2021年寒假牛津深圳版八年级上册冠词 教案+练习（无答案）

英语学科个性化教学辅导教案

学生
年级
八年级
上课地点
第 次授课
授课时间
年 月 日 星期
学科老师

教学规划师

教学课题
冠词
教学目标
教学重、难点
教学内容

冠词
知识精讲
冠词是说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词，置于名词之前，它不能离开名词而单独存在。
冠词的分类：不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词。
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一、不定冠词
1.?不定冠词的搭配：
不定冠词有a和an两个，表示“一个”，“一类”或“一”，可以说是单数名词的帽子，用于单数名词之前。
冠词
包括
区别
举例
不定冠词
a
用于辅音音素开头的单词前
a ?book; a ruler,
a ?university
an
用于元音音素开头的单词前
an ?egg; an umbrella;
an ?apple
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2.?不定冠词的用法
用法
例句
当第一次提到某人或某物时，用a或an
起介绍作用
---What is this??这是什么？
---It is a bus.?这是一辆公共汽车。
指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物
A boy is looking for you.?一个男孩儿正在找你。
表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没
有one强烈
I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.
我有一张嘴，一个鼻子和两只眼睛。
表示“每一”，相当于every
Lucy and I go to school six days a week.
我和露西每周上六天学。
用在序数词前，表示“又一”、“再一”
Mr. and Mrs. Shute had a daughter called Jane.
Then they had a second child---a son.
舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简。不久，他们又有了
一个小孩—一个儿子。
用于可视为一体的两个名词前
a knife and fork一副刀叉
当名词被such, ?so, many等词修饰时，不
定冠词放在这些词之后
---Did you see the football match last night?
你看了昨晚的足球比赛了吗？
---Yes, I have never seen such an exciting match
before.
看了，我之前从没看过这么精彩的比赛。
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3.?不定冠词常用在某些固定词组中，如：
a lot (of)?许多，大量???????????????? a little?一点儿???????????????????? a few?一些，少数几个???????
in a hurry?匆忙????????????????????????? have a cold?感冒????????? ?????? make a face?做鬼脸????????????
a number of许多???????????????? ?????? a pair of?一对??????????????????????????? have a good time过得愉快??
have a swim=swim??????? ????????????? have a walk=walk???????????????? have a look=look?????????????????
have a talk=talk
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二、定冠词
???定冠词只包含一个“the”，用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。区别于不定冠词，定冠词具有确定的意思，用以特指人或事物。
1.?定冠词的基本用法
用法
举例
特指某（些）人或某（些）事物
The book on the desk is a story book.
(特指桌上的那本书。)
指说话人与听话人彼此所熟悉的人或事物
Let’s meet at the bus station.
(双方都知道的那个汽车站。)
复述上文提过的人或事物
---What’s this?
---It’s a schoolbag. The schoolbag is Liu Tao’s.
表示世界上独一无二的事物
the sun太阳；the moon月亮；the ?sky天空
在序数词、形容词最高级前
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
习惯用法中
in the morning; in the afternoon; in the evening
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2.?定冠词的其他用法
主要用法
举例
与单数名词连用表示一类事物，或与形容词或分词连
用，表示一类人
the ?dollar?美元; the fox?狐狸；
the ?living?生者；the rich?富人
用于表示方向或方位的名词前
the ?east?东方；?the left?左边
用于江河海洋，山脉群岛，海峡海湾的专有名词前
the ?Red Sea?红海；
the ?Himalayas喜马拉雅山
用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶
级等专有名词前
the ?People’s Republic of China
中华人民共和国；
the ?United States美国
用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前
She ?can play the piano.
她会弹钢琴。
用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人　　
the ?Greens
格林一家人?(或格林夫妇)
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三、零冠词
????零冠词是指名词前面没有不定冠词( a/an )、定冠词( the )，也没有其他限定词的现象。
1.?零冠词的基本用法
主要用法
举例
国名，人名前通常不用冠词
Chinese ?food is also very popular in America.
中国食物在美国同样非常受人欢迎。
Shakespeare ?is the author of?Romeo and Juliet.
莎士比亚是《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的作者。
名词前有this, that, my, your, whose, ?some, any, no, each, every等词时，不用冠词
This ?is my hat.?这是我的帽子。
I ?have to do my homework.?我得做我的作业。
在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不
加冠词
by ?plane??乘飞机????????????????? by boat乘船??
on ?foot走路??????????????????????? Chinese ?语文
在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星
期等表示时间的名词之前，一般不用冠
词
Spring ?is coming.?春天要来了。
We ?go to school from Monday to Friday.
我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，
不加冠词
have ?breakfast吃早饭；play chess玩象棋
在一些固定词组中不加冠词
at ?home在家??????????????? at first?起初?????????
at ?last?最后????????????????? at once?立刻
at ?noon在中午???????????? at work?在工作???????????
on ?time准时???????????????? at night?在晚上
in ?school?在上学????????? in class?在课上????????????
in ?bed?在床上????????????? ??? for example?例如
go ?shopping/ swimming/ boating/ fishing
去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
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2.?不用冠词的其他情况
主要用法
例句
泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，可不用定冠词
They ?are teachers.
他们是教师。
抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词
Failure ?is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母。
物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，当表示特定
的意思时，需要加定冠词
Man ?cannot live without water.
人离开水就无法生存。
在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词
President ?Bush布什总统；
Professor ?Smith史密斯教授
当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省去冠词
I ?can’t write without pen or pencil.
没有钢笔或铅笔，我就写不了字。
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三点剖析
一、重难点：
冠词是用在名词前起辅助作用的词，要注意冠词不会单独出现。冠词用法比较复杂，一定要掌握不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词不同的使用情况。
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二、易错点：
1.?不定冠词a用在辅音音素前，而不是用在辅音字母前；an用在元音音素前，而不是用在元音字母前。如：a European, a university, an hour, an honest boy。
2.?零冠词中，国名、人名前不加冠词，是指单纯词形式的词，如：England, America, Frank；不能是合成词，如：the United States of America。
3.?当由介词by加交通工具表达交通方式时，不加冠词（但是由动词take加交通工具时，则需要用冠词），例如：by bus=take a bus; by taxi=take a taxi。
题模精讲
题模一 不定冠词及用法
例1.1、
用a或an填空
1_??????????????????????worker????????????? 2.???????????????????????European country
例1.2、
用a或an完成句子
Would you like _________apple or _________pear?
题模二 定冠词及用法
例2.1、
. I really like _________ book you lent me yesterday.
A、
a
B、
an
C、
the
D、
/
例2.2、
. ---Look! There is a monkey eating _________ apple in the tree.
---En, _________ monkey is very cute.
A、
a; a
B、
a; the
C、
an; an
D、
an; the
题模三 零冠词及用法
例3.1、
. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _________ basketball.
A、
a
B、
an
C、
the
D、
/
例3.2、
. --- Will you get there by _________ train?
---No, I’ll take _________ taxi.
A、
/; a
B、
a; the
C、
/; /
D、
the; a
随堂练习
随练1.1、
There is ______ eraser on the desk.
A、
/
B、
an
C、
?a
D、
the
随练1.2、
The tall boy is my cousin. He is ______ university student.
A、
a
B、
an
C、
the
D、
/
随练1.3、
There is ______ Iphone5 on my table. ______ Iphone5 is made in America.
A、
an; the
B、
the; A
C、
an; A
D、
a; An
随练1.4、
This is ______ apple. ______ apple is good.
A、
an; The
B、
the; An
C、
an; A
D、
the; A
随练1.5、
David is very clever. She can play _____ violin.
A、
the
B、
an
C、
a
D、
/
随练1.6、
用a或an填空
1.?????_______arm???????????????????? ??????? 2.??????????????????????eye
3.?????_______book????????? ??????????? 4.??????????????????????umbrella
随练1.7、
Lily likes to play ______ guitar in her free time but Tony likes to play ______ soccer.
A、
?a; the
B、
the; /
C、
?the; a
D、
an; a
随练1.8、
用a或an填空
1.?????_______animal???????????????????????????????? 2.???????????????????????ear
3.?????_______bike????????????????????????????????????? 4.???????????????????????x
5._???_______hour???????????????????????????????????? 6._???_______university
随练1.9、
用a或an完成句子
1. There is _________old man under the tree.
2. Tom is _________honest boy. He is going to _________university in London.
3. Give me _________egg, please.
4. This is _________teacher. He is _________English teacher.
随练 2.0、
What’s this in English?? - It’s a car. It’s ______old car.
A、
a
B、
an
C、
the
D、
/
随练2.1、
There is ___ alarm clock on the table. It’s a new one.
A、
the
B、
a
C、
an
D、
has
随练2.2、
There is ________ “o” in the word “ fourteen.”
A、
a
B、
an
C、
the
D、
/
随练2.3、
This is ______ ID card. ______ ID card is Tom’s.
A、
a, A
B、
an, A
C、
the, The
D、
an, The
随练2.4、
There is a factory near the farm. Many people work in _________factory.
A、
the
B、
a
C、
an
D、
/
随练2.5、
—Tom, do you like playing______ piano?
—No. I like playing_______ chess.
A、
a, the
B、
the, /
C、
/, the
D、
the, a
随练2.6、
My sister likes playing? ??piano, but she doesn’t like playing? ???tennis.
A、
不填，the
B、
the, 不填
C、
不填，不填
D、
the, the
随练2.7、
I don’t like playing _________violin at home. Let’s play _________basketball at school.
A、
the; the
B、
the; /
C、
/; the
D、
/; /
随练2.8、
Is there ______ old supermarket on ______ Bridge Street?
A、
a; the
B、
an; the
C、
the; /
D、
an; /
随练2.9、
We have ______ lunch ______ half past twelve.
A. a; at B. an; at C. /; at D. the; in
课后拓展
1. English is _________ useful language. We should learn it well.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2. —Excuse me, is this __________ egg?
— No, it’s __________ cake.
A. an; a B. a; a C. a; an D. an; an
3.—What do you want to be in the future，Nick?
—I want to be __________ pilot. It is __________ exciting job.
A. a; a B. a; an C. the; an D. a; the
4. As we know, England is ________ European country and Singapore is ________ Asian country.
A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an
5. My best friend Neil is __________ honest boy. You can believe him.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. —What’s the matter with you?
—I caught __________ bad cold and had to stay in __________ bed.
A. a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; the
7. — Mike, could you come and give me __________ hand?
—Ok, Mum. I’m coming now.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
8. Let me have __________ look. It’s __________ant.
A. a; a B. a; an C. the; an D. the; a
9. My grandparents take __________ walk for half __________ hour after supper.
A. a; a B. a; an C. the; an D. a; the
10.________number of students have gone to Shanghai.________ number of those students is 98.
A. /; The B. The; A C. A; The D. A; A
11. If we sit by ______window of the train, we’ll have _______better view.
A. / ; the B, / ； a C. the； a D. the； the
12.________ young man beside me is ________ university student.
A. An; a B. A; an C. The; an D. The; a
13. Helen has_____ lovely pet dog. ______dog is clever enough to bring her newspapers every evening.
A. a; A B. the; The C. a; The D. the; A
14.The Changjiang River is one of ________ longest rivers in________ world.
A. the; / B. /; / C. the; the D. the; a
15. Susan joined an art club at ________ age of six and she paints well now.
A．the B. an C. a D./
16. I often have _______ egg and a glass of milk for ________ breakfast every day.
A. an; / B. a; / C. an; the D. a; the
17. We often have sports after class, and I like to play ________ basketball.
A. a B. an C. the D. 不填
18. He gets up early in ________ morning, but goes to bed late at________ night.
A. the; a B./; the C. the; / D.an; a
19. Many people have got the habit of buying flowers for their mothers on __________.
A. Mothers’ Day B. the Mothers’ s Day
C. the Mother’s Day D. Mother’s Day
20. It was __________ hottest day in last summer and I went there by __________ taxi.
A. a; a B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the21.There is “h” in word “photo”．
A．a，a B．an，the C．the，an D．an，an
22. Is there ________“r” and ________“u” in the word “picture”？
A．an; an B．an; a C．a; the D．a; an
23. I ride my bike on ________one-way road to school every day.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
24. I read ________unusual story in_________ useful book last week.
A．an; an B．an; a C．a; a D．a; an
25. —It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 100℃ below zero.
—Really? ______ nice surprise!
A. How B. What C. What a D. What an
26.—Do you want to give him ________ third chance?
—Yes, he's ________ only child in the poor family.
A．the; a B．the; the C．a; / D．a; the
27.Her mother is ill in ________ hospital. She must go to ________ hospital and look after her.
A．/; / B．the; the C．/; the D．the; /
28.Lisa, ________ 11?year?old girl, can sing ________ pop songs. She dreams of being a pop singer.
A. a; a number of B. a; the number of
C. an; a number of D. an; the number of
29. — __________ apple a day keeps the doctor away!
— What do you mean? I have never heard of __________ saying before.
A. An; a B. An; the C. A; the D. A; a
30. It’s reported that a terrible rainstorm hit __________ south of our country.
A. a B. the C. / D. an
31. This novel can make you laugh and cry at __________ same time.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
32. Before I talked with ________ doctor, I had never met such ________ humorous person like him.
A．a; a B．the; a C．a; the D．the; the
33. — Do you often play __________ soccer with your friends?
—No, I don’t like sports. I often play __________ piano in my free time.
A. a; the B. the; / C. /; the D. the; a
34. We’d better get ready for the dinner now because __________ Greens are coming to visit us tonight.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
35. —Li Na is __________ first Asian who won championship in French Tennis Open.
—We’re proud of her!
A. a B. an C. the D. /