中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Module
9
Great
inventions
模块小结
要点1
borrow;
lend和keep
(1)
borrow是“借进”，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow
sth.
from
sb.
/
somewhere结构，意为“从某人/某地借来某物”。例如：
He
borrowed
a
lot
of
money
from
the
bank.
他从银行借了很多钱。
(2)
lend是“借出”，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend
sth.
to
sb.
或lend
sb.
sth.结构中，意为“借给某人某物”。
I
don’t
like
to
lend
my
TV
set
to
Tom.
我不想把电视机借给Tom。
(3)
keep
意为“保存”，是延续性动词，borrow是瞬间动词，如果与一段时间连用，要用keep代替borrow。例如：
Can
I
keep
the
book
a
little
longer?
我借这本书的时间能长点吗？
【典例分析】
1、用borrow,
lend
和keep填空
（1）—Can
I________
this
book?
—Yes,
but
you
mustn’t
________
it
to
others.
（2）He
a
car
from
his
friend
,
and
went
to
the
airport
in
a
hurry.
（3）I
have
__________
the
book
for
two
weeks.
I
will
return
it
to
the
library
this
afternoon.
【点拨】(1)borrow
借入
lend
借出。
（2）borrowed
（3）kept
借多久。用keep
2.
Linda
called
to________
my
bike
just
now
and
she
said
she
would
return
it
to
me
on
Friday
morning.
A.
lend
B.
borrow
C.
fix
D.
store
【点拨】B句意：琳达刚才打电话借我的自行车，她说星期五上午还给我。
考查动词辨析。A.
lend
借（主语借出）；
B.
borrow借（主语借入）；C.
fix
修理；
D.
store储藏；根据she
said
she
would
return
it
to
me
on
Friday
morning这里提到了归还，所以空格处应该是借。故选B。
3.
—How
long
may
I
your
bike??
—For
a
week.
But
you
mustn’t it
to
others.?
A.
borrow;
lend
B.
keep;
lend
C.
lend;
borrow
D.
keep;
borrow
【点拨】B
【解析】考查词语辨析。borrow意为“借入”;lend意为“借出”,lend
sth.to
sb.意为“把某物借给某人”;“借多长时间”用keep,为延续性动词。how
long和延续性动词连用,故第一空为keep;由答语第二句句意“但是你不能把它借给别人”可知,第二空为lend。故选B。
4.
—Jim,
may
I
________
your
camera?
—Sure,
but
you'd
better
not________
it
to
others.
A.
lend;
lend
B.
borrow;
borrow
C.
lend;
borrow
D.
borrow;
lend
【点拨】D
【解析】句意：Jim,我可以借你的相机吗？——当然了，但是你最好不要把它借给别人。本题考查动词词义。borrow的意思是“借入”，常用短语是borrow···from···；lend的意思是“借出”，常用短语是lend···to···，结合语境及句意知答案选D。
要点2
look
through
look
through是动副结构，意为“浏览，仔细地看”。其后接名词或代词，但代词需放在look和through的中间。另外，look
through还有“透过……看”之意。例如：
Before
the
meeting,
I
looked
through
the
reports.
会议前，我浏览了报告。
The
boy
is
looking
through
the
window
of
his
house.
那个男孩正透过他家的窗户看。
【拓展】look
的相关短语：
look
up(在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息
look
for寻找
look
over(医生)仔细检查
look
around
环顾四周
look
after照看
look
at
看……
look
down
on
看不起
【典例分析】
1.My
grandmother
enjoys
newspapers
after
dinner
every
day,
and
she
often
tells
me
something
new
in
the
world.?
A.
looking
up
B.
looking
for
C.
looking
at
D.
looking
through
【点拨】D 考查短语辨析。句意:我的奶奶每天喜欢饭后读报,并且她经常给我讲世界上的新东西。look
up“抬头看,查找”;look
for“寻找”;look
at“看”;look
through“浏览,快速阅读”。故选D。
2.
Lily
didn’t
come
to
school
yesterday
because
she
had
to
______
her
sick
mother
at
home.
A.
look
after
B.
look
over
C.
look
up
D.
look
like
【点拨】A
莉莉昨天没来上学，因为她得在家照顾生病的母亲。A.
look
after
照顾
B.
look
over
仔细检查
C.
look
up查阅
D.
look
like看起来像。
3.
Would
you
please
______
the
paper
for
me
and
see
if
there
are
any
obvious
mistakes?
A.
look
around
B.
look
into
C.
look
forward
to
D.
look
through
【点拨】D
A.
look
around环视
B.
look
into
调查
C.
look
forward
to期待
D.
look
through
浏览。故D符合题意。
4.—I
don’t
know
the
new
word.
—It
doesn’t
matter,
you
can
________
in
the
dictionary.
A．look
up
it
B．look
it
up
C．look
for
it
【点拨】B
【解析】句意：我不认识这个生词，没关系，你可以在字典里查一下它。
考查动词短语的辨析。look
for的意思是“寻找”；look
up的意思是“查字典”，跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间，因此，答案为B项。
5.—What’s
the
meaning
of
“One
Belt
and
One
Road”?
—Let
me
_____
the
words
in
the
new
dictionary.
A.
look
at
B.
look
for
C.
look
after
D.
look
up
【点拨】D
用短语辨析法解题。look
at
看……；look
for
寻找；look
after
照顾；look
up
查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。
6.When
you
don’t
know
a
word，you
can________
in
the
dictionary．
A.
look
it
up
B.
set
it
up
C.
give
it
up
D.
pick
it
up
【点拨】考查固定短语。
A.
look
it
up查单词；B.
set
it
up
建立；C.
give
it
up放弃；D.
pick
it
up
拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。
7.
My
mother
is
ill
in
hospital.
I
have
to
________
my
grandparents
at
home.
A．look
for
B．look
at
C．look
up
D．look
after
【点拨】A．look
for
寻找
B．look
at看
C．look
up
查阅
D．look
after照顾。根据句意选D。
8.
Here
is
the
book.
First
________
it
and
then
tell
me
what
you
think
of
it.
A.
look
into
B.
look
through
C.
look
up
D.
look
after
【点拨】B
look
into观察，窥视；look
through浏览，温习；look
up向上看，查阅；look
after照顾，关心。句意：书在这里。先浏览一遍，然后告诉我你觉得怎么样。结合语境可知选B。
要点3
in
a
way
in
a
way意为“从某种意义上说，从某种程度上说，从某一点来看”，是介词短语。例如：
In?a
way，it
is
an
important
book.
在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。
【拓展】
(1)
in
the
way有“挡路；妨碍，阻碍”的意思。例如：
Sorry,
you
are
in
the
way.
对不起，你挡路了。
(2)
on
the
way
意为“在去某地的路上”。例如：
On
the
way
to
the
station，I
bought
some
chocolate.
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
(3)
by
the
way意为“顺便说一声”。例如：
By
the
way，have
you
seen
Harry
recently？
顺便说一句，你最近见过Harry吗？
与way
相关的短语：
all
the
way
:
自始至终;
by
the
way
:顺便说，顺便问一下;
way
to
do
/
of
doing
sth
:做某事的方法
in
a
way:在某种程度上
in
one'
s
way:
挡路
lose
one'
s
way:
迷路
in
some
/
many
ways
:在很多方面。
【典例分析】
1.从某种程度上说，这项工作做得不错。
The
work
is
well
done_________________.
【点拨】in
a
way.
在某种程度上
2.她的社交生活妨碍了学业。
Her
social
life
_______________________
her
studies.
【点拨】got
in
the
way
of
“挡路；妨碍，阻碍”
3.
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
_____________the
station,
I
bought
some
chocolate。
【点拨】on
the
way
to
意为“在去某地的路上”
4.巴巴拉一路上沉默着，但是她bai也说了这样的话。
Barbara
had
been
silent_____________,
but
she
said
so
too.
【点拨】all
the
way
:
自始至终;
5.顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？
__________________,
have
you
seen
Harry
recently？
【点拨】by
the
way
:顺便说，顺便问一下;
要点4
by
hand
by
hand意为“用手的，亲自的；手工”，是介词短语。例如：
Rice
farmers
here
still
plant
and
harvest
their
crops
by
hand.
这里种植水稻的农场主仍是手工种植和收割庄稼。
The
letter
was
delivered
by
hand.
那封信是派专人送去的。
【拓展】
by
the
hand意为“牵手，拉手，握手”。例如：
He
clasped
his
old
friend
by
the
hand.
他紧紧地握住老朋友的手.
【典例分析】
1.他牵着迪克森的手把他领进屋。
He
took
Dickson
______________
to
lead
him
into
the
house.
【点拨】by
the
hand
2.这盘子是银制的，是手工打造的
The
dish
was
made
of
silver,
beaten
out
______________.
【点拨】by
hand
3.Now
things
made
by
machine
are
cheaper
than
those
made
hand.?
A.at
B.in
C.by
D.
with
【点拨】C句意:现在由机器制作的东西要比那些手工制作的东西便宜。by
hand“用手工”。
要点5
put
up
（1）put
up
是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，意为“张贴；公布”。例如:
The
principal
put
up
the
exam
result.
校长公布了这次考试的结果。
（2）put
up
意为“提高；增加；抬高(租金、价格等)”。例如
：
My
landlord
was
threatening
to
put
the
rent
up
by
10
dollars
a
week.
我房东要挟说要把每周房租提高10美元。
【拓展】
(1)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词时，宾语可以放在副词之前，也可以放在副词之后。例如：
Please
take
the
book
away.
=
Please
take
away
the
book。请把这本书拿走。
I
put
my
coat
on.
=
I
put
on
my
coat.
我穿上了我的外套。
(2)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语为代词时，宾语只能放在副词之前。例如：
I
don’t
like
the
book.
Please
take
it
away.
我不喜欢这本书，请把它拿走。（不能说
Please
take
away
it.）
I
took
out
my
coat
and
put
it
on.
我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能说
put
on
it）
Put构成的短语
put
up挂；张贴；公布；举起；搭起；
put
off
推迟
put
away
收起来
put
on
穿上；戴上；体重上升
put
down
放下
put
up
with
忍受
put
out
扑灭；熄灭
【典例分析】
1.—Jason,
would
you
please
this
notice??
—With
pleasure.
A.
put
on
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
out
【点拨】C 句意:——Jason,请你把这个通知 好吗?——愿意效劳。put
on“穿上”;put
off“推迟”;
put
up
“张贴”;put
out“熄灭”。只有C项符合语境。?
2.
Tony
bought
a
photo
of
his
favourite
sports
star
and________
on
his
bedroom
wall.
A.
gave
it
up
B.
found
it
out
C.
looked
it
through
D.
put
it
up
【点拨】D句意：托尼买了一张他最喜欢的运动明星的照片，贴到他卧室的墙上。
考查动词短语。give
up
放弃；find
out找出来；look
through浏览；put
up张贴；根据on
his
bedroom
wall可知，这里指贴在墙上。故选D。
3.
—Jason,
could
you
please
________
this
picture
on
the
wall?
—With
pleasure.
A.
put
on
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
out
【点拨】C句意：Jason，请把这幅画张贴在墙上好吗？——非常乐意。本题考查动词短语。A.
put
on
穿上；
B.
put
off推迟，拖延；C.
put
up
张贴；
D.
put
out熄灭；用；发表。根据句意选C。
4.The
exam
is
over
and
results
will
be
on
Friday
afternoon.
A.
put
down
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
away
【点拨】考查动词短语辨析。句意：考试结束了，成绩将在星期五下午公布。put
down
放下；
put
off
推迟；put
up
张贴，公布；put
away
收起来。根据句意可知考试成绩将要公布。故选C。
要点6
at
a
time
at
a
time意为“每次；一次”，强调具体的某一次，常用于“数词+at?a?time”的结构中。例如：
Let
your
listener
answer
one
question
at
a
time.
让你的听众一次回答一个问题。
She
reads
books
for
hours
at
a
time.
她常常看一看书就是几个小时。
【拓展】
at
times意为“有时；不时；间或”，强调这种事不止一次，不时都会发生的。例如：I?like?Bob?but?he’s?very?annoying?at?times.?
??我喜欢鲍勃，但是他有时也很烦人。?
at
a
time
每次；一次
辨析：at
a
time、at
one
time
与at
times
at
a
time
意为“每次；一次”，常用于“数词+名词+at
a
time”结构中
at
one
time
意为“曾经；一度”,
常用于一般过去时的句子中
at
times
意为“有时；间或”,
相当于sometimes,
表示频率
2)常见有关time的搭配:
on
time
准时,按时;
in
time
及时;
in
no
time
立刻,马上;
all
the
time
始终,一直;
at
the
same
time
同时。
【典例分析】
1.
The
lift
isn't
very
large.
It
can
only
take
eight
people________.
A.
at
a
time
B.
in
a
way
C.
for
a
time
D.
by
the
way
【点拨】A
句意：这个电梯不太大，一次它仅仅载8个人。考查介词短语。A.
at
a
time
一次；B.
in
a
way在某种程度；C.
for
a
time
一段时间；
D.
by
the
way顺便问一下。根据It
can
only
take
eight
people可知，这里指一次可以载人的数量。故选A。
2.
My
cousin
told
me
that
he
could
eat
three
big
apples
_____.
A.
at
time
B.
at
a
time
C.
some
time
D.
some
times
【点拨】B本题主要考查短语辨析，at
a
time一次；some
time一段时间；some
times几倍或多次；根据题意可知一次吃三个大苹果，故选B
3.请用sometime,
sometimes,
some
time和some
times适当的单词或词组填空：
1）I
will
see
you
___________
in
the
future.
2）We
tried
it
for
___________,
but
we
still
can’t
do
it.
3）It
will
take
____________,
not
too
long.
4）It
rained
______________
in
Beijing
in
autumn.
【点拨】：sometime,
some
times,
some
time,
from
time
to
time/
sometimes
4.I
looked
at
my
watch
_______
to
make
sure
I
was
not
late.
A.
from
time
to
time
B.
in
time
C.
at
the
same
time
D.
on
time
【点拨】A句意：我不时的看我的手表，以确保没有迟到。考查介词短语。A.
from
time
to
time不时、有时；B.
in
time及时；C.
at
the
same
time同时；D.
on
time准时、按时。根据句意“我不时的看我的手表，以确保没有迟到。”结合选项可知A选项符合题意，故答案选A。
要点7
The
internet
is
more
powerful
than
books.
more后接多音节形容词或副词，构成比较级，表示对两者进行比较，意为“比……更……”。如：
He
is
more
careful
than
the
others.
他比其他人更仔细。
【拓展】
(1)more…than…表示“比……更多”，此时more为many或much的比较级，表示数量，后接名词。
(2)I
made
more
mistakes
than
you.
我犯的错误比你多。
He’s
got
more
money
than
the
rest
of
us
together.
他的钱比我们大家的加在一起的总数还多。
【注意】
若more受much或many的修饰，则应分别与不可数和可数名词连用。例如：
His
car
cost
much
more
money
than
mine.
他的小汽车所花的钱比我的多得多。
There
are
many
more
people
than
we
expected.
这里的人比我们想象的要多得多。
（2）more…than…表示“与其说……不如说……”，此时不是对两个对象进行比较，而是对同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较或取舍，此时不论形容词或副词是单音节、双音节还是多音节，一律用more…than…。例如：
He
is
more
lucky
than
clever.
与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。
【典例分析】
1.乘火车旅行比开汽车轻松得多
Travelling
by
train
is
________
_________than
driving.
【点拨】more
relaxing
2.
竹子不只是用于建筑。
Bamboo
is
used
for__________
_________
building.
【点拨】more
than.
.
more
than
可放在名词之前，表示“不只是；不仅仅”
3.他今年50多岁。
He
is
_________
___________50
years
old.
【点拨】more
than=over
more
than
可放在数词之前，意为“超过；不止；以上”
4.与其说鲁迅是一位思想家，不如说他是一位作家。
Lu
Xun
is________
a
writer
________a
thinker.
【点拨】more
than
more
B
than
A是固定搭配，意为“与其说A不如说B”
5.
Li
Na
is
________
a
sportswoman.
She
is
also
a
symbol
of
success.
A．more
than
B．not
more
than
C．no
more
than
D．only
【点拨】A
more
than
可放在名词之前，表示“不只是；不仅仅”
要点8
thousands
of
好几千；成千上万
thousands
of，意为“好几千，成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”，用来表示不确定的数目时，thousand应变为复数，且在后面加of。
拓展：与thousand用法类似的词
Hundred
(百),
thousand
(千),
million
(百万)等表示概数时，本身要用复数形式，后接“of+可数名词复数”，即“hundreds/thousands/millions
+of+名词复数”，意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词，则直接用hundred
/thousand/million等，不用复数形式，也不加of。
It
cost
me
two
hundred
dollars.它花了我200美元
The
restaurant
receives
hundreds
of
customers
every
day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客
【典例分析】
1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。
Every
year
trees
are
planted
on
the
hills
to
protect
the
environment.
【点拨】thousands
of
2.
It
is
reported
that
nearly
_________
foreign
kids
joined
a
British
boarding
school
last
year，and
a
third
of
them
came
from
China．
A.
nine
thousand
B.
nine
thousands
C.
nine
thousand
of
D.
nine
thousands
of
【点拨】A句意：据悉，去年近九千个外国孩子加入了英国寄宿学校，其中三分之一来自中国。
考查数量的表达。thousand名词，千；前面有具体数字时，后面thousand不能用复数，也不能跟of;
thousands
of表示约数。故选A。
3.
birds
have
come
back
because
the
environment
here
becomes
better
and
better.
A.
Thousands
of
B.
Thousand
of
C.
Thousands
D.
Thousands
【点拨】
A
考查数词的用法。句意:数千只鸟已经回来，因为这里的环境变得越来越好。thousands
of数千的，thousand
与数词连用时使用单数，与of连用时使用复数。故选A。
4.
It
is
reported
that
there
are
over
______
koalas
dying
in
the
disastrous
wild
fire
broke
out
recently
in
Australia.
A.
thousands
of
B.
8
thousands
C.
8
thousands
of
D.
8
thousand
【解析】1.
D
millions
of
数以百万计的。概数。
不能与具体数字连用。2.D
thousands
of
数以千计的。Thousand可以与具体数字连用。Thousand后面不加“s”。
要点9
amount
量;数量
a
large
amount
of
，意为“大量的”，为固定短语，amount意为“量；数量”，通常用于an
amount
of
,
a
great/large
amount
of
,
amounts
of
这类结构，其后通常接不可数名词。
拓展：an
mount
of
,
a
large/great
amount
of
,
amounts
of
修饰名词用作主语时，其谓语的数取决于amount的数。
A
large
amount
of
money
was
spent
on
the
bridge.
=
Large
amount
of
money
were
spent
on
the
bridge.
在这座桥上花了大量资金
【典例分析】
1.
To
save
the
life
of
the
boy,
a
large
________
of
work
was
done
in
a
short
time.
A.
collection
B.
amount
C.
pair
D.
record
【点拨】
B。本题考查名词辨析。collection意为“收集”，amount意为“量；数量”，pair意为“一对”，record意为“记录”，结合句意可知应选B。
2.她携带大量的现金离开了。
She
carried
cash
and
went
away.
【点拨】an
amount
of
要点10
introduction
n
引进；采用；推行
introduce
v
介绍
introduce…to…
把……介绍给……
辨析：instruction与introduction
instruction
多指对做法、步骤的“指示、说明”，
常用复数形式。
introduction
多指对事物性质、形状等的“介绍”。
【典例分析】
1.Read
the
carefully.
They
will
help
you
know
how
to
use
the
machine.?
A.
instructions
B.
decisions
C.
results
D.
introductions
【点拨】A 考查名词辨析。instructions“使用说明”;decisions“决定”;results“结果”;introductions“前言,介绍”。由后句“它们会帮你了解怎样使用这台机器”可推知前句表示“仔细阅读使用说明”。
2.
Always
read
the
________
carefully
before
you
start.
It
tells
you
how
to
use
the
machine.
A.
instructions
B.
decisions
C.
results
D.
introduction
【点拨】A句意：开始前一定要仔细阅读说明书.。它告诉你怎样使用这台机器。本题考查名词词义辨析。A.
instructions说明书；
B.
decisions决定；C.
results
结果
；
D.
introduction介绍。根据句意选A。
要点11
1.
改变某人的生活
2.
大量的
3.
拍照
4.
张贴；公布
5.
收到某人的来信
6.
收发邮件
7.
将来
8.
好几千；成千上万
9.
随着……的发明
10.
对……有重大影响
11.
在某人去……的路上
12.
快速阅读；浏览
13
用手；靠手做
14.
结果
15
有机会做某事
16.
在某种意义上；从某种程度上
17.
把……比作
18.
在二十世纪
【答案】
1.change
one’s
life
2.
Amount
of
3.take
photos
4.put
up
5.hear
from
6.send
and
receive
emails
7.in
the
future
8.thousands
of
9.with
the
invention
of
10.
have
great
influence
on...
11.on
the
way
to
12.look
through
13.by
hand
14.as
result
of
15.
have
a/the
chance
to
do
sth.
16.
in
a
way
pare
to
18.
in
the
twentieth
century
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态时，句子的主语是这个动作的执行者；在被动语态时，句子的主语是这个动作的承受者。如：
They
built
this
house.
他们建造了这座房子。
主语they是built这个动作的执行者，动词用主动语态。
The
house
was
built
by
them.
这座房子是由他们建造的。
主语the
house是built这个动作的承受者，动词用被动语态。
1
“be
+（及物动词的）过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式。be有人称、数和时态的变化。以动词do为例，几种常用时态的主动语态和被动语态的结构形式如下：
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do
/
does
am
/
is
/
are
done
一般过去时
did
was
/
were
done
现在进行时
am
/
is
/
are
doing
am
/
is
/
are
being
done
过去进行时
was
/
were
doing
was
/
were
being
done
一般将来时
will
/
shall
do
will
/
shall
be
done
现在完成时
has
/
have
done
has
/
have
been
done
2
被动语态的否定句和疑问句。
(1)
被动语态的否定句在be后加not。如：
The
song
is
not
liked
by
young
people.
这首歌不受年轻人喜爱。
(2)
被动语态的疑问句将be提至主语前。如：
Is
Chinese
used
only
in
China?
汉语只在中国使用吗？
—
Are
these
computers
made
in
the
USA?
这些电脑是美国制造的吗？
—
Yes,
they
are.
是的。
No,
they
aren’t.
不，不是的。
【典例分析】
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.
A
wonderful
party
_______________________
(give)
to
him
next
week.
【答案】will
be
given
【解析】
主语A
wonderful
party是动作give
的承受着。故用一般将来时的被动语态。
2.
Mother
___________________
(tell)
me
a
story
every
night.
【答案】tells
【解析】
主语是动作tell
的执行者。用主动语态。
3.
Rice
_____________________(plant)
in
China.
【答案】is
planted
【解析】
主语rice
是动作plant的承受着。用一般现在时的被动语态。
4.
Tom
___________________(use)
computer
every
Saturday.
【答案】uses
【解析】主语Tom是动作的执行者。用主动语态。
5.
Maths
____________________(teach)
by
Mr.
Chen
in
our
class.
【答案】is
taught
【解析】
主语是动作的承受着故用被动语态。
6.
English
____________________(speak)
all
over
the
world.
【答案】is
spoken
【解析】主语是动作的承受着故用被动语态。
7.
The
film
____________________
(show)
last
night..
【答案】was
showed/shown
【解析】
主语The
film是动作的承受着故用被动语态。一般过去式。
8.
I
___________________
(see)
a
wonderful
film
last
night..
【答案】saw
【解析】主语I是动作see的执行者。用主动语态
。一般过去时。
9.
The
letters
____________________
(write)
by
him
last
night.
【答案】were
written
【解析】主语The
letters是动作的承受着故用被动语态。一般过去式
10.
We
________(visit)
the
museum
next
week.
【答案】will
visit
【解析】主语We是动作的执行者。用主动语态。
二、把下列句子改为被动语态
1.
They
often
plant
trees
in
spring
every
year.
【答案】Trees
are
planted
in
spring
every
year.
2.We
should
do
our
homework.
【答案】Our
homework
should
be
done
(by
us).
3.Did
Mark
Twin
write
the
book?
【答案】Was
the
book
written
by
Mark
Twin?
4.The
workers
won’t
finish
the
railway
in
a
year.
【答案】The
railway
won’t
be
finished
in
a
year
by
the
workers.
5.The
company
will
print
millions
of
new
books.
【答案】Millions
of
new
books
will
be
printed
by
the
company.
话题九
发明创造
本模块的主要话题是“发明”,围绕这一话题谈论历史上及日常生活中的一些重要发明及其用途。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能简单介绍某项发明的历史、用途以及特点等;
2.能介绍自己想发明的东西,并说明其用途及发明它的原因;
3.能正确使用一般将来时的被动语态。
【常用词汇】
electronic
电子的
technology
科技;技术
memory
存储器
powerful
有影响力的
spread
传播;蔓延
introduction
引进;采用;推行
store
存储;储藏
replace
替换;取代
development
发展
a
large
amount
of
大量
as
a
result
因此
at
a
time
每次;一次
in
a
way
在某种程度上
compare...to
把……比作
look
through
浏览
【常用句型】
Will
computers
be
used
more
than
books
in
the
future?
Knowledge
and
ideas
spread
faster
than
ever
before.
Today,
with
the
invention
of
the
computer
and
electronic
technology,
it’s
easy
to
get
information
on
the
Internet.
The
Internet
was
invented
by
the
US
government
in
the
1960s,for
the
army
to
use.
Telephone
is
widely
used
and
plays
an
important
role
in
our
daily
life
now.
It
has
a
long
history
of...
When
I
grow
up,
I
want
to
invent...because...
With
the
development
of...,our
life
has
changed
a
lot.
It
seems
impossible
to
imagine
life
without
them.
【实战演练】
发明改变了我们的生活，带给了我们方便快捷。请结合生活实际，展示部分伟大的发明成果，比如轮子、照相机、灯等，并说明它们在我们生活中的重要性。
要求：语句通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，字迹工整，可适当发挥。词数不少于80。
【答案】
We
know
there
have
been
many
great
inventions
in
the
world.
They
have
changed
the
way
we
live.
For
example,
the
first
great
invention
was
the
wheel.
It
is
still
very
important
today.
This
made
it
easier
to
carry
heavy
things
and
to
travel
long
distances.
Then
many
great
inventions
were
made,
such
as
the
camera,
the
light
and
the
radio.
These
all
play
a
big
part
in
our
life
today.
I
think
new
inventions
will
allow
us
to
do
things
we
have
never
dreamed
of
before.
In
a
word,
more
inventions
are
needed.
As
students,
we
should
study
hard.
One
day,
we
will
have
our
own
new
inventions.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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Module
9
Great
inventions
模块小结
要点1
borrow;
lend和keep
(1)
borrow是“借进”，即说话人向别人借东西供自己用，常用于borrow
sth.
from
sb.
/
somewhere结构，意为“从某人/某地借来某物”。例如：
He
borrowed
a
lot
of
money
from
the
bank.
他从银行借了很多钱。
(2)
lend是“借出”，即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用，常用于lend
sth.
to
sb.
或lend
sb.
sth.结构中，意为“借给某人某物”。
I
don’t
like
to
lend
my
TV
set
to
Tom.
我不想把电视机借给Tom。
(3)
keep
意为“保存”，是延续性动词，borrow是瞬间动词，如果与一段时间连用，要用keep代替borrow。例如：
Can
I
keep
the
book
a
little
longer?
我借这本书的时间能长点吗？
【典例分析】
1、用borrow,
lend
和keep填空
（1）—Can
I________
this
book?
—Yes,
but
you
mustn’t
________
it
to
others.
（2）He
a
car
from
his
friend
,
and
went
to
the
airport
in
a
hurry.
（3）I
have
__________
the
book
for
two
weeks.
I
will
return
it
to
the
library
this
afternoon.
2.
Linda
called
to________
my
bike
just
now
and
she
said
she
would
return
it
to
me
on
Friday
morning.
A.
lend
B.
borrow
C.
fix
D.
store
3.
—How
long
may
I
your
bike??
—For
a
week.
But
you
mustn’t it
to
others.?
A.
borrow;
lend
B.
keep;
lend
C.
lend;
borrow
D.
keep;
borrow
4.
—Jim,
may
I
________
your
camera?
—Sure,
but
you'd
better
not________
it
to
others.
A.
lend;
lend
B.
borrow;
borrow
C.
lend;
borrow
D.
borrow;
lend
要点2
look
through
look
through是动副结构，意为“浏览，仔细地看”。其后接名词或代词，但代词需放在look和through的中间。另外，look
through还有“透过……看”之意。例如：
Before
the
meeting,
I
looked
through
the
reports.
会议前，我浏览了报告。
The
boy
is
looking
through
the
window
of
his
house.
那个男孩正透过他家的窗户看。
【拓展】look
的相关短语：
look
up(在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息
look
for寻找
look
over(医生)仔细检查
look
around
环顾四周
look
after照看
look
at
看……
look
down
on
看不起
【典例分析】
1.My
grandmother
enjoys
newspapers
after
dinner
every
day,
and
she
often
tells
me
something
new
in
the
world.?
A.
looking
up
B.
looking
for
C.
looking
at
D.
looking
through
2.
Lily
didn’t
come
to
school
yesterday
because
she
had
to
______
her
sick
mother
at
home.
A.
look
after
B.
look
over
C.
look
up
D.
look
like
3.
Would
you
please
______
the
paper
for
me
and
see
if
there
are
any
obvious
mistakes?
A.
look
around
B.
look
into
C.
look
forward
to
D.
look
through
4.—I
don’t
know
the
new
word.
—It
doesn’t
matter,
you
can
________
in
the
dictionary.
A．look
up
it
B．look
it
up
C．look
for
it
5.—What’s
the
meaning
of
“One
Belt
and
One
Road”?
—Let
me
_____
the
words
in
the
new
dictionary.
A.
look
at
B.
look
for
C.
look
after
D.
look
up
6.When
you
don’t
know
a
word，you
can________
in
the
dictionary．
A.
look
it
up
B.
set
it
up
C.
give
it
up
D.
pick
it
up
7.
My
mother
is
ill
in
hospital.
I
have
to
________
my
grandparents
at
home.
A．look
for
B．look
at
C．look
up
D．look
after
8.
Here
is
the
book.
First
________
it
and
then
tell
me
what
you
think
of
it.
A.
look
into
B.
look
through
C.
look
up
D.
look
after
要点3
in
a
way
in
a
way意为“从某种意义上说，从某种程度上说，从某一点来看”，是介词短语。例如：
In?a
way，it
is
an
important
book.
在某种意义上，这是一本重要的书。
【拓展】
(1)
in
the
way有“挡路；妨碍，阻碍”的意思。例如：
Sorry,
you
are
in
the
way.
对不起，你挡路了。
(2)
on
the
way
意为“在去某地的路上”。例如：
On
the
way
to
the
station，I
bought
some
chocolate.
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
(3)
by
the
way意为“顺便说一声”。例如：
By
the
way，have
you
seen
Harry
recently？
顺便说一句，你最近见过Harry吗？
与way
相关的短语：
all
the
way
:
自始至终;
by
the
way
:顺便说，顺便问一下;
way
to
do
/
of
doing
sth
:做某事的方法
in
a
way:在某种程度上
in
one'
s
way:
挡路
lose
one'
s
way:
迷路
in
some
/
many
ways
:在很多方面。
【典例分析】
1.从某种程度上说，这项工作做得不错。
The
work
is
well
done_________________.
2.她的社交生活妨碍了学业。
Her
social
life
_______________________
her
studies.
3.
在去车站的路上我买了些巧克力。
_____________the
station,
I
bought
some
chocolate。
4.巴巴拉一路上沉默着，但是她bai也说了这样的话。
Barbara
had
been
silent_____________,
but
she
said
so
too.
5.顺便说一句，你最近见过哈里吗？
__________________,
have
you
seen
Harry
recently？
要点4
by
hand
by
hand意为“用手的，亲自的；手工”，是介词短语。例如：
Rice
farmers
here
still
plant
and
harvest
their
crops
by
hand.
这里种植水稻的农场主仍是手工种植和收割庄稼。
The
letter
was
delivered
by
hand.
那封信是派专人送去的。
【拓展】
by
the
hand意为“牵手，拉手，握手”。例如：
He
clasped
his
old
friend
by
the
hand.
他紧紧地握住老朋友的手.
【典例分析】
1.他牵着迪克森的手把他领进屋。
He
took
Dickson
______________
to
lead
him
into
the
house.
2.这盘子是银制的，是手工打造的
The
dish
was
made
of
silver,
beaten
out
______________.
3.Now
things
made
by
machine
are
cheaper
than
those
made
hand.?
A.at
B.in
C.by
D.
with
要点5
put
up
（1）put
up
是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，意为“张贴；公布”。例如:
The
principal
put
up
the
exam
result.
校长公布了这次考试的结果。
（2）put
up
意为“提高；增加；抬高(租金、价格等)”。例如
：
My
landlord
was
threatening
to
put
the
rent
up
by
10
dollars
a
week.
我房东要挟说要把每周房租提高10美元。
【拓展】
(1)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语是名词时，宾语可以放在副词之前，也可以放在副词之后。例如：
Please
take
the
book
away.
=
Please
take
away
the
book。请把这本书拿走。
I
put
my
coat
on.
=
I
put
on
my
coat.
我穿上了我的外套。
(2)“动词加副词”构成的短语，如果宾语为代词时，宾语只能放在副词之前。例如：
I
don’t
like
the
book.
Please
take
it
away.
我不喜欢这本书，请把它拿走。（不能说
Please
take
away
it.）
I
took
out
my
coat
and
put
it
on.
我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能说
put
on
it）
Put构成的短语
put
up挂；张贴；公布；举起；搭起；
put
off
推迟
put
away
收起来
put
on
穿上；戴上；体重上升
put
down
放下
put
up
with
忍受
put
out
扑灭；熄灭
【典例分析】
1.—Jason,
would
you
please
this
notice??
—With
pleasure.
A.
put
on
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
out
2.
Tony
bought
a
photo
of
his
favourite
sports
star
and________
on
his
bedroom
wall.
A.
gave
it
up
B.
found
it
out
C.
looked
it
through
D.
put
it
up
3.
—Jason,
could
you
please
________
this
picture
on
the
wall?
—With
pleasure.
A.
put
on
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
out
4.The
exam
is
over
and
results
will
be
on
Friday
afternoon.
A.
put
down
B.
put
off
C.
put
up
D.
put
away
要点6
at
a
time
at
a
time意为“每次；一次”，强调具体的某一次，常用于“数词+at?a?time”的结构中。例如：
Let
your
listener
answer
one
question
at
a
time.
让你的听众一次回答一个问题。
She
reads
books
for
hours
at
a
time.
她常常看一看书就是几个小时。
【拓展】
at
times意为“有时；不时；间或”，强调这种事不止一次，不时都会发生的。例如：I?like?Bob?but?he’s?very?annoying?at?times.?
??我喜欢鲍勃，但是他有时也很烦人。?
at
a
time
每次；一次
辨析：at
a
time、at
one
time
与at
times
at
a
time
意为“每次；一次”，常用于“数词+名词+at
a
time”结构中
at
one
time
意为“曾经；一度”,
常用于一般过去时的句子中
at
times
意为“有时；间或”,
相当于sometimes,
表示频率
2)常见有关time的搭配:
on
time
准时,按时;
in
time
及时;
in
no
time
立刻,马上;
all
the
time
始终,一直;
at
the
same
time
同时。
【典例分析】
1.
The
lift
isn't
very
large.
It
can
only
take
eight
people________.
A.
at
a
time
B.
in
a
way
C.
for
a
time
D.
by
the
way
2.
My
cousin
told
me
that
he
could
eat
three
big
apples
_____.
A.
at
time
B.
at
a
time
C.
some
time
D.
some
times
3.请用sometime,
sometimes,
some
time和some
times适当的单词或词组填空：
1）I
will
see
you
___________
in
the
future.
2）We
tried
it
for
___________,
but
we
still
can’t
do
it.
3）It
will
take
____________,
not
too
long.
4）It
rained
______________
in
Beijing
in
autumn.
4.I
looked
at
my
watch
_______
to
make
sure
I
was
not
late.
A.
from
time
to
time
B.
in
time
C.
at
the
same
time
D.
on
time
要点7
The
internet
is
more
powerful
than
books.
more后接多音节形容词或副词，构成比较级，表示对两者进行比较，意为“比……更……”。如：
He
is
more
careful
than
the
others.
他比其他人更仔细。
【拓展】
(1)more…than…表示“比……更多”，此时more为many或much的比较级，表示数量，后接名词。
(2)I
made
more
mistakes
than
you.
我犯的错误比你多。
He’s
got
more
money
than
the
rest
of
us
together.
他的钱比我们大家的加在一起的总数还多。
【注意】
若more受much或many的修饰，则应分别与不可数和可数名词连用。例如：
His
car
cost
much
more
money
than
mine.
他的小汽车所花的钱比我的多得多。
There
are
many
more
people
than
we
expected.
这里的人比我们想象的要多得多。
（2）more…than…表示“与其说……不如说……”，此时不是对两个对象进行比较，而是对同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较或取舍，此时不论形容词或副词是单音节、双音节还是多音节，一律用more…than…。例如：
He
is
more
lucky
than
clever.
与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。
【典例分析】
1.乘火车旅行比开汽车轻松得多
Travelling
by
train
is
________
_________than
driving.
2.
竹子不只是用于建筑。
Bamboo
is
used
for__________
_________
building.
3.他今年50多岁。
He
is
_________
___________50
years
old.
4.与其说鲁迅是一位思想家，不如说他是一位作家。
Lu
Xun
is________
a
writer
________a
thinker.
5.
Li
Na
is
________
a
sportswoman.
She
is
also
a
symbol
of
success.
A．more
than
B．not
more
than
C．no
more
than
D．only
要点8
thousands
of
好几千；成千上万
thousands
of，意为“好几千，成千上万”。thousand意为“一千”，用来表示不确定的数目时，thousand应变为复数，且在后面加of。
拓展：与thousand用法类似的词
Hundred
(百),
thousand
(千),
million
(百万)等表示概数时，本身要用复数形式，后接“of+可数名词复数”，即“hundreds/thousands/millions
+of+名词复数”，意为“数以百/千/百万计的……”。若这些数量词前有基数词，则直接用hundred
/thousand/million等，不用复数形式，也不加of。
It
cost
me
two
hundred
dollars.它花了我200美元
The
restaurant
receives
hundreds
of
customers
every
day.这家饭店每天接待数以百计的顾客
【典例分析】
1.每年人们会在山上种植成千上万棵树来保护环境。
Every
year
trees
are
planted
on
the
hills
to
protect
the
environment.
2.
It
is
reported
that
nearly
_________
foreign
kids
joined
a
British
boarding
school
last
year，and
a
third
of
them
came
from
China．
A.
nine
thousand
B.
nine
thousands
C.
nine
thousand
of
D.
nine
thousands
of
3.
birds
have
come
back
because
the
environment
here
becomes
better
and
better.
A.
Thousands
of
B.
Thousand
of
C.
Thousands
D.
Thousands
4.
It
is
reported
that
there
are
over
______
koalas
dying
in
the
disastrous
wild
fire
broke
out
recently
in
Australia.
A.
thousands
of
B.
8
thousands
C.
8
thousands
of
D.
8
thousand
要点9
amount
量;数量
a
large
amount
of
，意为“大量的”，为固定短语，amount意为“量；数量”，通常用于an
amount
of
,
a
great/large
amount
of
,
amounts
of
这类结构，其后通常接不可数名词。
拓展：an
mount
of
,
a
large/great
amount
of
,
amounts
of
修饰名词用作主语时，其谓语的数取决于amount的数。
A
large
amount
of
money
was
spent
on
the
bridge.
=
Large
amount
of
money
were
spent
on
the
bridge.
在这座桥上花了大量资金
【典例分析】
1.
To
save
the
life
of
the
boy,
a
large
________
of
work
was
done
in
a
short
time.
A.
collection
B.
amount
C.
pair
D.
record
2.她携带大量的现金离开了。
She
carried
cash
and
went
away.
要点10
introduction
n
引进；采用；推行
introduce
v
介绍
introduce…to…
把……介绍给……
辨析：instruction与introduction
instruction
多指对做法、步骤的“指示、说明”，
常用复数形式。
introduction
多指对事物性质、形状等的“介绍”。
【典例分析】
1.Read
the
carefully.
They
will
help
you
know
how
to
use
the
machine.?
A.
instructions
B.
decisions
C.
results
D.
introductions
2.
Always
read
the
________
carefully
before
you
start.
It
tells
you
how
to
use
the
machine.
A.
instructions
B.
decisions
C.
results
D.
introduction
要点11
1.
改变某人的生活
2.
大量的
3.
拍照
4.
张贴；公布
5.
收到某人的来信
6.
收发邮件
7.
将来
8.
好几千；成千上万
9.
随着……的发明
10.
对……有重大影响
11.
在某人去……的路上
12.
快速阅读；浏览
13
用手；靠手做
14.
结果
15
有机会做某事
16.
在某种意义上；从某种程度上
17.
把……比作
18.
在二十世纪
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态时，句子的主语是这个动作的执行者；在被动语态时，句子的主语是这个动作的承受者。如：
They
built
this
house.
他们建造了这座房子。
主语they是built这个动作的执行者，动词用主动语态。
The
house
was
built
by
them.
这座房子是由他们建造的。
主语the
house是built这个动作的承受者，动词用被动语态。
1
“be
+（及物动词的）过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式。be有人称、数和时态的变化。以动词do为例，几种常用时态的主动语态和被动语态的结构形式如下：
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
do
/
does
am
/
is
/
are
done
一般过去时
did
was
/
were
done
现在进行时
am
/
is
/
are
doing
am
/
is
/
are
being
done
过去进行时
was
/
were
doing
was
/
were
being
done
一般将来时
will
/
shall
do
will
/
shall
be
done
现在完成时
has
/
have
done
has
/
have
been
done
2
被动语态的否定句和疑问句。
(1)
被动语态的否定句在be后加not。如：
The
song
is
not
liked
by
young
people.
这首歌不受年轻人喜爱。
(2)
被动语态的疑问句将be提至主语前。如：
Is
Chinese
used
only
in
China?
汉语只在中国使用吗？
—
Are
these
computers
made
in
the
USA?
这些电脑是美国制造的吗？
—
Yes,
they
are.
是的。
No,
they
aren’t.
不，不是的。
【典例分析】
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.
A
wonderful
party
__________________
(give)
to
him
next
week.
2.
Mother
_______________
(tell)
me
a
story
every
night.
3.
Rice
________________(plant)
in
China.
4.
Tom
________________(use)
computer
every
Saturday.
5.
Maths
_________________(teach)
by
Mr.
Chen
in
our
class.
6.
English
_________________(speak)
all
over
the
world.
7.
The
film
_________________
(show)
last
night..
8.
I
________________
(see)
a
wonderful
film
last
night..
9.
The
letters
_________________
(write)
by
him
last
night.
10.
We
____________(visit)
the
museum
next
week.
二、把下列句子改为被动语态
1.
They
often
plant
trees
in
spring
every
year.
2.We
should
do
our
homework.
3.Did
Mark
Twin
write
the
book?
4.The
workers
won’t
finish
the
railway
in
a
year.
5.The
company
will
print
millions
of
new
books.
话题九
发明创造
本模块的主要话题是“发明”,围绕这一话题谈论历史上及日常生活中的一些重要发明及其用途。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点:
1.能简单介绍某项发明的历史、用途以及特点等;
2.能介绍自己想发明的东西,并说明其用途及发明它的原因;
3.能正确使用一般将来时的被动语态。
【常用词汇】
electronic
电子的
technology
科技;技术
memory
存储器
powerful
有影响力的
spread
传播;蔓延
introduction
引进;采用;推行
store
存储;储藏
replace
替换;取代
development
发展
a
large
amount
of
大量
as
a
result
因此
at
a
time
每次;一次
in
a
way
在某种程度上
compare...to
把……比作
look
through
浏览
【常用句型】
Will
computers
be
used
more
than
books
in
the
future?
Knowledge
and
ideas
spread
faster
than
ever
before.
Today,
with
the
invention
of
the
computer
and
electronic
technology,
it’s
easy
to
get
information
on
the
Internet.
The
Internet
was
invented
by
the
US
government
in
the
1960s,for
the
army
to
use.
Telephone
is
widely
used
and
plays
an
important
role
in
our
daily
life
now.
It
has
a
long
history
of...
When
I
grow
up,
I
want
to
invent...because...
With
the
development
of...,our
life
has
changed
a
lot.
It
seems
impossible
to
imagine
life
without
them.
【实战演练】
发明改变了我们的生活，带给了我们方便快捷。请结合生活实际，展示部分伟大的发明成果，比如轮子、照相机、灯等，并说明它们在我们生活中的重要性。
要求：语句通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，字迹工整，可适当发挥。词数不少于80。
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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