2021年寒假牛津深圳版八年级上册 Unit1-Unit4复习&名词 教案+练习（无答案）

英语学科个性化教学辅导教案

学生
年级
八年级
上课地点
第 次授课
授课时间
年 月 日 星期
学科老师

教学规划师

教学课题
8A U1-U4复习&名词
教学目标
教学重、难点
教学内容
8A U1-4词汇复习
Unit 1重点单词
1.perhaps=maybe=probably adv.可能；大概
2.inventor n.发明家 (invent v.发明 invention n.发明物)
3.musician n.音乐家 (music n.音乐 musical adj.音乐的)
4.scientist n.科学家 (science n.科学 scientific adj.有系统的；科学的)
5.intelligence n.才智；智慧 ( intelligent adj.有智慧的)
6.ability n.能力；才能 ( 复数abilities )
7.include=have...in /inside=contain v.包括；包含( including prep.包含；包括)
8.however=but adv.然而(whatever 无论何事 whenever 不管何时 whoever 无论谁 wherever不管在哪里 )
9.suddenly=all of a sudden adv.突然；忽然；出乎意料地
10.disappear =die out v.消失；灭绝
Unit 1重点短语
1. in the countryside = in the land outside the cities 在乡下
2. from an early age = when he was very young 很小的时候
3. something important 一些重要的东西
4. be famous for = be well-known for 因为.......而出名
be famous as = be well-known as 作为......而出名
5. make sb do sth = let sb do sth =have sb do sth 使某人做某事
6. be important to sb 对某人重要
7. go for a walk = take for a walk 去散步 遛狗： walk the dog
8. all kinds of = all types of 各种各样的
9. a number of = many 许多
10. consist of = be made up of 由.......组成
Unit 2重点单词
1.number n.数字 a number of许多；大量, 修饰 可数名词的复数 ， an amount of 可以修饰 不可数名词
2.check=go over v.检查
3.promise v.&n.许诺；承诺 (答应某人、许诺某人某物：promise sb. sth. , 承诺做某事： promise to do sth., 许下承诺：make a promise , 打破承诺：break a promise )
4.rest n.剩余部分 n.&v.休息 = rest 休息一下： have a rest= have a break
5.gold n.金子 ( golden adj.金色的 )
6.instead=in place of adv.代替；顶替 ( instead of 代替；而不是，用在句中 )
7.accident n.（交通）事故 ( by accident 意外地；偶然 )
8.wise=clever=smart=intelligent adj.聪明的
9.nearly=almost adv.几乎
10.realize=understand=be aware of v.意识到
Unit 2重点短语
1. use sth. to do = do ... with... 用...做...
2. write down = copy down 写下
3. a long time ago = long long ago = many years ago 很早以前
4. at last = finally = in the end 最后
5. win the game 赢得比赛 赢得第一名： win the first prize= get the first place
win against sb = defeat sb = beat sb 赢了某人；打败某人(不能说win sb )
6. the rest of 剩下的
7. nothing but = only 只有
8. not... any more = no more 不再
9. order sb to do sth = make sb do sth = let sb do sth = have sb do sth 命令某人做某事
10. follow one’s advice = take one’s advice 听从某人的建议
Unit 3重点单词
1.compare: examine and note the similarities or differences of v.比较
拿A B相比较： compare A with B 把A比作B： compare A to B
2.type: write by using a computer with a keyboard v.打字 ( typist n.打字员 typer n.打字机)
3.control=operate v.控制 失控了： out of control
4.expensive=dear adj.昂贵的= dear
5.tiny=very small adj.极小的
6.depend: need a support v.依靠 依靠某人： depend on sb.
7.calculate=to find out=how much something will cost v.计算
(calculator n.计算机 calculation n.算术题)
8.operate=control v. 操作 (operation n.手术) 给某人做手术： operate on sb
9.total=the final number n. 总额 (总量： grand total )
10.popular: liked by a lot of people adj.受喜爱的 受...喜爱的: be popular with sb.
Unit 3重点短语
1. each other = one another 互相
2. since then = from then on 自那以来
3. work as = be 从事......的工作
4. be unaware of = don’t know/realize 未察觉
5. depend on 取决于；依靠= rely on
6. in addition = besides 除......之外
7. look forward to doing sth = expect to do sth 期待做某事
8. expect sb to do sth 期待某人做某事
9. be short of money = lack of money 缺钱
10. stop sb from doing sth = keep sb from doing sth =prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
Unit 4重点单词
1.advertisement: a public promotion of some products or service n.广告 [ advertise v.广告；ad（缩写） ]
2.funny=interesting and amusing adj.滑稽的；有趣的 [fun n.&adj.有趣（的） ]
3.invent=create/make for the first time v.发明 ( inventor n.发明家 invention n.发明 )
4.create=make/invent v.创作 ( creation n.创作物；作品 creator n.创作者 creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的)
5.comfortable=pleasant adj.舒适的 (comfortably adv.舒适地) 安慰v. comfort
6.practical=useful adj.有用的 (practice n./v.练习) 练习做某事： practice doing sth
7.develop: make something better or more complete v.开发；研制
[ development n.发展；开发 developed adj.发达的（国家或地区） developing adj.发展中的 ]
8.dust=dirt n.灰尘；尘土 ( dusty adj.积满灰尘的 )
9.special=particular=unusually adj.特殊的；特别的 ( specially adv.特别地 )
10.introduction: the act of making something start to be used or exist for the first time n.介绍；引言 ( introduce v.介绍 )
Unit 4重点短语
1. keep in touch with = stay in touch with sb. / communicate with sb. 与......保持联系
2. keep... off = stay...off 使不接近/不接触
3. make fun of sb = laugh at /make jokes about sb 取笑某人；拿某人开玩笑
4. at the same time = in the meantime 同时
5. instead of = in place of 代替；而不是
6. allow sb to do sth = let sb do sth 允许某人做某事
7. help sb (to) do sth = help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
8. right now = right away/at once 立刻；马上
9. lead to = result in 导致
10. across the world = all over the world 遍及全世界

随堂练习：
词形转换（一）
1. He made many small mistakes but he was___________(aware) of them.
2. Computers may be better than doctors at_________(do) their job.
3. The Olympic Games can bring a good chance for the people all over the world to come to China.
So they look forward to_________(have) a better understanding of China.
4. The song is even_________________(popular).
5. The short one is__________________(expensive) of the five.
6. The man always does things according to his boss’s___________(instruct).
7. Our classroom is on the_________(five) floor.
8. Simon always________(rest) his head on his hand.
9. The fee_________(include) many different kinds of food---cakes, fruit, coffee and so on.
10. It will be nice to be________(ability) to afford to buy a big house in big cities.
1 unaware 2 doing 3 having 4 more popular 5 the most expensive
6 instructions 7 fifth 8 rests 9 includes 10 able
词形转换（二）
1. She will be much_________(happy) in her new house.
2. The Yellow River is the second__________(long) river in China.
3. I________(copy) out her notes into my notebook after class.
4. You can find the_________(correctly) answers at the bottom of page 8.
5. Da Vince is one of the most famous___________(artistic).
6. When she heard the news, she___________(sudden) laughed.
7. Yuan Longping is a great__________(science) and he works hard all the year.
8. My little brother wants to be a_________(music) like Beethoven in the future.
9. Edison is one of the great____________(invent) in the world.
10. We finally_______(win) the first prize after two months.
1 happier 2 longest 3 copied 4 correct5 artists 6 suddenly 7 scientist 8 musician 9 inventors 10 won
名词
名词的数
知识精讲
一、名词数的分类
普通名词有数的变化，从名词所表示的事物的性质看，可以分为两类：可数名词，如：car汽车，army军队等；不可数名词，如：milk牛奶，water水，love爱等。
分类
定义
举例
可数名词
个体名词
某类人或事物中个体的名词
bird鸟，car汽车
集体名词
若干个个体组成的集合体的名词
army军队，police警察
不可数名词
物质名称
无法分为个体的物质或实物的名词
air空气，water水
抽象名词
动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念
work工作，peace和平
?
二、可数名词
可以以数目来计算，能够分成个体的名词就是可数名词。可数名词又可分词单数和复数。
1.?单数名词的用法要点：
用法
举例
首字母的发音为辅音时，使用不定冠词a
a dog, a uniform
首字母的发音为元音时，使用不定冠词an
an apple, an hour
????注意：单数名词前加a或是an，不是取决于该名词的首字母，而是取决于首字母的发音。
???
2.?复数名词：可数名词由单数变为复数分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。
??? 1).?规则变化
词尾情况
构成方法
例词
读音
一般情况
在词尾加-s
book-books
清辅音后发/s/
tree-trees
浊辅音后发/z/
以-s, ?-x, -ch,- sh结尾??
在词尾加-es
glass- glasses; box-boxes
/ iz/; / is/
以复音字母加y结尾
改y为i加-es
city-cities
/iz/
以元音字母加y结尾
在词尾加-s
toy-toys
/z/
以f或fe结尾
?
改f或fe为v加-es
wife- wives
/vz/
直接加-s
roof-roofs; belief- beliefs;
proof-proofs; chief-chiefs;
handkerchief-handkerchiefs
?
字母加o结尾
在词尾加-s
photo-photos; radio-radios
/z/
在词尾加-es
hero-heroes; tomato-tomatoes;
potato-potatoes; negro-negroes
/z/
??? 2).?不规则变化
变化
例词
单复数同形
deer, sheep, fish, Chinese, Japanese
改中间元音
goose – geese, tooth – teeth, foot – feet, man – ?men, woman – women
改变词尾
ox – oxen, child – ?children, mouse - mice
?
三、不可数名词
????不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的名词就是不可数名词。
??? 1.?高频不可数名词
类别
例词
液体类
beer?啤酒；?coffee?咖啡；juice ?饮料；oil ?油；tea ?茶；water ?水；wine ?葡萄酒
食物类
bread?面包；cream ?奶油；cheese ?奶酪；butter ?黄油；
steak?牛排；jam ?果酱；food ?食物
物质类
dust?尘土；?gold?黄金；silver银；ice冰；money ?金钱；
baggage?行李；cloth?布；??furniture?家具；hair?头发；paper ?纸；
sand?沙；soap?肥皂；wood木头；chalk ?粉笔；glass ?玻璃
抽象类
advice?忠告；age?年龄；beauty美丽；camping ?露营；courage勇气；
damage?损害；death?死亡；equipment ?装备；experience ?经验；fear ?担心；
fun乐趣；help?帮助；horror ?恐惧；hope ?希望；information消息/信息；??
knowledge?知识；pity?同情；progress ?进步；shopping ?购物；weather ?天气；
wind?风；work?工作
????注意：work意为“工作”不可数，意为“作品”可数；experience意为“经验”不可数，意为“经历”可数。
?
??? 2.?不可数名词的计量方法
??????? 1).?以“容器”计量，常用于装在容器里的物质：
数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词，如：
?????????? a cup of coffee --- two cups of coffee
a bottle of ink---three bottles of ink
a bag of rice ---two bags of rice
a tube of tooth-paste --- ten tubes of tooth-paste
??????? 2.)?用“piece/ item”计量,常用于与媒介物,宣传工具等有关的内容，如：
a piece/ an item of news --- two pieces/items of news
a piece/ an item of advice --- three pieces/items of advice
a piece/ an item of information --- five pieces/items of information
a piece of work --- two pieces of work
???
四、名词量的表达
1.?表示“大量、许多”
修饰可数名词
修饰不可数名词
修饰可数或不可数
many, scores of, a large number of,
dozens of
much, a large amount of,
a great deal of, a large sum of
some, a lot of,
lots of, plenty of
例句：
??? 1).?修饰可数名词：
There are?many?students in this room.
There are?a great many books in the library.
There are?a large/ great/ good number of?students here.
I’ve been there?dozens of times.
??? 2).?修饰不可数名词：
We haven’t?much?money left.
He has spent?a large amount of money on his new house.
He has given me?a great deal of?help.
??????? 3).?修饰可数或不可数名词：
There?are?a lot of/ lots of?people?in that room.
There?is?a lot of/ lots of?rice?in the bag.??
There?are?plenty of eggs?in the fridge.
Don’t worry about it. We have?plenty of?time.
?
2.?表达“少量”
修饰可数名词
修饰不可数名词
含义
few
little
否定含义，几乎没有
a ?few
a ?little
肯定含义，有一点儿
例句：
He has?a few?friends.他有几个朋友。
He has?few?friends.他几乎没有朋友。
There is?a little?time left.还剩一点儿时间。
There is?little?time left .几乎没有时间了。
三点剖析
一、考点：?可数名词和不可数名词的区分；可数名词单复数的运用。
?
二、重难点：可数名词变复数中不规则的变化，不可数名词量的表示。其中，“某国人”复数要注意，可以按照以下顺口溜来记：中日人民一致的，英法联军a改e，其他国人加s,?重点提防德国人。
Chinese-Chinese, ??????????????? Japanese- Japanese, ??????????????????? Englishman-Englishmen,
Frenchman-Frenchmen, ?????? American-Americans, ??????????????? German- Germans
?
易错点：个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词；由于汉语和英语的差异，很多学生单纯靠城市来区分英语中的可数名词和不可数名词，结果会出现许多错误，因此，学习名词时，一定要根据英语的习惯对可数名词和不可数名词进行大量的积累和掌握。
题模精讲
题模一 可数名词的规则变化和不规则变化
例1.1、
写出下列名词的复数形式。
season _________????????? glass_________????????????? baby __________________
video __________ ????????????????????????? knife _________????????????? policeman ______________
Seasons, glasses, babies, videos, knives, policemen
例1.2、
根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空。
We have three _________ for dinner. One is small, the other two are big. (potato)
Potatoes
例1.3、
There are some ____D__ on the table.
A、
rice
B、
beef
C、
delicious
D、
eggs
题模二 不可数名词及名词量的表达
例2.1、
将下列名词按要求分类。
school??? water
可数名词：_________????????? 不可数名词：_________
例2.2、
How many __D____ have you got?
A、
bottle of water
B、
bottle of waters
C、
bottles of waters
D、
bottles of water
名词所有格
知识精讲
一、名词所有格的概念
名词的所有格主要是用来表示名词与名词之间的一种所属关系的，它的中文意思为“……的”。名词的所有格有两种形式：’s所有格和of所有格。
二、’s所有格
‘s所有格一般用于有生命的名词后。以下表格为用法及例子：
用法
举例
一般情况下在名词词尾加’s
Dick’s car?迪克的汽车
以-s或-es结尾的复数名词在名词词尾加’
students’ books学生们的书
用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有
关系，只在最后的一个名词后加’s；但在各
自拥有时两个名词都在词尾加’s表示所有
This is Mary and her ?sister’s bedroom.
这是玛丽和她姐姐的。
There ?are Tom’s and Mary’s bags.?
这些是Tom和Mary的包。
表示时间，距离，价格
Have ?you read today’s newspaper?
你看今天的报纸了吗？
We ?are going to have a six weeks’ summer
vacation. ?
我们将有一个为期六周的暑假。
It’s ?only half an hour’s drive from here to the
nearest ?hospital.
从这里最近的医院开车仅有半个小时的路程。
I ?bought 50 dollars’ worth of books.?
我买了价值50?美元的书。
表示节日
Children’s Day?儿童节??April Fool’s Day?愚人节
Mother’s Day母亲节?? ?Teachers’ Day?教师节
New Year’s Day?新年?? ?All Saints’ Day?万圣节
表示店铺，医院，学校，住宅及公共建筑时
at ?the bookseller’s?在书店
at ?the doctor’s?在医院
由some-, any-, every-?与-one/-body结合起
来的复合名词，如someone, ?everybody?等和
else连用时，’s ?应加在else后
somebody else’s ?pencil?某人的铅笔
?
三、of所有格
“of+名词”一般用来表示无生命的物体间的所属关系，如：
the color of the window窗户的颜色????????????????? the brake of the bicycle自行车闸
the frame of the photo相框?????????????????????????????? the title of the article文章标题
注意：在许多情况下，表示人、动物、集体、时间、机构、组织等的名词都可以用of所有格代替’s所有格。例如：
the sunshine of autumn = autumn’s sunshine
the debate of Sunday = Sunday’s debate
the government’s decision = the decision of the government
但是，在表示类别时’s所有格一般不能用of所有格代替。例如：
men’s suits?不能改为the suits of men
a doctor’s degree不能改为the degree of a doctor
?
四、双重所有格
“of+名词所有格”或“of+名词性物主代词”通常用来表示整体中的一个或部分，如：
a friend of Mike’s = one of Mike’s friends麦克的一个朋友
a classmate of Mine = one of my classmates我的一个同学
三点剖析
一、重难点：
1.?表示几个人共有一个物体，在最后一个名词词尾加-’s，如：
Tony and Tommy’s room is not very big.
托尼和吉姆的房间不是很大。（表示共有）
2.?表示几个人各自所有，在每个名词词尾都加-’s，如：
Jane ‘s and Lily’s mothers are both teachers.
简的妈妈和莉莉的妈妈都是老师。（表示各自所有）
?
二、易错点：
“of+’s所有格”和“of+名词”所表达的意义不同，如：
This is a photo of Jane’s.
这是简的一张照片。（指照片归简所有，但照片里是什么不清楚，可能是简，也可能不是）
This is a photo of Jane.
这是一张简本人的照片。（指照片上是简本人）
题模精讲
题模一 's所有格
C
This is _________ room, and it is beautiful and lovely.
A、
Betty and Sara
B、
Betty’s and Sara’s
C、
Betty and Sara’s
D、
Betty’s and Sara
例1.2、 B
—Whose umbrellas are these?
—They are those _______.
A、
men
B、
men’s
C、
man’s
D、
mens’
题模二 of所有格
例2.1、
完成句子
What’s the girl’s name?（同义句）
What’s the ____________________ the girl﹖ name of
例2.2、 C
This is a photo__________ my family.
A. for B. in C. of D. at
题模三 双重所有格
例3.1、 B
Teddy?is?_________.
A、
a?student?of?my?sister
B、
a?student?of?my?sister’s
C、
my?sister’s?students
D、
student of sister
例3.2、
完成句子
他是我父亲的一位朋友。
He is ________________________________. a friend of my father’s
随堂练习
随练1.1、
写出下列名词的复数形式。
animal _________?????????????????? box _________??????????????? story ________________
photo __________ ??????????????? leaf _________??????????????? woman ______________
Animals, boxes, stories, photos, leaves, women
随练1.2、
根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. There are about twenty _________ in the zoo. (monkey)
2. How many _________ are there in your school? (class)
3. Mr. White has two _________, a son and a daughter. (child)
4. The students came from different _________. (country)
1 monkeys 2 classes 3 children 4 countries
随练1.3、
将下列名词按要求分类。
page? ? music?? holiday??? money??? weather? ??? government
可数名词：________________________________________________________
不可数名词：______________________________________________________
随练1.4、 D
These are my _______, and that is my _________.
A、
pen, pencil
B、
pens, pencils
C、
pen, pencils?????
D、
pens, pencil
随练1.5、 D
—At what age do ______ start school in your country?
—They usually go to school at the age of seven.
A、
boys
B、
girls
C、
parents
D、
children
随练1.6、 C
---Excuse me, is the museum far from here?
---No, it’s about _________.
A、
5 minutes walk
B、
5 minute walk
C、
5 minutes’ walk
D、
5 minute’s walk
随练1.7、
完成句子
1. This is________________________________________ (李雷的家庭). Lilei’s family
2. Is that________________________________________ (比尔家的一幅照片)? a photo of Bill’s family?
3. What’s________________________________________ (汤姆妹妹的名字)?Tom’s sister’s name
4. This is________________________________________ (莉莉和露茜的) room. Lily and Lucy’s
5. They are________________________________________ (格林夫人的儿子).Mrs. Green’s son
6. It’s my________________________________________ (mother) bag. mother’s
7. Are these the________________________________________ (twin) books? twins’
8. March 8 (三月八日) is_____________________________ (woman) Day. Women’s
9. 这是Sally的毛衣。________________________________________ This is Sally’s sweater.
10. __________________________ (李明的父母) work in a big hospital. Liming’s parents
随练1.8、 C
Where are the ________ backpacks?
A、
sister
B、
sister’s
C、
sisters’
D、
sisters’s
随练1.9、 B
—Whose pencil is this?
—I think it’s_________.
A、
of Lucy
B、
Lucy’s
C、
Lucy
D、
Of Lucy’s
随练2.0、 B
In _____ office, there is a television.
A、
teacher
B、
teachers’
C、
teacher’s
D、
teachers’s
随练2.1、D
This is?????????bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.
A、
Anne and Jane
B、
Anne’s and Jane’s
C、
Anne’s and Jane
D、
Anne and Jane’s
课后拓展
作业1、
写出下列名词的复数形式。
film ____________????????????????????????? match _________?????????? society ______________
capital __________ ???????? ?????? brush __________????????? university ____________
piano ___________???????????????????????? shelf __________??????????? child ________________
tomato __________ ???????? ??? wife __________??????????? foot _________________
Films, matches, societies, capitals, brushes, universities, pianos, shelves, children, tomatoes, wives, feet
作业2、
根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. Flowers never laugh at green _________ though they are more beautiful. (leaf)
2. Beijing is one of the biggest _________ in the world. (city)
3. There are few _________ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages. (vegetable)
4. Come on, Marry! You’ve spent one and a half _________ in such a small shop. (hour)
5. Two _________ (Australian), three _________ (Frenchman) and five _________ (Japanese) will come to visit our school.
1 leaves 2 cities 3 vegetables 4 hours 5 Australians, Frenchmen, Japanese
作业3、
将下列名词按要求分类。
kid??? company?? ?? sugar? ??? watch???? advice?? market
news?? bread?????? night????? fun????? luck??? pet
可数名词：________________________________________________________
不可数名词：______________________________________________________
作业4、选择
A
1.How much _________ is there in your wallet?
A、
money
B、
a money
C、
moneys
D、
money’s
2.B
I’m so hungry. Please give me _________.
A、
three breads
B、
three pieces of bread
C、
three pieces of breads
D、
three piece of bread
3.C
---What would you like to drink, girls?
---_________, please.
A、
Two cup of coffee
B、
Two cups of coffees
C、
Two cups of coffee
D、
Two cup of coffees
4.D
Mr. White gave us _________ on how to learn English well.
A、
an advice
B、
many advices
C、
some advices
D、
some advice
5.C
—How many ________are there in your school?
—Only one.
A、
library
B、
a library
C、
libraries
D、
any libraries
6 B
Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the _________.
A、
doctor
B、
doctor’s
C、
doctors’
D、
doctor’
7 A
Look at the book, it’s not mine, and it’s not yours, so it must be _________.
A、
somebody else’s
B、
somebody else’
C、
somebody’s else
D、
somebody’ else
8C
These are _________.
A、
newspaper of today
B、
today’s newspaper
C、
today’s newspapers
D、
today newspaper’s
9.A
This is _________.
A、
Mike and Jim’s bike
B、
Mike’s and Jim bike
C、
Mike’s and Jim’s bike
D、
Mike and Jim bike
D
He is _________.
A、
one student of my father
B、
one of my father’s student
C、
my father’s students
D、
one student of my father’s
11、A
Ken is also _________.
A、
one cousin of mine
B、
one cousin of my
C、
one cousin of me
D、
one cousin of I
12、D
Billy and I are good friends, I have _________. Look at this one, how sweet he is smiling!
A、
some pictures of Billy’
B、
some pictures of Billy’s
C、
some Billy’s pictures
D、
some pictures of Billy
13、B
—It’s __________birthday soon. He usually has a birthday party.
—I want to buy a book for him.
A、
Tony
B、
Tony’s
C、
Tony’
D、
Tony’s’
14、C
There are some flowers on ______ desk.
A. Mr. Li B. Mrs. Wang C. Miss Green’s D. She’s
15、A
—How long does it take you to the lake?
—It’s ____ drive.
A、
ten minutes’
B、
ten-minutes
C、
ten minutes
D、
minutes of ten