必修5
Unit1
Great
Scientists
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
characteristic
n.
特征；特性
radium
n.
镭
analyse
vt.
分析
infect
vt.
传染；感染
infectious
adj.
传染的
physician
n.
医生；内科医师
deadly
adj.
致命的
victim
n.
受害者
suspect
vt.
怀疑n.
被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
enquiry
n.
询问
clue
adj.
线索；提示
pump
n.
泵；抽水机
vt.(用泵)抽(水)
foresee
vt.
预见；预知
investigate
vt.
&vi.
调查
investigation
n.
调查
certainty
n.
确信；确实
firework
n.
烟火(燃放)
chart
n.
图表
movement
n.
移动；运动；动作
backward
adv.
&adj.
向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)
privately
adv.
私下地；秘密地
spin
vi.
&vt.
(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
neighbourhood
n.
附近；邻近
severe
adj.
严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
二星写作词汇
handle
n.
柄；把手vt.
处理；操纵
link
vt.&
n.
连接；联系
enthusiastic
adj.
热情的；热心的
universe
n.
宇宙；世界
painter
n.
画家；油漆匠
paint
n.
油漆；颜料
v.
油漆；给……刷上；画(图画)
scientific
adj.
科学的
science
n.
科学；技术；学科
scientist
n.
科学家
expert
adj.
熟练的；经验或知识丰富的
n.
专家；行家
challenge
n.
挑战vt.
向……挑战challenging
adj.
挑战的；具有挑战性的
pollute
vt.
污染；弄脏pollution
n.
污染；污染物
announce
vt.
宣布；通知
announcement
n.
公告；宣告；发表；通告
instruct
vt.
命令；指示；教导
instruction
n.
指令，命令；指示；用法说明(常用复数)
responsible
adj.
有责任的；负责的
responsibility
n.
责任，职责；义务
construct
vt.
建设；修建construction
n.
建设；建筑物
creative
adj.
有创造力的；创造性的；独创的
create
vt.
创造，创作
positive
adj.
积极的；肯定的；确实的反义词：negative
adj.消极的；否定的；阴性的
cautious
adj.
小心的；谨慎的caution
n.
小心，谨慎
reject
vt.
拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection
n.
抛弃；拒绝
三星高频词汇
attend
vt.
照顾；护理；出席；参加
expose
vt.
暴露；揭露；使曝光
cure
n.
治愈；痊愈vt.
治愈；治疗
absorb
vt.
吸收；吸引；使专心
defeat
vt.
打败；战胜；使受挫
n.
失败
blame
vt.
责备；谴责n.过失；责备
conclude
vt.
&
vi.
结束；推断出conclusion
n.
结论；结束
contribute
vt.
&
vi.
捐献；贡献；捐助
contribution
n.
贡献；捐献；投稿
【短语巧记】
put
forward
提出
draw
a
conclusion
提出结论
expose…to
使显露；暴露；使...接触到...
link…to…
将…和…联系或连接起来
apart
from
除……之外；此外
(be)
strict
with…
对…严格的
make
sense
讲得通；有意义
make
sense
of
理解；弄懂；明白
be
to
blame
应受责备；应负责任
be
absorbed
in
专心于；全神贯注于
be
enthusiastic
about
热衷于，对…充满热情
be
expert
at
擅长
look
into
调查
cure
sb
of
治好某人某病；纠正某人恶习
contribute
to
有助于；捐献；带来，促成；投稿
under
construction
正在建设中
【联想法巧记词语】
1.
“be+v.-ed+to(介词)”型短语
①be
linked
to
与……连接
②be
related
to
与……有关
③be
exposed
to
暴露于;遭受
④be
devoted
to
致力于;忠诚于
⑤be
attached
to
附属于;喜欢;依恋
⑥be
addicted
to
沉溺于;对……上瘾
2.
“观点；态度”的高频形容词
①positive
积极的
②negative
消极的
③subjective
主观的
④objective
客观的
⑤doubtful
怀疑的
⑥critical
批评的
【语法速递】
1.
But
he
became
inspired
(inspire)
when
he
thought
about
helping
ordinary
people
exposed
(expose)
to
cholera.
2.
From
the
stomach
the
disease
quickly
attacked
the
body
and
soon
the
affected
(affect)
person
died.
3.
He
found
that
it
came
from
the
river
polluted
(pollute)
by
the
dirty
water
from
London.
4.
So
between
1510
and
1514
he
worked
on
it,
gradually
improving
(improve)
his
theory
until
he
felt
it
was
complete.
5.
It
seemed
that
the
water
was
to
blame
(blame).
6.
First
he
marked
on
a
map
the
exact
places
where
all
the
dead
people
had
lived.
7.
He
placed
a
fixed
(fix)
sun
at
the
centre
of
the
solar
system
with
the
planets
going
(go)
round
it
and
only
the
moon
still
going
(go)
round
the
earth.
【典句仿写】
1.
neither...
nor...连接两个并列的句子成分
【课文原句】Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
【仿写】Dr.
Yuan
cares
neither
fame
nor
money,
and
he
only
cares
about
his
research.
袁博士既不在意名声也不在乎金钱，他只关心他的研究。
2.
every
time作连词，引导时间状语从句
【课文原句】So
many
thousands
of
terrified
people
died
every
time
there
was
an
outbreak.所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
【仿写】
Every
time
I
looked
into
her
eyes,
I
could
feel
the
deep
love,
gratitude
and
trust.
每次看着她的眼睛，我都能感受到深深的爱、感激和信任。
3.
“only＋状语”位于句首时主句谓语部分倒装
【课文原句】Only
if
you
put
the
sun
there
did
the
movements
of
the
other
planets
in
the
sky
make
sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
【仿写】Only
in
this
way
can
we
make
contributions
to
our
family
and
our
society.
只有用这种方法我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出贡献。
4.
suggest
that…意为“建议……”,
that后的宾语从句用虚拟语气
【课文原句】To
prevent
this
from
happening
again,
John
Snow
suggested
that
the
source
of
all
the
water
supplies
be
examined.为了防止这种情况再度发生,约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
【仿写】The
doctor
suggested
us
that
we
(should)
wear
masks
during
our
study
in
the
school.医生建议我们在校学习期间要带口罩。
5.
have
sth
done
意为“让某事被(别人)做
或
遭遇某种不幸”
【课文原句】A
woman,
who
had
moved
away
from
Broad
Street,
liked
the
water
from
the
pump
so
much
that
she
had
it
delivered
to
her
house
every
day.
【仿写】James
had
planned
to
had
his
hair
cut
today,
but
unfortunately
when
he
was
cleaning
the
window,
he
had
his
finger
cut
and
had
to
give
up
the
plan.
詹姆斯原计划今天去理发，但不幸的是今天打扫窗户时把手指割伤了，只好取消了原计划。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
conclude
vt.
&
vi.推断出；结束
(1)
conclude
sth
from…
从……推断出某事
conclude
that
…
推断出……
(2)
arrive
at/come
to/draw/reach
a
conclusion
得出结论
in
conclusion
最后；总之
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He
concluded
from
their
remarks
that
they
were
not
in
favour
of
the
plan.
②This
contest
will
last
one
and
a
half
months,
concluding
(conclude)
at
the
middle
of
December.
③In
conclusion,
walking
is
a
cheap,
safe,
enjoyable
and
readily
available
form
of
exercise.
(2)一句多译
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：“有志者，事竟成。”
①I
have
concluded
from
my
own
experiences
that
“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.”
②
I
have
drawn
a
conclusion
from
my
own
experiences
that
“Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.”
2.
attend
vt.照顾；出席；护理
(1)
attend
to
处理；照顾；接待
attend
(on/upon)
sb
伺候某人；照顾某人
(2)
attend
a
lecture/funeral/wedding
听讲座/参加葬礼/参加婚礼
attend
school
上学
【名师点拨】“照顾某人”用法：
①attend
on
sb
②look
after
sb
③take
care
of
sb
④watch
over
sb
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中attend的含义
①【2019北京卷】Students
should
have
a
proper
attitude
towards
college
before
thinking
about
which
college
to
attend.
上(学)
②I
can’t
go
out
with
you
tonight
because
I
have
an
urgent
thing
to
attend
to.
处理
③Devoted
to
her
work,
she
had
no
time
to
attend
(on)
her
children.
照顾；护理
(2)
单句填空
①There
were
lots
of
people
attending
(attend)
the
party,
some
of
whom
I
hadn’t
seen
before.
②Don’t
try
to
call
John
at
11:30
tomorrow
morning
because
he
will
be
attending
(attend)
class
at
that
time.
③They
flew
there
in
order
that
they
might
be
in
time
to
attend
(attend)
the
opening
ceremony.
(3)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅲ书面表达】我非常荣幸地邀请您参加6月5日下午2：00在我们学校礼堂举行的音乐节。
I’m
greatly
honored
to
invite
you
to
attend
a
music
festival
to
be
held
in
our
school
hall
on
June
5
at
2：00
pm.
3.
expose
vt.
暴露;揭露;使曝光
(1)
expose...
to...
暴露……给……；使……接触……
expose
oneself
to...
使自己暴露于……
(2)
be
exposed
to
遭受到；接触到
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Some
people
think
we
shouldn’t
expose
the
children
to
playing
(play)
computer
games.
②Being
exposed
(expose)
to
strong
sunlight
will
do
harm
to
your
skin.
③The
more
one
is
exposed
(expose)
to
the
English-speaking
environment,
the
better
he
or
she
will
learn
the
language.
④The
soil
was
washed
away
by
the
flood,
exposing
(expose)
bare
rocks.
⑤Don’t
expose
your
skin
to
sunlight
directly,
or
you
will
get
sunburnt.
(2)微写作
【2018北京卷书面表达】为了让外国学生体验中国茶文化，我们把他们带到我们学校的品茶室。
In
order
to
expose
international
students
to
our
tea
culture,
we
took
them
to
the
tea
room
in
our
school.
4.
absorb
vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握
(1)
absorb
one’s
attention
吸引某人的注意力
absorb...
into...
把……吸收进……
(2)
absorbed
adj.全神贯注的
(be)
absorbed
in...
全神贯注于……
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中absorb的含义
①A
good
book
can
absorb
our
attention
so
completely
that
we
forget
our
surroundings.
吸引
②After
absorbing
enough
water,
the
plants
grow
well.
吸收
③I
keep
the
lesson
simple
because
the
students
can’t
absorb
that
much.
理解
④However,
when
something
did
interest
me,
I
could
become
absorbed.
使专心
(2)单句填空
①Though
it
was
midnight,
she
found
her
daughter
completely
absorbed
(absorb)
in
her
homework.
②When
he
came
back
3
hours
later,
they
were
still
sitting
on
the
sofa,
absorbing
(absorb)
themselves
in
conversation.
③He
was
so
absorbed
in
the
research
that
he
had
not
time
left
for
recreational
activities.
(3)一句多译
汤姆那么专心于工作以至于他忘记告知我会议的时间。(absorb)
①Tom
was
absorbed
in
his
work,
so
he
forgot
to
inform
me
of
the
time
of
the
meeting.
②Absorbing
himself
in
his
work,
Tom
forgot
to
inform
me
of
the
time
of
the
meeting.
(现在分词作状语)
③Absorbed
in
his
work,
Tom
forgot
to
inform
me
of
the
time
of
the
meeting.
(过去分词作状语)
5.
cure
n.
治疗;治愈
vt.治愈;消除(弊病等);纠正
(1)
a
cure
for…
……的治疗方法；解决……的措施
(2)
cure
sb
of
sth
治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的不良行为
(1)单句填空
①His
life’s
work
centered
in
the
search
for
a
cure
for
the
terrible
disease.
②Many
bad
habits
can
be
very
difficult
to
cure
(cure)
because
they’re
likely
to
have
been
formed
at
a
very
young
age.
③As
a
means
of
curing
(cure)
people
of
diseases,
Chinese
herbal
medicine
has
been
gradually
recognized
by
westerners.
④Due
to
the
development
of
modern
medical
technology,
doctors
are
now
able
to
cure
people
of
many
diseases
(治好人们许多疾病)
which
in
former
times
would
have
killed
them.
6.
blame
vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
n．过失；责备
blame
sb
for
sth
因某事而责备某人
blame
sth
on
sb
把某事怪到某人头上
be
to
blame
应受责备；应负责任
【名师点拨】be
to
blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。
(1)单句填空
①The
bank
manager
was
really
to
blame
(blame),
though
he
tried
to
pin
it
on
a
clerk.
②His
companion,
blamed
(blame)
for
the
accident,
had
not
been
driving
carefully.
③Health
officials
put
the
blame
for
the
disease
on
poor
housing
conditions.
④In
my
opinion,
the
polluted
air
should
be
to
blame
(blame)
for
some
deadly
diseases.
(2)一句多译
因为被指责要为学校电脑网络的崩溃负责，艾丽斯的情绪很低落。
①Alice
was
in
low
spirits
because
she
was
blamed
for
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network.
(状语从句)
②Blamed
for
the
breakdown
of
the
school
computer
network,
Alice
was
in
low
spirits.
(分词作状语)
7.
contribute
v.
贡献；投稿;捐献/助;有助于
(1)
contribute...
to...
把……贡献给……；将......投稿给
contribute
to...
导致……；向……投稿；有助于……
(2)
contribution
n.贡献；捐款；稿件
make
contributions/a
contribution
to...
对……做出贡献
【名师点拨】表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有：cause,
lead
to,
result
in,
bring
about等。
(1)单句填空
①He
made
a
voluntary
contribution
(contribute)
to
the
cost
of
building
a
school
so
that
those
poor
children
could
get
education.
②Besides,
consulting
our
teachers
can
contribute
to
solving
(solve)
the
problems.
③To
contribute
(contribute)
to
the
victims
in
the
mudflow-stricken
areas,
you
can
contact
the
local
charity
groups.
④Mr.
Reed
makes
up
his
mind
to
contribute
all
he
has
to
setting
(set)
up
some
schools
for
poor
children.
⑤In
conclusion,
everyone
should
make
contributions
(contribute)
to
protecting
the
environment.
(2)微写作
①【2018北京卷书面表达】总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。
In
conclusion,
I
was
proud
of
making
great
contributions
to
spreading
Chinese
culture.
②诚实和苦干是美德,有助于成功和幸福。
Honesty
and
hard
work
are
good
virtues,
which
contribute
to
success
and
happiness.
(定语从句)
Honesty
and
hard
work
are
good
virtues,
contributing
to
success
and
happiness.
(分词作状语)
【常考短语】
1.
put
forward
提出(建议)；推荐；将……提前；将(钟表等)向前拨
put
aside
节省；储蓄；储存
put
away
放好；积蓄
put
off
延期；推迟
put
on
穿上；上演
put
out
熄灭；生产
put
up
举起；张贴；公布；挂起；建造
put
up
with
忍受；容忍
put
down
写出；记下
【活学活用】
(1)用put
短语填空
①It
was
the
great
physicist
Albert
Einstein
who
put
forward
the
theory
of
special
relativity.
②Why
we
decided
to
put
off
the
meeting
was
that
our
headmaster
hadn’t
come
back
from
Beijing.
③I
can
put
up
with
the
house
being
untidy,
but
I
hate
it
if
it’s
not
clean.
④First
he
opened
a
shop
and
then
he
put
up
a
sign
outside
the
shop
to
attract
customers.
(2)一句多译
他在会上提出了一个解决难题的好主意。
①He
came
up
with
a
good
idea
to
solve
the
difficult
problem
at
the
meeting.
②He
put
forward
a
good
idea
to
solve
the
difficult
problem
at
the
meeting.
2.
make
sense
有意义;有道理;讲得通
(1)
make
sense
of
理解；明白
make
no
sense
没道理；没意义；讲不通
(2)
There
is
no
sense
in
doing
sth
做……没道理
a
sense
of
humour/direction/achievement
幽默感/方向感/成就感
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①This
sentence
just
doesn’t
make
sense,
no
matter
how
you
read
it.
②As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
there
is
no
sense
in
getting
(get)
upset
about
it
now.
(2)词汇升级
There
are
so
many
new
words
in
the
passage
that
I
could
hardly
understand
them
at
all.
There
are
so
many
new
words
in
the
passage
that
I
could
hardly
make
sense
of
them
at
all.
(3)一句多译
你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱而买最便宜牌子的电脑毫无意义可言。
①Your
computer
has
broken
down
again!
It
doesn’t
make
sense
to
buy
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
(it作形式主语)
②Your
computer
has
broken
down
again!
There
is
no
sense
in
buying
the
cheapest
brand
of
computer
just
to
save
a
few
dollars.
(there
be句型)
【必备句型】
1.
Neither
its
cause
nor
its
cure
was
understood.
人们既不知道其起因，也不知道它的治疗方法。
【名师点拨】句型公式：neither...
nor...既不……也不……
(1)
neither...
nor...既不…也不…，连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。
(2)
遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词：
(either)...
or...
不是……就是……；要么......，要么......
not
only...
but
also...
不仅……而且……
not...
but...
不是……而是……
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Last
year,
neither
the
experts
nor
the
physician
was
(be)
enthusiastic
about
the
cure
for
the
severe
disease.
②Not
only
I
but
also
Jane
and
Mary
are
(be)
tired
of
having
one
examination
after
another.
③Either
you
or
one
of
your
students
is
(be)to
attend
the
meeting
that
is
due
tomorrow.
④Either
her
father
or
her
mother
picks
her
up
home
every
afternoon
on
Fridays.
⑤What
my
father
often
tells
me
is
that
what
makes
a
girl
shine
is
not
her
looks
but
her
personality.
(2)句式升级
①The
teacher
is
not
content
with
the
result.
The
students
are
not
content
with
the
result.
Neither
the
teacher
nor
the
students
are
content
with
the
result.
②Theory
couldn’t
do
without
practice,
and
practice
couldn’t
do
without
theory.
Neither
could
theory
do
without
practice,
nor
could
practice
do
without
theory.
2.
So
many
thousands
of
terrified
people
died
every
time
there
was
an
outbreak.
所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。
句型公式：every
time引导时间状语从句
(1)名词词组作连词，引导时间状语从句：
each
time
每当……的时候
the＋序数词＋time
第……次
the＋瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant)
一……就……
next
time...
下次……
the＋last
time...
上次
(2)
directly,
instantly,
immediately
conj.意为
“一……就……”
(3)
介词on/upon
+
arriving/returning/hearing等意为
“一……就……”
【活学活用】
(1)补全句子
①
I
think
of
the
happy
hours
we
spent
together
every
time/each
time
I
see
these
photos.
(每当看到这些照片)
②Be
careful!
The
machine
starts
the
moment/the
second/the
instant/immediately/instantly
you
press
the
button
(你一按按钮……就).
③On
hearing
(一听说)
that
the
novel
was
published,
he
rushed
at
once
to
the
bookshop
for
a
copy.
④Every/Each
time
I
hear
the
English
song
(每次我听到这首英语歌曲),
I
can’t
help
thinking
of
my
friend
Anna.
⑤The
first
time
I
walked
into
the
library
(我第一次走进图书馆),
I
was
greatly
impressed
by
so
many
books.
(2)一句多译
他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时，就感兴趣。
①He
became
interested
in
the
young
teacher’s
lesson
the
first
time
he
attended
her
class.
②He
became
interested
in
the
young
teacher’s
lesson
when
he
attended
her
class
for
the
first
time.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020全国I卷语法填空】In
ancient
China
lived
an
artist.
whose
paintings
(paint)
were
almost
lifelike.
②【2019全国I卷】
When
he
brings
his
speech
to
a
nice
conclusion
(conclude),
Whaley
invites
the
rest
of
the
class
to
praise
him.
③【2020全国I卷】The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off
“switch”
where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
(expose)
to
daylight.
④【2018江苏卷书面表达】It’s
unwise
for
us
to
blame
the
increase
of
ratings
on
high
consumption.
⑤【2017江苏卷】Located
where
the
Belt
meets
the
Road,
Jiangsu
will
contribute
more
to
the
Belt
and
Road
construction.
⑥【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】This
switch
has
decreased
pollution
(pollute)
in
the
country’s
major
lakes
and
reservoirs
and
made
drinking
water
safer
for
people.
⑦【2018全国Ⅱ卷】It’s
more
likely
that
none
of
us
start
a
conversation
because
it’s
awkward
and
challenging
(challenge),
or
we
think
it’s
annoying
and
unnecessary.
⑧【2017全国Ⅲ卷】He
said
the
lucky
woman
would
be
announced
(announce)
on
the
website
and
the
trip
would
be
shared
online.
⑨【2017全国Ⅲ卷书面表达】I’m
sure
it
will
appeal
to
you,
for
you’ve
been
enthusiastic
about
sports.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020新高考全国I卷读后续写】
After
that,
he
did
not
only
sell
popcorn,
but
he
also
added
cream
and
salt
to
the
popcorn
to
make
it
taste
better.
After
that,
not
only
did
he
sell
popcorn,
but
he
also
added
cream
and
salt
to
the
popcorn
to
make
it
taste
better.
(用倒装句来升级)
②【2020浙江卷书面表达】
As
soon
as
we
finished
the
song,
all
the
audience
gave
us
warm
applause.
The
instant
we
finished
the
song,
all
the
audience
gave
us
warm
applause.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假定你是李华，你校将举办一场学习活动，邀请本市一位著名科学家来校作报告，请你写一则通知，内容包括：
①活动时间和地点
②活动内容
③参与人员
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①为了帮助同学们了解伟大的科学家们的成长故事，我们学校将于10月19日下午2点到4点在学校礼堂举办一场学习活动。
To
help
students
learn
about
the
growth
stories
of
great
scientists,
our
school
will
hold
a
learning
activity
in
the
school
hall
from
2:00
pm
to
4:00
pm
on
October19th.
②我市一位著名的科学家将作一场报告，我们能从中了解到他是如何成为一名科学家的以及他在科学上的成就。
A
lecture
will
be
given
by
a
famous
scientist
in
our
city,
and
from
it
we
can
know
how
he
became
a
scientist
and
his
achievements
in
science.
③我们还将观看其他著名科学家的视频以便我们能懂得从他们身上可以学到什么样的优秀品质。
We’ll
watch
a
video
about
other
famous
scientists
so
that
we
can
understand
what
fine
qualities
we
can
learn
from
them.
④我们将和那位著名的科学家面对面的谈谈我们的梦想。
We
will
have
a
face-to-face
talk
with
the
famous
scientist
about
our
dream.
⑤任何对报告感兴趣的同学都欢迎参加。
Anyone
who
is
interested
in
the
lecture
is
welcome
to
take
part.
⑥我真的相信我们将一起度过一段有意义的时间。
I
do
believe
that
we
will
have
a
meaningful
time
together.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用“介词+which”引导的定语从句升级句②
A
lecture
will
be
given
by
a
famous
scientist
in
our
city,
from
which
we
can
know
how
he
became
a
scientist
and
his
achievements
in
science.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
To
help
students
learn
about
the
growth
stories
of
great
scientists,
our
school
will
hold
a
learning
activity
in
the
school
hall
from
2:00
pm
to
4:00
pm
on
October19th.
To
begin
with,
a
lecture
will
be
given
by
a
famous
scientist
in
our
city,
from
which
we
can
know
how
he
became
a
scientist
and
his
achievements
in
science.
Next,
we
will
watch
a
video
about
other
famous
scientists
so
that
we
can
understand
what
fine
qualities
we
can
learn
from
them.
In
the
end,
we
will
have
a
face-to-face
talk
with
the
famous
scientist
about
our
dream.
Anyone
who
is
interested
in
the
lecture
is
welcome
to
take
part.
I
do
believe
that
we
will
have
a
meaningful
time
together.必修5
Unit2
The
United
Kingdom
导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
kingdom
n.
王国
province
n.
省；行政区
union
n.
联合；联盟；结合；协会
currency
n.
货币；通货
institution
n.
制度；机制；公共机构
educational
adj.
教育的
nationwide
adj.
全国性的；全国范围的
historical
adj.
历史(上)的；有关历史的
architecture
n.
建筑学；建筑艺术
administration
n.
管理；行政部门
port
n.
港口(城市)
countryside
n.
乡下；农村
description
n.
描写；描述
fax
n.
传真(机)
vt.
用传真传输(文件)
sightseeing
n.
观光；游览
wedding
n.
婚礼
alike
adj.
相同的；类似的
royal
adj.
王室的；皇家的；高贵的
uniform
n.
制服
statue
n.
塑像；雕像
communism
n.
共产主义
original
adj.
最初的；原始的；独创的；
pot
n.
罐；壶
tense
n.
时态
二星写作词汇
unite
vi.
&
vt.
联合；团结
clarify
vt.
澄清；阐明
accomplish
vt.
完成；达到；实现
conflict
n.
矛盾；冲突
error
n.
错误；过失；谬误
credit
n.
信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
quarrel
n.
争吵;争论;吵架vi.
争吵;吵架
splendid
adj.
壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的
plus
prep.
加上；和
adj.
加的；正的；零上的
collection
n.
收藏品；珍藏；收集collect
vt.
收集；募捐
unwilling
adj.
不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)反义：willing
adj.
乐意的；自愿的；心甘情愿的
rough
adj.
粗糙的；粗暴的roughly
adv.
粗略地；粗糙地
enjoyable
adj.
令人愉快的；使人高兴的enjoy
vt.
欣赏，享受；喜爱
possibility
n.
可能(性)
possible
adj.
可能的；合理的；合适的
fold
vt.
折叠；对折
反义：
unfold
vt.
打开；呈现
vi.
展开；显露
thrill
vt.
使激动；使胆战心惊thrilled
adj.
非常兴奋的；极为激动的
thrilling
adj.
毛骨悚然的；令人兴奋的；颤动的
三星高频词汇
consist
vi.
组成；在于；一致consistent
adj.
一致的
convenience
n.
便利；方便
convenient
adj.
方便的
attract
vt.
吸引；引起...注意
attractive
adj.
吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的
attraction
n.
吸引，吸引力；引力；吸引人的事物
opportunity
n.
机会；时机
arrange
vt.
筹备；安排；整理
arrangement
n.
布置；整理；准备；安排
delight
n.
快乐；高兴；喜悦
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜delighted
adj.
高兴的；乐意的
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【短语巧记】
consist
of/
be
made
up
of
由……组成
divide…into
把……分成
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
take
the
place
of
代替
break
down
(机器)损坏；破坏
refer
to
参考；查阅；指的是；涉及；谈到；认为
make
a
list
of
列……的清单
have
an
influence
on/upon对……有影响
leave
for
动身前往
to
one’s
surprise
让某人吃惊的是
in
memory
of
为了纪念
be
unwilling
to
do
不乐意做；不愿做
was
thrilled
by/at
对……激动不已
to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下
【联想法巧记单词短语】
1.“to
one’s＋n.”必备短语荟萃
①to
one’s
credit
为……带来荣誉
②to
one’s
astonishment
令某人惊奇的是
③to
one’s
delight/joy
令某人高兴的是
④to
one’s
disappointment令某人失望的是
⑤to
one’s
regret
使某人感到遗憾的是
⑥to
one’s
shame
使某人惭愧的是
2.
前缀a?高频表语形容词大全
①alike
相同的；类似的
②asleep
睡着的
③alive
活的；有活力的
④awake
醒着的
⑤afraid
害怕的
⑥ashamed
羞愧的
【语法速递】
To
her
great
surprise,
Zhang
Pingyu
found
the
Queen’s
jewels
guarded
(guard)
by
special
royal
soldiers.
Then
just
as
she
came
out
of
the
abbey,
Pingyu
heard
the
famous
sound
of
the
clock,
Big
Ben,
ringing
(ring)
out
the
hour.
When
she
saw
many
visitors
enjoying
(enjoy)
looking
at
the
beautiful
old
Chinese
pots
and
other
objects
on
show,
she
felt
very
proud
of
her
country.
It
passes
through
Greenwich,
so
Pingyu
had
a
photo
taken
(take)
standing
on
either
side
of
the
line.
It
has
the
oldest
port
built
(build)
by
the
Romans
in
the
first
century
AD,
the
oldest
building
begun
(begin)by
the
Anglo-Saxons
in
the
1060s
and
the
oldest
castle
constructed
(construct)
by
later
Norman
rulers
in
1066.
But
she
was
thrilled
by
so
many
wonderful
treasures
from
different
cultures
displayed
(display)
in
the
museum.
It
seemed
strange
that
the
man
who
had
developed
communism
should
have
lived
(live)
and
died
in
London.
What
interested
her
most
was
the
longitude
line.
【典句仿写】
1.
“keep/make＋宾语＋宾补”
结构
【课文原句】You
must
keep
your
eyes
open
if
you
are
going
to
make
your
trip
to
the
United
Kingdom
enjoyable
and
worthwhile.要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。
【仿写】Keeping
the
environment
clean
and
free
of
pollution
is
the
key
step
to
make
life
healthy.保持环境清洁无污染是让人们生活健康的关键一步。
2.
过去分词(v-ed)短语作状语
【课文原句】Worried
about
the
time
available,
Zhang
Pingyu
had
made
a
list
of
the
sites
she
wanted
to
see
in
London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了清单。
【仿写】Faced
with/Facing
so
many
new
things
to
learn,
I
was
at
a
loss
what
to
do.
面对这么多要学的新东西，不知道该做什么。
3.
状语从句的省略
【课文原句】It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【仿写】【2019北京卷书面表达】
While
picking
watermelons
on
the
farm,
I
realized
the
real
meaning
of
labour.
在农场摘西瓜的时候，我意识到了劳动的真正含义。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
convenience
n.
(不可数)便利；适宜；方便；(可数)便利的事物(或设施)
(1)
for
convenience
为了方便起见
for
the
convenience
of
为了……的方便
at
one’s
convenience
在某人方便的时候
(2)
convenient
adj.方便的；合适的
It
is
convenient
for
sb
to
do
sth
某人方便做某事
(3)
inconvenience
n.不方便；不便
inconvenient
adj.不方便的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①He
used
his
wife’s
birthday
as
a
convenient
(convenience)
excuse
for
not
going
to
the
meeting.
?
②The
airport
is
quite
far
from
the
downtown
area,
but
it
is
still
more
convenient
(convenience)
than
taking
the
train.
③Gas
is
one
of
the
modern
conveniences
(convenient)
the
newly-built
apartment
building
provides.
(2)微写作
【2019全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】如果你方便的话，我们上午8：30在学校门口外面见面。
If
it
is
convenient
for
you,
let’s
meet
at
8：30
a．m.
outside
the
school
gate.
2.
attract
vt.
(to
arouse
interest
or
pleasure
in
sb/sth)吸引；引起注意
(1)
attract
one’s
attention
引起/吸引某人的注意
be
attracted
by
被……迷住,
被……吸引住
(2)
attraction
n.
魅力,吸引力；诱人之处；吸引人的地方/东西
(3)
attractive
adj.迷人的；
有魅力的；
引人注目的
be
attractive
to…
对……有吸引力
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Mountain
Tai
is
known
for
its
fantastic
mountain
scenery,
attracting
(attract)
a
number
of
tourists
at
home
and
abroad.
②He
felt
himself
so
powerfully
attracted
(attract)
to
the
scientific
ideal.
③【2017全国卷Ⅲ】This
attractive
(attract)
tour
takes
you
to
some
of
San
Francisco’s
most
cheerful
holiday
scenes.
④The
Tower
of
London
is
one
of
the
most
popular
tourist
attractions
(attract)
in
London.
(2)微写作
①吸引人们到西湖的是它的自然美景和丰富的文化底蕴。
What
attracts
people
to
the
West
Lake
is
its
beautiful
scenery
and
rich
culture.
②它是维尼吉亚一年一度的传统节日，吸引着来自13个国家的人们。
It’s
an
annual
traditional
festival
in
West
Virginia,
attracting
people
from
13
countries.
3.
arrange
v.
安排；整理；排列；布置
(1)
arrange
to
do
sth
安排做某事
arrange
sth
for
sb
为某人安排某事
arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
安排某人做某事
(2)
arrangement
n.安排；排列；布置
make
arrangements
for…
为……做安排
【名师点拨】
(1)
“安排某人做某事”用arrange
for
sb
to
do
sth
而不用arrange
sb
to
do
sth。
(2)
make
arrangements
(for
sth/for
sb
to
do
sth)中的arrangement
常用复数形式。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①There
is
no
need
to
worry,
Susan.
I
have
arranged
for
a
car
to
meet
your
parents
at
the
airport.
②If
you
are
interested,
please
sign
up
at
the
office
before
5：00
p．m.
next
Thursday
so
that
we
will
make
necessary
arrangements
(arrange)．
③As
previously
arranged
(arrange),
Dr
Baker
is
invited
to
deliver
a
speech
on
education
and
culture
sometime
in
August.
④He
was
surprised
to
find
his
room
thoroughly
cleaned
and
everything
arranged
(arrange)
in
perfect
order.
(2)微写作
①【2018全国Ⅱ卷书面表达】我们已经安排好这部短片将于明天下午四点到五点半在我们学校剧院放映。
We
have
arranged
for
the
short
film
to
be
on
show
from
16：00
to
17：30
at
our
school
theatre
tomorrow.
②父母为孩子们安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。
Parents
arrange
everything
for
their
children
and
spare
no
effort
to
pave
the
way
for
their
success.
③就在记者招待会的前一天,他们安排作者见了一些读者。
It
was
on
the
day
before
the
press
conference
that
they
arranged
for
the
author
to
meet
a
number
of
readers.
4.
delight
vt.
使高兴；使欣喜
n.(不可数)高兴,喜悦；
(可数)乐事
(1)
It
delight
sb
that
…
让某人高兴的是
What
delight
sb
is
that
…
让某人高兴的是
(2)
take
delight
in
以……为乐
with
delight
高兴地；愉快地
to
one’s
delight
使某人高兴的是
It
is
a
delight
to
do…
很愉快/高兴去做某事
It
is
a
delight
that…
……是一件令人愉快/高兴的事
(3)
delighted
adj.
高兴的；快乐的
be
delighted
to
do
很高兴做某事
(4)
delightful
adj.
可爱的，可喜的；讨人喜欢的；令人愉快的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①It
is
a
delight
for
her
to
watch
her
daughter
dance
in
the
show.
②The
volunteers
also
take
delight
in
it,
while
bringing
joy,
care,
help
and
confidence
to
the
children.
③The
children
unwrapped
their
Christmas
presents
with
delight.
④I
am
delighted
to
come
(come)
to
New
York
at
the
beginning
of
New
Year
and
meet
with
you,
friends
both
old
and
new.
⑤What
he
saw
made
him
move
quickly
towards
the
door,
with
a
delighted
(delight)
smile
on
his
face.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国I卷书面表达】很高兴我有此机会给你讲讲一些中国的文化和餐桌礼仪的东西。
①I’m
more
than
delighted
to
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(delighted
adj.)
②Much
to
my
delight
/
To
my
great
delight,
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(to
one’s
delight)
③What
delights
me
greatly
is
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(what引导的主语从句)
④It
delights
me
greatly
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
vt.)
⑤It
is
a
great
delight
that
I
have
such
a
chance
to
tell
you
something
about
Chinese
culture
and
table
manners.
(it作形式主语,
delight
n.)
【常考短语】
1.
consist
of
由……组成
(1)
consist
of
无被动形式，一般不使用进行时态
be
made
up
of
(2)
consist
in＝lie
in
存在于；在于
consist
with
与……一致/相符
(2)
consistent
adj.
一致的；始终如一的
【名师点拨】不能用于被动语态和进行时态的几个常见短语：
consist
of
belong
to
come
into
being
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
company
consisting
(consist)
of
15
small
factories
is
facing
a
serious
financial
crisis.
②Success
consists
in
the
ability
to
continue
efforts
through
failures.
③As
far
as
I
know,
this
club
consists
of
eight
members.
(2)一句多译
【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。
①The
short
film,
consisting
of/made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(分词短语)
②The
short
film,
which
consists
of/is
made
up
of
two
parts,
introduces
the
present
situation
of
our
school.
(定语从句)
2.
leave
out
省去；遗漏；不考虑
be/feel
left
out
被忽视(冷落)；感到被忽视(冷落)
leave…
alone
不管/不顾…；撇下…一个人
leave
behind
超过；离开；遗忘；把…抛在后面
leave
for
动身前往(某处)
leave
aside
搁置一边；不予考虑
【活学活用】
用leave相关短语的适当形式填空
①She
left
out
a
piece
of
important
detail
in
her
report
due
to
insufficient
preparation.
②Because
I
was
in
a
great
hurry,
I
left
my
coat
behind
in
the
bus.
③The
newly
married
couple
are
leaving
for
their
honeymoon.
④He’s
trying
to
pick
a
quarrel；
so
it’s
better
to
leave
him
alone.
⑤She
felt
left
out
because
the
other
children
didn’t
play
with
her.
3.
take
the
place
of代替；取代
(1)
take
place
发生；进行
take
one’s
place
代替某人；某人入座/就位
(2)
in
place
of
代替
in
place
在适当的位置；准备就绪
out
of
place
未在适当的位置；不适当
【名师点拨】表达“代替某人”的动词短语：
①take
the
place
of
sb
②take
sb’s
place
③replace
sb
【活学活用】
(1)用place的相关短语的适当形式填空
①As
a
result
of
the
epidemic,
the
32nd
Summer
Olympics
will
take
place
in
Tokyo
in
2021.
②After
the
dinner,
an
expression
of
thanks
to
the
host
would
be
in
place.
③There
is
a
tendency
that
sending
e-mails
is
taking
the
place
of
writing
letters.
?
④Now,
everybody
take
his
place.
The
show
will
begin
in
a
minute.
⑤Robson
came
on
in
place
of
Wilkins
ten
minutes
before
the
end
of
the
game.
(2)一句多译
经理将要出差，我将代替他参加会议。
①The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
his
place
to
attend
the
meeting.
②The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
take
the
place
of
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
③The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
replace
him
to
attend
the
meeting.
④The
manager
will
be
away
on
business
and
I’ll
attend
the
meeting
in
place
of
him.
4.
break
down
(机器)出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂；(身体)垮掉；分解
break
away
(from)
挣脱(束缚)；脱离
break
in
插嘴；打断
break
into
闯入
break
out
爆发；发生
break
up
驱散；分散；打碎；分手
break
through
突破
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句中break
down的含义
①The
peace
talks
broke
down
with
no
agreement
reached.
(谈判)失败
②Your
health
will
break
down
if
you
always
stay
up
late.
(身体)垮掉
③It
was
bad
luck
that
my
car
broke
down
on
the
way
to
Beijing.
出故障
④Plastic
bags
are
difficult
to
break
down.
分解
(2)用break相关短语的适当形式填空
①I
hear
that
Jim
and
Mary
are
breaking
up.
②Last
night
somebody
broke
into
Mr.
White’s
house
and
took
away
a
lot
of
things.
③Warm
applause
broke
out
after
his
speech.
④The
Chinese
Scientists
have
broken
through
in
the
fight
against
COVID-19.
⑤The
elevator
broke
down
and
we
had
to
walk
up
to
the
tenth
floor.
【必备句型】
1.
Now
when
people
refer
to
England
you
find
Wales
included
as
well.
现在当人们提起英格兰时,你会发现威尔士也被包括在内。
【名师点拨】句型公式：find+宾语+宾补
(1)
find+宾语+doing
表示补语动作为主动和正在发生
(2)
find+宾语+done
表示补语动作为被动或已完成
(3)
“find+宾语+宾补”中的宾补可以是adj./adv./n./prep.短语等
【活学活用】
单句填空
①My
neighbour
found
her
front
door
broken
(break)
into
and
something
stolen
(steal)
when
she
came
back
from
shopping.
②As
he
was
getting
the
horse
ready
to
set
off,
he
found
the
road
blocked
(block).
③On
arriving
at
the
station,
he
found
his
wife
waiting
(wait)
to
meet
him.
2.
It
looked
splendid
when
first
built!
刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！
【名师点拨】句型公式：状语从句省略
(1)when/while/until/as/as
if/if/once/even
if/although/though等从属连词引导状语从句时，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语为无意义的it，并且从句谓语动词含有be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
(2)before/after
还可作介词，故一般不能用状语从句省略句型。
【活学活用】
微写作
①但是一旦把它们提起来，它们就要咬我。
But
once
(they
were)
picked
up,
they
tried
to
bite
me.
②尽管被警告了好几次，他们仍然不交作业。
Although
(they
were)
warned
several
times,
they
refused
to
hand
in
their
homework.
③除非邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日晚会。
Unless
(I’m)
invited,
I
won’t
go
to
her
birthday
party.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020新高考全国I卷完形填空】
Molai
built
at
the
top
of
each
sapling(幼树)
a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to
collect
(collect)
rainwater.
②【2019江苏卷】To
enjoy
the
convenience
(convenient)
of
digital
payment，many
senior
citizens
started
to
use
smart
phones.
③【2020新高考全国I卷】Judges
will
choose
up
to
50
honorable
mention(二等奖)
winners,
who
will
each
receive
a
T-shirt
in
memory
of
Earhart’s
final
flight.
④【2020全国II卷书面表达】We
were
divided
into
two
groups.
One
group
was
responsible
for
picking
fruits,
and
the
other
packed
up
the
fruits.
⑤【2020天津卷】Jones’
idea
has
been
fully
realized—the
“HAPPY
TO
CHAT”
benches
help
break
down
the
invisible
social
barrier
that
keeps
people
from
saying
hello.
⑥【2020天津卷】Now
she
is
one
of
the
experts,
writing
books
on
flower
arrangement
(arrange).
⑦【2020新高考全国I卷】Remember,
even
world
champion
athletes
practice
their
skills
on
a
consistent
(consist)
basis.
⑧【2016全国Ⅲ卷·语法填空】Some
people
think
that
the
great
Chinese
scholar
Confucius,
who
lived
from
roughly
(rough)
551
to
479
BC,
influenced
the
development
of
chopsticks.
⑨【2016全国Ⅰ卷·语法填空】Chengdu
has
dozens
of
new
millionaires,
Asia’s
biggest
building,
and
fancy
new
hotels.
But
for
tourists
like
me,
pandas
are
its
top
attraction
(attract).
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020天津卷书面表达】When
I
am
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them.
When
faced
with
the
difficulties
and
failures,
I
must
overcome
them
(用状语从句省略来升级)
②【2019天津卷书面表达】
We’re
very
happy
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
We’re
more
than
delighted
to
know
that
you
will
give
us
a
lecture
about
western
art
during
the
coming
summer
holiday.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，你校的外教Lucy打算下周末去北京进行一次短途旅行，希望你推荐一个最值得去的景点。请你用英文回信，向她推荐颐和园。内容包括：
①简要介绍颐和园(中国现存最完整的皇家花园，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥等)；
②如有需要，愿意陪同前往。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①很高兴得知你要去北京进行一次短途旅行，我想向你推荐颐和园。
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
will
take
a
short
trip,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you.
②颐和园是中国现存的最完整的皇家花园。
It
is
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
③颐和园是一个著名的旅游胜地，著名景点包括昆明湖、万寿山、十七孔桥和许多其他迷人的自然风景。
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
④漫步在园中，你也许会奇怪古代中国人竟然能建造如此壮观的建筑物。
When
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
⑤列出你想看的地方的清单，你就不会遗漏任何景点。(have
sth
done,
过去分词作宾补)
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
⑥参观颐和园时，留心看以使你的旅行愉快。
While
you
are
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
⑦如有需要，我愿意陪同前往，在途中向你详细描述颐和园。
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用名词短语作同位语合并句①和句②
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
②利用状语从句的省略形式升级句⑥
While
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Lucy,
Delighted
to
hear
that
you
are
taking
a
short
trip
to
Beijing,
I’d
like
to
recommend
the
Summer
Palace
to
you,
the
most
complete
imperial
garden
that
exists
in
China.
It
is
a
famous
tourist
attraction,
which
consists
of
Kunming
Lake,
Wanshou
Hill,
the
17?Arch
Bridge
and
many
other
attractive
natural
views.
Honestly
speaking,
when
you
wander
around
it,
it
may
seem
strange
to
you
that
the
ancient
Chinese
should
have
constructed
such
splendid
buildings.
Make
a
list
of
what
you’d
like
to
visit,
and
you
will
not
have
any
attractions
left
out.
Finally,
while
visiting
the
palace,
keep
your
eyes
open
to
make
your
trip
enjoyable.
If
necessary,
I’m
willing
to
accompany
you
there
and
give
you
a
detailed
description
of
it
during
your
trip.
Yours,
Li
Hua必修5
Unit3
Life
in
the
future
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
jet
n.
喷气式飞机
tablet
n.
药片
capsule
n.
太空舱；胶囊
steward
n.
乘务员；服务员
stewardess
n.
女乘务员
opening
n.(出入的)通路；开口；开端
sideways
adv.
往(向、从)一侧；侧着
carriage
n.
运输工具；四轮马车；客车
belt
n.
腰带；皮带
safety
belt
安全带
flash
vt.
&
vi.
(使)闪光；(使)闪现
timetable
n.
时间表；时刻表
citizen
n.
公民；居民；市民
typist
n.
打字员
typewriter
n.
打字机
postage
n.
邮资
postcode
n.
邮政编码
button
n.
纽扣；按钮
receiver
n.
接受者；接收器；电话听筒
ecology
n.
生态；生态学
goods
n.
货物
motivation
n.
动机
二星写作词汇
aspect
n.
方面；层面
previous
adj.
在前的；早先的
mask
n.
面具；面罩；伪装
fasten
vt.
系牢；扎牢
switch
n.
开关；转换vt.
转换
exhausted
adj.
筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的
optimistic
adj.
乐观(主义)的
desert
n.
沙漠；荒原
greedy
adj.
贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
dustbin
n.
垃圾箱
swallow
vt.
吞下；咽下
material
n.
原料；材料
recycle
vt.
回收利用；再利用
mud
n.
泥(浆)
muddy
adj.
泥泞的
constant
adj.
时常发生的；连续不断的constantly
adv.
不断地
uncertain
adj.
不确切的；无把握的
certain
adj.
某一；必然的；确信；有把握的
certainly
adv.
当然；必定
surroundings
n.
周围的事物；环境adj.
周围的
surround
vt.
围绕；包围
surrounding
adj.
周围的，附近的
adjustment
n.
调整；调节adjust
vt.
调整，使…适合
press
vi.
&
vt.
按；压；逼迫n.
按；压；印刷；新闻pressure
n.
压力；压迫
representative
n.
代表；典型人物
adj.
典型的；有代表性的
represent
vt.
代表
settlement
n.
定居；解决settle
vt.
&
vi.
解决；安排；(使)定居
三星高频词汇
tolerate
vt.
容忍；忍受
impression
n.
印象；感想；印记
impress
vt.给予某人深刻印象；使铭记
impressive
adj.
感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的
guide
n.
指导；向导；导游vt.
指引；指导guidance
n.
指导，引导
lack
vi.
&
vt.
缺乏；没有n.
缺乏；短缺的东西
lacking
adj.
缺乏的，不足的
instant
n.
瞬间；片刻adj.
立即的；立刻的
instantly
adv.
立即地；马上地
conj.
一…就…
【短语巧记】
1.
take
up
拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据
2.
be
back
on
one’s
feet
(困境后)恢复；完全复原
3.
lose
sight
of
看不见
4.
catch
sight
of
看见
5.
sweep
up
打扫；横扫
6.
slide
into
(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
7.
speed
up
加速
8.
show
sb
around领某人参观
9.
in
no
time
立刻；马上
10.
remind
sb
of
提醒某人某事
11.
be
similar
to
与……相似
12.
make/leave
an
impression
on
给……留下印象
13.
leave/head
for
动身前往……
14.
be
optimistic
about
对……持乐观态度；
15.
be
greedy
for
对……贪婪；渴望
16.
switch
off/on
关掉/打开
【联想法巧记词语】
1.
“v.＋from”短语荟萃
①suffer
from
遭受
②result
from
因……而起
③date
from
始于……；起源于
④escape
from
从……逃脱
⑤benefit
from
从……中获益
⑥hear
from
收到某人的来信
2.
单复数意义不同的名词集锦
①good善行;好处
goods
货物
②brain智力
brains
智者
③time时间
times
时代
④instruction
指示
instructions
说明书
⑤pain痛苦
pains
辛苦；努力
⑥sand沙子
sands
沙滩
【语法速递】
The
air
seemed
thin,
as
though
its
combination
of
gases
had
little
oxygen
left
(leave).
Hit
(hit)
by
a
lack
of
fresh
air,
my
head
ached.
Arriving
(arrive)
at
a
strange-looking
house,
he
showed
me
into
a
large,
bright
clean
room.
Having
spread
(say)
this,
he
spread
some
food
on
the
table,
and
produced
a
bed
from
the
floor.
I
stared
at
the
moving
model
of
the
waste
machine,
absorbed
(absorb)
by
its
efficiency.
Just
relax,
since
there
is
nothing
planned
(plan)
on
the
timetable
today.
【典句仿写】
1.
sth＋be＋adj.＋to
do结构
(主语与不定式的动词有逻辑上的动宾关系)
【课文原句】At
first
my
new
surroundings
were
difficult
to
tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。
【仿写】The
chair
looks
hard
but
is
comfortable
to
sit
on.
这把椅子看起来很硬，但坐上去很舒适。
2.
what引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语
【课文原句】I
realized
that
I
had
been
transported
into
the
future
of
what
was
still
my
hometown.
我意识到我已经被送到了未来的我的家乡。
【仿写】Based
on
what
we
know
now,
you
cannot
clone
animals
that
have
been
extinct
longer
than
10,000
years.
据我们现在所了解，你不能克隆灭绝时间超过一万年的动物。
3.
That
is
why…意为“那就是为什么……”,“那就是……的原因”,
why引导表语从句
【课文原句】That
is
why
we
persuade
families
not
to
lose
sight
of
the
advantages
that
come
from
a
period
of
time
in
space.
那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。
【仿写】That
is
why
we
always
try
to
eat
in
a
healthy
way
and
exercise
regularly.
这就是为什么我们总是努力以一种健康的方式吃东西和规律地运动。
4.
“地点词+谓语动词+主语”的完全倒装结构
【课文原句】
Inside
was
an
exhibition
of
the
most
up-to-date
inventions
of
the
31st
century.
太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。
【仿写】In
front
of
the
house
sat
an
old
man
who
told
us
the
stories
about
the
Long
March.
房子前面坐着一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。
5.
where引导的定语从句，先行词为抽象地点名词
【课文原句】
Well,
now
there’s
a
system
where
the
waste
is
disposed
of
using
the
principles
of
ecology.
对了,现在有一种装置,能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物.
【仿写】The
children
like
to
join
the
activity
where
they
can
show
their
talents
freely.
孩子们喜欢参加活动，在那里他们可以自由地展示他们的才能。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
lack
vt.
&
vi.
缺少;缺乏
n.
缺乏
(1)
for
lack
of
因缺乏……
a
lack
of
缺乏……
(2)
lacking
adj.
短缺的；缺乏的
be
lacking
in
缺少……
lack
(for)
sth
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Health
problems
are
closely
connected
with
bad
eating
habits
and
a
lack
of
exercise.
②Although
lacking
(lack)
experience,
Jackson
accepted
the
task
after
thinking
for
a
long
time.
③More
and
more
high-rise
buildings
have
been
built
in
big
cities
for
lack
of
space.
(2)一句多译
他缺乏与他人交流的技能，
因此在比赛中失败了。
①He
lacked
the
skill
to
communicate
with
others,
so
he
failed
in
the
competition.(lack
vt.)
②Lacking
(in)
the
skill
to
communicate
with
others,
he
failed
in
the
competition.(分词作状语)
③For
lack
of
skill
to
communicate
with
others,
he
failed
in
the
competition.(介词短语)
2.
tolerate
vt.容忍；忍受
tolerate
(one’s/sb)
doing
sth
容忍/忍受(某人)做某事
bear
doing/to
do
sth
容忍/忍受做某事
stand
(one’s/sb)
doing
sth
容忍/忍受(某人做)某事
put
up
with
(one’s/sb)
doing
sth
容忍/忍受(某人做)某事
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
bad
smell
in
this
room
was
difficult
to
tolerate
(tolerate),
so
we
left.
②I
can’t
tolerate
anyone
questioning
(question)
his
decisions.
(2)句型转换
I
can’t
bear
you
speaking/
to
speak
to
your
mother
in
such
a
rude
manner.
I
can’t
tolerate
you/your
speaking
to
your
mother
in
such
a
rude
manner.
I
can’t
stand
you/your
speaking
to
your
mother
in
such
a
rude
manner.
3.
instant
n.
瞬间；片刻
adj.
立即的；立刻的
(1)
in
an
instant
立即；马上
the
instant(=instantly)
一……就……
(2)
instantly
adv.立即;马上
conj.
一……就……
【名师点拨】表达“一……就……”的几种常见结构:
(1)
the
instant/the
moment/the
minute…;
(2)
instantly/immediately/directly…;
(3)
on/upon
doing或“on/upon+名词”
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①When
it
started
to
rain,
the
students
on
the
playground
ran
towards
the
classroom
in
an
instant.
②He
made
an
instant
decision
to
risk
his
own
life
to
save
the
drowning
child.
(2)一句多译
让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。
①Much
to
my
surprise,
she
burst
into
tears
the
instant
she
read
the
letter.
(instant)
②Much
to
my
surprise,
on
reading
the
letter,
she
burst
out
crying.
(on)
③To
my
great
surprise,
she
burst
into
tears
the
moment
she
read
the
letter.
(moment)
【常考短语】
1.
take
up
占据(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事
take
off
脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take
over
接管；获得对……的控制或管理
take
down
写下；记下；拆除
take
in
吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take
on
呈现；雇用；具有(特征)
take
back
收回；撤回
【活学活用】
(1)一词多义——写出下列句子中take
up的含义
①We
tried
to
find
a
table
for
seven,
but
they
were
all
taken
up.
占据
②I
put
the
telephone
down
and
took
up
my
work
again.
继续
③After
studying
in
a
medical
college
for
five
years,
Jane
took
up
her
job
as
a
doctor
in
the
countryside.开始从事
④I’m
going
to
take
up
the
challenge
of
lasting
a
whole
week
without
arguing.
接受
(2)用take相关短语的适当形式填空
①Gazing
up
into
his
eyes,
she
seemed
to
take
in
all
that
he
said.
②I
know
how
busy
you
must
be
and
naturally
I
don’t
want
to
take
up
too
much
of
your
time.
③The
enemy
took
over
the
town
and
all
the
residents
were
required
to
stay
indoors.
④If
you
do
not
take
back
what
you
said,
I
shall
not
speak
to
you
again.
2.
lose
sight
of
看不见；忽略；忘记
(1)
catch
sight
of
发现；看到
come
into
sight
进入视野内；映入眼帘
(2)
at
first
sight
乍一看
at
the
sight
of
一看到……
within/in
sight
看得见；在视线范围内
out
of
sight
看不到
【活学活用】
用sight短语填空
①They
fell
in
love
at
first
sight,
and
three
months
later,
they
got
married.
②The
square
was
so
crowded
that
I
lost
sight
of
my
parents
soon.
③At
the
railway
station,
the
mother
waved
goodbye
to
her
daughter
until
the
train
was
out
of
sight.
④I
caught
sight
of
her
getting
on
the
bus
when
I
came
out
of
the
store.
⑤The
little
girl
ran
to
her
mother
at
the
sight
of
her.
【必备句型】
1.
Hit
by
a
lack
of
fresh
air,
my
head
ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
【名师点拨】句型公式：过去分词短语作状语
(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；
(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致；
(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Caught
(catch)
in
the
traffic
jam,
Mr.
Lin
was
late
for
work
this
morning.
②Lost
(lose)
in
the
woods,
they
had
to
call
for
help
by
a
smart
phone.
(2)一句多译
从高层建筑物上看，公园看上去更漂亮。
①When
it
is
seen
from
the
top
of
the
high
building,
the
park
looks
even
more
beautiful.
(时间状语从句)
②Seen
from
the
top
of
the
high
building,
the
park
looks
even
more
beautiful.
(分词作状语)
③Seeing
from
the
top
of
the
high
building,
I
find
the
park
even
more
beautiful.
(分词作状语)
2.
Exhausted,
I
slid
into
bed
and
fell
fast
asleep.
我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。
【名师点拨】句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语
形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。形容词(短语)作状语常表示主语的状态或结果，而副词作状语往往用于修饰动词或者整个句子。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①Tired
(tire)
of
his
present
job,
Robert
is
planning
to
give
it
up
and
find
a
new
job.
②The
boy
lay
on
the
sofa,
relaxed
(relax)．
③【2018全国Ⅱ卷】Luckily
(luck),
I
met
a
very
good
teacher,
who
encouraged
me
to
take
some
math
classes,
business
classes
and
history
classes.
④Little
Tom
sat
amazed
(amaze)
watching
the
monkey
dancing
in
front
of
him.
⑤Unable
(able)
to
afford
the
time,
I
had
to
give
up
the
plan.
⑥Surprisingly
(surprise),
he
made
such
a
stupid
mistake.
Nobody
cannot
be
angry.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020全国I卷完形填空】
If
we
admit
it
is
a
door,
they’ll
want
to
go
outside
constantly
(constant).
②【2020全国III卷】
And
when
he
saw
the
mists
rising
from
the
river
and
the
soft
clouds
surrounding
(surround)
the
mountain
tops,
he
was
reduced
to
tears.
③【2020新高考全国I卷】At
the
Jorvik
Centre
in
York,
the
city’s
Viking
settlement
(settle)
is
recreated,
and
people
experience
the
sights,
sounds
and
smells
of
the
old
town.
④【2020全国II卷语法填空】
Bamboo:
Chinese
love
their
“Lucky
Bamboo”
plants
and
you
will
see
them
often
in
their
homes
and
office.
Certainly
(certain)
during
the
holiday
period,
this
plant
is
a
must.
⑤【2020浙江卷】A
few
characters
are
used
to
create
a
single
impression
(impress)
growing
out
of
the
theme.
⑥【2020浙江卷读后续写】But
when
he
looked
to
the
side,
he
saw
instantly
(instant)
that
it
wasn’t
a
dog
at
all,
but
a
wolf,
quickly
catching
up
with
him.
⑦【2018江苏卷完形填空】Failing
to
find
any
other
way
out,
they
decided
to
make
a
walking
journey,
as
they
caught
sight
of
an
old
hikers’
(徒步旅行者)
guide.
⑧【2018江苏卷】The
report
said
they
also
faced
pressure
(press)
to
respond
to
messages
at
all
hours
of
the
day.
⑨【2018浙江卷】
Many
cities
with
bans
still
allow
shoppers
to
purchase
paper
bags,
which
are
easily
recycled
(recycle)
but
require
more
energy
to
produce
and
transport.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020浙江7月卷书面表达】As
soon
as
we
finished
the
song,
all
the
audience
gave
us
warm
applause.
The
instant
we
finished
the
song,
all
the
audience
gave
us
warm
applause.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝字字体部分)
②【2018浙江11月卷书面表达】
I
was
too
worried
and
helpless,
so
I
have
no
alternative
but
to
turn
to
you
for
help.
Too
worried
and
helpless,
I
have
no
alternative
but
to
turn
to
you
for
help.
(用形容词作状语来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
假设某英文报社向中学生征文，题目是“The
Libraries
in
20
years”。请根据下列要点和你的畅想完成短文。①书籍如何储存；②怎样观看书籍。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①因为有了先进的科技，未来的生活将更加的多彩多姿。
Life
in
the
future
will
be
more
colorful
because
of
the
advanced
science
and
technology.
②20年后的图书馆也当然与今天的样子有所不同。(what引导的宾语从句)
Libraries
in
twenty
years
will
certainly
be
different
from
what
they
are
today.
③所有书籍将以芯片的方式而不是以纸质书的方式储存。
Instead
of
paper
books,
all
books
will
be
stored
in
the
form
of
chips.
④这样你通过简单的触碰一下大屏幕就可以得到你需要的东西。(by
doing表示“通过做……的方式”)
You
can
get
what
you
need
by
simply
touching
a
large
screen.
⑤你会在屏幕上找到几个按钮，每一个都有着一个特别的功能。
You
will
find
several
buttons
on
the
screen,
and
each
of
them
performs
a
special
function.
⑥例如，当你按下某个按钮，书籍的内容就会以电影的方式呈现出来，让你可以生动地欣赏。(where引导的定语从句)
For
instance,
when
you
press
a
certain
button,
the
content
of
the
book
will
be
presented
in
the
form
of
a
movie
where
you
will
enjoy
it
vividly.
⑦如果你需要续借一本书，你可以输入一个密码，这本书就会立即呈现在你的手机上。
If
you
want
to
renew
a
book,
you
can
input
a
code
and
instantly
the
book
will
appear
on
your
mobile
phone.
⑧我相信20年后这样的图书馆将会是我们生活的一部分。
I
believe
such
libraries
will
be
a
part
of
our
life
in
twenty
years.
⑨未来的生活将会更加多彩多姿和更加有意义。
Life
in
the
future
will
be
more
colorful
and
meaningful.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用so
that引导结果状语从句合并句③和句④
Instead
of
paper
books,
all
books
will
be
stored
in
the
form
of
chips
so
that
you
can
get
what
you
need
by
simply
touching
a
large
screen.
②利用非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
You
will
find
several
buttons
on
the
screen,
each
of
which
performs
a
special
function.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Life
in
the
future
will
be
more
colorful
because
of
the
advanced
science
and
technology.
As
a
result,
libraries
in
twenty
years
will
certainly
be
different
from
what
they
are
today.
First,
instead
of
paper
books,
all
books
will
be
stored
in
the
form
of
chips
so
that
you
can
get
what
you
need
by
simply
touching
a
large
screen.
Moreover,
you
will
find
several
buttons
on
the
screen,
each
of
which
performs
a
special
function.
For
instance,
when
you
press
a
certain
button,
the
content
of
the
book
will
be
presented
in
the
form
of
a
movie
where
you
will
enjoy
it
vividly.
If
you
want
to
renew
a
book,
you
can
input
a
code
and
instantly
the
book
will
appear
on
your
mobile
phone.
I
believe
such
libraries
will
be
a
part
of
our
life
in
twenty
years.
In
a
word,
life
in
the
future
will
be
more
colorful
and
meaningful.必修5
Unit4
Making
the
news
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
journalist
n.
记者；新闻工作者
assignment
n.
任务；分配
colleague
n.
同事
amateur
n.
业余爱好者
update
vt.
更新；使现代化
sceptical
(<美>skeptical)
adj.
怀疑的
dilemma
n.
(进退两难的)困境；窘境
housewife
n.
家庭主妇
crime
n.
罪行；犯罪
guilty
adj.
犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的
department
n.
部门；部；处；系
chief
adj.
主要的；首席的n.
首领；长官
submit
vt.
递交；呈递(文件等)
deadline
n.
最后期限
deliberately
adv.
故意地
section
n.
部分；节
polish
vt.
擦亮；磨光；润色
process
vt.
加工；处理n.
过程；程序；步骤
negative
n.
底片；否定adj.
否定的；消极的
二星写作词汇
involve
vt.
牵涉；涉及；包括；使参与(卷入)……
editor
n.
编辑
edit
vt.
编辑；校订edition
n.
版(本)；版次
photograph
n.
照片vt.
给……照相
photographer
n.
摄影师
photography
n.
摄影
unforgettable
adj.
难忘的；永远记得的forgettable
adj.
易被忘记的
forget
vt.
&vi.
忘记；忽略
delighted
adj.
快乐的；欣喜的
delight
vt.
使高兴
admirable
adj.
值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的
admire
vt.
钦佩；赞美
unusual
adj.
不同寻常的；独特的
usual
adj.
通常的，惯例的；平常的
profession
n.
职业；专业
professional
adj.
专业的；职业的
n.
专业人员
professor
n.
教授
eager
adj.
渴望的；热切的
eagerly
adv.
急切地；渴望地
acquire
vt.
获得；取得；学到
concentrate
vt.
集中；聚集
concentration
n.集中；专心
assess
vt.
评估；评定
assessment
n.
评定；估价
meanwhile
adv.
其间；同时
deny
vt.
否认；拒绝
publish
vt.
出版；发行；发表；公布
technical
adj.
技术(上)的；技巧方面的
technically
adv.
技术上；工艺上
thorough
adj.
彻底的；详尽的
thoroughly
adv.
彻底地，完全地
gifted
adj.
有天赋的
gift
n.
礼物；天赋；赠品
accurate
adj.
精确的；正确的accurately
adv.
精确地，准确地accuracy
n.
精确度，准确性
senior
adj.
年长的；高年级的；高级的
反义词：junior
adj.
年幼的；低年级的；低级的
appointment
n.
约会；任命
appoint
vt.
任命；指定；约定；委派
三星高频词汇
assist
vt.
帮助；协助；援助
assistant
n.
助手；助理；售货员
assistance
n.
援助，帮助
inform
vt.
告知；通知
information
n.
信息，资料
case
n.
情况；病例；案例
accuse
vt.
指责；谴责；控告
accusation
n.
指责；谴责；控告
demand
n.
需求；要求vt.
强烈要求
demanding
adj.
要求很高的；费力的
approve
vt.
赞成；认可；批准
approval
n.
批准；认可；赞成
【短语巧记】
concentrate
on
集中；全神贯注于
accuse
sb
of
因……指责或控告某人
depend
on
依靠；依赖
so
as
to
(do
sth)
为了(做)……
ahead
of
在……前面
approve
of
支持；赞成
be
absorbed
in
专注于；全神贯注于
make
an
appointment
with
和……约会
keep
sth
in
mind
牢记某事
inform
sb
of
sth
通知/告知某人某事
be
supposed
to
应当
have
a
good
nose
for对……很敏感
in
a
dilemma
进退两难
be
eager
to
do/for
渴望做/渴望得到
be
senior
to
比……年长；比……级别高
【联想法巧记词语】
1.
“v.＋sb＋of＋sth”结构大集合
①inform
sb
of
sth
告知某人某事
②warn
sb
of
sth
警告某人某事
③cure
sb
of
sth
治好某人某病
④remind
sb
of
sth
提醒某人某事
⑤accuse
sb
of
sth
指控某人某事
⑥rob
sb
of
sth
抢劫某人某物
⑦convince
sb
of
sth
使某人相信某事
⑧suspect
sb
of
sth
怀疑某人某事
2.
表示“态度”的形容词一览表
①支持：supportive;
favourable;
approving
②反对：opposed;
disapproving;
contradictory
③怀疑：doubtful;
sceptical;
skeptical
④主观：subjective;
客观：objective
⑤积极：positive;
消极：negative
⑥批评：critical
⑦中立：neutral
⑧同情：sympathetic
【语法速递】
Never
will
Zhou
Yang
(ZY)
forget
his
first
assignment
at
the
office
of
a
popular
English
newspaper.
Only
if
you
ask
many
different
questions
will
you
acquire
all
the
information
you
need
to
know.
It
was
a
dilemma
because
the
footballer
could
have
demanded
damages
if
we
were
wrong.
Then
as
the
article
was
going
to
be
written
in
English
Zhou
Yang
also
took
a
copy
to
the
native
speaker
employed
by
the
newspaper
to
polish
(polish)
the
style.
He
denied
taking/having
taken
(take)
money
but
we
were
sceptical.
Meanwhile
you
have
to
prepare
the
next
question
depending
(depend)
on
what
the
person
says.
You’ll
have
a
professional
(profession)
photographer
with
you
to
take
photographs.
Zhou
Yang
waited
excitedly
(excited)
for
the
first
copies
to
be
ready.
【典句仿写】
1.
否定副词位于句首倒装
【课文原句】Never
will
Zhou
Yang
(ZY)
forget
his
first
assignment
at
the
office
of
a
popular
English
newspaper.
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家畅销英文报社的第一项工作任务。
【仿写】I
received
a
letter
of
my
favourite
football
star.
Never
in
all
my
life
had
I
felt
so
happy.我收到了我最喜欢的足球明星的一封信，生命中我从来没有这么高兴过。
2.
“only+状语(从句)”位于句首，句子应部分倒装
【课文原句】Only
if
you
ask
many
different
questions
will
you
acquire
all
the
information
you
need
to
know.
你只有问过许多问题之后你才能得到你需要了解的所有情况。
【仿写】Only
if
you
take
an
active
part
in
physical
activity
will
you
be
able
to
keep
fit
and
stay
healthy.
你只有积极参加体育锻炼，才能保持身体健康。
3.
not
only...
but(also)．..
连接的并列句,
前半部分要倒装
【课文原句】Not
only
am
I
interested
in
photography,
but
I
took
an
amateur
course
at
university
to
update
my
skills.
我不仅对摄影感兴趣而且为更新技能上大学期间上了业余课程班。
【仿写】Not
only
does
she
attach
importance
to
reading,
but
also
she
spares
at
least
20
minutes
every
day
to
read.
她不仅重视阅读，而且她每天至少抽出20分钟来阅读。(attach...
to...)
4.
be
to
do
sth注定会……；一定……
【课文原句】His
discussion
with
his
new
boss,
Hu
Xin
(HX),
was
to
strongly
influence
his
life
as
a
journalist.
他同新上司胡欣的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。
【仿写】Your
dream
of
becoming
a
journalist
is
to
come
true
because
you
are
wise
and
hardworking.
因为你既聪明又勤奋，你当记者的梦想一定会实现的。
5.
where引导的定语从句，先行词为抽象地点名词
【课文原句】
Have
you
ever
had
a
case
where
someone
accused
your
journalists
of
getting
the
wrong
end
of
the
stick?
你们有没有过这样的情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
【仿写】The
lecture
will
cover
a
number
of
cases
where
beginners
of
English
fail
to
use
the
language
properly.
讲座将涉及到许多英语初学者不能正确使用语言的情况。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
assist
vt.帮助；协助；援助
(1)
assist
sb
to
do
sth
帮助某人做某事
assist
sb
in/with
sth
帮助某人某事
assist
sb
in
doing
sth帮助某人做某事
(2)
assistance
n.
帮助；协助
with
the
assistance/help
of
在……的帮助下
(3)
assistant
n.
助手；助理；售货员
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
guide
managed
to
assist
the
tourists
to
find
(find)
somewhere
to
live
during
the
Russia
World
Cup.
②With
the
assistance
(assist)
of
his
teacher,
he
gradually
adjusted
to
the
school
life.
③One
of
his
assistants
(assist)
came
out
and
told
me
Professor
Green
was
busy
doing
an
experiment.
④Local
villagers
were
assisting
the
doctors
with
the
people
wounded
in
the
bus
crash.
(2)一句多译
为了帮助学生学好汉语，我们学校决定给你们中文班捐赠一批图书。
①To
assist
the
students
to
learn
Chinese
better,
our
school
has
decided
to
donate
some
books
to
your
Chinese
class.
②To
assist
the
students
in
learning
Chinese
better,
our
school
has
decided
to
donate
some
books
to
your
Chinese
class.
2.
inform
vt.告知；通知
(1)
inform
sb
of
sth
告诉/通知某人某事
inform
sb
that/when/how...
通知某人……
keep
sb
informed
(of...)
使某人随时了解(……)
(2)
informed
adj.有学问的;有见识的
(3)
information
n．[U]
通知；消息；情报
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
boss
asked
his
secretary
to
keep
him
well
informed
(inform)
of
the
programme’s
progress.
②The
Internet
allows
us
to
educate
ourselves
and
make
more
informed
(inform)
choices
and
decisions
without
leaving
our
homes.
③He
sent
yet
another
telegram
informing
(inform)
the
journalist
that
if
he
did
not
reply
soon
he
would
be
fired.
④The
family
breathed
a
sigh
of
relief
when
they
were
informed
(inform)
that
the
father
was
only
slightly
injured
in
the
accident.
(2)词汇升级
【2018全国卷Ⅱ书面表达】I’m
more
than
delighted
to
tell
you
the
good
news
that
a
short
English
film
will
be
shown
this
weekend.
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
inform
you
of
the
good
news
that
a
short
English
film
will
be
shown
this
weekend.
(升级加黑词汇)
3.
case
n．情况；病例，实情
in
case
假使；以防万一
in
case
of
假如发生；万一发生
in
any
case
无论如何
in
no
case
决不(位于句首要倒装)
in
this/that
case
假使这样/那样的话
as
is
often
the
case
这是常有的事
【名师点拨】in
case的三种用法:
(1)用作连词,表示条件,其意为“如果,万一”。如:
In
case
I
forget,
please
remind
me
about
it.
万一我忘记,请提醒我一下。
(2)用作连词,表示目的,其意为“以防,免得”。如:
I’ll
take
my
raincoat
in
case
it
rains.
我将带上雨衣,以防下雨。
(3)起副词作用,其意为“以防万一”。如:
The
sun
is
shining,
but
I’ll
take
an
umbrella
just
in
case.
现在阳光明媚,但我还是会带上一把雨伞来以防万一。
【活学活用】
(1)用case相关短语填空
①It
may
rain
tomorrow,
but
we
are
going
home
in
any
case.
②The
company
makes
a
promise
that
in
no
case
will
the
price
of
products
be
cheapened.
③【2019江苏卷】The
doctor
shares
his
phone
number
with
the
patients
in
case
they
need
medical
assistance.
④【2019北京卷书面表达】In
addition,
please
pack
a
pair
of
comfortable
shoes
in
case
of
the
city
walk.
⑤As
is
often
the
case,
he
was
late
for
class,
which
made
his
teacher
very
angry.
(2)句式升级
We
should
in
no
case
do
anything
that
goes
against
the
interests
of
people.
In
no
case
should
we
do
anything
that
goes
against
the
interests
of
people.
(倒装)
4.
demand
n.
要求；需要
vt.强烈要求
(1)
be
in
(great)
demand
(迫切)需求
cover/meet/satisfy
one’s
demands
满足某人的需求
a
demand
for
对......的需求
(2)
demand
sth
需要某事物
demand
to
do
sth
要求做某事
demand
that...
(should)
do
sth
要求……做某事
(3)
demanding
adj.
高要求的；要求严格的
【名师点拨】
(1)表达“向某人要求某物”要用demand
sth
of
sb或demand
sth
from
sb,而不能用demand
sb
of
sth
(2)表达“要求某人做某事”不能说demand
sb
to
do
sth,而要用demand
of
sb
to
do
sth或demand
that…。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①There
has
been
an
increasing
demand
for
medicine
and
food
since
the
earthquake.
②All
the
residents
nearby
demanded
that
the
nightclub
be
moved
(move)
away
as
soon
as
possible.
③Teaching
activities
in
classroom
are
a
complicated,
intellectually
and
physically
demanding
(demand)
task.
④They
think
learning
English
well
is
one
of
the
demands
(demand)
of
modern
society
and
will
do
good
to
our
future
career.
⑤First,
science
graduates
are
in
greater
demand
than
art
ones
in
China.
⑥The
workers
in
all
the
clothing
factories
were
on
strike,
demanding
(demand)
more
pay.
5.
approve
vt.赞成；认可；批准
(1)
approve
sth
批准/通过某事
approve
of
(sb/one’s)
doing
sth
赞同/同意(某人)做某事
(2)
approval
n.
赞成；同意；批准；通过
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①My
mother
doesn’t
approve
of
my
attending
(attend)
such
a
party,
because
it
finishes
at
midnight.
②I
would
appreciate
it
if
my
application
could
get
your
approval
(approve)．
③He
said
the
plan
announced
on
Sunday,
if
approved
(approve),
would
avoid
such
a
problem.
(2)一句多译
【2017北京卷书面表达】老师同意我们制作视频来记录我们在校的经历。
①The
teacher
gave
his
approval
to
us
making
a
video
to
record
our
experiences
at
school.
(approval)
②The
teacher
approved
of
us/our
making
a
video
to
record
our
experiences
at
school.
(approve)
【常考短语】
1.
depend
on
依靠；依赖
(1)
depend
on
sb
to
do
sth
依靠某人做某事
depend
on
(one’s)
doing
sth
依靠(某人)做某事
depend
on/upon
it
that...
指望……
(2)
That
depends.
/
It
(all)
depends.
视情况而定。
【名师点拨】与depend
on意义和用法相同的短语还有：rely
on
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①The
teacher
will
put
forward
a
variety
of
questions,
depending
(depend)
on
your
different
answers.
②You
can
depend
on
it
that
such
things
will
never
happen
again.
③We
should
show
concern
for
Mr.
Smith,
an
eighty-year-old
man
near
our
home,
because
now
he
has
nobody
to
depend
(depend)
on.
(2)微写作
①一个小孩是否能健康成长取决于他生活的环境。
Whether
a
child
can
grow
up
healthily
or
not
depends
on
the
surroundings
where
he
lives.
②请你相信,
万一有任何意外发生,我们能联系到你的近亲。
You
may
depend
on/upon
it
that
we
can
contact
your
nearest
relative
in
case
any
accident
occurs.
2.
accuse...of
因……指责或控告……
(1)
accuse
sb
of
(doing)
sth
指控某人(做了)某事
charge
sb
with
(doing)
sth
(2)
the
accused
被告
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①A
footballer
was
accused
(accuse)
of
taking
money
for
deliberately
not
scoring
goals
to
let
the
other
team
win.
②For
lack
of
enough
evidence,
the
accused
(accuse)
was
allowed
to
go
free.
(2)一句多译
由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。
①Accused
of
stealing
money,
the
man
was
brought
to
the
court.
(accuse)
②Charged
with
stealing
money,
the
man
was
brought
to
the
court.
(charge)
【必备句型】
1.
Never
will
Zhou
Yang
(ZY)
forget
his
first
assignment
at
the
office
of
a
popular
English
newspaper.周阳永远不会忘记他在一家受欢迎的英文报社的第一项工作任务。
【名师点拨】句型公式：否定词置于句首的部分倒装
(1)否定副词never置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。
(2)常用的否定副词和含有否定意义的介词短语还有：
not,
little,
seldom,
hardly,
scarcely,
neither,
nor,
at
no
time,
by
no
means,
in
no
case,
in
no
way,
on
no
condition等。
(3)not
only...but
also...引导并列句时位于句首时，前半句要用部分倒装，后半部分不需要倒装。
(4)“only+状语”位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装。
【活学活用】
句式升级
①We
can
spend
those
days
together
happily
only
by
understanding
and
learning
from
each
other.
Only
by
understanding
and
learning
from
each
other
can
we
spend
those
days
together
happily.
②She
didn’t
realize
the
man
told
a
lie
until
someone
reminded
her.
Not
until
someone
reminded
her
did
she
realize
the
man
told
a
lie.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020全国I卷】
“Like
running,
race
walking
is
physically
demanding
(demand),”
she
says
②【2020全国III卷书面表达】Given
your
busy
schedule,
I’d
be
very
appreciative
if
you
offer
to
give
some
professional
(profession)
advice.
③【2020新高考全国I卷】
But
in
half
the
cases
she
wore
a
specially
designed
fat
suit
which
increased
her
weight
to
180
pounds.
④【2020新高考全国I卷语法填空】Historical
accuracy
(accurate)
is
important
but
so
is
entertainment.
⑤【2019北京卷】
Depending
(depend)
on
which
role
you
choose,
you
could
help
to
increase
a
community’s
access
to
safe
drinking
water,
or
help
to
protect
valuable
local
cultures.
⑥【2019浙江卷】The
challenge
is
all
the
more
serious
when
you
consider
the
demanding
(demand)
exercise
required
to
bike
from
France
to
Poland.
⑦【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】Now,
I
am
writing
to
inform
you
of
some
relevant
details.
⑧【2018浙江卷】Then
I
got
to
the
point
where
I
was
staying
up
really
late
at
night
to
get
my
work
done.
⑨【2020全国III卷完形填空】
She
was
displeased
with
absolutely
everything,
nothing
was
right
and
I
was
rather
delighted
(delight)
that
she
became
a
“regular”.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2020新高考全国I卷书面表达】The
activity
was
highly
spoken
of,
because
it
did
not
only
provide
chance
for
us
to
exercise,
but
also
made
us
more
cohesive
(凝聚力).
The
activity
was
highly
spoken
of,
because
not
only
did
it
provide
chance
for
us
to
exercise,
but
also
made
us
more
cohesive.
(用倒装句来升级蓝字字体部分)
②【2018全国Ⅱ卷书面表达】
I
have
never
seen
such
a
moving
film
before.
Never
before
have
I
seen
such
a
moving
film．
(用倒装句来升级)
【主题写作】
假设你是李华，某英文报社招聘记者，你打算应聘。请按以下写作要求写一封申请信。①写信目的；②自身优势；③表达愿望。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①对网上登广告的工作很感兴趣，因此我写信申请在贵部门做记者。
Attracted
by
the
job
advertised
on
the
Internet,
I’m
writing
to
apply
for
the
position
as
a
journalist
in
your
department.
②我深信我能满足您的要求，因为我有以下几个优势。
I’m
convinced
that
I
can
meet
your
demands
because
of
the
following
advantages.
③我对新闻很敏感，因此在我校校报工作时常被派去报道校园发生的事情。
I
have
such
a
good
nose
for
news
that
I
was
often
sent
to
cover
the
stories
happening
in
the
campus
when
working
for
my
school’s
paper.
④谈到获取所有的信息，我不仅能问许多不同的问题还能专注细节。
When
it
comes
to
acquiring
all
the
information,
I
can
not
only
ask
many
different
questions
but
I
can
also
concentrate
on
details.
⑤针对被采访者所说的内容，我能迅速准备好下面的问题。
I
can
prepare
the
next
question
quickly
depending
on
what
the
interviewees
say.
⑥如能被录用，我会把我所有的努力和精力放到工作上，以不辜负您的期望。
If
accepted,
I
will
devote
all
my
energy
and
efforts
to
the
job
so
as
to
live
up
to
your
expectations.
⑦如果您能批准我的申请并尽早通知我面试，我将不胜感激。
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
approve
my
application
and
inform
me
of
the
interview
at
your
earliest
convenience.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用倒装句升级句④
When
it
comes
to
acquiring
all
the
information,
not
only
can
I
ask
many
different
questions
but
I
can
also
concentrate
on
details.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Dear
Sir,
Attracted
by
the
job
advertised
on
the
Internet,
I’m
writing
to
apply
for
the
position
as
a
journalist
in
your
department.
I’m
convinced
that
I
can
meet
your
demands
because
of
the
following
advantages.
To
begin
with,
I
have
such
a
good
nose
for
news
that
I
was
often
sent
to
cover
the
stories
happening
in
the
campus
when
working
for
my
school’s
paper.
In
addition,
when
it
comes
to
acquiring
all
the
information,
not
only
can
I
ask
many
different
questions
but
I
can
also
concentrate
on
details.
Meanwhile,
I
can
prepare
the
next
question
quickly
depending
on
what
the
interviewees
say.
If
accepted,
I
will
devote
all
my
energy
and
efforts
to
the
job
so
as
to
live
up
to
your
expectations.
I
would
appreciate
it
if
you
could
approve
my
application
and
inform
me
of
the
interview
at
your
earliest
convenience.
Yours,
Li
Hua必修5
Unit5
First
aid
一轮复习导学案
基础知识梳理
【三星词汇】
一星阅读词汇
temporary
adj.
暂时的；临时的
ankle
n.
踝(关节)
bleed
(bled,
bled)
vi.
&
vt.流血
choke
vi.
&
vt.
(使)噎住；(使)窒息
cupboard
n.
橱柜；衣柜
organ
n.
器官
radiation
n.
辐射；射线
liquid
n.
液体
pan
n.
平底锅；盘子
stove
n.
炉子；火炉
tissue
n.(生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸
ray
n.
光线；射线
scissors
n.
(pl)
剪刀
bandage
n.
绷
infection
n.
传染；传染病；感染
symptom
n.
症状；征兆
kettle
n.
(水)壶；罐
sleeve
n.
袖子
blouse
n.
女衬衫
stab
vt.
&
vi.
刺；戳；刺伤
ambulance
n.
救护车
wrist
n.
手腕
throat
n.
咽喉；喉咙
basin
n.
盆；盆地
二星写作词汇
aid
n.
&
vt.
帮助；援助；资助
injury
n.
损伤；伤害
injure
vt.
伤害，损害
injured
adj.
受伤的；受损害的
skin
n.
皮；皮肤
essential
adj.
最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的
barrier
n.
屏障；障碍(物)
poison
n.
毒药；毒害vt.
毒害；使中毒
poisonous
adj.
有毒的
complex
adj.
复杂的
mild
adj.
轻微的；温和的；温柔的
mildly
adv.
轻微地；温和地
swell
vi.
&
vt.
(swelled,
swollen)(使)膨胀；隆起
swollen
adj.
肿胀的
unbearable
adj.
难以忍受的；不能容忍的
bearable
adj.
可忍受的
bear
v.
忍受，承受
squeeze
vt.
&
vi.
榨；挤；压榨
vital
adj.
至关重要的；生死攸关的
pour
vt.
&
vi.
倒；灌；注；涌
damp
adj.
潮湿的
tight
adj.
牢的；紧的；紧密的
tightly
adv.
紧地；牢牢地
firm
adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的
firmly
adv.
坚固地；稳定地
ceremony
n.
典礼；仪式；礼节
bravery
n.
勇敢；勇气
brave
adj.
勇敢的，无畏的
bravely
adv.
勇敢地；华丽地
pressure
n.
压力；挤压；压迫(感)
press
v.
压；按；逼迫
三星高频词汇
variety
n.
变化；多样(化)；多变(性)
vary
vi.
变化，改变；不同
various
adj.
各种各样的
treat
vt.
&
vi.
治疗；对待；款待n.
款待；招待
treatment
n.
治疗，疗法；处理；对待
apply
vt.
涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.
申请；请求；使用；有效
applicant
n.
申请人，申请者
application
n.
应用；申请；应用程序
【短语巧记】
first
aid
(对伤患者的)急救
fall
ill
生病
electric
shock
触电；电休克
over
and
over
again
反复；多次
in
place
在适当的位置；适当
put
one’s
hands
on
找到
a
number
of
若干；许多
make
a
difference区别对待;有影响;起(重要)作用
take
off
脱下；起飞
act
as
充当；担任；扮演
squeeze
out
榨出；挤出
be/get
involved
in
卷入；介入；参与；涉及
get
injured
受伤
get
burned
被烧伤
get
infected
被感染
depending
on
根据；依据
be
stuck
to
被粘到......上
be
presented
with
被授予
be
proud
of
对......感到自豪；为......感到骄傲
【联想法巧记词语】
1.
“make
a＋n.”短语荟萃
①make
a
difference
区别对待；有影响
②make
a
mistake
犯错
③make
a
decision
作决定
④make
a
promise
许诺
⑤make
a
friend
交朋友
⑥make
a
face
做鬼脸
⑦make
a
noise
制造噪音
⑧make
a
comment
作评论
2.
“in＋n.”短语大聚会
①in
danger
在危险中
②in
trouble
处于困境中
③in
debt
负债，欠账
④in
sight
能看到，在视线之内
⑤in
surprise
吃惊地
⑥in
case
以防
⑦in
turn
反过来
⑧in
place
适当；在适当的位置
【语法速递】
If
burns
are
on
arms
or
legs,
keep
them
higher
than
the
heart,
if
possible.
You
can
get
burnt/burned
(burn)
by
a
variety
of
things:
hot
liquids,
steam,
fire,
radiation
(by
being
close
to
high
heat
or
fire,
etc),
the
sun,
electricity
or
chemicals.
There
are
other
times
when
giving
first
aid
quickly
can
save
lives.
John
used
these
to
treat
the
most
severe
injuries
to
Ms
Slade’s
hands.
Burns
are
called
first,
second
or
third
degree
burns,
depending
(depend)
on
which
layers
of
the
skin
are
burned.
Remove
clothing
using
(use)
scissors
if
necessary
unless
it
is
stuck
(stick)
to
the
burn.
I’m
proud
of
what
I
did
but
I
was
just
doing
what
I’d
been
taught.
Examples
include
mild
sunburn
and
burns
caused
by
touching
(touch)
a
hot
pan,
stove
or
iron
for
a
moment.
【典句仿写】
1.
unless引导条件状语从句
【课文原句】Remove
clothing
using
scissors
if
necessary
unless
it
is
stuck
to
the
burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
【仿写】【2018江苏卷】
Unless
you
can
sleep
well,
you
will
lose
the
ability
to
focus,
plan
and
stay
motivated
after
one
or
two
nights.
除非你能睡得好，否则一两个晚上后你就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。
2.
be
doing...
when...意为
“正在做……突然……”
【课文原句】John
was
studying
in
his
room
when
he
heard
screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然他听到了尖叫声。
【仿写】I
was
wondering
whether
to
participate
when
my
English
teacher
came
by,
telling
me
that
it
was
a
good
chance
to
display
my
talent.
我正在想是否参加，这时英语老师走了过来，告诉我这是我展示才华的好机会。
3.
There
is
no
doubt
that...“毫无疑问……”
【课文原句】There
is
no
doubt
that
John’s
quick
thinking
and
the
first
aid
skills
he
learned
at
school
saved
Ms
Slade’s
life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。
【仿写】There
is
no
doubt
that
children
there
are
badly
in
need
of
care
and
help.
毫无疑问，那里的孩子极需要关爱和帮助。(in
need
of)
4.
It
is/was...
that/who...为强调句型
【课文原句】
It
was
John’s
quick
action
and
knowledge
of
first
aid
that
saved
Ms
Slade’s
life.
是约翰敏捷的行动和急救知识挽救了Ms
Slade的生命。
【仿写】
It
was
with
sincerity
and
faithfulness
that
we
created
a
harmonious
atmosphere.
正是拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的氛围。
核心要点探究
【高频单词】
1.
vital
adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的
be
vital
for/to
sth
对……极为重要
be
of
vital
importance
to...
对……至关重要
very
important
It
is
vital
that
sb
(should)
do
sth...
……是极重要的
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①【2019天津卷】Understanding
history
is
vital
to
understanding
(understand)ourselves
as
a
people
and
as
a
nation.
②What’s
more，some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
obey
(obey)
traffic
rules.
(2)微写作
【2018全国卷Ⅰ书面表达】在中国，
当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。
①It
is
of
vital
importance
to
mind
your
table
manners
in
China
when
you
attend
a
dinner
party.
②It
is
vital
you
(should)
mind
your
table
manners
in
China
when
you
attend
a
dinner
party.
2.
treat
vt.
&
vi.治疗；对待；款待
n．款待；招待
(1)
treat
sb
as...
把某人当……看待
treat
sb
to
用……款待某人
(2)
(It’s)
my
treat.
我请客。
【名师点拨】“把……当……看待”的表达形式：
treat...
as...
regard/consider...
as...
think
of...
as...
look
on...
as...
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①After
Sue
was
treated
(treat),
she
thanked
the
doctors
and
nurses
who
had
made
a
big
effort
to
take
care
of
her.
②【2018浙江卷】It
was
summer,
and
my
dad
wanted
to
treat
me
to
a
vacation
like
never
before.
③【2016天津卷】Cathy
suffered
some
terrible
illness
in
her
early
childhood.
After
years
of
regular
treatment
(treat),
she
finally
became
healthy.
④Our
teachers
are
kind
to
us
and
treat
us
as
their
friends.
(2)句式升级
If
the
patient
was
treated
in
a
proper
way,
he
was
likely
to
be
saved.
Treated
in
a
proper
way,
the
patient
was
likely
to
be
saved.(分词作状语)
3.
apply
vi.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用
vi.申请；请求；使用
(1)
apply...
to...
把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上(to为介词)
apply
to
适应；适用于
(to为介词)
apply
for
申请
apply
oneself
to
集中精力于(to为介词)
(2)
applicant
n.
申请人
application
n.
申请；申请书；运用
【活学活用】
(1)单句填空
①Applying
(apply)
yourself
to
your
study,
you
will
pass
your
exam.
②I’d
appreciate
it
if
you
could
take
my
application
(apply)
into
account
at
your
convenience.
③He
slowed
the
bleeding
by
applying
pressure
to
the
wounds
until
the
police
and
ambulance
arrived.
(2)微写作
①【2018·6月浙江卷写作】听说你们需要一些志愿者接待来访问我们学校的国外学生，我很高兴写信申请这份工作。
Hearing
that
you
are
in
need
of
some
volunteers
to
receive
foreign
students
visiting
our
school,
I’m
more
than
delighted
to
apply
for
the
job.
②我们必须写一篇论文，讨论如何将课堂上学到的知识应用到未来的职业中去。
We
had
to
write
a
paper
on
how
we
plan
to
apply
what
we
would
learn
in
class
to
our
future
professions.
【常考短语】
1.
get
injured
受伤
get
infected
感染
get
separated
分离
get
repaired
修理
get
changed
换衣服
get
drunk
喝醉
【名师点拨】“get+过去分词”有两种情况:一是代替be构成被动语态;二是构成系表结构,表示动作的结果或动作变化的逐渐性。能够用于get后构成被动语态的过去分词不多,常见的有arrested,
broken,
caught,
cheated,
delayed,
divorced,
dressed,
drunk,
elected,
killed,
lost,
married,
stuck等。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①If
you
happen
to
get
lost
(lose)
in
the
wilds,
you’d
better
stay
where
you
are
and
wait
for
help.
②My
watch
got
broken
(break)
while
I
was
playing
with
the
children.
③It
can
be
easy
to
lose
your
motivation
if
you
get
bored
(bore)
with
your
exercise
routine.
④Somehow,
in
the
rush
to
get
out
of
the
building
the
little
girl
got
separated
(separate)
from
her
mother.
2.
in
place
在适当的位置；适当
(1)
out
of
place
不在适当位置；不合适
in
place
of
代替；取代
in
the
first
place
首先；第一点
(2)
take
place
发生
take
one’s
place
就座；代替
take
the
place
of
代替；取代
【活学活用】
用place相关短语的适当形式填空
①The
doctor
advised
her
to
eat
more
bean
products
in
place
of
meat
which
might
be
harmful
to
her
heart.
②You’d
better
put
things
back
in
place.
Otherwise,
it
will
be
difficult
to
find
them.
③Important
changes
took
place
in
the
lives
of
women
in
the
20th
century.
④Mary
will
take
the
place
of
Tom
to
arrange
the
meeting
to
be
held
next
week.
⑤Being
poor,
he
felt
completely
out
of
place
among
those
rich
people.
3.
make
a
difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用
(1)
make
no/little
difference
(to
sb/sth)
对……没有作用或影响
make
some
difference
(to
sb/sth)
对某人/物有些作用或影响
make
a
big/great
difference
有很大影响；大有所为
(2)
tell
the
difference
(between...)
分辨；区分；区别
【活学活用】
微写作
①在日常生活中,即使是小小的善意也会对我们的社会产生巨大的影响。
Even
small
kindness
in
our
daily
life
may
make
a
big
difference
to
our
society.
②说实话，我留在这里还是去香港对我来说都没有区别。
Honestly
speaking,
it
makes
no
difference
to
me
whether
I
stay
here
or
go
to
Hong
Kong.
③这对双胞胎非常像，很难去区分他们。
The
twins
are
so
alike;
it’s
difficult
to
tell
the
difference
between
them.
【必备句型】
1.
Remove
clothing
using
scissors
if
necessary
unless
it
is
stuck
to
the
burn.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。
【名师点拨】句型公式：unless引导条件状语从句
(1)unless意为“除非；如果不”，可与if...
not引导的状语从句互换。
(2)在汉译英时，要注意汉语中的“除非”可能表示“只有”的意思，这时不可以用unless，而应用only
if
Only
if
you
own
your
own
house
and
car,
the
girl’s
parents
will
marry
their
daughter
to
you.
(3)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
【活学活用】
单句填空
①【2019天津卷】Tom
is
so
independent
that
he
never
asks
his
parents’
opinion
unless
he
wants
their
support.
②Unless
the
weather
gets
(get)
better,
I
will
stay
at
home.
③I
won’t
attend
the
party
to
be
held
tomorrow
unless
invited
(invite)．
2.
John
was
studying
in
his
room
when
he
heard
screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了尖叫声。
【名师点拨】句型公式：be
doing...
when...
正在做某事……这时
when在本句中是并列连词，连接并列句,意为“这时”，类似句型还有：
be
about
to
do...
when...
正打算做……这时……
be
on
the
point
of
doing...
when...
正要……这时……
had
(just)
done...
when...
刚做了……这时(突然)……
【活学活用】
单句填空
①The
Greens
were
watching
(watch)
TV
at
home
when
they
heard
someone
knocking
at
the
door
loudly.
②She
had
just
finished
(finish)
her
homework
when
her
mother
asked
her
to
practice
playing
the
piano
yesterday.
③She
opened
her
eyes
with
a
start
and
was
about
to
cry
out
when
she
heard
her
father
urgently
telling
her
to
keep
quiet.
④The
thief
was
on
the
point
of
putting
his
hand
into
the
lady’s
handbag
when
the
bus
suddenly
stopped.
高考真题演练
【品句填词】
①【2020全国I卷】
As
a
result,
she
says,
some
of
the
injuries
(injury)
associated
with
running,
such
as
runner’s
knee,
are
uncommon
among
race
walkers.
②【2020全国I卷短文改错】After
that
I
poured
(pour)
oil
into
a
pan
and
turned
on
the
stove,
I
waited
patiently
until
the
oil
was
hot.
③【2020全国III卷】
Stories
like
that
are
more
common
in
parts
of
the
world
where
multigenerational
living
is
more
firmly
(firm)
rooted.
④【2020全国III卷】Other
varieties
(variety)
of
multigenerational
family
are
more
common.
⑤【2020天津卷】Restaurants
can
offer
a
choice
of
music
along
with
the
various
(variety)
food
choices
on
the
menu,
allowing
customers
more
control
over
the
atmosphere
in
which
they
are
dining.
⑥【2020全国I卷】
In
the
future,
the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed(喷射)
onto
plant
leaves
in
an
on-off
treatment
(treat)
that
would
last
the
plant’s
lifetime.
⑦【2020天津卷】
All
who
participated
have
gained
a
positive
outcome
from
getting
involved
(involve).
⑧【2020浙江卷语法填空】Over
thousands
of
years,
they
began
to
depend
less
on
what
could
be
hunted
or
gathered
from
the
wild,
and
more
on
animals
they
had
raised
and
crops
they
had
sown.
⑨【2020全国III卷完形填空】
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
damage
it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
⑩【2019全国I卷书面表达】
Knowing
that
the
local
art
gallery
will
hold
an
exhibition
of
Chinese
paintings,
I
am
writing
to
apply
for
volunteering.
语言素养提升
【句式升级】
①【2019浙江卷书面表达】You
shared
with
me
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
It
is
you
who/that
shared
with
me
rich
knowledge
of
English
and
English
culture.
(用强调句型来升级)
②【2019全国III卷书面表达】
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
Then
there
will
be
different
fantastic
performances
played
by
talented
students.
The
opening
ceremony
will
start
at
9:00
am,
and
the
schoolmaster
will
deliver
a
speech.
Then
there
will
be
varieties
of/various
fantastic
performances
played
by
talented
students.
(用高级词汇来升级蓝色字体部分)
【主题写作】
你校英文报正在开展主题为“急救知识”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己所了解的急救知识，并给英文报社投稿。
【分化步骤,先句后篇】
1.
列提纲,补全要点句。
①割伤是日常生活中非常常见的伤，会疼、肿或流血。
Cuts
are
very
common
injuries
in
our
daily
life,
which
will
cause
pain,
swelling
or
bleeding.
②伤员也许会感染甚至死亡。
The
victims
may
get
infected
or
even
die.
③知道一些处理割伤的知识的确起作用。
A
knowledge
of
how
to
treat
cuts
can
make
a
big
difference.
④对简单的割伤，只需要洗净伤口部位，擦干并用干燥而干净的布包扎。
For
a
simple
cut,
it
is
only
necessary
to
wash
the
area
of
the
cut,
dry
it
and
cover
it
with
a
piece
of
dry
clean
cloth.
⑤如果这个人流血很严重，通过向伤口施压止血至关重要。
If
the
person
is
bleeding
badly/heavily,
it
is
vital
that
you
should
try
to
stop
the
bleeding
by
applying
pressure
to
the
injury.
⑥那是因为如果他/她失去三分之一的血，也许会死掉。
That
is
because
if
a
person
loses
one
third
of
his
or
her
blood,
he
or
she
may
die.
⑦如果必要的话，把伤员送往医院。(省略句)
If
necessary,
take
the
injured
person
to
the
hospital.
2.
运用高级词汇和句型升级平淡句
①利用强调句型升级句③
It
is
a
knowledge
of
how
to
treat
cuts
that
can
make
a
big
difference.
3.
恰当运用过渡词,完美布局成篇
Cuts
are
very
common
injuries
in
our
daily
life,
which
will
cause
pain,
swelling
or
bleeding.
What’s
worse,
the
victims
may
get
infected
or
even
die.
However,
it
is
a
knowledge
of
how
to
treat
cuts
that
can
make
a
big
difference.
For
a
simple
cut,
it
is
only
necessary
to
wash
the
area
of
the
cut,
dry
it
and
cover
it
with
a
piece
of
dry
clean
cloth.
If
the
person
is
bleeding
badly/heavily,
it
is
vital
that
you
should
try
to
stop
the
bleeding
by
applying
pressure
to
the
injury.
That
is
because
if
a
person
loses
one
third
of
his
or
her
blood,
he
or
she
may
die.
If
necessary,
take
the
injured
person
to
the
hospital.
