Unit 3 Travel journal-Learning about language

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人教课标版
高一 必修 1
Unit 3
Learning about language
Grammar
Revision
现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
b. 表示现阶段暂时的情况，说话时动作未必正在进行。
What are you doing recently
Mr. Green is writing another novel.　
他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写, 只处于写作的状态。)
c. 表示发展中的或正在改变的情况，如：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It’s getting warmer and warmer.
天越来越热了。
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩（赞成、讨厌、生气等情绪）。
You are always changing your mind.
你老是改变主意。
现在进行时除了表示正在进行等目前的或暂时的情况外，还可以表示将来时态。
用现在进行时表示将来
当句子涉及确切的计划、明确的意图和为将来安排好的活动时, 现在进行时可用于表示将来。
1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等词的现在进行时经常用于表示将来确切的计划。
2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，例如 fly, walk, ride, drive, take (a bus, a taxi)等的现在进行时也经常用于表示将来。
注意: 英语中一些表 “状态和感官”的动词通常不用于进行时：
用法和单词 例句
表存在或位置: be, lie, stand Japan lies to the east of China.
表所属: have, own, possess, belong to, fit, suit Taiwan belongs to China.
Who owns this land
表知觉: see, hear, smell, taste, sound, look, feel, seem, appear I smell the dinner cooking.
He seems quite happy.
表认识、信仰、意见、怀疑、猜测、希望: know, think, understand, doubt, suppose, hope, wish He doubts whether you will find your lost pen again.
表喜欢、反对、仇恨、厌恶: love, like, prefer, mind, hate, want, dislike, envy We love our motherland deeply.
They envy her good fortune.
Betty ________ (leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3:00 this afternoon. Her brother Bob ________ (see) her off. It’s half past one now. They __________ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate.
is leaving
is seeing
are waiting
练一练
2. The Browns ________ (go) to the North China by train next week. They __________ (stay) in Beijing for a week. They ________ (go) to Xi’an. They __________ (get) there by air.
are going
are staying
are going
are getting
3. Some friends _________ (come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening. Anne’s mother __ (be) busy ______ (get) ready for the birthday dinner. Anne _________ (help) her mother now.
are coming
is
getting
is helping
另外, 表示将来的动作或状态, 还可用以下几种形式:
注意！
① will / shall＋动词原形
I shall be seventeen years old next month.
② be going to＋动词原形:表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
We are going to have a meeting today.
be going to 和will都可以表示将来，但前者侧重指说话之前就决定要做某事，而后者指说话时做出的决定。
　　
③ be to＋动词原形:表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。
Are we to go on with this work
④ be about to＋动词原形,表示即将发生的动作,不与表示将来的时间状语连用。
I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted at me and told me not to do so. 我正要去游泳, 这时向导大声叫我不要去。
⑤ be ＋动词的ing形式：表示按计划或安排要发生的事, 含义是 “预定要……” 这一结构常用趋向动词 go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return和play, do, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet等 。 　　
--- When are you going off for your holiday 你什么时候动身去度假
--- My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30. 我乘坐的飞机将于9:20分起飞, 所以我必须在8:30之前赶到机场。
⑥ 一般现在时表示将来时
(1) 按规定预计要发生的未来动作,仅限于动词come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等动词。
The plane takes off at 10:10. That is, it’s leaving in ten minutes.
(2) 用在状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时。
If you do that again, I’ll hit you.
(3) 用在I bet 和I hope后面, 常用一般现在时表将来。
I bet you don’t get up before ten tomorrow. 我敢说你明天不到10点是不会起床的。
⑦ 单纯叙述未来的事实, 可以用将来进行时, 也可表示按计划安排将来要执行的动作。　　
实例: At this time tomorrow ____ over the Atlantic. (2003北京) A. we’re going to fly　 B. we’ll be flying C. we’ll fly　　　 D. we’re to fly
1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer
---No, but I’ll ______ her over
Christmas vacation.
A. be seen　　　　B. have seen　　　
C. be seeing　　　 D. to see　　　
练一练！
2. ---I’m going to the States
---How long ___ you ___ in the States
A. are; stayed　　 B. are; staying　　　 C. have; stayed　 D. did; stay
3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
A. am taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken　　　
4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ____ so rapidly.
will change
B. has changed
C. will have changed
D. is changing　　　
5. --- You’ve left the light on.
--- Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.
I go B. I’ve gone
C. I’ll go D. I’m going　
6. --- Is this raincoat yours
--- No, mine ____ there behind the door.
A. is hanging B. has hung
C. hangs D. hung　　　　
7. --- What’s that terrible noise
---The neighbours ____ for a party.
have prepared
are preparing
C. prepare
D. will prepare　　　
8. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
has closed down
closed down
is closing down
had closed down
9. --- Can I join the club, Dad
--- You can when you ___ a bit old.
get B. will get
C. are getting D. will have got
10. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
11. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.
we’re going to fly
B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly
D. we’re to fly
12. ---Are you still busy
--- Yes, I ___ my work, and it won’t take long.
just finish
am just finishing
have just finished
am just going to finish
13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.
A. will be calling
B. will call
C. call
D. am to call
14. --- What are you going to do this afternoon
--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.
A. finished; are going
B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going
D. finishes; go
15. ----Have you moved into the new
house
----Not yet. The rooms ___.
A. are being painting
B. are painting
C. are painted
D. are being painted
16. --- do you like the material
--- Yes, it ____ very soft.
A. is feeling
B. felt
C. feels
D. is felt
17. I don’t really work here; I ___
until the new secretary arrives.
A. just help out
B. have just helped out
C. am just helping out
D. will just help out