课时分层作业(十二) Section
Ⅲ、Ⅳ
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Shake
him
gently(gentle)
to
see
if
he
responds.
2．The
road
was
blocked
(block)by
a
huge
rock.
3．When
war
broke
out
he
returned
to
England
and
joined
the
army.
4．I
got
out
of
bed
and
pulled(pull)the
curtains，so
warm
sunshine
poured
through
the
windows
into
the
room.
5．Watch
out
for
the
fire，or
you'll
get
burnt.
6．Cheer
up!
I'm
sure
you'll
feel
better
tomorrow.
7．This
big
stone
is
three
times
as
heavy
as
that
one.
8．This
hall
is
five
times
bigger(big)
than
our
classroom.
9．At
the
end
of
the
interview
I
was
dazed
and
exhausted(exhaust)．
10．He
caught
hold
of
a
floating(float)
log
in
the
sea.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．That
the
old
man's
son
wanted
to
know
was
where
the
gold
had
been
hidden.
That→What
2．What
she
will
refuse
the
offer
of
help
seems
unlikely.
What→That
3．It
was
a
problem
that
they
would
support
us.
that→whether
4．Whatever
makes
mistakes
must
correct
them.
Whatever→Whoever
5．Why
they
will
solve
the
serious
problem
today
has
not
been
decided.
Why→How
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When
I
was
four
years
old，I
got
stung(螫)
by
a
bee－twice
in
one
week！After
that，I
had
a
fear
of
bees.That's
when
my
parents
suggested
that
I
learn
about
bees
instead
of
being
frightened.I
read
picture
books
and
watched
videos
about
bees，and
I
learned
that
bees
help
make
the
food
we
eat
because
of
their
pollination(授粉)．Take
pizza，for
example.If
we
didn't
have
bees
to
pollinate
tomato
plants，we
wouldn't
have
tomatoes
for
sauce.And
we
wouldn't
have
cheese
without
pollination，either.
The
bad
news
is
that
bees
are
struggling
to
survive.Many
are
dying.Some
scientists
think
it
might
be
because
of
chemicals
that
are
used
to
kill
other
insects.What
would
happen
if
there
were
no
more
bees?
I
wanted
to
help.I
thought,
“What
if
I
make
lemonade，sell
it，and
raise
money
to
help
bees？”
I
talked
to
my
grandmother
Helen.She
gave
me
her
recipe(调制法)
for
lemonade.It
came
from
a
cookbook
from
1940.
I
added
honey
to
her
old
recipe.That
way，I
could
sell
the
lemonade
and
donate
some
of
the
money
to
groups
that
are
helping
to
save
bees.I
could
also
support
local
beekeepers
by
using
their
honey
in
my
product.And
I
would
be
educating
others
on
the
importance
of
bees
and
helping
to
save
them.
My
dad
showed
me
how
to
work
out
what
supplies
I
needed
to
buy.At
first，I
sold
lemonade
at
a
stand
at
a
kids'
business
event.But
I
wanted
to
help
bees
all
year
round.We
talked
to
a
pizza
place
near
where
I
live.They
said
they
wanted
to
sell
it.Now
more
than
30
stores
sell
it，too.This
year
we
sold
about
140，000
bottles.I
love
helping
to
save
bees.It's
the
sweetest
feeling
ever.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了小女孩了解蜜蜂之后，通过销售自制蜂蜜柠檬汁来帮助那些处于危难之中的蜜蜂。
1．After
learning
about
bees，the
author
．
A．discovered
their
importance
to
people
B．developed
an
interest
in
insects
C．knew
how
to
deal
with
them
D．became
afraid
of
them
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I
learned
that
bees
help
make
the
food
we
eat
because
of
their
pollination...we
wouldn't
have
cheese
without
pollination，either”可知，女孩通过了解蜜蜂认识到了蜜蜂的重要性。故选A。]
2．What
led
the
author
to
start
her
business?
A．Bees'
worrying
condition.
B．A
cookbook
from
1940.
C．Helen's
special
recipe.
D．Her
parents'
words.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The
bad
news
is
that
bees
are
struggling
to
survive.Many
are
dying...What
would
happen
if
there
were
no
more
bees？I
wanted
to
help.”可知，蜜蜂的处境很危险，作者对此很担忧，因此打算卖柠檬汁来帮助蜜蜂。故选A。]
3．Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
the
author?
A．Careful
and
polite.
B．Kind
and
caring.
C．Brave
and
smart.
D．Strong
and
patient.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I
wanted
to
help
bees
all
year
round”(我想全年都帮助蜜蜂)以及“I
love
helping
to
save
bees”(我喜欢帮助拯救蜜蜂)可知，小女孩喜欢帮助蜜蜂，她富有爱心、很善良。故选B。]
4．What's
the
best
title
for
the
text?
A．From
lemon
to
lemonade
B．A
kid
and
her
bees.
C．A
healthy
heart.
D．A
sweet
idea.
D [标题判断题。根据文中小女孩为救蜜蜂而萌生出销售自制蜂蜜柠檬汁的想法及文章最后一句“It's
the
sweetest
feeling
ever.(这是最甜蜜的感觉。)”可知，D项适合作为标题。]
B
Satellites
are
an
important
part
of
our
ordinary
lives.For
example，the
information
for
weather
forecasts
is
sent
by
satellite.Some
satellites
have
cameras
which
take
photographs
of
the
Earth
to
show
how
clouds
are
moving.Satellites
are
also
used
to
connect
our
international
phone
puter
connections
of
the
World
Wide
Web
and
Internet
also
use
satellites.Many
of
our
TV
programmes
come
to
US
through
satellites.Airplane
pilots
also
sometimes
use
a
satellite
to
help
them
find
their
exact
location.
We
use
satellites
to
send
television
pictures
from
one
part
of
the
world
to
another.They
are
usually
35，880
kilometres
above
the
equator
(赤道)．Sometimes
we
can
see
a
satellite
in
the
sky
and
it
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place.This
is
because
it
is
moving
around
the
world
at
11，000
kilometres
an
hour—exactly
the
same
speed
that
the
earth
rotates
(转动)．A
satellite
must
orbit
the
Earth
with
its
antennae
(天线)
facing
the
earth.Sometimes，it
moves
away
from
its
orbit，so
there
are
little
rockets
on
it
which
are
used
to
put
the
satellite
back
in
the
right
position.This
usually
happens
about
every
five
or
six
days.
Space
is
not
empty!
Every
week，more
and
more
satellites
are
sent
into
space
to
orbit
the
Earth.A
satellite
usually
works
for
about
10
～
12
years.Satellites
which
are
broken
are
sometimes
repaired
by
astronauts
or
sometimes
brought
back
to
the
Earth
to
be
repaired.Often，very
old
or
broken
satellites
are
left
in
space
to
orbit
the
Earth
for
a
very
long
time.This
is
very
serious
because
some
satellites
use
nuclear
power
and
they
can
crash
into
each
other.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章对各种卫星的用途、卫星工作的状态以及人们对已损坏卫星的处理办法进行了解释说明。
5．Which
of
the
following
is
NOT
done
by
satellites
according
to
the
passage?
A．Sending
information
for
weather
forecasts.
B．Taking
photographs
of
the
Earth.
C．Sending
TV
pictures.
D．Providing
food
for
airplane
pilots.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段首句不难看出，卫星可以传递天气预报信息、拍摄地球照片、传递电视图片等，但是没说为飞行员提供食物，所以选择D项。]
6．Why
does
the
satellite
move
around
the
world
at
the
same
speed
as
the
Earth
rotates?
A．In
order
to
take
photographs.
B．In
order
to
stay
in
a
certain
position
in
the
orbit.
C．In
order
to
move
away
from
its
orbit.
D．In
order
to
send
television
pictures.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可以看出，卫星之所以用和地球自转相同的速度绕地球旋转，是为了保持在一定位置上。显然B项正确。]
7．What
does
the
underlined
word
“This”
in
the
3rd
paragraph
refer
to?
A．A
satellite.
B．A
little
rocket.
C．A
satellite
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place
in
the
sky.
D．The
satellite
puts
the
rockets
in
the
right
position.
C [代词指代题。this在此替代前文的“Sometimes
we
can
see
a
satellite
in
the
sky
and
it
seems
to
stay
in
the
same
place.”故选C项。]
8．Which
is
true
of
satellites?
A．A
satellite
usually
works
for
about
10～12
years.
B．Every
time
a
satellite
gets
broken，it
is
brought
back
to
the
Earth
to
be
repaired.
C．A
broken
satellite
is
never
left
in
space.
D．Broken
satellites
often
crash
into
each
other.
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段不难看出A项正确。]
Ⅱ.短文改错
I
became
interested
in
astronomy
as
a
kid
and
used
to
wonder
how
big
the
universe
might
be
and
which
it
was
“behind”
the
stars.As
I
grew
up
and
finally
went
to
college，I
hardly
had
any
time
develop
my
hobby
because
there
was
too
many
homework
to
do.It
was
around
the
year
2010
that
I
researched
astronomy
again.Therefore，I
didn't
have
much
time
for
my
hobby
either.Often
I
would
like
to
observe
a
object
in
the
night
sky，but
I
was
either
working
and
looking
after
my
kids，so
I
shared
my
hobby
with
my
kids.I
encouraged
him
to
observe
the
stars
with
me.I
told
to
them
about
the
Moon，the
stars，the
Sun
and
many
other
interested
things
up
there.By
have
a
common
hobby
we
could
spend
time
together
and
we
all
find
it
interesting.
[答案]
I
became
interested
in
astronomy
as
a
kid
and
used
to
wonder
how
big
the
universe
might
be
and
it
was
“behind”
the
stars.As
I
grew
up
and
finally
went
to
college，I
hardly
had
any
time
develop
my
hobby
because
there
was
too
homework
to
do.It
was
around
the
year
2010
that
I
researched
astronomy
again.
，I
didn't
have
much
time
for
my
hobby
either.Often
I
would
like
to
observe
object
in
the
night
sky，but
I
was
either
working
looking
after
my
kids，so
I
shared
my
hobby
with
my
kids.I
encouraged
to
observe
the
stars
with
me.I
told
them
about
the
Moon，the
stars，the
Sun
and
many
other
things
up
there.By
a
common
hobby
we
could
spend
time
together
and
we
all
find
it
interesting.
PAGE课时分层作业(十一) Section
Ⅱ
[语言知识练习固基础]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．As
the
proverb
goes，“Where
there
is
a
will，there
is
a
way.”
Our
efforts
will
pay
off
in
time.
2．Some
boys
are
too
crazy
about
playing
games
on
the
computer，which
is
very
harmful(harm)
to
their
health.
3．His
help
made
it
possible
for
many
poor
children
to
attend(attend)
college.
4．As
is
known
to
us，the
People's
Republic
of
China
came
into
existence
(exist)
as
an
independent
country
in
1949.
5．When
it
is
in
my
turn，I
am
too
excited
to
speak.
6．The
rain
prevented
us
from
starting
(start)
on
a
trip.
7.
We
can't
deal
with
it
with
violence
(violent)．
8．The
worker
earned
little
money
a
month，so
he
had
to
exist
on
only
fast
noodles.
9．The
Chinese
culture
has
given
birth
to
many
important
inventions
in
its
long
history.
10．The
little
child
didn't
understand
the
puzzling
question
so
there
was
a
puzzled
expression
on
his
face.(puzzle)
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．You
are
finish
the
work
before
five
this
afternoon.
are后面加to
2.
I
should
be
back
on
time
to
watch
the
football
match.
on→in
3.
Smoking
too
much
does
harm
for
your
health.
for→to
4．Spaceships
make
possible
to
travel
to
the
moon.
make后面加it
5．Their
son
was
prevented
going
to
college
last
year
because
of
their
low
income.
prevented后加from
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Edmund
Halley
was
an
English
scientist
who
lived
over
200
years
ago.He
studied
the
observations
of
comets
(彗星)
which
other
scientists
had
made.The
orbit
of
one
particular
comet
was
a
very
difficult
mathematical
problem.He
could
not
figure
it
out.Neither
could
other
scientists
who
dealt
with
such
problems.
However，Halley
had
a
friend
named
Newton，who
was
a
brilliant
mathematician.Newton
thought
he
had
already
worked
out
that
problem，but
he
could
not
find
the
papers
on
which
he
had
done
it.He
told
Halley
that
the
orbit
of
a
comet
had
the
shape
of
an
ellipse
(椭圆)．
Now
Halley
set
to
work.He
figured
out
the
orbits
of
some
of
the
comets
that
had
been
observed
by
scientists.He
made
a
surprising
discovery.The
comets
that
had
appeared
in
the
years
1531，1607，and
1682
all
had
the
same
orbit.Yet
their
appearances
had
been
75
to
76
years
apart.
This
seemed
very
strange
to
Halley.The
different
comets
followed
the
same
orbit.The
more
Halley
thought
about
it，the
more
he
thought
that
there
had
not
been
three
different
comets，as
people
thought.He
decided
that
they
had
simply
seen
the
same
comet
three
times.The
comet
had
gone
away
and
had
come
back
again.
It
was
an
astonishing
idea!
Halley
felt
certain
enough
to
make
a
prediction
of
what
comet
would
happen
in
the
future.He
decided
that
this
comet
would
appear
in
the
year
1758.There
were
53
years
to
go
before
Halley's
prediction
could
be
tested.In
1758
the
comet
appeared
in
the
sky.Halley
did
not
see
it，for
he
has
died
some
years
before.Ever
since
then
that
comet
has
been
called
Halley's
comet，in
his
honor.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了200多年前英国科学家哈雷以及他的发现。
1．Halley
made
his
discovery
．
A．by
doing
experiments
B．by
means
of
his
own
careful
observation
C．by
using
the
work
of
other
scientists
D．by
chance
C [细节理解题。由文中第三段“He
figured
out
the
orbits
of
some
of
the
comets
that
had
been
observed
by
scientists.”可知应选C。]
2.
Halley
made
a
surprising，but
correct
prediction
in
the
year
．
A．1704
B．1705
C．1706
D．1707
B [数字计算题。第五段中的“He
decided
that
this
comet
would
appear
in
the
year
1758.There
were
53
years
to
go
before
Halley's
prediction
could
be
tested.”这句话告诉我们：他预言彗星出现的时间是1758年，而这个预言还要经过53年才能验证，由此可以推断出哈雷做出这个预言的时间是1705年。]
3．This
passage
in
general
is
about
．
A．Halley
and
other
scientists
B．the
orbit
of
a
comet
C．Newton
and
Halley
D．Halley
and
his
discovery
D [主旨大意题。文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的发现。]
4.
Which
of
the
following
is
TRUE?
A．Edmund
Halley
was
an
American
scientist.
B．Halley
made
his
discovery
by
doing
experiments.
C．Newton
was
a
famous
mathematician.
D．The
orbit
of
a
comet
had
the
shape
of
a
circle.
C [细节理解题。从文章首句可以看出A项错误；从第1题的分析中可知B项也错误；牛顿告诉哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，可排除D项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
Camille
and
Genevieve
Beatty，who
at
13
and
11
are
being
praised
for
building
a
model
of
the
Mars
rover
that
is
now
a
permanent
fixture(固定存在物)
at
the
famous
New
York
Hall
of
Science.
“To
have
two
young
girls
building
our
Mars
rover
is
1
the
kind
of
thing
we
want
to
have
happen
here，”
said
Margaret
Honey.
“But
their
love
of
science
all
started
with
a
little
2
curiosity，”
says
their
father，Robert
Beatty，who
guided
their
3
for
engineering.“Camille
kept
taking
things
apart.She
would
bring
me
a
(n)
4
remote
control
or
a
destroyed
clock，and
she'd
say，‘Dad，what's
this
little
green
thing？’”
He
didn't
have
all
the
5
，but
he
was
surprised
by
her
curiosity
and
asked
if
she
wanted
to
6
something
herself.Then
life
in
the
Beatty's
household
started
to
get
7
．The
sisters
went
from
taking
things
apart
to
putting
things
together.
“We
would
just
8
，”
said
Camille.“We
started
small，using
off?the?shelf(现成的)
RadioShack
parts.Then
we
9
let's
go
huge
with
it...and
build
a
10
！”
“We
didn't
set
out
to
11
two
girls
to
build
our
Mars
rover.We
were
actually
looking
for
companies
that
had
robotics
expertise，”
said
Honey.
“We
studied
the
12
rover
very
closely，”their
father
said.“The
pictures，the
drawings...We
did
everything
we
could
to
13
it
in
every
way.”
What's
the
secret
to
keeping
children's
interest
in
longer?term
14
？
Robert
Beatty
believes
in
15
the
girls'
interest
and
letting
them
do
all
the
work.
He
says
the
experience
has
had
a
very
positive
role
in
the
girls'
lives
outside
the
16
，as
well.“One
of
my
main
17
in
this
was
to
give
them
a
sense
of
self?empowerment.If
they
18
a
goal，they
can
go
and
do
it—whether
it's
a
job，climbing
a
mountain
or
building
a
robot.”
The
best
part
about
building
robots
is
19
time
with
their
dad.“It's
made
our
20
amazingly
close，among
all
of
us，”Camille
said.
【语篇解读】 一对小姐妹自己动手制作出了一个火星探测器模型。如今，该模型已经成为纽约科学馆的永久藏品。
1．A.exactly
B．rarely
C．strangely
D．probably
A [此处表示让两个女孩做一个火星探测器正是他们想要发生的事情。]
2．A.crazy
B．natural
C．different
D．strange
D [根据下文中的“Camille
kept
taking
things
apart...destroyed
clock”可知，她们的这种爱好是从破坏开始的，这有些奇特。]
3．A.preparation
B．enthusiasm
C．search
D．expectation
B [此处表示她们的父亲引导着她们对工程学的热爱。]
4．A.ordinary
B．cheap
C．broken
D．old
C [与前面的“taking
things
apart”呼应，再根据空后的destroyed可知，此处指她经常把东西给拆掉，拿回来一个坏了的遥控器，或者散架的钟表。]
5．A.answers
B．parts
C．tools
D．ideas
A [根据前面的“Dad，what's
this
little
green
thing”可知，这里是说她问父亲问题的时候，父亲并不能总是给予答案，父亲也有回答不上来的问题。]
6．A.learn
B．find
C．buy
D．build
D [根据前面的“he
was
surprised
by
her
curiosity”以及下文讲她们制作机器人可知，他对女儿的好奇心感到惊讶，询问女儿是否想自己制作一些东西。]
7．A.comfortable
B．interesting
C．regular
D．difficult
B [根据语境可知，从此以后，这个家庭的生活变得有趣起来。]
8．A.wait
B．design
C．experiment
D．observe
C [从后面的“We
started
small，using
off?the?shelf(现成的)RadioShack
parts”可知，她们进行实验，不断尝试，从制作一些小的东西开始。]
9．A.decided
B．guessed
C．required
D．insisted
A [与前面的started
small呼应，此处指她们从小的东西做起，然后决定制作大一点的东西。]
10．A.machine
B．plane
C．house
D．robot
D [上文已经提到了Mars
rover，这里指她们决定一起制作一个机器人。]
11．A.call
on
B．look
for
C．play
with
D．bring
up
B [根据后面的“We
were
actually
looking
for...”可知，开始的时候，这个机构并没有想寻找两个小女孩来制作火星探测器。]
12．A.heavy
B．expensive
C．actual
D．big
C [结合后面的“The
pictures，the
drawings”可知，她们的父亲说他们非常仔细地研究了真实的探测器。]
13．A.copy
B．send
C．move
D．measure
A [与前面的studied，pictures和drawings呼应，这里指他们仔细研究，目的就是模仿制造出一个探测器。]
14．A.journeys
B．competition
C．plans
D．projects
D [根据语境可知，这里是说让孩子们对于长期的项目保持兴趣的秘诀是什么呢？]
15．A.studying
B．sparking
C．proving
D．showing
B [根据后面的“the
girls'
interest
and
letting
them
do
all
the
work”可知，要想让孩子们对于这种长期项目保持兴趣，关键是激发(sparking)她们的兴趣并且让她们完成所有的工作。]
16．A.world
B．school
C．workshop
D．organization
C [根据前面的“the
girls'
lives
outside”以及她们进行实验制作东西可知，她们应该是在自己的车间中工作的，两个女孩的兴趣爱好在她们车间之外的生活中也发挥了积极的作用。]
17．A.goals
B．tricks
C．methods
D．hobbies
A [孩子们的爸爸说他的主要目标之一就是给她们一种自我授权感。goal“目标，目的”，符合语境。]
18．A.win
B．score
C．achieve
D．set
D [结合后面的“a
goal，they
can
go
and
do
it”可知，如果她们树立了一个目标，那么她们就可以为此而奋斗。]
19．A.giving
B．spending
C．reducing
D．wasting
B [根据后面的“time
with
their
dad”可知，此处是指她们花时间和父亲在一起。]
20．A.opinion
B．distance
C．attention
D．relationship
D [由于花费时间和父亲在一起，这促进了他们之间的关系，使得他们更加亲密。]
?[1]?
PAGE
^1课时分层作业(十) Section
Ⅰ
[高考题型练习提能力]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
There
are
strong
arguments
on
space
travel，and
below
you
will
find
a
list
of
many
frequently
used
arguments.
Pros
of
space
travel：
—Space
travel
has
inspired
many
people
to
continue
improving
technology
such
as
inventing
Velcro
and
non?stick
frying
pans.
—If
you
look
at
the
total
GDP
worldwide，space
only
accounts
for
a
very
small
percentage
of
the
total
budget.
—Better
to
spend
money
on
our
future，than
on
other
projects
that
would
have
a
much
lower
potential
reward.
—If
we
were
to
colonize
(占领)
another
planet，it
would
reduce
the
population
on
Earth，which
is
already
overpopulated.This
will
result
in
the
survival
of
our
species
when
our
planet
can
no
longer
support
human
life.
—Multinational
space
stations
have
helped
diplomacy
(外交)
among
multiple
nations.
Cons
of
space
travel：
—There
is
a
very
large
percentage
of
the
earth's
oceans
we
have
yet
to
explore.We
should
continue
exploring
the
remaining
unknown
regions
of
our
oceans
before
continuing
to
another
planet.
—The
funding
for
space
exploration
comes
from
the
tax
payers'
pockets.Many
do
not
think
that
they
should
be
forced
into
paying
for
something
they
oppose.
—The
total
contributions
from
space
travel
is
minimal，when
considering
the
total
cost.
—We
should
not
be
thinking
about
colonizing
a
moon，or
a
planet.It's
better
to
save
our
existing
planet
first.If
we
are
to
destroy
one
planet，what
is
to
stop
us
from
repeating
the
mistakes
on
another
planet.
—Not
only
is
the
cost
of
manned
space
missions
expensive，but
space
travel
can
have
a
serious
effect
on
the
human
body
over
an
extended
period
of
time.The
only
way
to
solve
it
is
by
using
robots，which
reduces
the
human
risk
factor，and
reduces
the
overall
cost.
Overall，most
people
approve
of
(赞成)
our
current
exploration
methods.In
my
opinion，these
methods
should
be
reviewed
to
help
reduce
the
cost
of
launches.I
believe
the
potential
of
finding
resources
on
other
planets
will
make
the
cost
of
several
decades
of
space
exploration
worthwhile.
【语篇解读】 太空旅行的支持者和反对者都给出什么样的理由呢？
1．Which
of
the
following
benefits
of
space
travel
is
NOT
mentioned?
A．Creating
more
job
opportunities.
B．Reducing
the
overpopulation
problem.
C．Bringing
about
advanced
technologies.
D．Developing
relationships
among
countries.
A [细节理解题。根据Pros
of
space
travel部分可知B、C、D三项均有提及，唯独A没提到。]
2．The
underlined
part
“the
mistakes”
here
probably
refers
to
．
A．colonizing
a
moon
B．doing
damage
to
Earth
C．spending
money
with
little
reward
D．having
a
wrong
understanding
about
other
planets
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“It's
better
to
save
our
existing
planet
first.”可知“the
mistakes”指的是我们对地球的破坏。]
3．What
would
be
the
best
title
for
this
passage?
A．The
future
of
space
travel
B．The
benefits
of
space
travel
C．Why
space
travel
is
expensive
D．Whether
space
travel
is
worthwhile
or
not
D [标题归纳题。本文探讨了太空旅行值不值的问题。]
4．What's
the
author's
attitude
towards
space
travel?
A．Negative.
B．Doubtful.
C．Positive.
D．Not
mentioned.
C [观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“I
believe
the
potential
of
finding
resources
on
other
planets
will
make
the
cost
of
several
decades
of
space
exploration
worthwhile.”可知作者的态度是积极的。]
B
It
may
appear
strange
to
hear
that
crops
are
making
headlines.But
this
is
no
ordinary
produce—these
fruits
and
vegetables
have
been
grown
in
simulated
(模拟的)
Martian
and
lunar
soils!
Though
the
possibility
of
growing
crops
in
outer
space
only
gained
widespread
interest
after
Matt
Damon
grew
potatoes
in
the
movie
“The
Martian”，scientists
have
been
testing
the
idea
for
many
years.Fresh
produce
will
after
all
be
the
key
to
setting
up
space
colonies(殖民地)．
Among
the
pioneers
in
this
effort
is
a
team
led
by
Wieger
Wamelink，a
scientist
at
Wageningen
University
&
Research.In
2013，they
planted
fourteen
varieties
of
plants
in
simulated
Martian
and
lunar
soils.Though
the
“Martian”
plants
did
not
bear
any
produce，they
grew
better
than
the
“lunar”
plants，most
of
which
died
shortly
after
being
planted.Lack
of
vapor
in
the
soil，according
to
the
scientists，might
have
accounted
for
the
failure.
The
second
experiment
began
in
late
2015.The
researchers
selected
the
same
crops，while
this
time
they
used
larger
containers
and
added
grass
to
them.In
March
2016，their
efforts
were
rewarded
with
a
variety
of
produce
including
the
vegetable
that
kept
“The
Martian”
alive:
potatoes.
However，the
researchers
were
still
not
sure
if
the
produce
was
safe
to
eat.That's
because
the
Martian
and
lunar
soils
contain
heavy
metals
like
lead
and
arsenic，which
do
not
affect
plants
but
are
poisonous
to
humans.
After
months
of
testing，the
team
finally
confirmed
that
the
produce
was
safe
for
human
consumption.Some
of
the
crops
even
contained
lower
levels
of
heavy
metals
than
plants
grown
in
the
“ordinary”
earth
soil.
To
celebrate
the
success，the
scientists
held
a
dinner
party
that
centered
around
the
crops.While
there
is
no
word
on
how
the
food
tasted，it
surely
looks
delicious.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家在模拟的火星和月球的土壤中种出了农作物，且这些农作物对人类是安全的。
5．Why
have
scientists
been
trying
out
the
idea
of
growing
crops
in
outer
space?
A．Because
the
movie
“The
Martian”has
opened
up
the
possibility
for
the
idea.
B．Because
soils
on
the
Mars
and
the
moon
are
similar
to
the
earth
soil.
C．Because
it
is
of
great
importance
to
space
exploration
in
future.
D．Because
it
is
a
good
solution
to
the
world's
growing
population.
C [推理判断题。题干中的关键词为“growing
crops
in
outer
space”。根据第二段中的“Fresh
produce
will
after
all
be
the
key
to
setting
up
space
colonies(殖民地)”可推知，正是因为农作物对未来的太空探索非常重要，所以科学家们一直在尝试种植能在太空生长的农作物。]
6．Why
were
the
researchers
not
sure
about
the
safety
of
the
produce
at
first?
A．Because
the
shape
of
the
containers
was
changed.
B．Because
the
types
of
the
plants
were
different.
C．Because
the
soil
contains
something
poisonous
to
humans.
D．Because
the
temperature
of
the
lab
is
too
low.
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“That's
because
the
Martian
and
lunar
soils
contain
heavy
metals
like
lead
and
arsenic...poisonous
to
humans”可知，这两种土壤中含有重金属是造成科学家们对农作物的安全性不确定的原因。故选C。]
7．Which
of
the
following
might
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A．Wieger
Wamelink—a
pioneer
in
Growing
Space
crops
B．Space
Colonies—Far
from
possible
C．Food
Safety—a
Main
Public
Concern
D．“Martian”and
“Lunar”
Crops
—Safe
for
Humans
D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了科学家们成功地在模拟的火星和月球的土壤中种出农作物，并证实这些农作物是安全、可食用的，故选D。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Space
is
where
our
future
is—trips
to
the
Moon，Mars
and
beyond.Most
people
would
think
that
apart
from
comets
(彗星)
and
stars，there
is
little
else
out
there.
1
Now
scientists
are
concerned
that
if
we
don't
clean
them
up，we
may
all
be
in
great
danger.
2
In
that
year，the
American
satellite
Vanguard
I
stopped
operating
and
lost
its
connection
with
the
ground
center.However，since
it
kept
orbiting
around
the
Earth
without
any
results，scientists
became
increasingly
comfortable
abandoning
(抛弃)
things
that
no
longer
served
any
useful
purpose
in
space.
It
is
said
that
there
are
now
over
500，000
pieces
of
man?made
trash
orbiting
the
Earth.
3
They
vary
from
tiny
pieces
of
paint
chipped
off
rockets
to
cameras，huge
fuel
tanks，and
even
odd
items
like
the
million?dollar
tool
kit
that
astronaut
Heidemarie
Stefanyshyn
Piper
lost
during
a
spacewalk.
The
major
problem
with
the
space
trash
is
that
it
may
hit
working
satellites
and
damage
traveling
spaceships.
4
When
these
pieces
fall
back
to
the
earth，it
would
be
dangerous.
5
Ground
stations
have
been
built
to
monitor
larger
pieces
of
space
trash
to
prevent
them
from
crashing
into
working
satellites
or
space
shuttles.Future
plans
include
a
cooperative
effort
among
many
nations
to
stop
littering
in
space
and
to
clean
up
the
trash
already
there.
A．No
one
knows
what
will
happen
in
the
future.
B．The
first
piece
of
space
junk
was
created
in
1964.
C．They
are
flying
at
a
speed
of
up
to
17，500
miles
per
hour.
D．Moreover，they
may
crash
into
each
other
and
break
into
pieces.
E．If
these
pieces
are
not
cleaned
up，astronauts
will
face
great
danger.
F．To
avoid
this，scientists
have
invented
several
ways
to
clear
the
sky.
G．But，since
our
space
journey
started
we
have
left
so
much
waste
there.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。自从人类开始探索太空以来，太空中出现了很多垃圾。它们很危险，因此科学家们想出一些方法清理它们。
1．G [设空处前面提到，很多人认为在太空中除了彗星和恒星，基本没有其他东西；G项表示，但是，自从我们人类开始太空旅行起，我们在太空中留下了很多垃圾，与设空处前面所述内容是转折关系。故选G。]
2．B [根据设空处后面的“In
that
year，the
American
satellite
Vanguard
I．..”可判断出，设空处所填内容里涉及一个年份，选项中只有B项符合这一条件。故选B。
3．C [设空处前面提到，据说在地球周围大概有50万件太空垃圾绕着地球转；C项提到，那些太空垃圾以高达每小时17
500英里的速度飞行，紧承上文，继续介绍那些太空垃圾的情况。故选C。]
4．D [设空处前面提到，那些太空垃圾造成的主要问题是它们有可能撞上运行中的卫星和对飞船造成损害，介绍了太空垃圾的危害；D项表示，而且，那些太空垃圾可能会相互撞在一起，撞碎。当它们的碎片落回地球时，会很危险，这是太空垃圾的另一危害。故选D。]
5．F [设空处前面主要描述了太空垃圾的潜在危害；设空处后面介绍了清理它们的方法；F项表示，为了避免这种情况的发生，科学家们已经想出一些方法来清理那些太空垃圾，承上启下。故选F。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
The
Big
Bang
theory
is
science's
best
explanation
of
how
the
universe
began.The
theory
insists
that
our
universe
1.________(create)
when
a
tiny
and
super?hot
mass
exploded
and
began
expanding
very
rapidly.It
2.________(final)
cooled
and
formed
into
the
stars
and
galaxies(银河系)
with
3.________
we
are
familiar.It
is
said
4.________
the
event
happened
approximately
15
billion
years
ago.The
event
of
the
Big
Bang
was
space
itself
expanding—perhaps
at
speeds
5.________(great)
than
light.
Since
the
late
1960s，the
Big
Bang
theory
6.______
(be)
the
main
explanation
for
the
birth
of
our
universe.Because
7.________(physics)
have
not
yet
found
a
convincing
theory
that
explains
how
gravity
operates，they
are
unable
8.________(find)
theories
as
to
what
happened
after
the
Big
Bang.At
the
very
beginning，our
universe
may
have
been
an
object
with
nearly?infinite
density，9.________
perhaps
something
else.Our
instruments
and
10.________
(science)
methods
may
need
to
be
fully
improved
before
any
further
progress
is
made.
【语篇解读】 “大爆炸理论”是解释宇宙起源的最好说法。
1．was
created [考查一般过去时的被动语态。universe与create之间是被动关系，且create所表示的动作发生在过去，故填was
created。]
2．finally [考查副词。设空处作状语修饰cooled和formed，故填finally。]
3．which [考查关系代词。此处为由“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stars
and
galaxies(银河系)，因该关系代词在从句中作介词with的宾语，故填which。]
4．that [考查连接词。It
is
said
that...意为“据说”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的从句。]
5．greater [考查形容词比较级。由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填greater。]
6．has
been [考查现在完成时。由Since
the
late
1960s可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has
been。]
7．physicists [考查名词。设空处作主语，表示“物理学家”，又因谓语动词为复数形式，故填physicists。]
8．to
find [考查不定式作宾语的用法。be
unable
to
do
sth.意为“没有能力做某事”。]
9．or [考查连词。由句意可知，an
object
with
nearly?infinite
density与something
else之间是选择关系，故填or。]
10．scientific [考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰methods，表示“科学的”，故填scientific。]
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