Period
Two Warming
Up
&
Reading—Language
points
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
1．alcohol
n．酒；酒精
2．fitness
n．健康
3．obesity
n．(过度)肥胖；肥胖症
4．ban
vt.禁止；取缔；n.禁令；谴责
5．due
adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的
6．addicted
adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
7．nicotine
n．尼古丁
8．automatic
adj.无意识的；自动的
9．lung
n．肺
10．pregnant
adj.怀孕的
11．abnormal
adj.畸形的；异常的
12．resolve
n．决心；决定
13．packet
n．小包；小盒
14．chemist
n．药剂师；化学家
15．comprehension
n．理解(力)
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)
16．abuse
n．&
vt.滥用；虐待
17．stress
n．压力；重音；vt.加压力于；使紧张；强调→stressful
adj.产生压力的；紧张的
18．tough
adj.困难的；强硬的
19．adolescent
n．青少年；adj.青春期的→adolescence
n．青春期
20．accustom
vt.使习惯于→accustomed
adj.惯常的；习惯了的
21．withdrawal
n．收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程→withdraw
v．收回；撤退
22．mental
adj.精神的；智力的
23．quit
vt.停止(做某事)；离开
24．effect
n．结果；努力→effective
adj.有效的；有影响的→affect
vt.影响
25．breathless
adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的
26．unfit
adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的
27．strengthen
vt.加强；巩固；使坚强；vi.变强→strength
n．力量
28．desperate
adj.绝望的；拼命的
29．disappointed
adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointment
n．失望→disappointing
adj.令人失望的
30．ashamed
adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shameful
adj.可耻的
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
31．由于……due
to
32．对……有瘾be
addicted
to
33．习惯于……
be
accustomed
to
34．对……作出决定decide
on
35．想要(做)……feel
like
(doing)
36．give
up放弃；戒掉
37．再三地；反复地
over
and
over
again
38．对……造成伤害/损伤
do
damage
to...
39．throw
away扔掉；拋弃
40．instead
of代替；而不是
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题7分，满分35分)
41．It
seems
amazing
that
at
my
age
I
am
still
fit
enough
to
cycle
20
kilometres
in
an
afternoon.
这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，仍然身体足够健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。
42．Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。
43．I
believed
I
was
happier
and
more
relaxed
after
having
a
cigarette,
so
I
began
to
think
that
I
could
only
feel
good
when
I
smoked.
我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。
44．I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
I
have.
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
45．It
is
not
easy
to
stop
smoking,
but
millions
have
managed
to
quit
and
so
can
you.
戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。
重点词汇
stress
n.压力；重音；重要性(on...)；vt.加压力于；使紧张；强调
※lay/place/put
stress
on
sth.强调某事；给某物压力
under
stress在压力下
stress
out过度劳累；紧张
※stressed
adj.焦虑不安的，心力交瘁的
※stressful
adj.压力重的；紧张的
(1)Dickens
is
compared
with
the
Mona
Lisa
in
the
text
to
stress
his
importance
in
literature.
(2018·浙江)
文章中把狄更斯和名画《蒙娜丽莎》相比就是为了强调狄更斯在文学中的重要地位。
(2)I’ve
been
really
stressed
out
at
work
recently.
最近我真觉得工作压力很大。
(3)We
all
know
that
nowadays
most
students
are
under
great
stress.
我们都知道，现在大多数学生压力都很大。
[单句改错]
(4)For
most
of
the
girls，it
is
a
job.
(5)The
students
in
China
often
feel
when
facing
so
many
exams.
Do
you
think
smoking
should
be
banned？
你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？
ban
vt.禁止；取缔；n.谴责；禁令
※ban
doing
sth.禁止做某事
ban
sb.from
doing
sth.禁止某人做某事
※a
ban
on
sth.关于某事的禁令
(1)In
my
opinion,
taking
cellphones
with
the
students
should
not
be
banned,
but
limited
to
certain
areas.
依我看，学生带手机不该被禁止，但应该被限制在某些区域。
(2)They
are
banned
from
swimming
in
the
river.
他们被禁止在河里游泳。
(3)The
law
bans
selling(sell)
alcohol
to
those
under
18
in
the
country.
在那个国家法律禁止卖酒给18岁以下的人。
[单句改错]
(4)The
manager
has
declared
a
ban
smoking
in
theatres.
I
think
my
long
and
active
life
must
be
due
to
the
healthy
life
I
live.
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
due
to由于
be
due
to
do
sth.预期做某事，预计做某事
be
due
to
sth./doing
sth./sb.归因于某事/归因于做某事/应归于某人
(1)The
reason
why
someone
is
triggered
by
something
and
others
are
not
is
often
due
to
one’s
personal
history
and
psychological
traits.(2018·北京)
有的人容易被某些事情激怒，而有的人不容易被激怒，原因归结于个人的过往经历和心理特点。
(2)The
train
is
due
to
arrive(arrive)
at
5
o’clock.
火车预计在5点到达。
[单句改错]
(3)Have
they
been
paid
the
money
that
due
to
them?
You
see，during
adolescence
I
also
smoked
and
became
addicted
to
cigarettes.
你知道，当我十几岁的时候，也吸过烟，而且还上了烟瘾。
addicted
adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
※be/become
addicted
to
sth./doing
sth.沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动
※addict
vt.使……沉溺/上瘾；n.入迷的人；有瘾的人
addict
oneself
to
sth./doing
sth.沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动
(1)Learning
that
you
are
addicted
to
table
tennis,
I
am
writing
to
sincerely
invite
you
to
join
the
table
tennis
team
in
our
school.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
了解到你着迷于乒乓球，我现在写信真诚地邀请你参加我们学校的乒乓球队。
(2)She
is
a
TV
addict
and
watches
as
much
as
she
can.
她是个电视迷，看起电视没完没了。
(3)He
addicted
himself
to
playing
games.
他沉迷于打游戏。
[一句多译]
(4)这个男孩沉迷于电脑游戏，所以考试失败了。
①The
boy
was
addicted
to
computer
games，so
he
failed
in
the
exam.(并列句)
②Addicted
to
computer
games，the
boy
failed
in
the
exam.(非谓语动词作状语)
This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.
这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
accustomed
adj.习惯的，通常的
※be/become/get
accustomed
to
sth./doing
sth.习惯于(做)某事
※accustom
v．使习惯于，使适应
accustom
oneself/sb.to
sth./doing
sth.使……习惯于(做)某事
(1)You
will
soon
get
accustomed
to
the
life
without
the
Internet
here.
你将会很快习惯这里没有网络的生活。
(2)It
took
a
while
for
me
to
accustom
myself
to
all
the
new
rules.
我用了好一会儿才使自己适应所有的新制度。
(3)Accustomed(accustom)
to
climbing
the
deep
mountains，he
had
no
difficulty
reaching
the
top.习惯于爬陡峭的山，所以他毫不费力就到达了山顶。
[单句改错]
(4)I’m
not
accustomed
to
up
so
early.
When
I
was
young，I
didn’t
know
much
about
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。
effect
n．影响；结果；效力
※have
an
effect
on/upon对……有影响
in
effect实际上；在实施中，有效
come
into
effect生效；开始实施
take
effect起作用
※effective
adj.有效果的
※effectively
adv.有效地；生效地
(1)In
effect，he
didn’t
like
the
new
film
at
all.
实际上，他根本不喜欢这部新电影。
(2)Do
you
know
when
the
new
traffic
rules
came
into
effect？
你知道新交规是什么时候生效的吗？
(3)The
government
will
take
some
effective(effect)
measures
to
deal
with
it.
政府会采取有效的措施来处理它。
(4)Ordinary
soap，used
correctly，can
deal
with
bacteria
effectively(effect)．(2018·北京)
普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，可以有效地消除细菌。
[单句改错]
(5)Reading
in
the
sun
has
a
bad
effect
your
eyesight.
(6)The
villagers
hope
that
the
new
law
will
take
an
effect
soon.
Every
time
you
feel
like
smoking
a
cigarette，remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non?smoker.
每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你已经是不吸烟的人了。
feel
like
(doing)
sth.想要(做)某事
feel
like
doing
sth.＝would
like
to
do
sth.想要做某事
feel
like摸上去像……；感觉像是……
(1)The
table
feels
like
plastic，not
wood.
这张桌子摸上去像是塑料的，不像木头的。
(2)He
feels
like
a
faithful
believer
before
this
learned
scholar.
在这个知识渊博的学者面前，他感觉就像是一个忠诚的信徒。
[句型转换]
(3)Generally
speaking，my
son
would
like
to
eat
some
bread
in
the
morning.
→Generally
speaking，my
son
feels
like
eating
some
bread
in
the
morning.
If
you
feel
desperate，you
might
like
to
talk
to
a
doctor
or
chemist
about
something
to
help
you，like
nicotine
chewing
gum.
如果你的确感到没办法，你还可以去找一位医生或药剂师谈谈，帮你想点办法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等。
desperate
adj.绝望的；拼命的
※be
desperate
for极想要……/渴望得到……
be
desperate
to
do
sth.极想做某事
※desperately
adv.绝望地
(1)The
player
was
desperate
for
the
gold
medal，but
he
failed.
这个运动员极度渴望获得金牌，但他未能如愿。
(2)Perhaps
each
of
us
has
moments
in
our
lives
that
we
are
desperate
to
search(search)
for
something
everywhere
but
it
is
just
under
our
noses.
在我们的生活中，也许我们每个人都会有这样的时刻——我们拼命地到处找某个东西，但是它就在我们的面前(我们却看不见)。
(3)He
cut
desperately(desperate)
at
the
rope
in
an
attempt
to
free
his
foot.
他绝望地割绳子，试图把脚解放出来。
If
you
weaken
and
have
a
cigarette，do
not
feel
ashamed.
如果你意志衰弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。
ashamed
adj.羞耻的；惭愧的；尴尬的
※be
ashamed
of...为……而感到羞耻
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.羞于/耻于做某事
be
ashamed
that...对……感到羞愧
※shame
n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
It’s
a
shame
that...……真让人遗憾。
What
a
shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)She
was
ashamed
of
being
late
for
such
an
important
meeting.
她为在这么重要的会议上迟到而感到丢人。
(2)I
was
ashamed
that
I
failed
in
the
exam
again.
我因考试又失败了而感到惭愧。
(3)She
was
ashamed
to
ask(ask)
such
a
simple
question.她不好意思提这么简单的问题。
(4)It
is
a
shame
that
you
have
missed
the
nice
beginning
of
the
film.
你错过了这部电影精彩的开头，真是遗憾。
经典句式
When
I
was
taken
off
the
school
football
team
because
I
was
unfit，I
knew
it
was
time
to
quit
smoking.
当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我才知道自己是时候戒烟了。
It’s
(high/about)
time
for
sb.to
do
sth.
＝It
is
(high/about)
time
that
sb.did/should
do
sth.是某人该做某事的时候了。
It’s
some
time
since...做某事有多长时间了。
It
is/was
the
first/second/...time
that...某人第一/二/……次……(that从句中谓语动词用完成时态)
It
was
some
time
before...过多久就……
It
will
be
some
time
before...过多久才……
(1)Before
I
knew
it
an
hour
had
passed
and
it
was
time
to
move
on
to
lunch.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
不知不觉一个小时过去了，到了吃午餐的时间了。
(2)It
is
30
years
since
he
joined
the
army.
他参军已有30年了。
(3)It
will
be
three
days
before
he
comes
back.
要过三天他才能回来。
(4)It
is
the
first
time
that
the
girl
has
seen(see)
an
elephant.这是女孩第一次见到大象。
[一句多译]
(5)是我们该采取措施保护环境的时候了。
①It
is
high
time
for
us
to
take
measures
to
protect
the
environment.(简单句)
②It
is
high
time
that
we
took/should
take
measures
to
protect
the
environment.(复合句)
Every
time
you
feel
like
smoking
a
cigarette，remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non?smoker.
每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你已经是不吸烟的人了。
※本句是一个主从复合句。every
time在句中引导时间状语从句；主句中含有that引导的宾语从句。
※时间状语从句通常由when，while，as，before，after，as
soon
as
等从属连词引导，但有时也可由every
time，each
time，the
moment，the
day等引导，此时这类词或词组就相当于一个从属连词。
(1)The
moment
she
heard
the
news，she
felt
like
crying.
她一听到这个消息，就想哭。
(2)She
set
about
cleaning
the
room
as
soon
as
she
got
home.她一到家就开始打扫房间。
[单句改错]
(3)I
thought
the
girl
honest
the
first
time
when
I
met
her.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Many
kids
become
addicted
to
surfing(surf)
the
Net,
so
they
have
lost
interest
in
study.
2．Accustomed(accustom)
to
drinking
a
cup
of
coffee
every
morning,
I
feel
refreshed.
3．In
the
north
of
India,
the
population
was
booming
due
to
high
birth
rates.
4．The
new
advertisement
rules
came
into
effect
last
month.
5．He
looked
around
desperately(desperate)
for
someone
to
help
him.
6．There
should
be
a
ban
on
talking
loudly
in
cinemas.
7．I’m
ashamed(shame)
that
I
wasted
many
hours
when
I
should
have
studied
in
class.
8．She
really
feels
like
having(have)
a
talk
with
him
about
his
study
at
school.
9．Janet’s
been
under
a
lot
of
stress
since
her
mother’s
illness.
10．It’s
high
time
that
we
stressed/should
stress(stress)
the
importance
of
having
a
healthy
lifestyle.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．I’m
ashamed
to
say
I
haven’t
passed
the
exam
this
time.
说起来惭愧，我没能通过这次考试。
12．I
loved
this
movie
and
so
did
all
my
friends.
我喜欢这部电影，我所有的朋友也喜欢。
13．Every
time
I
express
an
opinion,
she
always
argues
back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
14．As
is
known
to
us
all，reading
books
of
traditional
culture
can
have
a
good
effect
on
the
children.
众所周知，阅读传统文化的书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。
15．They
find
it
hard
to
master
a
foreign
language.
他们发现要掌握一门外语很困难。
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．For
most
people，work
stress(压力)
involves
a
lack
of
satisfaction
and
not
feeling
appreciated.
2．They’re
seeking
a
complete
ban(禁止)
on
nuclear
testing.
3．This
warm
weather
is
abnormal(不正常的)
for
February.
4．Williams
abused(滥用)
his
position
as
Mayor
to
give
jobs
to
his
friends.
5．This
is
a
hospital
for
those
people
who
suffer
mental(精神的)
diseases.
6．This
activity
helps
strengthen(加强)
memory
and
build
trust.
7．You
have
to
accustom(使习惯)
yourself
gradually
to
the
different
hours
of
work
that
your
new
post
requires.
8．—Why
are
you
so
desperate(拼命的)
to
get
the
part?time
job，Joseph?
—I
am
in
great
need
of
money
to
support
myself
through
college.
9．She
was
disappointed(失望的)
at
the
disappointing
result.
10．As
for
you，you
ought
to
be
ashamed(感到惭愧的)
of
what
you
have
done.
Ⅱ.选词填空
11．He
gave
up
his
job
and
started
writing
poetry.
12．Finally
we
decided
on
the
plan
we
should
carry
out.
13．Tom’s
losing
his
job
is
due
to
his
carelessness.
14．The
old
man
likes
telling
us
his
life
story
over
and
over
again.
15．The
heavy
rain
did
great
damage
to
the
crops
there.
16．Surrounded
by
positive
people，you
will
keep
focused
on
what
you
can
do
instead
of
what
you
can’t.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
17．I’ll
raise
both
hands
in
favour
of
banning
smoking(smoke)
inside
the
schoolyard.
18．Her
parents’
divorce
had
a
big
effect
on
her.
19．It
will
not
be
long
before
you
get
accustomed
to
driving(drive)
on
the
left
side
of
the
road
in
Britain.
20．I
wish
you’d
quit
complaining(complain)．
21．The
national
football
team
is
desperate
for
a
win.
22．I
don’t
feel
like
arguing(argue)
with
them.
23．I
was
disappointed
to
see(see)
what
had
happened.
24．I
am
not
ashamed
to
do(do)
such
a
thing，for
it
benefits
every
one
of
us.
25．According
to
the
report，people
come
down
with
illnesses
easily
when
under
stress.
26．We
wanted
him
to
have
as
full
a
life
as
possible，no
different
from
what
we
wanted
for
our
other
two
sons.
Ⅳ.完成句子
27．It
seems
possible
that
he
would
come.
看起来他可能会来。
28．After
leaving
school，Mackay
worked
in
a
restaurant
for
a
year.
离开学校后，麦凯在一家餐厅工作了一年。
29．It
is
time
for
you
to
take/It
is
time
that
you
took/should
take
effective
measures.
是你该采取有效措施的时候了。
30．We
find
it
important
to
let
students
have
enough
sleep.
我们发现让学生有足够的睡眠很重要。
31．Every/Each
time
I
hear
that
song
I
feel
happy.
我每次听到那首歌都感到很愉快。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Many
of
us
have
reached
in
our
pockets，feeling
a
vibration(振动)，wrongly
believing
our
mobile
phones
have
just
rung.The
phenomenon
even
has
a
name：“phantom
vibration
syndrome”—and
found
it
is
surprisingly
common.
Now
scientists
believe
that
we
are
so
alert(警觉)
for
phone
calls
and
messages
that
we
are
misinterpreting
slight
muscle
spasms(痉挛)
as
proof
of
a
call.Robert
Rosenberger，an
assistant
professor
at
the
Georgia
Tech
Institute
of
Technology
has
studied
the
delusional
calls.He
said
sufferers
describe
a
vague
tingling
feeling
which
they
think
is
their
mobile
phone
indicating
it
has
received
a
text
message
or
call
while
on
“silent”．But
when
the
device
is
retrieved，there
was
no
one
on
the
other
end.
Dr
Rosenberger
said，“I
find
so
many
people
say，‘This
happens
to
me，but
I
thought
I
was
the
only
one，I
thought
I
was
odd.’”
It
seems
that
the
syndrome
particularly
affects
people
at
the
beck
and
call
of
mobile
phones
or
pagers.A
2010
study
by
Michael
Rothberg
and
colleagues
found
that
nearly
70
per
cent
of
doctors
at
a
hospital
in
Massachusetts
suffered
phantom
vibrations.A
more
recent
study
of
US
college
students
found
the
figure
was
as
high
as
90
per
cent.
While
the
odd
feeling
is
widespread，it
does
not
seem
to
be
considered
a
grave
problem.Dr
Rosenberger
said，“it’s
not
actually
a
syndrome
in
a
technical
sense.That’s
just
the
name
that’s
got
stuck
to
it.”
He
added，“Only
2
per
cent
of
people
consider
it
a
problem.”
While
widespread，the
scientific
community
has
not
yet
invested
much
effort
in
getting
to
the
bottom
of
why
we
suffer
phantom
calls.
Dr
Rosenberger
said，“People
are
guessing
it
has
something
to
do
with
nervous
energy.The
cognitive(认知的)
scientists
are
talking
about
brain
chemistry，cognitive
pathways
changing.But
it’s
not
like
they
have
brain
scans
to
go
on.”
He
said，“We
have
a
phone
call
in
our
pocket
all
the
time
and
it
becomes
sort
of
an
extension
of
ourselves.We
have
this
sort
of
readiness
to
experience
a
call.We
feel
something
and
we
think，OK，that
could
be
a
call.”
32．Why
do
some
people
mistake
slight
muscle
spasms
for
a
call?
A．They
all
have
a
vivid
imagination.
B．They
are
sensitive
to
calls
and
messages.
C．There
are
few
calls
and
messages
in
their
life.
D．Slight
muscle
spasms
affect
them
more
than
other
people.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Now
scientists
believe
that
we
are
so
alert(警觉)
for
phone
calls
and
messages
that
we
are
misinterpreting
slight
muscle
spasms(痉挛)
as
proof
of
a
call.”可知，科学家们认为我们对手机电话和短信如此警觉以至于我们会把轻微的肌肉痉挛误认为是电话。故结合选项可知B选项正确。
33．Which
of
the
following
are
more
likely
to
have
phantom
vibration
syndrome
than
others?
A．Doctors.
B．University
professors.
C．College
students.
D．The
cognitive
scientists.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第三段最后两句“A
2010
study
by
Michael
Rothberg
and
colleagues
found
that
nearly
70
per
cent
of
doctors
at
a
hospital
in
Massachusetts
suffered
phantom
vibrations.A
more
recent
study
of
US
college
students
found
the
figure
was
as
high
as
90
per
cent.”可知，90%的大学生患有振动幻听综合症。故C选项正确。
34．In
Dr
Rosenberger’s
opinion，phantom
vibration
syndrome
.
A．isn’t
a
kind
of
disease
actually
B．is
considered
a
problem
by
most
people
C．is
a
serious
problem
ignored
by
people
D．has
something
to
do
with
brain
chemistry
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第四段中的“it’s
not
actually
a
syndrome
in
a
technical
sense”可知，Dr
Rosenberger认为，从专业角度来说，这并不是一种综合症。也就是说，他认为这并不是一种病。故A选项正确。
35．What
does
the
text
mainly
talk
about?
A．Most
people
have
phantom
vibration
syndrome.
B．How
to
keep
away
from
phantom
vibration
syndrome.
C．How
to
reduce
phantom
phone
vibrations.
D．People
care
too
much
about
phantom
phone
vibrations.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。第一段是文章中心段。该段主要介绍了振动幻听综合症是一种非常普遍的现象。大部分人都患有振动幻听综合症。下文简单分析了这种现象的原因以及科学家们对此的看法。故结合选项可知A选项正确。
Ⅵ.完形填空
(2018·九江一中高二期中)
Jake
was
born
healthy，but
his
parents
noticed
there
was
something
wrong
when
he
was
4.
Jake
36
about
20
pounds
in
just
six
months.He
37
putting
on
weight
in
spite
of
eating
only
salad.In
2015，Jake
was
diagnosed(诊断)
with
ROHHAD
syndrome，a
38
condition
that
affects
the
brain
and
causes
rapid
weight
gain.Only
75
cases
have
ever
been
reported，and
none
of
the
sufferers
is
known
to
have
39
twenty
years.
But
Jake
wants
to
fight
for
his
40
.Although
there
is
no
way
to
fully
41
the
weight
gain，he
does
everything
he
can
to
slow
it
down，including
42
competing
in
triathlons(三项全能运动)．Triathlons
help
him
keep
fit
and
active.It’s
good
for
his
43
and
also
gives
him
a
chance
to
socialize
with
other
kids.He
44
with
the
Malta
Youth
Triathlon
Association
three
times
a
week.
“He
is
extremely
45
.He
never
misses
a
training
lesson
without
valid(确凿的)
46
and
is
constantly
eager
to
train，”
Jake’s
trainer
said.“Jake
is
very
lovable
and
steals
the
heart
of
all
who
know
him.It’s
heartbreaking
to
see
what
he
has
to
47
.I
look
at
his
family
with
a
mixture
of
48
—in
spite
of
the
hardship
they
try
their
best
to
make
sure
that
Jake
gets
as
49
a
life
as
possible.”
Everybody
is
more
than
happy
to
help
Jake，and
they
50
change
event
dates
and
training
schedules
just
to
make
it
easier
for
him
to
51
.He
is
always
very
determined，but
because
of
his
condition，he
can’t
52
himself
to
push
his
heart
rate
too
high.
Jake’s
53
is
to
meet
two
famous
British
triathlon
players，
54
due
to
his
disease，he
cannot
travel.After
Jake’s
story
was
made
public，someone
55
that
he
would
do
everything
he
could
to
make
the
boy’s
dream
a
reality.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫杰克的男孩虽然患有一种罕见病，但他积极地训练，乐观地生活的故事。
36．A.gained
B．collected
C．reduced
D．recovered
答案 A
解析 根据下文中的“putting
on
weight”和“rapid
weight
gain”可知，杰克仅在6个月内体重就增加了约20磅。gain增加，符合语境。
37．A.remembered
B．enjoyed
C．kept
D．disliked
答案 C
解析 根据下文中的“in
spite
of
eating
only
salad”可知，尽管他只吃沙拉，但他还是一直在增重。keep
doing
sth.继续做某事。
38．A.difficult
B．rare
C．poor
D．deadly
答案 B
解析 根据下文中的“Only
75
cases
have
ever
been
reported”可知，杰克的疾病极其罕见(rare)。
39．A.wasted
B．lasted
C．spent
D．survived
答案 D
解析 只有75例曾被报道过，而且没有一个病人活过二十年。survive存活，符合语境。
40．A.goal
B．life
C．career
D．future
答案 B
解析 杰克想与死亡作斗争。fight
for
one’s
life与死亡作斗争。
41．A.ignore
B．chance
C．stop
D．influence
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的“Jake
was
diagnosed(诊断)．..rapid
weight
gain”可知，没有办法完全阻止(stop)体重增加，但他尽其所能减缓体重增长。
42．A.regularly
B．strongly
C．faithfully
D．truly
答案 A
解析 他尽其所能减缓体重增长，包括定期参加三项全能运动竞赛。regularly定期地，有规律地，符合语境。
43．A.mind
B．growth
C．heart
D．health
答案 D
解析 根据上文中的“help
him
keep
fit”可知，三项全能运动对他的健康有好处。故选D项。health健康。
44．A.competes
B．plays
C．trains
D．works
答案 C
解析 根据下文中的“He
never
misses
a
training
lesson”可知，此处指杰克接受训练。
45．A.proud
B．positive
C．smart
D．caring
答案 B
解析 根据下文中的“He
never
misses
a
training
lesson...eager
to
train”可知，他非常积极。
46．A.result
B．evidence
C．reason
D．date
答案 C
解析 根据语境可知，没有充分的理由，他从不缺一节训练课。reason理由，符合语境。
47．A.go
through
B．get
across
C．see
through
D．put
down
答案 A
解析 根据上文中描述的杰克的病情可知，杰克很可爱，所有认识他的人都喜欢他，看到他要经历的事让人心碎。go
through经历；get
across被理解；see
through看穿；put
down放下。
48．A.expressions
B．ideas
C．tastes
D．feelings
答案 D
解析 根据破折号后的解释可知，杰克的教练带着一种复杂的心情看着他的家人。feeling情感。
49．A.impressive
B．regretful
C．crazy
D．normal
答案 D
解析 尽管困难重重，杰克的家人还是尽他们最大的努力确保杰克过上正常的(normal)生活。
50．A.luckily
B．gladly
C．impatiently
D．unwillingly
答案 B
解析 根据上文中的“Everybody
is
more
than
happy
to
help
Jake”和下文中的“just
to
make
it
easier
for
him
to
”可知答案。
51．A.organize
B．join
C．attend
D．believe
答案 C
解析 他们很乐意改变活动日期和训练计划，以便让杰克更容易地参加(训练)。attend参加，符合语境。
52．A.allow
B．control
C．pretend
D．protect
答案 A
解析 由于他的情况，他不能让(allow)自己的心率太高。
53．A.dream
B．task
C．intention
D．story
答案 A
解析 根据下文中的“he
would
do
everything
he
could
to
make
the
boy’s
dream
a
reality”可知，他的梦想(dream)是见到两位著名的英国三项全能运动员。
54．A.so
B．or
C．and
D．but
答案 D
解析 但是由于他的病，他不能旅行。空处前后为转折关系，故选D项。
55．A.explained
B．announced
C．predicted
D．warned
答案 B
解析 在杰克的故事公开后，有人宣称(announce)他将尽他所能让这个男孩的梦想成为现实。
Ⅶ.语法填空
A
healthy
lifestyle
is
related
56
physical
and
mental
fitness.Do
you
think
it
is
time
to
make
changes
to
live
57
healthier
life？Nowadays
many
people
say
they
just
don’t
get
much
time
to
look
after
58
(they)
health.However，it
is
what
you
do
and
eat
every
day
that
guarantees
you
a
healthy
body.So
make
some
little
changes
in
your
schedule
to
improve
your
lifestyle.It’s
never
too
late.
These
are
some
suggestions
59
(give)
by
health
experts
which
can
help
you
achieve
your
goal.First
of
all，add
healthy
food
items
to
your
diet.For
example，eating
green
vegetables
and
fruits
60
(be)
a
must
because
they
contain
lots
of
vitamins
and
minerals
61
are
necessary
to
your
body.Do
remember
to
exercise
62
(regular)
because
it
will
burn
extra
fats
in
your
body
and
help
you
gain
control
of
your
63
(weigh)．If
you
can’t
exercise
every
day，at
least
go
for
a
walk
every
day.Sleep
at
least
eight
hours
every
day
64
(make)
you
feel
fresh
and
energetic.In
addition，many
people
do
some
activities
every
day，
65
(say)
this
helps
them
develop
their
mind.There
are
many
things
you
can
do
to
keep
healthy，but
exercising
will
always
be
at
the
top.
语篇解读 健康的生活方式和身体健康、精神健康紧密相关；一些小改变就可以改善你的生活方式。文章给出了一些改善生活方式的建议。
56．答案 to
解析 考查介词。be
related
to是固定搭配，意为“和……有联系”。
57．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。live
a
healthier
life过一种更健康的生活。live
a．..life为固定表达。
58．答案 their
解析 考查代词。此处需用形容词性物主代词作定语，故填their。
59．答案 given
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作suggestions的后置定语，give和其逻辑主语suggestions之间是被动关系，故用过去分词given。
60．答案 is
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，本文以一般现在时为主，故填is。
61．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为lots
of
vitamins
and
minerals，引导词用that/which，在从句中作主语。
62．答案 regularly
解析 考查副词。修饰动词exercise要用副词regularly。
63．答案 weight
解析 考查名词。此处需要名词作介词of的宾语，且空前有形容词性物主代词修饰。故填weight，意为“体重”。
64．答案 to
make
解析 考查非谓语动词。设空处应填非谓语动词，此处表示目的，应填动词不定式to
make。
65．答案 saying
解析 考查非谓语动词。句子主干为“many
people
do
some
activities
every
day”，设空处应填非谓语动词，say和其逻辑主语many
people之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。(共27张PPT)
A
healthy
life
Unit
3
Current
Attitudes
Towards
Physical
Fitness
Recently
we
were
told
by
a
student
that
setting
aside
time
for
improving
his
physical
fitness
would
be
a
total
misuse
of
his
working
hours.He
tried
to
convince
us
that
he
would
be
no
better
served
by
a
fitness
program
than
by
learning
to
play
bridge.The
college
and
his
preparations
for
a
career
were
his
only
purposes.This
student’s
opinion
is
one
of
the
many
feelings
that
people
hold
about
their
personal
involvement
in
a
physical
fitness
program.Many
people，including
college
students
of
all
ages，spend
little
time
on
physical
fitness
program.There
are
various
reasons.However，what
about
the
majority(大多数)
who
could
do
much
more
but
do
so
little？Does
one
of
the
following
statements
sound
like
you?
话题导入
“I
know
it’s
important，but
I
just
don’t
have
time
right
now.”
“I’m
already
fit，and
with
my
schedule，I’ll
have
no
difficulty
staying
that
way.”
If
one
of
the
following
comments
fits
you，perhaps
you
are
failing
to
see
the
broader
values
of
maintaining(维持)
a
high
level
of
physical
fitness.
“Everyone
in
the
dorm
runs
at
night.That’s
why
I
run.”
“This
weekend
will
be
cool
and
nice.Saturday
looks
like
a
good
day
for
a
personal
record.”
If
you
see
your
own
attitude
represented
by
one
of
the
comments(评论)，we
would
suggest
that
you
reexamine
your
approach
to
fitness
and
its
ability
to
positively
influence
other
aspects
of
your
life.Keep
in
mind
that
all
people
are
different
and
some
may
progress
faster
than
others.In
the
final
analysis，we
think
that
although
fitness
will
not
guarantee(保证)
that
you
will
live
longer，it
can
help
you
enjoy
the
years
you
do
live.
判断正(T)误(F)
1.It
doesn’t
matter
whether
we
set
aside
time
for
our
fitness.(
)
2.Everyone
spends
some
time
getting
physical
fitness.(
)
查看答案
F
F
PART
1
读前清障
PART
2
课文理解
Period
One Warming
Up
&
Reading—Pre-reading
PART
1
读前清障
1.abuse
A.n.青少年；adj.青春期的
2.stress
B.n.&
vt.滥用；虐待
3.adolescent
C.vt.禁止；取缔；n.禁令
4.ban
D.n.压力；重音
5.due
E.adj.欠款的；到期的
查看答案
匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
6.tough
A.adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
7.addicted
B.adj.无意识的；自动的
8.withdrawal
C.adj.惯常的；习惯了的
9.automatic
D.adj.困难的；强硬的
10.accustomed
E.n.收回；撤退；戒毒过程
查看答案
[第二组]
11.mental
A.adj.畸形的；异常的
12.unfit
B.n.结果；效力
13.effect
C.adj.精神的；智力的
14.abnormal
D.vt.停止；离开
15.quit
E.adj.不健康的；不合适的
查看答案
[第三组]
16.desperate
A.adj.失望的；沮丧的
17.disappointed
B.vt.加强；巩固
18.ashamed
C.n.理解(力)
prehension
D.adj.绝望的；拼命的
20.strengthen
E.adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
查看答案
[第四组]
PART
2
课文理解
Step
1 Fast-reading
Skim
the
passage
and
do
the
following
exercises.
1.What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
first
part?
A.The
grandfather
lives
a
healthy
life
because
of
his
quitting
smoking.
B.The
three
ways
of
becoming
addicted
to
smoking.
C.The
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
D.A
letter
explaining
how
a
smoker
becomes
addicted
to
cigarettes
and
why
he
should
give
them
up.
查看答案
√
2.What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
second
part?
A.Advice
on
how
to
stop
smoking.
B.How
to
prepare
yourself.
C.Suggestions
on
breaking
the
habit
of
smoking.
D.Millions
have
managed
to
quit
smoking
and
so
can
you.
查看答案
√
3.Find
out
the
main
idea
(or
topic
sentence)
of
each
paragraph.
Para.1
A.Grandad
talks
about
James’
problem
of
smoking.
Para.2
B.The
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
Para.3
C.Grandad
tells
about
the
life
he
is
living
and
the
importance
of
a
healthy
life.
Para.4
D.Grandad’s
hope
for
James
and
his
advice
on
stopping
smoking.
Para.5
E.The
three
different
ways
of
becoming
addicted
to
smoking.
查看答案
Step
2 Careful-reading
Read
the
passage
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1.Why
did
James’
grandfather
write
to
James?
A.Because
he
wanted
to
tell
James
his
experience.
B.Because
he
wanted
to
tell
James
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
C.Because
he
wanted
to
help
James
give
up
smoking.
D.Because
he
wanted
to
help
James
get
some
information.
查看答案
√
2.In
what
way
did
grandad
try
to
persuade
James?
A.By
using
scientific
theory.
B.By
sharing
his
own
experience.
C.By
sharing
his
sports
activity.
D.By
telling
him
his
failure
in
love.
查看答案
√
3.According
to
the
letter，James’
grandad
.
A.didn’t
give
up
smoking
B.used
to
be
a
member
of
the
school
football
team
C.is
lonely
D.wrote
down
the
advice
from
his
experience
查看答案
√
4.Which
is
NOT
the
effect
of
smoking?
A.Causing
terrible
damage
to
heart
and
lungs.
B.Affecting
the
health
of
non-smokers.
C.Making
the
clothes
turn
yellow.
D.Not
enjoying
sport.
查看答案
√
5.The
following
statements
are
true
EXCEPT
that
.
A.James’
grandfather
was
tired
when
returning
from
a
long
bike
ride
B.there
are
three
ways
a
person
can
become
addicted
to
smoking
C.keeping
your
hands
busy
will
help
stop
smoking
D.some
people
have
to
try
several
times
before
quitting
smoking
查看答案
√
Step
3 Post-reading
After
reading
the
passage，please
fill
in
the
following
blanks.
It’s
easy
for
you
to
start
smoking，but
1.
you
become
addicted
to
it，you
may
find
2.
difficult
for
you
to
quit.Firstly，you
may
become
3.
(physics)
addicted
to
nicotine.Secondly，you
may
develop
the
habit
of
smoking
and
finally
become
mentally
addicted
4.
it.Smoking
may
have
all
kinds
of
5.
(harm)
effects
on
the
health
of
both
the
smokers
themselves
and
non-smokers
around
them.It
not
only
affects
your
physical
fitness，but
also
6.
(do)
harm
to
your
heart
and
lungs
and
causes
a
variety
of
diseases.So，it’s
important
that
one
quit
smoking
and
live
a
healthier
life.
once
it
physically
does
harmful
查看答案
to
7.
(quit)
smoking，you
should
be
well-prepared
and
make
a
list
of
all
the
benefits
you
may
get
from
quitting.8.
(do)
something
else
like
going
for
a
walk，cleaning
the
house
may
distract
your
attention
and
help
you
to
forget
your
need
for
a
cigarette.But
if
you
really
feel
bad，you
should
consult
9.
doctor
or
chemist
to
get
some
professional
help.Remember，if
you
keep
trying，you
will
10.
(eventual)
succeed.
To
quit
Doing
eventually
查看答案
a
Step
4 Sentence-learning
1.Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
[句式分析] 本句为主从复合句，that引导的宾语从句作tells的宾语，在that从句中and
连接两个并列分句，其中在后一分句中“finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up”为“find＋it＋adj.＋to
do
sth.
”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to
give
it
up，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________
______
查看答案
你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它
戒掉。
2.Believe
me，I
know
how
easy
it
is
to
begin
smoking
and
how
tough
it
is
to
stop.
[句式分析] 本句中believe
me作插入语，know后跟了两个how引导的宾语从句，其句式为“how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。
[自主翻译] ____________________________________________________
查看答案
相信我吧，我知道开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。
3.I
believed
I
was
happier
and
more
relaxed
after
having
a
cigarette,
so
I
began
to
think
that
I
could
only
feel
good
when
I
smoked.
[句式分析] 本句是一个由so连接的表因果的并列句。I
believed后为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，after
having
a
cigarette作时间状语。在第二个分句中，that
I
could
only
feel
good作think的宾语；when
I
smoked为时间状语从句。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________
________________________________
查看答案
我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。
4.It
is
not
easy
to
stop
smoking,
but
millions
have
managed
to
quit
and
so
can
you.
[句式分析] 此句是由but连接的并列句，其中第二个分句又是由and连接的并列句，其中的so
can
you是倒装结构，即“so＋情态动词＋另一主语”结构。此结构中除了用情态动词之外，还可以用助动词或be动词。
[自主翻译] ________________________________________________________
查看答案
戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。(共36张PPT)
A
healthy
life
Unit
3
Period
Three Learning
about
Language
&
Using
Language
PART
1
基础自测
PART
2
课文预读
PART
3
互动探究
PART
4
达标检测
PART
1
基础自测
默写练习(二)
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
1.appendix
n.
___________
2.slippery
adj.
______
3.immune
adj.
___________
4.sex
n.
_________
5.fluid
n.
___________
6.inject
vt.
______
7.spill
vi.
___________
vt.
_______________
查看答案
附录；附件
滑的
有免疫力的
性；性别
流体；液体
注射
溢出；洒落
使溢出；使洒落
8.homosexual
n.
_______
adj.
_________
9.abortion
n.
_______________
10.cigar
n.
_______
查看答案
同性恋
同性恋的
流产；中途失败
雪茄烟
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每题3分，满分30分)
11.
adj.
不合法的；违法的
12.
n.
药丸；药片
13.
n.
抢劫；盗窃
14.
n.
幸存
→
vi.
幸存；活下来
→
n.
幸存者；生还者
15.
n.
针；(注射器的)针头
illegal
pill
survive
robbery
survival
survivor
needle
查看答案
16.
adj.
男性的；雄性的
n.
男人；雄性动(植)物
→
(反义)
adj.
女性的；雌性的
n.
女人；雌性的动(植)物
17.
n.
偏见；成见
18.
n.
看法；判决；判断
→
v.
判决
19.
adj.
尴尬的；陷入困境的
→
adj.
令人尴尬的
→
v.
使尴尬
20.
adj.
局促不安的；笨拙的
male
female
prejudice
judge
judgement
embarrassed
embarrassing
embarrass
awkward
查看答案
Ⅲ.写出下列短语(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
21.上气不接下气
_____________
22.不顾；不管；尽管
__________
23.下定决心
____________________
24.冒险
________________
25.陷入；染上(坏习惯)
________
26.处境危险；遭受危险
_______
27.免疫系统
_______________
28.抵抗疾病
____________
29.生存几率
_________________
30.受感染
_______________
out
of
breath
in
spite
of
make
up
one’s
mind
take
risks/a
risk
get
into
at
risk
immune
system
fight
disease
chances
of
survival
become
infected
查看答案
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题6分，满分30分)
31.You
can
have
HIV
in
your
blood
for
a
long
time，but
eventually
HIV
will
damage
your
immune
system
.
在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。
32.Do
not
share
anything
else
that
a
person
has
used
.
在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。
查看答案
so
much
that
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease
while
injecting
drugs
33.This
will
prevent
sexual
fluid
.
这样就会阻止体液从一个人传到另一个人身上。
34.
a
person
begins
to
look
sick.
只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。
35.Women
become
infected
than
men.
女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
passing
from
one
person
to
another
It
is
only
when
the
disease
has
progressed
to
AIDS
that
are
slightly
more
likely
to
查看答案
PART
2
课文预读
回归教材
萃取文本主旨
Ⅰ.True(T)
or
False(F)
1.It
is
dangerous
to
get
close
to
a
person
with
AIDS.(
)
2.It
is
very
likely
that
you
will
die
if
you
become
infected
with
HIV.(
)
3.You
can
only
get
HIV
from
injecting
drugs.(
)
4.Evidence
shows
that
men
get
AIDS
more
easily
than
women.(
)
5.It
could
be
dangerous
to
have
sex
without
using
a
condom.(
)
6.If
blood
or
sexual
fluid
infected
with
HIV
gets
into
someone’s
body，that
person
could
become
infected.(
)
7.You
shouldn’t
hug
a
person
with
HIV/AIDS.(
)
8.It
is
easy
to
tell
whether
a
person
has
HIV/AIDS.(
)
F
T
F
F
T
查看答案
T
F
F
Ⅱ.Read
the
passage
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1.The
word
“homosexuals”
means
“
”.
A.people
only
attracted
by
the
same
sex
B.people
who
don’t
care
about
themselves
C.people
who
are
very
sexy
D.people
who
often
have
sex
√
查看答案
2.We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
.
A.HIV
is
equal
to
AIDS
B.HIV
is
different
from
AIDS
C.HIV
weakens
a
person’s
immune
system
D.people
can
have
HIV
in
their
blood
for
quite
a
long
time
√
查看答案
3.In
order
to
stay
safe，you
.
A.should
not
share
needles
with
someone
else
B.have
to
avoid
using
anything
else
that
the
person
has
used
while
injecting
drugs
C.should
use
a
condom
if
you
have
sex
with
another
one
D.all
of
the
above
√
查看答案
PART
3
互动探究
探究重点
互动撞击思维
He
felt
he
had
to
make
up
his
mind
on
every
step
instead
of
taking
risks.
他觉得他不得不每一步都要下定决心，而不能冒险。
1
?take
risks/a
risk冒险
※at
the
risk
of
doing...冒着……的风险
at
risk处境危险；遭受危险
※risk
(doing)
sth.
冒险(做)……；冒着……的风险
重点词汇
(1)A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
had
been
trapped
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.(2018·北京)
一位救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
(2)Your
health
might
be
at
risk
due
to
much
smoking.
由于吸烟过多，你的健康可能受到威胁。
(3)He
jumped
into
the
river
his
life.
他冒着生命危险跳进了河里。
(4)We
don’t
want
to
risk
(catch)
in
the
traffic
jam.
我们不想冒堵车的风险。
at
the
risk
of
losing
查看答案
being
caught
?get
into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
2
Of
course
the
best
way
to
deal
with
these
drugs
is
not
to
get
into
the
habit
in
the
first
place！当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先别养成(吸毒的)习惯！
get
away
with逃脱惩罚
get
along
with进展；相处
get
down
to开始认真做
get
through通过；完成get
over克服
(1)When
he
got
into
trouble，his
best
friend
helped
him
out.
当他陷入麻烦时，他最好的朋友帮他走出了困境。
(2)Don’t
be
tempted
to
cheat—you’ll
never
it.
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
(3)How
are
you
your
new
classmates？
你和你的新同学相处得怎么样？
(4)The
man
is
looking
for
a
way
to
the
difficulty.
这个人正在想办法克服困难。
get
away
with
getting
along
with
get
over
查看答案
?survival
n.[U]幸存；[C]残存物
3
If
you
develop
AIDS，your
chances
of
survival
are
very
small.如果你得了艾滋病，生存的几率很小。
※survive
vt.&
vi.生还；残存；比……活得长
survive
on...仅靠……维持生计
survive
sb.
by...比某人多活……
※survivor
n.生存者；残存者；幸存者
(1)For
a
sudden
heart
failure，the
single
best
chance
for
survival
is
having
someone
nearby
step
in
and
do
CPR
quickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的最好的机会是有人在附近迅速地做CPR。
(2)She
is
the
only
survivor
in
the
accident.
她是这起事故中的唯一幸存者。
(3)Millions
of
people
a
very
limited
diet.
数百万人依靠非常有限的食物生存。
(4)She
survived
her
husband
twenty
years.
她比她的丈夫多活了二十年。
[单句改错]
(5)Luckily，most
of
the
passengers
survived
from
the
terrible
accident.
survive
on
by
查看答案
4
Before
you
read
this
text，what
judgements
did
you
make
about
people
with
HIV/AIDS？在读这篇文章之前，你对HIV病毒携带者或者艾滋病患者作什么样的评价？
※in
one’s
judgement
在某人看来
make
a
judgement
作出判断
※judge
v.判定；判断；审判；n.法官；裁判
judging
from/by...根据……判断
?judgement
n.看法；评价；判断；判决
(1)The
company
was
fined
4
million，following
a
recent
court
judgement.
根据最近的法庭判决，这家公司被罚款400万美元。
(2)
，this
new
policy
is
very
practical.
在我看来，这个新政策是非常实际的。
(3)The
expert
refused
to
about
the
situation.
这位专家拒绝对形势作出判断。
(4)
his
words，I
could
tell
that
he
was
honest.
根据他的话判断，我知道他是诚实的。
In
my
judgement
make
a
judgement
查看答案
Judging
from/by
5
Then
she
offered
me
a
cigarette
and
I
felt
so
embarrassed
and
awkward.
然后她递给我一支烟，我感到很尴尬且局促不安。
※be/feel
embarrassed
to
do
sth.
对做某事感到尴尬
be/feel
embarrassed
about/at...对……感到难为情/不知所措
※embarrass
vt.使难堪，使尴尬
※embarrassing
adj.令人尴尬的
※embarrassment
n.窘迫；尴尬
?embarrassed
adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的
(1)My
face
turned
red
with
embarrassment.
我因为尴尬脸红了。
(2)The
young
man
was
embarrassed
(admit)
cheating
in
the
test.
这个年轻人尴尬地承认在测试中作弊了。
(3)His
speech
was
followed
by
an
(embarrass)
silence.
他的讲话过后是一阵令人尴尬的沉默。
to
admit
embarrassing
查看答案
[高级表达]
(4)It
embarrassed
her
that
she
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests.
①
was
that
she
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests.
(主语从句；embarrass)
②She
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests，
.
(定语从句；embarrassed)
What
embarrassed
her
which
made
her
embarrassed
查看答案
It
is
only
when
the
disease
has
progressed
to
AIDS
that
a
person
begins
to
look
sick.只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。
本句为强调句型，对when引导的时间状语从句进行强调。
※强调句型的一般式结构为：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。
※强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was
it＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他？
※强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was
it
that＋其他？(强调
句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词。)
※判断强调句型的方法：将强调结构去掉，如果句子仍然正确，则是强调句
型，否则就不是。
经典句式
(1)It
was
the
man
that/who
helped
me
out
when
I
was
in
trouble.
我处于困境时，是这个人帮助了我。
(2)
during
the
Second
World
War
he
died?
他是在第二次世界大战期间去世的吗？
(3)
you
found
your
lost
pen?
你是在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的？
[单句改错]
(4)It
was
in
France
where
I
picked
up
some
French.
(5)It
were
the
twins
that
helped
me
with
English.
Was
it
that
Where
was
it
that
that
was
查看答案
PART
4
达标检测
当堂检测
基础达标演练
1.Due
to
the
war
between
the
two
countries，life
has
become
a
struggle
for
(survive).
2.Once
you
get
the
habit
of
smoking，you
will
find
it
hard
to
get
rid
of
it.
3.Some
women
are
too
(embarrass)
to
consult
their
doctor
about
the
problem.
4.The
young
man
risked
(knock)
down
to
take
the
child
on
the
busy
road
to
safety.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
查看答案
survival
into
embarrassed
being
knocked
5.Scientific
research
shows
that
women
tend
to
survive
their
husbands
5－10
years.
6.—Who
is
making
such
a
noise?
—
must
be
the
children.
查看答案
by
It
7.You
can’t
achieve
your
dream
easily
.
不冒险你不可能轻易实现你的梦想。
8.
，nothing
will
change
it.
一旦她下定决心，什么也改变不了。
9.
that
he
knew
what
had
happened.
直到他到家以后，他才知道所发生的事。
10.
on
her
face，she
must
have
news
of
great
excitement
to
tell
us.
从她脸上的表情来判断，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。
Ⅱ.完成句子
查看答案
without
taking
risks/a
risk
Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind
It
was
not
until
he
got
home
Judging
from/by
the
expression
HIV
is
a
virus
that
weaken
a
person’s
immune
system.You
can
have
an
HIV
in
your
blood
for
a
long
time.However，eventual
it
will
damage
your
immune
system
so
much
as
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease.This
stage
of
the
illness
was
called
AIDS.So
far，almost
everyone
who
has
developed
AIDS
died.
Ⅲ.课文短文改错
weakens
∧
has
eventually
that
查看答案
is
HIV
is
spread
through
blood
or
the
fluid
where
carries
the
virus.The
virus
gets
inside
the
body
through
breaking
skin，or
by
injection.Certainly，scientists
will
find
a
cure
to
HIV/AIDS
one
day.But
before
that
happens，you
need
to
protect
myself.
查看答案
that/which
for
broken
yourself单元知识滚动练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
translation(翻译)
is
well
done
except
for
a
few
small
mistakes.
2．He’s
been
in
a
lot
of
trouble—drugs，guns，blackmail—the
list
is
endless(无穷无尽的)．
3．The
water
in
the
Dead
Sea
is
so
salty(咸的)
that
you
can’t
sink
when
you
are
in
the
water.
4．The
project
needs
to
raise
￡8
million
in
sponsorship(赞助)．
5．There
is
to
be
a
total
ban(禁令)
on
smoking
in
the
office.
6．Things
can
easily
go
wrong
when
people
are
under
stress(压力)．
7．His
behavior
was
completely
beyond
comprehension(理解)．
8．Chinese
scientists
recently
had
a
chance
to
study
a
wild
female
panda
with
a
newborn
baby.
9．The
child
is
awkward
with
his
chopsticks.
10．It
is
clear
that
the
chairman
is
not
satisfied
with
the
foreigner’s
prejudice(偏见)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
in
particular，let
out，stay
up，run
out
of，be
addicted
to，accustom
oneself
to，in
effect，in
spite
of，get
into，decide
on
11．You
need
to
know
what
to
abandon
if
you
run
out
of
time.
12．Doctors
suggest
that
people
should
not
stay
up
late
even
on
holidays.
13．I
would
rather
you
hadn’t
let
out
the
secret.You
see，I
am
in
great
trouble
now.
14．It
was
a
good
concert—I
enjoyed
the
last
song
in
particular.
15．Many
new
laws
have
been
passed
while
some
ancient
laws
are
still
in
effect.
16．Having
moved
to
the
northeast
of
China，I
had
to
accustom
myself
to
the
dry
weather
here.
17．We
enjoyed
our
holiday
in
spite
of
the
bad
weather.
18．Thomas
seems
always
to
get
into
trouble.
19．He
is
addicted
to
drinking，but
he
dislikes
smoking.
20．Sometimes
it
is
not
easy
to
decide
on
an
important
thing.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
21．A
librarian(library)
is
a
person
who
is
in
charge
of
or
works
in
a
library.
22．To
my
delight，he
was
delighted
to
accept
the
invitation.
23．Knowledge
from
real
life
isn’t
easier
to
forget
than
that
achieved
from
textbooks.
24．We
don’t
know
if
it
was
done
by
chance
or
on
purpose.
25．It
is
natural
that
children
feel
like
watching(watch)
cartoons
when
they
are
young.
26．He
quickly
became
accustomed
to
eating(eat)
the
local
food.
27．To
my
excitement，my
new
job
is
much
less
stressful(stress)．
28．What
was
it
that
made
the
man
feel
so
ashamed(shame)
that
day?
29．The
expert
said
that
the
effect
that
the
Internet
has
on
the
boy
was
very
strong.
30．The
bad
news
made
the
people
present
at
the
meeting
very
disappointed(disappoint)．
31．They
all
said
that
he
achieved
his
aim
more
by
luck
than
by
judgement(judge)．
32．When
he
came
to
himself，he
found
himself
surrounded(surround)
by
a
group
of
boys.
33．It
is
illegal(legal)
to
drive
a
car
when
you
have
drunk
some
wine.
34．The
other
team
is
more
likely
to
win(win)
the
game
this
time.
35．He
took
a
deep
breath，desperately(desperate)
trying
to
keep
calm.
Ⅳ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
36．We
saw
a
truck
with
bananas
and
the
driver
offered
to
give
us
a
lift.
37．The
passengers
would
have
died
if
their
food
and
water
had
been
run
out.
或The
passengers
would
have
died
if
their
food
and
water
had
been
run
out
.
38．The
mother
was
ashamed
her
son’s
bad
behavior
that
night.
39．The
player
was
ill
and
was
unfit
play
in
the
match
on
Saturday.
40.
to
the
Internet，the
boy
did
badly
in
his
exams.
41．Do
you
think
I
should
risk
him
a
letter
this
evening?
42．Working
hard
can
help
us
get
difficult
situations.
43．Only
a
few
soldiers
are
still
fighting
for
.
44.
from
his
appearance，the
man
must
come
from
the
south.
45．I
have
never
felt
more
in
my
life.
Ⅴ.单元语法——用it句型改写下列句子
46．To
remember
this
rule
is
important.
It
is
important
to
remember
this
rule.
47．To
obey
the
rules
to
keep
the
society
in
order
and
people’s
lives
safe
is
everyone’s
responsibility.
It
is
everyone’s
responsibility
to
obey
the
rules
to
keep
the
society
in
order
and
people’s
lives
safe.
48．That
she
should
have
married
a
farmer
is
surprising.
It
is
surprising
that
she
should
have
married
a
farmer.
49．Don’t
you
find
watching
television
too
much
a
waste
of
time?
Don’t
you
find
it
a
waste
of
time
watching
television
too
much?
50．That
his
invention
will
lead
to
the
development
of
production
is
certain.
It
is
certain
that
his
invention
will
lead
to
the
development
of
production.Period
Five Writing—Persuasive
writing：letter
of
advice
本单元的写作要求是写一封劝告信，属于应用文写作范畴。劝告信的目的是让人们的行为更加合理，对达到某一目的或实现某一愿望更加有利。一般说来，劝告比建议语气更重一些，有时还略带几分强制的意味，像“You’d
better...”就属于这一类句型。劝告信可采用“三段式”写法，第一段提出问题；第二段写“三要三不要”；第三段表明自己的看法和期望。
(一)开头常用句式——引出话题
1．I
am
sorry
you
have
had
so
much
trouble
in...
2．You
have
asked
for
my
advice
on...and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions.
(二)主体常用句式——提出建议
1．In
my
opinion，it
would
be
wise
for
you
to
take
the
following
action.
2．First
of
all，...；Meanwhile，...；In
addition，...
3．It’s
important
for
you
to...
4．In
the
first
place，I
would
also
recommend
a
balanced
diet.
5．Why
not
drink
a
little，exercise，stop
smoking
and
eat
more
fruit?
(三)结尾常用句式——提出期望
1．Cheer
up！Your
troubles
will
soon
be
over.
2．Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.
3．Don’t
lose
heart，whatever
happens.
4．I
will
be
very
glad
if
you
find
my
suggestions
useful.
5．Please
let
me
know
if
I
can
help
further.
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友John写信询问你关于如何过低碳生活的有关情况。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封100词左右的回信，建议他也过低碳生活。
1．陈述理由：为什么要过低碳生活？(环境质量日益恶化等)
2．如何过低碳生活？提出至少三条建议。(必要时才开灯；让电器按节能方式运转；坐公交车或骑自行车；限制塑料袋；垃圾分类等)
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：过低碳生活：live
a
low?carbon
life
审题
1．确定体裁：本文为建议信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：主要使用一般现在时。
谋篇
本文可以分为三个部分：
第一部分，点出写建议信的原因。
第二部分，具体可行的建议：正确使用电器；首选公交车或自行车；限制塑料袋；垃圾分类。
第三部分，提出希望。
必备词汇
1．日益恶化go
from
bad
to
worse
2．一种做……的好方法a
good
way
to
do...
3．执行carry
out
4．开灯turn
on
the
lights
5．让……运转keep...
working
6．是某人的首选be
one’s
first
choice
7．排放emission
关键句式
1．过低碳生活是减少温室气体排放的一种好方法。
Living
a
low?carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases.
2．我将用以下几种方法执行我的计划。
I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.
3．只有在必要时，我才会开灯。
I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
only
when
it
is
necessary.
4．为了节省能源，我将让冰箱和空调以低碳模式运转。
I
shall
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low?carbon
mode
to
save
energy.
5．公交车或自行车将是我的首选。
The
bus
or
bicycle
will
be
my
first
choice.
6．当我购物时，我将限制使用塑料袋。
When
I
go
shopping，I
will
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags.
7．只要有可能，我将把垃圾分成不可回收垃圾和可回收垃圾。
Whenever/No
matter
when
it
is
possible，I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non?recyclable
and
recyclable
waste.
句式升级
1．用as引导的原因状语从句连接句1和句2。
As
living
a
low?carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases，I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.
2．用并列连词and连接句3和句4。
I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
only
when
necessary
and
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low?carbon
mode
to
save
energy.
3．用not
only...but
also...且not
only位于句首合并句6和句7。
Not
only
will
I
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags
when
I
go
shopping，but
also
I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non?recyclable
and
recyclable
waste
whenever
possible.
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇100词左右的英语短文。
参考范文
Dear
John，
You
have
asked
for
my
advice
on
how
to
live
a
low?carbon
life
and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions.With
the
environmental
pollution
going
from
bad
to
worse，I
sincerely
suggest
to
all
that
we
should
live
a
low?carbon
life
today.
As
living
a
low?carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases，I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.To
begin
with，I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
when
necessary
and
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low?carbon
mode
to
save
energy.Additionally，the
bus
or
bicycle
will
be
my
first
choice.Last
but
not
least，not
only
will
I
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags
when
shopping，but
also
I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non?recyclable
and
recyclable
waste
whenever
possible.
I
hope
that
you
will
join
in
the
activity.
Yours，
Li
Hua(共44张PPT)
A
healthy
life
Unit
3
PART
1
基础自测
PART
2
互动探究
PART
3
达标检测
Period
Two Warming
Up
&
Reading—Language
points
PART
1
基础自测
默写练习(一)
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
1.alcohol
n.
_________
2.fitness
n.
_____
3.obesity
n.
__________________
4.ban
vt.
____________
n.
___________
5.due
adj.
_______________________
6.addicted
adj.
___________________
7.nicotine
n.
_______
8.automatic
adj.
_________________
查看答案
酒；酒精
健康
(过度)肥胖；肥胖症
禁止；取缔
禁令；谴责
欠款的；预定的；到期的
入了迷的；上了瘾的
尼古丁
无意识的；自动的
9.lung
n.
___
10.pregnant
adj.
_______
11.abnormal
adj.
_______________
12.resolve
n.
____________
13.packet
n.
___________
14.chemist
n.
_______________
prehension
n.
_________
查看答案
肺
怀孕的
畸形的；异常的
决心；决定
小包；小盒
药剂师；化学家
理解(力)
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)
16.
n.&
vt.
滥用；虐待
17.
n.
压力；重音
vt.
加压力于；使紧张；强调
→
adj.
产生压力的；紧张的
18.
adj.
困难的；强硬的
19.
n.
青少年
adj.
青春期的
→
n.
青春期
20.
vt.
使习惯于
→
adj.
惯常的；习惯了的
abuse
stress
stressful
adolescence
adolescent
tough
accustom
accustomed
查看答案
21.
n.
收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程
→
v.
收回；撤退
22.
adj.
精神的；智力的
23.
vt.
停止(做某事)；离开
24.
n.
结果；努力
→
adj.
有效的；有影响的
→
vt.
影响
25.
adj.
气喘吁吁的；屏息的
26.
adj.
不健康的；不合适的；不合格的
查看答案
withdrawal
withdraw
mental
effective
effect
quit
affect
unfit
breathless
27.
vt.
加强；巩固；使坚强
vi.
变强
→
n.
力量
28.
adj.
绝望的；拼命的
29.
adj.
失望的；沮丧的
→
n.
失望
→
adj.
令人失望的
30.
adj.
感到惭愧或羞耻的
→
adj.
可耻的
查看答案
desperate
disappointed
disappointment
shameful
disappointing
ashamed
strength
strengthen
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
31.由于……
______
32.对……有瘾
_____________
33.习惯于……
_______________
34.对……作出决定
_________
35.想要(做)……
______________
36.give
up
___________
37.再三地；反复地
___________________
38.对……造成伤害/损伤
_______________
39.throw
away
___________
40.instead
of
_____________
due
to
be
addicted
to
be
accustomed
to
decide
on
feel
like
(doing)
放弃；戒掉
over
and
over
again
do
damage
to...
查看答案
扔掉；拋弃
代替；而不是
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题7分，满分35分)
41.
at
my
age
I
am
still
fit
enough
to
cycle
20
kilometres
in
an
afternoon.
这好像很惊奇吧，在我这样的年纪，仍然身体足够健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20千米。
42.Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
.
你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。
查看答案
It
seems
amazing
that
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up
43.I
believed
I
was
happier
and
more
relaxed
,
so
I
began
to
think
that
I
could
only
feel
good
when
I
smoked.
我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。
44.I
do
hope
so
because
I
want
you
to
live
.
我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
45.It
is
not
easy
to
stop
smoking,
but
millions
have
managed
to
quit
and
_______
.
戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。
查看答案
after
having
a
cigarette
as
long
and
healthy
a
life
as
I
have
so
can
you
PART
2
互动探究
探究重点
互动撞击思维
stress
n.压力；重音；重要性(on...)；vt.加压力于；使紧张；强调
1
※lay/place/put
stress
on
sth.
强调某事；给某物压力
under
stress在压力下
stress
out过度劳累；紧张
※stressed
adj.焦虑不安的，心力交瘁的
※stressful
adj.压力重的；紧张的
重点词汇
(1)Dickens
is
compared
with
the
Mona
Lisa
in
the
text
to
stress
his
importance
in
literature.(2018·浙江)
文章中把狄更斯和名画《蒙娜丽莎》相比就是为了强调狄更斯在文学中的重要地位。
(2)I’ve
been
really
stressed
out
at
work
recently.
最近我真觉得工作压力很大。
(3)We
all
know
that
nowadays
most
students
are
.
我们都知道，现在大多数学生压力都很大。
查看答案
under
great
stress
[单句改错]
(4)For
most
of
the
girls，it
is
a
stressed
job.
(5)The
students
in
China
often
feel
stressful
when
facing
so
many
exams.
查看答案
stressful
stressed
?ban
vt.禁止；取缔；n.谴责；禁令
2
Do
you
think
smoking
should
be
banned？你认为应该禁止吸烟吗？
※ban
doing
sth.
禁止做某事
ban
sb.
from
doing
sth.
禁止某人做某事
※a
ban
on
sth.
关于某事的禁令
(1)In
my
opinion，taking
cellphones
with
the
students
should
not
be
banned，but
limited
to
certain
areas.
依我看，学生带手机不该被禁止，但应该被限制在某些区域。
(2)They
in
the
river.
他们被禁止在河里游泳。
(3)The
law
bans
(sell)
alcohol
to
those
under
18
in
the
country.
在那个国家法律禁止卖酒给18岁以下的人。
[单句改错]
(4)The
manager
has
declared
a
ban
about
smoking
in
theatres.
查看答案
are
banned
from
swimming
selling
on
?due
to由于
3
I
think
my
long
and
active
life
must
be
due
to
the
healthy
life
I
live.
我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。
be
due
to
do
sth.
预期做某事，预计做某事
be
due
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
/sb.
归因于某事/归因于做某事/应归于某人
查看答案
(1)The
reason
why
someone
is
triggered
by
something
and
others
are
not
is
often
due
to
one’s
personal
history
and
psychological
traits.(2018·北京)
有的人容易被某些事情激怒，而有的人不容易被激怒，原因归结于个人的过往经历和心理特点。
(2)The
train
is
due
(arrive)
at
5
o’clock.
火车预计在5点到达。
[单句改错]
(3)Have
they
been
paid
the
money
that
due
to
them?
to
arrive
∧
is
You
see，during
adolescence
I
also
smoked
and
became
addicted
to
cigarettes.你知道，当我十几岁的时候，也吸过烟，而且还上了烟瘾。
?addicted
adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
4
※be/become
addicted
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动
※addict
vt.使……沉溺/上瘾；n.入迷的人；有瘾的人
addict
oneself
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动
(1)Learning
that
you
are
addicted
to
table
tennis,
I
am
writing
to
sincerely
invite
you
to
join
the
table
tennis
team
in
our
school.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
了解到你着迷于乒乓球，我现在写信真诚地邀请你参加我们学校的乒乓球队。
(2)She
is
a
TV
addict
and
watches
as
much
as
she
can.
她是个电视迷，看起电视没完没了。
(3)He
games.
他沉迷于打游戏。
查看答案
addicted
himself
to
playing
[一句多译]
(4)这个男孩沉迷于电脑游戏，所以考试失败了。
①The
boy
computer
games，so
he
failed
in
the
exam.(并列句)
②
computer
games，the
boy
failed
in
the
exam.(非谓语动词作状语)
查看答案
was
addicted
to
Addicted
to
?accustomed
adj.习惯的，通常的
5
This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。
※be/become/get
accustomed
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
习惯于(做)某事
※accustom
v.使习惯于，使适应
accustom
oneself/sb.
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
使……习惯于(做)某事
(1)You
will
soon
get
accustomed
to
the
life
without
the
Internet
here.
你将会很快习惯这里没有网络的生活。
(2)It
took
a
while
for
me
to
accustom
myself
to
all
the
new
rules.
我用了好一会儿才使自己适应所有的新制度。
(3)
(accustom)
to
climbing
the
deep
mountains，he
had
no
difficulty
reaching
the
top.
习惯于爬陡峭的山，所以他毫不费力就到达了山顶。
[单句改错]
(4)I’m
not
accustomed
to
get
up
so
early.
Accustomed
查看答案
getting
?effect
n.影响；结果；效力
6
When
I
was
young，I
didn’t
know
much
about
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害性我知道的并不多。
※have
an
effect
on/upon对……有影响
in
effect实际上；在实施中，有效
come
into
effect生效；开始实施
take
effect起作用
※effective
adj.有效果的
※effectively
adv.有效地；生效地
(1)In
effect，he
didn’t
like
the
new
film
at
all.
实际上，他根本不喜欢这部新电影。
(2)Do
you
know
when
the
new
traffic
rules
？
你知道新交规是什么时候生效的吗？
(3)The
government
will
take
some
(effect)
measures
to
deal
with
it.
政府会采取有效的措施来处理它。
(4)Ordinary
soap，used
correctly，can
deal
with
bacteria
(effect).
(2018·北京)
普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，可以有效地消除细菌。
查看答案
came
into
effect
effective
effectively
[单句改错]
(5)Reading
in
the
sun
has
a
bad
effect
to
your
eyesight.
(6)The
villagers
hope
that
the
new
law
will
take
an
effect
soon.
查看答案
on/upon
?feel
like
(doing)
sth.
想要(做)某事
7
Every
time
you
feel
like
smoking
a
cigarette，remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。
feel
like
(doing)
sth.
＝would
like
(to
do)
sth.
想要(做)某事
feel
like摸上去像……；感觉像是……
(1)The
table
feels
like
plastic，not
wood.
这张桌子摸上去像是塑料的，不像木头的。
(2)He
a
faithful
believer
before
this
learned
scholar.
在这个知识渊博的学者面前，他感觉就像是一个忠诚的信徒。
[句型转换]
(3)Generally
speaking，my
son
would
like
to
eat
some
bread
in
the
morning.
→Generally
speaking，my
son
some
bread
in
the
morning.
查看答案
feels
like
feels
like
eating
?desperate
adj.绝望的；拼命的
8
If
you
feel
desperate，you
might
like
to
talk
to
a
doctor
or
chemist
about
something
to
help
you，like
nicotine
chewing
gum.如果你的确感到没办法，你还可以去找一位医生或药剂师谈谈，帮你想点办法，如含尼古丁的口香糖等。
※be
desperate
for极想要……/渴望得到……
be
desperate
to
do
sth.
极想做某事
※desperately
adv.绝望地
(1)The
player
was
desperate
for
the
gold
medal，but
he
failed.
这个运动员极度渴望获得金牌，但他未能如愿。
(2)Perhaps
each
of
us
has
moments
in
our
lives
that
we
are
desperate
___
(search)
for
something
everywhere
but
it
is
just
under
our
noses.
在我们的生活中，也许我们每个人都会有这样的时刻——我们拼命地到处找某个东西，但是它就在我们的面前(我们却看不见)。
(3)He
cut
(desperate)
at
the
rope
in
an
attempt
to
free
his
foot.
他绝望地割绳子，试图把脚解放出来。
查看答案
to
search
desperately
?ashamed
adj.羞耻的；惭愧的；尴尬的
9
If
you
weaken
and
have
a
cigarette，do
not
feel
ashamed.如果你意志衰弱而又抽烟了，也不要觉得难为情。
※be
ashamed
of...为……而感到羞耻
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
羞于/耻于做某事
be
ashamed
that...对……感到羞愧
※shame
n.羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
It’s
a
shame
that...……真让人遗憾。
What
a
shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)She
was
ashamed
of
being
late
for
such
an
important
meeting.
她为在这么重要的会议上迟到而感到丢人。
(2)I
was
ashamed
that
I
failed
in
the
exam
again.
我因考试又失败了而感到惭愧。
(3)She
was
ashamed
(ask)
such
a
simple
question.
她不好意思提这么简单的问题。
(4)It
is
shame
that
you
have
missed
the
nice
beginning
of
the
film.
你错过了这部电影精彩的开头，真是遗憾。
查看答案
to
ask
a
When
I
was
taken
off
the
school
football
team
because
I
was
unfit，I
knew
it
was
time
to
quit
smoking.当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我才知道自己是时候戒烟了。
1
经典句式
It’s
(high/about)
time
for
sb.
to
do
sth.
＝It
is
(high/about)
time
that
sb.
did/should
do
sth.
是某人该做某事的时候了。
It’s
some
time
since...做某事有多长时间了。
It
is/was
the
first/second/...time
that...某人第一/二/……次……(that从句中谓语动词用完成时态)
It
was
some
time
before...过多久就……
It
will
be
some
time
before...过多久才……
(1)Before
I
knew
it
an
hour
had
passed
and
it
was
time
to
move
on
to
lunch.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
不知不觉一个小时过去了，到了吃午餐的时间了。
(2)It
is
30
years
since
he
joined
the
army.
他参军已有30年了。
(3)It
will
be
three
days
he
comes
back.
要过三天他才能回来。
(4)It
is
the
first
time
that
the
girl
(see)
an
elephant.
这是女孩第一次见到大象。
查看答案
has
seen
before
[一句多译]
(5)是我们该采取措施保护环境的时候了。
①It
is
high
time
measures
to
protect
the
environment.(简单句)
②It
is
high
time
that
measures
to
protect
the
environment.
(复合句)
查看答案
for
us
to
take
we
took/should
take
※本句是一个主从复合句。every
time在句中引导时间状语从句；主句中含
有that引导的宾语从句。
※时间状语从句通常由when，while，as，before，after，as
soon
as
等
从属连词引导，但有时也可由every
time，each
time，the
moment，the
day等引导，此时这类词或词组就相当于一个从属连词。
2
Every
time
you
feel
like
smoking
a
cigarette，remind
yourself
that
you
are
a
non-smoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。
(1)The
moment
she
heard
the
news，she
felt
like
crying.
她一听到这个消息，就想哭。
(2)She
set
about
cleaning
the
room
she
got
home.
她一到家就开始打扫房间。
[单句改错]
(3)I
thought
the
girl
honest
the
first
time
when
I
met
her.
as
soon
as
查看答案
PART
3
达标检测
当堂检测
基础达标演练
1.Many
kids
become
addicted
to
(surf)
the
Net,
so
they
have
lost
interest
in
study.
2.
(accustom)
to
drinking
a
cup
of
coffee
every
morning,
I
feel
refreshed.
3.In
the
north
of
India，the
population
was
booming
due
high
birth
rates.
4.The
new
advertisement
rules
came
effect
last
month.
5.He
looked
around
(desperate)
for
someone
to
help
him.
6.There
should
be
a
ban
talking
loudly
in
cinemas.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
查看答案
surfing
Accustomed
to
into
desperately
on
7.I’m
(shame)
that
I
wasted
many
hours
when
I
should
have
studied
in
class.
8.She
really
feels
like
(have)
a
talk
with
him
about
his
study
at
school.
9.Janet’s
been
a
lot
of
stress
since
her
mother’s
illness.
10.It’s
high
time
that
we
(stress)
the
importance
of
having
a
healthy
lifestyle.
查看答案
ashamed
having
under
stressed/should
stress
11.
I
haven’t
passed
the
exam
this
time.
说起来惭愧，我没能通过这次考试。
12.I
loved
this
movie
and
.
我喜欢这部电影，我所有的朋友也喜欢。
13.
，she
always
argues
back.
每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。
Ⅱ.完成句子
I’m
ashamed
to
say
so
did
all
my
friends
Every
time
I
express
an
opinion
查看答案
14.As
is
known
to
us
all，reading
books
of
traditional
culture
can
____________
.
众所周知，阅读传统文化的书籍会对儿童有良好的影响。
15.They
a
foreign
language.
他们发现要掌握一门外语很困难。
查看答案
have
a
good
effect
on
the
children
find
it
hard
to
master(共11张PPT)
单元知识回顾——默写练习(三)
Unit
3 A
healthy
life
Ⅰ.单元知识回顾(共30小题；每题2分，满分60分)
1.写出与stress有关的短语
(1)强调某事；给某物压力________________________
(2)在压力下____________
(3)过度劳累；紧张_________
2.写出与ban有关的短语
(1)禁止做某事_____________
(2)禁止某人做某事_____________________
(3)关于某事的禁令____________
查看答案
lay/place/put
stress
on
sth.
under
stress
stress
out
ban
doing
sth.
ban
sb.
from
doing
sth.
a
ban
on
sth.
3.沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动_________________________________
4.写出与effect有关的短语
(1)对……有影响_____________________
(2)实际上；在实施中，有效________
(3)生效；开始实施________________
(4)起作用__________
5.想要(做)某事______________________________________
be/become
addicted
to
sth.
/doing
sth.
have
an
effect
on/upon
in
effect
come
into
effect
take
effect
feel
like(doing)
sth.
＝would
like(to
do)
sth.
查看答案
6.写出与desperate有关的短语
(1)极想要……/渴望得到……_______________
(2)极想做某事____________________
7.写出与ashamed有关的短语
(1)为……而感到羞耻_______________
(2)羞于/耻于做某事____________________
8.写出与risk有关的短语
(1)冒险_______________
(2)冒着……的风险___________________
(3)处境危险；遭受危险_______
(4)冒险(做)……；冒着……的风险_______________
查看答案
be
desperate
for
be
desperate
to
do
sth.
be
ashamed
of...
be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
take
risks/a
risk
at
the
risk
of
doing...
at
risk
risk
(doing)
sth.
9.写出与get
有关的短语
(1)陷入；染上(坏习惯)________
(2)逃脱惩罚____________
(3)开始认真做____________
(4)通过；完成____________
10.写出与survive有关的短语
(1)仅靠……维持生计____________
(2)比某人多活……______________
查看答案
get
into
get
away
with
get
down
to
get
through
survive
on...
survive
sb.
by...
11.写出与judge有关的短语
(1)在某人看来___________________
(2)根据……判断_________________
12.写出与embarrass有关的短语
(1)对做某事感到尴尬__________________________
(2)对……感到难为情/不知所措____________________________
查看答案
in
one’s
judgement
judging
from/by...
be/feel
embarrassed
to
do
sth.
be/feel
embarrassed
about/at...
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)
13.I
seem
to
lose
something
.
我好像每次旅行都会丢东西。
14.
，failure
is
the
mother
of
success.
正如我们所知，失败是成功之母。
15.You
may
to
have
sports.
你可能会发现找到足够的时间去锻炼非常难。
查看答案
every
time
I
travel
As
we
all
know
find
it
very
difficult
to
have
enough
time
16.
I
realized
I
had
left
my
ticket
at
home.
正是当我到达电影院之时，我才意识到我把票忘在家里了。
17.
we
hold
a
meeting
to
talk
about
the
problem?
你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？
查看答案
It
was
when
I
arrived
at
the
cinema
that
When
do
you
suggest
Ⅲ.知识运用于语境(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
Let’s
Help
Adolescents
Whether
they
are
male
or
female，adolescents
feel
like
deciding
on
everything
themselves
in
spite
of
parents’
instruction,
18.
(especial)
when
they
face
problems
like
sex，mental
stress，etc.,
19.
make
them
feel
ashamed
and
embarrassed.Thus
they
often
automatically
get
into
trouble
due
to
their
20.
(perfect)
comprehension
and
judgement.Some
21.
(addict)
to
cigarettes，only
several
packets
22.
which
will
hurt
their
lungs
and
make
them
breathless
quickly.Others
can’t
quit
drinking
alcohol，
查看答案
especially
which
imperfect
are
addicted
of
whose
harmful
effects
include
causing
young
pregnant
women
to
abort
or
give
birth
to
23.
(normal)
babies.The
worst
is
drug
abuse，for
the
24.
(withdraw)
is
tough
once
their
bodies
are
accustomed
to
the
drugs.Meanwhile，those
who
share
needles
bought
from
illegal
chemists
are
at
great
risk
of
25.
(infect)
with
desperate
AIDS.If
so，neither
26.
(inject)
nor
taking
pills
can
guarantee
their
survival.
However，don’t
be
disappointed
at
or
have
prejudice
against
our
children
so
easily.After
all，being
awkward
is
an
appendix
of
youth.As
long
27.
we
strengthen
communication
with
them
instead
of
only
banning
this
or
banning
that，we
will
surely
help
them
avoid
anything
unfit.
查看答案
abnormal
withdrawal
injecting
being
infected
asCurrent
Attitudes
Towards
Physical
Fitness
Recently
we
were
told
by
a
student
that
setting
aside
time
for
improving
his
physical
fitness
would
be
a
total
misuse
of
his
working
hours.He
tried
to
convince
us
that
he
would
be
no
better
served
by
a
fitness
program
than
by
learning
to
play
bridge.The
college
and
his
preparations
for
a
career
were
his
only
purposes.This
student’s
opinion
is
one
of
the
many
feelings
that
people
hold
about
their
personal
involvement
in
a
physical
fitness
program.Many
people，including
college
students
of
all
ages，spend
little
time
on
physical
fitness
program.There
are
various
reasons.However，what
about
the
majority(大多数)
who
could
do
much
more
but
do
so
little？Does
one
of
the
following
statements
sound
like
you?
“I
know
it’s
important，but
I
just
don’t
have
time
right
now.”
“I’m
already
fit，and
with
my
schedule，I’ll
have
no
difficulty
staying
that
way.”
If
one
of
the
following
comments
fits
you，perhaps
you
are
failing
to
see
the
broader
values
of
maintaining(维持)
a
high
level
of
physical
fitness.
“Everyone
in
the
dorm
runs
at
night.That’s
why
I
run.”
“This
weekend
will
be
cool
and
nice.Saturday
looks
like
a
good
day
for
a
personal
record.”
If
you
see
your
own
attitude
represented
by
one
of
the
comments(评论)，we
would
suggest
that
you
reexamine
your
approach
to
fitness
and
its
ability
to
positively
influence
other
aspects
of
your
life.Keep
in
mind
that
all
people
are
different
and
some
may
progress
faster
than
others.In
the
final
analysis，we
think
that
although
fitness
will
not
guarantee(保证)
that
you
will
live
longer，it
can
help
you
enjoy
the
years
you
do
live.
判断正(T)误(F)
1．It
doesn’t
matter
whether
we
set
aside
time
for
our
fitness.(F)
2．Everyone
spends
some
time
getting
physical
fitness.(F)
Period
One Warming
Up
&
Reading—Pre?reading
匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思
[第一组]
1．abuse A．n.青少年；adj.青春期的
2．stress
B．n.&
vt.滥用；虐待
3．adolescent
C．vt.禁止；取缔；n.禁令
4．ban
D．n.压力；重音
5．due
E．adj.欠款的；到期的
答案 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.E
[第二组]
6．tough
A．adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的
7．addicted
B．adj.无意识的；自动的
8．withdrawal
C．adj.惯常的；习惯了的
9．automatic
D．adj.困难的；强硬的
10．accustomed
E．n.收回；撤退；戒毒过程
答案 6.D 7.A 8.E 9.B 10.C
[第三组]
11．mental A．adj.畸形的；异常的
12．unfit
B．n.结果；效力
13．effect
C．adj.精神的；智力的
14．abnormal
D．vt.停止；离开
15．quit
E．adj.不健康的；不合适的
答案 11.C 12.E 13.B 14.A 15.D
[第四组]
16．desperate
A．adj.失望的；沮丧的
17．disappointed
B．vt.加强；巩固
18．ashamed
C．n.理解(力)
19．comprehension
D．adj.绝望的；拼命的
20．strengthen
E．adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的
答案 16.D 17.A 18.E 19.C 20.B
Skim
the
passage
and
do
the
following
exercises.
1．What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
first
part?
A．The
grandfather
lives
a
healthy
life
because
of
his
quitting
smoking.
B．The
three
ways
of
becoming
addicted
to
smoking.
C．The
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
D．A
letter
explaining
how
a
smoker
becomes
addicted
to
cigarettes
and
why
he
should
give
them
up.
答案 D
2．What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
second
part?
A．Advice
on
how
to
stop
smoking.
B．How
to
prepare
yourself.
C．Suggestions
on
breaking
the
habit
of
smoking.
D．Millions
have
managed
to
quit
smoking
and
so
can
you.
答案 A
3．Find
out
the
main
idea
(or
topic
sentence)
of
each
paragraph.
Para.1 A．Grandad
talks
about
James’
problem
of
smoking.
Para.2 B．The
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
Para.3 C．Grandad
tells
about
the
life
he
is
living
and
the
importance
of
a
healthy
life.
Para.4 D．Grandad’s
hope
for
James
and
his
advice
on
stopping
smoking.
Para.5 E．The
three
different
ways
of
becoming
addicted
to
smoking.
Para.1：C Para.2：A Para.3：E Para.4：B Para.5：D
Read
the
passage
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．Why
did
James’
grandfather
write
to
James?
A．Because
he
wanted
to
tell
James
his
experience.
B．Because
he
wanted
to
tell
James
the
harmful
effects
of
smoking.
C．Because
he
wanted
to
help
James
give
up
smoking.
D．Because
he
wanted
to
help
James
get
some
information.
答案 C
2．In
what
way
did
grandad
try
to
persuade
James?
A．By
using
scientific
theory.
B．By
sharing
his
own
experience.
C．By
sharing
his
sports
activity.
D．By
telling
him
his
failure
in
love.
答案 B
3．According
to
the
letter，James’
grandad
.
A．didn’t
give
up
smoking
B．used
to
be
a
member
of
the
school
football
team
C．is
lonely
D．wrote
down
the
advice
from
his
experience
答案 B
4．Which
is
NOT
the
effect
of
smoking?
A．Causing
terrible
damage
to
heart
and
lungs.
B．Affecting
the
health
of
non?smokers.
C．Making
the
clothes
turn
yellow.
D．Not
enjoying
sport.
答案 C
5．The
following
statements
are
true
EXCEPT
that
.
A．James’
grandfather
was
tired
when
returning
from
a
long
bike
ride
B．there
are
three
ways
a
person
can
become
addicted
to
smoking
C．keeping
your
hands
busy
will
help
stop
smoking
D．some
people
have
to
try
several
times
before
quitting
smoking
答案 A
After
reading
the
passage，please
fill
in
the
following
blanks.
It’s
easy
for
you
to
start
smoking，but
1.once
you
become
addicted
to
it，you
may
find
2.it
difficult
for
you
to
quit.Firstly，you
may
become
3.physically(physics)
addicted
to
nicotine.
Secondly，you
may
develop
the
habit
of
smoking
and
finally
become
mentally
addicted
4.to
it.Smoking
may
have
all
kinds
of
5.harmful(harm)
effects
on
the
health
of
both
the
smokers
themselves
and
non?smokers
around
them.It
not
only
affects
your
physical
fitness，but
also
6.does(do)
harm
to
your
heart
and
lungs
and
causes
a
variety
of
diseases.So，it’s
important
that
one
quit
smoking
and
live
a
healthier
life.
7．To
quit(quit)
smoking，you
should
be
well?prepared
and
make
a
list
of
all
the
benefits
you
may
get
from
quitting.8.Doing(do)
something
else
like
going
for
a
walk，cleaning
the
house
may
distract
your
attention
and
help
you
to
forget
your
need
for
a
cigarette.But
if
you
really
feel
bad，you
should
consult
9.a
doctor
or
chemist
to
get
some
professional
help.Remember，if
you
keep
trying，you
will
10.eventually(eventual)
succeed.
1．Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
[句式分析] 本句为主从复合句，that引导的宾语从句作tells的宾语，在that从句中and
连接两个并列分句，其中在后一分句中“finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up”为“find＋it＋adj.＋to
do
sth.”结构，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语to
give
it
up，形容词difficult作宾语补足语。
[自主翻译] 你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。
2．Believe
me，I
know
how
easy
it
is
to
begin
smoking
and
how
tough
it
is
to
stop.
[句式分析] 本句中believe
me作插入语，know后跟了两个how引导的宾语从句，其句式为“how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。
[自主翻译] 相信我吧，我知道开始吸烟是多么容易而戒烟是多么困难。
3．I
believed
I
was
happier
and
more
relaxed
after
having
a
cigarette,
so
I
began
to
think
that
I
could
only
feel
good
when
I
smoked.
[句式分析] 本句是一个由so连接的表因果的并列句。I
believed后为省略从属连词that的宾语从句，after
having
a
cigarette作时间状语。在第二个分句中，that
I
could
only
feel
good作think的宾语；when
I
smoked为时间状语从句。
[自主翻译] 我那时认为，抽了一支烟后就会感到更轻松愉快，于是我就开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。
4．It
is
not
easy
to
stop
smoking,
but
millions
have
managed
to
quit
and
so
can
you.
[句式分析] 此句是由but连接的并列句，其中第二个分句又是由and连接的并列句，其中的so
can
you是倒装结构，即“so＋情态动词＋另一主语”结构。此结构中除了用情态动词之外，还可以用助动词或be动词。
[自主翻译] 戒烟不容易，但几百万的人已经成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The
effect
of
drinking
coffee
on
health
has
long
been
a
subject
of
conflict
and
uncertainty.
Since
the
1980s，some
have
spoken
out
against
coffee
as
harmful
to
health，while
others
have
welcomed
coffee
for
its
supposed
benefits
to
health.
According
to
a
scientific
report，mild
coffee
consumption，three
to
five
cups
per
day，can
be
taken
as
a
healthy
dietary
pattern，along
with
other
healthful
behaviors.The
report
also
says
that
coffee
consumption
helps
reduce
the
risk
of
heart
disease
and
it
protects
against
Parkinson’s
disease.
According
to
Dr.Donald
Hensrud
of
Mayo
Clinic，high
consumption
of
coffee
has
health
risks.Dr.Hensrud
mentions
the
dangers
of
high
coffee
consumption
for
people
with
a
certain
illness
that
slows
the
breakdown
of
caffeine
in
the
body.Some
studies
said
that
drinking
two
or
more
cups
of
coffee
daily
can
actually
increase
the
risk
of
heart
disease
in
these
people.
According
to
conclusions
from
a
recent
study
led
by
Dr.Gregory
Marcus，a
doctor
from
the
University
of
California
San
Francisco，daily
moderate
consumption
of
caffeine，less
than
4
cups，is
not
associated
with
these
issues.
Until
the
scientific
community
reaches
a
general
agreement
on
the
effects
of
coffee
consumption
on
human
health，it
will
be
up
to
the
individual
to
decide
whether
the
benefits
of
drinking
coffee
are
greater
than
the
risks.
When
informed
of
these
possible
health
benefits
and
harms
of
drinking
coffee，Harwood，a
high
school
student
stated，“Even
though
there
might
be
some
negative
effects
of
drinking
coffee，for
the
most
part，coffee
drinking
sounds
good
for
health.Not
to
mention
I
need
coffee
to
stay
awake.”
语篇解读 本文讲述的是每天饮用适量的咖啡对身体有益，过度饮用咖啡则会对身体健康造成危害，并引发一些疾病。
1．What
is
people’s
attitude
towards
the
effect
of
coffee
on
health
according
to
Paragraph
1?
A．Disapproving.
B．Tolerant.
C．Doubtful.
D．Mixed.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，一些人抵制，认为咖啡有害健康；而另外一些人则支持，认为咖啡对健康有益，由此可判断出，人们的观点是好坏兼有的。
2．What
does
the
underlined
word
“moderate”
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean?
A．Personal.
B．Slight.
C．Reasonable.
D．Heavy.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“three
to
five
cups
per
day，can
be
taken
as
a
healthy
dietary
pattern，along
with
other
healthful
behaviors”可知，每天3～5杯咖啡，被认为是健康的，再结合画线词所在句中的“less
than
4
cups，is
not
associated
with
these
issues”可判断出，少于4杯属于适量摄入，故moderate的意思应该是“适量的，合理的”。
3．What
can
we
infer
about
Harwood?
A．He’ll
keep
on
drinking
coffee.
B．He
loves
his
high
school
life.
C．He
often
falls
asleep
in
class.
D．He
has
some
health
problems.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中哈伍德所说的话可知，大多数情况下，喝咖啡对健康有好处。更不用说，他需要咖啡来保持清醒。由此可以推断出，哈伍德还会继续喝咖啡。
4．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．People’s
Love
for
Coffee
B．Coffee’s
Effect
on
Health
C．The
Culture
of
Coffee
Drinking
D．The
New
Findings
of
Heart
Disease
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述的是咖啡对人体健康的影响。适量饮用咖啡对身体有益，过度则影响身心健康。
B
Soda(苏打汽水),
while
sweet
and
inexpensive,
may
not
be
worth
drinking.Sugary
drinks
can
have
many
bad
health
effects,
including
a
26%
greater
risk
of
diabetes(糖尿病)
for
regular
soda
drinkers.And
men
drinking
one
can
of
sugary
drinks
per
day
have
a
20%
higher
risk
of
having
or
dying
from
a
heart
attack
than
those
who
rarely
drink
them.The
health
effects
of
drinking
soda
also
affect
pre?school
children,
heightening
their
chances
of
becoming
obese
at
a
very
young
age.According
to
Harvard
School
of
Public
Health,
one
in
three
children
in
America
are
obese
or
overweight,
and
childhood
obesity
has
tripled(增至三倍)
in
the
last
30
years.Should
government
get
people
to
reduce
their
drinking
of
soda
and
sugary
drinks
due
to
health
effects?
People
in
San
Francisco
were
given
the
opportunity
to
voice
their
opinion
on
Proposition
E,
which
suggested
a
soda
tax(税)．The
tax,
which
needed
to
pass
with
a
two?thirds
majority,
would
have
provided
money
for
health
and
physical
education
programs,
and
the
hope
was
that
it
would
also
discourage
citizens
from
buying
unhealthy
drinks.Although
San
Francisco’s
Proposition
E
failed
to
be
passed，Berkeley
citizens
succeeded
in
passing
the
nation’s
first
ever
sugary
drink
tax
on
their
similar
Measure
D.
People
who
were
for
the
tax
hoped
that
the
price
of
sugary
drinks
would
discourage
people
from
buying
them.Mexico
recently
introduced
a
tax
on
drinks,
which,
though
not
well
received
by
the
public,
was
successful
in
reducing
the
amount
of
soda
bought.After
the
tax
was
put
into
effect,
Mexico’s
biggest
soda
production
company’s
sales
dropped
by
6.4%.
People
who
were
against
the
tax
were
concerned
about
their
right
to
buy
whatever
drinks
they
wanted,
without
any
additional
taxes.Those
who
also
disagreed
were
the
market,
the
bar,
and
soda
industries,
which
would
possibly
lose
money
from
reduced
sales
of
these
drinks
because
of
the
added
cost.And
although
the
Proposition
E
tax
money
was
supposed
to
go
to
city?operated
programs,
some
citizens
were
doubtful
about
how
well
this
plan
would
have
been
carried
out.
语篇解读 本文是议论文。饮用碳酸饮料对健康有很多不利的影响，政府是否应该向碳酸饮料征税呢？
5．Harvard
School
of
Public
Health
found
that
in
America
.
A．soda
drinkers
doubled
in
recent
30
years
B．26%
of
children
are
suffering
from
diabetes
C．the
number
of
obese
children
has
increased
greatly
D．young
soda
drinkers
often
suffer
from
heart
attacks
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第一段中的“one
in
three
children
in
America
are
obese
or
overweight,
and
childhood
obesity
has
tripled(增至三倍)
in
the
last
30
years”可知，哈佛公共卫生学院发现美国有三分之一的儿童肥胖或超重，而在过去的三十年中，肥胖儿童的数量增长了三倍。
6．What
do
we
know
about
Proposition
E?
A．San
Francisco
citizens
accepted
it.
B．It
was
passed
successfully
in
Berkeley.
C．It
aimed
to
reduce
the
sales
of
sugary
drinks.
D．It
was
meant
to
raise
money
for
poor
children.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第二段中的“the
hope
was
that
it
would
also
discourage
citizens
from
buying
unhealthy
drinks”可知，对碳酸饮料征税，其目的是为了劝人们不要购买不健康的饮料。
7．According
to
the
text,
the
tax
in
Mexico
.
A．helped
prevent
people
buying
sugary
drinks
B．greatly
reduced
the
production
of
soda
drinks
C．received
a
warm
welcome
from
the
local
citizens
D．forced
many
soda
production
companies
to
close
down
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“was
successful
in
reducing
the
amount
of
soda
bought...sales
dropped
by
6.4%”可知，墨西哥实施的饮料税收成功降低了碳酸饮料的销量(即帮助阻止人们购买含糖饮料)。
8．Those
who
were
against
the
tax
worried
that
it
might
.
A．not
be
carried
out
smoothly
B．affect
their
rights
and
interests
C．fail
to
achieve
the
expected
goal
D．do
no
good
to
society
or
the
economy
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。由最后一段前两句“People
who
were
against
the
tax
were
concerned
about
their
right
to
buy
whatever
drinks...additional
taxes...which
would
possibly
lose
money
from
reduced
sales
of
these
drinks
because
of
the
added
cost.”可知，反对征税的人担忧税收会损害他们的权利和利益。
C
There
have
always
been
a
lot
of
commonly
believed
but
false
ideas
about
being
fat
and
doing
exercise.Some
people
believe
that
they
can’t
help
putting
on
weight
as
they
get
older，while
others
hold
that
if
they
stop
exercising，their
muscles
will
turn
into
fat.Here
are
some
more
myths：
I’ll
never
lose
weight—I
come
from
a
fat
family.
Wrong！While
we
can’t
change
the
body
type
we
are
born
with，we
can’t
blame
our
genes
for
making
us
fat.There’s
plenty
of
evidence
that
fatness
runs
in
families，and
the
main
reason
is
that
they
share
the
same
habits
of
eating
too
much
and
exercising
too
little.
I
am
fat
because
I
burn
calories
slowly.
Wrong！Fatness
is
not
caused
by
a
slow
metabolism(新陈代谢)．In
fact，although
fat
people
consume(消耗)
more
energy
than
slim
people，they
also
fail
to
realize
how
much
they
eat！Keeping
a
diary
can
help
you
work
out
your
daily
food
intake
more
accurately.
Exercise
is
boring.
Wrong！Anything
will
become
boring
if
you
do
it
repetitively.The
key
is
to
develop
a
balanced
and
varied(多样的)
program
that’s
fun
as
well
as
progressive.If
you
enjoy
a
Sunday
walk，take
a
different
route.If
you
do
yoga，try
a
tai
chi
class.If
you
like
swimming，set
yourself
a
distance
or
time
challenge.
No
pain，no
gain.
Wrong！Exercise
is
not
meant
to
hurt.Indeed，pain
is
your
body
telling
you
something’s
wrong，and
continuing
to
exercise
could
lead
to
serious
injury.You
may
experience
mild
discomfort
as
you
begin
to
exercise
regularly，but
this
is
adapting
to
the
positive
changes
in
your
lifestyle
and
the
aches
should
disappear
relatively
quickly.If
you
don’t，rest
and
seek
medical
advice.
9．What
does
the
author
think
about
being
fat?
A．It
is
the
family
genes
that
make
people
fat.
B．People
are
fat
because
they
consume
too
little
energy.
C．A
diary
of
exercise
can
prevent
people
from
becoming
fat.
D．It
is
the
result
of
people’s
unbalanced
lifestyle.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文中第一个黑色小标题下的“...and
the
main
reason
is
that
they
share
the
same
habits
of
eating
too
much
and
exercising
too
little.”可知，肥胖是人们饮食习惯和运动不平衡的结果。
10．According
to
the
author，how
can
we
make
exercise
more
interesting?
A．By
taking
varied
exercise.
B．By
choosing
simple
exercise.
C．By
doing
regular
exercise.
D．By
sticking
to
outdoor
exercise.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文中第三个黑色小标题下的“Anything
will
become
boring
if
you
do
it
repetitively.The
key
is
to
develop
a
balanced
and
varied(多样的)
program
that’s
fun
as
well
as
progressive.”可知，选A项。
11．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
passage?
A．To
state
the
importance
of
keeping
fit.
B．To
clarify
some
misunderstandings
about
fatness
and
exercise.
C．To
test
what
has
long
been
believed
about
keeping
fit.
D．To
explain
some
medical
facts
about
being
fat
and
doing
exercise.
答案 B
解析 写作意图题。本文在第一段第一句点出主题：“There
have
always
been
a
lot
of
commonly
believed
but
false
ideas
about
being
fat
and
doing
exercise.”，下文具体介绍了人们对于肥胖和运动的几个认识误区。由此可知，本文是为了澄清人们关于肥胖和运动的认识误区。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Everybody
knows
the
importance
of
drinking
enough
water.As
we
all
know，drinking
water
benefits
your
skin，muscles
and
organs.
12
The
major
reason
for
that
is
related
to
human
biological
needs.When
you’re
a
baby，you’re
75
percent
water.Then，as
you
get
older，you
get
drier.
13
It
helps
you
lose
weight，according
to
a
study
from
the
University
of
Birmingham.
The
researchers
found
that
drinking
500ml
of
water
thirty
minutes
before
a
meal
helped
participants(参与者)
lose
10
more
pounds
than
those
who
did
not.
14
All
participants
were
advised
to
improve
their
diet
and
physical
activity
levels.84
overweight
adults
were
involved.
Among
them
41
were
told
to
“preload”
with
water，while
43
were
told
to
control
their
water
intake(摄取量)
before
eating.After
12
weeks，the
participants
instructed
to
“preload”
with
water
lost
2.87
pounds
more
than
those
in
the
control
group
on
average.In
addition，the
participants
preloading
with
water
before
each
of
their
three
main
meals
every
day
lost
9.48
pounds
over
the
12
weeks.
15
Dr
Helen
Parretti，a
lecturer
at
the
University
of
Birmingham，had
this
to
say
of
the
study：
16
Just
drinking
500ml
water，three
times
a
day，before
your
main
meals
may
help
reduce
your
weight...and
this
could
be
an
easy
way
for
weight
loss.Furthermore，it
can
be
important
for
a
person
to
lose
extra
weight，making
a
potential
contribution
to
public
health.
A．Another
reason
to
drink
water
is
right
here.
B．But
not
everyone
can
always
get
tap
water
in
some
areas.
C．The
beauty
of
these
findings
is
that
losing
weight
is
simple.
D．It
also
helps
prevent
certain
diseases
and
improve
your
mood.
E．The
study
began
with
a
weight
management
consultation.
F．So
kids
should
drink
more
water
instead
of
Coke
to
keep
healthy.
G．In
contrast，those
preloading
once
a
day
or
never
lost
just
1.76
pounds.
12．答案 D
解析 根据上句“众所周知，喝水对你的皮肤、肌肉和器官有好处”可知，空处指喝水的另外一个好处，故选D项，意思是“那还能帮助预防某些疾病并改善你的心情”。D项中的It指的是上文中的“drinking
water”。
13．答案 A
解析 根据本段开头的“The
major
reason
for
that”和下文的内容可知，空处讲的是喝水的另外一个原因。故选A项，意为“饮水的另外一个原因就在这里”。
14．答案 E
解析 本段讲述研究结果“饭前半小时喝水可以帮助减肥”。空处应选E项，来引出实验的具体过程。
15．答案 G
解析 根据上句“另外，每天三餐前都喝水的实验参与者12周减掉了9.48磅”可知，应选G项，意为“相反，那些一天只在一顿饭前喝水或不喝水的人只减掉了1.76磅”，与空前一句进行对比。
16．答案 C
解析 根据空前的“had
this
to
say
of
the
study”和上文的实验可知，应选C项，意为“这些发现的美好之处在于(告诉我们)减肥很简单”。C项中的“losing
weight
is
simple”与下文中的“this
could
be
an
easy
way
for
weight
loss”相呼应。Period
Four Grammar—The
use
of
“it”(1)
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
1．It
is
a
beautiful
day
here
and
I
am
sitting
under
the
big
tree
at
the
end
of
the
garden.
2．It
seems
amazing
that
at
my
age
I
am
still
fit
enough
to
cycle
20
kilometres
in
an
afternoon.
3．It
is
my
birthday
in
two
weeks’
time
and
I’ll
be
82
years
old!
4．Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
5．Believe
me，I
know
how
easy
it
is
to
begin
smoking
and
how
tough
it
is
to
stop.
6．This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.
7．As
you
know，if
you
do
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again，you
begin
to
do
it
automatically.
8．I
didn’t
know，for
example，that
it
could
do
terrible
damage
to
your
heart
and
lungs
or
that
it
was
more
difficult
for
smoking
couples
to
become
pregnant.
1．it可以用作非人称代词，指代天气，如句1；也可以指代时间，如句3。
2．it用作非人称代词时，可以指代前面所说的部分内容或某个东西，如句4中的第二个it、句6、句7和句8中的第一个it。
3．it可以代替主语从句，作形式主语，如句2；也可代替不定式作形式主语，如句5和句8中的第二个it。
4．it可以代替不定式作形式宾语，如句4中的第一个it。
一、it
作人称代词
1．it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指上文提到的事物，以避免重复：
Xi’an
is
a
beautiful
city，isn’t
it?
西安是个美丽的城市，不是吗？
2．也可以指动物、婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子)或不明身份的人：
—Is
this
your
dog?
—No，it
isn’t.
——这是你的狗吗？
——不是。
Her
new
baby
is
tiny；it
only
weighs
2
kilos.
她刚生的宝宝个头很小，才两千克重。
—Who
is
it
knocking
at
the
door?
—It
might
be
the
postman.
——谁在敲门？
——可能是邮递员。
二、it作非人称代词
1．指天气：
It
is
a
lovely
day，isn’t
it?
天气真不错，不是吗？
It
is
a
bit
windy.有点风。
2．指时间：
It
was
nearly
midnight
when
she
came
back.
她回来时已近午夜。
3．指环境：
It
was
very
quiet
in
the
café.咖啡馆里非常安静。
4．指距离：
It
is
half
an
hour’s
walk
to
the
city
centre
from
my
home.
从我家到市中心有半小时的步行路程。
5．指日期：
—What’s
the
date
today?
—It’s
May
1,2018.
——今天是几号？
——2018年5月1日。
6．指季节：
It
is
summer
now.现在是夏季。
三、it作形式主语
1．it作形式主语替代动词不定式
(1)It
be＋adj.＋(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.
此处的形容词通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well?mannered，ill?mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous等。
It
is
illegal
(for
a
teenager)
to
drive
a
car
without
a
license.
青少年没有驾照开车是违法的。
(2)It
be＋adj.＋of
sb.to
do
sth.
此处的形容词通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy等。
It’s
kind
of
you
to
help
me
with
the
problem.
帮我解决问题，你真是太好了。
2．it作形式主语替代主语从句
(1)It
is＋adj.＋从句
It
is
clear
(obvious/true/possible/certain/...)
that...
该句型中it
是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚(显然，真的……)”。例如：
It
is
very
clear
that
he’s
round
and
tall
like
a
tree.
很明显他又胖又高像一棵树。
(2)It
is＋v.?ed＋that...＝Sb./Sth.is＋v.?ed＋to
do
It
is
said
(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped/...)
that...
该句型中的it
仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说(据报道，据悉……)”。
It
is
said
that
he
has
come
to
Beijing.
据说他已经来北京了。
It
is
reported
that
another
earth
satellite
has
been
put
into
orbit.
据报道另一个地球卫星已发射进轨道。
(3)It
is＋n.＋that...
It
is
a
pity
(a
shame/an
honor/a
good
thing/a
fact/a
surprise/...)
that...
该句型中，如果表示出乎意料等感情，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省去，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It
is
a
pity
that
such
a
thing
(should)
happen
in
your
class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It
is
a
pity
that
he
is
ill.他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it
作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。常用的动词有think，believe，make，find，consider，feel等。
I
think
it
no
use
arguing
with
him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I
found
it
very
interesting
to
study
English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He
made
it
clear
that
he
was
not
interested
in
this
subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对这门学科不感兴趣。
疑难辨析
一、it替代作主语的动名词或不定式的常见句型
It’s
no
good/use
doing...
It’s
(well)
worth
doing...
It’s
worthwhile
doing/to
do...
二、it常用的固定搭配
1．make
it
(1)在口语当中相当于succeed，表示“成功，做到，说定，赶上，及时到达”。例如：
He
never
really
made
it
as
an
actor.
他从来就不是一个成功的演员。
(2)在口语中相当于fix
the
date
for，表示“约定好时间”。例如：
—Shall
we
meet
next
week?
—OK.We
just
make
it
next
Saturday.
——我们下星期见面好吗？
——好。那我们约定好下星期六吧。
2．take
it/things
easy相当于don’t
worry或don’t
hurry，用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”。
Take
it
easy!
He
will
do
it
well.
别担心！他会做好的。
3．it
all
depends/that
all
depends
在口语中，相当于it
hasn’t
been
decided
yet，表示“视情况而定”。
—Are
you
going
to
the
countryside
for
holiday?
—It/That
all
depends.
——你要去乡村度假吗？
——那得看情况。
4．it’s
up
to
sb.在口语中，相当于it’s
decided
by
sb.表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”。
—Shall
we
go
out
for
dinner?
—It’s
up
to
you.
——我们出去吃晚饭吗？
——你决定吧。
Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空
1．Many
westerners
who
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
it
can
be
to
eat
out.(2018·浙江)
2．It
can
be
concluded
that
restaurant
keepers
need
not
“be
overly
concerned
about
‘bad’
tables，”
given
that
they’re
profitable.(2018·江苏)
3．Whatever
you’re
looking
for，color
is
the
key
to
making
a
room
feel
the
way
you
want
it
to
feel.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
4．The
event
celebrates
its
22nd
anniversary
with
a
great
show
of
the
very
best
of
gardening，making
it
one
of
the
most
popular
events
in
gardening.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
5．When
it
comes
to
technology
and
reading，the
report
does
little
to
counsel(建议)
parents
looking
for
data
about
the
effect
of
e?readers
and
tablets
on
reading.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
6．I
can’t
find
my
purse.I
could
have
left
it
in
the
supermarket
yesterday，but
I’m
not
sure.
(2018·天津)
7．For
most
of
the
last
century，the
car
represented
what
it
meant
to
be
American—going
forward
at
high
speed
to
find
new
worlds.(2018·浙江)
8．However，the
railway
quickly
proved
to
be
a
great
success
and
within
six
months，more
than
25,000
people
were
using
it
every
day.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1．It
was
both
and
frightening
to
be
up
there！(2016·浙江，短文改错)
2．Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
trees
around
.
(2015·浙江，短文改错)
3．It
is
difficult
to
why
she
barks
every
minute
she’s
outside.
(2014·辽宁，短文改错)
4．We
were
organizing
an
art
exhibition
for
high
school
students
in
the
city.
will
be
held
on
the
9th
of
July
in
the
Exhibition
Hall
of
Beihai.(2008·宁夏，短文改错)
5．Now，I
fully
understand
how
hard
is
to
earn
money.(2008·浙江，短文改错)
Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空
1．This
house
is
beautiful
with
a
garden.We
really
like
it
very
much.
2．Well，you
mustn’t
play
on
the
road.It
is
dangerous.
3．Someone
is
ringing
the
doorbell.Go
and
see
who
it
is.
4．—I
have
a
new
copy
of
the
book.I’d
like
to
send
it
to
you.
—No，thanks.I’d
rather
buy
one
in
the
bookstore.
5．The
mistake
made
it
impossible
for
us
to
go
on.
6．From
the
teacher’s
patient
explanation,
I
have
learnt
what
a
big
responsibility
it
is
to
educate
us.
7．I
know
it
is
important
to
know
my
own
limitations,
but
what
is
difficult
is
to
help
others
to
know
their
own
limitations.
8．I
would
appreciate
it
very
much
if
you
could
give
me
some
suggestions.
9．It
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
10．Will
you
see
to
it
that
my
children
are
taken
good
care
of
while
I
am
away?
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．It’s
kind
of
you
to
share
your
dictionary
with
me.
与我共用你的字典，你真是太好了。
12．What’s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
observe
traffic
rules.
更糟的是，一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人认为遵守交通规则不重要。
13．He
owes
it
to
his
doctor’s
care
that
he
is
quite
well
again.
多亏医生的照料，他的身体又好起来了。
14．We
all
take
it
for
granted
that
Mile
can
succeed.
我们都想当然地认为米莱能成功。
15．How
far
is
it
from
your
hometown
to
Beijing?
从你的家乡到北京有多远？
基础巩固
Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空
1．If
you’re
buying
today’s
paper
from
the
stand，could
you
get
one
for
me?
2．The
Parkers
bought
a
new
house
but
it
will
need
a
lot
of
work
before
they
can
move
in.
3．It
is
said
that
he
once
worked
in
a
factory.
4．Someone
is
knocking
at
the
door.Who
can
it
be?
5．It
is
6
miles
to
the
nearest
hospital.
6．Studying
Wendy’s
menu，I
found
that
many
of
the
items
are
similar
to
those
of
McDonald’s.
7．I
find
it
my
fault
to
have
hurt
her
feelings.
8．New
technologies
have
made
it
possible
to
turn
out
new
products
faster
and
at
lower
cost.
9．The
weather
here
is
better
than
that
in
Shandong.
10．I
hate
it
when
people
talk
with
their
mouths
full.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
11．I
think
impossible
to
persuade
the
man
to
quit
his
plan.
12.
is
no
wonder
that
the
girl
looks
so
happy—she
has
won
the
first
prize.
13．This
coat
looks
so
nice，so
I
would
like
to
buy
.
14．The
old
man
said
that
it’s
no
use
here
so
long.
15．It
is
a
pity
that
you
或would
miss
such
a
good
chance.
能力提升
Ⅲ.阅读理解
(2017·河南新乡延津一中高二检测)
The
younger
generation，according
to
a
new
survey，can
hardly
remember
the
last
time
of
climbing
trees
or
flying
kites，as
they
are
kept
indoors
and
short
of
outdoor
experiences.
The
survey
of
1,000
people
found
that
the
current
generation
of
15?
to
34?year?olds
have
fewer
memories
of
12
key
countryside
activities
such
as
swimming
in
the
rivers
or
going
fishing.
The
research
found
that
three
quarters
of
the
older
generation
remembered
playing
games
or
climbing
trees，compared
with
two
thirds
of
younger
adults.
The
55＋
generation
also
had
more
memories
of
collecting
stones，visiting
a
farm
or
pond
dipping.Altogether，two
thirds
of
older
people
had
more
memories
of
playing
outdoors
compared
to
just
over
half
of
the
younger
generation.
The
Royal
Society
for
the
Protection
of
Birds
(RSPB)
carried
out
the
study
at
the
start
of
the
school
term
to
stress
the
growing
worry
that
children
are
not
getting
outdoors
enough.
The
study
has
found
that
82
percent
of
people
think
that
schools
should
provide
more
outdoor
education
and
most
believe
nature
is
still
important
to
children
today.
Dr
Mike
Clarke，head
of
the
RSPB，said
children
who
are
usually
kept
indoors
are
easier
to
get
“nature
deficit
disorder”．He
said
public
money
should
be
used
to
take
children
on
day
trips
to
nature
and
to
build
wildlife
gardens，especially
in
poor
areas.
“To
many
people，it
would
seem
clear
and
unquestionable
that
an
important
part
of
childhood
is
exploring
the
world
around
you.Unfortunately，this
is
far
from
the
fact
and
the
children
are
having
less
time
and
fewer
chances
to
get
close
to
nature，”
he
said.
“The
RSPB
has
more
than
a
40?year
history
in
getting
children
outdoors
and
is
still
continuing
to
play
our
role.We
now
need
the
government
and
the
schools
to
realize
that
they
should
play
the
most
important
role
in
making
it
possible
for
all
the
children
to
experience，enjoy
and
benefit
from
the
outdoor
environment.”
语篇解读 本文分析了现在孩子们在户外活动不多的现状，建议孩子多到大自然中进行户外活动。
16．Compared
with
the
current
generation，the
older
generation
have
.
A．more
homework
and
exercises
when
they
were
children
B．more
memories
of
wonderful
life
in
the
countryside
C．fewer
memories
of
taking
part
in
outdoor
activities
D．fewer
chances
of
going
on
a
visit
to
the
big
cities
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，现在的年轻一代与老一辈人相比，对乡村活动的记忆更少，所以老一辈人有更多乡村生活的记忆。故选B。
17．The
RSPB
carried
out
the
study
in
order
to
tell
people
to
.
A．spend
more
time
with
their
kids
B．care
more
about
the
kids’
growth
C．let
their
kids
get
more
outdoor
activities
D．order
the
schools
to
provide
outdoor
education
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，RSPB进行研究是为了强调现在孩子们室外运动的不足，让孩子们更多地进行室外活动。故选C。
18．According
to
the
passage，“nature
deficit
disorder”
often
happens
to
.
A．children
who
often
stay
indoors
B．children
who
often
go
outdoors
C．all
the
younger
generation
D．all
the
older
generation
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第七段中的“children
who
are
usually
kept
indoors
are
easier
to
get
‘nature
deficit
disorder’”可知，长期待在室内的孩子更容易得“自然缺失症”。故选A。
19．We
can
learn
from
Dr
Clarke’s
words
in
the
last
paragraph
that
.
A．all
the
children
can’t
get
close
to
nature
and
aren’t
healthy
any
longer
B．outdoor
activities
are
the
most
important
for
the
current
generation
C．the
RSPB
is
more
important
than
the
government
and
schools
in
getting
kids
outdoors
D．the
RSPB
plays
an
important
role
in
getting
kids
outdoors
all
the
time
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，RSPB在让孩子们更多地接触自然方面一直起着很大的作用。故选D。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Anthony
Burgess
was
40
years
old
when
he
was
told
by
the
doctor
that
he
had
only
one
year
to
live.He
had
a
brain
tumor(瘤)
that
would
20
him
within
a
year.He
knew
he
had
a
battle.He
was
completely
broken
at
that
time，and
he
didn’t
have
anything
to
21
to
his
wife，Lynne，who
would
soon
be
a
widow(寡妇)．
Burgess
had
22
been
a
professional
novelist
in
the
past，but
he
always
knew
that
the
potential(潜质)
was
inside
him
to
be
a
writer.So，for
the
only
23
of
leaving
royalties(版税)
behind
to
his
wife，he
24
a
piece
of
paper
into
a
typewriter
and
began
25
.Although
he
was
not
26
whether
what
he
wrote
would
even
be
published，he
couldn’t
think
of
else
to
do.
“It
was
January
of
1960，”
he
said，“and
according
to
what
the
27
had
said，I
had
a
winter
and
spring
and
summer
to
28
，and
would
die
with
the
fall
of
the
29
.”During
that
time
Burgess
wrote
very
hard，
30
five
and
a
half
long
novels
31
the
year
passed
by.
But
Anthony
Burgess
did
not
32
.His
cancer
had
gone
into
remission(缓解)
and
then
disappeared
altogether.In
his
long
and
full
life
as
a
33
，he
wrote
more
than
70
novels；but
34
death
sentences，he
might
not
have
written
at
all.
Many
of
us
are
like
Anthony
Burgess，hiding
35
inside，waiting
for
some
36
emergency
to
bring
it
out.
37
yourself
what
you’d
do
if
you
had
Anthony
Burgess’
38
difficult
situation.If
I
had
just
a
year
to
live，how
would
I
live
39
from
others
who
would
be
desperate？What
exactly
would
I
do?
语篇解读 文章讲述了安东尼·伯吉斯被诊断患有脑瘤，艰难的处境激发了伯吉斯的潜能，使他开始写作，最终成为一名小说家。
20．A.kill
B．cure
C．support
D．change
答案 A
解析 根据上文“Anthony
Burgess
was
40
years
old
when
he
was
told
by
the
doctor
that
he
had
only
one
year
to
live.”可知，脑瘤会在一年内要他的命。kill杀死。故选A。
21．A.set
out
B．worry
about
C．leave
behind
D．depend
on
答案 C
解析 根据上文“He
was
completely
broken
at
that
time”可知，他没有什么可以留给他的妻子。leave
behind留下。故选C。
22．A.ever
B．never
C．yet
D．always
答案 B
解析 根据下文“but
he
always
knew
that
the
potential(潜质)
was
inside
him
to
be
a
writer”可知，安东尼·伯吉斯过去从来不是一个专业的小说家。never从不。故选B。
23．A.cause
B．use
C．purpose
D．rule
答案 C
解析 根据下文“leaving
royalties(版税)
behind
to
his
wife”可知他的目的是给妻子留下版税。purpose目的。故选C。
24．A.found
B．put
C．added
D．dropped
答案 B
解析 句意为：他将一张纸放进打字机。put放置。故选B。
25．A.learning
B．researching
C．drawing
D．writing
答案 D
解析 根据上文“leaving
royalties(版税)
behind
to
his
wife”可知，他开始写作。write写作。故选D。
26．A.certain
B．aware
C．surprised
D．satisfied
答案 B
解析 句意为：虽然他不知道他写的东西是否会被出版，但是他想不出还能做什么。be
aware
of意识到，知道。故选B。
27．A.wife
B．friend
C．doctor
D．student
答案 C
解析 根据上文“he
was
told
by
the
doctor”可知，医生告诉他他只有一年的时间了。故选C。
28．A.think
over
B．deal
with
C．wait
for
D．live
through
答案 D
解析 根据上文“he
had
only
one
year
to
live”可知，他有一个冬天、一个春天和一个夏天可以度过。live
through度过。故选D。
29．A.wall
B．snow
C．city
D．leaf
答案 D
解析 根据上文“I
had
a
winter
and
spring
and
summer”可知，他在下次落叶的时候就要去世了。leaf叶子。故选D。
30．A.reading
B．translating
C．collecting
D．finishing
答案 D
解析 句意为：那段时间伯吉斯努力写作，完成了五本半长篇小说。finish完成。故选D。
31．A.until
B．since
C．before
D．when
答案 C
解析 这里强调的是这一年还没有过去，他就完成了五本半长篇小说。before在……之前。故选C。
32．A.refuse
B．die
C．escape
D．disappear
答案 B
解析 根据下文“His
cancer
had
gone
into
remission
(缓解)
and
then
disappeared
altogether.”可知，他没有死(die)。故选B。
33．A.novelist
B．politician
C．designer
D．patient
答案 A
解析 根据下文“he
wrote
more
than
70
novels”可知，他作为一名小说家(novelist)。故选A。
34．A.without
B．as
C．for
D．with
答案 C
解析 句意为：要不是死亡判决，他可能根本就不会写作。but
for要不是。故选C。
35．A.kindness
B．greatness
C．happiness
D．pain
答案 B
解析 根据上文“but
he
always
knew
that
the
potential(潜质)
was
inside
him
to
be
a
writer”可知，我们很多人都像安东尼·伯吉斯一样，将伟大隐藏在内心。greatness伟大。故选B。
36．A.favorable
B．national
C．unexpected
D．small
答案 C
解析 根据上文“when
he
was
told
by
the
doctor
that
he
had
only
one
year
to
live”可知，我们都在等着一些意想不到的事情将内在的潜能激发出来。unexpected意料之外的。故选C。
37．A.Teach
B．Help
C．Ask
D．Make
答案 C
解析 根据下文“What
exactly
would
I
do？”可知，是问你自己：如果你处在安东尼·伯吉斯的困境你会怎么做。ask问。故选C。
38．A.latest
B．original
C．strange
D．new
答案 B
解析 根据上文可知，安东尼·伯吉斯最初被诊断患有脑瘤。属于最初的困难处境。original原始的，最初的。故选B。
39．A.highly
B．separately
C．lonely
D．differently
答案 D
解析 句意为：我怎么能和那些绝望的人生活得不一样呢？differently不同地。故选D。
Ⅴ.语法填空
After
four
years
of
living
here，I
have
a
better
40
(understand)
of
northern
China’s
food.
Northern
China’s
hearty
food
is
41
(general)
more
acceptable
to
Westerners.They
can
enjoy
Beijing
roast
duck，beef
and
dairy
from
Inner
Mongolia，and
Korean
dishes
in
the
northeast.Northern
China
experiences
cold
and
dry
winters，and
hot
summers，
42
(make)
calories
and
salt
replacement
more
important.As
a
result，northern
dishes
have
strong
flavors，compared
with
the
south
43
dishes
are
lighter
in
flavor.
Wheat
is
the
main
crop
of
northern
China，and
you
will
find
a
variety
of
wheat?flour
44
(product)．Rice
is
also
eaten
in
the
north，but
it
is
certainly
secondary
to
wheat.Dumplings
are
very
popular
in
the
north，
45
(serve)
with
vinegar
for
dipping.
Northerners
tend
to
eat
more
meat
and
dairy
for
the
purpose
46
fighting
against
the
cold
weather.Most
meat
dishes
47
(base)
on
mutton，pork，beef，chicken，and
fish.
48
are
less
fresh
vegetables
available
because
of
the
cold
weather.Fruit
is
traditionally
limited
to
a
few
hard
seasonal
varieties
like
apples，so
it
doesn’t
feature
much
in
the
cuisine，although
the
northwest
is
famous
for
49
(it)
dried
fruit
and
wine.
40．答案 understanding
解析 考查名词。设空处作宾语，前面有a
better限定且意为“理解”，故填understanding。
41．答案 generally
解析 考查副词。设空处修饰形容词，故填副词generally。
42．答案 making
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词experiences，此处应用非谓语动词。Northern
China与make之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且make所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填making。
43．答案 where
解析 考查定语从句引导词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰the
south，且在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
44．答案 products
解析 考查名词单复数。此处意为“各种各样的由面粉制成的产品”，故填product的复数形式。
45．答案 served
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作后置定语，serve与dumplings之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且serve表示的动作已完成，故填served。
46．答案 of
解析 考查固定搭配。for
the
purpose
of意为“为了……；目的是……”。
47．答案 are
based
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，且主语meat
dishes(复数)与base之间是被动关系，故填are
based。
48．答案 There
解析 考查固定句型。句意为：由于天气寒冷，新鲜蔬菜比较少。此处是there
be句型，故填There。
49．答案 its
解析 考查代词。设空处后有名词fruit
and
wine，故填形容词性物主代词its。
Ⅵ.短文改错
My
parents
run
the
restaurant
in
our
city.I
help
out
there
after
school
every
time
when
I
am
free.Yesterday
afternoon
I
went
there
help
out
as
usual.While
I
was
there，two
foreigners
from
Australia
came
to
have
a
meal.Learned
that
they
didn’t
speak
Chinese
at
all，I
went
up
and
greeted
them
with
English.I
recommended
some
typical
dish
to
them
and
they
had
a
nicely
meal.After
the
meal，they
expressed
their
satisfaction
with
the
food
but
praised
me
for
my
English.It
was
the
first
time
that
I
have
communicated
with
foreigners.My
parents
felt
proud
of
mine.
答案
My
parents
run
restaurant
in
our
city.I
help
out
there
after
school
every
time
when
I
am
free.Yesterday
afternoon
I
went
there
help
out
as
usual.While
I
was
there，two
foreigners
from
Australia
came
to
have
a
meal.
that
they
didn’t
speak
Chinese
at
all，I
went
up
and
greeted
them
English.I
recommended
some
typical
to
them
and
they
had
a
meal.After
the
meal，they
expressed
their
satisfaction
with
the
food
praised
me
for
my
English.It
was
the
first
time
that
I
communicated
with
foreigners.My
parents
felt
proud
of
.核心素养拓展练
素养解读 《2017年普通高中课程标准》首次提出“学科核心素养”。英语学科核心素养由语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力构成。随之而来，以后英语考试将更加坚持能力立意，突出核心素养的考查。下面文段就是围绕“思维品质”这一学科素养展开，有助于学生养成批判性思维和解决复杂问题的能力。
Your
house
may
have
an
effect
on
your
figure.Experts
say
the
way
you
design
your
home
could
play
a
role
in
whether
you
pack
on
the
pounds
or
keep
them
off.You
can
make
your
environment
work
for
you
instead
of
against
you.Here
are
some
ways
to
turn
your
home
into
part
of
your
diet
plan.
Open
the
curtains
and
turn
up
the
lights.Dark
environments
are
more
likely
to
encourage
overeating，for
people
are
often
less
self?conscious(难为情)
when
they’re
in
poorly
lit
places—and
so
more
likely
to
eat
lots
of
food.If
your
home
doesn’t
have
enough
window
light，get
more
lamps
and
flood
the
place
with
brightness.
Mind
the
colors.Research
suggests
warm
colors
fuel
our
appetites.In
one
study，people
who
ate
meals
in
a
blue
room
consumed
33
percent
less
than
those
in
a
yellow
or
red
room.Warm
colors
like
yellow
make
food
appear
more
appetizing，while
cold
colors
make
us
feel
less
hungry.So
when
it’s
time
to
repaint，go
blue.
Don’t
forget
the
clock—or
the
radio.People
who
eat
slowly
tend
to
consume
about
70
fewer
calories(卡路里)
per
meal
than
those
who
rush
through
their
meals.Begin
keeping
track
of
the
time，and
try
to
make
dinner
last
at
least
30
minutes.And
while
you’re
at
it，actually
sit
down
to
eat.If
you
need
some
help
slowing
down，turn
on
relaxing
music.It
makes
you
less
likely
to
rush
through
a
meal.
Downsize
the
dishes.Big
serving
bowls
and
plates
can
easily
make
us
fat.We
eat
about
22
percent
more
when
using
a
12?inch
plate
instead
of
a
10?inch
plate.When
we
choose
a
large
spoon
over
a
smaller
one，total
intake(摄入)
jumps
by
14
percent.And
we’ll
pour
about
30
percent
more
liquid
into
a
short，wide
glass
than
a
tall，skinny
glass.
语篇解读 这是一篇科普说明文。短文主要说明了人的食量与房子粉刷的颜色、灯光的明暗等有着密切的关系。它们对人的身材会产生一定的影响。
1．The
text
is
especially
helpful
for
those
who
care
about
.
A．their
home
comforts
B．their
body
shape
C．house
buying
D．healthy
diets
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。短文主要说明了饮食与室内光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的尺寸及进餐的速度等有着密切的关系。显然这对于那些注重体形的人是有所帮助的。故答案为B。
2．A
home
environment
in
blue
can
help
people
.
A．digest
food
better
B．reduce
food
intake
C．burn
more
calories
D．regain
their
appetites
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“...people
who
ate
meals
in
a
blue
room
consumed
33
percent
less
than
those
in
a
yellow
or
red
room.”可知，蓝色的用餐环境有助于减少食物摄入量。因此B项正确。
3．What
are
people
advised
to
do
at
mealtimes?
A．Eat
quickly.
B．Play
fast
music.
C．Use
smaller
spoons.
D．Turn
down
the
lights.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由第四段第二句可知，进餐快的人比进餐慢的人每顿饭多消耗70卡路里的热量，由此可知A项错误；由第四段倒数第二句中的“turn
on
relaxing
music”可知B项不对；而由第二段首句中的“turn
up
the
lights”可知D项也是错误的。根据最后一段倒数第二句“When
we
choose
a
large
spoon
over
a
smaller
one，total
intake(摄入)
jumps
by
14
percent.”可知C项正确。
4．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A．Is
Your
House
Making
You
Fat?
B．Ways
of
Serving
Dinner
C．Effects
of
Self?consciousness
D．Is
Your
Home
Environment
Relaxing?
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。短文首句即为主题句：房子可能影响住户的身材。接下来从房子的颜色、室内灯光等方面说明了对饮食的影响。用A项作标题，既能总括全文，又能吸引读者。
Notes
Ⅰ.高频词汇
1．appetite
n．胃口；食欲
2．appetizing
adj.开胃的；促进食欲的
3．repaint
vt.再次(重新)油漆
4．downsize
vt.使缩小；使小型化
Ⅱ.长难句分析
People
who
eat
slowly
tend
to
consume
about
70
fewer
calories(卡路里)
per
meal
than
those
who
rush
through
their
meals.
分析：本句中第一个who引导的定语从句修饰先行词people，在定语从句中作主语；第二个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those，those指代people。
翻译：吃饭慢的人每顿饭往往会比吃饭快的人少摄入大约70卡路里。Period
Three Learning
about
Language
&
Using
Language
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
1．appendix
n．附录；附件
2．slippery
adj.滑的
3．immune
adj.有免疫力的
4．sex
n．性；性别
5．fluid
n．流体；液体
6．inject
vt.注射
7．spill
vi.溢出；洒落；vt.使溢出；使洒落
8．homosexual
n．同性恋；adj.同性恋的
9．abortion
n．流产；中途失败
10．cigar
n．雪茄烟
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每题3分，满分30分)
11．illegal
adj.不合法的；违法的
12．pill
n．药丸；药片
13．robbery
n．抢劫；盗窃
14．survival
n．幸存→survive
vi.幸存；活下来→survivor
n．幸存者；生还者
15．needle
n．针；(注射器的)针头
16．male
adj.男性的；雄性的；n.男人；雄性动(植)物→female(反义)
adj.女性的；雌性的；n.女人；雌性的动(植)物
17．prejudice
n．偏见；成见
18．judgement
n．看法；判决；判断→judge
v．判决
19．embarrassed
adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrassing
adj.令人尴尬的→embarrass
v.使尴尬
20．awkward
adj.局促不安的；笨拙的
Ⅲ.写出下列短语(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
21．上气不接下气out
of
breath
22．不顾；不管；尽管in
spite
of
23．下定决心make
up
one’s
mind
24．冒险take
risks/a
risk
25．陷入；染上(坏习惯)get
into
26．处境危险；遭受危险at
risk
27．免疫系统immune
system
28．抵抗疾病fight
disease
29．生存几率chances
of
survival
30．受感染become
infected
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题；每题6分，满分30分)
31．You
can
have
HIV
in
your
blood
for
a
long
time，but
eventually
HIV
will
damage
your
immune
system
so
much
that
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease.
在你的血液中，HIV病毒可以长期存在，但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。
32．Do
not
share
anything
else
that
a
person
has
used
while
injecting
drugs.
在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。
33．This
will
prevent
sexual
fluid
passing
from
one
person
to
another.
这样就会阻止体液从一个人传到另一个人身上。
34．It
is
only
when
the
disease
has
progressed
to
AIDS
that
a
person
begins
to
look
sick.
只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。
35．Women
are
slightly
more
likely
to
become
infected
than
men.
女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
Ⅰ.True(T)
or
False(F)
1．It
is
dangerous
to
get
close
to
a
person
with
AIDS.(F)
2．It
is
very
likely
that
you
will
die
if
you
become
infected
with
HIV.(T)
3．You
can
only
get
HIV
from
injecting
drugs.(F)
4．Evidence
shows
that
men
get
AIDS
more
easily
than
women.(F)
5．It
could
be
dangerous
to
have
sex
without
using
a
condom.(T)
6．If
blood
or
sexual
fluid
infected
with
HIV
gets
into
someone’s
body，that
person
could
become
infected.(T)
7．You
shouldn’t
hug
a
person
with
HIV/AIDS.(F)
8．It
is
easy
to
tell
whether
a
person
has
HIV/AIDS.(F)
Ⅱ.Read
the
passage
carefully
and
choose
the
best
answer.
1．The
word
“homosexuals”
means
“
”．
A．people
only
attracted
by
the
same
sex
B．people
who
don’t
care
about
themselves
C．people
who
are
very
sexy
D．people
who
often
have
sex
答案 A
2．We
can
infer
from
the
passage
that
.
A．HIV
is
equal
to
AIDS
B．HIV
is
different
from
AIDS
C．HIV
weakens
a
person’s
immune
system
D．people
can
have
HIV
in
their
blood
for
quite
a
long
time
答案 B
3．In
order
to
stay
safe，you
.
A．should
not
share
needles
with
someone
else
B．have
to
avoid
using
anything
else
that
the
person
has
used
while
injecting
drugs
C．should
use
a
condom
if
you
have
sex
with
another
one
D．all
of
the
above
答案 D
重点词汇
He
felt
he
had
to
make
up
his
mind
on
every
step
instead
of
taking
risks.
他觉得他不得不每一步都要下定决心，而不能冒险。
take
risks/a
risk冒险
※at
the
risk
of
doing...冒着……的风险
at
risk处境危险；遭受危险
※risk
(doing)
sth.冒险(做)……；冒着……的风险
(1)A
rescue
worker
risked
his
life
saving
two
tourists
who
had
been
trapped
in
the
mountains
for
two
days.(2018·北京)
一位救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
(2)Your
health
might
be
at
risk
due
to
much
smoking.由于吸烟过多，你的健康可能受到威胁。
(3)He
jumped
into
the
river
at
the
risk
of
losing
his
life.他冒着生命危险跳进了河里。
(4)We
don’t
want
to
risk
being
caught(catch)
in
the
traffic
jam.我们不想冒堵车的风险。
Of
course
the
best
way
to
deal
with
these
drugs
is
not
to
get
into
the
habit
in
the
first
place！
当然，对付毒品的最好的方法是首先别养成吸毒的习惯！
get
into陷入；染上(坏习惯)
get
away
with逃脱惩罚
get
along
with进展；相处
get
down
to开始认真做
get
through通过；完成get
over克服
(1)When
he
got
into
trouble，his
best
friend
helped
him
out.
当他陷入麻烦时，他最好的朋友帮他走出了困境。
(2)Don’t
be
tempted
to
cheat—you’ll
never
get
away
with
it.
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
(3)How
are
you
getting
along
with
your
new
classmates？你和你的新同学相处得怎么样？
(4)The
man
is
looking
for
a
way
to
get
over
the
difficulty.这个人正在想办法克服困难。
If
you
develop
AIDS，your
chances
of
survival
are
very
small.
如果你得了艾滋病，生存的几率很小。
survival
n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
※survive
vt.&
vi.生还；残存；比……活得长
survive
on...仅靠……维持生计
survive
sb.by...比某人多活……
※survivor
n．生存者；残存者；幸存者
(1)For
a
sudden
heart
failure，the
single
best
chance
for
survival
is
having
someone
nearby
step
in
and
do
CPR
quickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭，存活的最好的机会是有人在附近迅速地做CPR。
(2)She
is
the
only
survivor
in
the
accident.
她是这起事故中的唯一幸存者。
(3)Millions
of
people
survive
on
a
very
limited
diet.
数百万人依靠非常有限的食物生存。
(4)She
survived
her
husband
by
twenty
years.
她比她的丈夫多活了二十年。
[单句改错]
(5)Luckily，most
of
the
passengers
survived
from
the
terrible
accident.
Before
you
read
this
text，what
judgements
did
you
make
about
people
with
HIV/AIDS？
在读这篇文章之前，你对HIV病毒携带者或者艾滋病患者作什么样的评价？
judgement
n．看法；评价；判断；判决
※in
one’s
judgement
在某人看来
make
a
judgement
作出判断
※judge
v．判定；判断；审判；n.法官；裁判
judging
from/by...根据……判断
(1)The
company
was
fined
4
million，following
a
recent
court
judgement.
根据最近的法庭判决，这家公司被罚款400万美元。
(2)In
my
judgement，this
new
policy
is
very
practical.在我看来，这个新政策是非常实际的。
(3)The
expert
refused
to
make
a
judgement
about
the
situation.这位专家拒绝对形势作出判断。
(4)Judging
from/by
his
words，I
could
tell
that
he
was
honest.
根据他的话判断，我知道他是诚实的。
Then
she
offered
me
a
cigarette
and
I
felt
so
embarrassed
and
awkward.
然后她递给我一支烟，我感到很尴尬且局促不安。
embarrassed
adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的
※be/feel
embarrassed
to
do
sth.对做某事感到尴尬
be/feel
embarrassed
about/at...对……感到难为情/不知所措
※embarrass
vt.使难堪，使尴尬
※embarrassing
adj.令人尴尬的
※embarrassment
n．窘迫；尴尬
(1)My
face
turned
red
with
embarrassment.
我因为尴尬脸红了。
(2)The
young
man
was
embarrassed
to
admit(admit)
cheating
in
the
test.
这个年轻人尴尬地承认在测试中作弊了。
(3)His
speech
was
followed
by
an
embarrassing(embarrass)
silence.
他的讲话过后是一阵令人尴尬的沉默。
[高级表达]
(4)It
embarrassed
her
that
she
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests.
①What
embarrassed
her
was
that
she
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests.(主语从句；embarrass)
②She
fell
down
in
the
presence
of
the
guests，which
made
her
embarrassed.(定语从句；embarrassed)
经典句式
It
is
only
when
the
disease
has
progressed
to
AIDS
that
a
person
begins
to
look
sick.
只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时，一个人才会开始显出病态。
本句为强调句型，对when引导的时间状语从句进行强调。
※强调句型的一般式结构为：It
is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他。
※强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was
it＋被强调部分＋who/that＋其他？
※强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was
it
that＋其他？(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词。)
※判断强调句型的方法：将强调结构去掉，如果句子仍然正确，则是强调句型，否则就不是。
(1)It
was
the
man
that/who
helped
me
out
when
I
was
in
trouble.我处于困境时，是这个人帮助了我。
(2)Was
it
during
the
Second
World
War
that
he
died?
他是在第二次世界大战期间去世的吗？
(3)Where
was
it
that
you
found
your
lost
pen?
你是在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的？
[单句改错]
(4)It
was
in
France
I
picked
up
some
French.
(5)It
the
twins
that
helped
me
with
English.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Due
to
the
war
between
the
two
countries，life
has
become
a
struggle
for
survival(survive)．
2．Once
you
get
into
the
habit
of
smoking，you
will
find
it
hard
to
get
rid
of
it.
3．Some
women
are
too
embarrassed(embarrass)
to
consult
their
doctor
about
the
problem.
4．The
young
man
risked
being
knocked(knock)
down
to
take
the
child
on
the
busy
road
to
safety.
5．Scientific
research
shows
that
women
tend
to
survive
their
husbands
by
5－10
years.
6．—Who
is
making
such
a
noise?
—It
must
be
the
children.
Ⅱ.完成句子
7．You
can’t
achieve
your
dream
easily
without
taking
risks/a
risk.
不冒险你不可能轻易实现你的梦想。
8．Once
she
has
made
up
her
mind，nothing
will
change
it.
一旦她下定决心，什么也改变不了。
9．It
was
not
until
he
got
home
that
he
knew
what
had
happened.
直到他到家以后，他才知道所发生的事。
10．Judging
from/by
the
expression
on
her
face，she
must
have
news
of
great
excitement
to
tell
us.
从她脸上的表情来判断，她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。
Ⅲ.课文短文改错
HIV
is
a
virus
that
weaken
a
person’s
immune
system.You
can
have
an
HIV
in
your
blood
for
a
long
time.However，eventual
it
will
damage
your
immune
system
so
much
as
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease.This
stage
of
the
illness
was
called
AIDS.So
far，almost
everyone
who
has
developed
AIDS
died.HIV
is
spread
through
blood
or
the
fluid
where
carries
the
virus.The
virus
gets
inside
the
body
through
breaking
skin，or
by
injection.Certainly，scientists
will
find
a
cure
to
HIV/AIDS
one
day.But
before
that
happens，you
need
to
protect
myself.
答案
HIV
is
a
virus
that
a
person’s
immune
system.You
can
have
an
HIV
in
your
blood
for
a
long
time.However，
it
will
damage
your
immune
system
so
much
your
body
can
no
longer
fight
disease.This
stage
of
the
illness
called
AIDS.So
far，almost
everyone
who
has
developed
AIDS
died.HIV
is
spread
through
blood
or
the
fluid
carries
the
virus.The
virus
gets
inside
the
body
through
skin，or
by
injection.Certainly，scientists
will
find
a
cure
HIV/AIDS
one
day.But
before
that
happens，you
need
to
protect
.
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The
most
awkward(难堪的)
email
mistake
is
usually
committed
in
anger.(2017·天津)
2．A
judge
must
be
free
from
prejudice(偏见)，so
he
can
make
a
judgement
about
a
case
correctly.
3．What
do
you
think
makes
his
plan
abortion(中途失败)?
4．The
male(男性)
is
usually
physically
stronger
than
the
female(女性)．
5．The
needle(针)
pierced(刺破)
her
finger
while
she
was
doing
some
sewing.
6．I
lit
a
cigar(雪茄烟)
to
calm
my
nerves.
7．He
felt
embarrassed(尴尬的)
because
he
made
a
mistake.
8．A
lot
of
small
companies
are
having
to
fight
for
survival(生存)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9．In
spite
of
the
tight
schedule
of
study，the
activities
for
students
to
achieve
their
potential
have
never
been
called
off.
10．I’ve
got
into
the
habit
of
reading
English
aloud
in
the
morning.
11．Operate
the
electrical
appliance
following
the
instructions
attached
in
the
box，or
you’ll
be
at
risk.
12．In
her
judgement，he
was
not
very
good
at
his
job.
13．While
listening(listen)，the
secretary
set
down
a
series
of
what
the
manager
said.
Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
14．Despite
of
her
good
salary，she
measured
out
every
dollar
needed
for
household
expenses.
15．Don’t
take
it
for
granted，and
even
an
experienced
climber
can
get
into
the
trouble.
16．It
is
typical
of
him
to
take
或
in
the
experiment.
17.
from
his
appearance，he
seems
to
be
a
strong
man.
18．How
does
the
woman
feel
when
about
the
price
of
her
flat?
Ⅳ.完成句子
19．He
is
so
tired
that
he
feels
as
if
he
could
sleep
the
clock
around.
他疲惫至极以至于他觉得好像能睡24小时。
20．It
is
illegal
to
sell
alcohol
to
children.
卖酒给儿童是违法的。
21．Much
to
her
embarrassment，she
realized
that
everybody
had
been
listening
to
her
singing.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌，感到很不好意思。
22．He
signed
his
name
on
that
paper
at
the
risk
of
getting
dismissed.
他冒着被解雇的风险在那份文件上签了名。
23．Children
who
live
in
the
country’s
rural
areas
are
very
likely
to
be
poor.
住在该国乡村地区的孩子很有可能很贫穷。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
The
health
benefits
of
sleep
are
both
varied
and
well
known.We
all
need
to
have
enough
sleep
so
as
to
be
able
to
function
well
on
both
mental
and
physical
tasks.Sleep
is
probably
the
best
beauty
treatment
available
to
a
person，allowing
you
to
look
younger
overnight.This
is
probably
the
most
superficial(表面的)
benefit
of
sleep.The
other
benefits
are
incredibly
important.
The
amount
of
sleep
that
is
required
varies
from
one
person
to
another
and
in
many
cases
one
person
is
at
risk
of
not
getting
enough
sleep.It
is
all
too
easy
to
settle
into
a
habit
that
doesn’t
really
suit
you
when
your
family
requires
less
sleep
than
you.They
may
well
try
to
get
up
quietly
and
leave
you
resting
a
little
longer.If
they
are
successful
in
slipping(溜)
out
of
the
room
and
you
remain
in
the
same
state
of
sleep
then
you
are
very
lucky.Many
people
find
themselves
being
disturbed
by
either
sound
or
movement
and
then
it
can
be
difficult
to
return
to
sleep.
The
fact
is
that
whatever
your
reasons
are
for
settling
for
less
sleep
than
what
is
ideal
for
you，it
is
important
to
deal
with
your
situation.Sleep
is
very
important.Failing
to
get
enough
sleep
is
very
costly
to
your
health.
Many
people
have
trouble
getting
to
sleep.Their
minds
run
on
overtime
or
they
become
overtired.Perhaps
you
have
simply
gotten
out
of
the
habit
of
sleeping
well.If
this
is
the
case
then
meditation(冥想)
or
hypnosis(催眠状态)
can
be
very
helpful.
Hypnosis
is
a
natural
state
of
relaxation
and
is
in
fact
the
state
between
being
awake
and
asleep.When
learning
to
use
hypnosis
you
can
also
teach
yourself
how
to
relax，let
go
of
bad
thoughts
and
prepare
yourself
naturally
for
sleep.It
is
natural
and
easy.Simply
by
listening
to
hypnotic
songs
you
can
train
your
mind
to
expect
to
sleep
and
return
to
your
natural
sleep
patterns.
语篇解读 睡觉其实就是一种简单的养生，睡眠质量的好坏直接影响着一个人的健康，因此每天拥有高质量的睡眠显得尤为重要。
24．What
will
happen
if
you
have
enough
high
quality
sleep?
A．You
can
never
fail
to
perform
your
tasks.
B．You
can
become
more
beautiful
than
others.
C．You
can
be
joyful
and
full
of
energy.
D．You
can
deal
with
others
in
an
easy
way.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“function
well
on
both
mental
and
physical
tasks”可知，充足的睡眠在精神和体力任务上都能发挥很好的作用，因此选项C正确。
25．What
does
the
second
paragraph
imply?
A．You’d
better
not
live
with
your
family.
B．A
poor
sleeping
habit
forms
easily.
C．You
should
get
used
to
various
noises.
D．It
will
make
you
annoyed
when
your
sleep
gets
disturbed.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，当你的家人需要的睡眠比你少时，你很容易养成并不适合你的睡眠习惯。故选B。
26．Why
do
some
people
have
difficulty
falling
asleep?
A．They
are
exhausted.
B．They
know
nothing
about
hypnosis.
C．They
don’t
intend
to
sleep
well.
D．They
tend
to
work
hard
at
night.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Their
minds
run
on
overtime
or
they
become
overtired.”可知，很多人不能入睡是因为他们非常疲惫。故选A项。
27．In
which
column
of
a
newspaper
can
you
read
the
text?
A．Finance.
B．Society.
C．Health.
D．Politics.
答案 C
解析 文章出处题。作者讲述了睡眠与人的健康之间的关系、睡眠方面可能遇到的问题及解决方法，因此该文章应该出自报纸的健康版面。故选C项。
B
(2017·山西晋中高二质检)
Popular
culture
often
shows
alcohol
as
a
big
part
of
the
college
experience
in
the
United
States.Television
programs
and
movies
about
American
college
life
have
images
of
wild
parties
with
young
people
either
drinking
alcohol
or
holding
a
drink.
Now，a
new
study
of
alcohol
use
suggests
that
some
college
students
may
be
missing
meals
so
they
can
have
more
drinks
or
get
drunk
faster.Researchers
are
calling
this
kind
of
behavior
“drunkorexia”．
The
study
involved
1,184
college
students
between
the
ages
of
18
and
26.Researchers
found
that
80
percent
of
those
studied
had
demonstrated
some
kind
of
drunkorexia
in
the
past
three
months.They
had
performed
heavy
physical
exercise，eaten
low
calorie
meals
or
even
missed
meals
for
up
to
a
full
day
before
drinking
alcohol.
Dipali
Rinker
organized
the
study
and
presented
its
findings
to
the
Research
Society
on
Alcoholism
in
June.She
says
students
see
drunkorexia
as
a
way
to
keep
their
body
weight
down
while
drinking
alcohol.And
it
causes
them
to
feel
the
effects
of
alcohol
quickly
and
with
more
intensity(强度)．Rinker
says
unhealthy
eating
habits
are
only
one
of
the
reasons
why
this
type
of
behavior
is
dangerous.Heavy
drinking
is
linked
to
drunk
driving，unprotected
sex，and
alcohol
poisoning.
George
Koob，who
directs
a
U．S.governmental
agency
that
studies
alcohol
related
problems，says
that
the
percent
of
students
using
alcohol
has
not
increased
in
recent
years.But
what
worries
him
is
that
the
number
of
students
drinking
to
the
point
of
“blacking
out”
has
increased.Blacking
out
is
when
a
person
drinks
so
much
alcohol
they
have
no
memory
of
their
actions
while
drunk.
Koob
notes
that
college
students
in
Canada
and
Europe
also
face
issues
with
alcohol.But
he
feels
a
big
part
of
the
problem
is
that
Americans
do
not
fully
understand
alcohol’s
effects.Most
people
do
not
know
the
part
of
the
brain
where
decisions
are
made
is
not
fully
developed
until
age
25
and
that
alcohol
harms
the
development
of
that
part
of
the
brain，he
adds.
28．What
is
the
purpose
of
the
behavior
“drunkorexia”？
A．To
get
drunk.
B．To
drink
more
alcohol.
C．To
take
exercise.
D．To
lose
weight.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“She
says
students
see
drunkorexia
as
a
way
to
keep
their
body
weight
down
while
drinking
alcohol.(她说学生们喝酒时把drunkorexia作为一种减轻体重的方法。)”可知选D。
29．What
can
heavy
drinking
result
in?
A．Unhealthy
eating
habits.
B．Drunkorexia.
C．Alcohol
poisoning.
D．Quick
response.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段列出的过度饮酒所导致的结果“Heavy
drinking
is
linked
to
drunk
driving，unprotected
sex，and
alcohol
poisoning.”可知选C。
30．Which
of
the
following
is
the
result
of
blacking
out?
A．Missing
meals.
B．Forgetting
something
one
did.
C．Having
unprotected
sex.
D．Operating
a
vehicle
while
drunk.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Blacking
out
is
when
a
person
drinks
so
much
alcohol
they
have
no
memory
of
their
actions
while
drunk.”可知，blacking
out的结果是忘记一个人所做的事。故选B。
31．By
writing
the
passage，the
writer
aims
to
.
A．show
heavy
drinking
and
its
harm
B．show
American
college
life
C．introduce
American
culture
D．explain
harmful
behaviors
答案 A
解析 写作意图题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了美国大学生过度饮酒的现象以及过度饮酒所造成的伤害，故作者的写作目的就是为了表明过度饮酒及其危害。故选A。
Ⅵ.七选五
Kids
and
Food：Advice
for
Parents
It
is
important
for
parents
to
know
how
to
help
their
kids
eat
healthily.Here
are
a
few
easy
ways：
Parents
control
the
supply
lines.
32
Though
kids
may
keep
asking
for
less
nutritious(有营养的)
foods，parents
should
decide
which
foods
are
regularly
provided
in
the
house.Kids
won’t
go
hungry.They’ll
eat
what’s
available
in
the
fridge
at
home.
Say
goodbye
to
the
“clean?plate
club”．
33
Lots
of
parents
grew
up
under
the
clean?plate
rule，but
that
way
doesn’t
help
kids
listen
to
their
own
bodies
when
they
are
full.When
kids
feel
full，they’re
less
likely
to
overeat.
34
Food
preferences
are
developed
early
in
life，so
try
to
offer
different
kinds
of
foods.Likes
and
dislikes
begin
forming
even
when
kids
are
babies.Parents
may
need
to
serve
a
new
food
on
several
different
occasions
for
a
child
to
accept
it.
Food
is
not
love.
Find
better
ways
to
say
“I
love
you”．When
foods
are
used
to
reward
kids
and
show
love，they
may
start
to
turn
to
food
when
feeling
worried
or
unhappy.
35
Kids
do
as
you
do.
36
When
trying
to
teach
good
eating
habits，try
to
set
the
best
example.Choose
nutritious
foods，eat
at
the
table，and
don’t
forget
breakfasts.
A．Start
them
young.
B．Rewrite
the
kids’
menu.
C．Be
a
role
model
and
eat
healthily
yourself.
D．Offer
praise
and
attention
instead
of
food
treats.
E．Let
kids
stop
eating
when
they
feel
they’ve
had
enough.
F．You
decide
which
foods
to
buy
and
when
to
serve
them.
G．Let
kids
choose
what
to
eat
and
how
much
of
it
they
want.
32．答案 F
解析 由该段标题“Parents
control
the
supply
lines.”和文中的“parents
should
decide...in
the
house”可知F项内容符合此处语境。
33．答案 E
解析 由该段标题“Say
goodbye
to
the
‘clean?plate
club’”和文中的“that
way
doesn’t
help...when
they
are
full”可知，如果孩子感觉吃饱了就不要再强迫他们非得把盘子里的食物吃光，这样对身体不好，故选E项。
34．答案 A
解析 本段主要是说要帮助孩子从小养成不挑食的好习惯，故用A项作为小标题最恰当。
35．答案 D
解析 由该段标题“Food
is
not
love.”和文中的“When
foods
are
used...feeling
worried
or
unhappy.”可知，作者建议不要用食物作为奖励，而是应该给予表扬和关注，故选D项。
36．答案 C
解析 由该段标题“Kids
do
as
you
do.”和文中的“When
trying
to
teach
good
eating
habits，try
to
set
the
best
example.”可知，要想培养孩子良好的饮食习惯，父母首先得以身作则，故选C项。
Ⅶ.微写作
写作素材(关于毒品)
1．现在有些青少年滥用毒品。
2．那些吸毒上瘾的人，很难活下来。
3．他们会感到不安、可耻、失望甚至绝望。
4．他们想戒毒，但是效果不好。
5．他们感到巨大的压力，需要帮助。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Nowadays
some
adolescents
abuse
drugs.Those
who
are
addicted
to
drugs
can
hardly
survive.They
feel
embarrassed，ashamed，disappointed
and
even
desperate.They
want
to
withdraw/quit，but
it
has
little
effect.They
feel
greatly
stressed
and
need
help.(共18张PPT)
A
healthy
life
Unit
3
PART
1
技法点拨
PART
2
写作训练
Period
Five Writing—Persuasive
writing：letter
of
advice
PART
1
技法点拨
文体分析
把握写作动脉
本单元的写作要求是写一封劝告信，属于应用文写作范畴。劝告信的目的是让人们的行为更加合理，对达到某一目的或实现某一愿望更加有利。一般说来，劝告比建议语气更重一些，有时还略带几分强制的意味，像“You’d
better...”就属于这一类句型。劝告信可采用“三段式”写法，第一段提出问题；第二段写“三要三不要”；第三段表明自己的看法和期望。
◆写作指导
(一)开头常用句式——引出话题
1.I
am
sorry
you
have
had
so
much
trouble
in...
2.You
have
asked
for
my
advice
on...and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions.
(二)主体常用句式——提出建议
1.In
my
opinion，it
would
be
wise
for
you
to
take
the
following
action.
2.First
of
all，...；Meanwhile，...；In
addition，...
3.It’s
important
for
you
to...
4.In
the
first
place，I
would
also
recommend
a
balanced
diet.
5.Why
not
drink
a
little，exercise，stop
smoking
and
eat
more
fruit?
◆常用表达
(三)结尾常用句式——提出期望
1.Cheer
up！Your
troubles
will
soon
be
over.
2.Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.
3.Don’t
lose
heart，whatever
happens.
4.I
will
be
very
glad
if
you
find
my
suggestions
useful.
5.Please
let
me
know
if
I
can
help
further.
PART
2
写作训练
弄清文络
写作妙笔生花
假设你是李华，你的英国笔友John写信询问你关于如何过低碳生活的有关情况。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封100词左右的回信，建议他也过低碳生活。
1.陈述理由：为什么要过低碳生活？(环境质量日益恶化等)
2.如何过低碳生活？提出至少三条建议。(必要时才开灯；让电器按节能方式运转；坐公交车或骑自行车；限制塑料袋；垃圾分类等)
注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：过低碳生活：live
a
low-carbon
life
审题
1.确定体裁：本文为建议信；
2.确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3.确定时态：主要使用一般现在时。
◆审题谋篇
谋篇
本文可以分为三个部分：
第一部分，点出写建议信的原因。
第二部分，具体可行的建议：正确使用电器；首选公交车或自行车；限制塑料袋；垃圾分类。
第三部分，提出希望。
必备词汇
1.日益恶化
___________________
2.一种做……的好方法
___________________
3.执行
___________________
4.开灯
___________________
5.让……运转
___________________
6.是某人的首选
___________________
7.排放
___________________
查看答案
◆遣词造句
go
from
bad
to
worse
a
good
way
to
do...
carry
out
turn
on
the
lights
keep...
working
be
one’s
first
choice
emission
关键句式
1.过低碳生活是减少温室气体排放的一种好方法。
Living
a
low-carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases.
2.我将用以下几种方法执行我的计划。
I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.
3.只有在必要时，我才会开灯。
I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
only
when
it
is
necessary.
4.为了节省能源，我将让冰箱和空调以低碳模式运转。
I
shall
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low-carbon
mode
to
save
energy.
5.公交车或自行车将是我的首选。
The
bus
or
bicycle
will
be
my
first
choice.
6.当我购物时，我将限制使用塑料袋。
When
I
go
shopping，I
will
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags.
7.只要有可能，我将把垃圾分成不可回收垃圾和可回收垃圾。
Whenever/No
matter
when
it
is
possible，I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non-recyclable
and
recyclable
waste.
句式升级
1.用as引导的原因状语从句连接句1和句2。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.用并列连词and连接句3和句4。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
查看答案
I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
only
when
necessary
and
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low-carbon
mode
to
save
energy.
As
living
a
low-carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases，I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.
3.用not
only...but
also...且not
only位于句首合并句6和句7。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
查看答案
Not
only
will
I
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags
when
I
go
shopping，but
also
I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non-recyclable
and
recyclable
waste
whenever
possible.
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇100词左右的英语短文。
Dear
John，
You
have
asked
for
my
advice
on
how
to
live
a
low-carbon
life
and
I
will
try
to
make
some
suggestions.With
the
environmental
pollution
going
from
bad
to
worse，I
sincerely
suggest
to
all
that
we
should
live
a
low-carbon
life
today.
查看答案
◆组句成篇
参考范文
As
living
a
low-carbon
life
is
a
good
way
to
reduce
the
emission
of
greenhouse
gases，I
shall
carry
out
my
plan
in
the
following
ways.To
begin
with，I
shall
turn
on
the
lights
when
necessary
and
keep
the
refrigerator
and
air
conditioners
working
in
the
low-carbon
mode
to
save
energy.Additionally，the
bus
or
bicycle
will
be
my
first
choice.Last
but
not
least，not
only
will
I
limit
the
use
of
plastic
bags
when
shopping，but
also
I
will
separate
my
rubbish
into
non-recyclable
and
recyclable
waste
whenever
possible.
I
hope
that
you
will
join
in
the
activity.
Yours，
Li
Hua
查看答案单元检测卷(三)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where
will
the
woman
go?
A．To
a
hotel.
B．To
the
man’s
house.
C．To
a
supermarket.
2．What
does
the
man
mean?
A．The
price
tag
of
the
tennis
shoes
is
missing.
B．The
woman
should
buy
a
pair
of
hiking
shoes.
C．The
tennis
shoes
are
not
so
expensive
as
the
woman
thinks.
3．How
does
the
man
suggest
the
woman
go
to
Bali?
A．By
air.
B．By
ship.
C．By
train.
4．What
does
the
man
suggest
the
woman
do?
A．Do
some
exercise.
B．Take
a
short
shower.
C．Have
a
rest.
5．What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A．A
robbery.
B．A
newspaper.
C．A
supermarket.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where
does
the
conversation
probably
take
place?
A．At
a
hotel.
B．At
the
customs.
C．At
a
travel
agency.
7．Why
does
the
woman
want
to
keep
the
man’s
passport?
A．To
follow
the
practice.
B．To
record
the
details
later.
C．To
make
a
copy
of
it.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A．Brother
and
sister.
B．Teacher
and
student.
C．Father
and
daughter.
9．What
is
the
woman’s
attitude
towards
the
man’s
idea?
A．Interested.
B．Uncertain.
C．Opposed.
10．Where
are
the
speakers?
A．In
Austria.
B．In
America.
C．In
Australia.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What
does
the
man
think
of
the
movie?
A．It’s
amazing.
B．It’s
disappointing.
C．It’s
worth
watching.
12．What
made
the
woman
confused
about
the
movie?
A．The
plot.
B．The
scenery.
C．The
special
effects.
13．What
do
we
know
about
the
woman?
A．She
likes
going
to
the
theatre.
B．She
read
a
lot
before
watching
the
movie.
C．She
is
familiar
with
the
characters
of
the
movie.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What
did
the
man
think
of
working
here
before?
A．Boring.
B．Enjoyable.
C．Challenging.
15．How
long
is
the
lunch
break
now?
A．Two
hours.
B．One
hour.
C．Half
an
hour.
16．Why
does
the
man
still
work
here?
A．The
salary
is
good.
B．There
are
more
chances
to
travel.
C．There
are
more
opportunities
to
learn
new
skills.
17．What
do
we
know
about
the
man?
A．He
works
more
as
a
team
now.
B．He
has
worked
long
in
this
company.
C．He
often
goes
out
with
his
colleagues
after
work.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What
is
the
speaker
talking
about?
A．His
hobbies.
B．The
changes
of
his
lifestyle.
C．His
photos.
19．How
many
cigarettes
did
the
speaker
use
to
smoke
a
day?
A．About
2.
B．About
18.
C．About
20.
20．What
helped
the
speaker
calm
down
a
lot?
A．Work.
B．Marriage.
C．Exercise.
答案 1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.A 9．C 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.A 17．B 18.B 19.C 20.B
听力材料
Text
1
M：Was
your
house
rented
out?
Would
it
be
convenient
to
see
the
room
now?
W：Could
you
come
later?
I’m
going
to
the
supermarket
now.
Text
2
W：Look!
How
expensive
the
tennis
shoes
are!
M：I
think
you
might
be
mistaken.The
price
tag
is
for
the
hiking
shoes
above.
Text
3
W：I
want
to
go
to
Bali
by
ship.
M：Why?
That’s
crazy.A
ship’s
too
slow.Fly.
W：A
plane
is
too
fast.I
want
to
relax
on
a
ship
for
a
few
days.
M：Well，have
a
nice
slow
ship.
Text
4
M：Ah!
It
feels
great
to
get
some
exercise.
W：Ugh...I’m
so
tired.I’m
going
to
take
a
long，hot
shower.
M：Oh，well，try
not
to
make
it
too
long.We
use
too
much
water
every
day.We
should
save
water.
Text
5
W：Is
there
any
important
information?
M：The
supermarket
at
the
corner
of
Fifth
Avenue
and
Park
Street
was
robbed
this
afternoon.
W：Oh，really?
Is
there
any
clue
about
it?
M：It’s
reported
that
the
robbery
is
related
to
one
of
their
guards.
Text
6
W：Would
you
mind
showing
me
your
passport，please?
M：My
passport?
W：Yeah，it’s
usual
practice
in
South
Africa，sir，to
record
the
passport
numbers
of
guests.
M：Here
you
are.
W：Thank
you.Would
you
like
me
to
call
your
room
when
the
passport
is
ready
for
collection?
M：What?
You
want
to
keep
it?
W：It’s
just
to
save
time
now，sir.I’m
very
busy
now，you
see.I
can
type
the
details
into
the
computer
later.Or
do
you
mind
waiting
here
now?
M：Yes，I
certainly
do.I’m
tired
after
that
flight
and
I
need
a
shower
and
a
rest.
W：I
understand.Here
is
your
key.You’re
in
Room
216.Enjoy
your
stay.
Text
7
M：You
know，Evelyn，I’m
thinking
about
doing
a
course
in
the
United
States.I
think
it’ll
help
my
career.
W：Oh.Well，what’ll
you
do
if
Mum
and
Dad
don’t
like
the
idea?
M：Oh，it’s
OK.I’ll
persuade
them.
W：Really?
I
don’t
think
Dad
will
like
the
idea.And
what’ll
you
do
if
the
course
is
really
difficult?
M：Easy.I’ll
get
some
help
from
my
teachers
and
other
students.
W：You
seem
very
confident.What’ll
you
do
if
you
don’t
like
the
other
students?
M：I’m
sure
I’ll
find
a
nice
American
girl!
W：Oh，really!
Steve，I
don’t
think
this
is
a
good
idea，you
know.There
are
lots
of
good
courses
here
in
Australia.
Text
8
W：Did
you
like
the
movie?
M：Mmm...to
be
frank，I
didn’t
think
it
was
as
good
as
the
former
ones，even
though
the
scenery
is
brilliant.How
about
you?
W：I
think
the
special
effects
were
amazing.But
I
was
a
little
bit
confused，for
the
plot
was
too
complicated
for
me.I
tried
hard
to
keep
track
of
all
the
characters
and
figure
out
what
was
going
on.
M：Did
you
read
the
books
before
watching
the
movie?
W：No.Did
you?
M：Yes，I
have
read
them
all.I
think
it’s
easier
to
follow
for
people
who
are
already
familiar
with
the
characters.By
the
way，do
you
often
go
to
the
movies?
W：Yeah.I
am
a
moviegoer
and
enjoy
killing
time
in
the
theatre.
Text
9
M：Good
morning!
I’m
Roy
Carroll.
W：Hello，Roy.Have
a
seat.Well，you
seem
to
have
the
longest
service
record—seventeen
years!
M：That’s
right.
W：Well，you’re
obviously
happy
here!
M：I
am，yes，although
it
used
to
be
more
fun.
W：Why’s
that?
M：Well，it
was
more
sociable.I
used
to
go
out
more
with
my
colleagues.When
I
first
started
here
we
had
very
long
lunch
breaks，sometimes
for
two
hours.Now
it’s
only
thirty
minutes.And
we
all
used
the
gym
together.That
doesn’t
happen
much
now.
W：Did
you
use
to
work
more
as
a
team?
M：Yes，we
did.We’re
more
on
our
own
now.I
also
used
to
travel
a
lot
more
too.They’ve
cut
down
on
that.
W：Has
anything
changed
for
the
better?
M：Yes，there
are
more
opportunities
to
learn
new
skills.The
money’s
much
better
now.That’s
why
I’m
still
here!
Text
10
M：A
lot
of
people
don’t
believe
it
when
they
see
pictures
of
me
when
I
was
young，because
I
used
to
look
really，really
different.I
used
to
have
quite
long
hair
and
wear
earrings.I
used
to
play
bass
in
a
band.We
made
a
few
records
and
we’d
go
on
tour
quite
a
lot.I
got
to
see
the
world
a
bit.I
used
to
be
a
bit
wilder
than
I
am.I’ve
really
calmed
down
quite
a
lot，but
when
I
was
eighteen，I’d
be
out
every
night，clubbing，dancing，drinking，you
know.I
used
to
smoke
around
twenty
a
day，but
I
decided
to
stop
it.It
was
difficult
at
the
beginning.I
tried
to
cut
it
down
to
eight
a
day.Then
I
finally
stopped
two
years
ago，and
took
up
jogging
instead!
I
think
getting
married
has
helped
me
calm
down
a
lot
too.I’m
much
happier
now.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Christmas
Light
Festivals
in
the
UK
Festival
of
Light，Longleat
Safari
Park，Wiltshire
Longleat
is
celebrating
its
50th
anniversary
this
year.Giant
lanterns
take
the
shape
of
some
of
the
park’s
animals，and
there
are
also
lots
of
characters
in
Beatrix
Potter’s
book，such
as
Peter
Rabbit，Jemima
Puddle
Duck，Squirrel
Nutkin，to
mark
the
150th
anniversary
of
the
author’s
birth.There
is
also
a
20?metre?high
birthday
cake.
·￡
27.85，adult/￡
20.65，child/under?threes，free.
·15
Dec.to
2
Jan.
Enchanted
Park，Gateshead
Enchanted
Park
is
an
interactive
walk
through
Saltwell
Park，just
south
of
the
town
centre，along
a
trail
(小径)
of
light
with
performances
and
sculptures.The
story
being
told
is
a
Midwinter
Night’s
Tale，inspired
by
the
400th
anniversary
of
William
Shakespeare’s
death.Visitors
can
join
stories
and
songs
with
Santa，and
attend
decorating
workshops.
·￡
8，adult/￡
2，child/under?fours，free.
·11－27
Dec.
Christmas
Glow，RHS
Wisley，Surrey
The
garden
is
glowing
with
giant
lighted
flowers.Some
of
the
trees
are
brilliant，too.The
glasshouse
is
decorated
like
a
gingerbread
house，and
displays(陈列)
seasonal
plants.There
are
lanterns
around
the
lake.The
cafe
serves
hot
chocolate
and
apple
juice.
·￡9.90，adult/￡3.60，child.
·20
Dec.to
2
Jan.
Christmas
at
Kew
Gardens，London
Kew
is
a
special
place
to
visit
at
any
time
of
the
day
or
year，but
the
festive
light
show
gives
it
a
magical
twist，as
the
mile?long
trail
through
the
garden
is
decorated
with
60,000
lights.Some
of
the
garden’s
oldest
and
tallest
trees
are
also
beautifully
lit
along
the
way.
·￡16，adult/￡10，child/￡48，family/
under?fours
free.
·24
Dec.to
2
Jan.
21．What
can
people
do
in
Enchanted
Park?
A．Visit
Shakespeare’s
house.
B．Listen
to
a
wonderful
tale.
C．Enjoy
hot
chocolate
and
apple
juice.
D．Play
the
part
of
Santa.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由Enchanted
Park，Gateshead中的第二、三句可知，在魔法公园，人们可以听到有趣的故事。故选B。
22．Which
place
will
attract
children
fond
of
fictional
animal
characters?
A．Longleat
Safari
Park.
B．Enchanted
Park.
C．RHS
Wisley.
D．Kew
Gardens.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由Festival
of
Light，LongLeat
Safari
Park，Wiltshire中的第二句可知，龙利特野生动物公园可以吸引喜欢虚拟动物角色的孩子。故选A。
23．How
much
is
the
admission
to
Kew
Gardens
for
Mr.Green
and
his
3?year?old
kid?
A．￡10.
B．￡16.
C．￡26.
D．￡48.
答案 B
解析 数字计算题。由Christmas
at
Kew
Gardens，London中的“￡
16，adult/￡
10，child/￡
48，family/under?fours
free.”可知，成年人门票16英镑，四岁以下儿童免费，所以16＋0＝16。故选B。
B
Health
experts
are
calling
for
action
to
expand
cancer
care
and
control
in
the
developing
world.A
medical
research
paper
says
cancer
was
once
thought
of
as
a
problem
mostly
in
the
developed
world.But
now
cancer
is
a
leading
cause
of
death
and
disability
in
poor
countries
as
well.Experts
from
Harvard
University
and
other
organizations
ask
the
international
community
to
fight
cancer
positively，saying
it
should
be
fought
in
the
way
AIDS
has
been
fought
in
Africa.
Cancer
kills
more
than
7.5
million
people
a
year
worldwide.Almost
two?thirds
are
in
low?income
and
middle?income
countries.
They
discover
cancer
kills
more
people
in
developing
countries
than
AIDS，tuberculosis(肺结核)
and
malaria(疟疾)
combined.But
the
world
spends
only
5%
of
its
cancer
resources
in
those
countries.
Felicia
Knaul
from
Harvard
Medical
School
was
one
of
the
authors
of
the
paper.She
was
in
Mexico
when
she
was
found
to
have
breast(乳腺)
cancer.She
received
treatment
there
and
her
experience
showed
her
the
sharp
difference
between
the
rich
and
the
poor
in
treating
breast
cancer.
Felicia
Knaul
says，“And
we
are
seeing
how
this
is
attacking
young
women.It’s
the
number
two
cause
of
death
in
Mexico
for
women
thirty
to
fifty?four.All
over
the
developing
world，it’s
the
number
one
cancer?related
death
among
young
women.I
think
we
have
to
again
say
that
there
is
much
more
we
could
do
about
it
than
we
are
doing
about
it.”
Professor
Knaul
met
community
health
workers
during
her
work
in
developing
countries.They
were
an
important
part
of
efforts
to
reduce
deaths
from
the
cancer.They
were
able
to
persuade
people
to
get
tested
to
prevent
the
illness.The
experts
say
cancer
care
does
not
have
to
be
costly.For
example，patients
can
be
treated
with
lower?cost
drugs.
24．What
is
the
passage
mainly
about?
A．Cancer—a
leading
cause
of
death
in
poor
countries.
B．What
should
we
do
in
preventing
and
treating
cancer?
C．What
makes
the
first
killer
in
developing
countries?
D．Experts
ask
more
efforts
to
fight
cancer
in
poor
countries.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。本文在第一段开头提出主题“Health
experts
are
calling
for
action
to
expand
cancer
care
and
control
in
the
developing
world.”然后就这个问题展开叙述。故选D项。
25．Felicia
Knaul’s
experience
in
Mexico
shows
that
.
A．many
Mexican
women
suffer
from
breast
cancer
B．there
is
not
enough
medicine
for
cancer
there
C．many
Mexican
women
can’t
afford
medical
care
D．patients
with
breast
cancer
are
treated
differently
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“She
received
treatment
there
and
her
experience
showed
her
the
sharp
difference
between
the
rich
and
the
poor
in
treating
breast
cancer.”可知，选D。
26．From
what
Felicia
Knaul
says，we
can
draw
the
conclusion
that
.
A．breast
cancer
is
a
great
threat
to
young
women
B．people
don’t
pay
enough
attention
to
breast
cancer
C．breast
cancer
is
the
second
killer
among
women
in
Mexico
D．good
treatment
for
breast
cancer
has
been
gained
in
developing
countries
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“All
over
the
developing
world，it’s
the
number
one
cancer?related
death
among
young
women.”可知，选A。
27．Who
plays
an
important
part
in
preventing
cancer
in
developing
countries?
A．The
cancer
patients.
B．The
health
experts.
C．Community
health
workers.
D．Young
women.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的前两句“Professor
Knaul
met
community
health
workers
during
her
work
in
developing
countries.They
were
an
important
part
of
efforts
to
reduce
deaths
from
the
cancer.”可知，选C。
C
My
first
full?time
job
after
high
school
was
selling
vacation
packages(旅行产品)
via
the
telephone
for
a
well?known
company.One
day，I
was
put
through
to
a
man
who
sounded
a
bit
out
of
breath.I
started
with
my
normal
pitch(音高)，expecting
to
hear
the
normal
reply—“I
don’t
want
any.”
Instead，he
spoke
in
a
faint，weak
voice
and
told
me
how
he
wished
to
take
a
vacation
I
was
offering，but
he
couldn’t
because
he
was
dying
of
illness.He
explained
how
he
was
lacking
in
oxygen
then，and
it
took
almost
all
his
energy
to
answer
the
call.He
asked
if
I
smoked，which
I
did，and
begged
me
to
stop.He
told
me
smoking
was
what
was
killing
him.He
told
me
to
spend
every
day
with
my
loved
ones，and
tell
them
how
much
I
love
them.At
this
point，I
couldn’t
control
myself.We
ended
the
call，but
I
held
on
my
phone
to
prevent
another
call
coming
in
so
I
could
collect
myself.
I
wrote
down
his
name
and
address，and
sent
him
a
card
appreciating
his
advice
and
praying
for
him
and
his
family.Shortly
after，I
received
a
letter
from
Frank，along
with
a
picture
of
him
and
his
wife.We
continued
to
write
back
and
forth
over
the
next
few
months，and
became
very
fond
of
each
other.He
was
old
enough
to
be
my
grandfather，and
in
many
ways，I
felt
as
if
he
was.
About
a
year
later
I
received
a
letter
from
his
wife.When
I
started
to
read，tears
came
to
my
eyes.She
told
me
how
Frank’s
battle
with
the
disease
had
finally
come
to
an
end，and
he
passed
away
shortly
before
the
Christmas.She
wanted
to
thank
me
for
the
letters
to
Frank，and
explained
how
Frank
touched
many
lives
over
the
years.At
his
funeral，to
show
just
that，they
read
the
1st
letter
I
had
written
to
Frank
to
show
how
he
affected
a
19?year?old
boy
he’d
never
met.
语篇解读 作者在工作的时候，认识了弗兰克，他已经得了很重的病，但是弗兰克的话给作者很大的触动，作者和他一直联系，直到弗兰克去世。
28．The
author
was
then
probably
working
for
.
A．a
travel
agency
B．a
cigarette
company
C．an
e?shopping
store
D．a
vacation
school
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。从第一段第一句“My
first
full?time
job
after
high
school
was
selling
vacation
packages(旅行产品)
via
the
telephone
for
a
well?known
company.”可知，作者那时可能是为旅行社工作。故选A。
29．The
underlined
part
“collect
myself”
in
the
second
paragraph
probably
means
“
”．
A．gather
together
B．disappoint
myself
C．cheer
myself
up
D．calm
down
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。从第二段中的“At
this
point，I
couldn’t
control
myself.We
ended
the
call，but
I
held
on
my
phone
to
prevent
another
call
coming
in...”可知，在当时，作者无法控制自己，电话结束后，作者没有挂断电话是避免另一个电话打进来，这样可以让自己冷静下来，可知“collect
myself”是“冷静下来”的意思。故选D。
30．What
can
we
infer
from
the
text?
A．Frank
was
in
hospital
while
answering
the
phone.
B．Frank
is
actually
the
author’s
grandfather.
C．There
was
something
wrong
with
Frank’s
lung.
D．The
author
asked
Frank
to
travel
and
he
took
his
advice.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。从第二段中的“He
asked
if
I
smoked，which
I
did，and
begged
me
to
stop.He
told
me
smoking
was
what
was
killing
him.”可以推断出弗兰克的肺出了问题。故选C。
31．We
can
learn
from
the
text
that
the
author
.
A．took
down
Frank’s
name
and
address
to
visit
him
in
person
B．was
warmly
welcomed
by
his
customers
when
he
called
them
C．didn’t
stop
smoking
even
though
Frank
asked
him
to
D．kept
in
touch
with
Frank
through
letters
until
he
died
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。从第三段中的“We
continued
to
write
back
and
forth
over
the
next
few
months...”及第四段中的“About
a
year
later
I
received
a
letter
from
his
wife.”可知，作者和弗兰克一直保持通信联系，直到弗兰克去世。故选D。
D
What
do
classrooms，computer
desks，cafeterias(自助食堂)，and
libraries
have
in
common?
That’s
the
places
where
students
spend
so
much
of
their
time.Although
hours
of
studying
burn
mental
energy，both
your
body
and
mind
need
physical
exercise
to
function
efficiently.
The
importance
of
exercise
is
nothing
new.Thomas
Jefferson
once
wrote
that
to
be
successful
in
academic
studies，a
person
should
spend
two
hours
on
exercise
every
day，for
health
must
not
be
sacrificed(牺牲)
for
learning.A
strong
body
makes
the
mind
strong.
It
turns
out
Jefferson
was
on
to
something.A
study
by
researchers
at
Tufts
University
found
that
students
who
said
they
exercised
at
least
3
days
a
week
were
more
likely
to
report
a
better
state
of
physical
health
and
greater
happiness
than
those
who
didn’t
exercise.This
and
other
evidence
suggest
that
the
real
benefits
of
exercise
may
not
come
right
after
a
workout
but
from
a
longer
commitment
to
regular
activity.
But
experts
today
do
not
demand
2
hours
of
daily
exercise.The
U．S.Department
of
Health
and
Human
Services
recommends
that
people
get
at
least
60
minutes
of
physical
activity
most
days
of
the
week.
Walking，jogging
and
swimming
are
easy
ways
to
increase
your
heart
rate
and
improve
health.Exercise
can
also
help
lower
blood
pressure
and
reduce
stress.For
women，exercise
that
makes
the
body
and
bones
bear
weight—like
walking
or
running—may
reduce
the
risk
of
osteoporosis(骨质疏松)
later
in
life.
You’ll
likely
discover
another
benefit
of
exercise
as
well：greater
self?confidence.This
may
make
it
easier
for
you
to
participate
in
class
and
help
you
perform
well
in
academic
and
social
situations.
语篇解读 许多学生因为功课繁重而忽视了锻炼，其实这样做得不偿失，因为健康是学业成功的保证。
32．It
can
be
inferred
from
the
first
paragraph
that
.
A．a
lot
of
students
like
to
read
while
eating
B．dining
halls
can
also
be
used
to
do
exercise
C．study
and
exercise
burn
the
same
amount
of
energy
D．many
students
don’t
pay
enough
attention
to
exercise
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。由第一段中的“That’s
the
places
where
students
spend
so
much
of
their
time.”可推知，许多学生不注重锻炼身体。
33．What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
3
mean?
A．Jefferson’s
statement
made
sense.
B．Jefferson
was
very
fond
of
exercise.
C．Jefferson
was
on
the
way
to
doing
exercise.
D．Jefferson
increased
the
importance
of
exercise.
答案 A
解析 句意理解题。下文给出的例子指出，研究表明一周至少锻炼三天的学生比不锻炼的学生身体素质更好也更快乐。由此可知，杰弗逊所说的话是“有一定的道理的”。
34．What
can
we
infer
from
the
text?
A．We
must
exercise
at
least
two
hours
every
day.
B．Those
who
like
to
exercise
won’t
suffer
any
illness.
C．We
must
exercise
regularly
if
we
want
to
enjoy
the
benefits.
D．Actually
exercise
can
replace
doctors
in
treating
serious
diseases.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由第三段中的“...the
real
benefits
of
exercise
may
not
come
right
after
a
workout
but
from
a
longer
commitment
to
regular
activity.”可推断出，要想享受到锻炼的益处必须有规律、持之以恒地锻炼，只有三分钟的热度是无济于事的。
35．What’s
mainly
talked
about
in
the
text?
A．The
importance
of
exercise.
B．How
to
choose
a
suitable
sport.
C．How
to
keep
healthy
by
exercising.
D．The
link
between
exercise
and
study.
答案 A
解析 主旨大意题。本文谈论的重点是锻炼的重要性。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some
people
choose
to
live
in
a
flat
sharing
with
others.Others
can’t
imagine
leaving
their
perfect
flats
to
live
with
lots
of
other
people.
If
you
live
alone，you’re
responsible
for
your
own
space.If
you
need
your
quiet
space，you’re
guaranteed
to
have
it.
36
And
you
can
catch
up
with
work
without
being
interrupted
or
have
a
long
and
undisturbed
bath.
However，there’s
no
one
around
if
you
need
a
helping
hand.If
something
gets
broken，you’ll
have
to
fix
it
yourself.
37
You
don’t
have
friends
at
home
to
invite
you
out
and
help
you
meet
people.There’s
no
one
at
home
to
have
a
cup
of
tea
with
and
talk
about
how
your
day
was.
38
Sometimes
when
you
get
home，the
cake
your
colleague
gave
you
as
a
thank?you
present
is
mysteriously
gone.Whenever
you
want
a
relaxing
bath，there’s
no
hot
water
left
and
someone
wants
to
come
in
every
five
minutes.It’s
also
rarely
quiet.Someone
always
seems
to
have
a
birthday
party
when
you
want
to
go
to
bed
early.
But
in
spite
of
all
that，there
can
be
some
wonderful
moments，like
waking
up
to
the
sound
of
the
hoover
(吸尘器)．
39
And
when
you
come
home
after
a
long
day，you
find
your
housemates
making
pizza
with
leftover
vegetables
while
you
watch
a
film.
40
So，what’s
your
choice?
A．You
can
be
alone
quite
a
lot.
B．That’s
when
it
all
seems
worth
it.
C．You
don’t
have
to
share
the
sofa
with
anyone.
D．Living
alone
has
become
more
popular
in
recent
years.
E．It’s
not
all
good
when
you
live
with
other
people，though.
F．You
will
realize
how
important
your
friends
and
family
are.
G．You
will
realize
someone
else
is
doing
the
cleaning
for
a
change.
36．答案 C
解析 本空承接上文，是对上一句“If
you
need
your
quiet
space，you’re
guaranteed
to
have
it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。
37．答案 A
解析 本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天。由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。
38．答案 E
解析 根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。
39．答案 G
解析 本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。
40．答案 B
解析 本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2018·黑龙江双鸭山一中高三上期末)
The
long
line
of
rush
hour
traffic
wounded
its
way
down
the
rain?slick(湿滑的)
street
as
I
glanced
nervously
at
my
watch.5:30!
Nothing
had
gone
right
all
day.This
traffic
jam
seemed
the
perfect
ending
to
a(n)
41
day.
I
sighed
loudly，
42
there
was
no
one
to
hear.Lately
my
life
seemed
43
more
than
a
never?ending
44
of
regular
tasks.Surely
there
was
more
to
living
than
this.I
guess
I
was
simply
too
tired
to
look
for
it.And
then，looking
45
，I
saw
him.
The
lone(孤零零的)
flagman
was
standing
46
the
street，
47
directing
four
driving
ways
of
traffic
as
they
48
into
one.But
there
was
something
49
about
this
flagman，and
as
my
car
50
，I
realized
what
it
was.Standing
among
dozens
of
impatient
motorists，he
was
smiling
and
51
at
every
driver
that
passed.
As
I
sat
waiting
my
52
in
my
warm
car，I
began
to
feel
53
.If
this
man，who
did
nothing
all
day
but
watch
one
car
after
another
54
，could
stand
in
the
cold
rain
hour
after
boring
hour
and
still
have
a
friendly
55
for
every
single
person
who
passed，what
right
did
I
have
to
56
my
life?
It
was
57
my
turn
to
pass
the
flagman.“Thank
you，”
I
mouthed
58
the
window.He
smiled
and
nodded
and
I
drove
on，spirits
lifted，
59
changed.And
in
the
rear
view
mirror(后视镜)
I
could
see
him，raising
his
hand
and
60
to
every
car
that
passed.
语篇解读 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在一个下雨天，作者因交通堵塞而心烦气躁，开始抱怨生活的一成不变。在等着通过十字路口时，一位在雨中一直面带微笑、耐心指挥交通的交警让作者明白了一个道理——生活快乐与否是由自己的心态决定的。
41．A.horrible
B．enjoyable C．interesting
D．dangerous
答案 A
解析 horrible极坏的，糟糕的；enjoyable愉快的；interesting有趣的；dangerous危险的。根据上一句“Nothing
had
gone
right
all
day.”可知，作者这一天过得都不顺利，故此处应该指糟糕的一天。故选A。
42．A.so
B．although
C．if
D．when
答案 B
解析 so因此，属于并列连词；although尽管，虽然；if如果，是否，可以引导条件状语从句或名词性从句；when当……时，正在……时，引导时间状语从句。对比空格前后两分句“I
sighed
loudly”与“there
was
no
one
to
hear”可知，前后两分句之间是转折让步关系。本句句意应为：我重重地叹了口气，尽管没有人会听。故选B项。
43．A.everything
B．something
C．anything
D．nothing
答案 D
解析 根据下一句“Surely
there
was
more
to
living
than
this.”可知，本句作者是在强调自己现在的生活不过是简单的重复罢了。nothing
more
than等于nothing
but，是固定短语，意为“只不过，仅仅”，符合句意。故选D。
44．A.discovery
B．cycle
C．expectation
D．sacrifice
答案 B
解析 discovery发现；cycle圆圈，环；expectation期待；sacrifice牺牲。根据空格前的修饰词“never
ending”可知，此处作者强调自己的日常生活无限循环，一成不变。故选B。
45．A.right
B．left
C．backward
D．forward
答案 D
解析 根据最后一段第一句“It
was
my
turn
to
pass
the
flagman.”和最后一句中“And
in
the
rear
view
mirror(后视镜)
I
could
see
him”可知，作者此时应在朝前看，这样才能看见这位交警。故选D。
46．A.next
to
B．away
from
C．in
the
middle
of
D．ahead
of
答案 C
解析 next
to贴近，紧靠……旁边；away
from离开；远离；in
the
middle
of在……中间；ahead
of在……前。根据常识及第三段最后一句中的“Standing
among
dozens
of
impatient
motorists”可知，这位交警应是站在路中央指挥交通。故选C。
47．A.patiently
B．eagerly
C．wisely
D．calmly
答案 A
解析 patiently耐心地；eagerly急切地；wisely明智地；calmly镇定地。根据第三段最后一句中的“Standing
among
dozens
of
impatient
motorists，he
was
smiling”可知，这位交警很有耐心。故选A。
48．A.exchanged
B．combined
C．crashed
D．jumped
答案 B
解析 exchange交换；combine合并，组合；crash撞击；jump跳跃。根据句中的“four
driving
ways”与“into
one”可知，本句指从四条车道上来的车流在此汇聚到一条车道上。故选B。
49．A.common
B．wrong
C．unusual
D．outstanding
答案 C
解析 common普通的；wrong错误的；unusual特别的，不寻常的；outstanding杰出的。根据下文可知，作者强调这位交警除了有耐心外，还有一些与众不同的地方。故选C。
50．A.started
B．stopped
C．approached
D．passed
答案 C
解析 start开始；stop停下来；approach靠近；pass通过。根据最后一段第一句“It
was
my
turn
to
pass
the
flagman.”可知，由于堵车，作者是缓缓靠近这位交警。故选C。
51．A.waving
B．staring
C．aiming
D．shouting
答案 A
解析 wave挥手；stare盯着看；aim瞄准；shout大喊。因为这位交警在指挥交通，所以根据常识可知，他向每位通过的车主微笑，并挥手示意前行。与最后一段最后一句中的“raising
his
hand”相照应。故选A。
52．A.order
B．request
C．turn
D．fortune
答案 C
解析 order命令，秩序；request请求；turn轮流，转动，变换；fortune运气，财富。根据上文内容可知，这里车流汇集，交通拥挤。结合最后一段第一句中的“It
was
my
turn”可知，此处作者应是等着轮到自己通过。wait
one’s
turn等着轮到某人。故选C。
53．A.annoyed
B．delighted
C．disappointed
D．ashamed
答案 D
解析 annoyed生气的；delighted高兴的；disappointed失望的；ashamed羞愧的。根据本段最后一句中的“what
right
did
I
have
to
my
life”可知，与这位在雨中一直微笑着耐心指挥交通的交警相比，作者为自己的抱怨感到羞愧。故选D。
54．A.go
up
B．go
by
C．get
along
D．get
through
答案 B
解析 go
up升起，上涨；go
by经过，路过；get
along前进，沿着……走；get
through穿过，接通，用完。根据上一段中的“and
at
every
driver
that
passed”及本句中的“for
every
single
person
who
passed”可知，他在指挥这些车顺利通过路口。故选B。
55．A.glance
B．gesture
C．move
D．treat
答案 B
解析 glance一瞥；gesture手势；move移动；treat对待，款待。根据上一段中的“he
was
smiling
and
at
every
driver
that
passed”和最后一段中的“raising
his
hand”可知，他用一种友好的手势指挥每一个人通过路口。故选B。
56．A.complain
about
B．burst
into
C．look
down
upon
D．set
aside
答案 A
解析 complain
about抱怨……；burst
into爆发；look
down
upon看不起；set
aside搁置。根据第一段和第二段内容可知，作者抱怨自己那天过得很糟糕，而且最近生活也是一成不变。但与这位交警相比后，作者发现自己其实是没理由抱怨的。故选A。
57．A.certainly
B．luckily
C．merely
D．finally
答案 D
解析 certainly一定；luckily幸运地；merely仅仅；finally最后，终于。根据上一段首句中的“As
I
sat
waiting
my
in
my
warm
car”可知，本句指终于轮到作者通过路口了。故选D。
58．A.from
B．through
C．off
D．in
答案 B
解析 from从……；through通过，穿过；off离开；in在……里。根据空格后“the
window”可知，因为作者坐在车里，所以此处应指作者透过车窗跟这位交警说了一声“谢谢”。故选B。
59．A.anxiety
B．attitude
C．experience
D．doubt
答案 B
解析 anxiety焦虑；attitude态度；experience经验，经历；doubt怀疑。根据空格前“spirits
lifted”可知，受这位交警积极的生活态度的影响，作者的情绪好转了，对生活的态度也改变了，不再抱怨了。故选B。
60．A.talking
B．explaining
C．greeting
D．whispering
答案 C
解析 talk交谈；explain解释；greet迎接，打招呼；whisper耳语。根据上一段最后一句中的“and
still
have
a
friendly
for
every
single
person
who
passed”可知，此处指作者从后视镜看到这位交警正举着手问候每辆经过的汽车。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
university
professor
and
his
elderly
mother
have
become
social
media
stars
in
China.Prof
Hu
has
been
bringing
his
80?year?old
mother，
61
has
Alzheimer’s，to
his
classes.Freshmen
at
the
university
at
first
assumed
that
she
was
a
62
(retire)
professor
sitting
in
his
classes
before
63
(realise)
it
was
Prof
Hu’s
mother.She
is
very
quiet
during
his
classes
and
the
students
have
come
to
accept
her
with
64
(warm)．
It
is
reported
that
Prof
Hu’s
father
died
in
2011，and
although
he
has
65
(young)
sisters，he
has
taken
on
the
responsibility
of
looking
after
his
mother，because
her
brain
disease
means
that
he
is
the
only
one
she
recognises.He
said
that
her
symptoms
were
now
so
severe
66
“when
she
is
holding
a
soft
drink，sugar，salt，or
washing
powder，she
cannot
tell
the
difference
between
them”．
Weibo
users
have
praised
Prof
Hu
67
a
filial
son(孝子)，as
well
as
a
good
educator—not
just
in
economics，but
in
life.
Respect
towards
parents，elders
and
ancestors
68
(consider)
a
key
value
in
Chinese
society
and
culture.The
concept
69
(go)
back
to
400BC
and
is
a
core
virtue
of
Confucianism(儒家)，described
in
the
early
70
(work)
of
China’s
best?known
scholar.
语篇解读 一位大学教授和他年迈的母亲在中国社交媒体已经成为明星。本文叙述的是这位教授胡教授是一个孝子，一直照顾着已经八十岁患老年痴呆症的母亲，这充分体现出中国的传统美德——孝道。
61．答案 who
解析 句意为：胡教授一直带着他的母亲，她得了老年痴呆症。此空后是谓语动词，空前是逗号，没有主语，所以后半句应该是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是mother，故答案为who。
62．答案 retired
解析 由语境知，此处指新生以为他母亲是一名退休的教授。retired退休的，此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为retired。
63．答案 realizing/realising
解析 此处指在意识到那是胡教授的母亲以前。before是介词，后面用动名词形式，故答案为realizing/realising。
64．答案 warmth
解析 此处with为介词，后跟名词，其作用相当于一个副词。with
warmth＝warmly热情地。故用名词warmth。
65．答案 younger
解析 此处指尽管他有妹妹们，他却承担了照顾母亲的责任。younger
sisters妹妹们，故答案为younger。
66．答案 that
解析 句意为：他说现在她的症状非常严重以至于当她拿着饮料、糖、盐或洗衣粉时她不能区分开来。此处是so...that...引导的结果状语从句，故答案为that。
67．答案 as
解析 praise
sb.as...称赞某人为……，故答案为as。
68．答案 is
considered
解析 句意为：对父母、长辈和祖先的尊重被认为是中国社会和文化的关键所在。根据句意可知句子用一般现在时的被动语态，句子的主语是respect，为不可数名词，故答案为is
considered。
69．答案 goes
解析 根据and后的is可知，空处应用一般现在时态；The
concept是句子主语，单数第三人称形式，故答案为goes。
70．答案 works
解析 句意为：这种思想追溯到公元前400年，儒家思想的核心美德，它被描述在中国知名学者的早期作品中。works作品，故答案为works。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My
favorite
sport
is
playing
basketball.In
the
middle
school，I
joined
the
school
basketball
team.All
the
teammate
practised
hard
after
school.Once
our
school
had
match
against
another
school.At
the
very
beginning，we
were
so
nervous
which
we
couldn’t
cooperate
very
good，because
it
was
the
first
time
for
us
to
compete
for
the
honor
of
our
school.In
the
half
match
they
fell
behind.Our
leader
calls
us
together
and
said
that
we
must
get
uniting
to
beat
them.Then
we
tried
our
best
and
won
the
game
on
last.Play
basketball
makes
me
to
realize
the
importance
of
union
and
team
work.
答案
My
favorite
sport
is
playing
basketball.In
the
middle
school，I
joined
the
school
basketball
team.All
the
practised
hard
after
school.Once
our
school
had
match
against
another
school.At
the
very
beginning，we
were
so
nervous
we
couldn’t
cooperate
very
，because
it
was
the
first
time
for
us
to
compete
for
the
honor
of
our
school.In
the
half
match
fell
behind.Our
leader
us
together
and
said
that
we
must
get
to
beat
them.Then
we
tried
our
best
and
won
the
game
last.
basketball
makes
me
to
realize
the
importance
of
union
and
team
work.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是张明，准备参加最近你们学校开展的主题为“A
Healthy
Lifestyle”的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿，要点如下：
1．乐观的人生态度；
2．努力学习；
3．参加体育锻炼。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．标题及开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
A
Healthy
Lifestyle
Hello
everyone！I’m
Zhang
Ming
and
I’m
very
honoured
to
stand
here
to
give
you
a
speech.
参考范文
A
Healthy
Lifestyle
Hello
everyone！I’m
Zhang
Ming
and
I’m
very
honoured
to
stand
here
to
give
you
a
speech.
We
hope
we
will
grow
up
happily
and
healthily，and
for
this
goal
we
must
do
several
things.
To
begin
with，we
should
develop
a
positive
attitude
towards
life.Life
consists
of
not
only
sunshine
but
also
hard
times.We
should
be
brave
in
front
of
difficulties.Moreover，we
must
study
hard
because
knowledge
is
power.If
we
have
the
power，we
can
help
to
build
our
country
and
enjoy
our
life
better.In
order
to
study
well，we
need
to
do
sports
so
that
we
can
keep
fit.We
can
go
running，play
ball
games
or
simply
take
a
walk
after
a
day’s
study.In
short，I’m
convinced
that
if
we
do
those
things
well，we
will
be
able
to
grow
up
happily
and
healthily.(共29张PPT)
A
healthy
life
Unit
3
PART
1
语法导学
PART
2
达标检测
Period
Four Grammar—The
use
of
“it”(1)
PART
1
语法导学
感悟规律
重点难点剖析
感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题
◆语法感知
1.It
is
a
beautiful
day
here
and
I
am
sitting
under
the
big
tree
at
the
end
of
the
garden.
2.It
seems
amazing
that
at
my
age
I
am
still
fit
enough
to
cycle
20
kilometres
in
an
afternoon.
3.It
is
my
birthday
in
two
weeks’
time
and
I’ll
be
82
years
old!
4.Your
mother
tells
me
that
you
started
smoking
some
time
ago
and
now
you
are
finding
it
difficult
to
give
it
up.
5.Believe
me，I
know
how
easy
it
is
to
begin
smoking
and
how
tough
it
is
to
stop.
6.This
means
that
after
a
while
your
body
becomes
accustomed
to
having
nicotine
in
it.
7.As
you
know，if
you
do
the
same
thing
over
and
over
again，you
begin
to
do
it
automatically.
8.I
didn’t
know，for
example，that
it
could
do
terrible
damage
to
your
heart
and
lungs
or
that
it
was
more
difficult
for
smoking
couples
to
become
pregnant.
1.it可以用作非人称代词，指代
，如句1；也可以指代
，如句3。
2.it用作非人称代词时，可以指代
，如句4中的第二个it、句6、句7和句8中的第一个it。
3.it可以代替
，作形式主语，如句2；也可代替
作形式主语，如句5和句8中的第二个it。
4.it可以代替
作形式宾语，如句4中的第一个it。
查看答案
天气
时间
前面所说的部分内容或某个东西
主语从句
不定式
不定式
一、it
作人称代词
1.it的最基本用法是作代词，主要指上文提到的事物，以避免重复：
Xi’an
is
a
beautiful
city，isn’t
it?
西安是个美丽的城市，不是吗？
2.也可以指动物、婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子)或不明身份的人：
—Is
this
your
dog?
—No，it
isn’t.
——这是你的狗吗？
——不是。
◆语法精析
Her
new
baby
is
tiny；it
only
weighs
2
kilos.
她刚生的宝宝个头很小，才两千克重。
—Who
is
it
knocking
at
the
door?
—It
might
be
the
postman.
——谁在敲门？
——可能是邮递员。
二、it作非人称代词
1.指天气：
It
is
a
lovely
day，isn’t
it?
天气真不错，不是吗？
It
is
a
bit
windy.有点风。
2.指时间：
It
was
nearly
midnight
when
she
came
back.
她回来时已近午夜。
3.指环境：
It
was
very
quiet
in
the
café.
咖啡馆里非常安静。
4.指距离：
It
is
half
an
hour’s
walk
to
the
city
centre
from
my
home.
从我家到市中心有半小时的步行路程。
5.指日期：
—What’s
the
date
today?
—It’s
May
1,2018.
——今天是几号？
——2018年5月1日。
6.指季节：
It
is
summer
now.
现在是夏季。
三、it作形式主语
1.it作形式主语替代动词不定式
(1)It
be＋adj.＋(for
sb.
)
to
do
sth.
此处的形容词通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right，wrong，important，unimportant，legal，illegal，well-mannered，ill-mannered，polite，impolite，clear，obvious，certain，suitable，proper，fit，useful，useless，dangerous等。
It
is
illegal
(for
a
teenager)
to
drive
a
car
without
a
license.
青少年没有驾照开车是违法的。
(2)It
be＋adj.＋of
sb.
to
do
sth.
此处的形容词通常为描述人的形容词：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful，careless，silly，foolish，stupid，clever，wise，crazy等。
It’s
kind
of
you
to
help
me
with
the
problem.
帮我解决问题，你真是太好了。
2.it作形式主语替代主语从句
(1)It
is＋adj.＋从句
It
is
clear
(obvious/true/possible/certain/...)
that...
该句型中it
是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚(显然，真的……)”。例如：
It
is
very
clear
that
he’s
round
and
tall
like
a
tree.
很明显他又胖又高像一棵树。
(2)It
is＋v.-ed＋that...＝Sb.
/Sth.
is＋v.-ed＋to
do
It
is
said
(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped/...)
that...
该句型中的it
仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；该结构常译为“据说(据报道，据悉……)”。
It
is
said
that
he
has
come
to
Beijing.
据说他已经来北京了。
It
is
reported
that
another
earth
satellite
has
been
put
into
orbit.
据报道另一个地球卫星已发射进轨道。
(3)It
is＋n.＋that...
It
is
a
pity
(a
shame/an
honor/a
good
thing/a
fact/a
surprise/...)
that...
该句型中，如果表示出乎意料等感情，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省去，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如：
It
is
a
pity
that
such
a
thing
(should)
happen
in
your
class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
It
is
a
pity
that
he
is
ill.
他生病了，真遗憾！
四、it作形式宾语
当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it
作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。常用的动词有think，believe，make，find，consider，feel等。
I
think
it
no
use
arguing
with
him.
我认为和他争吵没有用。
I
found
it
very
interesting
to
study
English.
我发现学英语非常有趣。
He
made
it
clear
that
he
was
not
interested
in
this
subject.
他非常清楚地表示他对这门学科不感兴趣。
疑难辨析
一、it替代作主语的动名词或不定式的常见句型
It’s
no
good/use
doing...
It’s
(well)
worth
doing...
It’s
worthwhile
doing/to
do...
二、it常用的固定搭配
1.make
it
(1)在口语当中相当于succeed，表示“成功，做到，说定，赶上，及时到达”。例如：
He
never
really
made
it
as
an
actor.
他从来就不是一个成功的演员。
(2)在口语中相当于fix
the
date
for，表示“约定好时间”。例如：
—Shall
we
meet
next
week?
—OK.We
just
make
it
next
Saturday.
——我们下星期见面好吗？
——好。那我们约定好下星期六吧。
2.take
it/things
easy相当于don’t
worry或don’t
hurry，用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，沉住气”。
Take
it
easy!
He
will
do
it
well.
别担心！他会做好的。
3.it
all
depends/that
all
depends
在口语中，相当于it
hasn’t
been
decided
yet，表示“视情况而定”。
—Are
you
going
to
the
countryside
for
holiday?
—It/That
all
depends.
——你要去乡村度假吗？
——那得看情况。
4.it’s
up
to
sb.
在口语中，相当于it’s
decided
by
sb.
表示“由……决定，由……负责，取决于……”。
—Shall
we
go
out
for
dinner?
—It’s
up
to
you.
——我们出去吃晚饭吗？
——你决定吧。
Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空
1.Many
westerners
who
come
to
China
cook
much
less
than
in
their
own
countries
once
they
realize
how
cheap
can
be
to
eat
out.(2018·浙江)
2.
can
be
concluded
that
restaurant
keepers
need
not
“be
overly
concerned
about
‘bad’
tables，”
given
that
they’re
profitable.(2018·江苏)
3.Whatever
you’re
looking
for，color
is
the
key
to
making
a
room
feel
the
way
you
want
to
feel.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
◆高考链接
it
查看答案
It
it
4.The
event
celebrates
its
22nd
anniversary
with
a
great
show
of
the
very
best
of
gardening，making
one
of
the
most
popular
events
in
gardening.
(2018·全国Ⅲ)
5.When
comes
to
technology
and
reading，the
report
does
little
to
counsel(建议)
parents
looking
for
data
about
the
effect
of
e-readers
and
tablets
on
reading.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
6.I
can’t
find
my
purse.I
could
have
left
in
the
supermarket
yesterday，but
I’m
not
sure.(2018·天津)
it
查看答案
it
it
7.For
most
of
the
last
century，the
car
represented
what
meant
to
be
American—going
forward
at
high
speed
to
find
new
worlds.(2018·浙江)
8.However，the
railway
quickly
proved
to
be
a
great
success
and
within
six
months，more
than
25,000
people
were
using
every
day.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
it
查看答案
it
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.It
was
both
excited
and
frightening
to
be
up
there！(2016·浙江，短文改错)
2.Close
to
the
school
there
was
a
beautiful
park
with
many
trees
around
them.
(2015·浙江，短文改错)
3.It
is
difficult
to
understanding
why
she
barks
every
minute
she’s
outside.
(2014·辽宁，短文改错)
4.We
were
organizing
an
art
exhibition
for
high
school
students
in
the
city.This
will
be
held
on
the
9th
of
July
in
the
Exhibition
Hall
of
Beihai.
(2008·宁夏，短文改错)
exciting
查看答案
it
understand
It
5.Now，I
fully
understand
how
hard
is
to
earn
money.
(2008·浙江，短文改错)
查看答案
∧
it
PART
2
达标检测
当堂检测
基础达标演练
1.This
house
is
beautiful
with
a
garden.We
really
like
very
much.
2.Well，you
mustn’t
play
on
the
road.
is
dangerous.
3.Someone
is
ringing
the
doorbell.Go
and
see
who
is.
4.—I
have
a
new
copy
of
the
book.I’d
like
to
send
to
you.
—No，thanks.I’d
rather
buy
in
the
bookstore.
5.The
mistake
made
impossible
for
us
to
go
on.
6.From
the
teacher’s
patient
explanation,
I
have
learnt
what
a
big
responsibility
is
to
educate
us.
Ⅰ.用适当的代词填空
查看答案
it
It
it
it
one
it
it
7.I
know
is
important
to
know
my
own
limitations,
but
what
is
difficult
is
to
help
others
to
know
their
own
limitations.
8.I
would
appreciate
very
much
if
you
could
give
me
some
suggestions.
9.
never
occurred
to
me
that
you
could
succeed
in
persuading
him
to
change
his
mind.
10.Will
you
see
to
that
my
children
are
taken
good
care
of
while
I
am
away?
查看答案
it
it
It
it
11.
your
dictionary
with
me.
与我共用你的字典，你真是太好了。
12.What’s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
___________
.
更糟的是，一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人认为遵守交通规则不重要。
13.He
he
is
quite
well
again.
多亏医生的照料，他的身体又好起来了。
Ⅱ.完成句子
It’s
kind
of
you
to
share
think
it
vital
to
observe
traffic
rules
owes
it
to
his
doctor’s
care
that
查看答案
14.We
all
Mile
can
succeed.
我们都想当然地认为米莱能成功。
15.
from
your
hometown
to
Beijing?
从你的家乡到北京有多远？
take
it
for
granted
that
How
far
is
it
查看答案单元知识回顾——默写练习(三)
Ⅰ.单元知识回顾(共30小题；每题2分，满分60分)
1．写出与
stress有关的短语
(1)强调某事；给某物压力lay/place/put
stress
on
sth.
(2)在压力下under
stress
(3)过度劳累；紧张stress
out
2．写出与ban有关的短语
(1)禁止做某事ban
doing
sth.
(2)禁止某人做某事ban
sb.from
doing
sth.
(3)关于某事的禁令a
ban
on
sth.
3．沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动be/become
addicted
to
sth./doing
sth.
4．写出与
effect有关的短语
(1)对……有影响have
an
effect
on/upon
(2)实际上；在实施中，有效in
effect
(3)生效；开始实施come
into
effect
(4)起作用take
effect
5．想要(做)某事feel
like(doing)
sth.＝would
like(to
do)
sth.
6．写出与
desperate有关的短语
(1)极想要……/渴望得到……be
desperate
for
(2)极想做某事be
desperate
to
do
sth.
7．写出与
ashamed有关的短语
(1)为……而感到羞耻be
ashamed
of...
(2)羞于/耻于做某事be
ashamed
to
do
sth.
8．写出与risk有关的短语
(1)冒险take
risks/a
risk
(2)冒着……的风险at
the
risk
of
doing...
(3)处境危险；遭受危险at
risk
(4)冒险(做)……；冒着……的风险risk
(doing)
sth.
9．写出与get
有关的短语
(1)陷入；染上(坏习惯)get
into
(2)逃脱惩罚get
away
with
(3)开始认真做get
down
to
(4)通过；完成get
through
10．写出与survive有关的短语
(1)仅靠……维持生计survive
on...
(2)比某人多活……
survive
sb.by...
11．写出与
judge有关的短语
(1)在某人看来in
one’s
judgement
(2)根据……判断judging
from/by...
12．写出与embarrass有关的短语
(1)对做某事感到尴尬be/feel
embarrassed
to
do
sth.
(2)对……感到难为情/不知所措be/feel
embarrassed
about/at...
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每题4分，满分20分)
13．I
seem
to
lose
something
every
time
I
travel.
我好像每次旅行都会丢东西。
14．As
we
all
know，failure
is
the
mother
of
success.
正如我们所知，失败是成功之母。
15．You
may
find
it
very
difficult
to
have
enough
time
to
have
sports.
你可能会发现找到足够的时间去锻炼非常难。
16．It
was
when
I
arrived
at
the
cinema
that
I
realized
I
had
left
my
ticket
at
home.
正是当我到达电影院之时，我才意识到我把票忘在家里了。
17．When
do
you
suggest
we
hold
a
meeting
to
talk
about
the
problem?
你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？
Ⅲ.知识运用于语境(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
Let’s
Help
Adolescents
Whether
they
are
male
or
female，adolescents
feel
like
deciding
on
everything
themselves
in
spite
of
parents’
instruction,
18.especially(especial)
when
they
face
problems
like
sex，mental
stress，etc.,
19.which
make
them
feel
ashamed
and
embarrassed.Thus
they
often
automatically
get
into
trouble
due
to
their
20.imperfect(perfect)
comprehension
and
judgement.Some
21.are
addicted(addict)
to
cigarettes，only
several
packets
22.of
which
will
hurt
their
lungs
and
make
them
breathless
quickly.Others
can’t
quit
drinking
alcohol，whose
harmful
effects
include
causing
young
pregnant
women
to
abort
or
give
birth
to
23.abnormal(normal)
babies.The
worst
is
drug
abuse，for
the
24.withdrawal(withdraw)
is
tough
once
their
bodies
are
accustomed
to
the
drugs.Meanwhile，those
who
share
needles
bought
from
illegal
chemists
are
at
great
risk
of
25.being
infected(infect)
with
desperate
AIDS.If
so，neither
26.injecting(inject)
nor
taking
pills
can
guarantee
their
survival.
However，don’t
be
disappointed
at
or
have
prejudice
against
our
children
so
easily.After
all，being
awkward
is
an
appendix
of
youth.As
long
27.as
we
strengthen
communication
with
them
instead
of
only
banning
this
or
banning
that，we
will
surely
help
them
avoid
anything
unfit.
