2021年中考英语二轮专题复习课件：第2讲 形容词、副词（29张ppt）

第2讲　形容词、副词
形容词的基本用法
　　形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征,在句中可以作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}形容词
用法
例句
作定语
修饰名词时,一般放在名词的前面
She is a happy girl.她是一个快乐的女孩。
修饰复合不定代词时,必须后置
There’s nothing special in the box.盒子里没有什么特别的东西。
enough修饰名词时,既可前置,也可后置(常前置);由连字符连接起来的复合形容词修饰名词
Don’t worry.We have enough time/time enough to get there.别着急,我们有足够的时间赶到那儿。
Jack is an eight-year-old boy.杰克是一个八岁的男孩。
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}形容词
用法
例句
作表语
形容词经常放在系动词后面作表语,初中阶段常见的系动词有:be,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,get,become,turn等
He looks fine.他看起来很好。
The soup smells so delicious.这汤闻上去那么鲜美。
有些形容词只能作表语,如:afraid 害怕的,alike 相像的,asleep睡着的,awake醒着的,alive活着的,ill生病的
What were you doing while I was asleep?我在睡觉的时候你在做什么?
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}形容词
用法
例句
作宾语
补足语
形容词放在宾语之后,对其做进一步补充说明,常与make,find,keep等动词连用
Keep the classroom clean and tidy,please.请保持教室干净整洁。
【巧学妙记】多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,它们的排列顺序请记住以下口诀:
好美小高状其新,颜色国料特别亲。
好美:如good,beautiful等
小:大小,如big,small,large等
高:高低,如tall,high,low,short等
状:形状,如round,square,triangular等
新:新旧,如new,old等
颜色:如red,green,yellow等
国:国家,如Chinese,American,Canadian等
料:材料,如stone,cotton,wooden等
特别:如much,very等
【典题链接】
( )1.(2020,江苏扬州)—I hate rain.It never ends.
—Dear,don’t think of it.Try to be 　　　　and enjoy things.?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.careful B.cheerful
C.useful D.faithful
( )2.(2020,湖北宜昌)—Have you heard about the book Learn English Tell China’s Stories?
—Of course! It’s a 　　　　book because it helps English learners spread Chinese culture.?
A.traditional B.meaningful
C.social D.private
B
B
( )3.(2020,山东滨州)—It’s very important for us to keep 　　　　.?
—You are right.We should learn how to protect ourselves when we’re in trouble.
A.rapid
B.safe
C.lucky
D.social
( )4.(2020,安徽)There is more space in the high-speed train and the journey becomes more 　　　　.?
A.serious
B.boring
C.dangerous
D.comfortable
B
D
( )5.(2019,山东东营)—I hear you have just finished making the flash mob (快闪) My Motherland and Me.
—That’s true.It is really a 　　　　way to show our love for our country.?
A.traditional
B.humorous
C.wonderful
D.boring
( )6.(2018,四川德阳改编)Great! We will have a 　　　　holiday.?
A.seven-day 　
B.seven-days 　　　
C.seven day’s
C
A
副词的基本用法
(1)副词的构成
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}构成
例词
与形容词同形
low,fast,late,early,much,deep,little,hard,only,back,well,enough,long,high
形容词后直接加ly
sad→sadly　polite→politely
slow→slowly
careful→carefully
clear→clearly
brave→bravely
辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加ly
healthy→healthily　easy→easily　happy→happily
angry→angrily　heavy→heavily
辅音字母加le结尾的词,去e加y
simple→simply
terrible→terribly
gentle→gently
possible→possibly
probable→probably
少数以e结尾的词,去掉e再加ly
true→truly
【注意】★有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:lovely,lively,friendly,lonely等。
★有些副词有两种形式:其中一种形式与形容词相同;另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly,意义有区别。如:hard adj.& adv.坚硬的(地);hardly adv.几乎不。
(2)副词的作用
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}作用
例句
副词是表示行为特征或形状特征的词,主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,在句中主要用作状语
He foolishly answered the question.他对这个问题作了愚蠢的回答。
少数表示时间或地点的副词可作定语,通常放在所修饰词的后面
Look at the pictures here.看这儿的这些照片。
【典题链接】
( )7.(2020,内蒙古呼和浩特)The girl used to be shy,but she is 　　　　getting active in team work and willing to make friends.?
A.usually
B.gradually
C.mainly
D.seldom
( )8.(2020,安徽)—China has formed a deep friendship with countries around the world.
—That’s true.We are working 　　　　together in many fields.?
A.closely
B.nervously
C.terribly
D.humorously
B
A
( )9.(2020,天津)Because people can find information on the Internet,knowledge spreads 　　　　.?
A.quickly
B.loudly
C.hardly
D.nearly
( )10.(2020,四川广元)We should realize that everyone has his or her own merits (优点) and defects (缺点),so we must treat them 　　　　.?
A.properly
B.actually
C.exactly
A
A
形容词和副词的比较等级
(一)形容词、副词比较等级的规则变化表
(二)形容词、副词比较等级的不规则变化
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}原级
比较级
最高级
good/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
worse
worst
little
less
least
many/much
more
most
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
(三)形容词和副词比较等级的用法
(1)原级的用法
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
表示程度的副词 very,so,too,enough,quite等修饰时用形容词或副词原级
The film is too boring.这部电影太无聊了。
as+形容词/副词原级+as “和……一样”
Jenny is nearly as tall as her mother.詹妮差不多和她妈妈一样高了。
not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as “不如……”
He does not run so/as fast as me.他没有我跑得快。
less+形容词/副词原级+than “不如……”
This story is less interesting than that one.这个故事不如那个故事有趣。
(2)比较级的用法
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
A...+比较级+than+B“A比B……”
My bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行车比她的自行车更漂亮。
Which/Who...+比较级,A or B?“哪一个更……?”
Which is nearer to the sun,the moon or the earth?哪个离太阳更近,月球还是地球?
the+比较级,the+比较级 “越……越……”
The busier he is,the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。
比较级+and+比较级“越来越……”
Your English is getting better and better.你的英语越来越好了。
the+比较级+of the two...“两者中较为……的一个”
He runs the faster of the two students.他是这两个学生中跑得较快的那一个。
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
比较级+than+any other+单数可数名词;比较级+than+ the other+复数可数名词“比其他任何一个都……”
Jim is taller than any other student in his class.吉姆比他班上的其他学生都高。
Jim is taller than the other students.吉姆比其他学生都高。
倍数+比较级+than“是……的几倍(大、宽、高……)”
This classroom is twice bigger than that one.这间教室比那间大两倍。
有表示程度的副词 a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any 等修饰时,用形容词或副词的比较级
It is even colder today.今天甚至更冷了。
在比较级中为了避免重复,常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词
This pen is shorter than that one.这支钢笔比那支短。
The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.这儿的天气比上海的天气暖和。
(3)最高级的用法
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行比较时,用最高级形式,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可以不用
Jim runs (the) fastest of us all.吉姆是我们当中跑得最快的。
形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰,但此时不能再加定冠词the
She is my best friend.她是我最好的朋友。
{5940675A-B579-460E-94D1-54222C63F5DA}用法
例句
the+形容词最高级+名词单数+in/of短语
This picture is the best in the hall.这幅画是大厅里最好的。
疑问词+be+the+最高级
Who is the tallest,Tom,Ben or Bill?汤姆、本或比尔,谁最高?
主语+be+one of the+最高级+名词复数+in/of短语 “……是最……的之一”
Chinese is one of the most popular languages in the world.汉语是世界上最流行的语言之一。
the+序数词+最高级“第几……”
She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。
【典题链接】
( )11.(2020,湖南湘西)With the help of the government,my hometown becomes 　　　　than before.?
A.beautiful 　
B.more beautiful
C.the most beautiful
( )12.(2020,湖北十堰)—Super Brain is a hit TV show recently.Which competitor do you like best?
—I think Zhao Jinhao is one of 　　　　competitors among them.?
A.smart
B.smarter
C.smartest
D.the smartest
B
D
( )13.(2020,湖北咸宁)—Does the dish taste as 　　　　as it looks??
—Yes.I can’t wait to eat it.
A.well
B.good
C.better
D.best
( )14.(2020,黑龙江哈尔滨)—Sarah,I’m a very slow reader.Could you give me some advice to improve my reading speed?
—Well,keep on reading something you enjoy.The more you read,　　　　 you’ll be.?
A.fast
B.faster
C.the faster
B
C
( )15.(2020,贵州铜仁)—Your handwriting is beautiful.
—Thank you,I write　　　　 than before.?
A.careful
B.more careful
C.more carefully
D.carefully
( )16.(2019,广西柳州)Peter studies 　　　　of all the students in his class.?
A.hard
B.harder
C.hardest
C
C
( )1.(2020,内蒙古呼和浩特)—Tomorrow I’ll take the final examination,and I feel nervous.
—Don’t worry.It’s　　　　 to have butterflies in your stomach before an exam.?　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.rude
B.perfect
C.natural
( )2.(2020,广东深圳)—Cindy,I have bought a lot of fruits for you.
—Wonderful! Let’s put them into the fridge to keep them 　　　　.?
A.clean
B.fresh
C.fit
C
B
( )3.(2020,湖北天门)—What do you think of Mr.Liu?
—He is quite　　　　,but he is good at telling funny stories.?
A.friendly
B.patient
C.serious
( )4.(2020,江苏南通)David is crazy about Chinese history.He 　　　　visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.?
A.never
B.seldom
C.sometimes
D.always
C
D
( )5.(2020,黑龙江牡丹江)Mum,the supermarket next to our house has a big sale.We can buy some fresh fruit　　　　there.?
A.early
B.quickly
C.cheaply
( )6.(2020,辽宁抚顺)She walked into the room 　　　　in order not to wake up her baby.?
A.clearly
B.loudly
C.easily
D.quietly
C
D
( )7.(2020,湖北黄冈)—Chinese mountain climbers got to the top of Qomolangma again in 2020!
—How exciting!Qomolangma is one of 　　　　places for serious mountain climbers.?
A.popular
B.more popular
C.most popular
D.the most popular
( )8.(2020,贵州安顺)If we are interested in something,our brain is　　　　and it is also easier for us to pay attention to it for a long time.?
A.active
B.more active
C.the most active
D
B
( )9.(2020,山东滨州)—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?
—It’s very simple.　　　　 you study,　　　　 grades you will get.?
A.The harder;better
B.The harder;the better
C.Harder;better
D.Harder;the better
( )10.(2020,四川广元)Sam didn’t jump so 　　　　as Jim in yesterday’s sports meeting.?
A.high
B.higher
C.highly
B
A