Unit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
【导读】 处处留心皆学问。鞋子是人们日常生活的必需品，而鞋钉对鞋子来说也是不可或缺的。小小的鞋钉足以为一个家庭撑起一片蓝天。
Making
the
Shoe
Tacks①
The
hard?working
blacksmith②
Jones
used
to
work
all
day
in
his
shop，and
so
hard?working
was
he
that
he
would
make
the
sparks③
fly
from
his
hammer.
The
son
of
Mr
Smith，a
rich
neighbor，used
to
come
to
see
the
blacksmith.For
hours
and
hours
he
would
enjoy
himself
watching
how
the
tradesman
worked.
“Young
man，why
don't
you
try
your
hand
at
making
shoe
tacks，even
if
it
is
only
to
kill
the
time？”
said
the
blacksmith.“Who
knows，one
day，it
may
be
of
use
to
you.”
The
boy
began
to
see
what
he
could
do.After
a
short
practice
he
found
that
he
became
very
skilled
and
soon
he
could
make
some
of
the
finest
tacks.
Old
Mr
Smith
died
and
on
account
of④
the
war，the
son
lost
all
his
goods.He
had
to
leave
home
and
was
forced
to
take
up
residence⑤
in
a
village
in
another
country.It
happened
that
in
this
village
there
were
numerous⑥
shoemakers
who
spent
a
lot
of
money
buying
tacks
for
their
shoes，and
even
at
times
after
they
paid
high
prices
they
were
not
always
able
to
get
what
they
wanted，because
in
some
parts
of
the
country
there
was
a
high
demand
for
soldiers'
shoes.
【1】
Our
young
Mr
Smith，who
found
it
very
difficult
to
earn
his
daily
bread，remembered
that
once
upon
a
time
he
had
learned
the
art
of
making
tacks.Then
he
had
a
sudden
idea
of
making
a
deal⑦
with
the
shoemakers.He
told
them
that
he
would
make
the
tacks
if
they
would
set
up
a
workshop
for
him.The
shoemakers
went
crazy.And
soon，Mr.Smith
found
that
he
made
the
finest
tacks
in
the
village.
“How
funny
it
seems！”
he
used
to
say，“Even
making
tacks
can
also
bring
a
pared
with
all
my
former
fortune
【2】，my
trade
now
is
more
useful
to
me.”
做鞋钉
琼斯是个勤劳的铁匠，常常一整天都在店里工作。他工作如此努力以至于他的铁锤下常常是火花飞舞。
邻居史密斯先生很有钱，他的儿子常常来看琼斯(打铁)。他喜欢看这个工匠如何工作，常常一看就是好几个小时。
“年轻人，为什么不尝试一下制作鞋钉呢，即使只是为了消磨时间？”铁匠说，“没准，有一天它可能会对你有帮助。”
那个男孩开始看看他能做什么。在短时间的实践之后，他发现他变得非常熟练，很快他就做出了一些最好的鞋钉。
老史密斯先生去世了，而因为战争，他的儿子失去了所有的财产。他不得不离开家园，被迫在另外一个国家的村子里住了下来。巧的是，因为这个国家的一些地方急需大量的军鞋，这个村里有许多鞋匠，所以他们花费很多钱购买鞋钉。甚至有时候，在他们出了很高的价钱后，也不总是能买到他们想要的鞋钉。
年轻的史密斯先生发现挣钱以供日常所需很困难，他记起了他很久以前学过制鞋钉这门手艺，便突发奇想，想和这些鞋匠们做一笔交易。他对他们说，如果他们可以为他成立一个店铺，他就可以做鞋钉。鞋匠们欣喜若狂。不久，史密斯先生发现他做的鞋钉是村里最好的。
“这好像很有趣！”他常常会说，“甚至做鞋钉也会带来财富。与我以前所有的财富相比，我现在的手艺对于我来说更有用。”
[知识积累]
1．tack
n．平头钉；大头钉
2．blacksmith
n．铁匠
3．spark
n．火花
4．on
account
of
由于；因为
5．residence
n．居住；定居
take
up
residence
居住；定居
6．numerous
adj.许多的；众多的
7．make
a
deal
做交易；达成协议
[1]本句为并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，It为形式主语，真正的主语为后面that引导的主语从句，该主语从句中还包含一个who引导的限制性定语从句；第二个分句中after引导时间状语从句，对应的主句中what引导宾语从句，作get的宾语；because引导原因状语从句。
[2]be
compared
with意为“与……相比”，该短语在此处作状语，故去掉了be动词。
[文化链接]
blacksmith的来源
英语中blacksmith(铁匠)一词的来源要分别从smith和black这两个词来推断。根据Merriam?Webster
Dictionary，smith一词出现于公元12世纪前，是中世纪时期的英语，源于古英语，与古高地德语中的smid有关，smid在古高地德语中的意思是“工人，工匠”；smith也可能与希腊语中的smile有关，smile在希腊语中的意思是“锯木头用的刀”。
PAGEUnit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
游记
1．游记是一种以记述参观访问、旅途见闻为主要内容的记叙文。
2．明确文章结构：开头：介绍游记的主题，即所去的地方；主体：具体列出旅游见闻的内容；结尾：对旅游的总结。
1....is
located
in/at/between...
2....stretches
itself
lazily...
3．A
walk
around...is
a
feast
for
eyes.
4．The
good
weather
and
breathtaking
scenery
make...a
world?class
resort.
5．It
is
a
breathtaking
and
glorious
(光荣的)...
6．What
an
attractive
place!
7．It
is
a
picturesque
(优美的)
and
impressive...
8．From
the
view
of...we
can
catch
sight
of...
9....will
be
open
to
the
public
by...
10....is
under
construction
and
will
be
completed
before...
假如你今年暑假第一次去厦门旅行。请根据以下信息，写一篇英语短文，介绍其景点并谈谈你的感受。
位置
位于福建省东南部
景点
鼓浪屿(最出名景点之一，每天有成千上万的游客)
曾厝垵(品尝各种美味小吃)
厦门大学
活动
捡贝壳、追海浪、游泳(厦门四面环海)
参考词汇：曾厝垵Zengcuoan鼓浪屿Gulangyu
Island
体裁
游记
话题
介绍厦门旅游
时态
一般现在时和一般过去时
人称
第一人称
结构
第一部分：介绍游记的主题，即游览厦门。第二部分：介绍厦门游的过程及厦门的一些景点。第三部分：游览厦门的感受。
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1．for
the
first
time
第一次
2．leave
a
deep
impression
留下深刻的印象
3．lie
in/be
located
in
位于
4．different
kinds
of
delicious
snacks
各种美味小吃
5．be
surrounded
by
被……包围
6．pick
up
捡起
7．chase
追逐
8．fascinating
迷人的
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
(一)完成句子
1．这次旅行给我留下了深刻的印象。
This
journey
left
a
deep
impression
on
me．
2．厦门位于福建省东南部。
Xiamen
lies
in
the
southeast
of
Fujian
Province．
3．每天有成千上万的游客乘船去鼓浪屿。
Thousands
of
tourists
go
to
Gulangyu
Island
by
ship
every
day.
4．有一个叫曾厝垵的村庄。
There
is
a
village
called
Zengcuoan.
5．在那里我们可以品尝到各种美味的小吃。
We
can
taste
different
kinds
of
delicious
snacks
there.
6．厦门大学是你必须要去的漂亮地方。
Xiamen
University
is
a
beautiful
place
and
you
must
visit
it．
7．参观完厦大后，你会发现上大学是一件极好的事情。
After
visiting
Xiamen
University，you
can
find
that
going
to
university
is
a
wonderful
thing.
8．你可以去捡贝壳，去追海浪，去海里游泳。
You
can
go
to
pick
up
shells，chase
the
waves
and
swim
in
the
sea.
(二)句式升级
9．用非限制性定语从句把句4和句5连接起来
There
is
a
village
called
Zengcuoan，where
we
can
taste
different
kinds
of
delicious
snacks.
10．用形式主语it转换句7
After
visiting
Xiamen
University，you
can
find
it
is
a
wonderful
thing
to
go
to
university.
【参考范文】
This
summer
I
went
to
visit
Xiamen
for
the
first
time.This
journey
left
a
deep
impression
on
me.
Xiamen
lies
in
the
southeast
of
Fujian
Province，and
Gulangyu
Island
is
one
of
the
most
famous
places
in
Xiamen.Thousands
of
tourists
go
to
Gulangyu
Island
by
ship
every
day.There
is
a
village
called
Zengcuoan，where
we
can
taste
different
kinds
of
delicious
snacks.Xiamen
University
is
a
beautiful
place
which
you
must
visit.After
visiting
it，you
can
find
it
is
a
wonderful
thing
to
go
to
university.Xiamen
is
surrounded
by
the
sea.You
can
go
to
pick
up
shells，chase
the
waves
and
swim
in
the
sea.
In
short，what
a
fascinating
city
Xiamen
is!
PAGEUnit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
“THE
TRUE
NORTH”
FROM
TORONTO
TO
MONTREAL
The
next
morning
the
bushes[灌木(丛)]
and
maple(枫；枫树)
trees
outside
their
windows
were
red，gold
and
orange，and
there
was
frost(霜)
on
the
ground，confirming(证实)
that
fall
had
arrived
in
Canada①.
Around
noon
they
arrived
in
Toronto，the
biggest
and
most
wealthy(富有的)
city
in
Canada②.
They
were
not
leaving
for
Montreal
until
later，so
they
went
on
a
tour
of
the
city.They
went
up
the
tall
CN
Tower③
and
looked
across
the
lake.In
the
distance(在远处)，they
could
see
the
misty(有薄雾的)
cloud
that
rose
from
the
great
Niagara
Falls，which
is
on
the
south
side
of
the
lake.The
water
flows
into
the
Niagara
River
and
over
the
falls
on
its
way
to
the
sea.
多伦多——蒙特利尔的“真北方”号列车
第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面上覆盖了一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。
中午时分，她们来到多伦多——加拿大最大、最富有的城市。她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在(多伦多)市内游览了一番。她们爬上了高高的加拿大国家塔，俯瞰着下面的湖水。远处，她们可以看到在湖的南边尼亚加拉瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。湖水流入尼亚加拉河，再经过大瀑布，流向大海。
[助读讲解] ①confirming
that...作状语，状语中含有一个宾语从句。②the
biggest
and
most
wealthy
city
in
Canada是Toronto的同位语。③CN
Tower
(Canada
National
Tower)加拿大国家塔。
They
saw
the
covered
stadium，home
of
several
famous
basketball
teams④.As
they
walked
north
from
the
harbour
area，Li
Daiyu
said，“Lin
Fei，one
of
my
mother's
old
schoolmates，lives
here.I
should
phone
her
from
a
telephone
booth(公用电话间)．”
They
met
Lin
Fei
around
dusk
in
downtown(市区的)
Chinatown，one
of
the
three
in
Toronto.Over
dinner⑤
at
a
restaurant
called
The
Pink
Pearl⑥，the
cousins
chatted
with
Lin
Fei，who
had
moved
to
Canada
many
years
earlier.“We
can
get
good
Cantonese
food
here，”
Lin
Fei
told
them，“because
most
of
the
Chinese
people
here
come
from
South
China，especially
Hong
Kong.It's
too
bad
you
can't
go
as
far
as
Ottawa，Canada's
capital.It's
approximately(大约)
four
hundred
kilometres
northeast
of
Toronto，so
it
would
take
too
long.”
她们看到了加顶的大型运动场，那是几支著名的篮球队的驻地。当她们从港口区向北走的时候，李黛予说：“我妈妈的老同学林菲住在这里，我该到电话亭去给她打个电话。”
大约黄昏时分，他们在市区的中国城见到了林菲，这是多伦多三个中国城中的一个。在一个名叫“海珠酒楼”的餐馆里用餐时，表姐妹和许多年前就移居加拿大的林菲闲聊了起来。林菲告诉她们：“我们在这里可以吃到很好的广东菜，因为这里的大多数中国人来自中国南方，尤其是香港。很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。它在多伦多东北方约400公里，要去那儿花时间就太多了。”
[助读讲解] ④covered是过去分词作前置定语，意为“覆盖的”，即“加了顶的”，home
of...作stadium的同位语。⑤over
dinner＝during
dinner吃饭期间，用餐时。⑥过去分词短语called
The
Pink
Pearl作后置定语，修饰restaurant。
The
train
left
late
that
night
and
arrived
in
Montreal
at
dawn(黎明)
the
next
morning.At
the
station，people
everywhere
were
speaking
French.There
were
signs
and
ads
in
French，but
some
of
them
had
English
words
in
smaller
letters.“We
don't
leave
until
this
evening，”said
Liu
Qian.“Let's
go
downtown.Old
Montreal
is
close
to
the
water.”
They
spent
the
afternoon
in
lovely
shops
and
visiting
artists
in
their
workplaces(工作场所)
beside
the
water.As
they
sat
in
a
buffet(自助餐)
restaurant
looking
over
the
broad
St
Lawrence
River⑦，
a
young
man
sat
down
with
them.
“Hello，my
name
is
Henri.I'm
a
student
at
the
university
nearby，”
he
said，“and
I
was
wondering
where
you
are
from⑧.
”
The
girls
told
him
they
were
on
a
train
trip
across
Canada
and
that
they
had
only
one
day
in
Montreal⑨.
“That's
too
bad，”
he
said.“Montreal
is
a
city
with
wonderful
restaurants
and
clubs.Most
of
us
speak
both
English
and
French，but
the
city
has
French
culture
and
traditions.We
love
good
coffee，good
bread
and
good
music.”
火车在那一夜的晚些时候起程了，第二天黎明时到达了蒙特利尔。火车站里，人们到处说的是法语。指示牌和广告也都是法文的，但有些标注了小字体的英文。刘倩说：“我们要到傍晚才动身，不如到市区去走走。蒙特利尔老区是在水边上的。”整个下午她们穿梭于布局可爱的商店，还拜访了水边工作坊里的艺术家。当她们坐在一家自助餐厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻人坐到了她们身边。
他说：“你们好，我叫亨利，是附近大学里的学生。请问你们从哪里来？”姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待一天。他说：“这太糟糕了，蒙特利尔这个城市有极好的餐馆和俱乐部。我们大多数人既说英语也说法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。我们喜欢美味的咖啡和面包，还有好听的音乐。”
[助读讲解] ⑦As
they
sat...looking
over...中，as引导时间状语从句，从句中现在分词短语looking
over...作伴随状语。⑧where引导宾语从句，作wondering的宾语。⑨told后跟两个宾语从句，第一个that在him后，被省略了。
That
night
as
the
train
was
speeding⑩
along
the
St
Lawrence
River
toward
the
Gulf
of
St
Lawrence
and
down
to
the
distant
east
coast，the
cousins
dreamed
of?
French
restaurants
and
red
maple
leaves.
那天晚上，火车沿着圣劳伦斯河疾驰，朝圣劳伦斯湾驶去，一直开到远方的东海岸，姐妹两个做梦都在想着法国餐馆和红色枫叶。
[助读讲解] ⑩speed
v．加速，促进。?dream
of梦到，想到。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P38教材课文，选择最佳答案
What
is
the
main
idea
of
this
part?
A．The
whole
travel
in
Canada
of
the
cousins.
B．What
they
have
done
and
seen
during
the
trip
in
Toronto
and
Montreal.
C．The
cousins'
feelings
about
Canada.
D．The
delicious
food
and
beautiful
sights
in
Toronto
and
Montreal.
[答案] B
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P38教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Which
city
is
the
most
wealthy
one
in
Canada?
A．Toronto.
B．Montreal.
C．Vancouver.
D．Calgary.
2．What
have
the
cousins
not
seen
in
Toronto?
A．The
tall
CN
Tower.
B．The
misty
cloud
that
rose
from
the
great
Niagara
Falls.
C．The
covered
stadium.
D．The
broad
St
Lawrence
River.
3．What
are
the
things
that
show
Montreal
is
a
French
city?
①Cantonese
food ②French
language
③culture
and
traditions ④good
bread
A．①②③④
B．①②④
C．①②③
D．②③④
4．If
you
want
to
enjoy
Cantonese
food，which
city
will
you
prefer?
A．Toronto.
B．Montreal.
C．Vancouver.
D．Calgary.
[答案] 1－4 ADDA
第三步 研读——能力升华，接轨高考
根据P38教材课文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
They
knew
fall
1.had
arrived
(arrive)
in
Canada，for
they
saw
the
red
maple
2.
trees(tree)
and
frost
on
the
ground.At
the
top
of
the
CN
Tower，they
saw
the
3.misty(mist)
cloud
that
4.rose
(rise)
from
the
great
Niagara
Falls.It
was
a
pity
5.that
they
couldn't
go
as
far
as
Ottawa.The
train
arrived
in
Montreal
6.the
next
morning.They
found
Montreal
was
a
French?speaking
country
because
there
were
7.signs(sign)
and
ads
8.
in
French.They
spent
the
afternoon
in
9.lovely(love)
shops
and
10.visiting
(visit)
artists
in
their
workplaces
beside
the
water.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．It
has
been
confirmed(证实)
that
he
was
killed
in
the
earthquake.
2．Because
of
the
distance(距离)，we
can't
meet
a
lot.
3．As
is
known
to
all
oil
can't
mix(混合)with
water.
4．Mr.Smith
was
pleased
that
his
father
was
taken
good
care
of.
5．It
is
an
old
tradition
for
Chinese
people
to
get
together
and
eat
dumplings
on
the
eve
of
the
Spring
Festival.
6．Her
rich
knowledge
and
humorous
talk
impressed
us.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．terrify
vt.使恐怖；恐吓→terrified
adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的→terrifying
adj.令人恐惧的
2．pleased
adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的→pleasant
adj.令人高兴的→pleasure
n．高兴(的事)
3．impress
vt.使印象深刻；使铭记→impressive
adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的→impression
n．印象
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．in
the
distance
在远处
2．as
far
as
远至……
3．at
dawn
在黎明
4．be
close
to
靠近；接近
5．go
on
a
tour
去旅游
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The
street
lights
come
on
at
dusk
and
go
off
at
dawn．
2．I
can
see
the
bus
coming
in
the
distance．
3．Dogs
are
closer
to
human
than
other
animals.
4．He
is
not
reliable
as
far
as
I
can
see.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.They
were
not
leaving
for
Montreal
until
later，so
they
went
on
a
tour
of
the
city.她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在(多伦多)市内游览了一番。
not...until...“直到……才……”。
It
was
not
until
I
had
read
year
letter
that
I
understood
the
true
state
of
affairs.直到我读了你的信，我才明白了事情的真实情况。
2.As
they
sat
in
a
buffet
restaurant
looking
over
the
broad
St
Lawrence
River，a
young
man
sat
down
with
them.当她们坐在一家自助餐厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时，一个年轻人坐到了她们身边。
looking
over...为现在分词短语在句中作伴随状语。
As
we
sat
with
each
other
talking
about
something
interesting
in
the
park，a
little
girl
ran
up
to
us.当我们坐在公园里一起谈一些有趣的事情时，一个小女孩跑向我们。
mix
vt.&
vi.混合；调配
(教材P37)The
families
who
have
lived
in
Canada
for
a
long
time
are
usually
all
mixed
up.
在加拿大长期居住的家庭通常被混淆。
(1)mix
sth.with
sth.
把某物与某物混合起来
mix
with
sth.
与某物相融合
mix
up
弄错；弄乱；混淆
mix...up
with...
把……和……搞混了
(2)mixture
n.
混合(物)；混合状态
①They
look
so
alike
that
it's
easy
to
mix
them
up．
他们长得非常相像，很容易把他们弄混。
②It's
much
better
if
you
can
sometimes
mix
business
with
pleasure.
如果你们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来那就好多了。
③I
listened
to
his
adventure
with
a
mixture
(mix)of
amusement
and
disbelief.
我怀着既好笑又怀疑的复杂心情听了他的冒险经历。
confirm
vt.证实；证明；批准
(教材P38)The
next
morning
the
bushes
and
maple
trees
outside
their
windows
were
red，gold
and
orange，and
there
was
frost
on
the
ground，confirming
that
fall
had
arrived
in
Canada.
第二天早上，在她们的车窗外到处是灌木丛和枫树，挂满朱红、赤金和橘黄色的叶子，地面上覆盖了一层薄霜，表明秋天已经来到了加拿大。
confirm＋sth./that从句/wh?从句 (尤指通过提供更多证据)证实
It
has
been
confirmed
that...
已证实……
confirm
sb.in(belief/opinion/view)
使某人确信信念/意见/观点
①The
expression
on
her
face
confirmed
her
sadness.
她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。
②The
latest
evidence
confirmed
me
in
his
honesty.
最新的证据让我坚信他是诚实的。
③It
has
been
confirmed
(confirm)
that
it
is
the
most
effective
treatment.
已证实这是最有效的治疗方法。
in
the
distance在远处
(教材P38)In
the
distance，they
could
see
the
misty
cloud
that
rose
from
the
great
Niagara
Falls，which
is
on
the
south
side
of
the
lake.
远处，她们可以看到在湖的南边尼亚加拉瀑布上方升腾着的雾霭。
(1)from
a
distance
从远处
at
a
distance
隔一段距离；在稍远处
at
a
distance
of...
在……远处
keep
sb.at
a
distance(＝keep
one's
distance
from
sb.)
与某人保持一段距离；对某人冷
淡、疏远
(2)distant
adj.
(时间或空间)遥远的；久远的；远
处的；远亲的；远房的
①The
boy
who
is
standing
in
the
distance
has
a
gift
for
writing.
站在远处的那个男孩很有写作天赋。
②It
was
difficult
to
get
to
know
her
because
she
always
kept
everyone
at
a
distance.
很难搞懂她，因为她总是与每个人保持一定距离。
③Although
there
is
a
long
distance
between
Tom
and
his
family，they
don't
feel
distant(distance)．
尽管汤姆和家人距离遥远，但是他们没有感到疏远。
[图形助记]
tradition
n．[C，U]传统；风俗
(教材P38)Most
of
us
speak
both
English
and
French，but
the
city
has
French
culture
and
traditions.
我们大多数人既说英语也说法语，但是这座城市具有法国文化和传统。
(1)It's
a
tradition
for
sb.to
do
sth.
对某人来说做某事是一个传统。
It's
a
tradition
that...
……是一个传统。
by
tradition
按照传统风俗
(2)traditional
adj.
传统的
①We
are
pleased
to
have
a
chance
to
learn
about
the
local
customs
and
traditions.
我们很高兴有机会去了解当地的习俗和传统。
②It's
a
tradition
to
play
tricks
on
April
Fool's
Day.
在愚人节开玩笑是一个传统。
③It's
traditional
(tradition)in
America
to
eat
turkey
on
Thanksgiving
Day.
感恩节时吃火鸡是美国的传统。
terrify
vt.使恐怖；恐吓
(1)terrified
adj.
恐惧的；受惊吓的
be
terrified
of...
害怕……；不敢……
be
terrified
at/by...
被……吓了一跳
be
terrified
that...
害怕……
(2)terrifying
adj.
令人恐怖的；可怕的
①The
idea
that
there
will
be
an
earthquake
terrifies
many
people.
将会有地震的说法吓坏了很多人。
②They
were
terrified
by/at
his
sudden
appearance.
他的突然出现把他们吓坏了。
③Being
lost
can
be
a
terrifying
experience.
迷路有时很可怕。
④The
child
was
terrified
of
being
left
(leave)alone
at
home.
那孩子因被单独留在家里而害怕。
[语境助记]
To
the
terror
of
everyone，the
terrorist
made
a
terrifying
decision
and
made
everyone
present
terrified，which
was
terrible.
令每一个人恐怖的是，恐怖分子做出了一个令人恐怖的决定使在场的每个人害怕，太可怕了。
[名师点津]
terrifying多用来形容事物，表示事物的性质；而terrified则多用来形容人或表情、声音等，表示人的感觉。
pleased
adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
(1)be
pleased
with
sb./sth.
对某人/某事满意
be
pleased
at/about
sth.
对某事感到高兴
be
pleased
that...
高兴……
be
pleased
to
do
sth.
高兴做某事
(2)pleasing
adj.
使人愉快的；惬意的
pleasant
adj.
令人愉快的；惬意的，舒适的
(3)pleasure
n.
高兴；愉快
①Sitting
on
a
sofa
in
her
room，Welty
looked
pleased
with
this
explanation.
坐在房间里的沙发上，Welty看起来对这个解释颇为满意。
②They
often
remember
the
pleasant
days
they
had
with
you.他们时常想起与你在一起的愉快时光。
③I
would
like
you
to
read
a
lot
of
books
this
year，but
I
want
you
to
read
them
only
for
pleasure(please)．
我想让你今年多读点书，但是我只是想让你读书来消遣。
impress
vt.使印象深刻；使铭记
(教材P39)What
impressed
you?
什么给你留下了深刻印象？
(1)使某人牢记某事
be
impressed
by/with
对……留下……印象
(2)impression
n.
印象；感想
have/leave/make
a(n)...impression
on
sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive
adj.
给人深刻印象的；感人的
①What
impresses
us
most
is
your
art
skill.
你留给我们印象最深刻的是你的绘画技巧。
②Father
impressed
on
me
the
value
of
hard
work.
父亲让我认识到努力工作的重要意义。
③A
good
first
impression(impress)
increases
sales.
良好的第一印象能增加销售量。
[语境助记]
His
speech
impressed
the
importance
of
cooperation
on
the
audience
and
made
a
strong
impression
on
them.
他的演讲使听众牢记合作的重要性，给他们留下了深刻的印象。
(教材P38)They
were
not
leaving
for
Montreal
until
later，so
they
went
on
a
tour
of
the
city.
她们要晚些时候才动身去蒙特利尔，因此就在(多伦多)市内游览了一番。
【要点提炼】 本句含有“not...until...”的结构，意为“直到……才……”。
(1)在not...until...句型结构中，可以把not
until提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序。
(2)not...until...句型的强调句式为It
is/was
not
until...that...。
①It
was
not
until
the
next
day
that
I
learned
the
truth.
直到第二天，我才明白事情的真相。
②I
didn't
realize
the
importance
of
teamwork
until
I
became
monitor
of
our
class.
→It
was
not
until
I
became
monitor
of
our
class
that
I
realized
the
importance
of
teamwork.(强调句)
→Not
until
I
became
monitor
of
our
class
did
I
realize
the
importance
of
teamwork.(倒装)
直到我成为我们班的班长，我才意识到团队合作的重要性。
(教材P38)It's
too
bad
you
can't
go
as
far
as
Ottawa，Canada's
capital.
很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。
【要点提炼】 as
far
as远至……；就……而言；尽……所能
as/so
far
as
sb./sth.is
concerned
就某人/物而言
as
far
as
the
eye
can
see/reach
就视力所能及
so/as
far
as
I
can
see
依我看
as
far
as
I
know
就我所知
①As
far
as
I
know(know)，they
quarreled
very
often
at
that
time.
据我所知，那时他们经常吵架。
②As
far
as
I'm
concerned(concern)，you
can
do
what
you
like.
就我而言，你愿意做什么就做什么。
[拓展联想]
短语
本意
引申义
as
well
as
与……一样好
也；和
as
long
as
与……一样长
只要
as
far
as
远及……
就……而言；至于
as
good
as
与……一样好
几乎
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The
mixed
drink
consists
of
juice
and
alcohol
and
the
mixture
made
me
sick.(mix)
2．His
collection
of
paintings
is
the
most
impressive(impress)．
3．I
am
very
pleased(please)
with
the
quality
of
your
work.
4．He
became
wealthy(wealth)
through
hard
work
and
careful
saving.
5．Do
you
like
traditional(tradition)
Chinese
art
using
brush
and
ink?
6．They
start
work
at
dawn.
7．The
beach
is
within
walking
distance(distant)
of
my
house.
8．Most
girls
are
terrified(terrify)
at
snakes
and
mice，both
of
which
look
very
ugly.
9．It's
approximately(approximate)
4
kilometres
southwest
of
our
school.
10．I
could
see
the
misty(mist)
cloud
in
the
distance
through
the
window
at
6：00.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他让我们认识到立刻采取行动的必要。
He
impressed
on
us
the
need
for
immediate
action.
2．直到我离开家乡，我才真正意识到朋友的重要性。
I
didn't
realize
the
importance
of
friends
until
I
left
my
hometown.
3．他父母竭尽所能支持他。
His
parents
supported
him
as
far
as
they
could.
4．汤姆继续与这个球队续约五年这事已经确定。
It
has
been
confirmed
that
Tom
will
continue
his
partnership
with
the
football
team
for
another
five
years.
5．妇女结婚时穿红色衣服是中国大部分地方的传统风俗。
It
is
a
tradition
that
women
get
married
in
red
in
most
places
of
China.
PAGEUnit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
同位语从句
语
境
自
主
领
悟
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
后自主感悟
①Some
people
have
the
idea
that
you
can
cross
Canada
in
less
than
five
days，but
they
forget
the
fact
that
Canada
is
5，500
kilometres
from
coast
to
coast.②The
girls
were
surprised
at
the
fact
that
ocean
ships
can
sail
up
the
Great
Lakes.③I
made
a
promise
that
I
would
make
him
happy.④He
hasn't
made
the
decision
whether
he
will
go
there.⑤A
saying
goes
that
where
there
is
life，there
is
a
hope.⑥Do
you
know
of
his
suggestion
that
we
start
our
work
right
away？
1.以上例句中的黑体部分均为同位语从句，用来解释说明所修饰名词的具体内容。2.句④中同位语从句的连接词是whether，意为：是否；其他例句中的连接词是that，无实际意义，但不能省略。3.句⑤中同位语从句与其他同位语从句的区别：句⑤为复合句。4.句⑥中同位语从句的谓语动词为start，前面省略了should。
一、同位语从句的定义
1．在主从复合句中，跟在一个名词(尤其是抽象名词)后对其作出进一步解释说明的从句叫同位语从句。
2．能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，wish，promise，answer，evidence，report，explanation，suggestion，conclusion等抽象名词。
I
was
shocked
at
the
news
that
our
team
won
the
game.我被我们队赢了比赛这个消息震惊了。
I
have
no
idea
what
he
is
doing
now.
我不知道他现在正在干什么。
二、同位语从句的引导词
类别
例词
说明
从属连词
that，whether
二者均在从句中不作成分；that无实义，whether意为“是否”。
连接代词
who，what，whom，whose
有实义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
连接副词
when，where，how，why
有实义，在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分。
She
had
no
idea
why
she
thought
of
him
suddenly.
她不明白她为什么突然想到了他。
They
were
worried
over
the
fact
that
you
were
sick.
他们为你生病发愁。
I
have
no
idea
when
he
will
come
back.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
I'm
not
sure
about
the
question
whether
he
will
come.
对于他来不来这个问题，我不太确定。
The
question
who
will
take
his
place
is
still
not
clear.
关于谁会接替他的职位目前还不清楚。
[即时训练1] 用适当的连接词填空
①I
have
small
doubt
whether
he
is
suitable
for
the
job.
②The
problem
why
she
was
so
sad
made
us
puzzled.
③The
fact
that
she
works
hard
is
well
known
to
us
all.
④He
asked
a
question
when
we
should
have
the
party，today
or
tomorrow.
三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1．意义：同位语从句说明前面的名词所表示的具体内容，用连接词引导，不可省略。定语从句是对名词进行修饰和限定，用关系词引导，在句子中充当一定的句子成分，关系词作宾语时可以省略。
2．先行词：同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词，而定语从句所修饰的词没有限制。
The
fact
that
the
Chinese
people
invented
the
compass
is
known
to
all.(同位语从句，fact和从句没有逻辑关系，也不作成分)
中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。
The
fact
that
we
talked
about
is
very
important.
(定语从句，fact是talked
about的逻辑宾语)
我们谈论的这个事实很重要。
[即时训练2] 根据语境，填入恰当的引导词
①He
will
never
forget
the
days
when
he
lived
with
his
grandparents.
②He
has
no
idea
when
the
meeting
will
be
held.
③We
are
glad
at
the
news
that
he
will
come.
④We
are
sad
about
the
news
that
he
told
us.
四、同位语从句的注意事项
1．分隔式同位语从句：有时同位语从句与其所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，从而形成分隔式同位语从句，这样做主要是为了保持句子结构平衡，避免头重脚轻。
Word
came
that
some
wolves
were
caught
around
that
village.
有消息传来说在那个村子周围捕获了几只狼。
2．名词suggestion，order，demand，command，request，desire，proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
The
suggestion
that
the
new
rule
be
adopted
came
from
the
Chairman.
采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。
Do
you
know
his
suggestion
that
we(should)start
our
work
right
now?
你知道他建议我们立即开始工作吗？
[即时训练3] 单句语法填空
①He
gave
orders
that
the
work
be
started
(start)
immediately.
②Word
came
that
we
would
have
lessons
on
Saturday.
③He
got
the
news
from
Mary
that
the
sports
meeting
was
put
off.
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1．The
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
that
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do.
2．—Is
it
true
that
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday?
—Yeah，but
I
have
no
idea
why
he
did
it；that's
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
3．The
news
that
we
won
the
match
is
true.
4．Where
did
you
get
the
idea
that
I
could
not
come?
5．Li
Ping
repeated
her
request
that
we
(should)share(share)
the
cost.
6．The
question
whether
we
need
more
time
to
do
the
work
is
not
clear.
7．There's
no
doubt
that
Taiwan
belongs
to
China.
8．We
all
had
no
idea
who
would
take
the
place
of
our
former
boss.
9．I
still
have
no
idea
how
they
came
here
quickly
in
such
a
short
time.
10.The
news
that
you
told
us
last
night
made
us
very
happy.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他突然想起汤姆可能已经还了书了。
The
thought
came
to
him
that
Tom
might
have
returned
the
book．
2．我向他许诺说我一到北京就给他写信。
I
made
a
promise
that
I
would
write
to
him
as
soon
as
I
got
to
Beijing．
3．约翰和他的妻子在是否应再生一个孩子这个问题上意见有分歧。
John
and
his
wife
clashed
on
the
question
whether
they
should
have
another
child．
4．他什么也不说，这一事实使大家都感到惊奇。
The
fact
that
he
had
not
said
anything
surprised
everybody.
5．在我看来，他们要出席会议的消息是真实的。
In
my
opinion，the
news
that
they
will
attend
the
meeting
is
true.
PAGEUnit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The
boss
is
particular
about
everything，so
the
workers
will
never
get
away
with
a
slight(微小的)mistake.
2．You
must
finish
the
task
within(在……之内)two
days.
3．Passengers
checked
their
baggage
(行李)
before
boarding
the
plane.
4．We
reached
the
harbour
(港口)
at
sunset.
5．France
borders(接壤)
Germany
along
parts
of
the
Rhine.
6．We
must
stop
the
damage
to
both
urban
and
country
environments.
7．We
must
take
effective
measures
to
reduce
the
waste
of
food
and
water.
8．I'd
like
to
have
a
chat
with
you
about
our
travel
plan.
9．The
city
is
surrounded
with
water
and
hills，which
makes
it
beautiful.
10．The
beautiful
scenery
in
Hangzhou
attracts
many
visitors
each
day.
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．surround
vt.包围；围绕→surrounding
adj.周围的→surroundings
n．环境
2．scene
n．情景；场景→scenery
n．景色；风景
3．eastward
adv.&
adj.向东(的)→westward
adv.&
adj.向西(的)→upward
adv.&
adj.向上(的)
4．slight
adj.轻微的；微小的→slightly
adv.稍稍；轻微地
5．continent
n．洲；大陆→continental
adj.大洲的；大陆的
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．settle
down
定居；专心于
2．manage
to
do
设法做
3．as
well
as
和……
4．catch
sight
of
看见；瞥见
5．have
a
gift
for
有……天赋
6．rather
than
与其；不愿
7．be
famous
for
因……而闻名
8．take
measures
采取措施
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．Jim，as
well
as
his
teachers，is
interested
in
the
film
directed
by
Zhang
Yimou.
2．The
little
girl
has
a
gift
for
singing
and
dancing.
3．He
managed
to
finish
the
task
despite
kinds
of
difficulties.
4．He
went
to
many
places
before
settling
down．
5．She
is
a
career
woman
rather
than
a
housewife.
背教材原句
记句式结构
仿写促落实
1.Going
eastward，you'll
pass
mountains
and
thousands
of
lakes
and
forests，as
well
as
wide
rivers
and
large
cities.一路向东行，你会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊、森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。
现在分词短语作时间状语。
Going
along
the
river，you
will
see
many
tall
buildings
as
well
as
pleasant
flowers
and
grass.沿着这条河前行，你不仅会看到赏心悦目的花草，而且会看到很多高楼。
2.Skiing
in
the
Rocky
Mountains
and
sailing
in
the
harbour
make
Vancouver
one
of
Canada's
most
popular
cities
to
live
in.落基山脉可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。
make＋宾语＋宾语补足语＋to
do...。
Being
busy
with
so
many
activities
every
day
makes
the
old
man
one
of
the
persons
to
be
paid
attention
to.终日忙于那么多的活动，使这位老人成为备受关注的人物之一。
3.It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall，some
measuring
over
90
metres.那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，有些经测量高达90多米。
独立主格结构在句中作状语。
The
meeting
was
so
long
that
all
present
were
tired，some
even
falling
asleep
during
the
meeting．会议太长了，所有参加会议的人都很累，开会期间甚至其中一些人睡着了。
4.Canada
has
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
比较级表示最高级。
The
book
has
greater
effect
on
me
than
any
other
one．这本书比任何一本书对我影响都要大。
surround
vt.包围；围绕
(教材P34)People
say
it
is
Canada's
most
beautiful
city，surrounded
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean.
人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。
(1)surround...with/by...
以……包围……
be
surrounded
by/with...
被……包围
(2)surrounding
adj.
周围的
surroundings
n.
环境
①Surround
yourself
with
people
who
uplift，encourage
and
understand
you!
让你的身边围绕着使你振作，鼓励和理解你的人！
②Tall
trees
surround
the
lake.＝The
lake
is
surrounded
(surround)
with/by
tall
trees.
湖边高树环绕。
③The
buildings
have
been
designed
to
blend
in
with
their
surroundings(surround)．
这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围环境浑然一体。
[语境助记]
Once
upon
a
time，a
king
who
was
polite
to
surrounding
countries
lived
in
a
castle
surrounded
by
a
large
forest
and
having
wonderful
surroundings.
从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。
[名师点津]
surroundings
指周围具体的、物质性的环境，而environment
指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活的环境条件。
measure
vt.衡量；测量；判定link?v.(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为n.[C]措施；方法；计量单位
(教材P34)It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall，some
measuring
over
90
metres.
那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，有些经测量高达90多米。
(1)take
measures
to
do
sth.
采取措施做某事
make...to
one's
measure
依照某人的尺寸做……
(2)measure
sth.by
sth.
用……来衡量……
measure
sb.for...
为某人量尺寸
①It
was
Cao
Chong
who
thought
of
a
measure
of
measuring
the
weight
of
the
elephant.
是曹冲想出测量大象体重的办法的。
②The
rope
measures
(measure)10
metres.
绳子长10米。
③The
number
of
them
is
less
than
1，000，so
I
hope
you
can
take
measures
to
protect
(protect)them.
它们的数量不足1
000只，因此我希望你们能采取有效措施来保护它们。
settle
down定居；(使……)平静下来；专心于
(教材P34)That
afternoon
aboard
the
train，the
cousins
settled
down
in
their
seats.
那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。
(1)settle
down
to(doing)sth.(to为介词)
开始认真对待……；定下心来做……
(2)settle
vt.
解决(问题、纠纷等)；定居
settlement
n.
解决；定居；协议
settler
n.
定居者；移民者
①I
must
settle
down
this
morning
and
finish
the
term
paper.
我今天上午必须安下心来完成学期论文。
②On
his
arrival，he
settled
down
to
doing
(do)
his
work.
他一到达，就开始认真地做工作。
[名师点津]
settle
down意为“定居；平静下来；专心于”时，为不及物动词短语；意为“使……平静下来”，为及物动词短语。
[语境助记]
After
this
panda
settled
down
in
the
mountain，she
settled
herself
down.Look！She
is
settling
down
to
eating
bamboo
leaves.
这只大熊猫定居在这座山里之后，她就平静下来。看，她正在专心吃竹叶。
(教材P34)Earlier
that
day，when
they
crossed
the
Rocky
Mountains，they
managed
to
catch
sight
of
some
mountain
goats
and
even
a
grizzly
bear
and
an
eagle.那天早些时候，当她们穿越落基山脉时，她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。
(1)manage
to
do(＝succeed
in
doing)设法做
(1)口语中manage常与can，could，be
able
to连用，表示“能对付”
(2)manage
v．
控制；驾驭；管理；经营；处理；对付
(3)manage
it
设法完成
①He
managed
to
get
a
few
tickets
for
the
Olympic
Games.
他设法弄到了几张奥运会的门票。
②—Do
you
need
any
help
with
the
box?
—Thanks，but
I
can
manage
it
myself.
——需要帮忙搬这个箱子吗？
——谢谢！我自己能对付。
[明辨异同] manage
to
do/try
to
do
manage
to
do
表示设法做成功某事，强调结果
try
to
do
表示尽力做某事，成功与否不确定，强调动作
(manage/try)
③He
tried
to
do
it
time
and
time
again，and
at
last
he
managed
to
get
a
pass.
经过了多次努力，最后他终于拿到了通行证。
(2)catch
sight
of看见；瞥见
at
first
sight
乍看起来；一看见
in/within
sight
在视线内；看得见
out
of
sight
看不见；在视线外
at
the
sight
of
一看见……
lose
sight
of
看不见……
come
into
sight
进入视野中
①In
a
very
real
sense，light
pollution
causes
us
to
lose
sight
of
our
true
place
in
the
universe.
在真正意义上，光污染使得我们看不见我们在宇宙中的实际位置。
②Out
of
sight，out
of
mind.眼不见，心不烦。
③The
little
town
came
into
sight
as
we
turned
the
corner.我们拐过弯，小城就映入了我们的眼帘。
have
a
gift
for有……天赋
(教材P34)Many
of
them
have
a
gift
for
riding
wild
horses
and
can
win
thousands
of
dollars
in
prizes.
他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
(1)gift(＝talent)n.
天赋；天生的才能；礼物
(2)gifted(＝talented)adj.
有天分的；有天赋的
a
gifted
man＝a
man
of
many
gifts
一位多才多艺的人
be
gifted/talented
in/at
sth.
擅长做某事
①Caroline
doesn't
have
a
gift
for
music，but
she
makes
up
for
it
with
hard
work.
卡罗琳对音乐没有天赋，但她用努力来弥补它。
②As
is
known
to
us
all，Lang
Lang
is
a
gifted(gift)
pianist.
众所周知，郎朗是一位有天赋的钢琴家。
[语境助记]
The
gifted
musician
is
a
man
of
many
gifts，who
had
a
gift
for
music
when
he
was
a
child，and
now
he
is
gifted
in
playing
many
musical
instruments.
这位有才华的音乐家是一个多才多艺的人。当他是个孩子时就有音乐天赋。现在他擅长弹很多乐器。
(教材P34)Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way，they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada.
她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。
【要点提炼】 句中ratherthan...这一结构表示“而不是……”，用于连接两个并列成分。decided之后的整个不定式短语与rather
than之后的不定式短语是并列关系。
宁愿做A而不愿做B
would
rather
sb.did/had
done
sth.宁愿某人做某事
(用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去)
①We
can
achieve
a
lot
when
we
learn
to
let
our
differences
unite，rather
than
divide
us.
当我们学会使分歧团结而不是分裂我们的时候，我们就能取得很大的成就。
②Very
quickly，she
learned
to
appreciate
life
rather
than
to
judge
(judge)everything
so
harshly.
很快，她学会了欣赏生活而不是刻薄地判断每一件事情。
[名师点津]
(1)rather
than
连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather
than
前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)rather
than
后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to，但rather
than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。
③You
rather
than
I
are(be)
going
to
go
camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
④Rather
than
travel
by
car，I'd
prefer
to
walk(walk)．
与其乘汽车旅行，我宁可走路。
(教材P34)It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall，some
measuring
over
90
metres．
那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，有些经测量高达90多米。
【要点提炼】 some
measuring
over
90
metres属于“代词＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。
独立主格结构形式：
(1)名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
(2)名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动和已经完成)
(3)名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)
(4)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
(5)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/形容词/介词短语/副词/动词不定式
①Computers
very
small，we
can
use
them
widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。
②The
huntsman
entered
the
forest，gun
in
hand.
那位猎人手拿着枪进了森林。
③More
time
given(give)，we
should
have
done
it
much
better.如果给更多的时间，我们会做得更好。
④So
many
people
to
help
(help)
him，he
is
sure
to
succeed.有如此多的人来帮助他，他一定会成功的。
(教材P34)Canada
has
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.
加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。
【要点提炼】 此句为：“比较级＋than
any
other...”结构，意为“比其他任何……都……”；该句型形式上是比较级，却表示最高级意义。
(1)any
other后面跟单数名词，表示“任何别的”，即主语在范围内。如果主语不在这一范围内，那么要去掉other，只要any即可。
(2)表示最高级意义的常用结构：
①比较级＋than＋
②否定词＋比较级
①Mike
is
more
hard?working
than
any
other
student
in
the
class.
迈克比班里其他的任何一个同学都勤奋。
②Tom
is
taller
than
any
other
student
in
our
class.
＝Tom
is
taller
than
anyone
else
in
our
class.
＝Tom
is
taller
than
any
of
the
other
students
in
our
class.
＝No
one
is
taller
than
Tom
in
our
class.
汤姆是我们班最高的学生。
1．Some
people
have
the
idea
that
you
can
cross
Canada
in
less
than
five
days，but
they
forget
the
fact
that
Canada
is
5，500
kilometres
from
coast
to
coast.
【分析】 本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句。两个分句各含有一个that引导的同位语从句。
【翻译】 有些人认为在不到5天的时间里就能穿越加拿大，但是他们忘记了这样一个事实：加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5
500公里。
2．At
school，they
had
learned
that
most
Canadians
live
within
a
few
hundred
kilometres
of
the
USA
border，and
that
Canada's
population
is
only
slightly
over
thirty
million，but
now
they
were
amazed
to
see
such
an
empty
country.
【分析】 本句是一个并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，learned后是that引导的两个宾语从句。
【翻译】 在学校，她们学过大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百公里以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿。但现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.
My
kid
spends
hours
chatting
(chat)
on
the
phone
with
his
friend.
2.
He
managed
to
get(get)
the
work
done
with
very
little
help.
3．The
woman
is
slightly(slight)
worried
about
her
son.
4.
I'd
like
to
bring
up
my
children
in
healthy
surroundings(surround)．
5.
There
are
seven
continents(continent)
in
the
world，of
which
Asia
is
the
largest.
6．Measures(measure)
must
be
taken
to
protect
the
environment
we
are
living
in.
7．When
are
you
going
to
get
married
and
settle
down?
8.
She
is
working
harder
than
any
other
student
in
her
class.
9．I
was
wandering
in
the
street
when
I
caught
sight
of
my
former
boss.
10．He
has
an
18?year?old
daughter
who
has
a
great
gift
for
singing.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Who
is
the
old
man
surrounding
by
a
group
of
children
on
the
playground?
surrounding→surrounded
2．The
faces
of
four
famous
American
presidents
on
Mount
Rushmore
can
be
seen
from
distance
of
60
miles.
distance
前加a
3．They
went
board
the
ship
just
before
it
started
to
leave.
went后加on
4．Rather
than
to
stay
at
home，I'd
prefer
to
be
a
volunteer.
去掉stay前的to
5．The
party
will
be
held
in
the
garden，weather
permits.
permits→permitting
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。
Nowadays
some
teenagers
prefer
to
chat
with
strangers
online
rather
than
talk
with
their
parents
face
to
face．
2．在你周围能给你提供帮助的人会非常有益。Surrounding
yourself
with
people
who'll
provide
you
with
support
can
be
very
beneficial.
3．一个人不论他生活中的日程有多么满，总是能设法做更多的事情。
One
can
always
manage
to
do
more
things，no
matter
how
full
one's
schedule
is
in
life.
4．我们已经邀请了100多位科学家参加这次会议，他们中的多数都获得过国际大奖。(独立主格结构)
We
have
invited
more
than
100
scientists
to
the
meeting，most
of
them
having
won
international
prizes.
5．中国的人口比世界上的任何一个国家的人口都多。
The
population
of
China
is
larger
than
that
of
any
other
country
in
the
world.
PAGEUnit
5
Canada
–
“The
True
North”
加拿大西抵太平洋，东迄大西洋，北至北冰洋，南与美国接壤，国土面积约998万平方千米，是世界第二大国，人口约3
500万，首都是渥太华。加拿大是典型的英法双语国家。
Canada，the
second
largest
country
in
the
world，lies
to
the
north
of
the
United
States，on
the
west，the
Pacific，on
the
east，the
Atlantic，on
the
north，the
Arctic
ocean.The
population
of
Canada
is
about
35
million
and
the
capital
is
Ottawa.The
country
covers
about
9，980，000
square
kilometers.
There
are
two
official
languages
spoken
in
Canada:
French
and
English.Many
people
can
speak
both
English
and
French.More
than
60%
of
Canadians
speak
English
as
their
language.About
25%
of
Canadians
speak
French.Today，Chinese
has
become
the
first
inofficial
language
in
Canada.
Canada's
climate
is
not
so
cold
all
year
around
as
some
may
believe.In
winter，temperatures
fall
below
freezing
point
throughout
most
of
Canada.In
summer，the
southern
provinces
often
experience
high
levels
of
temperatures
that
can
reach
over
30℃
regularly.The
weather
in
Canada
is
just
like
the
weather
in
China.It
is
rather
cold
in
the
north
while
it
is
fairly
warm
in
the
south.
As
is
known
to
all，Canada
has
one?third
of
the
world's
supplies
of
fresh
water.It
has
many
great
lakes.There
are
five
great
lakes
in
the
south.And
there
are
many
others，especially
in
the
north.It
is
also
rich
in
natural
resources，such
as
coal，oil，natural
gas
of
which
Canadians
make
use
to
produce
energy.
[阅读障碍词]
1．Pacific
n．太平洋
2．Atlantic
n．大西洋
3．Arctic
adj.北极的
4．inofficial
adj.非官方的
[诱思导读]
阅读短文，判断正误
1．Most
people
only
speak
English
in
Canada.
( )
2．Supplies
of
fresh
water
of
Canada
is
very
rich.
( )
[答案] 1.F 2.T
Ⅰ.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思
( )1.continent
A．vi.&
n．聊天；闲聊
( )2.chat
B．n.洲；大陆
( )3.scenery
C．v.测量；衡量；判定
( )4.surround
D．n.景色；风景
( )5.measure
E．vt.包围；围绕
( )6.aboard
F．n.边界；国界
( )7.within
G．adj.&
adv.向东(的)
( )8.border
H．prep.&
adv.在(船、飞机、火车
或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火
车等)
( )9.baggage
I．prep.在……之内
( )10.eastward
J．n.行李
[答案] 1－5 BADEC 6－10 HIFJG
Ⅱ.选出下列句中词组的汉语意思
A.因……而著名 B.看见 C.设法做 D.定居 E.与其；不愿 F.有……天赋
( )1.Samuel
planned
to
be
a
lawyer
rather
than
a
musician.
( )2.After
John
came
back
from
abroad，he
decided
to
settle
down
in
his
hometown.
( )3.He
managed
to
get
the
work
done
without
any
help.
( )4.I
was
wandering
in
the
street
when
I
caught
sight
of
Tom
chatting
with
a
girl.
( )5.Stephen
Hawking
is
famous
for
his
work
on
the
theory
of
black
holes.
( )6.The
musician
likes
the
boy
who
has
a
gift
for
music
very
much.
[答案] 1－6 EDCBAF
A
TRIP
ON
“THE
TRUE
NORTH”
Li
Daiyu
and
her
cousin
Liu
Qian
were
on
a
trip
to①
Canada
to
visit
their
cousins
in
Montreal
on
the
Atlantic
coast.Rather
than
take
the
aeroplane
all
the
way，they
decided
to
fly
to
Vancouver
and
then
take
the
train
from
west
to
east
across
Canada.The
thought
that
they
could
cross
the
whole
continent
was
exciting②.
“真北方”之旅
李黛予和她的表妹刘倩要去加拿大大西洋海岸的蒙特利尔市看望她们的表兄妹。她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华，再从西海岸乘火车横穿加拿大到达东海岸。要横贯整个大陆的想法很是令人兴奋。
[助读讲解] ①be
on
a
trip
to去……旅行。②that引导同位语从句，说明thought的具体内容。
Their
friend，Danny
Lin，was
waiting
at
the
airport.He
was
going
to
take
them
and
their
baggage
to
catch
“The
True
North”，the
cross?Canada
train.On
the
way
to
the
station，he
chatted
about
their
trip.“You're
going
to
see
some
great
scenery.Going
eastward③，you'll
pass
mountains
and
thousands
of
lakes
and
forests，as
well
as
wide
rivers
and
large
cities.Some
people
have
the
idea
that
you
can
cross
Canada
in
less
than
five
days，but
they
forget
the
fact
that
Canada
is
5，500
kilometres
from
coast
to
coast.Here
in
Vancouver，you're
in
Canada's
warmest
part.People
say
it
is
Canada's
most
beautiful
city，surrounded
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean④.
Skiing
in
the
Rocky
Mountains
and
sailing
in
the
harbour(海港)
make
Vancouver
one
of
Canada's
most
popular
cities
to
live
in⑤.
Its
population
is
increasing
rapidly.The
coast
north
of
Vancouver
has
some
of
the
oldest
and
most
beautiful
forests
in
the
world.It
is
so
wet
there
that
the
trees
are
extremely
tall，some
measuring
over
90
metres.”
她们的朋友林丹尼正在机场等候她们。他要带着她们和她们的行李去火车站乘坐横越加拿大的“真北方”号列车。在去火车站的路上，林丹尼聊起了她们的旅程。“你们沿途将会看到美丽壮阔的风景。一路向东行，你会经过一座座山脉，上千个湖泊、森林，还有宽阔的河流和许多大城市。有些人认为在不到5天的时间里就能穿越加拿大，但是他们忘记了这样一个事实：加拿大从东海岸到西海岸共有5
500公里。这儿，温哥华，是加拿大最温暖的地方。人们说温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。落基山脉可以滑雪，海港供你扬帆，这些使得温哥华成为加拿大最受欢迎的居住城市之一。这个城市的人口增长很快。在温哥华北面的海岸上保存着世界上最古老、最美丽的森林。那儿的湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，有些经测量高达90多米。”
[助读讲解] ③现在分词短语going
eastward作时间状语。④surrounded
by...作定语，修饰city，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。⑤“one
of...”作宾语补足语。此处to
live
in作定语，修饰cities。
That
afternoon
aboard
the
train⑥，the
cousins
settled
down(平静下来)
in
their
seats.Earlier
that
day，when
they
crossed
the
Rocky
Mountains，they
managed
to
catch
sight
of
some
mountain
goats
and
even
a
grizzly(灰熊)
bear
and
an
eagle(鹰)．Their
next
stop
was
Calgary，which
is
famous
for
the
Calgary
Stampede(大西部赛马会)⑦.Cowboys
from
all
over
the
world
come
to
compete
in
the
Stampede.Many
of
them
have
a
gift
for
riding
wild
horses
and
can
win
thousands
of
dollars
in
prizes.
那天下午表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。那天早些时候，当她们穿越落基山脉时，她们总算见到了野山羊，甚至还看到了一只大灰熊和一只鹰。她们的下一站就是卡尔加里，这个城市因“大西部赛马会”而闻名。来自世界各地的牛仔们来参加赛马会比赛。他们中许多人都有骑野马的才能，他们能赢得几千美元的奖金。
[助读讲解] ⑥aboard
the
train登上火车。⑦which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Calgary。
After
two
days'
travel，the
girls
began
to
realize
that
Canada
is
quite
empty.At
school，they
had
learned
that
most
Canadians
live
within
a
few
hundred
kilometres
of
the
USA
border，and
that
Canada's
population
is
only
slightly(稍稍)
over
thirty
million，but
now
they
were
amazed
to
see
such
an
empty
country.They
went
through⑧
a
wheat?growing
province
and
saw
farms
that
covered
thousands
of
acres(英亩)．After
dinner，they
were
back
in
an
urban(城市的)
area，the
busy
port
city
of
Thunder
Bay
at
the
top
of
the
Great
Lakes.The
girls
were
surprised
at
the
fact
that
ocean
ships
can
sail
up
the
Great
Lakes⑨.Because
of
the
Great
Lakes，they
learned，Canada
has
more
fresh
water
than
any
other
country
in
the
world.In
fact，it
has
one?third
of
the
world's
total
fresh
water，and
much
of
it
is
in
the
Great
Lakes.
That
night
as
they
slept⑩，the
train
rushed
across
the
top
of
Lake
Superior，through
the
great
forests
and
southward
towards
Toronto.
两天以后，她们开始意识到加拿大人烟稀少。在学校，她们学过大多数加拿大人居住在靠近美国几百公里以内的边境地带，加拿大的人口也只有三千万多一点儿。但现在看到这么空旷的国家，她们很惊讶。火车穿过一个种植小麦的省份，她们看到了面积有数千英亩的农场。晚饭后，她们又回到城市，位于五大湖区最北端的繁忙的港口桑德湾。海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。她们知道，因为五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他国家都要多。事实上，加拿大拥有世界三分之一的淡水量，其中大部分都蓄在五大湖里。
那天夜里她们睡着了，火车越过苏必利尔湖北部，穿过大森林，朝南向多伦多飞驰着。
[助读讲解] ⑧go
through“穿过”。⑨that引导同位语从句，说明fact的具体内容。⑩as
they
slept是as引导的时间状语从句。
第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
Ⅰ.速读P34教材课文，匹配段落大意/选择最佳答案
1．Para.1
A．The
train
rushed
towards
Toronto.
2．Para.2
B．Li
Daiyu
and
her
cousin
were
on
a
trip
to
Canada.
3．Para.3
C．Canada's
border，population，
agriculture
and
lakes.
4．Para.4
D．Talking
something
about
Vancouver－its
position，scenery，
population，etc.
5．Para.5
E．Calgary
is
famous
for
the
Calgary
Stampede.
[答案] 1－5 BDECA
6．What
does
the
passage
tell
us?
A．The
scenery
of
Canada.
B．A
trip
of
two
girls
and
some
information
about
Canada.
C．The
population
of
Canada.
D．Some
cities
of
Canada.
[答案] B
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P34教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Why
are
the
cousins
not
flying
direct
to
the
Atlantic
coast?
A．Because
they
have
not
so
much
money.
B．Because
they
want
to
take
the
train
to
have
a
good
view
of
Canada.
C．The
aeroplane
is
so
fast.
D．The
distance
from
the
west
coast
to
the
east
isn't
so
long.
2．What
makes
Vancouver
so
special?
A．It
is
surrounded
by
mountains
on
the
north
and
east.
B．It
is
surrounded
by
the
Pacific
Ocean
on
the
south.
C．Its
population
is
decreasing
very
rapidly.
D．People
can
ski
in
the
Rocky
Mountains
and
sail
in
the
harbour.
3．What
do
cowboys
do
in
the
Calgary
Stampede?
A．They
have
a
gift
for
riding
wild
horses
and
win
thousands
of
dollars
in
prizes.
B．They
were
dancing
with
wild
animals.
C．They
came
here
to
show
their
beauty
and
win
the
heart
of
girls.
D．They
hunt
for
mountain
goats
and
grizzly
bears.
4．Which
sentence
about
Canada
is
NOT
true?
A．Vancouver
is
the
warmest
part
of
Canada.
B．Canada
is
bigger
than
America
and
is
the
second
largest
country
in
the
world.
C．People
can
cross
Canada
in
less
than
five
days.
D．Most
Canadians
live
within
a
few
hundred
kilometres
of
the
USA
border.
[答案] 1－4 BDAC
第三步 研读——能力升华，接轨高考
根据P34课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Li
Daiyu
and
Liu
Qian
were
1.on
a
trip
across
Canada.Instead
of
taking
the
aeroplane
all
2.the
way，they
would
cross
Canada
by
train
after
arriving
in
Vancouver
by
air.Canada
is
the
second
3.largest(large)
country
in
the
world.It
is
5，500
kilometres
from
coast
to
coast.As
they
went
eastward，they
4.saw(see)
beautiful
scenery，as
well
as
large
cities.Vancouver
5.is
surrounded(surround)
by
mountains
and
the
Pacific
Ocean.6.Having
settled(settle)
down
in
their
train
seats，they
looked
out
of
the
window
at
some
mountain
goats
and
a
grizzly
bear
7.and
an
eagle.They
went
by
the
city
of
Calgary.It
is
famous
for
the
Calgary
Stampede.Many
of
the
cowboys
8.taking(take)
part
in
the
9.competition(compete)
there
have
a
gift
for
riding
horses.Then
they
arrived
in
Thunder
Bay，a
city
at
the
top
of
the
Great
Lakes，and
learned
even
more
about
Canada
and
its
natural
10.resources(resource)．
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