
home
to
lead
her
own
life
as
a
fully
__independent__
(dependent)
adult.
6．I’ve
got
to
go
__over__
my
notes
for
tomorrow’s
exam.
7．Jack
is
the
right
person
you
can
rely
on
to
carry
__on__
the
research
when
you
are
on
vacation
for
the
next
two
weeks.
8．__In__
the
hope
of
saving
others
some
time,
I
am
listing
a
few
of
the
problems
I
found.
9．The
government
put
up
the
price
of
cigarettes
so
as
__to
stop__(stop)
people
buying
them.
10．Mastering
the
technology
makes
__it__
possible
for
us
to
use
the
Internet
more
effectively.
Ⅱ．选词填空
focus
on，carry
on，in
the
hope
of，be
determined
to，dock
with，lead
to，on
board，make
progress
1．People
believe
in
the
importance
of
__carrying
on__
space
exploration.
2．There
are
lots
of
astronauts
from
different
countries
__on
board__.
3．Mankind
is
exploring
the
space
__in
the
hope
of__
finding
out
more
about
the
universe.
4．It
can
__lead
to__
an
accident
that
kills
everyone
on
the
large
aircraft.
5．However，some
scientists
__are
determined
to__
help
humans
realize
their
dream.
6．China
launched
the
Tiangong
2
space
lab
into
space
and
Tianzhou
1
to
__dock
with__
it.
7．China’s
space
programme
started
late,
but
it
has
__made
progress__
in
a
short
time.
8．At
that
time
the
USSR
__focused
on__
sending
people
into
space.
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．I
live
__in
the
hope
of__
meeting
with
him；but
this
meeting
is
not
yet.
我活在与他相见的希望中，但这相见的时间还未到来。
2．He
was
__the
last
person
to
express__
his
opinion
among
us.
他是我们中最后一个发表意见的人。
3．As
soon
as
we
went
__on
board__，our
ship
left
port.
我们一上船，船就出港了。
4．We
will
__carry
on__
our
discussion
tomorrow.
我们明天将继续讨论。
5．Unfair
bosses
and
rude
staff
__make
us
unhappy__.
不公正的老板和粗鲁的店员让我们不愉快。
6．Encouraged
by
what
the
teacher
said,
the
boy
returned
to
his
seat,
__determined
to
study
harder__.(determined)
受到老师所说的话的鼓励，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力学习。
7．By
__focusing
on
saving__
oil,
water,
paper,
food,
and
clothing,
we
are
playing
a
part
in
cutting
down
on
waste.(focus)
通过关注节约油、水、纸张、食品和衣物，我们在减少浪费方面正发挥着作用。
8．The
tour
guide
__signalled
(to)
us
to
follow
her__.(signal)
导游示意大家跟着她走。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long
long
ago,
human
beings
held
a
dream
that
one
day
they
could
leave
Earth
and
explore
space.
After
many
experiments,
the
scientists
succeeded
__1.in__
making
rockets
that
could
escape
Earth’s
gravity
and
the
__2.impossible__
(possible)
dream
came
true.On
4
October
1957,
the
Sputnik
1
satellite
__3.was
launched__
(launch)
by
the
USSR
and
successfully
orbited
around
Earth.
On
20
July
1969,
American
astronaut
Neil
Armstrong
stepped
onto
the
moon,
__4.saying__
(say),
“That’s
one
small
step
for
[a]
man,
one
giant
leap
for
mankind.”
Although
scientists
tried
to
make
sure
nothing
went
wrong,
some
accidents
still
happened,
which
made
everyone
sad
and
disappointed.But
the
desire
__5.to
explore__
(explore)
the
universe
never
died.__6.An__
example
of
the
ongoing
exploration
is
the
International
Space
Station.
China’s
space
programme
started
later
than
those
of
Russia
and
the
US,
__7.but__
it
has
developed
very
fast.In
2003,
China
sent
the
Shenzhou
5
spacecraft
into
space
__8.independently__
(independent)．Then
Shenzhou
6
and
7
completed
a
second
manned
orbit
and
the
first
Chinese
spacewalk,
__9.followed__
(follow)
by
the
vehicle
Jade
Rabbit
being
sent
to
the
moon.
More
recently,
China
has
sent
Chang’e
4
to
explore
the
surface
of
the
far
side
of
the
moon
to
make
measurements
and
observations.
Europe,
the
US,
and
China
all
have
plans
to
further
explore
__10.planets__
(planet)
like
Mars
and
Jupiter.Though
there
exist
many
difficulties,
scientists
hope
that
future
discoveries
will
not
only
enable
us
to
understand
how
the
universe
began,
but
also
help
us
survive
well
into
the
future.
解析：
1．考查介词。succeed
in
doing
sth.表示成功做成了某事，故填in。
2．考查形容词。空处修饰名词dream，应用形容词，且由语境可知，此处表示不可能(实现)的，故填impossible。
3．考查时态和语态。由时间状语On
4
October
1957可知，应用过去时，satellite与launch之间为动宾关系，故填was
launched。
4．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作伴随状语，且与主语American
astronaut
Neil
Armstrong之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词saying。
5．考查非谓语动词。由语境可知，此处表示探索宇宙的愿望从未消亡。空处作后置定语，说明desire的内容，故应用不定式to
explore。
6．考查冠词。example在此表示“例子”，为可数名词，此处泛指一个例子，应用不定冠词，example的发音以元音音素开头，故填An。
7．考查连词。由语境可知，空处前后之间为转折关系，故填but。
8．考查副词。由语境可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰谓语sent，表示“独立地”，故填副词independently。
9．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，与句子主语之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词。
10．考查名词的数。planet为可数名词，且由空后的Mars
and
Jupiter可知，此处应用复数形式。
Ⅵ.结合课文主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇50词左右的短文
1．人们一直梦想着探索太空(explore
space)，然而一些人认为到太空旅行(travelling
into
space)是不可能的。
2．经过多次的实验之后，苏联在1957年成功地发射了第一颗卫星(launch
the
first
satellite)。尤里·加加林在1961年成为第一个登上太空的人(the
first
person
to
go
into
space)。
3．因此(as
a
result)，人类探索太空的梦想得以实现。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
People
have
always
dreamed
of
exploring
space.
However,
some
people
thought
travelling
into
space
was
impossible.After
many
experiments,
the
USSR
succeeded
in
launching
the
first
satellite
in
1957.In
1961,
Yuri
Gagarin
became
the
first
person
to
go
into
space.As
a
result,
humans
realise
their
dream
to
go
into
space.
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅰ
请同学们认真完成
[练案13]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Scientists
say
the
surface
of
the
Earth
is
cracked
(破裂)
like
a
__giant__(巨大的)
eggshell.
2．We
__desire__(期望)
that
immediate
help
be
given
to
the
local
villagers
who
have
been
trapped
by
the
flood.
3．We
are
__determined__(有决心的)
to
get
the
work
done
before
New
Year’s
Day.
4．Every
time
I
catch
sight
of
myself
in
the
mirror,
I
feel
so
__disappointed__(沮丧的)．
5．Peter
will
take
up
his
post
as
the
head
of
the
travel
__agency__(代理处)
at
the
end
of
next
month.
6．The
countries
are
__independent__(独立的)
and
are
governed
in
different
ways.
7．Early
astronomers
thought
that
our
planet
was
the
centre
of
the
__universe__(宇宙)．
8．The
railway
__signal__(信号)was
on
red,
so
the
train
stopped.
9．The
__frontier__(国界)
is
so
well
guarded
that
no
one
can
get
across.
10．In
thirty
years
from
now
the
United
States
should
have
a
manned
__spacecraft__(宇宙飞船)
on
Mars.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．As
a
student
in
senior
high
school,
the
most
important
task
is
to
study
hard,
which
__determines__
(determine)
our
future.
2．They
didn’t
take
the
activity
seriously.It
was
not
well
organised,
which
made
us
very
__disappointed__(disappoint)．
3．Your
parents
always
try
their
best
to
satisfy
all
your
__desires__(desire)．
4．After
that,
I
got
used
to
correct
my
own
homework
and
became
more
__independent__
(independence)．
5．It
took
them
an
entire
day
to
go
__through__
the
forest.
6．I
often
look
__up__
the
new
words
in
the
dictionary.
7．It’s
difficult
to
carry
__on__
the
discussion
with
all
this
noise
around
us.
8．We
looked
through
many
books
__in__
the
hope
of
getting
further
information.
9．He
turned
off
the
light
so
as
__to
fall__(fall)
asleep
quickly.
10．Not
only
Tom
but
also
I
__am__(be)
fond
of
swimming.
Ⅱ．选词填空
succeed
in，on
board，find
out，look
up
at，believe
in，in
the
hope
of，go
wrong，carry
on
1．There
can
be
no
doubt
that
you
will
__succeed
in__
your
scientific
research.
2．They
need
to
interview
some
people
and
__find
out__
if
they
like
their
jobs.
3．Later
we
learnt
that
there
was
a
very
important
person
__on
board__.
4．You
__look
up
at__
the
sky
and
if
it’s
clear,
it
is
a
good
day
and
you’re
happy.
5．Some
of
his
supporters
have
stopped
__believing
in__
him.
6．When
things
__go
wrong__
at
work,
our
health
can
suffer.
7．Her
bravery
has
given
him
the
will
to
__carry
on__
with
his
life
and
his
work.
8．They
moved
to
Liège
__in
the
hope
of__
getting
better
treatment.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Some
new
comets
(彗星)
have
been
discovered
accidentally
by
amateur
(业余的)
astronomers.
Surprisingly
a
few
bright
comets
have
been
discovered
with
the
naked
eye
(肉眼)
by
members
of
the
general
public.However,
a
great
number
of
comets
are
found
by
comet
hunters
carrying
out
telescope
searches
of
chosen
areas
of
the
night
sky.
As
the
movement
of
all
comets
is
directed
around
the
Sun
and
because
these
bodies
brighten
as
they
move
towards
the
Sun,
there
is
a
greater
possibility
for
the
discovery
of
a
new
comet
in
the
skies
towards
the
Sun
rather
than
away
from
the
Sun’s
direction.This
means
that
searches
should
be
put
on
the
western
sky
after
evening
light
and
on
the
eastern
sky
before
morning
light.
From
the
astronomical
point
there
is
no
time
during
the
year
which
is
the
best
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets.A
search
can
be
done
at
any
time
providing
there
is
no
bright
Moon.
Studies
done
on
the
discovery
conditions
of
comets
discovered
before
show
that
more
comets
have
been
discovered
in
the
morning
sky
than
in
the
evening
sky.Thus
the
smart
comet
hunter
should
make
sure
that
morning
activity
receives
as
much
if
not
more
attention
than
any
evening
effort.
In
recent
times,
the
use
of
advanced
CCD
technology
to
discover
objects
close
to
the
Earth
will
in
the
future
greatly
reduce
the
chances
of
new
comets
being
found
with
small
telescopes.An
example
of
the
new
technology
is
the
very
successful
LINEAR
program
operating
in
New
Mexico.However,
until
a
similar
system
is
based
in
the
southern
half
of
the
Earth
there
will
continue
to
be
chances
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets
which
come
from
the
south.
文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。
1．What
are
comet
hunters
advised
to
do？__D__
A．Look
away
from
the
Sun.
B．Stay
where
there’s
bright
light.
C．Face
the
western
sky
in
the
daytime.
D．Turn
to
the
east
in
the
early
morning.
解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的“This
means
that
searches
should
be
put
on
the
western
sky
after
evening
light
and
on
the
eastern
sky
before
morning
light.”可知，早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。故选D。
2．What
do
we
know
about
the
time
for
the
discovery
of
new
comets？__C__
A．Days
when
they’re
close
to
the
Earth
are
great
chances.
B．Certain
fixed
days
are
best
for
watching
comets.
C．Every
day
is
the
same
if
there’s
no
bright
Moon.
D．Days
with
the
Moon
should
never
be
missed.
解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的“A
search
can
be
done
at
any
time
providing
there
is
no
bright
Moon.”可知，只要没有月亮，每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。故选C。
3．Which
of
the
following
is
a
smart
idea
for
comet
hunters？__B__
A．Paying
more
attention
in
the
morning
than
in
the
afternoon.
B．Being
equally
serious
both
in
the
morning
and
afternoon.
C．Being
more
relaxed
in
the
morning
than
in
the
afternoon.
D．Forming
a
habit
of
working
only
in
the
morning.
解析：推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thus
the
smart
comet
hunter
should
make
sure
that
morning
activity
receives
as
much
if
not
more
attention
than
any
evening
effort.”可知，早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。故选B。
4．What
can
be
inferred
about
the
CCD
technology？__B__
A．It’s
similar
to
a
telescope.
B．It’ll
disappoint
comet
hunters.
C．It’s
spreading
all
over
the
world.
D．It’ll
make
comet
hunters
feel
lucky.
解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“the
use
of
advanced
CCD
technology...greatly
reduce
the
chances
of
new
comets
being
found
with
small
telescopes”可知，这种技术降低了追星猎人发现新的彗星的概率，因此他们应该会感到有些失望。故选B。
Ⅱ．七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How
to
change
the
world
You
want
to
change
the
world,
but
you
aren’t
sure
where
to
start.First,
remember
that
changing
the
world
can
mean
so
many
different
things.
Understand
what’s
wrong.
__1.A__
The
world
is
such
a
big
place,
so
you
won’t
be
able
to
change
much
if
you
don’t
understand
what’s
going
on
out
there.Try
to
learn
about
what
is
happening
both
home
and
abroad.
Know
that
change
doesn’t
come
overnight.
__2.G__
Try
to
live
your
values
each
day,
even
if
you
don’t
see
much
change
on
a
day-to-day
level.Work
hard
and
don’t
give
up.
Start
small.
Find
ways
to
make
a
difference
every
day.It
may
feel
as
though
you
are
just
one
tiny
part
of
a
huge
system.At
first,
you
almost
certainly
will
be.Be
patient.
__3.C__
Try
to
put
your
activism
into
practice
and
make
it
a
reality.
__4.B__
Write
letters
to
newspapers；post
an
article,
video,
or
idea
on
the
Internet；wear
a
special
T-shirt.If
you
think
that
it
is
important
and
worthy
of
attention,
try
to
raise
awareness
(意识)
by
telling
as
many
people
as
you
can.
Consider
a
career
(事业)．
Think
about
which
sort
of
job
might
put
you
in
the
best
position
to
change
the
world.__5.E__
There
are
a
lot
of
ways
to
get
paid
for
adding
value
to
the
world.Start
researching
to
find
jobs
in
fields
that
feel
valuable.
A．Read
the
news.
B．Spread
the
word.
C．All
things
begin
small
D．Remember
that
you
don’t
need
to
do
it
alone.
E．You
could
be
teacher,
a
reporter,
or
something
else.
F．There
are
other,
less
public
ways
to
show
your
support!
G．Don’t
expect
to
change
the
world
with
one
big
heroic
act.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了改变世界的几种方法。
解析：
1．由该段小标题Understand
what’s
wrong和本段中的“Try
to
learn
about
what
is
happening
both
home
and
abroad.”可知，要改变世界，首先得多看新闻，了解目前国内外的形势，哪些问题需要改进，故选A项。
2．由该段小标题Know
that
change
doesn’t
come
overnight和本段中的“Try
to
live
your
values
each
day”可知，任何改变都不是一夜之间就发生的，所以不要想着通过一次英勇的行为就改变世界，故选G项。
3．由该段小标题
Start
small可知，要从点滴做起，C项内容符合此处语境。
4．由该段中的“Write
letters
to
newspapers...wear
a
special
T-shirt”等信息可知，要让大家知道你的想法，故用B项作为小标题最恰当。
5．由该段小标题Consider
a
career和本段中的“Think
about
which
sort
of
job...to
change
the
world.”可知，这里谈论职业的选择，故选E项。
Ⅱ．语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·新课标Ⅰ卷)
China
has
become
the
first
country
to
land
a
spacecraft
on
the
far
side
of
the
moon.
The
unmanned
Chang’e-4
probe
(探测器)—the
name
was
inspired
by
an
ancient
Chinese
moon
goddess
—__1.touched__
(touch)
down
last
week
in
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.
Landing
on
the
moon’s
far
side
is
__2.extremely__
(extreme)
challenging.
Because
the
moon’s
body
blocks
direct
radio
communication
with
a
probe,
China
first
had
to
put
a
satellite
in
orbit
above
the
moon
in
a
spot
__3.where__
it
could
send
signals
to
the
spacecraft
and
to
Earth.
The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
of
particular
__4.interest__
(interesting)
to
scientists
because
it
has
a
lot
of
deep
craters
(环形山),
more
so
__5.than__
the
familiar
near
side.
Chinese
researchers
hope
to
use
the
instruments
onboard
Chang’e-4
__6.to
find__
(find)
and
study
areas
of
the
South
Pole-Aitken
basin.
“This
really
excites
scientists，”
Carle
Pieters,
a
scientist
at
Brown
University,
says,
“because
it
__7.means__
(mean)
we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
__8.is
constructed__
(construct)．”
Data
about
the
moon’s
composition,
such
as
how
__9.much__
ice
and
other
treasures
it
contains,
could
help
China
decide
whether
__10.its__
(it)
plans
for
a
future
lunar
(月球的)
base
are
practical.
文章大意：这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
解析：
1．考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last
week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2．考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。
3．考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a
spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
4．考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be
of
interest
to
sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
5．考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more
so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to
find。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle
Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This
really
excites
scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the
moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the
moon是单数，故填is
constructed。
9．考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
10．考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅲ
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．Universities
call
all
the
students
to
learn
to
__recycle__(回收利用)
all
the
waste
paper.
2．To
avoid
knee
pain,
you
can
run
on
soft
surfaces,
do
exercises
to
strengthen
your
leg
__muscles__(肌肉),
avoid
hills
and
get
good
running
shoes.
3．Many
people
__lack__(缺乏)
the
awareness
of
wildlife
protection,
resulting
in
hunting
the
animals
illegally.
4．There
is
a
lot
of
rubbish
__floating__(漂浮)
on
the
surface
of
the
river.
5．The
topic
you
choose
should
not
be
too
narrow.__Otherwise__(否则),
it
is
very
difficult
to
accumulate
(积累)stamps
around
the
topic.
6．The
price
of
the
house
is
so
high
that
it
is
well
__beyond__(超出)
our
range.
7．To
catch
up
with
the
times,
we
must
keep
ourselves
informed
of
the
__current__(目前的)
news.
8．The
money
to
build
the
power
station
ought
to
have
been
__sufficient__(足够的)．
9．They
__argued__(辩论)
for
two
days
on
the
end
but
didn’t
reach
any
agreement.
10．He
is
a
__shallow__(肤浅的)
thinker
whose
opinions
aren’t
worth
much.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．While
college
graduates
complain
of
a
lack
__of__
available
jobs,
factories
are
facing
difficulties
in
hiring
workers.
2．Polar
bears
off
Alaska
normally
hunt
and
raise
their
young
on
ice
sheets
__floating__(float)
on
the
ocean.
3．Don’t
break
your
word,
__otherwise__
no
one
will
trust
you.
4．It’s
no
use
arguing
with
him
__about/over__
the
question
for
he
won’t
change
his
opinion.
5．While
__regularly__(regular)
eating
out
seems
to
have
become
common
for
many
young
people
in
recent
years,
it’s
not
without
a
cost.
6．The
natural
resources
that
we
rely
on
are
__limited__(limit)．Therefore
we
have
no
reason
to
waste
the
precious
resources.
7．People
are
beginning
to
attach
much
more
importance
__to__
their
health
these
days
than
ever
before.
8．A
false
step
will
make
a
great
difference
__to__
my
future.
9．When
fat
and
salt
are
removed
from
food,
the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.As
__a__
result,
people
will
eat
more
food
to
try
to
make
up
for
that
something
missing.
10．I
am
writing
to
see
if
it
is
possible
for
you
to
provide
me
__with__
information
regarding
the
job.
Ⅱ．选词填空
result
in，run
out，look
forward
to，provide...for...
，be
against，run
out
of
1．I
learned
that
shouting
and
threats
of
punishment
would
__result
in__
a
disaster.
2．Long
before
the
boat
reached
safety,
the
supplies
of
food
and
water
__had
run
out__.
3．I’m
__looking
forward
to__
visiting
the
art
gallery
next
week.
4．The
hospital
has
a
commitment
to
__provide__
the
best
possible
medical
care
__for__
the
local
people.
5．I
didn’t
gather
from
his
expression
whether
he
__was
against__
or
for
the
plan.
6．They
are
afraid
that
the
world
will
soon
__run
out
of__
oil
and
be
short
of
food.
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．The
pollution
of
the
river
has
__resulted
in__
unsafe
drinking
water.
河流的污染导致饮用水不安全。
2．__As
a
result__，I
finally
succeeded.
结果，我最终成功了。
3．We
cannot
just
__run
out__
of
money
six
months
later.
我们不能在六个月后就把钱花光。
4．__In
closing
__，Class
of
2002,
we
would
like
to
leave
you
with
some
words
of
wisdom.
2002届的同学们，最后，我们将留给你们一些至理名言。
5．He
himself
__provided
for__
such
a
big
family
by
selling
newspapers.
他靠卖报纸养活了这么一个大家庭。
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People
hold
different
views
on
whether
much
money
and
energy
should
be
spent
in
__1.exploring__(explore)
space.
In
fact,
exploring
space
has
already
made
a
great
difference
in
our
life.Now
a
number
of
satellites
__2.are
orbiting__
(orbit)
Earth,
many
of
which
have
transmitted
important
data
to
scientists
on
Earth.
After
careful
analysis,
the
scientists
can
provide
__3.useful__
(use)
recommendations
and
advice
for
farmers.
__4.As__
a
result,
space-based
science
has
helped
farming
in
its
efforts
__5.to
grow__
(grow)
enough
food
to
feed
Earth’s
increasing
population.
Space
exploration
has
a
big
impact
on
our
life.High-end
products
are
made
to
a
higher
standard
because
of
advanced
technology
which
was
first
created
to
meet
the
__6.requirements__(require)
for
space
exploration.
Today,
space
technologies
are
widely
used
in
all
kinds
of
industries,
and
everyday
products
such
as
GPS,
memory
foam
pillows,
__7.and__
smartphone
cameras
are
changing
our
lives.
Sending
astronauts
into
space
has
helped
people
to
think
about
the
world’s
problems.Seeing
pictures
of
our
planet
as
__8.an__
island
in
a
black
sea
made
people
realise
that
our
planet’s
resources
are
limited.In
order
to
provide
for
such
a
__9.rapidly__
(rapid)
increasing
population,
scientists
are
trying
to
find
other
planets
__10.that/which__
could
one
day
be
our
new
home.All
in
all,
exploring
space
provides
the
world
with
many
different
benefits.
解析：
1．考查非谓语动词。“spend...in
doing...”为固定结构，表示“花费金钱/精力等做某事”。
2．考查动词的时态和语态。空处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语Now以及语境可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时；satellites为复数形式，与orbit之间为主谓关系，故填are
orbiting。
3．考查形容词。空处作定语修饰recommendations
and
advice，故用形容词useful。
4．考查介词。as
a
result为固定搭配，表示“因此”，故填As。
5．考查非谓语动词。in
an/one’s
effort
to
do
sth.为固定短语，故填to
grow。
6．考查名词的数。requirement在此表示“必要条件，必备的条件”，是可数名词，且根据语境可知，此处应用复数形式，故填requirements。
7．考查连词。由语境可知，smartphone
cameras与前面的GPS，memory
foam
pillows为并列关系，故填and。
8．考查冠词。island为可数名词，此处泛指一座岛屿，且island的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
9．考查副词。空处修饰increasing，应用副词，表示增长迅速，故填rapidly。
10．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰planets，并在从句中作主语，故填that或which。
PAGEUnit
4
Space
Exploration
Unit
4　Section
Ⅲ
请同学们认真完成
[练案15]
一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．As
the
income
is
increasing,
the
__pattern__(模式)
of
family
life
has
been
changing
over
recent
years.
2．They
actually
__monitor__(监视)
the
movement
of
the
fish
going
up
river.
3．In
my
free
time,
I’ll
continue
to
take
__regular__(经常的)
exercise,
such
as
swimming,
running
and
various
ball
games.
4．Secondly,
we
had
better
try
our
best
to
recycle
something
so
that
we
can
have
more
__resources__(资源)
to
use.
5．In
addition,
the
information
about
each
word
in
a
pocket
dictionary
is
generally
__limited__(有限的)．
6．After
that,
what
happened
to
the
Amber
Room
(琥珀屋)remains
a
__mystery__(谜)．
7．You
are
required
to
__attach__(贴，系)
an
introduction
to
your
invention
so
that
others
can
know
how
to
use
it.
8．If
headaches
only
occur
at
night,
lack
of
fresh
air
and
__oxygen__(氧气)
is
often
the
cause.
9．Are
they
attempting
to
limit
our
work
through
their
__facility__(设备)
at
this
time?
10．It
would
clearly
be
__fatal__(致命的)
for
Europe
to
quarrel
seriously
with
America.
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．Though
__lacking__(lack)
money
and
support
from
his
family,
he
managed
to
complete
the
task
in
advance.
2．I
managed
to
argue
her
into
not
__going__(go)
out
alone
at
midnight.
3．Both
teams
train
for
two
hours
a
day
and
participate
in
competitions
__regularly__
(regular)．
4．Having
realized
that
your
time
is
__limited__(limit),
you’ll
have
to
study
for
your
goals
without
anger
and
hesitation.
5．The
couple
set
__a__
limit
to
the
expense
of
the
trip
for
their
daughter.
6．One
day,
when
I
opened
my
book,
I
found
a
beautiful
card
__attached__(attach)
to
the
first
page,
giving
me
best
wishes.
7．Let’s
figure
__out__
what
is
missing
and
see
if
there
are
any
fingerprints
left
behind.
8．We
are
now
in
great
trouble，so
your
financial
aid
will
certainly
make
a
__difference__
(different)．
9．Large
quantities
of
clothes
and
food
are
provided
__for__
the
earthquake
areas.
10．He
was
cooking
some
delicious
food
in
the
kitchen.Suddenly,
he
found
that
he
had
run
__out__
of
salt.
Ⅱ．选词填空
all
kinds
of，run
out
of，as
a
result，in
closing，such
as，in
order
to，make
a
difference，provide...for
1．It
is
obvious
that
China
will
__make
a
difference__
in
the
world
today
and
tomorrow.
2．The
competition
will
__provide__
an
opportunity
__for__
you
to
feel
the
enthusiasm
for
learning
Chinese
poetry.
3．As
a
forgetful
person,
Bob
often
forgets
having
done
something,
and
__as
a
result__，he
will
do
the
same
once
more.
4．Besides,
you’d
better
bring
some
little
gifts,
__such
as__
a
special
food
or
drink
from
your
country.
5．A
notice
was
put
up
__in
order
to__
remind
the
students
of
the
changed
lecture
time.
6．My
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
the
beach
because
it
had
__run
out
of__
petrol.
7．__In
closing__，all
the
people
present
ended
the
concert
with
a
song
“I
love
you,
China”．
8．Children
are
always
curious
about
everything
and
ask
__all
kinds
of__
questions.
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
From
now,
if
all
goes
well,
a
high-tech
spacecraft
will
land
in
the
South
Pole
of
the
moon.There,
it
will
drill
66
feet
down
into
the
surface(表面)
and
collect
samples
of
the
mantle(地幔)
to
bring
back
to
the
earth.
But
before
it
leaves,
it
will
have
a
two-part
time
capsule(时光胶囊):
a
public
part,
full
of
the
Earth’s
history,
and
a
private
part,
full
of
digital(数码的)
memory
boxes
created
by
individuals(个人)．These
memory
boxes
can
hold
digital
files—records
of
family
trees,
videos
or
actual
DNA
in
the
form
of
human
hair.Not
everyone
can
have
a
digital
memory
box,
though.The
boxes
are
only
delivered
for
the
people
who
donate
the
money
to
the
project.
The
project,
called
Lunar
Mission
One,
has
already
raised
more
than
half
of
its
￡600,000
goal
since
its
launch(启动)
just
a
few
days
ago.The
founders
thought
that
it
would
succeed
because
of
the
attraction
of
both
exploring
the
moon
surface
and
leaving
a
time
capsule
behind.The
mission
was
a
technical
action,
but
it
was
also
an
emotional
one,
bringing
the
excitement
of
knowing
that
something
humans
built
on
the
Earth
reached
somewhere
else
in
space.
Still,
it
does
seem
risky(冒险的)
for
a
person
to
donate
￡60
to
keep
a
digital
memory
box
for
a
project
that
won’t
come
true
until
2024.What
if
the
project
never
takes
off?
What
if
the
technology
isn’t
good
enough?
What
if
those
digital
memory
boxes
break
on
the
moon’s
surface?
And
how
will
anybody
ever
even
know
if
that
happens?
Ian
Crawford,
a
professor
at
Birkbeck
College
in
London
and
scientific
advisor
to
the
mission,
says
it
is
not
necessary
to
worry
about
these.The
plan
to
leave
a
time
capsule
on
the
moon
isn’t
really
about
physically
leaving
something
on
the
moon
—
it’s
more
an
opportunity
to
encourage
people’s
interest
in
space.
文章大意：本文为科普类说明文。文章介绍了名为“月球任务”的太空项目——一艘高科技航天器将携带两个时间胶囊登陆月球南极。
1．Who
can
have
a
digital
memory
box
on
the
moon？__A__
A．A
person
who
donates
￡60
to
the
project.
B．A
person
who
has
records
of
family
trees.
C．A
person
who
is
in
charge
of
the
project.
D．A
person
who
is
interested
in
exploring
the
moon.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
boxes
are
only
delivered
for
the
people
who
donate
the
money
to
the
project.”及第四段中的“Still,
it
does
seem
risky(冒险的)
for
a
person
to
donate
￡60
to
keep
a
digital
memory
box
for
a
project
that
won’t
come
true
until
2024.”可知，一个人捐赠￡60便可以在月球上留下一个数字储存盒。故A选项正确。
2．What
can
be
learned
about
Lunar
Mission
One
from
Paragraph
3？__B__
A．The
spacecraft
was
successfully
launched
just
a
few
days
ago.
B．It
will
explore
the
moon
surface
and
leave
a
time
capsule
on
the
moon.
C．It
was
created
because
of
the
excitement
of
knowing
something
in
space.
D．It
was
a
technical
action
because
it
was
designed
with
rich
emotion.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The
founders
thought
that
it
would
succeed
because
of
the
attraction
of
both
exploring
the
moon
surface
and
leaving
a
time
capsule
behind.”可知，Lunar
Mission
One将会探索月球表面，并在月球上留下时间胶囊。故B选项正确。
3．Why
does
it
seem
risky
to
donate
￡60
to
keep
a
digital
memory
box？__D__
A．Because
the
spacecraft
won’t
be
sent
on
time.
B．Because
the
technology
isn’t
good
enough.
C．Because
the
project
won’t
come
true
until
2034.
D．Because
there
are
various
possibilities
in
such
a
long
time.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的那些质疑的问题可推知，捐赠￡60去保留数字存储盒有一定的风险，是因为在这么长的时间里会有各种各样的可能性。故D选项正确。
4．What
can
be
concluded
from
the
last
sentence
of
the
passage？__D__
A．Everything
about
the
project
will
be
OK.
B．The
time
capsule
on
the
moon
is
not
meaningful.
C．The
plan
to
leave
a
time
capsule
on
the
moon
is
scientific.
D．The
message
of
the
project
is
to
call
people’s
more
attention
to
space.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“The
plan
to
leave
a
time
capsule
on
the
moon
isn’t
really
about
physically
leaving
something
on
the
moon
—
it’s
more
an
opportunity
to
encourage
people’s
interest
in
space.(把时间胶囊留在月球上的计划并不是真的要在月球上留下什么东西，它更多的是一个机会来鼓励人们对太空的兴趣)”可知，该项目的目的是呼吁人们更多地关注太空。故D选项正确。
Ⅱ．语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We
need
to
face
a
lot
of
pains
as
we
grow
up.But
these
pains
eventually
bring
__1.us__(we)
gains.As
for
me,
I
remember
that
my
parents
made
me
learn
to
play
__2.the__
violin
during
my
childhood,
so
I
had
little
time
to
play
with
my
friends,
which
__3.annoyed__(annoy)
me
quite
a
lot.I
hated
violin
at
that
time,
just
__4.because__
it
was
what
they
forced
me
to
do.
Now
__5.looking__(look)
back,
I
appreciate
what
my
parents
did
for
me.In
fact,
music
has
enriched
my
life.It
__6.gives__(give)
me
comfort,
relief
and
joy,
especially
when
I
am
__7.under__
pressure.I
have
come
__8.to
understand__(understand)
why
my
parents
were
always
pushing
me
along.
Everybody
will
experience
pains.A
little
hard
work
and
sweat
will
never
hurt
us.If
we
realize
these
pains
are
just
small
bumps
on
our
road
to
__9.success__(succeed),
we
will
understand
they
are
__10.actually__(actual)
gains.
文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者的亲身经历说明了一些人生道路上的痛苦只是通往成功路上的小障碍。最终，我们会明白它们实际上是收获。
解析：
1．考查宾格。句意：但这些痛苦最终会给我们带来收益。该空作句子宾语，用宾格，所以填us。
2．考查固定搭配。表示“演奏某种乐器”，前面用定冠词the，所以填the。
3．考查时态。发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填annoyed。
4．考查连词。句意：那时我讨厌小提琴，因为那是他们强迫我做的。文中表示“因为”，所以填because。
5．考查非谓语动词。look
back的逻辑主语是I，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作时间状语，所以填looking。
6．考查时态。在一般现在时中，主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，所以填gives。
7．考查固定短语。句意：它给我安慰、放松和快乐，尤其是当我在压力下。under
pressure在压力之下，该短语是固定短语，所以填under。
8．考查固定用法。句意：我开始明白为什么我的父母总是催我前进。come
to
do明白，该用法是固定用法，所以填to
understand。
9．考查名词。句意：如果我们意识到这些痛苦只是通往成功路上的小障碍，最终，我们会明白它们实际上是收获。介词to之后用名词，所以填success。
10．考查副词。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填actually。
Ⅱ．读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Rescue
Dawn
came
slowly.A
shaft
of
sunlight
reached
into
the
4-meter-deep
crater(弹坑)，making
the
metal
of
the
bomb
shine.The
boys
were
numb
and
tight,
and
hungry.They
tried
not
to
look
at
the
huge
shape
of
the
bomb
that
appeared
over
them.
Harry
suddenly
opened
his
eyes
and
seized
Jack’s
arm.“Listen！”
he
whispered.Jack’s
eye
widened
instantly,
and
both
boys
strained
their
ears.They
could
hear
a
man
talking
softly.The
voice
seemed
a
long
way
off.Jack
went
to
shout,
but
Harry
clamped
his
hand
over
Jack’s
mouth.“Don’t
shout，”
he
hissed(发出嘘声)．“We’ll
be
blown
into
pieces.”
The
soft
voice
came
nearer
and
nearer.Suddenly,
an
army
captain
appeared
at
the
top
of
crater.He
was
talking
to
a
mouthpiece(话筒)around
his
neck.He
stopped
talking
when
he
saw
the
boys.“What
the...”
he
said.
“Who
are
you？”Harry
found
his
voice，“Jack
and
Harry
Brown.”“
Is
that
dog
dead？”
asked
the
captain.“No,
he’s
sleeping，”
said
Harry.
The
captain
spoke
into
the
mouthpiece
again,
“Sergeant(中士)，”
he
said,
stopped
and
took
a
breath
before
he
went
on，“there
are
two
kids
and
a
dog
down
here.”
Then
the
captain
crouched
down
and
stared
closely
at
the
bomb.“Don’t
move
and
don’t
speak，”
he
said,
“or
we’ll
all
go
up.”
He
began
talking
quietly
to
his
sergeant.
Jack
and
Harry
were
too
stiff
to
move.They
held
Raf,
the
dog,
tightly
and
waited.Another
man
appeared
at
the
top
of
the
crater.“I
thought
so，”
he
said.
“It’s
them，all
right？”
“It’s
Old
Tin
Hat！”
whispered
Jack.Old
Tin
Hat
was
carrying
a
ladder.He
and
the
captain
lowered
the
ladder
into
the
loose
earth
next
to
the
two
boys.“Keep
still，”
the
captain
warned
them.As
the
captain
held
on
at
the
top,
Old
Tin
Hat
started
to
come
down
the
ladder
very
slowly,
very
gently,
step
by
step.At
last,
he
reached
the
bottom,
and
with
one
movement,
he
lifted
Jack
on
his
back.Harry
watched
as
Jack
was
carried
up.It
seemed
to
take
an
age.
Paragraph
1：
With
a
sudden
fall
of
earth,
Old
Tin
Hat
froze
halfway
up.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2：
Old
Tin
Hat
pulled
Harry
onto
his
back,
carrying
Raf
under
his
arm.__________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Paragraph
1：
With
a
sudden
fall
of
earth,
Old
Tin
Hat
froze
halfway
up.Harry
gasped
with
terror
but
luckily
the
ladder
was
steady.Old
Tin
Hat
started
up
again.No
sooner
had
he
got
to
the
top
than
hands
reached
out
and
Jack
disappeared.Again
down
the
ladder
came
Old
Tin
Hat，gently
and
cautiously.Eventually，he
joined
Harry
and
Raf.Though
he
suggested
that
dog
go
last，Harry
insisted
that
they
would
be
together.
Paragraph
2：
Old
Tin
Hat
pulled
Harry
onto
his
back，carrying
Raf
under
his
arm.Old
Tin
Hat
started
to
climb
the
ladder
for
the
second
time.The
weight
of
the
boy
and
the
dog
made
him
gasp.With
great
efforts，they
came
to
the
top
of
the
crater.Everybody
was
rescued！A
faint
cheer
rose
from
a
long
way
off.A
group
of
people
crowded
behind
the
barrier.And
there
was
Mom！Harry
rushed
over，hugging
his
mom
tightly.Later，news
came
that
the
bomb
was
taken
away，safe.
PAGE