(共35张PPT)
UNIT
3
DIVERSE
CULTURES
素养导航
主题语境——人与社会 多样文化
Culture
is
that
which
shapes
us;it
shapes
our
identity
and
influences
our
behavior.Culture
is
our
“way
of
being,”
more
specifically,it
refers
to①
the
shared
language,beliefs,values,norms,behaviors,and
material
objects
that
are
passed
down②
from
one
generation
to
the
next.
Culture
is
the
lens(透镜)
with
which
we
evaluate
everything
around
us;we
evaluate
what
is
proper
or
improper③,normal
or
abnormal,through
our
culture.If
we
are
immersed④
in
a
culture
that
is
unlike
our
own
we
may
experience
culture
shock
and
become
disoriented
when
we
come
into
contact
with
a
fundamentally
different
culture.People
naturally
use
their
own
culture
as
the
standard
to
judge
other
cultures;however,passing
judgment
could
reach
a
level
where
people
begin
to
discriminate
against
others
whose
“ways
of
being”
are
different
than
their
own—essentially,we
tend
to
fear
that
which
we
do
not
understand.?
Cultural
diversity
is
important
because
our
country,workplaces,and
schools
increasingly
consist
of
various
cultural,racial,and
ethnic
groups.We
can
learn
from
one
another,but
first
we
must
have
a
level
of
understanding
about
each
other
in
order
to
facilitate⑤
collaboration⑥
and
cooperation.Learning
about
other
cultures
helps
us
understand
different
perspectives
within
the
world
in
which
we
live,and
helps
dispel
negative
stereotypes
and
personal
biases
about
different
groups.
In
addition,cultural
diversity
helps
us
recognize
and
respect
“ways
of
being”
that
are
not
necessarily
our
own,so
that
as
we
interact
with
others
we
can
build
bridges
to
trust,respect,and
understanding
across
cultures.Furthermore,this
diversity
makes
our
country
a
more
interesting
place
to
live,as
people
from
diverse
cultures
contribute
language
skills,new
ways
of
thinking,new
knowledge,and
different
experiences.
Cultural
diversity
supports
the
idea
that
every
person
can
make
a
unique
and
positive
contribution
to⑦
the
larger
society
because
of,rather
than
in
spite
of,their
differences.Imagine
a
place
where
diversity
is
recognized
and
respected;various
cultural
ideas
are
acknowledged⑧
and
valued;contributions
from
all
groups
are
encouraged;people
are
empowered
to
achieve
their
full
potential;and
differences
are
celebrated.
词海拾贝
①refer
to指代
②pass
down传递
③improper
adj.不得体的
④immerse
v.
陷入
⑤facilitate
v.促进
⑥collaboration
n.合作
⑦make
a
contribution
to贡献给……
⑧acknowledge
v.认可;感激
典句欣赏
If
we
are
immersed
in
a
culture
that
is
unlike
our
own
we
may
experience
culture
shock
and
become
disoriented
when
we
come
into
contact
with
a
fundamentally
different
culture.
译文:如果我们沉浸在一种不同于我们自己的文化中,当我们接触到一种根本不同的文化时,我们可能会经历文化冲击,变得迷失方向。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句中if引导条件状语从句;that引导定语从句;when引导时间状语从句。
理解诱思
What
does
Paragraphs
2-4
mainly
want
to
tell
us?
答案:It
tells
us
why
is
cultural
diversity
a
“good
thing”.
Section
A Listening
and
Speaking
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
语音
停顿:No
one
really
knows
exactly
∣
when
the
first
people
arrived
∣
in
what
we
now
know
as
California.
重点词汇
1.
adj.不同的;多种多样的?
2.
n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性?
3.
n.机会;运气?
4.ethnic
adj.
?
5.gumbo
n.
?
6.nachos
n.[pl.]
?
7.chip
n.
?
8.cheese
n.
?
9.spicy
adj.
?
diverse
diversity
fortune
具有民族特色的
秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
墨西哥玉米片
(英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片
干酪;奶酪
加有香料的;辛辣的
重点短语
1.take
notes ?
2.write
down ?
3.save
time ?
4.have
an
interview ?
5.later
on
?
6.be
made
of
?
7.at
least ?
8.in
addition ?
9.die
from...
?
10.mix...with
?
记笔记
写下
节省时间
面试
过后;后来
用……制成的
至少
此外
死于……
与……混合
重点句式
Where
do
you
think
this
photo
was
taken?
No
one
really
knows
exactly
when
the
first
people
arrive
in
what
we
know
as
California.
Ⅱ.释义匹配
1.diversity
A.having
a
strong
taste
because
spices
have
been
used
to
flavour
it
2.fortune
B.a
food
made
from
milk,which
can
either
be
firm
or
soft
and
is
usually
yellow
or
white
in
colour
3.spicy
C.a
long
thin
piece
of
potato
cooked
in
oil
4.cheese
D.a
very
large
amount
of
money
5.chip
E.the
fact
of
including
many
different
types
of
people
or
things
答案:1.E 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C
Ⅲ.介(副)词填空
1.Listen
carefully
and
write
what
the
speaker
is
saying.?
2.My
younger
sister
is
interested
in
art,music,books
and
so
.?
3.The
earlier
settlers
crossed
the
Bering
Strait
a
land
bridge.?
4.At
that
time,many
Africans
were
forced
slavery.?
down
on
by
into
重点词汇
1.diverse
cultures多元文化
【词汇精讲】diverse是形容词,意为“多种多样的;不同的”,可作定语或表语。
My
friend
told
me
that
his
interests
were
very
diverse.
我的朋友告诉我,他的兴趣非常广泛。
【词汇拓展】
People
from
diverse
cultures
hold
different
understandings
on
the
play
and
this
diversity
of
opinions
makes
it
hard
to
reach
an
agreement
at
the
meeting.
来自不同文化背景的人对这出戏有着不同的理解,这种意见的多样性使得他们很难在会上达成一致。
【微写作】
China
is
a
great
country,where
people
with
diverse
cultures
and
traditions
live
in
harmony
with
each
other.
中国是一个伟大的国家,不同文化和传统的人们和睦相处。
2.fortune
cookie幸运曲奇
【词汇精讲】fortune是名词,意为“机会;运气”,此处是名词作定语。
I
had
the
good
fortune
to
be
chosen
to
speak
here.
我真幸运,被选中在这里演讲。
Many
farmers
have
gone
to
big
cities
to
try
their
fortune.
许多农民去大城市碰碰运气。
【词汇拓展】
My
sister
was
fortunate
to
find
a
job
as
soon
as
she
graduated
from
the
university.
我妹妹很幸运,她一大学毕业就找到了工作。
He
would
laugh
the
loudest
over
fun
and
be
the
saddest
over
anyone’s
misfortune.
他会对开心的事开怀大笑,而对任何人的不幸感到难过。
【微写作】
It
was
fortunate
of
them
to
make
a
fortune
trading
with
foreigners.And
more
fortunately
for
them,they
were
supported
by
the
government.
他们与外国人做生意发了财,真是幸运。更幸运的是,他们得到了政府的支持。
重点句式
1.Where
do
you
think
this
photo
was
taken?
你认为这张照片是在哪里拍的?
【句式剖析】该句是含有插入语的特殊疑问句,其中do
you
think是插入语。其基本构成形式为:特殊疑问词+插入语+疑问句剩余部分?
How
do
you
think
she
will
spend
her
birthday?
你觉得她会怎样过生日?
Why
do
you
think
the
earth’s
temperature
keeps
rising?
你认为地球的温度为什么会持续上升?
【句式拓展】
(1)能用作插入语的动词还有:hope,believe,suppose,guess,say等。
(2)I
think,I
believe,I
suppose,I
guess,I
imagine,I
find,I
say,I
know等也可用作插入语,置于句中或句末,一般用逗号隔开。此类插入语若置于定语从句中,可不用标点。
(3)do
you
suggest
作插入语时,其后的句子应使用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“(should+)
do”。
Where
do
you
suggest
we
(should)
put
these
things?
你建议我们把这些物品放在什么地方?
It
is
impossible,I
think,that
we
should
finish
the
job
in
such
a
short
period
of
time.
我认为在这么短的时间内我们是不可能完成这项工作的。
2.No
one
really
knows
exactly
when
the
first
people
arrive
in
what
we
now
know
as
California.
没有人真正知道第一批人是什么时候到达我们所知道的加利福尼亚的。
【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。主句是No
one
really
knows,when引导的是宾语从句,what引导的是宾语从句。what除引导宾语从句外,还作从句的宾语。
Yuan
Longping
grows
what
is
called
super
hybrid
rice.
袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
The
teacher
asked
one
student
to
repeat
what
he
had
heard
from
the
tape
recorder.
老师让一个学生复述他从录音机上听到的内容。
【句式拓展】
what引导名词性从句有以下含义:
They’ve
done
what
they
can
to
help
her.
他们已经尽力帮助了她。
He
is
what
is
generally
called
a
traitor.
他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.English
is
a
language
shared
by
several (不同的)
cultures,which
use
it
differently.?
答案:diverse
2.Getty
made
a
large (财富)
in
his
life,but
he
gave
his
money
to
the
art
world.?
答案:fortune
3.She
had
no
appetite,and
merely
had
some
bread
and
(奶酪)
for
breakfast.?
答案:cheese
4.All
Singaporeans
have
to
pass
exams
in
the
official
language
of
their
(民族的)
group
as
well
as
English.?
答案:ethnic
5.I
should
drink
a
lot
of
water
every
day
and
should
not
eat
too
much
(辛辣的)
food.?
答案:spicy
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.In
order
to
(节省时间),they
decided
to
take
a
taxi.?
答案:save
time
2.Don’t
forget
to
(记笔记)
when
you
are
having
the
meeting.?
答案:take
notes
3.I
am
going
to
(面试)
for
a
new
job
tomorrow.?
答案:have
an
interview
4.The
houses
here
(用……制成的)
bamboo.?
答案:are
made
of
5.
(除了)
French,he
also
studied
German.?
答案:In
addition
to(共47张PPT)
Section
B Reading
and
Thinking
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
vt.&vi.承认 vt.允许进入(或加入)?
2.
adv.肯定;确实?
3.
vi.发生;出现?
4.
adv.在市中心;往市中心?
5.
n.地区;区域?
6.
adv.以后;后来?
7.
adj.(有关)历史的?
8.
vt.(sought;sought)寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求?
9.
vt.
&
vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得?
10.
vt.选择;挑选;选拔?
admit
definitely
occur
downtown
district
afterwards
historical
seek
earn
select
11.
n.瓷;瓷器?
12.
n.爵士乐?
13.
n.夺取(生命);宣称;断言?
14.
n.一系列;连续;接连?
15.
vi.&
vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱?
16.mission
n.
17.graffiti
n.
?
ic
n.
adj.
?
19.immigrant
n.
?
20.bar
n.
?
21.diagram
n.
?
22.journal
n.
?
23.minority
n.
?
china
jazz
claim
series
escape
传教(区);重要任务;使命
涂鸦;胡写乱画
连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员
滑稽的;使人发笑的
(外来)移民;外侨
酒吧;小吃店;小馆子
简图;图解;图表;示意图
日志;日记;报纸;刊物
少数民族;少数派;少数人
重点短语
1.head
to
?
2.seek
one’s
fortune
?
3.earn
a
living ?
4.series
of
?
5.apart
from=aside
from
?
6.open
up ?
7.bring
about
?
8.join...to...
?
(朝……)前进;(向……)去
寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
谋生
一系列或一连串(事件)
除了……外(还);此外
开办
导致;引起
把……和……连接起来
重点句式
1.This
district
used
to
be
a
poor
area
of
town,but
is
now
a
centre
for
art,music,and
food.
2.What
great
food!
Ⅱ.释义匹配
1.admit A.to
try
to
achieve
or
get
something
2.seek
B.to
state
that
something
is
true,even
though
it
has
not
been
proved
3.earn
C.to
choose
something
or
someone
by
thinking
carefully
about
which
is
the
best,most
suitable
etc.
4.select
D.to
receive
a
particular
amount
of
money
for
the
work
that
you
do
5.claim
E.to
agree
unwillingly
that
something
is
true
or
that
someone
else
is
right
答案:1.E 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B
Ⅲ.阅读导学
根据pp.28-29课文内容,选择正确答案。
1.How
does
the
author
feel
to
be
back
in
San
Francisco?
A.Wonderful.
B.Tired.
C.Disappointed.
D.Excited.
2.Where
does
the
author
stay?
A.Near
the
centre
of
the
district.
B.At
the
centre
of
the
district.
C.At
the
edge
of
the
district.
D.Outside
the
district.
答案:A
答案:A
3.What
did
the
author
do
in
the
city?
A.He
attended
Mission
School.
B.He
learned
graffiti
art.
C.He
enjoyed
street
art
and
food.
D.He
appreciated
some
music.
4.Why
did
California
become
a
big
city?
A.Because
America
got
California
from
Mexico.
B.Because
there
were
many
jobs
on
the
farms.
C.Because
people
built
railways
in
the
city.
D.Because
people
went
there
in
the
gold
rush.
答案:C
答案:D
重点词汇
1.I
have
to
admit
that
it
definitely
feels
good
to
be
back
in
the
city
again.
我不得不承认,再次回到城市的感觉很好。
【词汇精讲】admit表示“承认”时可作及物或不及物动词,表示“允许进入(或加入)”时是及物动词。
While
I
admit
that
the
plan
is
not
perfect,I
will
still
adopt
it.
虽然我承认这个计划不完美,我还是要采用它。
How
many
students
have
been
admitted
into/to
the
school
this
year?
今年这所学校有多少学生入学?
【词汇拓展】
Only
after
he
was
taken
to
the
teacher’s
office
did
he
admit
cheating.
只有当他被带到老师的办公室后,他才承认作弊了。
You
must
admit
the
task
to
be
difficult.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
【微写作】
He
has
admitted
having
done
great
wrong
to
his
friends,and
with
the
admission,he
has
made
an
apology
to
them.
他已承认对他的朋友做了很大的错事,而且,既然已经承认,他就向他们道歉了。
2....a
city
that
was
able
to
rebuild
itself
after
the
earthquake
that
occurred
in
1906.
……一个在1906年地震后能够重建自己的城市。
【词汇精讲】occur是不及物动词,意为“发生;出现”。
Years
ago,a
critical
event
occurred
in
my
life
that
would
change
it
forever.
数年前发生了一件将永远改变我生活的大事。
【词汇拓展】
Suddenly
a
good
idea
occurred
to
her,but
she
didn’t
know
how
to
speak
it
out.
她突然想到了一个好主意,但是她不知道如何说出来。
It
occurred
to
him
that
he
had
an
important
conference
to
attend
the
next
morning.
他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议。
【温馨提示】(1)occur常与介词to搭配,相当于动词happen,不能用于被动语态。
(2)表示“某人想起……”的短语还有:sth
strikes/hits
sb,sb
hits/strikes
on
sth,sth
comes
to
sb,sth
comes
into
one’s
mind等。
3.In
the
afternoon,I
headed
to
a
local
museum
that
showed
the
historical
changes
in
California.
下午,我去了一家当地的博物馆,那里展示了加州的历史变化。
【词汇精讲】head
to是固定搭配,意为“(朝……)前进;(向……)去”。
Head
to
your
nearest
ice
rink
for
fun
and
fitness.
去离你最近的溜冰场享受这份欢乐和健康吧。
Disobeying
the
law
can
head
to
trouble.
不守法会引起麻烦。
【温馨提示】head
用作动词时,可以表示“朝某方向行进”,若要具体表示去某个地方,其后可接介词for,to,towards。
We
had
better
head
for
the
station.
我们最好还是去车站吧。
We
were
heading
towards
Paris
when
our
car
broke
down.
我们的车在去巴黎的路上出了毛病。
4.Over
300,000
people
came
from
all
over
the
world
to
seek
their
fortune,and
San
Francisco
quickly
became
a
big
city.
来自世界各地的超过300
000人前来寻找致富之路,旧金山很快成为一个大城市。
【词汇精讲】句中的seek是及物动词,意为“寻找;寻求”。
Drivers
are
advised
to
seek
alternative
routes.
驾车者被告知需另寻其他路线。
We
are
currently
seeking
new
ways
of
expanding
our
membership.
目前,我们正在探索发展会员的新途径。
【词汇拓展】
If
you
have
any
questions,you
can
seek
help
from
your
teammates.
如果你有任何问题,你可以向你的队友寻求帮助。
Fortunately,the
tourist
sought
out
a
shelter
to
escape
from
the
unexpected
shower.
幸运的是,游客们找了个避难处以躲避突如其来的阵雨。
5.What
do
you
think
brought
about
the
cultural
diversity?
你认为是什么带来了文化多样性?
【词汇精讲】bring
about是固定搭配,意为“引起;带来”。
Science
has
brought
about
many
changes
in
our
lives.
科学为我们的生活带来了很多变化。
Recent
changes
in
the
Internet
will
help
bring
about
overall
improvements.
因特网的最新变化将帮助带来全面的改进。
【词汇拓展】
They
are
praised
for
the
way
they
bring
up
their
children.
他们因教育孩子的方式而受到表扬。
My
new
book
is
about
to
be
brought
out.
我的新书即将出版。
6.Apart
from
being
the
kingdom
of
flowers,it
is
home
to
many
ethnic
minority
groups.
除了是花卉王国,它还是许多少数民族的家园。
Apart
from
an
occasional
noise
from
the
elephant’s
stomach,the
forest
was
silent.
除了大象胃里偶尔发出的声音,森林里一片寂静。
Apart
from
your
wonderful
innovation,you
need
to
hand
in
a
report,which
explains
how
the
idea
occurs
to
you
and
what
materials
you
use.
除了你很棒的创意之外,你还需要上交一篇报告,解释这个想法是如何产生的及你使用了什么材料。
【词汇拓展】
aside
from与apart
from用法基本一样,既可以表示“除……之外”,也可以表示“除……之外还”。
His
promising
career
began
to
fall
apart.
他那本来前程似锦的生涯开始崩溃了。
Aside
from
motorcars,the
factory
turns
out
bicycles.
除了汽车之外,这家工厂还生产自行车。
7.I
have
to
admit
that
it
is
the
best
district
of
China
to
escape
the
cold
winter.
我不得不承认,这是中国最好的避寒地区。
【词汇精讲】句中的escape是及物动词,意为“逃避;避开”,escape还可作名词,意为“逃跑;逃脱;解脱”。
Fortunately,Natalie’s
family
escaped
to
Brooklyn
shortly
before
the
city’s
bridges
closed.
幸运的是,娜塔利一家人在城市桥梁关闭前不久逃到了布鲁克林区。
But
for
me
television
is
an
escape.
但是对我而言,看电视是一种逃避的方法。
【词汇拓展】
I
hear
you
had
a
very
narrow
escape
on
the
bridge.
我听说你在桥上险些出事。
You
are
lucky
to
escape
being
punished.
你很幸运逃脱了惩罚。
【温馨提示】(1)escape本身即为“离开”的意思,不需加away或off这样的副词。
escape意为“被……忘记,没有被……注意到”时,用sth
escape
sb结构表示,而不是用sb
escape
sth结构。
His
phone
number
escaped
me.
我记不起他的电话号码了。
重点句式
1.This
district
used
to
be
a
poor
area
of
town,but
is
now
a
centre
for
art,music,and
food.
这个地区过去是城镇的贫困地区,但现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。
【句式剖析】used
to
do
sth意为“过去常常做某事”,暗示现在已经不再如此了,一般被看作是情态动词,后接动词原形,否定形式常用usedn’t或didn’t
use
to两种形式。
I
used
to
play
basketball
a
lot
in
my
spare
time,but
now
I
am
interested
in
football.
我过去常常在业余时间打篮球,但现在我对足球感兴趣了。
I
used
to
go
to
work
by
underground
when
I
was
in
London.
我过去在伦敦时,通常乘地铁上班。
【易混辨析】
used
to
do
过去常常做某事,to后面接动词原形
be
used
to
doing
习惯于做某事,to后面接动词-ing形式
be
used
to
do
被用来做某事,是use
sth
to
do的被动式
I
used
to
get
up
late
but
now
I’m
used
to
getting
up
early
and
having
a
walk.
过去我常常起床很晚,但现在我习惯于早起散步了。
The
power
of
the
atom
can
be
used
to
produce
electricity.
原子能可以被用来发电。
2.What
great
food!
多好的食物啊!
【句式剖析】本句是一个感叹句,由于中心词是名词,所以用what引导。
What
a
beautiful
flower
it
is!
一朵多么美丽的花!
What
sweet
apples
they
are!
多么甜的苹果!
【句式拓展】
(1)what引导的感叹句
①What+a(n)+(形容词)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
What
a
beautiful
picture
you
are
looking
at!
你看的照片多么美啊!
②What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What
kind-hearted
women
they
are!
多么好心的女士们啊!
(2)how
引导的感叹句
①How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
How
clever
the
girl
is!
多么聪明的女孩啊!
②How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
How
nice
a
present
you
give
me!
你给我的礼物太漂亮了!
③How+主语+谓语!
How
time
flies!
时间过得真快啊!
Ⅰ.课文语篇填空
I
have
just
come
back
to
San
Francisco
after
I
went 1 (camp)
in
the
Redwood
Forest
and
visited
the
wine
country
of
Napa
Valley.How
2
(wonder)
it
is
to
be
back
in
the
city
again.There
are
many
beautiful
old
3 (build)
on
top
of
big
hills,which
offer
great
views
of
the
city.?
My
hotel
is
in
the
Mission
District,which
is
one
of
the 4 (old)
parts
of
the
city.An
art
movement
5 (call)
the
“Mission
School”
started
here, 6
was
influenced
by
graffiti
art
and
comic
art.I
walked
around
appreciating
the
street
art
7
then
enjoying
the
delicious
Mexican-Chinese
noodles.I
found
it
a
real
mix
of
cultures
here!?
I
paid
a
visit
to
a
local
museum
where
I
saw
the
historical
changes
in
California.America
got
California
from
Mexico
in
1848.When
gold 8
(discover)
near
San
Francisco,people
from
all
over
the
world
rushed
there
to
seek
9 (they)
fortune,including
many
Chinese.The
museum
did
a
really
good
job
of
showing
how
America
was
built
by
immigrants
10
different
countries
and
cultures.?
答案:1.camping 2.wonderful 3.buildings 4.oldest
5.called 6.which 7.and 8.was
discovered 9.their 10.from
Ⅱ.概要写作
(根据教材语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要)
参考范文
I
have
just
returned
after
the
trip
and
it
feels
wonderful
to
be
back
in
San
Francisco
again.(要点1)
My
hotel
is
one
of
the
oldest
parts
of
the
city
called
the
Mission
District,which
offers
a
real
mix
of
cultures.(要点2)
In
the
museum
I
saw
the
historical
changes
in
California(要点3)
and
learned
how
America
was
built
by
immigrants
from
different
countries
and
cultures.(要点4)(共9张PPT)
单元重点小结
主题语境历史和地理
语音知识
停顿:No
one
really
knows
exactly∣
when
the
first
people
arrived
∣
in
what
we
now
know
as
California.
重点词汇
1.diverse
adj.多种多样的;不同的
2.fortune
n.机会;运气
make
a
fortune发财;致富 seek/try
one’s
fortune碰运气
fortunate=lucky
adj.
幸运的;侥幸的
be
fortunate
to
do
sth/in
doing
sth在……方面运气好
fortunately=luckily
adv.
幸运地 misfortune
n.不幸
3.admit
vt.&
vi.承认 vt.允许进入(或加入)
admit
sth/doing
sth承认某事/做某事
admit+n./pron.+to
be...承认……是……
admit
sb/sth
into/to...允许某人/物进入……;成为……中的一员
be
admitted
as...作为……被接受 admission
n.进入;入场费;承认
4.occur
vi.发生;出现
sth
occur(s)
to
sb某人突然想起某事
It
occurs
to
sb
that
...某人突然想起……
It
occurs
to
sb
to
do
sth.某人想到要做某事。
5.head
to
(朝……)前进;(向……)去
6.seek
vt.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
seek
(for)
sth/sb
from
...从……寻找某物/某人 seek
after追求;追寻
seek
to
do
sth试图做某事 seek
one’s
fortune
找出路;碰运气
seek
out搜寻出;找出
7.bring
about引起;导致
bring
up抚养;培养;教育;提出;呕吐 bring
down降低;减少
bring
in带进来;有收入;赚得;引入 bring
out使显现;阐明;出版
bring
forward
提前
8.apart
from除……之外(还);此外
fall
apart土崩瓦解
far/wide
apart离得很远
joking
apart别说笑话;
认真地说;
说正经的
set/lay/put
sth
apart
for...把(某物)留出,拨出(专用)
take...apart把……拆开
tell...apart区分;
分辨(两种事物)
9.escape
vi.&
vt.逃走;逃脱;避开 n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
escape
from从……逃脱;逃避……
escape
doing/being
done逃避(被)做某事
escape
one’s
attention/notice逃过某人的注意/被忽视
a
narrow
escape九死一生
10.fold
vt.包;裹;折叠
11.leave
out省略;遗漏
leave
sth
aside
不予考虑,搁置一边
leave
sb/sth
behind把某人/某物抛在后面
12.collection
n.作品集;收集物;收藏品
collect
vt.收集;搜集 collect
around聚集在……周围
13.settle
vt.&
vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)
settle
in/into
sth适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settle
in
...在……居住
settle
down定居;平静下来;专心于
settle
down
to
(doing)
sth着手认真做某事 settler
n.移民;殖民者 settlement
n.居留地,居民区,解决
14.suit
vt.适合;需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装
suit
...to
...使……适合…… be
suited
for/to
sth(某人)
适合某物
suitable
adj.
适当的;相配的 be
suitable
for
sb(某物)适合某人
be
suitable
to
do
sth适合做某事
15.contain
vt.包含;含有;容纳
contain
oneself控制自己 container
n.容器
重点句型
1.Where
do
you
think
this
photo
was
taken?
2.No
one
really
knows
exactly
when
the
first
people
arrive
in
what
we
know
as
California.
3.This
district
used
to
be
a
poor
area
of
town,but
is
now
a
centre
for
art,music,and
food.
4.What
great
food!
5.It
has
a
long
and
famous
history,with
the
author
Robert
Louis
Stevenson
having
spent
much
time
writing
there.
重点语法
省略
(You)
Open
the
door,please.
I
asked
her
to
go
to
the
concert
with
me,but
she
didn’t
want
to
(go
with
me).
Where
is
the
book
(that,which)
you
borrowed
from
the
library
last
week?
Unless
(you
are)
asked
to
speak,you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.(共38张PPT)
Section
D Reading
for
Writing
&
Assessing
Your
Progress
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
n.气候?
2.
vt.&
vi.定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)?
3.
n.建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构?
4.
n.材料;布料;素材 adj.物质的;实际的?
5.
n.衣服;服装?
6.
vt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服,套装?
7.
vt.包含;含有;容纳?
8.mild
adj.
?
9.herbal
adj.
?
10.item
n.
?
11.neat
adj.
?
climate
settle
construction
material
clothing
suit
contain
温和的;和善的;轻微的
药草的;香草的
项目;一件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)
极好的;整洁的;整齐的
重点短语
1.to
name
but
a
few
?
2.(at)
first
hand
?
3.be
located
in
?
4.be
divided
up
into ?
5.in
size
?
6.be
home
to
?
7.have
a
population
of
?
8.in
good
order ?
9.be
based
on
?
10.with
care
?
仅举几例
第一手;亲自
位于……
被分成
在大小上
是……的家园
有……人口
秩序良好
以……为基础
小心;谨慎
重点句式
It
has
a
long
and
famous
history,with
the
author
Robert
Louis
Stevenson
having
spent
much
time
writing
there.
Ⅱ.释义匹配
1.climate
A.a
solid
substance
such
as
wood,plastic,or
metal
2.settle
B.to
have
something
inside
or
include
something
as
a
part
3.construction
C.the
process
of
building
things
such
as
houses,
bridges,roads
etc.
4.material
D.to
end
an
argument
or
solve
a
disagreement
5.contain
E.the
general
weather
conditions
usually
found
in
a
particular
place
答案:1.E 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B
Ⅲ.选词填空
construction,settle,material,suit,contain
1.The
food
was
analyzed
and
found
to
(包含)
small
amounts
of
poison.?
2.Even
an
upright
official
finds
it
hard
to
(解决)
a
family
quarrel.?
3.The
whole
village
moved
away
to
make
room
for
the
(建设).?
4.We
must
prepare
some
useful
reading
(材料)
for
the
children.?
5.When
and
where
will
it
(适合)
your
convenience
for
our
next
meeting??
contain
settle
construction
materials
suit
重点词汇
1.Historically,Chinese
immigrants
settled
in
the
area
during
the
railroad
construction
and
gold
rush
period.
历史上,中国移民在铁路建设和淘金热时期定居在该地区。
【词汇精讲】
settle在句中是动词,意为“定居”,settle还可表示“结束(争论);解决(纠纷)”等。
They
moved
the
local
people
and
settled
them
in
another
place.
他们把当地人迁移到别处定居。
I
hope
you
can
see
your
way
clear
to
settle
the
matter.
我希望你能设法解决这件事。
【词汇拓展】
It
is
said
that
the
first
settlers
of
this
country
are
prisoners.
据说第一批到达这个国家的移民是囚犯。
We
look
forward
to
your
settlement
at
an
early
date.
我们期待你们能尽早解决这一问题。
2.There
is
Chinese
food
to
suit
everyone’s
taste,with
traditional
dishes
from
all
over
China.
有适合每个人口味的中餐,有来自中国各地的传统菜肴。
【词汇精讲】suit在句中是及物动词,意为“适合”,suit还可作名词,意为“西服;套装”。
The
room
is
neat
and
tidy,and
it
suits
the
students.
房间整洁干净,适合学生居住。
I’ve
found
a
job
that
suits
me
down
to
the
ground.
我找到了一份非常适合我的工作。
You
may
hire
a
suit
for
your
wedding.
你可以去租一套礼服结婚时穿。
【词汇拓展】
The
film
is
suitable
for
children.
这部电影适合孩子。
Is
it
suitable
to
discuss
my
report
now?
现在讨论我的报告合适吗?
【易混辨析】
suit
多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等。
match
多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。
fit
多指大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合,协调”。
The
size
of
the
shirt
fits
me
well
and
its
color
matches
my
tie,so
it
suits
me.
这件衬衫的尺寸很合适,颜色也和我的领带很相配,所以很适合我。
【微写作】
We
had
white
protective
suits
with
helmets,big
boots
and
special
gloves,which
is
suitable
for
you.
我们有白色的防护服,有头盔、大靴子和特制的手套,非常适合你。
3.Does
the
city/town
introduction
contain
all
the
important
information?
城市的介绍包括所有重要的信息吗?
【词汇精讲】contain是及物动词,意为“包含;含有;容纳”。
Researchers
have
discovered
that
“night
milk”
contains
more
melatonin.
研究人员已经发现,“夜间挤的牛奶”中含有更多的褪黑激素。
This
drink
doesn’t
contain
any
alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
【词汇拓展】
He
was
so
excited
that
he
could
hardly
contain
himself.
他激动得几乎控制不住自己。
【易混辨析】
contain
包括,侧重“整体内有”,指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物,不用于进行时。
include
包括,侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。
Our
six-city
tour
includes
a
visit
to
London.
我们的六城之旅包括参观伦敦。
This
book
contains
all
the
information
you
need.
这本书包含了你需要的所有信息。
【微写作】
Remove
the
skin
that
contains
oil
and
place
them
in
plastic
bags
or
containers
and
freeze.
将含有油脂的皮肤清出,放入塑料袋或容器中冷冻。
重点句式
It
has
a
long
and
famous
history,with
the
author
Robert
Louis
Stevenson
having
spent
much
time
writing
there.
它有着悠久而著名的历史,作家罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森花了很多时间在那里写作。
【句式剖析】句中的“with
the
author
Robert
Louis
Stevenson
having
spent
much
time
writing
there”是with引导的独立主格结构作伴随状语。
With
the
guide
leading
the
way,we
soon
got
to
the
top
of
the
mountain.
有向导领路,我们不久就爬到了山顶。
With
a
lot
of
people
helping
us,we
will
finish
the
work
before
long.
有那么多人帮助我们,我们不久就会完成工作。
【句式拓展】
“with+复合宾语”结构既可用作状语表示方式或伴随动作等,也可用作定语。
常见的“with+复合结构”主要有以下几种形式:
(1)with+宾语+动名词形式
With
the
boy
leading
the
way,we
had
no
trouble
in
getting
to
the
station.
由这个男孩带路,我们毫不费力地到达了火车站。
(2)with+宾语+过去分词
The
child
was
crying
with
the
glasses
broken.
眼镜破了,那孩子哭了起来。
(3)with+宾语+不定式
With
a
lot
of
work
to
do,we
had
to
be
busy
working
day
and
night.
有那么多的工作要做,我们只得日夜忙碌。
(4)with+宾语+介词短语
She
saw
a
small
river
with
green
grass
and
red
flowers
on
both
sides.
她看到一条小河,两岸长满了红花绿草。
(5)with+宾语+形容词(副词)
Don’t
sleep
with
the
door
and
windows
open.
不要开着门窗睡觉。
Tian’anmen
Square
looks
even
more
beautiful
with
all
lights
on.
所有的灯都亮着,天安门广场显得更加漂亮。
文化意识
文化多样性要做到:既要认同本民族文化,又要尊重其他民族文化,相互借鉴,求同存异,尊重世界文化多样性,共同促进人类文明繁荣进步;尊重文化多样性,首先要尊重自己民族的文化,培育好、发展好本民族文化;承认世界文化的多样性,尊重不同民族的文化,必须遵循各民族文化一律平等的原则;在文化交流中,要尊重差异,理解个性,和睦相处,共同促进世界文化的繁荣。
高分写作
假如你是昆明市某中学的学生李明,你收到美国笔友Steven的电子邮件,内容如下:
Dear
Li
Ming,
I’m
visiting
China
next
month.Isn’t
it
exciting?Could
you
please
tell
me
something
about
Kunming,your
hometown?
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Steven
根据以下内容回复:
1.昆明位于我国西南部;面积约21
473平方千米;人口有685万。
2.特色:气候宜人;交通便利;旅游、文化资源丰富,游客既可欣赏美景,又可品尝各种风味美食。
3.其他:乐意充当导游。
注意:
1.词数:80左右。
2.内容可适当发挥,注意行文连贯。
3.开头为你写好,但不计入总词数。
Dear
Steven,
I’m
glad
?
Li
Ming
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:本文是一封电子邮件,文章是介绍自己所居住的城市昆明;
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称为第三人称;
3.确定时态:以一般现在时为主。
二、谋篇布局
本文分为三个段落。
第一段:表达自己高兴的心情;
第二段:主体部分主要介绍昆明;地理位置、人口、面积、昆明的特色等。
第三段:对对方的到来表示欢迎,愿意当导游。
三、短文模板
1.常用语块
give
you
a
brief
introduction
给你简单介绍一下
be
located
in
the
southwest
of
China
位于中国西南
cover
an
area
of
占地……面积
with
a
population
of/have
a
population
of
有……人口
have
a
rich
culture
有丰富的文化
have
a
good
transport
network
有良好的交通网络
it
is
very
convenient
for...
对……方便
places
of
interest
名胜
all
kinds
of
delicious
food
各种美食
2.遣词造句
普通表达
高级表达
◆You
asked
about
Kunming
in
your
message
and
I
will
introduce
it
briefly.
◆Kunming
is
located
in
the
southwest
of
China
and
covers
an
area
of
about
21,473
square
kilometers.
◆It
has
a
population
of
more
than
6.85
million
and
it
is
a
beautiful
place
and
has
pleasant
weather
and
a
rich
culture.
◆There
are
a
lot
of
places
of
interest
and
visitors
can
enjoy
the
wonderful
scenery
and
all
kinds
of
delicious
food
there.
◆You
asked
about
Kunming
in
your
message
and
I’m
now
giving
you
a
brief
introduction.
◆Kunming,which
is
located
in
the
southwest
of
China,covers
an
area
of
about
21,473
square
kilometers.
◆With
a
population
of
more
than
6.85
million,Kunming
is
a
beautiful
place
and
has
pleasant
weather
and
a
rich
culture.
◆There
are
a
lot
of
places
of
interest
where
visitors
can
enjoy
the
wonderful
scenery
and
all
kinds
of
delicious
food.
四、连句成文
参考范文
Dear
Steven,?
I’m
glad
you
are
coming
to
China
soon.You
asked
about
Kunming
in
your
message
and
I’m
now
giving
you
a
brief
introduction.?
Kunming,which
is
located
in
the
southwest
of
China,covers
an
area
of
about
21,473
square
kilometers.With
a
population
of
more
than
6.85
million,Kunming
is
a
beautiful
place
and
has
pleasant
weather
and
a
rich
culture.Kunming
has
a
good
transport
network,so
it
is
very
convenient
for
people
to
travel.There
are
a
lot
of
places
of
interest
where
visitors
can
enjoy
the
wonderful
scenery
and
kinds
of
delicious
food.
Welcome
to
Kunming.And
I’ll
be
your
guide
when
you
come.
Wish
you
a
pleasant
journey
here.
Li
Ming?
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.青岛位于山东的东部,是一个美丽的城市。
the
east
of
Shandong,Qingdao
is
a
beautiful
city.?
答案:Located
in
2.该城市面积1,200平方千米,人口超过九百万。
The
city
has
an
area
of
1,200
square
kilometers
over
9
million.?
答案:with
a
population
of
3.那里的气候宜人,文化丰富。
It
has
a
pleasant
climate
and
.?
答案:a
rich
culture
4.街道的两边耸立着高楼大厦。
There
are
tall
buildings
of
the
streets.?
答案:standing
on
both
sides
5.城市里有许多名胜古迹,每年吸引着数百万游客。
There
are
many
places
of
interest
in
the
city,which
tourists
every
year.?
答案:attracts
millions
of
Ⅱ.语篇填空
As
the
biggest
and
oldest
in
America,the
Chinatown
in
San
Francisco
with
mild
climate
is
worth
1.
(visit).First
as
a
residential
area
for
Chinese
immigrants,it
then
turned
2.
a
centre
for
Chinese
culture.Though
3.
(destroy)
in
the
1906
earthquake,it
4.
(rebuild)
later.When
you
go
there,you
can’t
miss
the
legendary
Dragon
Gate,the
Tin
How
Temple,Bank
of
Canton
and
Portsmouth
Square,
5.
(name)
but
a
few.
You’d
better
hang
out
in
the
stores
there
to
shop
all
kinds
of
traditional
Chinese
goods.However,
6.
most
impressive
is
the
food,
7.
suits
everyone’s
taste,with
8.
(tradition)
dishes
from
all
over
China.Chinatowns
are
an
important
part
of
the
diverse
culture
of
the
USA,
9.
(especial)
for
those
who
never
10.
(be)
to
China
to
experience
traditional
Chinese
culture
first
hand.?
visiting
into
destroyed
was
rebuilt
to
name
the
which
traditional
especially
have
been(共26张PPT)
Section
C Discovering
Useful
Structures
&
Listening
and
Talking
Ⅰ.知识体系图解
重点词汇
1.
adj.财政的;财务的;金融的?
2.
n.诗集;诗歌;诗作?
3.
adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的?
4.
n.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害?
5.
vt.包;裹;折叠 vt.&vi.(可)折小;(可)叠平?
6.
adv.特别;格外 adj.顶好的;超级的?
7.
n.作品集;收集物;收藏品?
8.
n.百分率;百分比?
financial
poetry
poisonous
poison
fold
super
collection
percentage
9.Atlantic
adj.
?
10.jeans
n. ?
11.boot
n. ?
12.mushroom
n. ?
13.accessory
n.
?
14.souvenir
n.
?
大西洋的
牛仔裤
靴子
蘑菇
配饰;附件;配件
纪念物;纪念品
重点短语
1.sound
like ?
2.try
to
do ?
3.as
soon
as
possible
?
4.leave
out ?
5.check
out
?
6.have
a
history
of
?
7.depend
on
?
8.no
way ?
重点语法省略
听起来像
尽力做
尽可能快地
省略
核实;查实
有……历史
依靠;依据
没门
Ⅱ.选词填空
collection,poisonous,financial,fold,percentage
1.The
company
is
in
difficulties,so
government
help
is
needed.?
2.If
plastic
and
rubber
are
burnt,they’ll
give
off
gases.?
3.Robert’s
of
prints
and
paintings
have
been
bought
over
the
years.?
4.Meer
his
arms
over
his
chest
and
turned
his
head
away.?
5.Interest
rates
are
expected
to
rise
by
one
point.?
financial
poisonous
collections
folded
percentage
Ⅲ.单句填空
1.Although
(tell)
to
stop,he
kept
on
working.?
2.—Will
you
waste
your
time
and
money
on
that?
—Certainly .?
3.Why
not
(go)
and
have
dinner
in
a
restaurant??
4.—I
hear
Mary
is
back
from
the
holiday.
—If ,let’s
go
and
see
her.?
5.—I
will
be
away
on
holiday.Will
you
look
after
my
cat?
—Yes,I
will
be
glad .?
told
not
go
so
to
重点词汇
1.I
really
like
that
paper
folding
book,and
my
son
likes
that
paper
folding
book,too.
我真的很喜欢那本折纸书,我儿子也喜欢那本折纸书。
【词汇精讲】fold作及物动词,意为“包;裹;折叠”,作及物和不及物动词,意思“(可)折小;(可)叠平”。
The
back
of
the
bench
folds
forward
to
make
a
table.
长凳的靠背可以向前翻折成一张桌子。
2.Find
out
which
words
have
been
left
out.
找出省略了哪些词。
【词汇精讲】leave
out是固定搭配,意为“省略;遗漏”。
You’ve
left
out
the
important
word
in
the
sentence.
这个句子你漏掉了那个重要的单词。
Don’t
leave
me
out
when
you’re
giving
out
the
invitations.
当你发请帖时,别忘了我。
【词汇拓展】
Let’s
leave
the
matter
aside
for
a
moment.
让我们把这件事搁一会再说。
All
the
others
went
to
the
concert,and
only
Tom
was
left
behind.
其他所有的人都去听音乐会了,只有汤姆被留下了。
3....it
is
even
mentioned
in
the
oldest
collection
of
Chinese
poetry.
……甚至在中国最古老的诗集中也提到了它。
【词汇精讲】collection是名词,意为“作品集;收集物;收藏品”。
The
painting
comes
from
his
private
collection.
这幅画来自他的私人收藏。
【词汇拓展】
We’ve
been
collecting
data
from
various
sources.
我们一直从各种材料中收集数据。
Like
a
telescope
it
has
a
curved
mirror
to
collect
the
sunlight.
和望远镜一样,它有一个曲面镜可以积聚阳光。
【微写作】
The
main
reason
why
I
collect
the
art
collections
is
that
being
brought
up
in
a
culture
emphasizing
collectivism;I
tend
to
sacrifice
my
own
interest
for
the
group
benefit.
我收藏艺术品的主要原因是我是在一个强调集体主义的文化中长大的;我倾向于为了集体利益而牺牲自己的利益。
重点语法
省略
省略是英语中一种常用的语言现象,它通过省略句子中的某些重复的或多余的成分,使句子简洁明快,重点突出。
一、简单句中的省略
1.省略主语。
(1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。
(You)
Open
the
door,please.请打开门。
(2)其他省略主语多限于现成的说法。
(I)
Thank
you
for
your
help.谢谢你的帮助。
2.省略谓语或谓语的一部分。
(Is)
Anybody
here?有人吗?
3.省略宾语。
—Do
you
know
Mr
White?
—I
don’t
know
(him).
——你认识怀特先生吗?
——我不认识他。
4.省略主语和谓语,或主语和谓语的一部分。
(There
is)
No
smoking.禁止吸烟。
(You
come)
This
way
please.请这边走。
二、动词不定式的省略
1.在expect,forget,hope,intend,love,mean,prefer,refuse,wish等动词后,在语义明确的情况下,可只保留不定式符号to。
I
asked
her
to
go
to
the
concert
with
me,but
she
didn’t
want
to
(go
with
me).
我让她和我一起去听音乐会,但是她不想去。
—Will
you
help
me
with
my
English?
—Yes,I’d
like
to
(help
you
with
your
English).
——你帮我学英语好吗?
——好的,我乐意帮你。
2.不定式在happy,glad,eager,ready,willing等形容词后面作状语时,可以省略,但要保留不定式符号to。
—Will
you
join
us
in
the
game?
—I’d
be
glad
to
(join
you
in
the
game).
——你和我们一起玩游戏好吗?
——我很高兴和你们一起玩游戏。
注意:如果不定式中含有be或have
done,要保留be或have。
—Are
you
a
teacher?
—No,I
used
to
be.
——你是教师吗?
——不是,我以前是。
三、定语从句中作宾语的关系代词的省略
1.that,which,who,whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略。
Where
is
the
book
(that/which)
you
borrowed
from
the
library
last
week?
你上周从图书室里借的书在哪里?
2.先行词是the
way时,后面的定语从句可省略that或in
which。
In
my
opinion,the
way
(that/in
which)
he
did
the
experiment
was
not
right.
我认为他做实验的方式不正确。
四、状语从句中的省略
1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且谓语中含有be时,可以省略从句的主语和be,而保留后面的名词、形容词、介词短语、分词或动词不定式。
Unless
(you
are)
asked
to
speak,you
should
remain
silent
at
the
conference.
如果没有人请你讲话,你应该在会上保持沉默。
This
kind
of
medicine
has
no
side
effects
if
(it
is)
taken
according
to
the
instructions.
如果按照说明书服用,这种药没有副作用。
2.在“when
(或if,where,wherever,whenever,as
soon
as,as
fast
as,than等)
+
possible/necessary等”句式中,可理解为中间省略了it
is(或was)。
He
always
comes
to
help
me
whenever
(it
is)
possible.
只要有可能,他总是来帮我。
You
can
take
out
the
information
from
the
computer
when
(it
is)
necessary.
有必要时你可以从电脑里把信息提取出来。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.—Would
you
like
to
go
on
an
outing
with
me
this
weekend?
—Yes,I’d
like .I
always
find
time
to
be
close
to
nature.?
答案:to
2.—Mary,why
didn’t
you
come
to
my
birthday
party
last
night?
—I
was
going ,but
my
friend
called
on
me.?
答案:to
3.—Is
there
a
primary
school
in
your
village
now?
—No,but
there
used
to .?
答案:be
4.If
you
can’t
work
out
the
problem
in
this
way,why
not
(try)
doing
it
in
another
way??
答案:try
5.—Do
you
think
it
is
going
to
rain
in
the
afternoon?
—I
am
afraid ,for
there
is
no
cloud
in
the
sky.?
答案:not
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.I
will
go
to
her
birthday
party
(如果受到邀请).?
答案:if
invited
2.
(除非被修理),the
machine
is
of
no
use.?
答案:Unless
repaired
3.—I
hear
Jane
fell
off
her
bike
and
had
her
arm
hurt.
—
(如果那样的话),why
not
go
to
see
her??
答案:If
so
4.Tom
looked
here
and
there
on
the
playground (好像在寻找)
for
something.?
答案:as
if
searching
5.
(尽管很累),he
still
went
on
with
his
work.?
答案:Though
tired
