Unit 2 Working the land-Revision

(共121张PPT)
Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦
1． v．　　　　　　　斗争
2． n. 产量，输出
3． n．& v. 饥饿，欲望
4． adj. 令人烦恼的，令人不安的
5． v. 使变大，伸展
6． n．& v. 战役，战斗
7． n. 自由，自主
8． adv. 因此，所以
struggle
output
hunger
disturbing
expand
battle
freedom
therefore
9． v. 装备，配备
10． v. 输出，出口
11． n. 国籍
12． n. 工作，占领
13． v. 使迷惑，使为难
14． n．& v. 遗憾，后悔
15． n. 生产，制造
16． n. 发现，发觉
17． n．& vt. 焦点，中心点；集中，聚焦
18． vt. 减少，缩减
equip
export
nationality
occupation
confuse
regret
production
discovery
focus
reduce
19． n. 土壤
20． n. 根，根源
21． vt. 强调
22． n．& vt. 评论，议论
soil
root
underline
comment
Ⅱ.重点短语扫描
1．rid... 　　　　　　　　摆脱，除去
2． ...free from/of 使……免受
3．struggle 为……而斗争
4．hunger 渴求 (知识)
5．thanks 多亏，由于
6．be satisfied 对……感到满意的
7． addition 除此之外，另外
8．focus 集中 (注意力，精力)于……
9．would 宁愿，宁可
10．care 喜欢，愿意
of
keep
for
for
to
with
in
on
rather
for
11．build 逐渐增强，建立
12．turn 转向，求助于
13．lead 导致
up
to
to
Ⅲ.课文原句突破
1．This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one third more of the crop in the same fields.
[信息提取]　make it...to do使做 (某事)成为……，it是形式宾语，possible是宾语补足语，to do是真正的宾语。
[例句仿写]　他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当做规定去执行。
Wherever he is，he________ ________ ________ ________ ________do running for an hour every day.
【答案】　makes it a rule to
2．Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists，Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer，for he works the land to do his research.
[信息提取]　for引导的分句通常对前一个分句所说的话加以解释，提供判断的理由。
[例句仿写]　天亮了，因为鸟在歌唱。
The day breaks，________ ________ ________ ________ ______.
【答案】　for the birds are singing
3．He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
[信息提取]　would rather (not) do sth.宁愿 (不)做……；更喜欢 (不做)……。
[例句仿写]　今晚你最好呆在家里看点书。
You________ ________ ________ ________ ________and do some reading this evening.
【答案】　would rather stay at home
4．In addition，fruit，vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.
[信息提取]　in addition意思是“而且，还有”；相当于besides，用做状语。
[例句仿写]　我不想去了，再说我也很累。
I don’t want to go，________ ________，________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】　in addition；I am too tired
struggle
(1)vt.& vi.斗争；拼搏，努力，挣扎
①He has been struggling to succeed in his business.
＝He has been struggling for success in his business.
为使事业成功，他一直努力奋斗着。
②We have to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.
我们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。
③She struggled to keep back the tears.她努力忍住泪水。
④The lion made a sudden angry noise and struggled to its feet.
狮子突然发出一阵怒吼，挣扎着站了起来。
(2)n.搏斗，战斗；斗争
⑤After a long struggle，she gained control of the business.
经过长期的努力，她在生意上已能应付自如。
rise to one’s feet站起来
jump to one’s feet跳起来
bring someone to his feet扶起某人
help someone to his feet帮某人站起来
1．(2007年浙江卷)The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle________.
A．to be heard　　　　　　 B．to have heard
C．hearing D．being heard
【解析】　本题考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth.努力做某事。又因“I与hear”之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。
【答案】　A
He worked day and night，and therefore he was able to buy an expensive car.他日夜工作，所以有能力买一辆昂贵的汽车。
She went to a party and therefore didn’t study her lessons.
她去参加了一个聚会，因此没有学习功课。
2．(2006年浙江卷)Progress so far has been very good.________，we are sure that the project will be completed on time.
A．However B．Otherwise
C．Therefore D．Besides
【解析】　本题考查副词的用法。however不管怎样；otherwise 否则；therefore所以；besides 除此以外。根据句意判断，前后句为因果关系，故C项正确。
【答案】　C
equip v．装备；配备
We’ll have to equip our office with a new computer won’t we
我们办公室应该备有一台新电脑，不是吗？
It was a modern，bright，well equipped hospital.
那是一家现代化的、明亮且设备精良的医院。
We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life.我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。
equipment n．装备，设备 (不可数名词)
a piece of equipment一件设备
Our school has been given some new pieces of equipment.
我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。
3．Your education will________you to earn a good living.Work hard from now on.
A．associate B．equip
C．relate D．feed
【解析】　句意为：你所受的教育会使你过上富裕的生活。从今后努力学习吧。associate使联合(系)；relate适应，使相互关联；feed喂养，向……提供。equip使有能力，符合语境。
【答案】　B
regret
(1)vt.遗憾；惋惜
regret to say/tell/inform...that遗憾地说 (告知)……
It is to be regretted that...
可惜的是……，令人遗憾的是……
regret that从句，遗憾……
If you don’t do it now，you’ll only regret it.
你如果现在不做，以后一定会后悔的。
I regretted missing/having missed the good film.
我后悔没能看那部好电影。
I regret to say that I cannot help you.
很抱歉，我不能帮你的忙。
It is to be regretted that the President can’t attend the conference.很遗憾，总统不能参加这次会议。
(2)n.遗憾，抱歉
with great/deep regret很遗憾
to one’s regret让某人感到遗憾的是
He told me with regret that he could not come to the party.
他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。
Much to my regret，I must leave now.
非常抱歉，我现在必须走了。
4. (2007年安徽卷)—Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh，yes.How often I have regretted________his advice!
A．to take B．taking
C．not to take D．not taking
【解析】　regret (not)doing/having done sth.表示“后悔 (没)做 (了)某事”，结合句意，“我时常后悔没有听取他的建议。”
【答案】　D
5．I regret________you that we are unable to offer you employment.
A．informing B．having informed
C．to inform D．to informed
【解析】　该句意为：很遗憾地通知你，我们不能雇用你。
【答案】　C
6．Lydia really regrets________out of high school.She has really had to struggle to make a living because of that decision.
A．drop B．to drop
C．dropping D．dropped
【解析】　句意为：Lydia非常后悔中学时就辍学了。因为那个 (错误的)决定，她为了谋生不得不非常努力地奋斗。“后悔做过某事”用regret＋v. ing。
【答案】　C
thanks to多亏了，由于
Thanks to your timely help，I managed to finish the work on time.
多亏了你及时的帮助，我按时完成了工作。
It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.
多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。
The accident was due to his careless driving.
事故是由于他的粗心驾驶造成的。
Owing to your timely help，we finished the work ahead of time.
由于你及时的帮助，我们提前完成了工作。
As a result of the bad weather，the football match was put off.
由于天气不好，足球赛被推迟。
7．It was________your timely help that we could solve the problem.
A．for B．because
C．thanks to D．due to
【答案】　C
be satisfied with对……表示满足或满意
Not satisfied with his performance on the football court，the famous player burst into tears.
对足球赛场上的表现不满意，这位著名的运动员突然哭起来。
You’ve done well at school.I’m very satisfied with you.
你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。
(1)be satisfied to do对做……感到满意
He was satisfied to win the race.他对赢得赛跑感到满意。
(2)satisfied adj.满足的，满意的
There was a satisfied look on his face.
他脸上露出了满意的微笑。
(3)(much)to one’s satisfaction＝to the satisfaction of sb.
使某人满意的是
Much to my satisfaction，my boss agreed to my suggestion.
很使我满意的是老板同意了我的建议。
The war came to an end，to the satisfaction of everybody.
令大家满意的是，战争结束了。
(4)satisfy vt.满足，使满意
My parents try to satisfy my needs.
我父母亲尽量满足我的需求。
8．Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ________ his boss.
A．serves B．satisfies
C．promises D．supports
【解析】　serve为……服务，服侍；satisfy使某人满意；promise允诺，保证；support支持。根据句子意思“Nick在另找工作，因为他觉得他做的事情无法使老板满意”可得出结论。
【答案】　B
9．Be happy！It seemed that Miss Guo was________with your work today.
A．dishonest B．confused
C．satisfied D．angry
【解析】　be satisfied with对……满意。
【答案】　C
lead to导致；造成 (后果)；通向…… (不用于被动语态) (＝result in)
There is no doubt that stress can lead to physical illness.
毫无疑问，心理压力会导致生理疾病。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
(1)result from/lie in结果由于/因为……原因
Carefulness leads to/results in success while failure may lie in/result from carelessness.
细心便会成功，而失败可能是因为粗心。
(2)lead sb.to (do)sth.使得，引导某人做某事
What led you to take up acting as a career
是什么让你从事演艺事业的？
10．(2007年浙江卷)We firmly believe that war never settles anything.It only________violence.
A．runs into B．comes from
C．leads to D．begins with
【解析】　句意为：我们坚信战争永远不能解决任何事情，它只能导致暴力。lead to导致，符合题意。
【答案】　C
focus on/upon集中注意力于……
focus attention/efforts/energy/thoughts/mind on (doing)sth.
集中注意力/努力/精力/思想/心思于……
All eyes were focused on the speaker.
大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。
Attention has been focused recently on the danger of nuclear reactors.最近人们的注意力集中于核反应堆的危险上。
Focus your attention on your work.
把注意力集中在你的工作上。
focus n．中心；焦点
She was the focus of everyone’s attention at the party.
她是那次聚会时人人注意的焦点。
11．Public attention at the moment is focused________the problem of environment balance.
A．into B．towards
C．about D．on
【解析】　focus...on为固定搭配，意为“把……集中于”。
【答案】　D
Dr.Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.
袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
what is called super hybrid rice用做grows的宾语从句。名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语成分时，用关系代词what连接。
After a hard time，they came to what is called America today.
艰难的努力后他们来到了现在称作美洲的地方。
We now live in what is called the Information Age.
我们现在生活在一个信息时代。
He graduated from what was called a key high school.
他毕业于一所重点高中。
12．(2008年浙江卷)Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from________their parents speak at home.
A．what B．that
C．which D．one
【解析】　句意为：一些孩子想学习一门不同于家中父母所讲的语言来挑战自我。what引导名词性从句，在句中作speak的宾语。
【答案】　A
13．A modern city has been set up in______was a wasteland ten years ago.
A．what B．which
C．that D．where
【解析】　句意为：一座现代化的城市在十年前是一片废墟的地方建立起来。
【答案】　A
He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他更愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。
would rather宁愿、宁可，没有人称和数的变化，所有的人称一律用would rather。
He would rather walk than take a bus.
他宁愿走，也不愿乘公交车。
Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。
(2)would rather＋从句
would rather have done本来想……而未实现
I would rather you didn’t.常用来表示委婉拒绝别人的请求。
I would rather you went right now.我宁愿你马上就去。
I’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.
我真希望你那天没有把那消息告诉他。
14．I would rather________the football match last night with my friends.Otherwise，I would have finished my paperwork by now.
A．not have watched
B．not watch
C．hadn’t watched
D．haven’t watched
【答案】　A
Recently，however，scientists have been finding that long term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and，even more dangerous，to people’s health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。
have been finding是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，并强调现在还在进行。
John has been painting the ceiling.
约翰一直在粉刷天花板。
No wonder you are so tired.You have been working all day.
难怪你这么累，你工作一天了。
Because of illness，he has been lying in bed all day.
由于生病，他整天都躺在床上。
15．(2009年浙江卷)Over the past decades，sea ice________in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A．had decreased
B．decreased
C．has been decreasing
D．is decreasing
【解析】　句意为：在过去几十年里，由于全球变暖，北极的海冰一直在减少。由时间状语over the past decades可知，主句只能用现在完成时，故选C。
【答案】　C
16．—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so.He________for it for months.
A．is preparing B．was preparing
C．had been preparing D．has been preparing
【解析】　句意为：——我相信Andrew会赢得最后的比赛。——我也这样想，他已经准备了好几个月了。从对话语境可知prepare这一动作从过去一直持续到说话的现在，故用have been doing 结构。
【答案】　D
17．—I have got a headache.
—No wonder.You________in front of that computer too long.
A．work B．are working
C．have been working D．worked
【解析】　句意：——我头疼。——不足为奇。你坐在电脑前工作了很长时间。由语境可以看出，work开始于过去持续到现在，故用现在完成时，而进行体表示感彩，即说话者在本句中表示“抱怨”的语气，故用现在完成进行时。
【答案】　C
18．They________on the program for almost one week before I joined them，and now we________it as no good results have come out so far.
A．had been working；are still working
B．had worked；were still working
C．have been working；have worked
D．have worked；are still working
【解析】　此题考查的是时态问题。从before引导的从句中的过去时态可知主句的时态应为过去完成时，故排除C、D。从意思上可以看出他们一直工作了一周，强调动作的持续，同时now也提示出后面应用现在进行时。
【答案】　A
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The country has gained large quantities of profits by ________(出口) its natural resources to other countries.
【答案】　exporting
2．Many people enjoy traveling to ________(扩大) their knowledge.
【答案】　expand
3．People are________(困惑的) about all the different labels on food these days.
【答案】　confused
4．The bad weather has________(减少) grain harvests in the last couple of years.
【答案】　reduced
5．The average________(产量) of the factory is 20 cars a day.
【答案】　output
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1．—The final exam is coming.Would you mind my staying up late，going over my lessons
—I’d rather you________.With the light on，I can’t fall asleep.
A．don’t　　　　　　　　 B．didn’t
C．won’t D．haven’t
【解析】　“would rather＋从句”时，从句的主语与主句不一致时，从句中的谓语动词若表示同现在事实相反，则应用一般过去时。“我宁愿你不要熬夜”同现在事实相反。
【答案】　B
2．—Did you say anything at the meeting
—Yes，but________it.
A．I’d rather not do
B．I’d rather not doing
C．I’d rather not have done
D．I’d rather not did
【解析】　would rather not have done表示“宁愿没有做，而实际上做了”。
【答案】　C
3．—Would you rather________there tomorrow
—No.I’d rather he________there instead of me.
A．to go；will go B．go；went
C．go；will go D．going；shall go
【解析】　Would you rather do sth.？“你愿意做……吗？”因此第一个空要用动词原形；第二个空要用虚拟语气，即would rather sb.did sth.宁愿别人做……。
【答案】　B
4．—Will you join us in playing cards
—Thank you，but________at the moment.
A．I’d like to not B．I’m afraid so
C．I’d rather not D．I’d better not to
【解析】　A项中的not要放在to前才对；B项中的so要改为I can’t才对；D项中的to应去掉才对。
【答案】　C
5．—Did you scold the boy for his mistakes
—Yes，but________it.
A．I’d rather not do
B．I’d not better do
C．I’d rather not have done
D．I’d rather not to have done
【解析】　would rather (not)have done sth.表“要是 (没)做过某事就好了”。
【答案】　C
Ⅲ.情景交际
1. (2009年合肥三模)—John，it is your turn to clean the floor this afternoon.
—________I was right on duty yesterday.
A．Pardon B．Why not
C．I can’t agree more. D．Are you kidding
【解析】　考查交际用语。由空格后的句子可知，这里表示怀疑，所以用Are you kidding表示“你在开玩笑吧”。
【答案】　D
2. (2009年皖南八校三模)—I’ve been invited to a department party tonight.Are you going to come
—Oh，I’d really like to，but I have a ton of work.________.
A．Thank you anyway B．You’re welcome
C．All right D．With pleasure
【解析】　考查交际用语，由空前的“但是我有许多工作 (要做)”可知，空格处应用A，表示“不管怎样，都谢谢你”。
【答案】　A
3. (2009年安徽示范性高中联考二)—I think your deskmate is your close friend.
—________He is the last one I turn to when I’m in trouble.
A．Get off it! B．Is that right
C．I couldn’t agree more. D．It’s up to you.
【解析】　考查交际用语。Get off it！别这么说！Is that right？那样对吗？I couldn’t agree more.完全同意，It’s up to you.由你决定。
【答案】　A
4．(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)—Is there anything I can do for you，sir
—________，but I’m being served.
A．Oh，you are a nice girl
B．That’s all right
C．It’s very kind of you
D．Thank you all the same
【解析】　考查情景交际。根据语境可知“已经有人招呼我了”。对别人的主动帮助婉言拒绝时可以用“Thank you all the same”，意为“同样感谢”。
【答案】　D
5. (2009年杭州检测二)—What about the rent
—________.You can pay weekly or monthly.
A．It’s up to you B．That’s all right
C．You can’t miss it D．Not at all
【解析】　该题考查交际用语。A：由你决定；B：别客气，没关系；C：你不会错过的；D：别客气。
【答案】　A
Ⅳ.语法专练
本单元语法——v. ing形式作主语和宾语
1．It’s fun________in a river or a lake with some friends in summer.
A．to be swimming B．swimming
C．swam D．swim
【解析】　考查it’s fun doing...的固定句型。此处it为形式主语，真正的主语是动名词短语。不定式也能作主语，但它往往表示将来某个具体的动作，而动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
【答案】　B
2．________the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A．The president will attend
B．The president to attend
C．The president attended
D．The president’s attending
【解析】　本题考查动名词的复合结构作主语的用法。选项A时态不对；不定式作定语一般也用来表示将要发生的动作；主语从句中的that不能省。
【答案】　D
3．While shopping，people sometimes can’t help________into buying something they don’t really need.
A．to persuade B．persuading
C．being persuaded D．be persuaded
【解析】　can’t help表示“禁不住”时，后跟动名词形式，句意为“逛商店时，人们有时忍不住被劝说着买一些他们并不需要的东西”。
【答案】　C
4．________these suggestions will help you become more cooperative and achieve more.
A．Followed B．Following
C．To follow D．Being followed
【解析】　考查非谓语动词。句意为：遵循这些建议将有助于你更富有合作精神并取得更大的成就。following these suggestions是动名词短语作主语。follow与you之间是主谓关系，排除A、D；不定式作主语通常用来表示偶然性或具体的动作，因此C项不恰当。
【答案】　B
5．________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.
A．exposed B．Having exposed
C．Being exposed D．After being exposed
【解析】　考查动名词作主语。因为expose的通辑主语是skin，两者是被动关系，所以用被动形式。
【答案】　C
1、struggle v．&n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) We must struggle for passing the entrance exams.
(2) They were struggling_to get out the burning car.
根据语义找匹配：A. 挣扎　B. 为……而努力
(1) B　(2) A
1、struggle v．&n.
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle for sth. 努力以博取某物；为争取某物而斗争
struggle with/against… 同……搏斗；与……展开斗争
straggle to one's feet挣扎着站起
表示“与……战斗、斗争”的短语还有：
fight with 与……战斗
fight for 为争取……而斗争
fight against与……斗争；与……并肩作战
短语
1、struggle v．&n.
单项填空
(　　)He has been struggling ______ success in his business.
A. against B. with C. for D. to
1、struggle v．&n.
C　考查struggle for努力以博取……，struggle with/against… 同……搏斗。
2、regret v．&n.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Tom regretted not telling his parents the thing.
(2) I regretted_to tell you that you hadn't passed the driving test.
(3) He told me with_regret_that he couldn't come to the party.
根据语义找匹配：A. 遗憾地　B. 后悔　C. 抱歉
(1) B　(2) C　(3) A
2、regret v．&n.
regret doing / having done 后悔做了某事(表示已经做的事情)
regret to do 因要做某事而感到遗憾(表示将要做的事情)
regret to say/ tell 抱歉地说/告诉……
much to one's regret 深感遗憾
with regret 遗憾地
链接
2、regret v．&n.
remember /forget/ regret后既接doing又接to do作宾语，它们选择的依据就是看非谓语动词与谓语动词发生的先后确定。当非谓语动词的动作先于谓语动词发生时，就用v. ing或having done形式；后于谓语动词发生时，就用to do sth.
I only regret not struggling for the entrance exams at first. (强调“没努力”发生在regret之前)
I regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment. (强调“通知你”发生在regret之后)
2、regret v．&n.
单项填空
(　　)(1) They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted ______ them.
A. to be not able to help B. not being able to help
C. being not able to help D. not be able to help
2、regret v．&n.
B　考查regret doing的用法。根据语境：“没帮助他们”的动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以答案是B。
(　　)(2) I regret ______ you that Tom failed the exams and he regretted ______ your advice.
A. to tell; not to follow B. telling; not following
C. to tell; not following D. telling; not to follow
2、regret v．&n.
C　考查regret to do/doing的用法。regret to do意为“遗憾地要做某事”，regret (not) doing/having done意为“后悔没做某事/做了某事”。
(　　)(3) Much ______ my regret, I'm unable to accept your kind invitation.
A. for B. with C. to D. by
2、regret v．&n.
C　much to one's regret意为“非常遗憾/抱歉”。
3、 reduce v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) They've reduced the prices in the shop, so it's a good time to buy.
(2) He is trying to reduce expenses.
(3) We must gradually reduce_the wage gap.
根据语义找匹配：A. 降低　B. 减少　C. 缩小
(1) A　(2) B　(3) C
3、 reduce v.
同义词：decrease
反义词：increase，rise
reduce…by 减少了(其后常加百分数，也可加具体数字)
链接
reduce…to 减少到(其后常加具体数字)
The shopkeeper reduced the price to $50.
店主把价格降到50美元。
The shopkeeper reduced the price by $10.
店主把价格降了10美元。
链接
3、 reduce v.
单项填空
(　　)Tom's weight was reduced ______ 10 kilograms last year.
A. by B. to C. from D. in
3、 reduce v.
A　考查reduce的基本用法。此处应根据句意选择，汤姆的体重只能降低10kg，不可能降低到10kg, 所以答案是A。
4、thanks to
根据语境猜词义
(1) Thanks_to the English language，we can learn a lot from other countries.
(2) It was thanks_to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.
根据语义找匹配：A. 由于　B. 多亏了
(1)B　(2) A
4、thanks to
because of/due to/owing to/on account of
because of 只能引导状语。
We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback.
due to 英国英语中只能引导表语，美国英语中既可作表语也可作状语。
Our victory was due to the assistance of the star player.
辨析
4、thanks to
owing to既可作状语又可作表语，以状语最常见，它所引导的状语必须是修饰全句的，故必须用逗号与主句隔开，这与because of是不同的。
They decided to postpone the trip, owing to the change of weather.
They refused to give up the project merely because of the lack of skilled personnel.
辨析
4、thanks to
在第一句中owing to 直接影响了主要动词decide，而在第二句中because of 却只影响了次要动词give up, 而对主要动词refuse无任何影响。且第一句中，owing to可放在句首，而第二句中because of则不能。
thanks to也是引导状语，除表示“由于”之外往往带有感谢或讽刺的意思。
Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved.
辨析
4、thanks to
单项填空
(　　)______ the new policy, we are now having a happy life.
A. Thanks to B. Because
C. For D. Thanks for
4、thanks to
A　考查近义词的辨析。此处，thanks to应为“多亏了”， because后应加句子； for 表示补充说明的原因，后接分句，一般不在句首。
试填下空：
(1) ______ your help.We all passed the exam.
(2) ______ your help, we all passed the exam.
A. Thanks for B. Thanks to
(1) A　由于有句号，说明它们彼此独立，互不为因果关系，所以答案是A，表示“因……而感谢”。
(2) B　因为/由于你的帮助，我们才通过考试。里面有因果关系。thanks to your help为原因状语短语，所以后面用逗号。
4、thanks to
5、lead to
根据语境猜词义
(1) All roads lead_to Rome.
(2) His carelessness led_to his failure.
根据语义找匹配：A. 导致；造成(后果)　B. 通向
(1) B　(2) A
5、lead to
leading adj. 主要的，最重要的；卓越的，一流的；领导的，带头的
leader n. 领袖，领导者，指挥者
leadership n. 领导，指挥，领导权
链接
lead sb. to 把某人带到
lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事；促使某人做某事
lead sb. ＋ 介词＋名词 领导、带领、率领某人做某事
lead sb. to sp.把某人带到某地
under the leadership of 在……的领导下
短语
5、lead to
单项填空
(　　)The road ______ the city is lined with trees.
A. lead to B. result from
C. result in D. leading to
5、lead to
D　考查短语意思辨析。按照词组意思排除。还要注意分析句子结构，找主干。leading to作后置定语修饰the road。
would rather not do sth. 不愿做某事
I'd rather stay for a little while, not leave right away.
我想呆一会而不想马上离开。
would rather have done sth. 过去想做某事而实际上并未做到
He would rather have left yesterday, but he had to wait for me.
他想昨天就走的，但不得不等我。(想做而没做)
6、would rather
would rather do sth. than do another 宁愿做某事而不愿做另外的一件事
I'd rather stay at home reading than go out for a walk.
我宁愿待在家里看书也不出去散步。
6、would rather
would rather sb. had done sth. (过去)倒想做
I would rather you had finished your homework yesterday. 我想让你昨天就把作业做完。(实际上没做完)
would rather sb. did sth. (现在或将来)想做
I would rather he went out for an outing with us tomorrow, but he won't be free then. 我想让他明天和我们一起郊游，但他那时不可能有空。
6、would rather
7、if so
so在这里是代词，代替前面的分句或句子，构成缩略条件句，语义可由上下文语境得知。
Will you get a free evening next week If so, let us have dinner. 下周你有一个晚上的空闲吗？如果有，我们一起吃顿饭吧。
7、if so
so也常用在believe, expect, hope, suppose, think, assume, presume, fear, imagine, fancy, guess, hear, say, tell, I'm afraid等表示看法和意见的词语之后，以及一些系动词appear，become，get，keep，seem，prove，turn等之后。
if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if not 如果不
if any 如果有一些 if anything 如果有什么的话
if only 要是……就好了 if possible 如有可能
what if 倘若……怎么样/怎么办
I don't know if there are some mistakes in my composition. If any, please point them out.
我不知道我的作文中是否有一些错误，如果有的话，请指出来。
链接
7、if so
单项填空
(　　)(1)If you've finished, we can have a coffee. ______，you'd better keep working.
A. If so B. Only if C. If only D. If not
(　　)(2) The girl seldom, if ______， turned to her brother for protection.
A. never B. ever C. any D. then
7、if so
(　　)(3) Mary took her study seriously and Kate ______.
A. more so even perhaps
B. perhaps even more so
C. probably less as much
D. possibly even so
7、if so
8、This special strain of rice makes_it_possible to produce one third more of the crop in the same fields. (P10)
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。　
“make it ＋ 宾语补足语 ＋ 动词不定式”， it 作形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语。有时真正的宾语是从句。有此用法的动词还有consider/think/make/find/believe/declare/feel/guess/imagine/prove。
He felt it his duty to take good care of them.
The bad weather makes it impossible for us to go for a picnic.
We make it a rule to do some English practice before class.
Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long standing debt.
Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin
(　　) 1. (2009·江西)Some of you may have finished unit one. ______， you can go on to unit two.
A. If you may B. If you do
C. If not D. If so
　If_so,_what did you do to grow them If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing？(P9)
D　本题考查省略句的用法。 If so ＝ If you have done that / so。
(　　)2. (2007 ·安徽)— Robert is indeed a wise man.
— Oh, yes. How often I regretted ______ his advice.
A. to take B. taking
C. not to take D. not taking
　His father says that he has never regretted_sending his son to study abroad. (P13)
D　考查动词的意思及用法辨析。先确定regret在这句话中意思为“后悔”，根据句子意思，应该为“后悔没有听取他的建议”。
(　　) 3. (2007· 浙江) We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only______ violence.
A. runs into B. comes from
C. leads to D. begins with
　Many of these chemicals can lead_to cancer or other illnesses. (P14)
C　考查动词短语词义辨析。 run into 撞上；come from 来自于；begin with以…… 开始。