Unit 2 The United Kingdom-Reading

(共93张PPT)
The UK
Which country will hold the 30th Olympiad in 2012
What is the full name of the UK
UK —— The United Kingdom
of the Great Britain
and Northern Ireland
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国
Please do the quiz on page 9.
What do you know about the UK
Warming up
1. How many countries does the UK consist of A. two B. three C. four
2. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport A. about six hours B. about ten hours C. about sixteen hours
direct flight
be made up of
3. Who rules the country: the Prime Minister or the queen A. The Queen B. The Prime Minister
C. both
4. What are the provinces called in England
A. countries B. departments C. states
5. Which is the longest river in England A. The River Avon B. The River Thames C. The River Severn
England
When you mention England, what or who will you think of
Brainstorming:
English language
……
Manchester Union
Big Ben
Queen Victoria
Cambridge University
Princess Kate
Queen Elizabeth the Second
伊丽莎白二世女王
Beckham
贝克汉姆
rose of England
the Union Jack
英国国旗
Big Ben
大本钟
Oxford University
牛津大学
Cambridge University
剑桥大学
London Tower Bridge
伦敦塔桥
London Tower Bridge
The River Thames
泰晤士河
More information about the UK
Area 244,100 sq km
Population 60,600,000
Language English, Kymric, Gaelic
Religion Catholicism
Capital London
Answer the questions.
Can you name the capital cities of the countries of the UK
Can you name the capital cities of the
countries of the UK
England
Wales
Scotland
Northland Ireland
London
伦敦
London
伦敦
Belfast
贝尔法斯特
Belfast
贝尔法斯特
Edinburgh
爱丁堡
Edinburgh
爱丁堡
England can be divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are
New words and expressions
Unite vi. & vt. 联合；团结
Kingdom n. 王国
consist vi. 组成；在于；一致
consist of 有…组成
province n. 省；行政区
divide…into 把…分开
clarify vt. 澄清；阐明
accomplish vt. 完成；达到；实现
conflict n. 矛盾；冲突
unwilling adj. 不愿意；不乐意
break away (from) 挣脱（束缚）；脱离
union n. 联合；联盟； 结合；协会
credit n. 信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
to one’s credit 为…带来荣誉；值得赞扬；
在…名下
currency n. 货币；通货
institution n. 制度；机制；公共机构
convenience n. 便利；方便
rough adj. 粗糙的；粗暴的
roughly adv. 粗略的；粗糙的
nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的
attract vt. 吸引；引起注意
architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术
collection n. 收藏品；珍藏；收集
administration n. 管理；行政部门
port n. 港口
countryside n. 乡下；农村
enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；是人高兴的
leave out 省去；不考虑
The Queen’s position is ceremonial: opening Parliament, welcoming Heads from other countries, going on tours to other countries to encourage trade with Britain.
VS
The Prime Minister together with his most important ministers (called Cabinet) and his Members of Parliament make important political decision and the laws.
Thames
Severn
Avon
The River Thames and Severn are very similar in length but River Thames is slightly longer. The River Thames is 338 km and the River Severn is 290 km. The River Avon is much shorter.
1. Can you name the capital cities of the countries of the UK What do you know about any other cities or towns in the UK
2. England can be divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are
Pre-reading
3. Look at the title and pictures in the reading passage and predict what it is about. Then skim it to see if you were right.
Skim the text, and tick out what are mentioned in the text.
geography
history
the biggest country – England
invasions
cultures
food
languages
life styles
sports
London
flag
literature
Skimming
Para. Main idea
1
2
3
4
5, 6
Introduces the topic to the reader.
Explains what the term “great Brain” means and how it came about.
Explains the differences in the four countries.
Explains how England is divided into three zones.
Explains the importance of London as a cultural and political centre in the UK.
Get the main idea for each paragraph.
Comprehending
1. The Union Jack flag unites the flag of three countries in the United Kingdom. Which country is left out Why
The country left out is Wales. It is usually assumed to be part of England.
England
Union Jack
Ireland
Scotland
2. What three countries does British Airways represent 1 _______ 2 ________ 3 ______
3. Which group of invaders did not influence London
The Vikings didn’t influence London.
Wales
Scotland
England
Divide the passage into three parts and write down the main idea of each part.
What England includes;
about Great Britain; the UK.
Part1:
Para 1-3
England
Wales
Part 1
How UK was formed
In the 13th century AD
England
Wales is usually assumed (被认为是) to be part of England.
Wales
Scotland
in 17th Century
Get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom
Northern Ireland
Only Northern Ireland joined with Britain to become the United Kingdom
first only England
the 13th century AD, England + Wales.
1603, England + Wales + Scotland
Great Britain
Later, Great Britain + Northern Ireland
England
the United Kingdom
North
Midlands
South
Part 2-England
Look at the map of England and Wales in the following page. Divide it into three parts. Draw lines across to show the zones of the South, Midlands and North of England. Now put each town or city into its correct zone.
England is divided into 3 zones.
Most population settled in ___________________.
Most of the large industrial cities are in ______________________.
Many cities have famous ____________.
the South of England
the North and the Midlands
football teams
Why did capital London become the
cultural center of England
There are a lot of historical treasure in
London.
Why are there so many historical
treasures in London
London has been influenced by some
invaders.
Part 3-London
In the England history, there are several invasions. They are: ___________,
_______________, __________, ___________.
the Romans
the Anglo-Saxons
the Vikings
the Normans
What did they leave
Part 3-Invaders
Romans:
Anglo-Saxons:
towns and roads
Language and government
the Vikings:
the Normans:
Influence the vocabulary and place-names of the North
Castles and words for food
Fill in the blanks.
The full name of England is the ______ ________ of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It consists of four parts, they are __________, __________, _______ and ________________, people always think ______ is a part of England. The flag of the UK is called the ______ _____.
United
Kingdom
England
Scotland
Wales
Northern Ireland
Wales
Union
Jack
Post-reading
The four countries have different ___________ and ____ _______ as well as different _______ ______.
_______ is the largest of the four countries and it is _______ ___ three parts. Most of the people settled in the ______, but most of the large industrial cities in the _________ and the ______. The capital of the UK is ________, it has many great places of interest.
England
divided into
South
Midlands
North
London
educational
legal
systems
football
teams
1. Can you work out why London is the
capital of England, Great Britain and
the UK
2. What geographical factors make it
difficult to invade England successfully
What is the writing style What is the main idea of the text
1. Writing style
The text is written in narrative style, which introduces to the learners how the UK was formed geographically and historically, mainly dealing with England and the other three countries, which not only work together as a union in many aspects but also develop their own administrative systems.
It also introduces the four invaders who influenced the UK language, place-names, vocabulary and system of government.
2. Main idea
The text mainly explains to the learners how the four countries, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland formed the UK, and how they work together and how they are different.
It also introduces how England can be divided into three different zones geographically and how London was influenced by some of the four invaders culturally and historically and how the evidence of the invasions can be found around the countryside of Great Britain.
Explanation
How many countries does the UK consist of
大不列颠由多少个国家组成？　　　
consist vi. 在于, 存在于; 组成, 构成
【习惯搭配】
1) consist of 由…组成, 由…构成, 包括
(注意:不能用于被动语态和进行时态)
= be made up of
This club consists of more than 200
members.
Coal consists mostly of carbon.
2) consist in 基于, 在于, 存在…之中
The beauty of the city consists in its
magnificent buildings.
2. England can be divided into three main areas.
英国可以分成三大部分。
　 divide 意为“把一个整体分成若干个部
分” 常与 into, among, between
搭配
　 divide into 把……分成
　 divide sth. among sb.　 在……分配
divide A from B　 使分离; 使分开
divide… by…　 用……除以
划分;把整体分成若干部分, 破坏了宾语的完整性。　　　　
分隔; 把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来, 没有破坏宾语的完整性, 只是将宾语分开。
divide
separate
The world is divided into five continents.
Let’s divide the cake into three.
He separated the big eggs from the small ones.
The grinding machine (碾谷机) separates the grain from the husk(糠).
1. The apple was _______ into two.
2. We _______the money equally.
3. Oxygen can be ________ from water.
4. The Taiwan Strait ________ Taiwan from Fujian.
试一试
divided
divided
separated
separates
3. You can clarify this question if you study British history. 如果你学习了英国历史, 就能弄清楚这个问题了。
clarify vt. 澄清, 讲清楚, 阐明　
vi. 澄清, 清楚, 明了, 易懂事
Could you clarify the question？ 你能解释这个问题吗？
His mind suddenly clarified. 他的头脑突然清醒了。
拓展: clarification n. 澄清，阐明
It is time for the clarification of the situation.
澄清事实的时候到了。
They asked for a clarification of his position.
他们要求他表明立场。
See the examples below for clarification.
看下面的例子你就会明白。
4. However, the Southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.
unwilling adj. 不愿意的；不乐意的
unwilling 语气强烈，指有力的否定、拒绝。
He is unwilling to help me.
他不情愿帮助我。
break v. (broke, broken)
【习惯搭配】
break away 挣脱, 逃脱；脱离, 背叛
break down 抛锚, 出故障,身体跨了
break into 闯入, 突然发出
break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾) 爆发
break off 中断
break the rules 违反规则
break the records　 打破记录
用break 词组完成下列句子。
break out / break down / break up
/ break in / break off
1) When we were out, a thief ________ our house.
2) She ________ a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
broke in
broke off
3) Unluckily, our car ___________ on the high way.
4) The two companies decided to ________ the partnership.
5) A big earthquake _________ in Tangshan.
broke down
break up
broke out
5. To their credit the four countries do
work together in some areas (e.g.: the
currency and international relations),
but they still have very different
institutions.
值得赞扬的是, 这四个国家的确在一些
方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关
系方面；但是有些制度仍然区别很大。
1) credit 既是可数名词 ，又是不可数名
词, 其常见意思是“赊购（制度）；称
赞；学分。” 如：
No credit is given to this restaurant.
本店概不赊账。
This shop gives three months’ interest-free credit.
这家商店允许三个月的无息赊欠购物。
There was little credit given to those who had worked the hardest.
那些工作最努力的人几乎没有受到什么表扬。
He earned enough credits for his degree. 他为获得学位取得了足够的学分。
credit 也可以作动词，表示“信；把…….归功于”。如：
Do you credit what that politician said 你相信那个政客说的话吗？
to one’s credit 值得赞扬; 为某人增光如：
It is greatly to his credit that Arthur gave back the money he found.
亚瑟拾金不昧是非常值得赞扬的。
注意
2) work together是一个习惯用语,
不能按字面意思直译。work 在
此处被译为“反应, 起作用”
Tom and Bob work well together.
汤姆和鲍勃工作默契。
work hard together 齐心协力
由动词work构成的词组：
work well 做得好
work sth. in/into sth. 设法把...加进
work at something 从事
work out 算出
work one’s will on /upon somebody 将某人的意志强加给别人
6. England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.
在这四个国家中, 英格兰最大, 为了方便起见, 它大致被分为了三个地区。
　1) convenience n. 方便, 便利
I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 为了图方便, 我把参考书放在书桌前。
【习惯搭配】
at one’s convenience
在方便的时候
for (the sake of) convenience
为了方便起见
make a convenience of sb.
(乘机)利用某人 　　　　
【拓展】
convenient adj. 适合需要的, 方便的
a convenient place/ time
It is an inconvenient time to come.
I can’t see him now; it’s not convenient.
Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow
2) divide into 分开
The students in the class were divided
into four groups before they started the
game.
班里的学生被分为四组，开始做游戏。
How can you divide this line into 20
equal parts
你怎样把这线段分成20等份？
7. It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. 可惜这些在十九世纪建立起来的工业城市却对游客没有吸引力。
attract vt. 吸引；引起注意
What first attracted me to her was her sense of humour.
她首先吸引我的是她的幽默。
I had always been attracted by the idea of working abroad.
我总是向往去国外工作。
attraction n. 　
1) 吸引，引力;
2) 吸引人的东西; 喜闻乐见的东西; 精彩节目
attractive adj. 有吸引力，诱人的
attraction of gravity 重力
He can’t resist the attraction of the sea on hot day.　
酷热的夏天他经不住海的诱惑。
【短语】　
have influence with / on 对......有影响
under the influence of　在……影响下
8. influence vt. & n. 影响, 感化, 影响力
My teacher influenced my decision to study art.
The weather influences crops.
My teacher’s influence made me study science at college.
He is a man of influence in the city.
verb
noun
9. If you look around the British
countryside you will find evidence of
all these invaders.
如果你在英国四处走走的话, 就会发
现这些入侵者的痕迹。
invader n. 入侵者; 侵略者 invade vt. 侵入; 侵略; 拥入
Hitler invaded Poland in 1939.　　　　 希特勒1939年入侵波兰。
Doubts invade my mind.　　　　　　　满腹狐疑。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Disease invade the body.　　　　　　　疾病侵袭身体。
Holiday makers invade the seaside towns in summer.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　在夏季, 度假者大批涌入海滨城市。
I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Part of your answer has no _______ (relate) to the question.
2. For __________ (convenient), the two groups have been treated as one in this report.
relation
convenience
4. Watching football games is a great ________ (attract) for me.
5. The building will be under __________ (construct) next month.
6. There was a ________ (collect) of books on the desk.
7. Seeing that she’s ______ (legal) old enough to get married, I think you shouldn’t stop her.
attraction
construction
collection
legally
II. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。
那个小偷挣脱了警察逃跑了。
(break away from)
The thief broke away from the policeman and escaped.
2. 由于我父亲的影响，我上高中学了理科。(influence)
My father’s influence made me study science in senior high school.
3. 一个例子有助于阐明我的意思。(clarify)
他看着床被搬出屋去。
(过去分词作宾语补足语)
An example will help to clarify what I mean.
He watched the bed carried out of the door.
III.请给短语的适当形式填空。
He will come to Canada next month and of course, his wife will come ______.
Generally speaking, lung disease __________ smoking.
3. We shouldn’t always _______ the dictionary whenever we meet new words.
as well
is linked to
refer to
be linked to; as well; for convenience;
refer to; work together; break away from
4. Many farmers want to _______________ rural life and make a living in cities.
5. ______________, the Chinese translation is printed below.
6. This math problem is so difficult, so we’d better ____________ to solve it.
break away from
For convenience
work together
To Finish Exercise 1 & 2 on page 11. Find sentences with past particles in the text and get prepared for grammar study.
Homework