21世纪教育网
–全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十七讲
九年级上
Units
1-2
1.金的；金色的
golden
2.王冠；皇冠
crown
3.奥运会
Olympics
4.同意；应允
agreement
5.证实
confirmation
6.罐
pot
7.不能确定；对……无把握
doubt
8.真的；正宗的
real
9.真相；实情
truth
10.好像；似乎
seem
11.解决；处理
solve
12.装满；注满
fill
13.碗；盆
bowl
14.取代；替代
displace
15.(与不可数名词连用)较少的；更少的less
16.金属
metal
17.确定的；肯定的
certain
18.监狱；牢狱
prison
19.拳击(运动)
boxing
20.赛马(运动)racing
21.摔跤运动
wrestling
22.(用手或器具)击；打
hit
23.勇敢的；无畏的
brave
24.标点符号
punctuation
25.准确无误的；正确的
correct
26.错误
mistake
27.聪明的人
mind
28.天文学家
astronomer
29.天才
genius
30.认为；觉得
consider
31.理解力；判断力
sense
32.幽默
humour
33.邀请
invitation
34.学说；论；说
theory
35.(综合性)大学
university
36.乐事；快事
pleasure
37.避免；避开
avoid
38.讲座；演讲
lecture
39.在今夜；在今晚
tonight
40.观众；听众
audience
41.信任；信赖
trust
42.座位
seat
43.鼓掌；喝彩
applause
44.苍白的
pale
45.成就；成绩
achievement
46.宇宙
universe
47.哲学家
philosopher
48.服从；遵守
obey
49.减少；缩小
reduce
50.精确地；准确地
exactly
51.(故事、戏剧等中的)情节
action
1.
（对某人或事物）满意的
be
happy
with
2.
用……把……装满
fill…with…
3.
溢出
run
over
4.
把……关进监狱
send…
to
prison
5.
确保；设法保证
make
sure
6.
找出真相
find
out
the
truth
7.
把……切成两半
cut…in
half
8.
对……感到惊奇
be
amazed
at…
9.
考虑
think
out
10.加起来；总计
add
up
11.引导到
lead…
onto
12.下降;下沉
go
down
13.
幽默感
sense
of
humour
14.
使……失望
let…
down
15.
单凭记忆；能背诵
by
heart
16.
坐下
take
a
seat
17.
轻而易举
without
difficulty
18.
参加；加入
join
in
19.
丝毫不知道
have
no
idea
20.
倒霉；处于困境
be
in
trouble
21.
跟某人开玩笑;捉弄某人
play
a
joke
on
sb.
22.
转折点
turning
point
23.
一系列
a
series
of
24.
主动做某事
offer
to
do
sth.
◆考点1.
mistake
n.
错误
例句：I
make
mistakes
in
grammar.
我在语法上犯了错误。
练习：粗心的人经常犯错误。
Careless
people
often
make
mistakes.
知识点链接
例句
①by
mistake
错误地
我错把你的雨伞拿走了。I
took
your
umbrella
by
mistake.
②make
a
mistake/mistakes
犯错误
汤姆刚刚犯了一个错误。Tom
made
a
mistake
just
now.
◆考点2.
certain
adj.
确定的；肯定的
例句：I’m
certain
that
it’s
not
completely
made
of
gold.
我敢肯定它不是完全用金子做的。(9A
U1)
练习：毫无疑问，凯文拿走了我的英语书。
It’s
certain
that
Kevin
took
my
English
book.
知识点链接
例句
①be
certain
of
对……有把握
特里确信自己会通过考试。Terry
is
certain
of
passing
the
exam.
②make
certain
确定；弄清楚
You
must
make
certain
when
the
train
leaves.你要弄清楚火车出发的具体时间。
③（近）sure
adj.确信的；确定的
我确信你能做到。I’m
sure
that
you
can
make
it.
④（反）uncertain
adj.不确定的
I’m
uncertain
whether
they
will
accept
the
plan.我不确定他们是否会接受这个计划。
◆考点3.
avoid
v.
避免；避开
例句：I
wish
I
could
avoid
giving
my
lecture
tonight.
我希望今晚能避免演讲。(9A
U2)
练习：病人应该避免吃油腻的食物。
Patients
should
avoid
eating
greasy
food.
知识点链接
例句
avoid
doing
sth.
避免做某事
Bruce
listens
carefully
to
avoid
making
mistakes.
◆反意疑问句
一、反意疑问句的基本用法与结构
反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反，即：陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式。如：
He
likes
English,
doesn’t
he?
他喜欢英语，是吗?
He
doesn’t
like
English,
does
he?
他不喜欢英语，是吗?
【注意】
1.
反意疑问句的陈述部分用降调，疑问部分可升可降。当提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，疑问部分用降调，反之用升调。
2.
当反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,
few,
never,
hardly,
seldom
（很少）,
nobody,
nothing等否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式；若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。如：
She
said
nothing,
did
she?
她什么也没说，是不是?
It
is
impossible,
isn’t
it?
那是不可能的，对吧?
二、反意疑问句的主语问题
1.
基本原则：疑问部分的主语与陈述部分的主语应保持人称和数的一致，且要用代词，不能用名词。如：
误：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
Mary?
正：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
she?
玛丽是护士，对吗?
2.
当陈述部分为there
be句型时，疑问部分的主语仍用there。如：
There
was
nothing
in
the
room,
was
there?
房间里什么也没有，是吗?
3.
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,
that或these,
those时，疑问部分的主语分别用it或they。如：
That
is
a
new
car,
isn’t
it?
那是一辆新汽车，是吗?
4.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone),
anybody
(anyone),
nobody
(no
one),
everybody
(everyone)时，疑问部分的主语在正式文体中用he，在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。如：
Everyone
is
in
the
classroom,
aren’t
they?
每个人都在教室里，是吗？
5.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词something,
anything,
nothing,
everything时，疑问部分的主语用it。如：
Everything
is
ready,
isn’t
it?
一切都准备好了，对吗?
三、陈述部分含有动词have的反意疑问句
1.
当have为助动词时，疑问部分沿用同样的助动词。如：
He
has
already
left,
hasn’t
he?
他已经离开了，是吗?
2.
当have为实义动词时，要分两种情况：
（1）若表示“所有；拥有”，疑问部分可以用have，也可以用do。但是若陈述部分用的是have的否定式，疑问部分用have还是用do，则取决于陈述部分的动词形式。如：
He
has
a
lot
of
friends
here,
hasn’t
/
doesn’t
he?
他在这儿有许多朋友，是吗?
He
hasn’t
any
money,
has
he?
=
He
doesn’t
have
any
money,
does
he?
他没有钱，是吗?
（2）若表示“吃”“玩”等意思，疑问部分要用do。如：
He
has
supper
at
5,
doesn’t
he?
他5点吃晚餐，是吗?
3.
当用于have
to时，通常也有两种情况：若表示经常性的行为，疑问部分则多用加助动词do的形式；若表示特定的行为，则多用have。如：
He
often
has
to
get
up
early,
doesn’t
he?
他经常要早起，是吗?
He
has
to
go
to
bed
late
tonight,
hasn’t
he?
他今晚要晚睡，是吗?
四、含有情态动词的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词。如：
He
can
speak
English,
can’t
he?
他会说英语，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：
（1）若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，则疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分则要用must。如：
You
must
leave
at
once,
mustn’t
/
needn’t
you?
你必须马上离开，是吗?
You
mustn’t
laugh,
must
you?
你不准笑，知道吗?
（2）若must表示推测，则疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后面的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。如：
He
must
be
tired,
isn’t
he?
他一定累了，是吗?
五、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：若陈述部分为祈使句，疑问部分通常用will
you。如：
Please
help
us,
will
you?
请帮帮我们，好吗?
Don’t
forget
to
post
the
letter,
will
you?
别忘了寄信，好吗?
2.
当祈使句为Let’s
...
时，疑问部分总是用shall
we。如：
Let’s
go
there
together,
shall
we?
我们一起去，好吗?
3.
当祈使句为Let
us
...
时，疑问部分常用will
you。如：
Let
us
know
your
address,
will
you?
把你的地址告诉我们，好吗?
六、陈述部分为主从复合句的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为主从复合句时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致。如：
He
said
that
he
didn’t
like
it,
didn’t
he?
他说他不喜欢它，是不是?
He
knows
where
I
live,
doesn’t
he?
他知道我住在哪里，是不是?
2.
当陈述部分为I
think
（believe,
suppose）
that
...
等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致（注意否定的转移）。如：
I
think
that
it
is
too
short,
isn’t
it?
我认为它太短了，对不对?
I
don’t
think
he
will
come,
will
he?
我认为他不会来，对吗?
【注意】这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。
七、几种特殊情况的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为I’m
...
时，疑问部分通常用aren’t
I。如：
I’m
wrong,
aren’t
I?
我错了，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分为I
wish
...
时，疑问部分通常用may
I。如：
I
wish
to
go
with
them,
may
I?
我想同他们一起去，可以吗?
3.
当陈述部分有had
better时，疑问部分应用hadn’t开头。如：
He’d
better
leave
here,
hadn’t
he?
他最好离开这儿，是吗?
八、反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，都要根据事实回答。如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；如果事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意的是，当陈述部分为否定结构、疑问部分用肯定式提问时，英语回答的yes或no与汉语意思正好相反，即：这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。如：
—
He
doesn’t
like
playing
football,
does
he?
他不喜欢踢足球，对不对？
—
Yes,
he
does.
/
No,
he
doesn’t.
不，他喜欢。/
是的，他不喜欢。
【典例】（2020广东）
It
is
a
lovely
day,
_________?
A.
isn’t
it
B.
wasn’t
it
C.
doesn’t
it
D.
hasn’t
it
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句的原则：陈述句部分如果有be动词，疑问句部分要重复这些词。因此本题选择A。
◆考点突破
1.He
was
not
careful
enough,
_________?
A.
did
he
B.
had
he
C.
does
he
D.
was
he
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句的原则：陈述句部分如果有be动词，疑问句部分要重复这些词。因此本题选择D。
2.
They
can’t
finish
the
work
on
time,
_________?
A.
could
they
B.
couldn’t
they
C.
can
they
D.
can’t
they
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句“前肯后否”原则，本空要用肯定式，故排除C、D；又因为陈述句部分用了can，因此疑问部分也要使用can,故选C。
3.
Don’t
forget
to
lock
the
door,
_________?
A.
do
you
B.
don’t
you ????
C.
will
you
D.
won’t
you
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分为祈使句时,疑问部分一般用will
you,
故本题选择C。
4.
Let’s
go
swimming,
________?
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
won’t
you
D.
can
we
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。以let’s
开头的陈述部分,疑问部分要用shall
we,
故选B项。
5.
You
have
never
visited
France,
_________?
A.
have
you
B.
haven’t
you
C.
did
you
D.
didn’t
you
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查反意疑问句。陈述部分有never否定意义的词时,疑问部分使用肯定形式，故排除B、D。而陈述部分使用现在完成时，因此选A。
◆动词不定式
动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
一、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。动词不定式与所修饰词之间的关系:
1.
主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。
We
need
some
students
to
help
with
the
work.
我们需要一些学生来帮忙完成这份工作。（students
will
help
with
the
work）
2.
动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。若该不定式为不及物动词，其后须加上适当的介词
。
I
have
many
documents
to
type
.
我有很多文件要录入。
（to
type
many
documents）
I’m
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in
.
我正在找房子住。
（to
live
in
a
room）
3.
同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。
We
have
made
a
plan
to
learn
from
Lei
Feng.
我们做了个学习雷锋的计划。
4.
状语关系
被修饰的名词表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。
I
have
no
time
to
go
there.
我没有时间去那里。
二、动词不定式作主语
1.
不定式作主语通常位于句首
To
learn
English
is
very
important
for
everyone
in
modern
society.
在现代社会，学习英语对每个人而言都很重要。
2.
用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式（短语）置于句末
常见句型有：
（1）It’s＋adj.（＋for
sb.／sth.）＋to
do
sth.
（2）It’s＋adj.＋of
sb.＋to
do
sth.
（3）It
takes
/
took
sb.＋some
time＋to
do
sth.
It
is
necessary
for
children
to
have
the
habit
of
reading.
对孩子们而言，养成阅读习惯很有必要。
It
is
friendly
of
you
to
make
me
feel
at
home.
你真友好，让我感觉像在自己家一样。
It
took
us
half
an
hour
to
drive
to
the
countryside.
我们花了半小时开车到乡下。
三、动词不定式作表语
1.
表示目的
The
purpose
of
education
is
to
develop
a
fine
personality
in
children.
教育的目的是发展儿童良好的品格。
2.
表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运等
They
are
to
marry
next
week.
他们将在下周结婚。
3.
用于含有第一人称的疑问句，表示征求意见
What
am
I
to
do
if
I
have
no
money?
如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？
4.
用于被动语态，相当于can
/
could
/
should
/
ought
to
/
must，具有情态意义
He
is
to
be
rewarded
.=He
should
be
rewarded.
他应该受到奖励。（should）
These
books
are
not
to
be
sold
.
=These
books
ought
not
to
be
sold.
这些书不应该卖掉。（ought
not
to
be）
5.
表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等
Children
are
not
to
smoke
.
儿童不准吸烟。（表禁止）
【典例】（2019广东广州）
Today
people
use
modern
machines
_______
at
the
sky.
A.
look
B.
to
look
C.
looking
D.
looked
【答案】B
【解析】use
sth.
to
do
sth.
固定搭配。故选B。
◆考点突破
1.
He’s
a
nice
person
__________.
A.
to
work
with
B.
working
with
C.
worked
D.
works
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查不定式用法。动词不定式作定语，修饰名词person,
故选A。
2.
It
took
them
three
days
________
the
lost
bag.
A.
find
B.
finding
C.
found
D.
to
find
【答案】D
【解析】句型it
takes
sb.
time
to
do
sth.
不定式作形式主语。故选D。
3.
To
learn
to
the
teachers
carefully
in
class
______
very
important.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
were
D.
be
【答案】A
【解析】不定式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为A。
4.
My
sister’s
wish
is
________
a
famous
singer.
A.
be
B.
to
be ????
C.
become
D.
becomes
【答案】B
【解析】动词不定式作表语，解释主语。故选B。
5.
We
haven’t
decided
_______
our
grandparents.
A.
when
we
visit
B.
where
to
visit
C.
when
to
visit
D.
when
visited
【答案】C
【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语，相当于宾语从句。根据句意，故选择C。
一、按要求完成下列句子
1.
On
Sundays,
he
seldom
stays
in
the
house.
（改为反意疑问句）
On
Sundays,
he
seldom
stays
in
the
house,
______________
______________?
2.
There
will
be
a
lot
of
changes
taking
place
in
my
hometown.（改为反意疑问句）
There
will
be
a
lot
of
changes
taking
place
in
my
hometown,
___________
____________?
3.
Don’t
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water.（改为反意疑问句）
Don’t
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water,
____________
____________?
4.
Everybody
has
got
the
new
books.（改为反意疑问句）
Everybody
has
got
the
new
books,
______________
______________?
5.
Kitty
was
very
excited
to
open
her
birthday
presents.
（改为感叹句）
______________
______________
Kitty
was
to
open
her
birthday
presents!
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
It’s
interesting
______________（play）with
snow
in
winter.
2.
It
takes
the
boy
two
hours
______________（draw）every
day.
3.
I’m
so
hungry.
Please
give
me
something______________（eat）.
4.
The
only
thing
you
can
do
is
______________（study）harder
than
before.
5.
I
have
some
questions
_____________（ask
you.
6.
This
is
a
good
pen
______________（write）with.
I
like
it.
7.
The
best
time
______________（plant
trees
is
in
March.
8.
Take
it
easy.
I’ll
do
what
I
can
______________（help）
you.
9.
It
is
kind
of
you
______________（help）me.
10.
There
are
many
robots
______________
(work)
in
factories
nowadays.
三、语法填空
A
Lu
Xun
is
one
of
the
1.
_________（great）Chinese
writers
of
the
20th
century.
2.
___________
his
famous
novels,
he
also
wrote
many
influential
articles
3.
_______
the
living
conditions
of
Chinese
people.
Born
in
1881
to
a
4.
_____________
（wealth）family,
Lu
Xun
had
a
happy
5.
_________________
（child）.
In
1893,
however,
his
grandfather,
a
senior
government
official,
was
put
into
prison
6.
_______
taking
money.
At
the
same
time,
his
father
7.
___________
（become）seriously
ill.
8.
_______
that
time
on,
his
family
were
no
longer
9.
_______________
（accept）by
their
relatives
and
friends.
These
early
experiences
greatly
influenced
his
10.
_____________
（write）.
B
Have
you
ever
thought
of
studying
abroad?
It
has
been
very
popular
these
years
for
Chinese
young
people
1.
_______________
（study）
abroad.
But
it
can
also
be
a
difficult
experience.
You
had
better
2.
___________
（remember）
the
following
things.
When
you
are
in
a
foreign
country,
the
first
thing
3.
___________（do）
is
to
learn
the
language.
Because
practice
makes
perfect,
you
need
to
practise
4.
___________________（speak）
their
language
a
lot.
5.
_____________
（not
be）
shy
and
you
may
improve
your
spoken
language.
Second,
remember
to
be
ten
times
more
polite
than
6.
__________（usually）.
People
are
likely
to
help
you
7.
_______
you
are
nice
and
polite.
I
have
a
brother
named
Eddy.
His
dream
is
8.
__________（go）
abroad.
He
plans
to
study
art
in
France.
My
parents
support
him
a
lot.
Eddy
will
set
out
for
France
next
September
to
learn
art
in
Paris.
I’m
worried
9.
____________
him.
He
has
never
left
home.
So
I
asked
him
to
remember
my
advice
and
try
his
best
to
take
care
of
10.
_______________.
四、单项选择
1.
Is
this
beautiful
ring
really
made
_______
gold?
A.
of
B.
from
C.
for
D.
with
2.
Miss
Huang
always
asked
us
_________
the
texts
at
home.
A.
read
B.
reading
C.
to
read
D.
reads
3.
If
you
want
to
win,
you
should
run
as
fast
as
_________.
A.
you
could
B.
you
will
C.
you
can
D.
you
must
4.
As
friends,
we
are
ready
to
help
each
_________.
A.
other
B.
others
C.
another
D.
the
other
5.
Miss
White
is
happy
_________
our
project.
A.
for
B.
in
C.
of
D.
with
6.
---
What
do
you
want
to
have
for
lunch?
---
_________
beef
and
bread.
A.
A
little
B.
Little
C.
A
few
D.
Few
7.
Boys
and
girls,
I
have
_________
for
you
today!
A.
new
something
B.
something
new
C.
new
anything
D.
anything
new
8.
As
policemen,
they
are
trying
their
best
to
_________
the
guilty
and
protect
the
innocent.
A.
work
as
B.
put
out
C.
find
out
D.
pick
up
9.
Don’t
forget
to
close
the
door
when
you
leave,
_________?
A.
will
you
B.
don’t
you
C.
do
you
D.
won’t
you
10.
I
hear
the
tall
girl
wearing
glasses
is
your
new
classmate.
She’s
from
America,
_______?
A.
has
she
B.
does
she
C.
hasn’t
she
D.
isn’t
she
11.
Our
Chinese
teacher
always
asks
us
to
learn
all
the
poems
_________.
A.
by
mind
B.
in
heart
C.
by
heart
D.
in
mind
12.
---
Nice
to
meet
you.
Please
take
_________
seat.
---
Thank
you.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
13.
Jason
is
smart
and
he
can
write
an
article
in
English
_________
difficulty.
A.
with
B.
without
C.
into
D.
outside
14.
Bobby
loves
singing.
He
really
wants
to
_________
the
singing
competition.
A.
take
part
B.
join
C.
join
in
D.
take
in
15.
---
What
are
you
looking
at?
---
The
rainbow
in
the
sky
is
so
beautiful
_________
I
can’t
take
my
eyes
off
it.
A.
as
B.
when
C.
what
D.
that
16.
how
wonderful!
There
are
_________
flowers
around
the
princess’s
bed.
A.
hundred
of
B.
hundreds
of
C.
three
hundreds
D.
three
hundred
of
17.
At
school
we
have
rules
_________
us
safe.
A.
to
keep
B.
kept
C.
keep
D.
keeping
18.
As
we
all
know,
_________
a
job
in
big
cities
is
not
easy
at
all.
A.
find
B.
found
C.
to
find
D.
finds
19.
---
What
is
your
dream,
Linda?
---
My
dream
is
_________
an
English
teacher.
A.
to
becoming
B.
became
C.
become
D.
to
become
20.
---
Do
you
know
what
he
is
talking
about?
---
_________
Nobody
here
is
listening
to
him.
A.
What
a
find
day!
B.
I
have
no
idea.
C.
You’re
welcome
D.
Have
a
good
time.
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1.
Can
you
s__________
this
problem,
Andy?.
2.
At
f__________，
they
didn’t
believe
us..
3.
This
math
problem
is
d___________.
I
can’t
work
it
out.
4.
I
w__________
where
Sam
is.
Can
you
tell
me?
5.
Please
raise
your
hand
if
you
know
the
c
__________
answer.
6.
May
I
have
the
p__________answer.
May
I
have
the
pleasure
7.
Please
learn
this
lesson
by
h__________
.
We’ll
have
a
test
tomorrow.
8.
My
brother
didn’t
think
she
was
honest,
so
he
warned
me
not
to
t__________her.
9.
The
professor
will
give
us
a
l___________
next
week.
10.
Please
take
a
s__________
and
have
a
rest.
The
doctor
will
be
here
in
a
minute.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1.
请将杯子装满水。
Please
__________
the
glass
__________water.
2.
她对这个结果感到高兴吗?
Is
she__________
__________the
result?
3.
一个月前,国王将他关进了监狱。
The
king__________
him
__________
__________
a
month
ago.
4.
请确保你出门的时候锁好了门。
Please
__________
__________
you
lock
the
door
behind
you
when
you
go
out.
5.
我有两个妹妹。
一个是十岁,另一个是十二岁。
I
have
two
sisters.
__________is
ten
and
__________
__________is
twelve.
6.
别担心,我不会让你失望的。
Don’t
worry.
I
won’t
__________
you
__________.
7.
玛丽和贝蒂都是中学生。
__________
Mary
__________
Betty
are
junior
high
school
students.
8.
他很容易就通过了驾驶考试。
He
passed
his
driving
test
__________
__________.
9.
我们去踢足球,
你来不来?
We’re
going
to
play
football.
Do
you
want
to
__________
__________?
10.
你不知道她有多伤心。
You
have
__________
__________how
sad
she
is.
11.
如果你不小心,你就会陷入麻烦中。
If
you
are
not
careful,
you’ll
be
__________
__________.
12.
他过去经常捉弄汤姆。
He
used
to
__________
__________
__________
__________Tom.
【答案】
一、
1.
does
he
2.
won’t
there
3.
will
you
4.
hasn’t
he
5.
How
excited
二、
1.
to
play
2.
to
draw
3.
to
eat
4.
to
study
5.
to
ask
6.
to
write
7.
to
plant
8.
to
help
9.
to
help
10.
working
三、
A
1.
greatest
2.
Besides
3.
about
4.
wealthy
5.
childhood
6.
for
7.
became
8.
From
9.
accepted
10.
writing
B
1.
to
study
2.
remember
3.
to
do
4.
speaking
5.
Don’t
be
6.
usual
7.
if
8.
to
go
9.
about
10.
himself
四、1-5
ACCAD
6-10
ABCAD
11-15
CABCD
16-20
BACDB
五、
1.
solve
2.
first
3.
difficult
4.
wonder
5.
correct
6.
pleasure
7.
heart
8.
trust
9.
lecture
10.
seat
六、
1.
fill
with
2.
happy
with
3.
sent,
to/into
prison
4.
make
sure
5.
One,
the
other
6.
let
down
7.
Both,
and
8.
with
difficulty
9.
join
in
10.
no
idea
11.
in
trouble
12.
play
a
joke
on
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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–全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第十七讲
九年级上
Units
1-2
1.金的；金色的_____________
2.王冠；皇冠
_____________
3.奥运会_____________
4.同意；应允
_____________
5.证实
_____________
6.罐
_____________
7.不能确定；对……无把握____________
8.真的；正宗的_____________
9.真相；实情
_____________
10.好像；似乎_____________
11.解决；处理
_____________
12.装满；注满_____________
13.碗；盆_____________
14.取代；替代
_____________
15.(与不可数名词连用)较少的；更少的_____________
16.金属_____________
17.确定的；肯定的
_____________
18.监狱；牢狱_____________
19.拳击(运动)
_____________
20.赛马(运动)
_____________
21.摔跤运动
_____________
22.(用手或器具)击；打
_____________
23.勇敢的；无畏的_____________
24.标点符号
_____________
25.准确无误的；正确的_____________
26.错误_____________
27.聪明的人_____________
28.天文学家
_____________
29.天才_____________
30.认为；觉得
_____________
31.理解力；判断力
_____________
32.幽默
_____________
33.邀请
_____________
34.学说；论；说
_____________
35.(综合性)大学_____________
36.乐事；快事_____________
37.避免；避开_____________
38.讲座；演讲_____________
39.在今夜；在今晚_____________
40.观众；听众
_____________
41.信任；信赖_____________
42.座位
_____________
43.鼓掌；喝彩_____________
44.苍白的_____________
45.成就；成绩_____________
46.宇宙_____________
47.哲学家_____________
48.服从；遵守
_____________
49.减少；缩小_____________
50.精确地；准确地
_____________
51.(故事、戏剧等中的)情节____________
1.
（对某人或事物）满意的
___________
2.
用……把……装满
_______________
3.
溢出
______________
4.
把……关进监狱
_________________
5.
确保；设法保证
______________
6.
找出真相
_____________
7.
把……切成两半
_________________
8.
对……感到惊奇
________________
9.
考虑
______________
10.加起来；总计
______________
11.引导到
_______________________
12.下降;下沉
______________
13.
幽默感
____________________
14.
使……失望
_____________
15.
单凭记忆；能背诵
______________
16.
坐下
_____________
17.
轻而易举
_____________________
18.
参加；加入
______________
19.
丝毫不知道
______________
20.
倒霉；处于困境
________________
21.
跟某人开玩笑;捉弄某人
__________________________
22.
转折点
______________
23.
一系列
______________
24.
主动做某事
___________________
◆考点1.
mistake
n.
错误
例句：I
make
mistakes
in
grammar.
我在语法上犯了错误。
练习：粗心的人经常犯错误。
Careless
people
often
_______
___________.
知识点链接
例句
①by
mistake
错误地
我错把你的雨伞拿走了。I
took
your
umbrella
___
________.
②make
a
mistake/mistakes
犯错误
汤姆刚刚犯了一个错误。Tom
_____
__
_________
just
now.
◆考点2.
certain
adj.
确定的；肯定的
例句：I’m
certain
that
it’s
not
completely
made
of
gold.
我敢肯定它不是完全用金子做的。(9A
U1)
练习：毫无疑问，凯文拿走了我的英语书。
It’s
_______
that
Kevin
took
my
English
book.
知识点链接
例句
①be
certain
of
对……有把握
特里确信自己会通过考试。Terry
___
_______
__
passing
the
exam.
②make
certain
确定；弄清楚
You
must
make
certain
when
the
train
leaves.你要_______火车出发的具体时间。
③（近）sure
adj.确信的；确定的
我确信你能做到。_____
______
that
you
can
make
it.
④（反）uncertain
adj.不确定的
I’m
uncertain
whether
they
will
accept
the
plan.我_______他们是否会接受这个计划。
◆考点3.
avoid
v.
避免；避开
例句：I
wish
I
could
avoid
giving
my
lecture
tonight.
我希望今晚能避免演讲。(9A
U2)
练习：病人应该避免吃油腻的食物。
Patients
should
_____
_______
greasy
food.
知识点链接
例句
avoid
doing
sth.
避免做某事
Bruce
listens
carefully
to
_____
_______
mistakes.
◆反意疑问句
一、反意疑问句的基本用法与结构
反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反，即：陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式。如：
He
likes
English,
doesn’t
he?
他喜欢英语，是吗?
He
doesn’t
like
English,
does
he?
他不喜欢英语，是吗?
【注意】
1.
反意疑问句的陈述部分用降调，疑问部分可升可降。当提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，疑问部分用降调，反之用升调。
2.
当反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,
few,
never,
hardly,
seldom
（很少）,
nobody,
nothing等否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式；若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。如：
She
said
nothing,
did
she?
她什么也没说，是不是?
It
is
impossible,
isn’t
it?
那是不可能的，对吧?
二、反意疑问句的主语问题
1.
基本原则：疑问部分的主语与陈述部分的主语应保持人称和数的一致，且要用代词，不能用名词。如：
误：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
Mary?
正：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
she?
玛丽是护士，对吗?
2.
当陈述部分为there
be句型时，疑问部分的主语仍用there。如：
There
was
nothing
in
the
room,
was
there?
房间里什么也没有，是吗?
3.
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,
that或these,
those时，疑问部分的主语分别用it或they。如：
That
is
a
new
car,
isn’t
it?
那是一辆新汽车，是吗?
4.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone),
anybody
(anyone),
nobody
(no
one),
everybody
(everyone)时，疑问部分的主语在正式文体中用he，在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。如：
Everyone
is
in
the
classroom,
aren’t
they?
每个人都在教室里，是吗？
5.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词something,
anything,
nothing,
everything时，疑问部分的主语用it。如：
Everything
is
ready,
isn’t
it?
一切都准备好了，对吗?
三、陈述部分含有动词have的反意疑问句
1.
当have为助动词时，疑问部分沿用同样的助动词。如：
He
has
already
left,
hasn’t
he?
他已经离开了，是吗?
2.
当have为实义动词时，要分两种情况：
（1）若表示“所有；拥有”，疑问部分可以用have，也可以用do。但是若陈述部分用的是have的否定式，疑问部分用have还是用do，则取决于陈述部分的动词形式。如：
He
has
a
lot
of
friends
here,
hasn’t
/
doesn’t
he?
他在这儿有许多朋友，是吗?
He
hasn’t
any
money,
has
he?
=
He
doesn’t
have
any
money,
does
he?
他没有钱，是吗?
（2）若表示“吃”“玩”等意思，疑问部分要用do。如：
He
has
supper
at
5,
doesn’t
he?
他5点吃晚餐，是吗?
3.
当用于have
to时，通常也有两种情况：若表示经常性的行为，疑问部分则多用加助动词do的形式；若表示特定的行为，则多用have。如：
He
often
has
to
get
up
early,
doesn’t
he?
他经常要早起，是吗?
He
has
to
go
to
bed
late
tonight,
hasn’t
he?
他今晚要晚睡，是吗?
四、含有情态动词的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词。如：
He
can
speak
English,
can’t
he?
他会说英语，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：
（1）若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，则疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分则要用must。如：
You
must
leave
at
once,
mustn’t
/
needn’t
you?
你必须马上离开，是吗?
You
mustn’t
laugh,
must
you?
你不准笑，知道吗?
（2）若must表示推测，则疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后面的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。如：
He
must
be
tired,
isn’t
he?
他一定累了，是吗?
五、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：若陈述部分为祈使句，疑问部分通常用will
you。如：
Please
help
us,
will
you?
请帮帮我们，好吗?
Don’t
forget
to
post
the
letter,
will
you?
别忘了寄信，好吗?
2.
当祈使句为Let’s
...
时，疑问部分总是用shall
we。如：
Let’s
go
there
together,
shall
we?
我们一起去，好吗?
3.
当祈使句为Let
us
...
时，疑问部分常用will
you。如：
Let
us
know
your
address,
will
you?
把你的地址告诉我们，好吗?
六、陈述部分为主从复合句的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为主从复合句时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致。如：
He
said
that
he
didn’t
like
it,
didn’t
he?
他说他不喜欢它，是不是?
He
knows
where
I
live,
doesn’t
he?
他知道我住在哪里，是不是?
2.
当陈述部分为I
think
（believe,
suppose）
that
...
等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致（注意否定的转移）。如：
I
think
that
it
is
too
short,
isn’t
it?
我认为它太短了，对不对?
I
don’t
think
he
will
come,
will
he?
我认为他不会来，对吗?
【注意】这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。
七、几种特殊情况的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为I’m
...
时，疑问部分通常用aren’t
I。如：
I’m
wrong,
aren’t
I?
我错了，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分为I
wish
...
时，疑问部分通常用may
I。如：
I
wish
to
go
with
them,
may
I?
我想同他们一起去，可以吗?
3.
当陈述部分有had
better时，疑问部分应用hadn’t开头。如：
He’d
better
leave
here,
hadn’t
he?
他最好离开这儿，是吗?
八、反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，都要根据事实回答。如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；如果事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意的是，当陈述部分为否定结构、疑问部分用肯定式提问时，英语回答的yes或no与汉语意思正好相反，即：这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。如：
—
He
doesn’t
like
playing
football,
does
he?
他不喜欢踢足球，对不对？
—
Yes,
he
does.
/
No,
he
doesn’t.
不，他喜欢。/
是的，他不喜欢。
【典例】（2020广东）
It
is
a
lovely
day,
_________?
A.
isn’t
it
B.
wasn’t
it
C.
doesn’t
it
D.
hasn’t
it
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句的原则：陈述句部分如果有be动词，疑问句部分要重复这些词。因此本题选择A。
◆考点突破
1.He
was
not
careful
enough,
_________?
A.
did
he
B.
had
he
C.
does
he
D.
was
he
2.
They
can’t
finish
the
work
on
time,
_________?
A.
could
they
B.
couldn’t
they
C.
can
they
D.
can’t
they
3.
Don’t
forget
to
lock
the
door,
_________?
A.
do
you
B.
don’t
you ????
C.
will
you
D.
won’t
you
4.
Let’s
go
swimming,
________?
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
won’t
you
D.
can
we
5.
You
have
never
visited
France,
_________?
A.
have
you
B.
haven’t
you
C.
did
you
D.
didn’t
you
◆动词不定式
动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
一、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。动词不定式与所修饰词之间的关系:
1.
主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。
We
need
some
students
to
help
with
the
work.
我们需要一些学生来帮忙完成这份工作。（students
will
help
with
the
work）
2.
动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。若该不定式为不及物动词，其后须加上适当的介词
。
I
have
many
documents
to
type
.
我有很多文件要录入。
（to
type
many
documents）
I’m
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in
.
我正在找房子住。
（to
live
in
a
room）
3.
同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。
We
have
made
a
plan
to
learn
from
Lei
Feng.
我们做了个学习雷锋的计划。
4.
状语关系
被修饰的名词表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。
I
have
no
time
to
go
there.
我没有时间去那里。
二、动词不定式作主语
1.
不定式作主语通常位于句首
To
learn
English
is
very
important
for
everyone
in
modern
society.
在现代社会，学习英语对每个人而言都很重要。
2.
用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式（短语）置于句末
常见句型有：
（1）It’s＋adj.（＋for
sb.／sth.）＋to
do
sth.
（2）It’s＋adj.＋of
sb.＋to
do
sth.
（3）It
takes
/
took
sb.＋some
time＋to
do
sth.
It
is
necessary
for
children
to
have
the
habit
of
reading.
对孩子们而言，养成阅读习惯很有必要。
It
is
friendly
of
you
to
make
me
feel
at
home.
你真友好，让我感觉像在自己家一样。
It
took
us
half
an
hour
to
drive
to
the
countryside.
我们花了半小时开车到乡下。
三、动词不定式作表语
1.
表示目的
The
purpose
of
education
is
to
develop
a
fine
personality
in
children.
教育的目的是发展儿童良好的品格。
2.
表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运等
They
are
to
marry
next
week.
他们将在下周结婚。
3.
用于含有第一人称的疑问句，表示征求意见
What
am
I
to
do
if
I
have
no
money?
如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？
4.
用于被动语态，相当于can
/
could
/
should
/
ought
to
/
must，具有情态意义
He
is
to
be
rewarded
.=He
should
be
rewarded.
他应该受到奖励。（should）
These
books
are
not
to
be
sold
.
=These
books
ought
not
to
be
sold.
这些书不应该卖掉。（ought
not
to
be）
5.
表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等
Children
are
not
to
smoke
.
儿童不准吸烟。（表禁止）
【典例】（2019广东广州）
Today
people
use
modern
machines
_______
at
the
sky.
A.
look
B.
to
look
C.
looking
D.
looked
【答案】B
【解析】use
sth.
to
do
sth.
固定搭配。故选B。
◆考点突破
1.
He’s
a
nice
person
__________.
A.
to
work
with
B.
working
with
C.
worked
D.
works
2.
It
took
them
three
days
________
the
lost
bag.
A.
find
B.
finding
C.
found
D.
to
find
3.
To
learn
to
the
teachers
carefully
in
class
______
very
important.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
were
D.
be
4.
My
sister’s
wish
is
________
a
famous
singer.
A.
be
B.
to
be ????
C.
become
D.
becomes
5.
We
haven’t
decided
_______
our
grandparents.
A.
when
we
visit
B.
where
to
visit
C.
when
to
visit
D.
when
visited
一、按要求完成下列句子
1.
On
Sundays,
he
seldom
stays
in
the
house.
（改为反意疑问句）
On
Sundays,
he
seldom
stays
in
the
house,
______________
______________?
2.
There
will
be
a
lot
of
changes
taking
place
in
my
hometown.（改为反意疑问句）
There
will
be
a
lot
of
changes
taking
place
in
my
hometown,
___________
____________?
3.
Don’t
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water.（改为反意疑问句）
Don’t
forget
to
give
Polly
some
food
and
change
her
water,
____________
____________?
4.
Everybody
has
got
the
new
books.（改为反意疑问句）
Everybody
has
got
the
new
books,
______________
______________?
5.
Kitty
was
very
excited
to
open
her
birthday
presents.
（改为感叹句）
______________
______________
Kitty
was
to
open
her
birthday
presents!
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.
It’s
interesting
______________（play）with
snow
in
winter.
2.
It
takes
the
boy
two
hours
______________（draw）every
day.
3.
I’m
so
hungry.
Please
give
me
something______________（eat）.
4.
The
only
thing
you
can
do
is
______________（study）harder
than
before.
5.
I
have
some
questions
_____________（ask
you.
6.
This
is
a
good
pen
______________（write）with.
I
like
it.
7.
The
best
time
______________（plant
trees
is
in
March.
8.
Take
it
easy.
I’ll
do
what
I
can
______________（help）
you.
9.
It
is
kind
of
you
______________（help）me.
10.
There
are
many
robots
______________
(work)
in
factories
nowadays.
三、语法填空
A
Lu
Xun
is
one
of
the
1.
_________（great）Chinese
writers
of
the
20th
century.
2.
___________
his
famous
novels,
he
also
wrote
many
influential
articles
3.
_______
the
living
conditions
of
Chinese
people.
Born
in
1881
to
a
4.
_____________
（wealth）family,
Lu
Xun
had
a
happy
5.
_________________
（child）.
In
1893,
however,
his
grandfather,
a
senior
government
official,
was
put
into
prison
6.
_______
taking
money.
At
the
same
time,
his
father
7.
___________
（become）seriously
ill.
8.
_______
that
time
on,
his
family
were
no
longer
9.
_______________
（accept）by
their
relatives
and
friends.
These
early
experiences
greatly
influenced
his
10.
_____________
（write）.
B
Have
you
ever
thought
of
studying
abroad?
It
has
been
very
popular
these
years
for
Chinese
young
people
1.
_______________
（study）
abroad.
But
it
can
also
be
a
difficult
experience.
You
had
better
2.
___________
（remember）
the
following
things.
When
you
are
in
a
foreign
country,
the
first
thing
3.
___________（do）
is
to
learn
the
language.
Because
practice
makes
perfect,
you
need
to
practise
4.
___________________（speak）
their
language
a
lot.
5.
_____________
（not
be）
shy
and
you
may
improve
your
spoken
language.
Second,
remember
to
be
ten
times
more
polite
than
6.
__________（usually）.
People
are
likely
to
help
you
7.
_______
you
are
nice
and
polite.
I
have
a
brother
named
Eddy.
His
dream
is
8.
__________（go）
abroad.
He
plans
to
study
art
in
France.
My
parents
support
him
a
lot.
Eddy
will
set
out
for
France
next
September
to
learn
art
in
Paris.
I’m
worried
9.
____________
him.
He
has
never
left
home.
So
I
asked
him
to
remember
my
advice
and
try
his
best
to
take
care
of
10.
_______________.
四、单项选择
1.
Is
this
beautiful
ring
really
made
_______
gold?
A.
of
B.
from
C.
for
D.
with
2.
Miss
Huang
always
asked
us
_________
the
texts
at
home.
A.
read
B.
reading
C.
to
read
D.
reads
3.
If
you
want
to
win,
you
should
run
as
fast
as
_________.
A.
you
could
B.
you
will
C.
you
can
D.
you
must
4.
As
friends,
we
are
ready
to
help
each
_________.
A.
other
B.
others
C.
another
D.
the
other
5.
Miss
White
is
happy
_________
our
project.
A.
for
B.
in
C.
of
D.
with
6.
---
What
do
you
want
to
have
for
lunch?
---
_________
beef
and
bread.
A.
A
little
B.
Little
C.
A
few
D.
Few
7.
Boys
and
girls,
I
have
_________
for
you
today!
A.
new
something
B.
something
new
C.
new
anything
D.
anything
new
8.
As
policemen,
they
are
trying
their
best
to
_________
the
guilty
and
protect
the
innocent.
A.
work
as
B.
put
out
C.
find
out
D.
pick
up
9.
Don’t
forget
to
close
the
door
when
you
leave,
_________?
A.
will
you
B.
don’t
you
C.
do
you
D.
won’t
you
10.
I
hear
the
tall
girl
wearing
glasses
is
your
new
classmate.
She’s
from
America,
_______?
A.
has
she
B.
does
she
C.
hasn’t
she
D.
isn’t
she
11.
Our
Chinese
teacher
always
asks
us
to
learn
all
the
poems
_________.
A.
by
mind
B.
in
heart
C.
by
heart
D.
in
mind
12.
---
Nice
to
meet
you.
Please
take
_________
seat.
---
Thank
you.
A.
a
B.
an
C.
the
D.
/
13.
Jason
is
smart
and
he
can
write
an
article
in
English
_________
difficulty.
A.
with
B.
without
C.
into
D.
outside
14.
Bobby
loves
singing.
He
really
wants
to
_________
the
singing
competition.
A.
take
part
B.
join
C.
join
in
D.
take
in
15.
---
What
are
you
looking
at?
---
The
rainbow
in
the
sky
is
so
beautiful
_________
I
can’t
take
my
eyes
off
it.
A.
as
B.
when
C.
what
D.
that
16.
how
wonderful!
There
are
_________
flowers
around
the
princess’s
bed.
A.
hundred
of
B.
hundreds
of
C.
three
hundreds
D.
three
hundred
of
17.
At
school
we
have
rules
_________
us
safe.
A.
to
keep
B.
kept
C.
keep
D.
keeping
18.
As
we
all
know,
_________
a
job
in
big
cities
is
not
easy
at
all.
A.
find
B.
found
C.
to
find
D.
finds
19.
---
What
is
your
dream,
Linda?
---
My
dream
is
_________
an
English
teacher.
A.
to
becoming
B.
became
C.
become
D.
to
become
20.
---
Do
you
know
what
he
is
talking
about?
---
_________
Nobody
here
is
listening
to
him.
A.
What
a
find
day!
B.
I
have
no
idea.
C.
You’re
welcome
D.
Have
a
good
time.
五、根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。
1.
Can
you
s__________
this
problem,
Andy?.
2.
At
f__________，
they
didn’t
believe
us..
3.
This
math
problem
is
d___________.
I
can’t
work
it
out.
4.
I
w__________
where
Sam
is.
Can
you
tell
me?
5.
Please
raise
your
hand
if
you
know
the
c
__________
answer.
6.
May
I
have
the
p__________answer.
May
I
have
the
pleasure
7.
Please
learn
this
lesson
by
h__________
.
We’ll
have
a
test
tomorrow.
8.
My
brother
didn’t
think
she
was
honest,
so
he
warned
me
not
to
t__________her.
9.
The
professor
will
give
us
a
l___________
next
week.
10.
Please
take
a
s__________
and
have
a
rest.
The
doctor
will
be
here
in
a
minute.
六、根据所给的汉语内容,用英语完成下列句子。
1.
请将杯子装满水。
Please
__________
the
glass
__________water.
2.
她对这个结果感到高兴吗?
Is
she__________
__________the
result?
3.
一个月前,国王将他关进了监狱。
The
king__________
him
__________
__________
a
month
ago.
4.
请确保你出门的时候锁好了门。
Please
__________
__________
you
lock
the
door
behind
you
when
you
go
out.
5.
我有两个妹妹。
一个是十岁,另一个是十二岁。
I
have
two
sisters.
__________is
ten
and
__________
__________is
twelve.
6.
别担心,我不会让你失望的。
Don’t
worry.
I
won’t
__________
you
__________.
7.
玛丽和贝蒂都是中学生。
__________
Mary
__________
Betty
are
junior
high
school
students.
8.
他很容易就通过了驾驶考试。
He
passed
his
driving
test
__________
__________.
9.
我们去踢足球,
你来不来?
We’re
going
to
play
football.
Do
you
want
to
__________
__________?
10.
你不知道她有多伤心。
You
have
__________
__________how
sad
she
is.
11.
如果你不小心,你就会陷入麻烦中。
If
you
are
not
careful,
you’ll
be
__________
__________.
12.
他过去经常捉弄汤姆。
He
used
to
__________
__________
__________
__________Tom.
重点单词
重点短语
语言考点梳理
语法精讲精练
目标导练
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中考一轮复习
牛津版（深圳广州）
第十七讲
九年级上Units
1--2
重点单词
1.金的；金色的
____________
2.王冠；皇冠
____________
3.奥运会
____________
4.同意；应允____________
5.证实
____________
6.罐
____________
crown
Olympics
agreement
confirmation
pot
golden
7.不能确定；对……无把握____________
8.真的；正宗的
____________
9.真相；实情
____________
10.好像；似乎
____________
11.解决；处理
____________
12.装满；注满
____________
13.碗；盆____________
doubt
real
truth
seem
solve
fill
bowl
14.取代；替代
____________
15.(与不可数名词连用)较少的；更少的____________
16.金属
____________
17.确定的；肯定的
____________
18.监狱；牢狱
____________
19.拳击(运动)
____________
20.赛马(运动)
____________
displace
less
metal
certain
prison
boxing
racing
21.摔跤运动
____________
22.(用手或器具)击；打
____________
23.勇敢的；无畏的____________
24.标点符号
____________
25.准确无误的；正确的
____________
26.错误____________
27.聪明的人____________
wrestling
hit
brave
punctuation
correct
mistake
mind
28.天文学家
____________
29.天才
____________
30.认为；觉得
____________
31.理解力；判断力
____________
32.幽默
____________
33.邀请
____________
34.学说；论；说
____________
astronomer
genius
consider
sense
humour
invitation
theory
35.(综合性)大学
____________
36.乐事；快事
____________
37.避免；避开
____________
38.讲座；演讲____________
39.在今夜；在今晚____________
40.观众；听众
____________
41.信任；信赖
____________
university
pleasure
avoid
lecture
tonight
audience
trust
42.座位
____________
43.鼓掌；喝彩
____________
44.苍白的
____________
45.成就；成绩
____________
46.宇宙
____________
47.哲学家
____________
48.服从；遵守____________
seat
applause
pale
achievement
universe
philosopher
obey
49.减少；缩小
____________
50.精确地；准确地
____________
51.(故事、戏剧等中的)情节____________
reduce
exactly
action
1.
（对某人或事物）满意的
___________________
2.
用……把……装满
__________________________
3.
溢出
______________
4.
把……关进监狱
_________________________
5.
确保；设法保证
______________
6.
找出真相
_____________________________
（be）
happy
with
fill
...
with
...
run
over
send
...
to
prison
make
sure
find
out
the
truth
重点短语
7.
把……切成两半
___________________________
8.
对……感到惊奇
_________________________
9.
考虑
______________
10.加起来；总计
______________
11.引导到
_______________________
12.下降;下沉
______________
cut
...
in
half
（be）
amazed
at
…
think
about
add
up
lead
...
onto
go
down
13.
幽默感
____________________
14.
使……失望
_____________
15.
单凭记忆；能背诵
______________
16.
坐下
_____________
17.
轻而易举
__________________________
18.
参加；加入
______________
sense
of
humour
let
...
down
by
heart
take
a
seat
without
difficulty
join
in
19.
丝毫不知道
______________
20.
倒霉；处于困境
_______________________
21.
跟某人开玩笑;捉弄某人
___________________
22.
转折点
______________
23.
一系列
______________
24.
主动做某事
_____________________
have
no
idea
（be）
in
trouble
play
a
joke
on
sb.
turning
point
a
series
of
offer
to
do
sth.
语言考点梳理
◆考点1.
mistake
n.
错误
例句：I
make
mistakes
in
grammar.
我在语法上犯了错误。
练习：粗心的人经常犯错误。
Careless
people
often
_______
___________.
make
mistakes
知识点链接
例句
①by
mistake
错误地
我错把你的雨伞拿走了。
I
took
your
umbrella
___
________.
②make
a
mistake/mistakes
犯错误
汤姆刚刚犯了一个错误。
Tom
_____
__
_________
just
now.
by
mistake
made
a
mistake
◆考点2.
certain
adj.
确定的；肯定的
例句：I’m
certain
that
it’s
not
completely
made
of
gold.
我敢肯定它不是完全用金子做的。(9A
U1)
练习：毫无疑问，凯文拿走了我的英语书。
It’s
_______
that
Kevin
took
my
English
book.
certain
知识点链接
例句
①be
certain
of
对……有把握
特里确信自己会通过考试。
Terry
___
_______
__
passing
the
exam.
②make
certain
确定；弄清楚
You
must
make
certain
when
the
train
leaves.
你要_______火车出发的具体时间。
is
certain
of
弄清楚
知识点链接
例句
③（近）sure
adj.
确信的；确定的
我确信你能做到。
_____
______
that
you
can
make
it.
④（反）uncertain
adj.
不确定的
I’m
uncertain
whether
they
will
accept
the
plan.
我_______他们是否会接受这个计划。
I’m
sure
不确定
◆考点3.
avoid
v.
避免；避开
例句：I
wish
I
could
avoid
giving
my
lecture
tonight.
我希望今晚能避免演讲。(9A
U2)
练习：病人应该避免吃油腻的食物。
Patients
should
_____
_______
greasy
food.
avoid
eating
知识点链接
例句
avoid
doing
sth.
避免做某事
Bruce
listens
carefully
to
_____
_______
mistakes.
making
avoid
语法精讲精练
◆反意疑问句
一、反意疑问句的基本用法与结构
反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反，即：陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式。如：
He
likes
English,
doesn’t
he?
他喜欢英语，是吗?
He
doesn’t
like
English,
does
he?
他不喜欢英语，是吗?
【注意】1.
反意疑问句的陈述部分用降调，疑问部分可升可降。当提问者对陈述部分把握较大时，疑问部分用降调，反之用升调。
2.
当反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little,
few,
never,
hardly,
seldom
（很少）,
nobody,
nothing等否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式；若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。如：
She
said
nothing,
did
she?
她什么也没说，是不是?
It
is
impossible,
isn’t
it?
那是不可能的，对吧?
二、反意疑问句的主语问题
1.
基本原则：疑问部分的主语与陈述部分的主语应保持人称和数的一致，且要用代词，不能用名词。如：
误：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
Mary?
正：Mary
is
a
nurse,
isn’t
she?
玛丽是护士，对吗?
2.
当陈述部分为there
be句型时，疑问部分的主语仍用there。如：
There
was
nothing
in
the
room,
was
there?
房间里什么也没有，是吗?
3.
当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,
that或these,
those时，疑问部分的主语分别用it或they。如：
That
is
a
new
car,
isn’t
it?
那是一辆新汽车，是吗?
4.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone),
anybody
(anyone),
nobody
(no
one),
everybody
(everyone)时，疑问部分的主语在正式文体中用he，在口语或非正式文体中通常用they。如：
Everyone
is
in
the
classroom,
aren’t
they?
每个人都在教室里，是吗？
5.
当陈述部分的主语为不定代词something,
anything,
nothing,
everything时，疑问部分的主语用it。如：
Everything
is
ready,
isn’t
it?
一切都准备好了，对吗?
三、陈述部分含有动词have的反意疑问句
1.
当have为助动词时，疑问部分沿用同样的助动词。如：
He
has
already
left,
hasn’t
he?
他已经离开了，是吗?
2.
当have为实义动词时，要分两种情况：
（1）若表示“所有；拥有”，疑问部分可以用have，也可以用do。但是若陈述部分用的是have的否定式，疑问部分用have还是用do，则取决于陈述部分的动词形式。如：
He
has
a
lot
of
friends
here,
hasn’t
/
doesn’t
he?
他在这儿有许多朋友，是吗?
He
hasn’t
any
money,
has
he?
=
He
doesn’t
have
any
money,
does
he?
他没有钱，是吗?
（2）若表示“吃”“玩”等意思，疑问部分要用do。如：
He
has
supper
at
5,
doesn’t
he?
他5点吃晚餐，是吗?
3.
当用于have
to时，通常也有两种情况：若表示经常性的行为，疑问部分则多用加助动词do的形式；若表示特定的行为，则多用have。如：
He
often
has
to
get
up
early,
doesn’t
he?
他经常要早起，是吗?
He
has
to
go
to
bed
late
tonight,
hasn’t
he?
他今晚要晚睡，是吗?
四、含有情态动词的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词。
如：
He
can
speak
English,
can’t
he?
他会说英语，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：
（1）若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，则疑问部分用mustn’t或needn’t。但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止，疑问部分则要用must。如：
You
must
leave
at
once,
mustn’t
/
needn’t
you?
你必须马上离开，是吗?
You
mustn’t
laugh,
must
you?
你不准笑，知道吗?
（2）若must表示推测，则疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后面的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。如：
He
must
be
tired,
isn’t
he?
他一定累了，是吗?
五、陈述部分为祈使句的反意疑问句
1.
基本原则：若陈述部分为祈使句，疑问部分通常用will
you。如：
Please
help
us,
will
you?
请帮帮我们，好吗?
Don’t
forget
to
post
the
letter,
will
you?
别忘了寄信，好吗?
2.
当祈使句为Let’s
...
时，疑问部分总是用shall
we。
如：
Let’s
go
there
together,
shall
we?
我们一起去，好吗?
3.
当祈使句为Let
us
...
时，疑问部分常用will
you。
如：
Let
us
know
your
address,
will
you?
把你的地址告诉我们，好吗?
六、陈述部分为主从复合句的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为主从复合句时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致。如：
He
said
that
he
didn’t
like
it,
didn’t
he?
他说他不喜欢它，是不是?
He
knows
where
I
live,
doesn’t
he?
他知道我住在哪里，是不是?
2.
当陈述部分为I
think
（believe,
suppose）
that
...
等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致（注意否定的转移）。如：
I
think
that
it
is
too
short,
isn’t
it?
我认为它太短了，对不对?
I
don’t
think
he
will
come,
will
he?
我认为他不会来，对吗?
【注意】这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。
七、几种特殊情况的反意疑问句
1.
当陈述部分为I’m
...
时，疑问部分通常用aren’t
I。
如：I’m
wrong,
aren’t
I?
我错了，是吗?
2.
当陈述部分为I
wish
...
时，疑问部分通常用may
I。如：I
wish
to
go
with
them,
may
I?
我想同他们一起去，可以吗?
3.
当陈述部分有had
better时，疑问部分应用hadn’t开头。如：He’d
better
leave
here,
hadn’t
he?
他最好离开这儿，是吗?
八、反意疑问句的回答
对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，都要根据事实回答。如果事实是肯定的，就用yes；如果事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意的是，当陈述部分为否定结构、疑问部分用肯定式提问时，英语回答的yes或no与汉语意思正好相反，即：这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”，no要译成“是”。如：
—He
doesn’t
like
playing
football,
does
he?
他不喜欢踢足球，对不对？
—Yes,
he
does.
/
No,
he
doesn’t.
不，他喜欢。/
是的，他不喜欢。
【典例】（
2020广东）
It
is
a
lovely
day,
_________?
A.
isn’t
it
B.wasn’t
it
C.doesn’t
it
D.
hasn’t
it
A
反意疑问句：前肯后否；时态保持一致
1.He
was
not
careful
enough,
_________?
A.
did
he
B.
had
he
C.
does
he
D.
was
he
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句的原则：陈述句部分如果有be动词，疑问句部分要重复这些词。因此本题选择D。
◆考点突破
D
2.
They
can’t
finish
the
work
on
time,
_________?
A.
could
they
B.
couldn’t
they
C.
can
they
D.
can’t
they
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。根据反意疑问句“前肯后否”原则，本空要用肯定式，故排除C、D；又因为陈述句部分用了can，因此疑问部分也要使用can,故选C。
C
3.
Don’t
forget
to
lock
the
door,
_________?
A.
do
you
B.
don’t
you ????
C.
will
you
D.
won’t
you
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。当陈述部分为祈使句时,疑问部分一般用will
you,
故本题选择C。
C
4.
Let’s
go
swimming,
________?
A.
will
you
B.
shall
we
C.
won’t
you
D.
can
we
【解析】本题考查反意疑问句。以let’s
开头的陈述部分,疑问部分要用shall
we,
故选B项。
B
5.
You
have
never
visited
France,
_________?
A.
have
you
B.
haven’t
you
C.
did
you
D.
didn’t
you
【解析】此题考查反意疑问句。陈述部分有never否定意义的词时,疑问部分使用肯定形式，故排除B、D。而陈述部分使用现在完成时，因此选A。
A
◆动词不定式
动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
一、动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。动词不定式与所修饰词之间的关系:
1.
主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。We
need
some
students
to
help
with
the
work.
我们需要一些学生来帮忙完成这份工作。
（students
will
help
with
the
work）
2.
动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。
若该不定式为不及物动词，其后须加上适当的介词
。
I
have
many
documents
to
type
.
我有很多文件要录入。
（to
type
many
documents）
I’m
looking
for
a
room
to
live
in
.
我正在找房子住。
（to
live
in
a
room）
3.
同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。
We
have
made
a
plan
to
learn
from
Lei
Feng.
我们做了个学习雷锋的计划。
4.
状语关系
被修饰的名词表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。
I
have
no
time
to
go
there.
我没有时间去那里。
二、动词不定式作主语
1.
不定式作主语通常位于句首
To
learn
English
is
very
important
for
everyone
in
modern
society.
在现代社会，学习英语对每个人而言都很重要。
2.
用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语——动词不定式（短语）置于句末
常见句型有：
（1）It’s＋adj.（＋for
sb.／sth.）＋to
do
sth.
（2）It’s＋adj.＋of
sb.＋to
do
sth.
（3）It
takes
/
took
sb.＋some
time＋to
do
sth.
It
is
necessary
for
children
to
have
the
habit
of
reading.
对孩子们而言，养成阅读习惯很有必要。
It
is
friendly
of
you
to
make
me
feel
at
home.
你真友好，让我感觉像在自己家一样。
It
took
us
half
an
hour
to
drive
to
the
countryside.
我们花了半小时开车到乡下。
三、动词不定式作表语
1.
表示目的
The
purpose
of
education
is
to
develop
a
fine
personality
in
children.
教育的目的是发展儿童良好的品格。
2.
表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运等
They
are
to
marry
next
week.
他们将在下周结婚。
3.
用于含有第一人称的疑问句，表示征求意见
What
am
I
to
do
if
I
have
no
money?
如果没有钱，我该怎么办呢？
4.
用于被动语态，相当于can
/
could
/
should
/
ought
to
/
must，具有情态意义
He
is
to
be
rewarded
.=He
should
be
rewarded.
他应该受到奖励。（should）
These
books
are
not
to
be
sold
.
=These
books
ought
not
to
be
sold.
这些书不应该卖掉。（ought
not
to
be）
5.
表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等
Children
are
not
to
smoke
.
儿童不准吸烟。
（表禁止）
【典例】（2019广东广州）
Today
people
use
modern
machines
_______
at
the
sky.
A.
look
B.
to
look
C.
looking
D.
looked
B
use
sth.
to
do
sth.
◆考点突破
1.
He’s
a
nice
person
__________.
A.
to
work
with
B.
working
with
C.
worked
D.
works
【解析】本题考查不定式用法。动词不定式作定语，修饰名词person,
故选A。
A
2.
It
took
them
three
days
________
the
lost
bag.
A.
find
B.
finding
C.
found
D.
to
find
【解析】句型it
takes
sb.
time
to
do
sth.
不定式作形式主语。故选D。
D
3.
To
learn
to
the
teachers
carefully
in
class
______
very
important.
A.
is
B.
are
C.
were
D.
be
【解析】不定式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为A。
A
4.
My
sister’s
wish
is
________
a
famous
singer.
A.
be
B.
to
be ????
C.
become
D.
becomes
【解析】动词不定式作表语，解释主语。故选B。
C
5.
We
haven’t
decided
_______
our
grandparents.
A.
when
we
visit
B.
where
to
visit
C.
when
to
visit
D.
when
visited
【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语，相当于宾语从句。根据句意，故选择C。
C
谢谢
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