2021年深圳市中考英语二轮语法复习 基础语法专题 主谓一致 教案+练习（无答案）

英语学科个性化教学辅导教案
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教学课题
基础语法16——主谓一致
教学内容

Step 1 作业检查及复习
作业完成情况： 优□ 良□ 中□ 差□
Step 2 Grammar ——主谓一致
主谓一致遵循的三大原则：
谓语受主语支配, 须和主语在人称和数上保持一致, 这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则, 就近一致原则和意义一致原则。
一、语法一致的原则
1.由and或both……and连接的并列成分做主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
Ex：Both she and I are right.
Mr. Bird and Mrs. Bird have a son called Tom.
*但并列主语如果指的是同一人, 同一事物或同一概念, 谓语动词用单数。
Ex：Knife and forks刀叉, bread and butter黄油面包,
a teacher and writer老师兼作家, fish and chips鱼和炸土豆片
Ex：Fish and chips _______(be) a popular meal in Britain.
His teacher and singer _______(be) a beautiful girl.
2. 由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时, 其谓语动词要用单数形式。
Ex：In our country every boy and every girl ___________(have) the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman ________(be) asked to help.
3. 以单数名词或代词, 动词不定式短语做主语时, 谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时, 谓语用复数,
Ex：He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard _______(be) necessary for a student.
4. 一些只有复数形式的名词, 如people, police, cattle, clothes等做主语时, 谓语动词要用复数。但clothing（衣服）, traffic（交通）, furniture（家具）等无生命的集合名词做主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Ex：A lot of people _______(be) dancing outside.
The police _______(be) looking for lost boy.
There _______(be, not) any traffic on the road at the moment.
5. 主语是单数时, 尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。
Ex：The teacher with his students _______(be) going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter _______(be) a daily food in the west.
6.由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词做主语时, 谓语动词都用单数。
Ex：_______(be) everybody ready?
Somebody _______(be) using the phone.
7. 有两部分构成的物体的名词, 如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等做主语时, 谓语动词用复数。
Ex：Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等, 则往往用作单数, 谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。
Ex：Here _______(be) some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks _______(be) on the bed.
8. a number of后面加复数名词或代词, 其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时, 其谓语用单数。
Ex：The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.
9. “one or two +复数名词”做主语, 谓语动词用复数；“a / one+单数名词+ or two”做主语, 谓语动词用单数。
Ex：Only one or two students _______(be) late yesterday.
One student or two _______(be) late yesterday.
10. many a ＋单数名词 (许多……) ； more than one ＋单数名词(不止一……)做主语, 尽管意思是复数, 但谓语动词还是用单数。注意： “more than +基数词＋复数名词”结构或“more ＋复数名词＋ than one做主语时, 谓语用复数。
Ex：Many a ship _______(have) been damaged in the storm.
More than one student has seen the film.
More than twenty students _______(be) playing football on the playground.
More members than one _______(be) against your plan.
11. this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书), 做主语, 谓语用单数；this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(这类人, 口语中用), 但this kind of men的谓语用单数, men of this kind=these kind of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数。
Ex：This kind of men _______(be) dangerous.
Men of this kind a_______(be) dangerous.
12. 在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。
注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中, 从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有, 从句的谓语动词用单数, 如没有the only, 就用复数形式。
Ex：This _______(be) one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
He _______(be) the only one of the students who was late for school.
二、就近一致的原则
1. 由连词or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语, 如果一个是单数, 一个是复数, 则谓语动词按就近一致原则, 与最靠近它的主语一致。
Ex：Either you or I am right.
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.
2. 在“There be” 句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
Ex：There are two apples and one egg in it.
There is a pen, a ruler and two books on the desk.
3. as well as 和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。
Ex：He as well as I is responsible for it.
　
4. 以here开头的句子, 其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
Ex：Here is a letter and some books for you.
基础篇
填空
1. The poor woman with her two children ________ in the street. (beg)
2. ________ you or he a student? (be)
3. The number of students in our class ________ 56.（be）
4. Listen! Miss Yang with many students ________ in the next room. (sing)
5. Look! Class Four ________ eye exercises. (do)
6. There ________ some Chinese and three Americans in the traveling team. (be)
7. Neither the student nor the teacher ________ here. Where are they? （be）
8. Neither of the stories ________ interesting. (be)
9. Each cat and each dog ________ its own doll. (have)
10. The police ________ helping the children cross the road now. (be)
11. This pair of shoes ________ nice. (look)
12. Here ________ a letter and two books for you.（be）
13. His telephone number ________ 7620796.
14. Jane is one of the best students in her class who ________ by their teacher. (praise)
15. Mary as well as her sisters ________ Chinese in China. (study)
16. Many a man ________ to help you. (come)
17. Every boy and every girl ________ to attend the English party. (wish)
18. To work hard ________ necessary for a student.（be）
19. One student or two________ late today. (be)
20. Everyone here, including children and old people, ________ in for sports. (go)
提升篇
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. They said the eighteenth and last lesson _____ quite easy.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 2. ---When are you going to Kunming for your holidays?
? ---I haven’t decided. _____ this Sunday _____next Sunday is OK.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
( ) 3. _____ Helen_____ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China.
A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B
( ) 4._______ of them has his own opinion.
A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each
( ) 5. Are there any _____ on the farm?
A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep
( ) 6. My shirt _____ white and my trousers _____ blue.
A. are; are???????? B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are
( ) 7. ---Two months _____ quite a long time.
---Yes. I’m afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 8. The old man has two children but _____ of them lives with him.
A. both B. none C. neither D. all
( ) 9. Our knowledge of computer _____ growing all the time.
A. be B. is C. are D. were
( ) 10. Everyone except Tom and John _____ there when the meeting began.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 11. Most of the houses _____ this year.
A. has built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built
( ) 12. I think math _____ very difficult to learn.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
( ) 13. A large number of students _____ to work in Xinjiang.
A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going
( ) 14. The number of the students in the class _____ small.
A. are B. is C. have D. were
( ) 15. There _____ a lot of good news in today’s newspaper.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 16. The League secretary and monitor _____ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 17. There are about eighty workers in the factory and among them a third _____ women.
A. is B. are C. have been D. will be
( ) 18. My trousers _____. I need a new _____.
A. are worn out, pair B. have worn out, pair
C. has worn out, one D. wear out, one
( ) 19. What _____ the population of Canada? Do you think it will _____.
A. is, become B. are, become C. are, grow D. is, grow
( ) 20. Here _____ some presents for you.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
( ) 21.What he said _____ untrue.
A. was B.is C. are D. were
( ) 22. When each person _____, they must take off their coats.
A. comes in B. come in C. are coming in D. came
( ) 23. These books each _____ too much.
A. costs B. cost C.is cost D. has cost
( ) 24. The Browns _____ getting ready for the picnic.
A. are B.is C. can be D. has been
( ) 25. The teacher and writer _____ to visit our schoo1.
A.is coming B. are coming C. have come D. was coming
( ) 26.Each man tourist and each woman tourist _____ to help.
A. asks B. ask C. is asked D. are asked
( ) 27. _____ there anybody in the classroom ?
A. Are B.Is C. Has D. Have
( ) 28. Half of the apples _____red.
A.1ook B.1ooks C. looked D. are looking
( ) 29. Reading aloud _____very important in learning a foreign language.
A. are B.is C. has D. have
( ) 30. The girl’s teacher and friend _____ a young doctor.
A.is B. are C.be D. being
三、意义一致的原则
1. 时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词做主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数。
Ex：Twenty years is not a long time.
Ten dollars is too dear.
2. 有些集合名词, 如family（家庭, 家人）, crew（全体工作人员）, crowd（人群）, company（公司, 伙伴）, audience（观众）, committee（团体, 公众）, government（政府）, group（一群人, 组）, team等做主语时, 如作为一个整体看待, 谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员, 则用复数。
Ex：My family is big one.
My family are watching TV.
3. 不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none做主语时, 也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词, 谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词, 谓语动词用单数。
Ex：All of the work has been finished. All of the people have gone.
4. 疑问代词做主语时, 其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义, 谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义, 则谓语动词用单数。
Ex：Who is your brother?
Who are League members?
5. “分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组做主语时, 其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数, 谓语动词用复数：名词是单数, 谓语动词用单数。但要注意population 一词, 用作整体时, 谓语动词用单数, 用其部分做主语时, 谓语动词形式用复数。
Ex：It is said that 35 percent of the doctors are women.
Three –fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70% of the population are peasants.
6. half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词做主语时, 如果所指为复数意义, 动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义, 动词用单数。
Ex：I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.
Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.
7. 由what 引导地主于从句做主语时, 通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数形式。
Ex：What she said is correct.
What she left me are a few old books.
8. 凡是以“定冠词+形容词（或分词）”做主语, 往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人, 谓语动词用复数；如果指的是一个人或抽象概念, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Ex：The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
The dead is a famous person.
9. 当表示国家, 城市, 人名, 书名, 报纸, 杂志, 及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时, 作为整体, 谓语动词用单数形式。
Ex：The New York Times is reading all over the United States. 《纽约时报》
主语形式为复数而意义却为单数, 如：news, works（工厂）或一些以-ics结尾的学科名称, Ex：physics, politics, mathematics等, 谓语动词需用单数形式
基础篇
一、填空
1. Either the boys nor the girls _________ anything about it. (know)
2. My father as well as I ________ responsible for it. (be)
3. The sick ______________ and the lost have been found. (cure)
4. What she left me _________ a few old books. (be)
5. I have read a large part of the book, the rest _______ more difficult. (be)
6. Who ________ League members? (be)
7. It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors_________ women. (be)
8. All of the work __________. (finish)
9. Ten dollars__________ too dear. (be)
10. My family __________ TV. (watch)
二、单项选择。
( ) 1. Not all the children _____ going to the park.
A.1ikes B.1ike C. doesn’t like D. don’t like
( ) 2. Everyone in the school _____ English well.
A. speaks B. speak C. have spoken D. speak in
( ) 3. Not only the children but also their father _____ in town.
A. is B. were C. are D. have been
( ) 4. Either he or I _____wrong.
A.am B. does C. are D. makes
( ) 5. The old _____ _____ here very well.
A. are; looked B.is; after C. are; looked after D.is; looked
( ) 6. Each boy and each gir1 _____ to help.
A. asks B. ask C. is asked D. are asked
( ) 7. _____ of them _____ Young Pioneers.
A. Two-fives; is B. Two-fifths; are C. Second-fifth; are D. Two-five; are
( ) 8. Neither Jim nor his parents _____ in America.
A. lives B.1iving C.to live D.1ive
( ) 9. _____ was beginning to laugh.
A. All class B. The whole class C. All the classes D. The all class
( ) 10. How many students _____ in your class?
A. are there B.is there C. there are D. there is
( ) 11. There _____ several fish in the basket?
A. are B.is C. has D. have
( ) 12. Whose _____ those?
A. box are B. boxes are C. box is D. boxes is
( ) 13. The windows of our classroom _____ every day.
A.is cleaned B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D.is cleaning
( ) 14. You and she _____ of the same age.
A.is B. was C. are D. were
( ) 15. The news he told you _____ very wonderful.
A.is B. sound C. are D.am
( ) 16. An old man with his two children _____ down the road now.
A. comes B.is coming C. are coming D. was coming
( ) 17. The rest of the milk _____ hot.
A. are B.1ook 1ike C.is D. taste
( ) 18. The Browns _____ getting ready for the picnic.
A. are B.is C. can be D. has been
( ) 19. The Chinese people _____ a great and working people
A. will be B.is C. are D. may be
( ) 20. Where _____ my glasses? I can’t find them.
A.is B. are C. was D. were
( ) 2l. Class Two _____ all out when the door opened.
A. are B.is C. were D. was
( ) 22. The teacher and writer _____ to visit our schoo1.
A.is coming B. are coming C. have come D. was coming
( ) 23. Playing basketball and watching TV _____ both interesting.
A. are B.is C. were D. was
( ) 24. A man with a baby _____ to the market.
A. are coming B.is coming C. were coming D.is to come
( ) 25. One or two words _____ wrong in that sentences.
A.is B. are C.do D. does
( ) 26. None of the money _____ mine.
A. are B.is C. have D. has
( ) 27. Five buses ______ enough for all of us.
A. are B.is C. will D. are looking
( ) 28. Half of the students _____tired.
A.1ook B.1ooks C. looked D. are looking
( ) 29. _____ there anybody in the classroom?
A. Are B.Is C. Has D. Have
( ) 30. Each of the books _____ a red cover.
A. have B. has C.is D. are
( ) 31. Ten thousand dollars _____ a 1ot of money.
A.is B. are C. mean D. are thought
( ) 32. A number of students _____ from the USA.
A.is B. are C. comes D. was
( ) 33. The socks _____ mine.
A. are B. is C. am D. were
( ) 34. When each person _____, they must take off their coats.
A. comes in B. come in C. are coming in D. came
( ) 35. Everyone in the class ______ very happy.
A.is B. are C.am D. were
( ) 36. Few ______ near here.
A.1ives B.1ive C.is living D. was living
( ) 37. This kind of apple _____ good.
A. taste B. tastes C. will taste D. tasted
( ) 38. Some new types of bus _____ on show.
A.is B. are C.be D. was
( ) 39. Reading aloud _____ very important in learning a foreign language.
A. Are B.is C. has D. have
( ) 40. What he said _____ untrue.
A. was B.is C. are D. were
( ) 41. Football _____ my favorite sport.
A. is B. are C. be D. were
( ) 42. The girl’s teacher and friend _____ a young doctor.
A.is B. are C. be D. being
( ) 43. Everything around us ______ OK.
A. are B. have gone C. has gone D. is gone
( ) 44. My old trousers _____ washed now.
A. are B. is C. are being D. is being
( ) 45. This pair of trousers _____ too long for me to wear.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
( ) 46. Thirty kilos _____ too heavy for me.
A.is B. are C. takes D. take
( ) 47. Are my books on the table? No, there _____ on the table.
A. aren’t anything B. isn’t anything
C. aren’t something D. isn’t some thing
( ) 48. His family _____ going to have a long journey.
A. has B. have C.is D. are
Step 3 Homework
完型/阅读
A
Wang Yani was born in 1975. Even as a baby she loved to draw. Her father was an __1__. Yani wanted to be like him. So she tried to stand like her father as she painted, which made him laugh.
One day, Yani painted lines on her father's painting. He got __2__. At the time she was only two and a half years old, she cried and said, "I want to __3__ like you!" Her father looked at her without saying anything. He __4__ remembered his childhood(童年). He also wanted to draw and paint, but his parents didn't understand. They just got angry. He didn't want to see the same thing happen to his daughter. So he decided to __5__ her.
With her father's help, Yani soon __6__. Her lines became flowers, trees and animals. Her father took her to parks and zoos to get __7__ for her paintings. By the end of six, Yani had made over 4, 000 works. Her paintings were very special. People __8__ her works. When she was eight, one of her paintings was made into a Chinese postage stamp.
Yani became famous when she was young. Her works were __9__ in different countries in Asia, Europe and North America, __10__ her parents never sold her paintings. She is well-known in the world, and art is still a great joy in her life.
( )1. A. actor B. athlete C. artist D. engineer
( )2. A. angry B. excited C. sad D. interested
( )3. A. laugh B. speak C. stand D. paint
( )4. A. happily B. clearly C. hardly D. usually
( )5. A. help B. stop C. refuse D. miss
( )6. A. did homework B. made money C. did sports D. made progress
( )7. A. news B. time C. ideas D. luck
( )8. A. hated B. loved C. found D. forgot
( )9. A. lost B. sold C. bought D. shown
( )10. A. and B. but C. so D. or
B
Round eyes, round head, round ears, round body! What is this lovely little animal? He looks like a bear. But he is not a bear. He’s a KOALA.
People in Australia love koalas and take care of them. They have set up places for them to live safely. No one can kill them for their pretty fur. When a koala is born, he has no fur. And he is not as big as your little toe! The mother koala has a pocket in the front of her body. The baby goes into this warm pocket. There he stays for six months.
When the baby leaves the pocket, he has much fur. And he is about as big as your shoe. He climbs to his mother’s back. He rides there while she teaches him how to find food. Mrs. Koala is a loving mother. She takes good care of her baby. But when he is bad she beats him! The baby cries just as a small child does. If he keeps on crying, his mother beats him again. When he stops crying, she takes him in her arms. And then they both go to sleep for a while.
The koala could not live without a special kind of tree. The tree gives him both his home and his food. For most of the day the koala sleeps in the tree.
At night the koala looks for food. He may go miles to find it. He likes only the bark and the leaves of the tree. He eats nothing else. And he eats more than two pounds each night!
How lovely the koalas really are!
1. People in Australia ________.
A. keep koalas in their homes B. put koalas in the tree
C. set up places for koalas to live safely D. raise baby koalas in their pockets
2. After he is born, the baby koala lives in his mother’s pocket ________.
A. for six days B. for six months C. for a night D. all his life
3. What does the mother koala usually do when her baby is bad?
A. She takes him in her pocket B. She keeps him on her back.
C. She makes him cry D. She beats him.
4. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree because ________.
A. they have to keep cool under the tree B. they eat the fruit on the tree
C. they stay in the tree all the time D. they live in the tree and get food from it
5. What is the text mainly about?
A. How people in Australia protect koalas.
B. Lovely koalas in Australia.
C. Koalas cannot live without a special kind of tree.
D. The way mother koalas take care of their babies.
C
Do you like going to a zoo to see __1__? How about __2__ a zoo and feeding the animals yourself? It's not a joke. It happened both in a film and in the _3_ Benjamin Mee is a newspaper writer in Los Angeles, the U.S. His wife dies and he has to __4__ his two young kids. Hoping for a fresh start for his family, Mee __5__ his job and buys an old house on 73 000 square meters __6__ the city. The land comes with a special gift: a zoo in the country called the Rosemoor Animal Park!
The zoo was __7__ because of the economy crisis. With __8__ raising them, about 200 animals are still living there.
The Mee family decided to help reopen the zoo. But it's not an easy job __9__ they have no experience and little money. There are also unexpected __10__, such as a bear running away one day.
This is the story of American movie We Bought a Zoo. It tells the real amazing story of Benjamin Mee.
( )1. A. tigers B. lions C. animals D. birds
( )2.A. buying B. visiting C. building D. renting
( )3. A. story book B. international website C. TV program D. real world
( )4. A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
( )5. A. finds B. gets C. quits D. loses
( )6. A. outside B. inside C. behind D. before
( )7. A. opened B. closed C. watched D. rebuilt
( )8. A. engineers B. nurses C. doctors D. zookeepers
( )9. A. since B. though C. whether D. however
( )10. A. surprises B. joys C. problems D. excitement
D
The Sound of Music
Place, Fuzhou Theater Number, 6, Row 9,1st Floor
Date, 7:00 p.m. May loth Price, ￥80
◆Don’t bring any dangerous things.
◆If you are late, enter the theater quietly.
◆The use of cameras and videos is not allowed.
◆Turn off your cellphones or set them to vibration mode(震动模式).
◆Please check your seat number and be seated before the play begins.
◆Please check the date and seat number when you buy your ticket. After the ticket has been sold, there is no refund.
( )1. The play begins at ________.
A. 7:00 p.m. B. 9:00 a.m. C. 7:00 a.m. D. 9:00 p.m.
( )2. Your seat number is ________.
A. 9, Row 6 B. 6, Row 9 C. 10, Row 9 D. 7, Row 9
( )3. If you are late for the play, you’d better ________.
A. walk around B. call up your friends
C. make much noise D. enter the theater quietly
( )4. You should at the theater.
A. use cameras and videos B. sell your ticket
C. talk with your friends loudly D. check your seat number
( )5. The underlined word “refund” means“________”.
A. 入场 B. 出场 C. 退票 D. 签票
CADBA DCBDB CBDDB
CDDBC ABDAC ABDDC
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