必修1
Unit5
Nelson
Mandela—a
modern
hero
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
(写出下列单词的词性和意义)
mean
adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的
republic
n.
共和国；共和政体
principle
n.
法则；原则；原理
mankind
n.
人类
lawyer
n.
律师
fee
n.
费（会费、学费等）；酬金
youth
n.
青年；青年时期
league
n.同盟；联盟；联合会
stage
n.
舞台；阶段；时期
quote
n.
引用语；语录
release
vt.
释放；发行
blanket
n.
毛毯；毯子
terror
n.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动
sentence
vt.
判决；宣判
anti-
[前缀]
反；抗；阻
anti-black
adj.
反黑人的
generous
adj.
慷慨的；大方的
guidance
指导；领导
guide
n.
向导；导游
vt.
引导；带领
二星写作词汇
quality
n.
质量；品质；性质
warm-hearted
adj.
热心肠的
active
adj.
积极的；活跃的
actively
adv.
积极地；活跃地
activity
n.
活动；行动
easy-going
adj.
随和的；温和宽容的
self
n.
自我；自身
selfish
adj.
自私的
selfless
adj.
无私的；忘我的
selflessly
adv.
无私地；忘我地
peaceful
adj.
和平的；平静的；安宁的
peace
n.
和平；平静；和睦；秩序
legal
adj.
法律的；依照法律的illegal
adj.
【法】
非法的；违法的
vote
vt.
&
vi.
投票；选举
n.
投票；选票；表决
violence
n.
暴力；暴行
violent
adj.
暴力的；猛烈的
willing
adj.
乐意的；自愿的unwilling
adj.
不愿意的；不情愿的；勉强的
unfair
adj.
不公正的；不公平的fair
adj.
公平的；美丽的，白皙的
educate
vt.
教育；训练educated
adj.受过教育的；有教养的
education
n.
教育；培养；教育学
beg
vi.
请求；乞求
relative
n.
亲戚；亲属
adj.
相对的；有关系的relatively
adv.
相当地；相对地，比较地
relation
n.
关系；亲属关系
relationship
n.
关系；关联
cruelty
n.
残忍；残酷
cruel
adj.
残酷的，残忍的；使人痛苦的；无情的
president
n.
总统；会长；校长；行长
opinion
n.
意见；看法；主张
hopeful
adj.
怀有希望的；有希望的
hopeless
adj.
绝望的；不可救药的
hopefully
adv.
怀有希望地
三星高频词汇
attack
vt.
进攻；攻击；抨击
equal
adj.
相等的；平等的
vt.
等于；比得上n.
对手；匹敌；相等的事物
equally
adv.相等地，平等地；公平
equality
n.
平等；相等；【数】
等式
escape
vi.
逃脱；逃走；避开
devote
vt.
(与to连用)献身；专心于
devoted
adj.
忠实的；深爱的
devotion
n.
献身，奉献；忠诚；热爱
found
vt.
建立；建设
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
“n.＋-ful
adj.”
荟萃
①peace
peaceful
和平的
②pain
painful
痛苦的
③harm
harmful
有害的
④power
powerful
强大的
⑤meaning
meaningful
有意义的
⑥cheer
cheerful
高兴的；欢乐的
2.
后缀-ance高频名词全接触
①guidance
指导；领导
②importance
重要；重要性
③ignorance
无知；愚昧
④significance
意义；重要性
⑤appearance
出现
⑥tolerance
宽容；容忍
【短语巧记】
of
high/poor
quality
质量高/低的
as
a
matter
of
fact
事实上
out
of
work
失业
blow
up
使充气；爆炸
devote
oneself
to
献身于;致力于(=be
devoted
to)
in
trouble
在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等处境中
turn
to
求助于；致力于；转向；翻到
lose
heart
丧失勇气或信心
come
to
power
当权；上台
set
up
设立；建立
be
sentenced
to
被判处……（徒刑）
in
one’s
opinion
在某人看来
in
a
peaceful
way
用一种和平的方式
under
attack
遭到袭击；遭到抨击
be
equal
to
与……相等；胜任；能应付
be
grateful
to
sb
(for
sth)
(因某事)感激某人
escape
from
从……中逃脱
vote
for/against
投票支持/反对
be
willing/unwilling
to
do
愿意/不愿意做……
be
hopeful
about
对……满怀希望
【典句仿写】
1.
this
is/was
a
time
when...这是一个……的时期
【课文原句】However,
this
was
a
time
when
one
had
got
to
have
a
passbook
to
live
in
Johannesburg.
可是，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。
【仿写】This
is
a
time
when
we
Chinese
have
both
a
great
many
challenges
and
opportunities.
这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有机遇的时期。
2.
where引导的定语从句修饰表示抽象概念的名词
【课文原句】The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress,
until
today
we
have
reached
a
stage
where
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
【仿写】We
have
reached
a
stage
where
we
must
start
taking
effective
measures
to
protect
the
environment
so
as
to
save
ourselves.
我们到了这样一个阶段：为了挽救我们自己我们必须开始采取有效措施来保护环境。
3.
only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装
【课文原句】
…,
only
then
did
we
decide
to
answer
violence
with
violence.
……只有到了那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
【仿写】【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
Only
when
you
come
to
China
can
you
experience
Chinese
food
culture.只有你来中国的时候你才能体验中国的饮食文化。
4.
the
first
time引导时间状语从句，类似的还有
each
time
/every
time/
the
last
time/(the)
next
time/the
moment
/
the
minute
/
the
second
/the
instant
等引导时间状语从句。
【课文原句】I
felt
bad
the
first
time
I
talked
to
a
group.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。
【仿写】The
first
time
they
visited
the
Science
Museum,
they
showed
great
interest
in
everything
they
saw.
他们第一次参观科技馆的时候，就对他们看到的所有事物产生了很大的兴趣。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
devote
vt.
(to
give
entirely
to
an
activity,
or
cause)专心于;献身
(1)
devote
oneself
to
sth/doing
sth
献身于……,致力于……
(2)
devoted
adj.
忠诚的;挚爱的
be
devoted
to
sth/doing
sth
忠诚于;专心于
(3)
devotion
n.
挚爱;奉献
devotion
to…
对……的忠诚/关爱
【名师点拨】
(1)devote作为及物动词,后面的宾语可以是time,
life,
money,
energy,也可以是oneself,也可以用于系表结构be
devoted
to。
(2)devote…to…中的to为介词,后跟名词或动名词等。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①We
have
learned
a
great
deal
from
her
devotion
(devote)
to
her
work
and
her
readiness
to
help
others.
②Devoted
(devote)
to
scientific
research
wholeheartedly,
he
spends
little
time
with
his
family.
③He
continued
to
work
there
for
almost
50
years,
devoting
(devote)
his
life
to
his
research
work.
④I
will
make
every
effort
to
take
good
care
of
my
aged
grandfather
because
he
has
devoted
most
of
his
life
to
bringing
(bring)
up
two
generations.
(2)一句多译
他致力于社区活动，获得了周围人的赞扬。(devote)
①He
devoted
himself
to
community
activities
and
was
praised
by
the
people
around.
②Devoting
himself
to
community
activities,
he
was
praised
by
the
people
around.
(现在分词作状语)
③Devoted
to
community
activities,
he
was
praised
by
the
people
around.
(形容词作状语)
2.
equal
v．等于；抵得上
adj.
相等的；胜任的；平等的n．同等的人；相等物；对手
(1)
be
equal
to
sth
等于；比得上；胜任
be
equal
to
doing
sth
胜任做某事
A
equals
B
in...
A在……方面与B相匹敌
(2)
equality
n.
平等，相等；【数】等式
equally
adv.
相等地；同等地
【名师点拨】表示“胜任……”的表达还有：①be
fit
for
②be
qualified
for
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义
写出下列句中equal的词性及含义
①Any
man
will
be
equal
to
the
task,
as
long
as
he
is
careful.
You
should
give
it
a
try.
adj.
胜任的
②We
need
to
be
active
in
all
kinds
of
sports,
and
pay
attention
to
mental
health
which
is
equal
to
physical
health.
adj.
同等的
③Little
joy
can
equal
that
of
a
surprising
ending
when
you
read
stories.
vt.
等于；抵得上
④Beethoven
was
a
world-famous
musician,
who
had
no
equal
in
music.
n.
地位相等的人
(2)一句多译
【2019全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】尽管年轻，我胜任这个志愿者工作。
①Although
I
am
young,
I
am
fit
for
the
volunteer
work.
(fit)
②Young
as
I
am,
I
am
equal
to
the
volunteer
work.
(equal)
③Though
I
am
young,
I
am
qualified
for
the
volunteer
work_.
(qualify)
3.
escape
n.
逃跑;渗出;漏出
vi.
逃脱;避开
vt.
逃避;摆脱;被遗忘;未被注意
(1)
escape
(doing)
sth
逃避(做)
某事
escape
from...
从……逃脱；逃避
(2)
a
narrow
escape
九死一生；惊险逃脱
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①With
the
capture
of
the
escaped
(escape)
tiger,
everyone
felt
relieved.
②He
escaped
being
killed
(kill)
when
the
factory
exploded
because
he
had
not
gone
to
work.
(2)微写作
我刚到家外面就开始下雨了。真是侥幸逃过“一劫”。
As
soon
as
I
got
home
it
started
to
rain
outside—it
was
a
narrow
escape!
【常考短语】
1.
in
trouble
处于不幸中;处于困难或苦恼中
out
of
trouble
摆脱麻烦;远离是非
get
into
trouble
陷入困境(表动作)
take
the
trouble
to
do
sth
不辞辛劳地做某事
have
trouble
with
sth
做某事有困难
have
trouble
(in)
doing
sth
做某事有困难
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①They
are
taking
the
trouble
to
find
(find)
the
right
person
for
the
right
job.
②I
have
some
trouble
reading
(read)
the
letter
because
his
handwriting
is
very
bad.
③It
was
when
we
were
returning
home
that
I
realized
what
a
good
feeling
it
was
to
have
helped
someone
in
trouble.
(2)微写作
①众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境.
As
is
known
to
us
all,
if
we
are
in
trouble,
it
is
not
our
phones
but
our
friends
that
can
really
help
us
out.
②劳拉一直是幸运的,因为每当她处在困境中时,总有人愿意伸出援手。
Laura
is
always
lucky,
for
whenever
(she
is)
in
trouble,
somebody
is
always
willing
to
lend
her
a
hand.
2.
turn
to
把(注意力,话题等)转到；转向；翻到(书的某页；求助于；致力于；开始从事；查阅；变成
turn
down
调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn
up
调大(音量等)；出现;露面
turn
in
上交
turn
out
结果是……；原来是……；被证明是
turn(…)
into…把(……)变成……
turn
on/off
打开/关掉
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中turn
to的含义
①No
one
to
turn
to
in
such
a
frightening
situation,
she
felt
very
helpless.
求助于
②After
he
left
university
he
became
a
teacher,
but
later
turned
to
journalism.
开始从事
③You
shouldn’t
always
turn
to
the
dictionary
when
you
meet
new
words
in
reading.
查阅
④Follow
the
main
road
until
it
branches
and
then
turn
to
the
left.
转向
⑤Solids
turn
to
liquids
at
certain
temperatures.
变成
(2)单句填空——用turn短语的适当形式填空
①She
didn’t
turn
up
at
the
party
as
she
had
promised.
②It
turned
out
that
the
job
was
much
harder
than
we
had
thought.
③She’s
having
a
lot
of
trouble
with
the
new
computer,
but
she
doesn’t
know
whom
to
turn
to.
④The
old
house
where
the
great
poet
once
lived
turned
into/to
a
museum.
3.
lose
heart
丧失勇气或信心；灰心；泄气
(1)
lose
one’s
heart
to
倾心于;爱上
put
one’s
heart
into...
一心扑在……上
learn
...
by
heart
背诵；记牢……
strike...
into
one’s
heart
…使某人刻骨铭心
(2)
heart
and
soul
全心全意地
【名师点拨】使用lose时要注意,有些短语没有物主代词而有些是有物主代词的。如:lose
weight减肥,体重减轻;lose
face丢面子;lose
one’s
temper发火;lose
one’s
head失控;lose
one’s
way迷路
【活学活用】
单句填空——用heart相关短语的适当形式填空
①Although
we
didn’t
win
the
match,
we
didn’t
lose
heart.
②It
is
a
good
practice
to
learn
by
heart
as
many
English
texts
as
possible.
③He
lost
his
heart
to
a
pretty
girl
who
turned
out
to
be
the
daughter
of
his
enemy.
④Tom
put
his
heart
into
the
wildlife
research,
and
finally,
his
efforts
earned
him
great
success
and
fame.
⑤Our
Party
was
founded
in
1921,
since
when
she
has
been
serving
the
people
heart
and
soul.
【必备句型】
1.
The
last
thirty
years
have
seen
the
greatest
number
of
laws
stopping
our
rights
and
progress,
until
today
we
have
reached
a
stage
where
we
have
almost
no
rights
at
all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利,阻挡了我们的进步,直到今天,我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
【名师点拨】
(1)see,
witness常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历、见证”了某事。
(2)当先行词是stage,
point,
case,
situation,
position,
job,
business,
scene等表示抽象地点的名词,并且定语从句缺状语时,常用关系副词where来引导定语从句,相当于in
which。
【活学活用】
单句填空并翻译句子
①The
city
has
seen
(see)
many
changes
in
the
past
ten
years.
②These
ancient
buildings
have
witnessed
(witness)
the
rapid
growth
of
the
city
as
well
as
the
growth
of
this
country
over
the
years.
③Sales
director
is
a
position
where/in
which
communication
ability
is
just
as
important
as
sales
skills.
④Today,
we’ll
discuss
a
number
of
cases
where/in
which
beginners
of
English
fail
to
use
the
language
properly
in
the
cases.
⑤Now
their
peace
talks
have
reached
a
key
stage
where/in
which
one
side
must
give
in
to
the
other.
2.
…only
then
did
we
decide
to
answer
violence
with
violence.
……只有到那个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
【名师点拨】句型公式：only+状语/状语从句+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其余部分+…
当“only+状语/状语从句”置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装,即把助动词、系动词be或情态动词提到主语的前面。但如果only放在句首修饰的是句子的主语,句子则不需要倒装。如:Only
I
know
him
here.
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Only
after
we’d
had
the
car
for
a
few
days
did
we
realize
we’d
been
taken
in
by
the
dealer.
②Only
after
we’ve
lost
everything
are
(be)
we
free
to
do
anything.
③Only
if
people
of
all
the
countries
are
united
will
we
be
able
to
solve
the
existing
problems
in
the
world
(2)完成句子
①Only
in
this
way
can
we
live
in
a
more
comfortable
and
beautiful
surroundings
(我们才能在更舒适和美丽的环境中生活)．
②Only
then
did
I
realize
(我才意识到)
that
it
was
foolish
of
me
to
break
away
from
all
of
my
friends
and
never
contact
them.
③Only
when
I
had
another
failure
in
my
job
seeking
was
I
aware
of
the
value
of
knowledge
(我才认识到知识的价值)
(aware)
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】We
are
confident
that
we
can
win
this
competition.
But
we
sincerely
hope
you
will
give
us
your
guidance
(guide)
and
encouragement.
②【2017天津卷】
He
is
a
devoted
(devote)
father
because
he
was
strict
with
his
daughter
and
encouraged
her
when
she
was
in
trouble.
③【2018北京卷】Travelling
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an
interesting
and
rewarding
(reward)
experience.
④【2019全国卷Ⅱ】Your
personal
circumstances
are
equally
(equal)
important.
⑤【2018北京卷书面表达】The
tea
house
witnessed
(witness)
a
really
enjoyable
time.
⑥【2019天津卷】Their
child
is
at
the
stage
where
she
can
say
individual
words
but
not
full
sentences.
⑦【2017北京卷书面表达】Much
to
our
surprise,
the
video
turned
out(结果)
to
be
well
received.
⑧【2018北京卷】Now
Mr.
Anderson
has
set
up
an
online
campaign
to
raise
money
for
Mr.
Smith
and
other
homeless
people
in
the
area.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】Great
changes
have
taken
place
in
our
school
in
the
last
few
years.
Our
school
has
witnessed
great
changes
in
the
last
few
years.
(用witness
表达某地经历了某事)
②【2016浙江卷书面表达】I
could
make
rapid
progress
with
bravery
and
perseverance.
Only
with
bravery
and
perseverance
could
I
make
rapid
progress.
(用only+状语置于句首的部分倒装升级)
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jack回信，内容包括：①该人物是谁；②该人物的主要贡献；③该人物对你的影响。【分化步骤，先句后篇】
①我第一次读到关于张衡的文章，就被他感动了，他是中国古代一个伟大的天文学家和发明家。(定语从句)
The
first
time
I
read
about
Zhang
Heng,
who
was
a
great
astronomer
and
inventor
in
ancient
China,
I
was
touched.
②他的一生致力于科学研究和发明，包括著名的地震仪。
During
his
life
time,
he
was
devoted
to
science
research
and
inventions,
including
the
famous
seismograph.
③事实上，他第一次介绍地震仪时被嘲笑了。
As
a
matter
of
fact,
he
got
laughed
at
when
he
first
introduced
his
seismograph.
④从未失去信心并继续研究。
He
never
lost
heart
but
went
on
his
research.
⑤他深信只有他相信自己时，他才能胜任做任何事情。
He
was
convinced
that
he
was
equal
to
doing
anything
only
when
he
believed
in
himself.
⑥他对科学的贡献是无法回报的。
Nothing
could
reward
his
contributions
to
science.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用分词作状语升级第③句
As
a
matter
of
fact,
he
got
laughed
at
when
first
introducing
his
seismograph.
②利用倒装句升级1中句⑤
He
was
convinced
that
only
when
he
believed
in
himself
was
he
equal
to
doing
anything.
3.
恰当运用过渡词，完美布局成篇
Dear
Jack,
Knowing
that
you’re
interested
in
ancient
Chinese
people,
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
share
with
you
my
idol
Zhang
Heng.
The
first
time
I
read
about
Zhang
Heng,
who
was
a
great
astronomer
and
inventor
in
ancient
China,
I
was
touched.
During
his
life
time,
he
was
devoted
to
scientific
research
and
inventions,
including
the
famous
seismograph.
As
a
matter
of
fact,
he
got
laughed
at
when
first
introducing
his
seismograph.
However,
he
never
lost
heart
but
went
on
with
his
research.
Above
all,
he
was
convinced
that
only
when
he
believed
in
himself
was
he
equal
to
doing
anything.
From
my
perspective,
nothing
could
reward
his
contributions
to
science.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua必修1
Unit4
Earthquakes
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
(写出下列单词的词性和意义)
quake
n.
地震；震动
earthquake
n.
地震
well
n.
井
smelly
adj.
发臭的；有臭味的
pipe
n.
管；导管
million
n.
百万
canal
n.
运河；水道
steam
n.
蒸汽；水汽
dirt
n.
污垢；泥土
suffering
n.
苦难；痛苦
brick
n.
砖；砖块
shelter
n.
掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处
dam
n.
水坝；堰堤
track
n.
轨道；足迹；痕迹
mine
n.
矿；矿山；矿井
miner
n.
矿工
bar
n.
条；棒；条状物
outline
n.
要点；大纲；轮廓
headline
n.
报刊的大字标题
cyclist
n.
骑自行车的人
二星写作词汇
event
n.
事件；大事
trap
vt.
使陷入困境n.
陷阱；困境
rescue
n.
&
vt.
援救；营救
disaster
n.
灾难；灾祸
title
n.
标题；头衔；资格
damage
n.
&
vt.
损失；损害
congratulation
n.
祝贺；(复数)贺词
nation
n.
民族；国家；国民
national
adj.
国家的；国民的；民族的；
extreme
adj.
极度的
extremely
adv.
非常，极其；极端地
destroy
vt.
破坏；毁坏；消灭
destruction
n.
破坏，毁灭；摧毁
useless
adj.
无用的；无效的；无益的
useful
adj.
有用的，有益的；有帮助的
shock
vt.
&
vi.
(使)震惊；震动
n.
休克；震惊
shocked
adj.
震惊的；震憾的
shocking
adj.
令人震惊的；可怕的
electricity
n.
电；电流；电学
electric
adj.
电的；电动的；发电的；导电的
electrical
adj.
有关电的；电气科学的
reporter
n.
记者report
n.
报告；报道；vt.
报告；报导
frighten
vt.
使惊吓；吓唬
frightened
adj.
受惊的；受恐吓的
frightening
adj.
令人恐惧的
sincerely
adv.
真诚地；真挚地
sincere
adj.
真诚的；诚挚的；真实的
express
vt.
表示；表达n.
快车；速递
expression
n.
表达；表情，脸色
三星高频词汇
burst
vi.
(burst,
burst)
爆裂；爆发
n.
突然破裂；爆发
ruin
n.
废墟；毁灭vt.
毁灭；使破产
injure
vt.
损害；伤害
injured
adj.
受伤的；受损害的
injury
n.
伤害，损害；受伤处
judge
n.
裁判员；法官vt.
断定；判断；判决
bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
【构词法巧记单词】
1.“-ing”结尾的形容词
①shocking
令人震惊的
②frightening
令人害怕的
③terrifying
令人恐惧的
④disappointing
令人失望的
⑤amazing
令人惊讶的
⑥disgusting
令人厌恶的
2.“-ed”结尾的形容词
①shocked
震惊的
②frightened
感到害怕的；受惊的
③terrified
感到害怕的
④disappointed
感到失望的
⑤amazed
感到惊讶的
⑥disgusted
厌恶的
【短语巧记】
right
away
立刻；
马上
as
if
仿佛；好像
at
an
end
结束；
终结
in
ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
dig
out
掘出；
发现
a
(great)
number
of
许多；
大量的
cut
off
切断
be
trapped
in
陷入；被困在……之中
be
buried
in
埋头于
judge
(…)
by/from
从……判断(……)
give
out
分发；用尽，用完
in
the
open
air
在户外
as
usual
照例;像往常一样
be
proud
of
以……自豪
think
little
of
轻视；不假思索；认为……没价值
express
one’s
thanks
to
sb向某人表达某人的谢意
【典句仿写】
1.
too...to...意为
“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义.
【课文原句】In
the
farmyards,
the
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat.
农家庭院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西。
【仿写】【2018北京卷书面表达】
As
the
old
saying
goes,
“It’s
never
late
to
learn.”
正如谚语所说，活到老，学到老。
2.
It
seems
as
if
…
似乎/好像……
【课文原句】It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end!
仿佛到了世界末日!
【仿写】A
young
couple
in
a
boat
were
eating,
talking
and
laughing
loudly
as
if
they
were
the
only
people
in
the
world.
一对年轻夫妇在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。
3.
was/were
doing...+when
+…+
did…
正在做…突然…
【课文原句】
The
man
was
sleeping
downstairs
when
the
earthquake
happened.
那名男子正在楼下睡觉突然发地震了。
【仿写】
I
was
wandering
along
the
street
when
the
hotel
opposite
fell
down.
我正在街上闲逛突然对面的酒店倒塌了。
4.
all
of
whom引导定语从句,
相当于
and
all
of
them，类似的还有
some/each/both/
neither/most/many/各种数词+
of
+which/whom
引导定语从句。
【课文原句】Your
speech
was
heard
by
five
judges,
all
of
whom
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year.
五位评委听了你的演讲,他们一致认为这是今年最好的演讲。
【仿写】【2016江苏卷】Many
young
people,
most
of
whom
were
well-educated,
headed
for
remote
regions
to
chase
their
dreams.
许多年轻人都出偏远地区追逐梦想，他们大多数都受过良好教育。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
burst
vi.
(使)破裂;爆发;突然出现
n.[C]突然破裂;迸发;爆发
burst
into
tears/laughter
突然大哭/大笑起来
burst
out
crying/laughing
突然大哭/大笑起来
burst
in
vi.
&
vt.闯入；突然破门而入
burst
in/
into…
vt.
闯入…；突然破门而入…
burst
with
anger/joy
勃然大怒/乐不可支
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
weather
turned
warm
unexpectedly,
making
the
trees
burst
into
leaves.
②He
is
always
bursting
with
curiosity
in
anything
and
wants
to
make
an
attempt
at
it.
③As
he
walked
into
the
classroom
with
that
funny-looking
hat,
everyone
burst
out
laughing
(laugh).
④Suddenly
the
door
opened
and
a
group
of
children
burst
in.
(2)一句多译
看到她的同学因为她的愚蠢错误哄堂大笑，她突然哭了起来。
①When
she
saw
her
classmates
burst
into
laughter
because
of
her
foolish
mistakes,
she
burst
into
tears.
(burst
into…)
②Seeing
her
classmates
burst
out
laughing
because
of
her
foolish
mistakes,
she
burst
out
crying.
(burst
out;
分词作状语)
2.
ruin
vt.
(使)毁灭;(使)破产
n.毁灭;
(常用复数)废墟;遗迹
(1)
(be/lie)
in
ruins
严重受损;破败不堪
be
reduced
to
ruins
沦为废墟
(2)
ruin
oneself
自取灭亡
ruin
one’s
health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Shortly
after
suffering
from
a
terrible
earthquake
and
being
reduced
to
ruins
(ruin),the
city
took
on
a
new
look.
②Many
a
famous
pop
star
has
been
ruined
(ruin)
by
drugs
in
the
past
few
years.
③It
has
rained
for
two
weeks
on
end,
completely
ruining
(ruin)
our
holiday.
④【2016全国III卷】When
they
returned
to
Rockaway
the
next
day,
they
found
their
neighborhood
in
ruins
(ruin).
(2)一句多译
他犯了个严重错误，这让他失去了出国的机会。
①He
made
a
serious
mistake,
which
ruined
his
chance
of
going
abroad.
(定语从句)
②He
made
a
serious
mistake,
ruining
his
chance
of
going
abroad.
(分词作状语)
3.
injure
vt.
伤害
；损害
(1)
injured
adj.
受伤的
get
injured
受伤
the
injured
伤员
(2)
injury
n.
伤；伤口；伤害
do
sb
an
injury
伤害某人
do
an
injury
to
sb
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Believe
it
or
not,
what
you
said
just
now
injured
(injure)
her
pride.
②【2018北京卷】By
mile
17,
I
became
out
of
breath
and
the
once
injured
(injure)
ankle
hurt
badly.
③Dog’s
owners
should
be
responsible
if
their
pets
do
an
injury
(injure)
to
other
people
or
cause
damage
to
their
property.
(2)微写作
我的左脚受了重伤，不能按计划和你一起去了。
With
my
left
foot
seriously
injured,
I
can‘t
go
with
you
as
planned.
（with复合结构）
4.
bury
vt.
埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入
bury
oneself
in
(doing)
sth
埋头于(做)某事;专心于(做)
be
buried
in
(doing)
sth
埋头于(做)某事;专心于(做)某事
be
buried
in
thought
陷入沉思
【名师点拨】表达类似意义的结构短语还有：
①be
absorbed
in
专心于；全神贯注于
②be
lost
in
埋头于，迷失在……中
③be
engaged
in
参与；从事于；忙于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
girl
was
sitting
on
the
bench
in
the
park,
burying
(bury)
herself
in
the
book.
②He
stood
on
the
sidewalk
with
his
hands
buried
(bury)
in
the
pockets
of
his
dark
coat.
③She
sat
on
the
ground,
buried
(bury)
in
thought.
④He
sank
into
a
chair,
burying
(bury)
his
face
in
his
hands.
(2)一句多译
我父亲在专心看书，没注意到我走进了房间。（bury)
①My
father
was
buried
in
a
book
and
he
didn’t
notice
me
walk
into
the
room.
②My
father
buried
himself
in
a
book
and
he
didn’t
notice
me
walk
into
the
room.
③My
father,
who
was
buried
in
a
book,
didn’t
notice
me
walk
into
the
room.
(定语从句)
④My
father,
burying
himself
in
a
book,
didn’t
notice
me
walk
into
the
room.
(现在分词)
⑤My
father,
buried
in
a
book,
didn’t
notice
me
walk
into
the
room.
(过去分词作定语)
5.
judge
n.法官;裁判员
vt.
&
vi.判决;判断;断定
(1)
judging
from/by…
根据……来判断
(2)
judge
+
sb/sth
+
from/by…
以……来判断……
(3)
judgement
/judgment
n.
判断,审判;判断力
【名师点拨】judging
from/by…置于句首作状语。v.-ing形式不受主语的限制,
构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally
speaking一般来说；honestly
speaking
坦白地说；considering…考虑到……
【活学活用】
单句填空
①It
proved
to
be
difficult
to
make
a
judgement
(judge)
about
how
well
the
school
was
performing.
②You
have
no
right
to
judge
(judge)
other
people.
③As
students
differ
from
each
other
in
many
aspects,
they
should
never
be
judged
(judge)
by
their
scores.
④Judging
(judge)
from
the
above
story,
we
can
draw
the
conclusion
that
we
don’t
judge
a
man
from/by
his
looks.
【常考短语】
1.
at
an
end
结束；终结
(1)
at
the
end
of...
在……尽头，在……末端
by
the
end
of
到……结束时
(多用完成时态）
in
the
end
最后；终于
(2)
come
to
an
end
结束
put
an
end
to
sth
结束/终结某事
make
ends
meet
使收支相抵
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
meeting
came
to
an
end
and
he
set
down
a
number
of
key
words.
②At
first
he
refused
to
accept
any
responsibility
but
he
ended
up
apologizing
(apologize)．
③His
newly
written
novel
had
been
translated
(translate)
into
English
by
the
end
of
last
month.
④By
the
end
of
this
week,
I
will
have
finished
(finish)
most
of
the
work.
(2)用end短语的适当形式填空
①I
must
warn
you
that
my
patience
is
almost
at
an
end
(耗尽).
②We
were
thinking
about
going
to
Switzerland,
but
in
the
end
(最终)
we
went
to
Austria.
③【2019北京卷】By
the
end
of
the
century,
if
not
sooner,
the
world’s
oceans
will
be
bluer
and
greener
thanks
to
a
warming
climate,
according
to
a
new
study.
2.
a
(great)
number
of
许多；大量的
【“许多”大家族】
a
large/great
number
of
+[C]
作主语时，谓语用复数
large
/great
numbers
of
+[C]
作主语时，谓语用复数
a
good/great
many
(=many)
+[C]
作主语时，谓语用复数
a
large/great
amount
of
+[U]
作主语时，谓语用单数
large
/great
amounts
of
+[U]
作主语时，谓语用复数
a
good/great
deal
of
+[U]
作主语时，谓语用单数
a
lot
of/lots
of/a
large
quantity
of
+[U]/[C]
作主语时，谓语与后面的名词保持一致
large
quantities
of
+[U]/[C]
作主语时，谓语用复数
【名师点拨】与数量相关的常用写作短语
a
growing
number
of
起来越多的
an
increasing
number
of
起来越多的
the
number
of
......的数量（作主语时，谓语用单数）
【活学活用】
单句填空
①In
China,
the
number
of
cities
is
increasing
whose
development
is
recognized
across
the
world.
(a
number
of/the
number
of)
②As
China
develops
fast
and
steady,
a
number
of
foreigners
are
learning
Chinese
as
a
second
language.
(a
number
of/the
number
of)
③A
great
deal
of
money
was
donated
(donate)
to
a
university
by
an
ordinary
worker,
which
aroused
public
attention.
④With
more
and
more
forests
cut
down,
large
quantities
of
soil
were
(be)
being
washed
away.
【必备句型】
1.
In
the
farmyards,
the
chickens
and
even
the
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat.
在农家大院里，鸡甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：too＋adj./adv.
(for
sb)
＋to
do
sth意为
“太…而不能…”，表示否定意义
(1)当too＋adj./adv.
(for
sb)
＋to
do
sth用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious,
eager,
glad,
happy,
pleased,
ready,
willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。
(2)can’t/can
never
too+
adj.
再怎么……也不过分,
相当于
“can’t
/can
never
be
+
adj.
+
enough
”
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空并翻译句子
①Little
John
is
too
young
to
take
(take)
up
the
difficult
job.
②He
was
too
eager
to
know
the
result
of
his
examination.
③You
can't
be
too
careful
when
you
do
your
homework.
(2)一句多译
人在做这样的实验时越仔细越好
①One
can
never
be
too
careful
when
doing
such
an
experiment.
②One
can
never
be
careful
enough
when
doing
such
an
experiment.
2.
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end!
仿佛到了世界末日！
【名师点拨】
句型公式：It
seemed/seems
(to
sb)
as
if/though...
(对某人来说)似乎……
(1)如果从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气。
(2)如果从句所陈述情况是不真实的或极小可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气。
与现在事实相反：did/were/was
与过去事实相反：had
done
与将来事实相反：would/could＋do
(3)如as
if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词
【活学活用】
单句填空
①When
a
pencil
is
partly
put
into
a
glass
of
water,
it
looks
as
if
it
were/was
broken
(break).
②It
was
John
who
broke
the
window.
Why
are
you
talking
to
me
as
if
I
had
done
(do)
it?
③She
walked
here
and
there
on
the
playground
as
if
looking
(look)
for
something.
④From
time
to
time,
when
I
looked
up
from
my
page,
I
saw
the
master
looking
about
him
as
if
to
impress
(impress)
upon
his
mind
everything
in
the
room.
⑤Live
as
if
you
were
to
die
tomorrow.
Learn
as
if
you
were
(be)
to
live
forever.
3.
All
hope
was
not
lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
【名师点拨】
句型公式：all...
not...＝not
all...，意为
“并非所有的……都……”，部分否定。
(1)当not与含“全部/所有/任何”
等意义的词与not连用，如：all,
both,
everything,
everyone,
everything,
everywhere,
always等词连用时为部分否定,意为“并非都……”。
(2)当not与any,
anyone,
anywhere,
anything等词连用或出现no,
nothing,
nobody,
nowhere,
none时是完全否定。
【活学活用】
补全句子/单句填空
①He
told
me
all
pieces
of
the
news,
but
none
(of
them)
is
interesting
(没有一个有趣的).
②Our
English
teacher
is
excellent,
but
he
can’t
help
everyone
(不能帮助每一个人)
in
the
class
in
50
minutes.
③【2018浙江卷写作】Dad
proposed
that
we
should
walk
along
the
river
which
may
lead
us
to
the
farm
house
and
nothing
(没有什么)
seemed
better
than
that.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2018北京卷】A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
had
been
trapped
(trap)
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.
②【2019北京卷】They
are
extremely
(extreme)
important
in
the
safe
and
effective
running
of
our
programmes.
③【2018北京卷】
A
month
before
my
first
marathon,
one
of
my
ankles
was
injured
(injure),
leaving
me
only
two
weeks
to
train.
④【2018江苏卷】The
economic
impact
of
the
arts
is
often
overlooked
and
badly
judged
(judge)．
⑤【2016北京卷书面表达】
We
are
proud
of
ourselves
(为自己感到骄傲)
and
believe
we
can
do
more
for
a
better
world.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2017天津卷书面表达】Though
I’m
busy
in
reading
books
these
days,
I
have
still
joined
several
student
clubs
in
order
to
improve
myself.
Though
buried
in
books
these
days,
I
have
still
joined
several
student
clubs
in
order
to
improve
myself.
(状语从句省略；升级蓝色字体词汇)
②【2017全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】Besides,
there
are
many
artists
whose
masterpieces
will
be
on
exhibition.
In
addition,
there
are
a
great
number
of
artists
whose
masterpieces
will
be
on
exhibition.
(升级蓝色字体词汇)
【主题写作】
某地发生地震后，许多互联网科技企业、各大旅游网站和汽车公司等纷纷在第一时间加入抢险救灾的行列中。请你以灾区学生李华的名义给这些企业写一封感谢信，表达你的感激之情。
【分化步骤，先句后篇】
1.
列提纲，补全要点句。
①我写信衷心地感激你们及时的援助，因为没有你们的援助我的生活就不会恢复正常。
I’m
writing
to
express
my
sincere
thanks
for
your
timely
rescue,
because
without
it
my
life
couldn’t
have
returned
to
normal.
②几天前，一场极其可怕的地震袭击了我的家乡，使得许多房屋成为废墟并彻底毁坏了我的家。(定语从句)
A
few
days
ago,
an
extremely
frightening
earthquake
struck
my
hometown,
which
left
a
great
number
of
houses
in
ruins
and
completely
destroyed
my
house.
③我震惊地发现一切都被埋在了倒塌的房屋下面，于是我大哭起来。
I
was
shocked
to
find
everything
buried
under
the
fallen
house,
so
I
burst
into
tears.
④仿佛到了世界末日！
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end.
⑤尽管你们是陌生人，但是你们竭尽全力的帮助让我有了避难之处，有了赖以存活的足够的食物和水。
Strangers
as
you
are,
you
have
done
everything
you
can
to
help
us
have
a
shelter
to
live
in
and
enough
food
and
water
to
survive
on.
⑥我再怎么表达我的衷心感激也不为过。
I
can’t
express
my
heartfelt
appreciation
too
much.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句升级1中句①
I’m
writing
to
express
my
sincere
thanks
for
your
timely
rescue,
without
which
my
life
couldn’t
have
returned
to
normal.
②利用分词作状语升级1中句③
Shocked
to
find
everything
buried
under
the
fallen
house,
I
burst
into
tears.
3.
恰当运用过渡词，完美布局成篇
Dear
sir/madam,
I’m
writing
to
express
my
sincere
thanks
for
your
timely
rescue,
without
which
my
life
couldn’t
have
returned
to
normal.
A
few
days
ago,
an
extremely
frightening
earthquake
struck
my
hometown,
which
left
a
great
number
of
houses
in
ruins
and
completely
destroyed
my
house.
Shocked
to
find
everything
buried
under
the
fallen
house,
I
burst
into
tears.
As
far
as
I
can
judge,
it
seemed
as
if
the
world
was
at
an
end.
Thankfully,
strangers
as
you
are,
you
have
done
everything
you
can
to
help
me
have
a
shelter
to
live
in
and
enough
food
and
water
to
survive
on.
Therefore,
I
can’t
express
my
heartfelt
gratitude
too
much.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua必修1
Unit3
Travel
journal
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
route
n.
路线；路途
fare
n.
费用
flow
vi.
流动；流出n.
流动；流量
cycle
vi.
骑自行车
source
n.
来源；水源
altitude
n.
海拔高度；高处
waterfall
n.
瀑布
valley
n.（山）谷；流域
beneath
prep.
在……下面
forecast
n.
&
vt.
预测；预报
parcel
n.
小包；包裹
insurance
n.
保险
pillow
n.
枕头；枕垫
midnight
n.
午夜；子夜
flame
n.
火焰；光芒；热情
temple
n.
庙宇；寺庙
cave
n.
洞穴；地窖
二星写作词汇
journal
n.
日记；杂志；定期刊物
schedule
n.
时间表；进度表vt.
为某事安排时间
detail
n.
细节；详情
fond
adj.
喜爱的；慈爱的；宠爱的
shortcoming
n.
缺点
stubborn
adj.
顽固的；固执的
journey
n.
旅行；旅程
attitude
n.
态度；看法
pace
vi.
缓慢而行；踱步
n.
一步；速度；步调
wool
n.
羊毛；毛织品
boil
vi.
（指液体）沸腾；（指水）开boiling
adj.沸腾的boiled
adj.烧开的
;煮熟的
transport
n.
&vt.
运送；运输transportation
n.
运输；运输系统；运输工具
disadvantage
n.
不利条件；不便advantage
n.
优势；利益；有利条件
graduate
vi.
毕业n.
大学毕业生
graduation
n.
毕业；毕业典礼
finally
adv.
最后；终于
final
adj.
最终的；决定性的；n.
决赛；期末考试
organize
vt.
组织；成立
organization
n.
组织
organized
adj.有组织的；安排有秩序的；做事有条理的
bend
n.
弯；拐角vt.
(
bent
,
bent
)
使弯曲vi.
弯身；弯腰
reliable
adj.
可信赖的；可靠的rely
vi.
依靠；信赖
三星高频词汇
prefer
vt.
更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
preference
n.
偏爱，倾向；优先权
persuade
vt.
说服；劝说
determine
vt.
决定；确定；下定决心
determination
n.
决心determined
adj.
坚决的；有决心的
view
n.
风景；视野；观点；见解
vt.
观看；注视；考虑
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
-able后缀形容词荟萃
2.
与“性格”有关的形容词小结
①reliable
可信赖的；可靠的
①stubborn
固执的
②adjustable
可调节的
②easy-going
随和的
③fashionable
时尚的；时髦的
③outgoing
外向的
④reasonable
合理的
④gentle
温和的
⑤adaptable
适合的；能适应的
⑤optimistic
乐观的
⑥acceptable
可接受的；合意的
⑥outspoken
坦率的
【短语巧记】
ever
since
自从；自......以后
be
fond
of
喜爱；喜欢
care
about
关心；忧虑；惦念
change
one’s
mind
改变主意
make
up
one’s
mind
下决心；决定
give
in投降；屈服；让步
at
midnight
在午夜
as
usual
照常
dream
of
/about
梦想
graduate
from
从……毕业
fell
like感觉像……；想要
look
like
看起来像……
put
up
张贴；搭建
cannot/hardly
wait
to
do
sth
迫不及待做某事
be
determined
to
do
sth
决心做某事(表示状态)
be
dressed
in
穿着……服装
【典句仿写】
1.
强调句型：It
was+强调部分+that/who+其他.
【课文原句】
It
was
my
sister
who
first
had
the
idea
to
cycle
along
the
entire
Mekong
River
from
where
it
begins
to
where
it
ends.
首先想到沿整个湄公河从它的源头到它的终点骑行的是我的姐姐
【仿写】Don’t
complain.
It
is
when
others
make
complaints
that
your
opportunity
comes.
不要抱怨。你的机遇正是在别人抱怨的时候来临了。
2.
once
引导条件状语从句,意为
“一旦……”
【课文原句】Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind,
nothing
can
change
it.
她一旦下了决心,什么也不能使她改变。
【仿写】Once
you
are
tested
positive
for
COVID-19,
you
will
receive
free
medical
treatment
from
our
government
and
get
isolated
in
the
appointed
hospital.
一旦你被检测出新冠病毒检测呈阳性，你就会得到政府的免费治疗并在指定的医院隔离。
3.
can
hardly/can’t
wait
to
do
sth.
迫不及待地要做某事
【课文原句】
We
can
hardly
wait
to
see
them!
我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！
【仿写】I
can’t
wait
to
play
football
with
my
classmates
on
the
school
playground,
since
I
have
been
forced
indoors
for
so
long.
由于被迫在家里呆了这么久，我迫不及待地想要和我的同学们去学校操场上踢球了。
4.
no
matter
how/when/where/what/who/whom/which”引导让步状语从句,
意为“不管怎样；无论多么”
【课文原句】A
determined
person
always
tries
to
finish
the
job,
no
matter
how
hard
it
is
.
无论工作有多么困难,一个有决心的人总是会努力完成它。
【仿写】No
matter
where
you
go
and
no
matter
what
you
do,
I’ll
be
right
here
waiting
for
you.
无论你去了哪里，无论你做了什么，我都会在这儿等你。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
prefer
vt.(to
like
better)
偏好；更喜欢
(preferred;
preferred;
preferring)
(1)
prefer
doing/to
do
sth
希望做某事
prefer
sb
to
do
sth
希望某人做某事
prefer
(doing)
sth
to
(doing)
sth
喜欢(做)……而不喜欢(做)……
prefer
to
do…rather
than
do…
宁愿做……而不愿做……
would
do…rather
than
do…
宁愿做……而不愿做……
would
rather
do…than
do…
宁愿做……而不愿做……
(2)
preference
n.
喜爱；偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物
have
a
preference
for
偏爱……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He
comes
from
Shanghai,
so
he
prefers
rice
to
noodles.
②I
was
not
surprised
at
all
that
she
chose
the
white
skirt.
She
always
has
a
preference
for
white.
③She
is
very
traditional;
she
prefers
dressing
(dress)
formally
to
wearing
sport
clothes.
④Nowadays
many
children
prefer
to
surf
(surf)
the
Internet
at
home
rather
than
take
(take)
exercise
outdoors.
(2)一句多译
孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。
①The
children
preferred
cycling
to
the
countryside
to
staying
at
home
all
the
day.
(prefer...to...)
②The
children
would
rather
cycle
to
the
countryside
than
stay
at
home
all
the
day.
(would
rather
do...than
do...)
③The
children
preferred
to
cycle
to
the
countryside
rather
than
stay
at
home
all
the
day.
(prefer
to
do...rather
than
do...)
④The
children
would
cycle
to
the
countryside
rather
than
stay
at
home
all
the
day.
(would
do...
rather
than
do...)
2.
persuade
vt.
劝说;劝服;
使信服;
使相信
(1)
persuade
sb
to
do
sth
说服某人做某事
persuade
sb
into
doing
sth
说服某人做某事
(2)
persuade
sb
not
to
do
sth
说服某人不做某事
persuade
sb
out
of
doing
sth)
说服某人不做某事
(3)
try
to
persuade
sb
to
do
sth
尽力劝说某人做某事
advise
sb
to
do
sth
劝说某人做某事
【名师点拨】
表示“说服”时,用persuade
sb
to
do
sth/persuade
sb
into
doing
sth,
如果“说而不服”则要用try
to
persuade
sb
to
do
sth或advise
sb
to
do
sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①She
was
persuaded
to
believe
(believe)
what
he
said
and
promised
to
help
him
out
of
trouble.
②While
shopping,
people
sometimes
can’t
help
being
persuaded
(persuade)
into
buying
something
they
don’t
really
need.
③In
my
view,
it
will
be
difficult
for
us
to
persuade
(persuade)
them
that
there’s
no
other
choice.
④I
managed
to
persuade
my
classmates
to
accept
(accept)
my
idea
(2)句型转换
①I
tried
to
persuade
him
not
to
go
to
the
cinema,
but
he
didn’t
listen
to
me.
I
tried
to
persuade
him
out
of
going
to
the
cinema,
but
he
didn’t
listen
to
me.
②He
is
so
stubborn
that
perhaps
nobody
can
persuade
him
to
change
his
mind.
He
is
so
stubborn
that
perhaps
nobody
can
persuade
him
into
changing
his
mind.
3.
determine
vt.(to
reach,
make,
or
come
to
a
decision
about
something)决定;下定决心
(1)
determine
sb
to
do
sth
使某人决定做某事
determine
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
(2)
determined
adj.
坚决的;果断的
be
determined
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
(3)
determination
n.
决心;果断
【活学活用】
单句填空
The
determination
(determine)
of
the
meaning
of
a
word
is
often
difficult
without
a
context.
The
determined
(determine)
look
in
their
eyes
told
us
that
nothing
could
make
them
change
their
minds.
The
old
man
was
determined,
even
at
his
age,
to
cross
(cross)
the
water
to
see
his
youngest
son
in
New
Zealand.
As
the
professor
puts
it,
it
is
a
positive
attitude
that
determines
people’s
success.
She
took
a
deep
breath
and
fixed
her
eyes
on
the
sky,
determined
(determine)
not
to
look
back.
4.
view
n.风景;视野;观点;见解
vt.观看;注视;考虑
(1)
come
into
view
映入眼帘
get/have
a
good
view
of
(清楚地)看到……的景色
in
one’s
view/opinion
在某人看来;依某人看
(2)
view
sb/sth
as…
把……视为……
【名师点拨】
“开拓视野”表达方式
①broaden
one’s
view
②broaden
one’s
horizon
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中view的词性及含义
①His
view
of
life
has
changed
a
lot
ever
since
the
experience
he
had
in
Africa
three
years
ago.
n.
观点；看法
②I
walked
up
to
the
top
of
the
hill
with
my
friends,
where
we
enjoyed
a
splendid
view
of
the
lake.
n.
风景
③Although
life
in
a
new
country
can
be
difficult,
it
can
broaden
our
view.
n.视野
④We
can
view
the
problem
in
many
ways.
vt.
考虑
(2)单句填空
①Viewed
(view)
from
the
top
of
the
mountain,
the
city
looks
like
a
bird
nest.
②Standing
on
the
top
of
Mount
Tai,
we
are
able
to
have
a
good
view
of
(清楚看到)
the
beautiful
scenery
of
the
whole
city.
③Education
is
so
important
in
modern
society
that
it
can
be
viewed
as
a
lifelong
process.
④When
we
reached
the
top
of
the
mountain,
a
wide
plain
came
into
view
(映入眼帘).
【常考短语】
1.
make
up
one’s
mind
某人下定决心
【“决定”大家族】+
to
do
(1)
decide
to
do
sth
决定做某事
determine
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
be
determined
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
make
up
one’s
mind
to
do
sth
下决心做某事
(2)
change
one’s
mind
某人改变主意
keep/bear
in
mind
记住;牢记在心头
【名师点拨】
短语make
up
one’s
mind,
change
one’s
mind中的mind的单复数要随其前的one的单复数发生变化。
【活学活用】
(1)用mind相关短语的适当形式填空
①He
didn’t
do
the
job
very
well,
but
you
must
keep/bear
in
mind
(记住)
that
he
was
ill
at
the
time.
②My
sister
is
so
stubborn
that
nobody
can
persuade
her
to
change
her
mind
(改变主意).
③I
made
up
my
mind
(下定决心).
to
study
harder
rather
than
waste
precious
time
on
those
useless
things.
(2)一句多译
我下定决心要更加努力地学习而不是把宝贵的时间浪费在那些无用的事情上面。
I
made
up
my
mind
to
study
harder
rather
than
waste
precious
time
on
those
useless
things.
I
decided
to
study
harder
rather
than
waste
precious
time
on
those
useless
things.
I
determined
to
study
harder
rather
than
waste
precious
time
on
those
useless
things.
I
was
determined
to
study
harder
rather
than
waste
precious
time
on
those
useless
things.
2.
give
in
vi.
屈服;让步;
vt.上交(试卷等)
give
in
to
向……让步/屈服
give
away
泄露(秘密);赠送;捐赠
give
out
分发；用完；消耗尽；精疲力竭
give
back
归还;交还
give
up
放弃;认输
give
off
放出;散发(光、热、烟、气味等
【活学活用】
用give相关短语的适当形式填空
①The
old
teacher
gave
away
all
his
books
to
the
school
last
month.
②We
will
never
give
up
working,
whatever
happens.
③You
are
the
beautiful
rose
giving
off
great
fragrance
in
a
big
garden.
④I
believe
that
my
own
good
fortune
brings
with
it
a
responsibility
to
give
back
to
the
world.
⑤My
mother
never
gave
in
to
the
difficulties
which
she
was
faced
with
when
she
brought
me
up.
3.
put
up
搭建;举起;张贴;抬高价格;留宿
put
down
写下;记下;镇压
put
off
延期;推迟
put
on
穿上;戴上;上演;增加(体重)
put
up
with
忍受;容忍
put
aside
撇开；把...放在一边，暂不考虑；储存…备用
put
forward
提出
【活学活用】
用put相关短语的适当形式填空
①They
put
up
a
sign
in
the
garden,
saying,
“Keep
off
the
grass.”
②Let
me
put
down
your
telephone
number
before
I
forget
it.
③Just
because
of
the
rain,
the
sports
meeting
was
put
off
.
④We
would
take
her
if
she
could
put
up
with
the
bad
living
conditions
there.
⑤The
plan
put
forward
at
the
meeting
yesterday
will
be
carried
out
next
week.
【必备句型】
1.
Although
she
didn’t
know
the
best
way
of
getting
to
places,
she
insisted
that
she
organize
the
trip
properly.
虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚,她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
【名师点拨】句型公式：insist
that...(should)
do
sth
坚持主张……做某事
(1)insist
(坚持说/认为)
that...，从句用陈述语气。
(2)insist(坚决要求/主张)
that
sb
(should)
do...，从句用虚拟语气。
(3)insist
on
doing
sth坚持做某事
【活学活用】
单句填空
①Jenny
insisted
that
the
doctor
who
operated
on
her
husband
(should)
take
(take)
full
responsibility
for
this
medical
accident.
②The
lady
insisted
that
she
had
done
(do)
nothing
wrong
and
that
she
(should)
be
treated
(treat)
properly.
③Despite
my
attempts
to
get
him
to
call
me
by
my
Christian
name,
he
insisted
on
addressing
me
as
“Mr.
Kennedy”.
④【2017天津卷书面表达】The
teacher
insisted
that
every
minute
(should)
be
made
full
use
of
(充分利用)
to
do
the
work
well.
2.
When
I
told
her
the
air
would
be
hard
to
breathe
and
it
would
be
very
cold,
she
said
it
would
be
an
interesting
experience.
当我告诉她那里空气呼吸起来会困难且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。
【名师点拨】句型公式：Sb/Sth＋be＋adj.＋to
do
此句型中，Sb/Sth往往是不定式的动词的逻辑宾语，即被动关系，但不定式要用主动形式，不定式的动词应该为及物动词；如果后面的动词是不及物动词，要加上适当的介词或副词。此句型常可与以下句型互换：
(1)To
do/doing
sth
is
+adj.
(2)It
is
+adj.
+
to
do
sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Those
air
conditioners
are
our
best-selling
products
because
they
are
easy
to
handle
(handle)
and
work
with
little
noise.
②Mr.
Gilman
is
one
of
those
men
who
appear
to
be
friendly;
however,
he
is
hard
to
deal
(deal)
with.
③The
chair
looks
rather
hard,
but
in
fact
it
is
very
comfortable
to
sit
on.
(2)句型转换
This
machine
is
very
easy
to
operate
(操作容易).
Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
Operating/To
operate
this
machine
is
very
easy.
Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
It
is
very
easy
to
operate
this
machine.
Anybody
can
learn
to
use
it
in
a
few
minutes.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】The
volleyball
game
is
scheduled
to
take
place
in
our
school
stadium
on
November
22nd
and
a
number
of
students
can’t
wait
to(迫不及待地)
join
in
the
competition.
【2019江苏卷书面表达】I
prefer
the
school
uniform
to
the
traditional
Chinese
dress
at
the
welcome
ceremony
next
month.
【2016北京卷书面表达】That
weekend,
we
went
to
a
nearby
neighborhood
and
gave
away
(捐赠)
a
lot
of
money
to
the
people
there.
【2018江苏卷】Unlike
fast
food
places,
fine
dining
shops
prefer
customers
to
stay
(stay)
longer
and
spend
more
time.
【2019天津卷书面表达】Several
reasons
may
account
for
my
preference
(prefer)
for
western
painting.
【2018全国Ⅲ卷】Yesterday,
I
sat
with
my
son,
Shepherd,
determined
(determine)
to
test
my
own
theory.
【2017北京卷书面表达】After
a
heated
discussion,
we
made
up
our
minds
(决定，mind)
to
record
our
experiences
at
school.
【2019北京卷】Students
should
have
a
proper
attitude
to/towards
college
before
thinking
about
which
college
to
attend.
【2016浙江卷】That
young
man
is
honest,
cooperative,
always
there
when
you
need
his
help.
In
short,
he’s
reliable
(rely)．
【2017全国卷Ⅱ】
I
learned
that
Freddy
did
several
jobs
after
his
graduation
(graduate)
from
high
school
and
remained
the
same
caring
person
I
met
forty
years
before.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】I
know
an
exhibition
of
Chinese
painting
will
be
held
at
the
gallery
next
month.
I
decided
to
work
as
a
volunteer.
Knowing
that
an
exhibition
of
Chinese
painting
will
be
held
at
the
gallery
next
month,
I
am
determined
to
work
as
a
volunteer.
(分词作状语；升级蓝色字体词汇)
②【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
First
of
all,
remember
that
you
had
better
arrive
punctually
or
some
time
earlier
than
the
appointed
time.
First
of
all,
keep/bear
in
mind
that
you
had
better
arrive
punctually
or
some
time
earlier
than
the
appointed
time..
(升级蓝色字体词汇)
【主题写作】
你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条路线可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
①你建议的路线；
②你的理由；
③你的祝愿。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
得知你自毕业后一直梦想到中国游玩，并已决定到中国来，我很高兴。
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
learn
that
you
have
been
dreaming
of
paying
a
visit
to
China
ever
since
your
graduation
and
that
you’ve
made
up
your
mind
to
come
to
China.
对你的到来，我感到非常兴奋，并迫不及待地给你如下一些建议。
I’m
excited
about
your
coming,
so
I
can’t
wait
to
give
you
some
suggestions
as
follows.
相比泰山之旅，我更喜欢长江之行。
I
prefer
the
tour
along
the
Yangtze
River
to
the
trip
to
Mount
Tai.
通过长江之行，你会更好地了解中国的历史及其人民。(一般将来时)
Through
the
trip
to
the
Yangtze,
you’ll
have
a
better
understanding
of
Chinese
history
and
its
people.
长江沿岸不仅风景非常迷人，而且空气呼吸起来很新鲜。
The
views
along
the
river
are
not
only
very
attractive
but
also
the
air
is
fresh
to
breathe
.
我坚持认为长江之行是更好的选择。
I
insist
that
the
trip
along
the
river
is
a
better
choice.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用分词作状语或者so…that结果状语从句升级第②句
Excited
about
your
coming,
I
can
hardly
wait
to
give
you
some
recommendations
as
follows.
I’m
so
excited
about
your
coming
that
I
can
hardly
wait
to
give
you
some
recommendations
as
follows.
②利用倒装句升级第⑤句
Not
only
are
the
view
along
the
Yangtze
River
very
attractive,
but
also
the
air
is
fresh
to
breath.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Jim,
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
learn
that
you
have
been
dreaming
about
paying
a
visit
to
China
ever
since
your
graduation
and
that
you
have
made
up
your
mind
to
come
to
China.
Excited
about
your
coming,
I
can
hardly
wait
to
give
you
some
recommendations
as
follows.
Personally,
I
prefer
the
tour
along
the
Yangtze
to
the
trip
to
Mountain
Tai.
To
begin
with,
through
the
trip
to
the
Yangtze,
you
will
have
a
better
understanding
of
the
history
of
China
and
its
people.
More
importantly,
not
only
are
the
views
along
the
river
very
attractive,
but
also
the
air
is
fresh
to
breathe.
As
a
consequence,
I
insist
the
trip
along
the
Yangtze
is
a
better
choice.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua必修1
Unit2
English
around
the
world
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
subway
n.
地下人行道；<美>地铁
elevator
n.
电梯；升降机
petrol
n.
<英>汽油(=<美>gasoline)
gas
n.
汽油；气体；煤气；毒气
apartment
n.
<美>
公寓住宅；单元住宅
Danish
n.
丹麦语
adj.丹麦(语)的；丹麦人的
identity
n.
本身；本体；身份
Spanish
adj.
西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的
n.
西班牙人；西班牙语
African
adj.
非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的
eastern
adj.
东方的；东部的
lorry
n.
<英>卡车(=<美>truck)
accent
n.
口音；腔调；重音
lightning
n.
闪电
straight
adv.
直接；挺直
adj.
直的；笔直的；
block
n.
街区；块；木块；石块
cab
n.
出租车
dialect
n.
方言
二星写作词汇
official
adj.
官方的；正式的；公务的officially
adv.官方地,
正式地
office
n.办公室
officer
n.
官员
voyage
n.
航行；航海
native
adj.
本国的；本地的
n.
本地人；本国人
latter
adj.
较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
(反)
former
adj.
(两者中)前者的;以前的
late
adj.
接近末期的
adv.
晚；迟latest
adj.最新的;最近的
later
adv.后来
adj.
后来的
lately
adv.
近来;最近
actually
adv.
实际上；事实上actual
adj.实际的;真实的
gradual
adj.
逐渐的；逐步的gradually
adv.
逐渐地；逐步地
enrich
vt.
使富裕；充实；改善rich
adj.富有的;肥沃的;昂贵的
vocabulary
n.
词汇；词汇量；词表
fluent
adj.
流利的；流畅的fluently
adv.
流利地；流畅地
frequent
adj.
频繁的；常见的
frequently
adv.
常常；频繁地
spelling
n.
拼写；拼法
expression
n.
词语；表示；表达express
vt.表达
usage
n.
使用；用法；词语惯用法use
vt.使用
n.
用途useful
adj.有用的useless
adj.无用的
三星高频词汇
request
n.
&
vt.
请求；要求
command
n.
&
vt.
命令；指令；掌握
recognize
vt.
辨认出；承认；公认
base
vt.
以……为根据
n.
基部；基地；基础
basic
adj.基本的
basis
n.基础
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
后缀?ern构成的方位形容词集锦
2.
en?前缀和?en后缀改变词性
①eastern
东方的；东部的；来自东方的
①rich
enrich
v.
使富裕
②western
西方的；西部的；来自西方的
②able
enable
v.
使能够
③southern
南方的；南部的
③large
enlarge
v.
使扩大
④northern
北方的；北部的
④sure
ensure
v.
确保；担保
⑤northwestern
西北方的；来自西北的
⑤strength
strengthen
v.
加强；巩固
⑥southeastern
东南方的；来自东南的
⑥broad
broaden
v.
扩大；使变宽
【短语巧记】
because
of
因为；由于
come
up
走近；上来；提出
come
up
with
提出
at
present
现在；目前
make
use
of
利用；使用
such
as
例如……；像这种的
play
a
part
/role
in
扮演一个角色；参与
be
based
on
以……为根据
without
a
second
thought
不假思索;毫不犹豫
believe
it
or
not
信不信由你
more
than
不仅仅是；不只是
the
number
of
……的数量
even
if/though
即使
in
general
通常；大体上
be
native
to
原产于…；源于…的
【典句仿写】
1.
more…than…
与其……不如……
【课文原句】
It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础,而不是我们今天所说的英语。
【仿写】As
we
know,
Francis
Bacon
was
more
a
great
writer
than
a
brilliant
scientist.正如我们所知道的那样,弗朗西斯·培根与其说是一位杰出的科学家,不如说(他)是一位伟大的作家。
2.
even
if/though
引导让步状语从句,
意为“即使”
【课文原句】Native
English
speakers
can
understand
each
other
even
if
they
don’t
speak
the
same
kind
of
English.
以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同,也可以相互理解。
【仿写】Even
if
the
epidemic
situation
is
not
so
serious,
we’d
better
not
walk
around
or
get
together.
即使疫情(the
epidemic
situation)没有那么严重了，我们最好也不要四处走动或聚会。
3.
as
we
know
众所周知；正如我们所知道的那样(as引导非限制性定语从句)
【课文原句】As
we
know,
British
English
is
a
little
different
from/than
American
English.
众所周知,英式英语和美式英语有点不同。
【仿写】As
we
know
now,
COVID-19
can
spread
from
person
to
person.
正如我们现在所知道的那样，新冠病毒会人传人。
4.
there
is
no
such+可数名词单数+as…
没有像……的……
【课文原句】Believe
it
or
not,
there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
【仿写】There’s
no
such
thing
as
a
free
lunch
in
the
world,
so
you
must
think
twice
before
accepting
such
an
expensive
gift.世界上没有免费的午餐。所以你在接受这么贵的礼物之前必须三思。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
base
vt.以……为根据
n.
基部;基础;基地
(1)
base…on/upon…
把……建立在……的基础上
be
based
on/upon
以……为基础/依据；改编自
(2)
basic
adj.
基本的;基础的
(3)
basis
n.
准则;方式;基础;基点
on
the
basis
of
(=based
on)…
根据;在……的基础上;基于
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①On
the
basis
(base)
of
these
theories
he
worked
out
his
picture
of
the
state
of
the
future.
②【2015福建】The
research
group
produced
two
reports
based
(base)
on
the
survey,
but
neither
contained
any
useful
suggestions.
③Theory
is
based
on
/upon
practice
and
in
turn
serves
practice.
理论的基础是实践,
反过来又为实践服务
④Based
(base)
on
a
true
love
story,
the
film
we
watched
yesterday
is
highly
thought
of.
⑤【2012江苏】Basing
(base)
an
important
decision
more
on
emotion
than
on
reason,
you
will
regret
it
sooner
or
later.
【活学活用】
(2)句式转换
【2018江苏书面表达】Most
of
the
ratings(排名)
are
based
on
others’
judgment
on
the
product
or
service
concerned,
but
they
are
not
always
suitable
for
each
of
your
choices.
Most
of
the
ratings,
which
are
based
on
others’
judgment
on
the
product
or
service
concerned,
are
not
always
suitable
for
each
of
your
choices.
(用定语从句改写)
Based
on
others’
judgment
on
the
product
or
service
concerned,
most
of
the
ratings
are
not
always
suitable
for
each
of
your
choices.
(用分词作状语改写)
2.
command
n.命令;控制;掌握
vt.命令;指挥;把握;掌管
(1)
at
one’s
command
听某人支配
have
a
(good)
command
of
掌握；精通(尤指语言)
(2)
command
sb
to
do
sth.
命令某人做某事
command
that...
(should)
do...
命令……做……
【名师点拨】
动词command后的宾语从句以及名词command后的表语从句、同位语从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可省略。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①I’m
at
your
command—what
would
you
like
me
to
do?
②The
police
commanded
the
witness
to
describe
(describe)
what
had
happened
that
day
.
The
police
commanded
that
the
witness
(should)
describe
(describe)
what
had
happened
that
day.
③After
circling
around
the
earth
for
three
days,
Shenzhou
spaceship
received
the
command
from
the
ground
that
it
(should)
land
(land)
as
scheduled
the
next
day.
④It
is
very
important
for
learners
of
English
to
have
a
good
command
of
English
and
American
idioms.
对于英语学习者来说,掌握好英国习语和美国习语是非常重要的。
3.
request
n.
&
vt.请求;要求
(1)
at
one’s
request
(=at
the
request
of
sb)
按照某人的要求
make
a
request
for…
要求……
(2)
request
sb
to
do
sth
要求某人做某事
request
that
sb
(should)
do
sth
要求某人做某事
It
is
requested
that
sb
(should)
do…
请求/要求某人做……
【名师点拨】
动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，should可省略。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①Because
of
the
spread
of
the
serious
illness,
they
have
made
an
urgent
request
for
international
aid.
②【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】After
the
film,
each
class
is
supposed
to
have
a
discussion
and
all
the
students
are
requested
to
make(make)
comments
and
express
their
views
about
the
film.
③His
request
that
the
case
(should)
be
looked
(look)
into
again
was
rudely
refused
by
the
police.
④At
the
request
of
the
mayor,
the
writer
made
a
speech
on
the
square
after
his
book
signing.
4.
recognize
vt.
辨认出;
承认;公认
(1)
recognize
one’s
voice/handwriting/sb
辨认出某人的声音/笔迹/某人
recognize
sb/sth
as/to
be…
承认某人/物是……
be
recognized
as/to
be…
被大家承认/被普遍接受是……
It
is
(generally)
recognized
that…
人们公认……
(2)
recognition
n.认出;承认;认可
(阅读词汇)
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Being
recognized(recognize)
wherever
you
go
is
the
price
you
pay
for
being
famous.
②Alexander
tried
to
get
his
work
recognized
(recognize)
in
the
medical
circles.
③Environmental
pollution
is
recognized
(recognize)
to
have
become
one
of
the
most
serious
problems
that
people
face.
【活学活用】
(2)一句多译
那本书被公认为是21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。(recognize)
①The
book
is
recognized
as/to
be
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
of
the
21st
century.
②It
is
(generally)
recognized
that
the
book
is
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
of
the
21st
century.
【常考短语】
1.
because
of
因为
【“因为”大家族】+名词
thanks
to
多亏;由于
owing
to
由于
due
to
由于
on
account
of
因为
as
a
result
of…
作为……的结果
as
a
consequence
of…
作为……的结果
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
manager
had
to
retire
from
his
work
on
account
of
poor
health.
②Owing
(owe)
to
engine
trouble,
the
plane
had
to
make
a
forced
landing.
③Thanks
to
your
help,
we
accomplished
the
task
ahead
of
schedule.
④The
swimming
pool
won’t
be
open
today
because
workers
are
making
repairs.
【活学活用】
(2)一句多译
由于昨天下大雨,到处都出现了交通阻塞。
There
are
traffic
jams
everywhere
because
it
rained
heavily
yesterday.
There
are
traffic
jams
everywhere
because
of
the
heavy
rain
yesterday.
There
are
traffic
jams
everywhere
owing/due
to
the
heavy
rain
yesterday.
There
are
traffic
jams
everywhere
on
account
of
the
heavy
rain
yesterday.
There
are
traffic
jams
everywhere
as
a
result/consequence
of
the
heavy
rain
yesterday.
2.
come
up
vi.
走近;上来;升起;被提出;(植物)长出地面;发芽
come
up
with
vt.
提出,想出(计划、想法等)
put
forward
vt.
提出
come
about
发生
come
across
偶遇;遇到
come
to
总计;苏醒,达到(某状况)
when
it
comes
to
当谈到…的时候
come
out
出来;(书、唱片等)出版,发行;开花;结果
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出句中come
up的含义
Much
to
my
surprise,
a
number
of
people
came
up
to
ask
me
questions
and
bought
my
books.走近；走到跟前
The
sky
was
dark
blue
and
clear
when
the
moon
came
up.
升起
I’d
love
to
attend
your
party,
but
something
unexpected
has
come
up.发生
A
good
suggestion
to
solve
the
problem
came
up
at
the
meeting.被提出
(2)一句多译
这个项目在昨天的会议上被提了出来，引起了许多人的注意。
①The
project
came
up
at
the
meeting
yesterday,
attracting
many
people’s
attention.
②The
project
was
put
forward
at
the
meeting
yesterday,
attracting
many
people’s
attention.
3.
make
use
of
利用
【“利用”大家族】
(1)
make
full/good
use
of
充分利用
make
the
best/most
of
充分利用
take
(full)
advantage
of
(充分)利用
(2)
be
of
great
use
很有用
It’s
no
use
doing
sth.
做某事是没有用的
【活学活用】
单句填空
①The
scientists
are
considering
what
use
can
be
made
of
such
a
material
in
the
future.
②Now
most
of
the
students
are
trying
to
make
the
best
use
of
every
minute
to
prepare
(prepare)
for
the
coming
exam.
③to
make
(make)
as
much
use
of
the
land
as
possible,
two
or
more
crops
are
planted
each
year
where
possible.
④Scientists
are
developing
new
ways
to
make
full/good
use
of/to
make
the
best/most
of/to
take
full
advantage
of
(充分利用)
the
solar
energy
more
effectively.
⑤It’s
no
use
trying
(try)
to
persuade
him
to
have
a
holiday
because
he
is
facing
a
challenge.
4.
play
a
part
(in)
(在……中)起作用;(在……中)担任角色;参与
play
an
important
role/part
in…
在……中起重要作用
play
a
leading
role
(in)
(在……中)起主要/带头作用
play
the
role/part
of
(=play/act
as)
(在剧中)扮演某人
【活学活用】
单句填空
①【2015全国II卷】Experts
say
the
way
you
design
your
home
could
play
a
part
in
whether
you
pack
on
the
pounds
or
keep
them
off.
②When
Willis
was
in
high
school,
he
played
the
part
of
a
radio
announcer
in
a
school
play.
③E-mail
as
well
as
mobile
phones
is
playing
(play)
a
more
and
more
important
part
in
our
daily
life.
④The
books
you
read
as
a
child
can
play
an
important
part
in
the
job
you
will
have
later
in
life.
【必备句型】
1.
It
was
based
more
on
German
than
the
English
we
speak
at
present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。
【名师点拨】句型公式：
more...than...
是……而不是……；与其说……倒不如说……
(1)
more
than＋数词或从句
超过;多于
more
than
one
+单数
不止一个(作主语时，谓语要用单数)
more
than＋形容词
十分;非常
very
more
than＋名词
不只是；不仅是
(2)
no
more
than
只不过；仅仅
not
more
than
不超过；至多
【活学活用】
完成句子
①She
was
more
annoyed
(annoy)
than
worried
when
they
didn’t
come
on
time.
?
②More
than
one
soldier
has
been
killed
(kill)
in
the
war
since
the
war
began.
?
③Hearing
the
very
loud
noise,
the
boy
was
more
shocked
than
frightened(与其说是害怕不如说是震惊).
④As
far
as
I
know,
she
was
more
sad
than
angry
(与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心)
when
her
son
lied.
2.
Believe
it
or
not,
there
is
no
such
thing
as
standard
English.
信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
【名师点拨】
no
such＋单数名词，意为“没有这样的……”,
单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not
such
a(n)＋单数名词”。such与all,
no,
some,
any,
few,
little,
many,
much,
several,
one等词连用时,应置于这些词的后面,其后的名词前无冠词。如:
no
such
man;
several
such
rooms
(1)such＋an/a
+
adj.
+单数可数名词
+that
引导结果状语从句，“如此…以致于…”
(2)such
+
adj.
+不可数名词/可数名词复数+
that
引导结果状语从句，“如此…以致于…”
(3)such...as...像……这样的……，as引导定语从句。
【活学活用】
单句填空——
that/as对比填空
There
is
no
such
thing
as
failure.
Failure
is
just
life
trying
to
move
us
in
another
direction.
It’s
such
a
difficult
problem
as
we
can’t
work
out.
It’s
such
a
difficult
problem
that
we
can’t
work
it
out.
There
is
no
such
wise
person
as
you
said
in
the
world.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2019江苏卷】China’s
image
is
improving
steadily,
with
more
countries
recognizing
(recognize)
its
role
in
international
affairs.
②【2018天津卷】She
had
requested
the
community
to
turn
(turn)
it
into
a
museum
upon
her
death.
③【2018全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】We
students
as
well
as
our
teachers
make
good
use
of
(充分利用)
the
gymnasium
to
do
sports
after
class
every
day.
④【2017全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】
Paper?cutting
is
a
traditional
art
form
in
China
with
a
history
of
more
than
1,500
years
(1,500多年的历史)．
⑤【2019全国卷Ⅲ】
When
a
student
attacks
a
professor
on
the
social
media,
the
language
used
actually
(actual)
says
more
about
the
student.
⑥【2018浙江卷书面表达】我将充分利用这次机会练习我的口语技能，以获得更多的经验。
I
will
make
the
most/best
of
the
opportunity
to
practise
my
speaking
skills
and
get
more
experience.
⑦【2015全国I卷】James
Brindley
is
recognized
as
one
of
the
leading
early
canal
engineers.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
I
do
believe
I
am
very
qualified
for
this
voluntary
work,
because
I
am
good
at
English
and
Chinese.
I
do
believe
I
am
very
qualified
for
this
voluntary
work,
because
I
have
a
good
command
of
English
and
Chinese.
(用高级词汇升级蓝色字体部分)
②【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
I’m
very
glad
to
tell
you
something
about
how
to
be
a
guest
in
China.
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
share
with
you
some
relevant
details
about
how
to
be
a
guest
in
China.
(用高级词汇升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假设你是新华中学的学生李华，不久前在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。校报请你写一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上，介绍你学习英语的经验。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文：
①背单词很重要；
②参加英语角的益处；
③坚持每天听英语和练口语。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①大家好，我是李华，刚刚在我们学校举办英语竞赛中获得一等奖。(分词作定语)
Hi,
everyone!
I’m
Li
Hua.
I
have
just
won
the
first
prize
in
the
English
competition
(which
was)
held
in
our
school.
②现在我很高兴能和大家分享一下我个人学习英语的一点经验。
(more
than)
Now
I
am
more
than
delighted
to
share
with
you
some
of
my
personal
experience
on
English
study.
③你们应该多记单词和短语来扩大你的词汇量，这对英语学习很重要。
You
should
remember
more
words
and
expressions
to
enrich
your
vocabulary,
which
is
very
important
to
English
learning.
④不妨去参加英语角，在那里你可以和别人交流英语学习的经验，这可以拓宽你的视野并提高你对英语的兴趣。
Why
not
take
part
in
the
English
Corner
where
you
can
exchange
your
English
study
experience
with
others,
which
broadens
your
horizons
and
cultivate
your
interest
in
English.
⑤坚持每天听英语，尽可能多地练习说英语也很重要。
It
is
also
important
that
you
should
listen
to
English
every
day
and
practise
speaking
it
as
often
as
possible
.
⑥希望我的建议能对你们所有人都有些用。
Hopefully,
these
tips
would
be
of
some
use
to
all
of
you.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用定语从句合并两个简单句升级第①句
Hi,
everyone.
I’m
Li
Hua,
who
has
just
won
the
first
prize
in
the
English
competition
held
in
our
school.
②用have
sth
done替换do
sth和用of
+n.替换adj.升级第③句
You
should
memorize
more
words
and
expressions
to
have
your
vocabulary
enriched,
which
is
of
vital
importance
to
English
learning.
③利用what引导的主语从句和whenever省略句升级第④句。
What
is
equally
important
is
that
you
should
listen
to
English
every
day
and
practise
speaking
it
whenever
possible.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Hi,
everyone.
I’m
Li
Hua,
who
has
just
won
the
first
prize
in
the
English
competition
held
in
our
school.
Now
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
share
with
you
some
of
my
personal
experience
on
English
study.
To
begin
with,
you
should
memorize
more
words
and
expressions
to
have
your
vocabulary
enriched,
which
is
of
vital
importance
to
English
learning.
Additionally,
why
not
take
part
in
the
English
Corner
where
you
can
exchange
your
English
study
experience
with
others,
which
broadens
your
horizons
and
cultivate
your
interest
in
English.
What’s
equally
important
is
that
you
should
listen
to
English
every
day
and
practice
speaking
it
whenever
possible.
Hopefully,
these
suggestions
would
be
of
some
use
to
all
of
you.必修1
Unit1
Friendship
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
survey
n.
调查；测验
loose
adj.
松的；松开的
German
adj.
德国(人)的；德语的n.
德国人；德语
Germany
n.
德国
dusk
n.
黄昏；傍晚
thunder
vi.
打雷；雷鸣n.
雷；雷声
curtain
n.
窗帘；门帘；幕布
partner
n.
伙伴；合作者；合伙人
loneliness
n.
孤单；寂寞
highway
n.
公路；大路
suitcase
n.
手提箱；衣箱
overcoat
n.
大衣；外套
gossip
vi.
&
n.
闲话；闲谈
tip
n.
提示；技巧；尖端；小费vt.
倾斜；翻倒
swap
vt.
交换
item
n.
项目；条款
secondly
adv.
第二；其次
dusty
adj.
积满灰尘的
dust
n.灰尘
series
n.
连续；系列
pack
vi.
&
vt.
捆扎；包装；n.
小包；包裹
二星写作词汇
outdoors
adv.
在户外；在野外
反义词：
indoors
adv.
在室内
entire
adj.
整个的；完全的；全部的
entirely
adv.
完全地；全然地；整个地
power
n.
能力；力量；权力
powerful
adj.强有力的
teenager
n.
十几岁的青少年
exactly
adv.
确实如此；正是；确切地
exact
adj.
精确的；准确的
disagree
vi.
不同意
disagreement
n.不赞成
agree
vi.同意
agreement
n.赞成
grateful
adj.
感激的；表示谢意的
dislike
n.
&
vt.
不喜欢；厌恶
like
n.
&
vt.
喜欢；喜爱
三星高频词汇
upset
adj.
心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.
(upset,
upset)
使不安；使心烦
ignore
vt.
不理睬；忽视
ignorance
n.无知,愚昧
calm
vt.
&
vi.
(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.
平静的；镇静的；沉着的
concern
vt.
(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n.
担心；关注
；(利害)关系
concerned
adj.担忧的
settle
vi.
安家；定居；停留vt.
使定居；安排；解决
settlement
n.
定居；解决
suffer
vt.
&
vi.
遭受；忍受；经历
suffering
n.痛苦;苦难
recover
vi.
&
vt.
痊愈；恢复；重新获得
recovery
n.恢复;治愈
【构词法巧记单词】
1.
“n.＋
?y”
构成的形容词
①dirt
dirty
脏的
②smell
smelly
臭的
③rain
rainy
多雨的
④snow
snowy
被雪覆盖的
⑤cloud
cloudy
阴天的；多云的
⑥wind
windy
有风的
⑦health
healthy
健康的
2.
dis?
否定前缀高频词集锦
①disagree
vi.
不同意
②dislike
vt.
不喜欢
③disappear
vi.
消失
④disappoint
vt.
使失望
⑤discourage
vt.
使气馁
⑥discover
vt.
发现
⑦disobey
vt.
违反；不遵守
【短语巧记】
3
add
up
合计
calm
(…)
down
(使)平静下来；(使)镇定
have
got
to
不得不；必须
be
concerned
about
关心；挂念
walk
the
dog
遛狗
go
through
经历；经受
set
down
记下；放下；登记
a
series
of
一连串的；一系列；一套
in
order
to
为了……
on
purpose
故意
at
dusk
在黄昏时刻
face
to
face
面对面地
no
longer/not…any
longer
不再……
suffer
from
遭受；患病
get/be
tired
of
对……厌烦
pack
(sth)
up
将(东西)装箱打包
get
along
with
与……相处；进展
fall
in
love
(with)
相爱；爱上
【典句仿写】
1.
There
was
a
time
when…
曾经……；一度……
【课文原句】There
was
a
time
when
(曾经……;一度……)
a
deep
blue
sky,
the
song
of
the
birds,
moonlight
and
flowers
could
never
have
kept
me
spellbound.
曾经有一段时间,湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我痴迷。
【仿写】There
was
a
time
when
I
hated
to
go
to
school.
However,
you
can’t
imagine
how
I
wish
to
return
to
school
now.
曾经有段时间我讨厌上学，而现在你无法想像我有多么地希望能返回学校。
2.
It/This/That
is/was
the
first
time
that…这/那是(某人)第一次…(从句用完成时)
【课文原句】It
was
the
first
time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I’d
seen
the
night
face
to
face…这是我一年半以来第一次面对面目睹夜晚……
【仿写】It
is
the
first
time
that
I
have
stayed
at
home
for
so
long.
Good
heaven!
It
was
so
terrible
that
I
once
wished
to
study
at
home
instead
of
at
school
one
day.
这是我第一次在家呆那么久。天啊，我竟然曾想过将来有一天可以在家里学习而不用上学，这真是太可怕了。
3.
It’s
no
pleasure
doing
sth
做某事没乐趣。
【课文原句】It’s
no
pleasure
looking
through
these
any
longer
because
nature
is
one
thing
that
really
must
be
experienced.
观看这些已经不再是乐趣,因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。
【仿写】It’s
no
pleasure
staring
at
the
screen
of
the
cellphone
or
computer
all
day
long.
I’ve
been
so
eager
to
play
basketball
with
my
classmates
on
the
school
playground
these
days.
整天对着手机或者电脑屏幕真无趣。这些天我一直渴望和同学们在学校操场上打球。
4.
find
+
it+形容词+to
do
sth
发现做某事是……的
【课文原句】Although
I
try
to
talk
to
my
classmates,
I
still
find
it
hard
to
make
good
friends
with
them.
虽然我尽力去跟我的同学交谈,但是我还是发现很难和他们成为好朋友。
【仿写】If
you
tell
a
lie,
you
will
find
it
hard
not
to
tell
more.
So
never
give
it
a
try
in
the
beginning.
如果你撒了一个谎，你就会发现很难不去撒更多的谎。所以一开始就决不要尝试去撒谎。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
upset
adj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的；使不安;使心烦;打翻
(1)
be
upset
about/over/at
sth
为某事烦心
be
upset
to
do
sth
对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)
(sth)
upset
sb
(某事)使某人心烦意乱
(sb)
upset
sth
(某人)打/弄翻某物
upset
oneself
about
sth
某人为某事烦恼
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Our
plan
was
upset
(upset)
by
the
sudden
change
in
the
weather,
so
we
had
to
try
another
way.
②He
rushed
into
the
room,
upsetting
(upset)
the
flower
vase
on
the
table.
(2)句式转换
It
upset
us
most
that
our
flight
was
delayed
because
of
the
fierce
storm.
What
upset
us
most
is
that
our
flight
was
delayed
because
of
the
fierce
storm.
(用what引导的主语从句改写)
Our
flight
was
delayed
because
of
the
fierce
storm,
which
upset
us
most.
(用which改写)
2.
concern
vt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到
n.关心;关爱;令人担忧的事实(或情况)
(1)
concern
oneself
about/with
sth
对……感兴趣
(2)
be
concerned
about
关心;
挂念
be
concerned
with
与……有关；涉及
as
far
as…be
concerned
就……来说/而论
(3)
have/express
concern
for/about…对……表示关心/担心
a
concern
关心或担忧的事物
(4)
concerning
prep.
关于
【活学活用】
单句填空
①He
is
concerned
about
how
much
profit
he
can
gain
from
this
project.
②Concerned
(concern)
about
his
sick
wife,
he
hurried
home
immediately
after
the
meeting.
③The
sales
manager
asked
his
men
to
inform
him
of
everything
concerning
(concern)
the
sales
in
time.
④The
food
safety
is
affecting
the
quality
of
human
life,
which
has
become
a
big
concern
(一个巨大的担忧)
in
China
and
around
the
world.
3.
suffer
vt.
受苦,受难
vi.
遭受;忍受;经历
(1)
suffering
n.
【U】痛苦;【C】苦恼(常用复数形式)
(2)
suffer用作及物动词时,表示“遭受;蒙受”,其后常跟pain/loss/punishment/
hardship
/defeat/hunger/poverty等名词作宾语。
(3)
suffer
from,意为“受……折磨/之苦；患……病”,其后的名词多表示非常具体的不幸或痛苦,如:
suffer
from
a
bad
cold/headaches
/trouble/overwork/floods/
droughts
/a
natural
disaster等。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①Though
suffering
from
serious
natural
disasters,
we
are
sure
to
overcome
all
difficulties.
②Alice
is
suffering
(suffer)
from
a
bad
cold,
and
I’m
afraid
that
we
can’t
call
on
her
now.
③As
soon
as
she
opened
the
door,
Rose
dashed
into
the
boys’
room
where
Ann
found
Jack
suffering
(suffer)
from
a
heart
attack.
(2)句式转换
He
had
never
suffered
such
a
great
loss
before,
so
he
almost
lost
the
hope
for
life.
Never
having
suffered
such
a
great
loss
before,
he
almost
lost
the
hope
for
life.
(用分词作状语改写)
4.
settle
vi.安家；定居；停留
vt.使定居；安排；解决
(1)
settle
in
vi.
适应下来；vt.
适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settle
into
…
vt.
适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settle
down
定居；平静下来；专心于
settle
a
problem
解决问题
solve
a
problem
remain
to
be
settled
有待解决
(2)
settlement
n.
解决；协议
【活学活用】
单句填空
①
Settled
(settle)
in
a
friendly
way,
their
quarrel
came
to
an
end.
②
At
first,
the
government
had
great
difficulty
persuading
people
to
leave
Rio
and
settle
in/into
Brasilia.
③
Union
leaders
and
company
bosses
will
meet
tomorrow
in
an
attempt
to
reach
a
settlement
(settle)．
④
A
lot
of
work
remained
to
be
settled
(settle)
and
the
newly-elected
president
had
a
hard
time.
5.
recover
vi.
&
vt.
(to
return
to
a
normal
state
or
to
win
back
a
position)
痊愈;恢复;重新获得；找回
(1)
recover
losses
弥补损失
recover
from…
从……中恢复过来
(2)
recovery
n.
恢复;复苏;痊愈;复得
make
a
recovery
(from)
=
recover
(from)
(从……中)恢复过来
(1)单句填空
①The
owner
has
offered
a
reward
for
the
recovery
(recover)
of
the
stolen
goods.
②Recovering
(recover)
from
failure
is
often
easier
than
building
from
success.
(2)一词多义
①In
the
good
care
of
nurses,
the
boy
is
gradually
recovering
from
his
heart
operation.
恢复；痊愈
②Hearing
the
police
had
recovered
the
stolen
jewellery,
the
shopkeeper
breathed
a
sigh
of
relief.
找回
【常考短语】
1.
add
up
合计；加起来
(1)
add
to
增加；增添
add
up
to
总共是；总计为
add
A
to
B
把A加到/进B里；向B里添加A
(2)
add
vt.增加；添加；补充说
addition
n.
加；增加
in
addition
此外；而且
additionally
in
addition
to
除……之外(还)；加之
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①In
addition
to
giving
a
general
introduction
to
computers,
the
course
also
provides
practical
experience.
②The
trip,
I
believe,
will
add
greatly
to
our
knowledge
and
understanding
of
our
country.
③The
teacher
asked
me
if
I
was
ready,
adding
(add)
that
everybody
was
waiting
for
me
at
the
school
gate.
(2)用add
up/add
to/add
up
to/add
…
to…的适当形式填空
①Strong
winds
added
to
(增加)his
difficulties,
but
he
was
able
to
swim
across
the
channel.
②They
added
up
(把……加起来)
all
the
advantages
and
disadvantages
and
tried
to
come
to
a
decision.
③The
money
she
spends
on
clothes
a
month
adds
up
to
(总计为)
$1,000.
④What
she
said
just
added
fuel
to
the
fire.
她说的话只是火上浇油。
2.
go
through
(to
suffer)
经受；经历；完成；通过,达成；仔细检查；详细研究,翻阅,浏览
get
through
顺利通过(考试等)；用完；度过,熬过；接通电话
break
through
冲破；突破
look
through
浏览；
看穿；翻阅
【活学活用】
用“动词+through”短语的适当形式填空
①They
would
never
forget
the
experience
they
went
through
last
year.
②Although
he
has
gone
through
ups
and
downs,
I
believe
he
will
succeed
one.
③Look/Go
through
newspapers
every
day
and
you
can
keep
up
with
the
rapidly
developing
situation.
④We
hope
to
break
through
soon
in
the
fight
against
COVID-19.
⑤When
she
finally
got
through,
the
manager
was
there.
3.
set
down
(to
write
down
or
to
record)
记下;登记;放下;
制定
(规则、原则等)
set
up
设立;建立;成立
set
out
(to
do
sth)
动身；出发；开始/着手(做某事)
set
about
(doing)
sth
着手做某事
set
aside
留出;拨出(时间、金钱等);不顾;把……置于一边
set
off
出发;动身;引起;使爆炸
【活学活用】
用set相关短语的适当形式填空
①He
was
asked
to
set
down
the
facts
just
as
he
remembered
them.
②With
high-speed
trains,
people
will
set
up
factories
and
business
centres
in
the
west
once
and
for
all.
③From
a
long-term
point
of
view,
it
is
time
for
us
to
set
about
solving
this
problem.
④While
he
was
travelling,
he
set
down
his
impression
of
China
in
his
diaries.
⑤Set
aside
some
money
in
case
of
rain.
未雨绸缪。
⑥His
wonderful
performance
set
off
the
deafening
applauses
of
the
audience.
4.
get
along
(with)
与……相处；进展get
on
(with)
get
along/on
well
with
与某人相处得好；某事进展得好
get
down
to
(doing)
sth
开始做；着手做
get
over
克服;解决
get
rid
of
消灭;摆脱
get
through
顺利通过(考试等)；用完；度过,熬过；接通电话
用get相关短语的适当形式填空
①You
have
to
be
happy
with
yourself
before
you
can
expect
to
get
along/on
with
others.
②I
used
to
quarrel
a
lot
with
my
parents,
but
now
we
get
along/on
well
(相处得好).
③Believe
in
yourself.
You
will
get
over
the
difficulty.
④I
don’t
know
how
they
got
through
these
cold
winters.
⑤It
is
always
difficult
to
get
rid
of
a
bad
habit.
恶习难改。
【必备句型】
1.
While
walking
the
dog,
you
were
careless
and
it
got
loose
and
was
hit
by
a
car.
在遛狗时,你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子,结果狗被汽车撞了。
【名师点拨】句型公式：状语从句省略
while
walking
the
dog相当于while
you
were
walking
the
dog。当when,
while,
unless,
if
,
once,
although,
though,
as
if/though,
even
if/though等引导状语从句时,若从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,构成“连词+v.-ing
/v.-ed
/adj./n.…/prep短语”式的省略结构。
【活学活用】
单句填空
When
taken
(take)
according
to
the
instructions,
the
drug
has
the
least
side
effects.
They
were
surprised
by
her
openness
when
talking
(talk)
about
her
private
life.
He
is
a
man
of
few
words.
He
never
speaks
unless
spoken
(speak)
to.
Though
beaten
(beat)
by
their
competitors,
the
players
didn’t
lose
heart.
Once
begun
(begin),
the
plan
can’t
be
stopped.
2.
She
and
her
family
hid
away
for
nearly
twenty-five
months
before
they
were
discovered.她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。
【名师点拨】句型公式：before引导的时间状语从句
before
conj.用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。
(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“不等……就……”；“然后……”。
(2)在“It＋be＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……之后才……”。
(3)在“It＋be＋否定形式＋时间段＋before从句”中，意为“……不久就……”。
【活学活用】
填入适当的单词并翻译句子。
【2019北京卷】Students
should
have
a
proper
attitude
towards
college
before
thinking
about
which
college
to
attend.
Someone
called
me
up
in
the
middle
of
the
night,
but
he
hung
up
before
I
could
answer
the
phone.
As
is
reported,
it
is
more
than
100
years
since
Qinghua
University
was
founded.
John
thinks
it
won’t
be
long
before
he
is
ready
for
his
new
job.
How
time
flies!
Two
weeks
has
gone
by
before
we
know
it.
3.
I
wonder
if
it’s
because
I
haven’t
been
able
to
be
outdoors
for
so
long
that
I’ve
grown
so
crazy
about
everything
to
do
with
nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
【名师点拨】句型公式：强调句型
(1)强调句的陈述句：It
is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分.
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was
it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分?
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词+is/was
it+
that+句子其他成分?
(4)“not…until…”句型的强调句：It
is/was
not
until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分.
【名师点拨】强调句型用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分,不能强调谓语和定语。被强调部分是人时,可以用who或that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时,that后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
It
was
almost
one
hundred
years
before
Christopher
Columbus
crossed
the
Atlantic
that
Zheng
He
had
sailed
to
East
Africa.
Sometimes
it’s
your
efforts
not
your
intelligence
that
determine
(determine)
your
success.
(2)
将下列句子转换成强调句型
He
was
saved
on
a
lonely
island
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down.
It
was
on
a
lonely
island
that
he
was
saved
one
month
after
the
boat
went
down.
His
musical
gift
was
not
fully
recognized
until
the
early
19th
century.
It
was
not
until
the
early
19th
century
that
his
musical
gift
was
fully
recognized
When
I
got
back
to
my
apartment,
I
came
across
my
new
neighbours.
It
was
when
I
got
back
to
my
apartment
that
I
came
across
my
new
neighbours.
4.
…it
was
the
first
time
in
a
year
and
a
half
that
I’d
seen
the
night
face
to
face……
…这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
【名师点拨】句型公式：It
is/was
the
first
(second…)
time
that
sb
has/have/had
done这是某人第几次做某事。
如果前面用is,则that从句用现在完成时；如果前面用was,则that从句用过去完成时。
(1)It
is
(high/about)
time
that…是该做某事的时候了。(从句用一般过去时或
“should+动词原形”
,
should不可省略)
(2)It
is
time
(for
sb)
to
do
sth.
是(某人)该做某事的时候了。
(3)There
was
a
time
when…一度/曾经……
【活学活用】
单句填空
①It
seems
like
high
time
that
we
looked/should
look
(look)
seriously
at
the
problem
and
the
pressure
it
brings
us.
②It
is
the
second
time
that
you
have
failed
(fail)
in
the
experiment.
It
is
time
that
you
reflected
upon
your
mistakes.
③There
was
a
time
when
New
York
City
buildings
were
almost
all
the
same
height.
④I
guess
it
is
time
to
rush
(rush)
out
to
Nanjing
Road
to
sweep
the
stores
for
the
last-minute
discount.
⑤It
was
my
first
time
that
I
had
made
(make)
my
trip
in
the
high-speed
rail,
so
I
was
very
excited.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2019全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】I
would
be
grateful
(感激的)
if
you
could
offer
me
the
opportunity
to
be
a
volunteer.
②【2019北京卷书面表达】When
I
got
home,
I
packed
up
(打包行李)
my
luggage
for
the
trip.
③【2019全国卷Ⅰ】
All
across
the
country,
recovery
(recover)
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
④【2018全国卷Ⅲ】If
you
like
dancing
outdoors
(在户外),
come
to
America.
⑤【2018浙江卷6月】I
suggest
that
the
next
time
you
go
to
your
mum’s
home
for
dinner,
get
a
few
cooking
tips
(tip)
from
her.
⑥【2018北京卷书面表达】In
order
to
(为了)
overcome
culture
barriers,
you
can
watch
to
some
Chinese
movies
or
listen
to
some
Chinese
radio
programs.
⑦【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】I’m
writing
to
express
my
opinion
concerning
(concern)
Chinese
customs,
which
is
useful
for
you
to
pay
a
visit
to
a
Chinese
friend.
⑧【2018全国卷Ⅲ】
People
settle
in
these
places
because
they
are
easy
to
get
to
and
naturally
suited
to
communications
and
trade.
⑨【2017天津卷】Mr.
and
Mrs.
Brown
would
like
to
see
their
daughter
settle
down
(安顿下来),
get
married,
and
have
kids.
⑩【2019全国卷Ⅰ】
In
these
places
patients
can
get
close
to
nature
during
their
recovery
(recover)．
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019浙江卷书面表达】
I
have
made
great
progress
in
English
with
your
help.
It
is
with
your
help
that
I
have
made
great
progress
in
English
(用强调句型升级)
②【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】I’m
invited
to
attend
the
dinner
party
for
the
first
time.
This
is
the
first
time
that
I
have
been
invited
to
attend
the
dinner
party
in
China.
③【2019浙江卷书面表达】You
will
return
to
your
country
soon
and
that
makes
me
sad.
You
will
return
to
your
country
soon,
which
makes
me
upset.
(定语从句)
What
makes
me
upset
is
that
you
will
return
to
your
country
soon.
(what从句)
④【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】
In
my
opinion,
it
is
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
rest
and
it
will
provide
enough
energy
for
you.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
it
is
necessary
for
you
to
have
a
good
rest,
which
will
provide
enough
energy
for
you.
⑤【2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】
If
I
am
accepted,
I
can
introduce
Chinese
painting
skills
to
visitors.
It
can
help
them
know
more
about
Chinese
culture.
If
accepted,
I
can
introduce
Chinese
painting
skills
to
visitors,
which
can
help
them
know
more
about
Chinese
culture.
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom来信向你诉说他在新学校因不知如何交朋友，因而时常感到孤独。请你给他回信，内容包括：①表示同情；②提出具体的建议。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①抱歉听说你在新学校很孤独。我认为你有必要和你的同学处好关系，这对你的日常生活很重要。
Sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
lonely
in
your
new
school.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
it
is
necessary
to
get
along
well
with
your
classmates,
and
it
is
very
important
in
your
daily
life.
②在校园里见到老师和同学时要问好。当你先表现出友好的时候，你会更容易交到新朋友。(状语从句省略)
You
should
greet
your
teachers
and
classmates
when
meeting
them
on
campus.
You
will
make
new
friends
more
easily
when
you
show
your
friendliness
first.
③其次，你最好在你的朋友有难时升出援助之手。正所谓“患难见真情”。
In
addition,
You’d
better
give
your
friends
a
helping
hand
if
they
are
in
trouble.
As
the
old
saying
goes,
“A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed”.
④积极能加班级活动，让别人了解你。
Take
an
active
part
in
class
activities
so
that
others
can
learn
about
you.
⑤希望我的建议能对你有所帮助，并且你能快交上新朋友。
Hopefully,
my
tips
will
be
of
some
help
to
you
and
you
will
make
new
friends
as
soon
as
possible.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用非限制性定语从句和find+宾语+宾补升级第①句
Sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
lonely
in
your
new
school.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
it
is
necessary
to
get
along
well
with
your
classmates,
which
you’ll
find
of
great
importance
in
your
daily
life.
②利用it作形式主语升级第④句。
It
would
be
a
good
idea
to
take
an
active
part
in
class
activities
so
that
others
can
learn
about
you.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Tom,
Sorry
to
hear
that
you
are
lonely
in
your
new
school.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
it
is
necessary
to
get
along
well
with
your
classmates,
which
you’ll
find
of
great
importance
in
your
daily
life.
Here
are
my
suggestions
on
how
to
make
friends.
First
and
foremost,
you
should
greet
your
teachers
and
classmates
when
meeting
them
on
campus.
It
is
always
easier
to
make
new
friends
when
you
show
your
friendliness
first.
In
addition,
You’d
better
give
your
friends
a
helping
hand
if
they
are
in
trouble.
As
the
old
saying
goes,
“A
friend
in
need
is
a
friend
indeed”.
Last
but
not
least,
it
would
be
a
good
idea
to
take
an
active
part
in
class
activities
so
that
others
can
learn
about
you.
Hopefully,
my
tips
would
be
helpful
to
you
and
you
will
begin
to
make
new
friends
as
soon
as
possible.
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
