2021年寒假牛津深圳版八年级上册介词教案+练习（无答案）

英语学科个性化教学辅导教案

学生
年级
八年级
上课地点
第 次授课
授课时间
年 月 日 星期
学科老师

教学规划师

教学课题
介词
教学目标
教学重、难点
教学内容

介词
介词是一种虚词，不能独立充当句子成分，需与动词、形容词和名词搭配，才能在句子中充当成分。介词是用于名词或代词之前，表示词与词之间关系的词类，介词常与动词、形容词和名词搭配表示不同意义。介词短语中介词后接名词、代词或可以替代名词的词（如：动名词v-ing）.介词后的代词永远为宾格形式。

【表示时间的介词】
（1）in
in +时间段，表示从现在起往后推算一段时间，表示将来，用how soon来提问
例：He’ll come back in two days.
表示在一段特指的时间内，可用in 或during
例：The work was done in / during the holidays.
表示世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节（常考：年季月）用in , 如:in 1999 , in June , in winter
（2）at
at意为“在”，用来表示在具体的时刻或年龄。如：
at 8：00　 at 12：30　 at noon　 at night　 at the age of 15
（3）on
on 表示某一天或日期，如on Saturday morning；on the night of May2
注意：一天内各段时间表达, 选用正确的介词，请比较：
in the morning & on a winter / snow / cold / morning
at night & on the night of March 7th
in the evening & on Friday evening
（4）for
for 表示延续一段时间,用于所有时态，前提是动作必须是延续性的。
I’ll study in the U.S for two years.
I’ve waited for Bingo for half an hour.
（5）since
since表示从过去某时间开始的一段时间延续到说话时间, 后接过去时间点，主句需使用现在完成时，并且动作是延续性的。如：
I have studied English since I was ten years old.
（6）in/ during the last/ the past + 时间段
表示在最近一段时间内，句中谓语动词常用现在完成时
I have been in Shanghai in the last/past few years.
（7）after
after +时间段，表示过去某时间往后推算一段时间，即用一般过去时，注意和in+时间段的区别。
即in+一段时间表将来，after+一段时间表过去。如：
例：He left on July 2 and returned after three days.
“after＋时间点”用于将来时，表示“在……以后”。 例如：
例：He will come back after 5 o'clock.
after和later的区别
同样表示 “在…之后”，接时间的位置不同。时间放在after后，而放在later之前。如after two days= two days later 两天后（短文填空常考）
（8）by
by 表示到某一时间止，译为“…之前”，句中谓语动词多用完成时态和将来时态。
例：I will get there by 3 p.m. 我会在三点钟前到达那里。
By the end of last month the boy had got 4 “As”. 到上月底这个男孩已得了4个A.
注意：不用介词表示时间的词或词组
含this, that, last, next 的表示时间的名词词组,以及某些时间的副词或名词词组前不用介词,
如：this year , last summer, yesterday , the day after tomorrow 等。

【表示地点位置的介词】
（1）in
表示空间内部用介词in，到达某个大地方也用in，如城市，城镇等
例：I had to stay in the supermarket as it was raining hard. 因为下大雨，我只好呆在超市里.
After three hours’ drive, I finally arrived in Zhongshan.
（2）at
当事物被视作一点，不强调其空间，常用at，小地点也用at，如:车站(station)、村庄(village)等
例：We’ll meet at the supermarket. 我们在超市见面。
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（3）in front of, in the front of
in front of 在……的前面(物体外面的前面)。
in the front of 在……的前部(物体里面的前面)
练习：1. There is a tree _____________ the classroom.
2．The driver is sitting ____________ the bus.
（4）in, on, to 表示位置
in 表示在范围之内(属于该范围)；on 表示与某一地区接壤； to 表示隔海相望。
例：Guangdong is in the south of China. (广东属于中国)
Guangdong is on the south of Hunan. (广东不属于湖南，但与湖南是毗邻关系)
Japan is to the east of China. (日本不属于中国，而且隔海相望)
练习：1. Zhejiang is ________the east of China. 2. Beijing is ________the north of China.
3. Haikou is ________ the south of Zhanjiang. 4. Guangxi is ________ the west of Guangdong.
（5）above, over, on 在……上面
above 在……上方(与物体表面不接触)
over 在……正上方(与物体表面不接触)
on 在……上面(与物体表面接触)

练习：1. There is a bridge ________ the river.
2．There is a picture ________ the wall.
3．The plane is flying ________ the cloud.
（6）among, between 在……之间
among 在(三者或三者以上)之间； between 在(两者)之间。常用词组： between…and…

练习：1．The man who is standing ___________ the three students is Lily's father.
2．The pay phone is ___________ the hospital and the library.

【其他介词】
( 1 ) through, across, cross 穿过
through 介词，纵穿(从空间穿过)。 例：The soldiers went through the forest.
across 介词，横穿(横过某个平面)。 例：Let’s walk across the street.
cross 动词，横穿(横过某个平面)。cross=go across 穿过
例：He is walking across the street.＝He is crossing the street.
练习：1. Walk ________ the park, you can see a tall building on the right.
2．Be careful when you go ________ the road.
3．The poor old man was hit by a car when he was ________ the road.
( 2 ) to，past，pass表时间的区别
to 介词，大于30分钟时， 表示“差”。 ten to seven 6：50
past介词，小于和等于30分钟时， 表示“过”。 ten past six 6：10
pass 动词，表示“经过，过去”。 Time passes quickly.
( 3 ) except , besides
except “除去”，表示不包括后面所提到的人或物在内的。
besides “包括…在内”，表示包括后面所提到的人或物在内的。
例： All the students went to the park except Jim. (Jim没有去公园。)
Lucy went to the cinema besides Lily. (Lily也去电影院了。)
练习：1. We have to wear uniforms every day ________ weekends.
2. Do you know any other novel ________ Lu Ding Ji?
（4）表示方式的介词有in, with, by, on等。
① in主要表示“使用某种语言，用某种方式、方法、材料”；
“in＋服装/颜色”还表示“穿着……衣服/颜色的衣服”。如：
in this way用这种方法；in different ways 用不同的方式
例如：We talk in English. 我们用英语交谈。
The girl in red is Kate. 穿红色衣服的那个女孩是凯特。
② with常用来表示借助某一具体的工具做某事，后面要接冠词或物主代词。如：
We see with our eyes and hear with our ears. 我们用眼看，用耳听。
Tom is drawing with a pen. 汤姆正在用钢笔画画。
With the money, Edison bought things for his lab. 爱迪生用这笔钱为他的实验室购置了物品。
③ by通常表示借助某种交通工具、通讯工具，或用某种手段或方式达到某一目的。如：
by bus/bike/train/plane (air)/ship (sea) 乘公共汽车/骑自行车/坐火车/乘飞机/乘轮船
by phone通过电话
The old man has to make money by mending bikes. 这位老人不得不靠修自行车赚钱。
④ on/in也可以与某一种交通工具连用，意为“乘……”，但这些交通工具前必须有冠词或物主代词。如：
on还可以和电器类连用，表示用…，如on the phone/ radio/ on TV等
Liu Tao goes to school on his bike. 刘涛骑自行车上学。
注意区别：
单词
用法
例句
by
与交通工具连用时，交通工具前不用任何限定词。
Mr. White goes to work by car
every day.
in和
on
与交通工具连用时，交通工具前用限定词。
1. bus，train，boat，plane，ship等有厢，有舱的名词前，用介词in或on。
2. bike或motorbike前，只能用介词on。
3. car，taxi前，多用介词in。
We go to Gulangyu on /in a ship．
I sometimes go to school in my
father’s car.
I often go to school on my bike.
（5）和way连接的介词
in the way 挡道的，妨碍人的； on one's way to 在去……的路上；
by the way 顺便说一下； in this way 在这个方面
【其他介词与辨析】
at least 至少，最少
go in for 参加，喜欢
be made of / from 由....制成
at once 立刻，马上
in surprise 吃惊，惊讶
out of order 运转不正常，出毛病
knock at敲
on foot 走路，步行
out of work 失业
laugh at 嘲笑
on time 准时
from then on 从那时起
be interested in 对…感兴趣
agree with sb同意某人的看法
fill….with 用...填充
in a hurry 匆忙，很快地
pay attention to 关注
look forward to 盼望
随堂练习
【考点对练】
Ⅰ．根据语境及句意，填入适当的介词——对点：常用介词用法。
1. We’re leaving ____at____ noon and will be back ___in ____ ten days.
2． _____In___ a cold day I bought a book on computer games.
3. He is going to visit his first teacher ___for_____ his stay in Beijing.
4. The girl _____from___ Beijing is looking _____at___ the window.
5. Lucy has lived in China ___since_____ 2010 and has studied Chinese _for_______ two years.
Ⅱ．根据语境及句意，填入适当的介词——对点：重点介词辨析。
1. I've learnt a lot ___about ____ health and I wrote a book ___about_____ it.
2. Morn looked everywhere __except______ the kitchen.
3. She. has two other houses _____besides___ this one in Shanghai.
4. There are some trees _in_______ our classroom.
5. Her mother works ___as_____ a doctor in the hospital and she looks __after______ a girl.
Ⅲ．根据语境及句意，填入适当的介词——对点：介词的固定搭配。
1. My father is busy _with_______ his business every day.
2. Here is the key _____to___ the front door of the classroom.
3. We should make contributions __to______ protecting the environment.
4. The twins usually get on well _____with___ each other.
5. Everyone knows that reading is good ____for____ a student.
Ⅳ．根据所给提示完成句子——对点：短语介词用法。
1. The school sports meeting was put off ___because_____ (因为)the strong wind.
2. We will have the meeting on the playground _____instead of___ (代替)in the classroom.
3. You may succeed ___with the help of _____ (借助于)hard work.
4. Please sit ___close to ___ (靠近)me if you want to listen more carefully.
5. There is a small river ___in front of _____ (在……前面)our school.
Ⅴ．改正下列语句中的错误——对点：介词易错点。
1. Under her help, I made great progress. with
2. I think there’s something wrong on Mr. Wu. with
3. Never play at fire in the room. with
4. She isn't good for playing the guitar. at
5. It's important for her to take part with the party. to
【能力提高】
Ⅰ．从括号内选择适当的介词或介词短语填入句中空格处。
in, with, through, into, for, over, without, on, by, to, of
1. No hurry. The bus will arrive ___in___ ten minutes.
2. We’ve been doing much better in English __with______ the help of our teachers.
3. The young men walked __through______ the forest and came to a big river at last.
4. Here are some flowers ____for____ you with our best wishes.
5. Lin Lin often practices English ___by_____ chatting with her American friend.
6. His new novel has been put ____into____ English.
7. Taiwan is a beautiful island and it’s ____in____ the east of Fuiian.
8. There isn’t a bridge over the river. We’ve to go there _____by___ boat.
9. Please call hot line _____at___ 12345 for help if you’ve any problem.
10. I don’t think one can keep healthy __without___ enough exercise.
Ⅱ．单项填空。
1. She Was at home alone. She had to do it all ________ herself.
A. for B. by C. from D. to
2． ________ most students, she likes listening to pop music.
A. Like B. As C. For D. To
3. You mustn’t write a letter ________ pencil but ________ a pen.
A. with；with B. in；in C. in；with D. with；in
4． ________ beautiful beaches, there are many other interesting things there.
A. But B. Besides C. Except D. Except for
5. —When should I return the books?
—________ July 30.
A. In B. Within C. During D. By
6. —How long have you had a cold?
—________ last weekend.
A. On B. After C. From D. Since
7. Dad will be back from New York ________ two weeks.
A. for B. in C. after D. since
8. The twins were born ________ a sunny morning.
A. in B. at C. on D. of
9. She bought some presents ________ the money she had saved.
A. with B. in C. by D. for
10. —Do you know anything about Li Yugang?
—Yes, he is famous ________ a singer who sings Beijing Opera ________ a man.
A. as；as B. for as C. to；for D. as；to
Key: BBACC DCCAA
Ⅲ．阅读短文，根据语境，给下列短文加上合适的介词。
It’s hard for the three naughty(顽皮的)girls of S. H. E to keep quiet! They like to
make fun(1) ________ each other. They are full(2) ________ ideas to surprise you!
The lovely Taiwanese girls are Selina, Hebe and Ella.
On October 30, they are holding a concert in Shanghai. It’s their fifth time on the
Chinese mainland. They’ll bring songs(3) ________ “Super Star” with them.
These young girls are excited(4) ________ singing.
Ella, as the oldest, is the head of the group. She dreamed of swimming to the stage
(舞台)!
“We’d like Selina to get dressed like a mermaid(美人鱼)! She is good(5) ________
swimming. I could be a fisherman，”said Ella. Hebe is the youngest, but she often comes
up(6) ________ new ideas.
“I wish to say ‘hello’(7) ________ fans on three elephants! That is so cool，”she said.
In the concert, you may see them singing on models of dolphins!
None of the three girls thought(8) ________ being super stars. They met as high school
girls in a singing show in Taiwan in 2000.
“We didn’t talk at all in the beginning．”said Ella.
When the singing group started, they were put in the same room(9) ________ three
months.
They did almost everything together—training, eating and sleeping! Now they are
close friends.
“We three are just like one person．(10) ________ one, we can’t do anything!”
said S. H. E.
1. __with______ 2. ___of_____ 3. ____as____ 4. ____about____ 5. _____at ___
6. _____with___ 7. __to______ 8. ____before____ 9. _for _______ 10. ___without_____
课后拓展
【检测评价】
单项填空。
Ⅰ. 中档题——步步为营
1. —Is your father home?
—No, he’s working late ________ the office．
A. on B. at C. of D. to
2. The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded ________．
A. in the past B. in the end C. at first D. at once
3. The two kids practice spoken English ________ joining the English club．
A. by B. in C. on D. with
4. —I think drinking milk every morning is good ________ our health.
—Yes—agree ________ you．
A. to；to B. with；to C. at；with D. for；with
5. —Why are you standing, Alice?
—I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ________ me.
A. behind B. next to C. between D. in front of
6. My friend, Henry was born ________ June 10，1997．
A. in B. on C. at D. for
7. Linda has bought a large house ________ a swimming pool．
A. with B. in C. on D. from
8. Linda is not good at Chinese, but she passed the exam ________ the help of her classmates.
A. with B. under C. without
9. Books are made ________ paper while paper is mainly made ________ wood.
A. of；of B. from；from C. of；from D. from；of
10. Don’t try to do everything at once. Take it a bit ________
A. at times B. at that time C. at all times D. at a time
11. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile ________ her face．
A. on B. to C. in D. a
12. Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, was born ________ November，
1867, in the city of Warsaw in Poland．
A. at B. on C. in D. to
13. —I joined the League ________ May，2008. What about you?
—I've been a League member ________ three years．
A. in；for B. on；in C. on；for D. in；since
14. Remember to spend some time ________ your loved ones, because they’re not going to
be around forever．
A. from B. with C. in D. on
15. This kind of dress is ________ this year, and I really want to get one．
A. in danger B. in trouble C. in style D. in need
16. Shen Xue and Zhao Hongbo won the gold medal for China so we’re proud ________ them．
A. in B. on C. of D. for
17. Liu Xiang came third ________ the 110-meter-hurdle race last month in Shanghai.
A. in B. from C. across D. through
18. The plane will take off ________ three hours. I must get to the airport right now.
A. ill B. for C. on D. at
19． ________ a terrible rainy night, many farmers’ houses were destroyed．
A. In B. For C. On D. At
20. People ________ the southwest of China were in great need of water a couple of
months ago．
A. in B. at C. to D. on
Key: BBADD BAACD ACADC CCADA
Ⅱ. 挑战题——追求卓越
1. —It’s a top secret.
—Yes, I see—will keep the secret ________ you and me．
A. with B. among C. between
2. David suddenly felt nervous． ________, it was his first time to go on stage.
A. At least B. After all C. At once D. At all
3. —It’s very important ________ us to make a plan before a new term?
—Yes. You must try to make it carefully．
A. of B. for C. to
4. —We’ll have a hiking trip。but when shall we meet?
—Let make it ________ half past eight ________ the morning of June 21.
A. at；in B．／；on C．／；in
5. The little elephant is afraid to go alone. He always walks ________ his mother.
A. beside B. behind C. below D. under
6. —Frank, when will the short meeting begin?
—You should come ________ 2:30. If you come 10 minutes ________ that time, the
meeting will be over．
A. at；before B. at；after C. after；before
7. Mr. Black is strongly ________ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals
should also have the right to enjoy freedom．
A. up B. for C. against D. down
8. While I Was standing ________ the window, I saw several boys running ________ the
street．
A. at；along B. on；at C. in；on D. to；in
9. —We’re all here ________ Lily. Where’s she?
—She’s gone to the library．
A. beside B. besides C. except D. of
10. The Gulf of Mexico(墨西哥湾)is being polluted seriously. That has affected ________
several hundred kinds of sea animals there．
A. at least B. at once C. at birth D. at times
Key: CBCAB BCACA