2021年深圳市中考英语二轮语法复习 基础语法专题 宾语从句 教案+练习（无答案）

英语学科个性化教学辅导教案
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教学课题
基础语法17——宾语从句
教学内容

Step 1 作业检查及复习
作业完成情况： 优□ 良□ 中□ 差□
Step 2 Grammar ——宾语从句(1)
一、宾语的概念：宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。
I miss you. I believe you.
主语 谓语 宾语 主语 谓语 宾语
什么叫宾语从句？——顾名思义，能够充当宾语的句子即宾语从句。
找出下列句子的动词和宾语从句：
1. I believe that you are right.
2. Do you know where we can stay on the island？
3. I wonder if I can use your computer.
4. The boy didn’t know when he could leave.
5. The report said that the number of the people infected by H1N1 was increasing.
二、宾语从句的三大类：
1.宾语从句是陈述句时——that
Mary said: ‘I’m getting fat.’——Mary said that she was getting fat.
直接引语 间接引语（宾语从句）
小结：直接引语变成间接引语时，_______________和_______________要做适当的改变。
Exercise:把下列句子变成宾语从句：
1. Judy said, ‘My parents are very well.’_____________________________________________
2. ‘Tom is not at school ,’ he told the teacher.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. She said, ‘I’m learning to drive.’
_____________________________________________________________________
4. He said: ‘I like you.’
_____________________________________________________________________
5. ‘My brother will stay in Beijing for 10 days,’ the girl said.
_____________________________________________________________________
6. Joyce said: ‘I have been to Egypt.’
_____________________________________________________________________
2.宾语从句是一般疑问句时——if/ whether是否
59690230505Mary asked: ‘Am I getting fat?’——Mary asked if/whether she was getting fat.
if和whether的区别：一般情况下，两者可以互换，但是whether后可直接加or not，而if不可和or not直接连用。
488950109220比较： I'll be happy whether or not I get the job.
I'll be happy whether/if I get the job or not.
Exercise:把下列句子变成宾语从句,注意陈述句语序：
(1). “Is your mother a driver?” she asked Lily.
________________________________________________________________
(2). She asked the boy, “Is it raining?”
________________________________________________________________
(3). “Do you need any help?” Bob asked me.
________________________________________________________________
(4). “Can I eat a little more?” she asked.
________________________________________________________________
(5). Peter said to me, “Will you go with me?”
________________________________________________________________
(6). Linda asked Mary: ‘Have you seen a ghost before?’
_________________________________________________________________
3.宾语从句是特殊疑问句时——7w+1h (what, who, when, where, which, why, whose, how)
Mary asked: ‘Why am I getting fat?’——Mary asked why she was getting fat.
Exercise: 把下列句子变成宾语从句，
(1). Mr. Black asked the woman: ‘When will the train leave?’
________________________________________________________________
(2). The teacher asked Tom: ‘How can you work out the problem without any help?’
________________________________________________________________
(3). The policeman asked: ‘Whose bag is it?’
________________________________________________________________
(4). Mrs. White asked her daughter: ‘Where have you been?’
________________________________________________________________
(5). Linda came and asked me: ‘What are you doing?
________________________________________________________________
三、时态变化原则：
A．宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
Ex：I know (that) he lives here all the time.
I know (that) he lived here ten years ago.
I have heard (that) he will come next week.
B. 宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
Ex：I knew (that) he lived here.
He asked us if everybody was here.
He said that he had seen it.
He knew (that) he should study hard.
Exercise 用动词的正确时态填空，注意宾语从句和主句的时态：
1. Could you let me know how soon he _______________(be) back?
2. I hear that he _________________(go) to Hong Kong the day before yesterday.
3. Our geography teacher told us the earth ________________(move) around the sun.
4. She said she _________________(like) reading very much.
5. His father said that he __________________(buy) a new computer for them.
6. We know Mr. Black_________________(visit)our school tomorrow.
7. Mr. Wang told us that he _________________(be) to England twice.
8. Are you sure that you _________________(be) here before?
9. He asked if it __________________(be) cold.
10. I don’t know if the man__________________(be) a teacher.
四、小结：宾语从句要注意
1是引导词；-----------that；whether/if;7w;1h
2是语序；-------------陈述句语序；
3是时态；------------2大变化原则；
4是人称；------------根据前后文改变；
5是标点；------------根据主句改变。
宾语从句综合练习(一)
I．单项选择：（选择正确的引导词）
( )1. I didn’t know ________ they could pass the exam or not.
A. that B. what C. which D. whether
( )2 --Excuse me, ________ is the way to the nearest bookshop, please?
--Go straight and take the second turning on the left.
A. how B. what C. where D. which
( )3. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper ____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B. how C. what D. if
( )4. –Do you know ________ Miss Gao will leave? --Tomorrow morning.
A. when B. what C. who D. where
( )5. –Could you tell me ________ to have the meeting tonight?
--At the meeting room on the third floor.
A. why B. how C. when D. where
( )6. –Do you know________ he is going to stay in London? --No, I don’t. Maybe a few days.
A. when B. how long C. where D. how far
( )7. I see ____________ you have made some drawings of our defense works.
A. that B. if C. whether D. what
( )8. Could you tell us ____________ it snows in winter in Australia?
A. which B. if C. where D. what
( )9. He asked his father ____________ he was not able to hatch chickens while the hens could.
A. why B. if C. that D. what
( )10. He didn’t tell me ____________ he would come to the party.
A. if B. where C. what D. that
( )11. My father told me ____________ he would not come home tonight.
A. whether B. when C. that D. which
( )12. I’m glad ____________ you have passed the exam.
A. if B. that C. whether D. what
( )13. We asked our English teacher _________ .
A. how will we have a rest B. how we will have a rest
C. when would we have a rest D. when we would have a rest
( )14. It seemed ____________ the birds were going to win.
A. if B. that C. when D. where
( )15. I don’t know ____________ the weather will be nice.
A. if B. how C. that D. what
( )16. The Shutes didn’t know ____________ they would arrive in Hong Kong.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
( )17. Could you tell me ____________ we shall get to the museum?
A. how B. whether C. where D. what
( )18. The teacher says ____________ she will leave a message on the desk.
A. that B. what C. who D. whom
( )19. He asked me _______ I knew French.
A. that B. if C. as D. what
( )20. Do you know _______ daughter she is?
A. whose B. whom C. what D. who
( )21. Could you tell me _______ the nearest bus stop is?
A. when B. where C. what D. who
( )22. Mary told me _______ she could finish it on time.
A. that B. if C. when D. whether
( )23. I don’t know _______ or not I have passed the exam.
A. if B. whether C. that D. weather
( )24. –Do you know _______ the population of Chongqing _______? --Certainly.
A. what; is B. how much; is C. what’s ; / D. how many; are
( )25. Alice wanted to know _______ her grandfather liked the bag.
A. that B. if C. which D. what
( )26. I don’t know _______ I can do for you.
A. whether B. what C. if D. how
( )27. Do you know _______ she knows it? (Which is not right?)
A. what B. if C. when D. how
( )28. Boys and girls, did you hear _______ I said?
A. that B. what C. it D. those
( )29. .---Could you tell me ___she is looking for? ---Her cousin, Susan.
　　A. that B. whose C .who D. which
( )30. I don’t know _______ he doesn’t like the book.
A. whether B. if C. that D. how
II. 将下列句子变为宾语从句.
1. She asks , “Are you a doctor or a teacher?”
________________________________________________________________
2. He told me ------ He has been to Wuhan twice.
________________________________________________________________
3. Do you know------? When will they visit the museum?
________________________________________________________________
4. Our physics teacher told us------ Light travels much faster than sound.
________________________________________________________________
5. Could you tell me------? Where is the nearest hospital?
________________________________________________________________
6. We were glad------ Chinese football team has won the game.
________________________________________________________________
7. He asked ------ What’s the matter, madam?
________________________________________________________________
8. They’d like to know------ How can you get to the bus station?
________________________________________________________________
9. Could you tell me?------ What’s your name?
_________________________________________________________________
10. She asked------ Will he agree to the plan?
_________________________________________________________________
Step 3 Grammar ——宾语从句(2)--直接引语变间接引语
一、如何变人称
She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
Exercise：
1.He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how _______________ was then.
2. Mr Smith said. "Jack is a good worker." →Mr Smith said __________was a good worker.
二、如何变时态
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整:往前退一个时态
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时 (would do)
一般过去时
过去完成时 (had done)
现在完成时 （have done）
过去完成时 (had done)
现在进行时 (am/is/are + doing)
过去进行时 (was/were + doing)
1.She said. "We hope so."→She said they ___________so.
2. She said. "He will go to see his friend."→She said he________________ to see his friend.
3.She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she _______________ a pen
*5种特殊情况：时态不变
①直接引语是客观真理。
Ex: "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me.
The teacher told me the earth __________ around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。
Ex: Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"
Jack asked John where he ______________ when he met him in the street.
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Ex: Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。"
Xiao Wang said he ___________ on April 21, 1980.
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。Ex: He said, "I get up at six every morning." He said he _____________ at six every morning.
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。
Ex: Peter said, "You had better come here today."
→Peter said I __________________ there that day.
Peter said, “I could do it myself.” → Peter said he________________it himself.
三、如何变状语
?
在直接引语中
在间接引语中
指示代词
this
that
these
those
表示时间的词
now
then
today
that day
this week(month ,etc)
that week (month ,etc)
yesterday
the day before
last week(month ,etc)
the week(month ,etc) before
three days (a year ,etc) ago
three days (a year. etc) before
tomorrow
the next (following ) day
next week (month ,etc)
the next (following) week (month ,etc)
表地点的词
here
there
动词
bring
take
come
go
Exercise:
1.He said, “I am doing my homework now.” He said he was doing his homework____________.
2. He said, “We can meet here.” → He said they could meet ________________.
3.He said, "These books are mine." →He said ___________ books were his.
四、如何变句型
A.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。Ex: 1."Don’t make any noise," she said to the children.
→She ______________ the children _____________ make any noise.
2."Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.
→She _______________ him _______________ her a cup of tea.
B. 直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +doing（或从句）。”
Ex: He said, "Let’s go to the film."
→He ____________________ to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.
Exercise1:
1. The mother said to her sons, “Get up quickly.”
________________________________________________________________
2. “Don’t cry,” the policeman said to the little girl.
________________________________________________________________
3. “Please don’t eat too fast,” the doctor said to the old man.
________________________________________________________________
4. “Use your head, my son!” shouted the father.
________________________________________________________________
5. “Be careful not to make the same mistake again,” said the teacher to his son.
________________________________________________________________
6. “Put up your hands, everybody,” I said.
________________________________________________________________
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
I. 单选：
( ) 1. “Whose dictionary is this?” she asked him.
→She asked him whose dictionary ________.
A. is this B. that was C. that is D. this is
( ) 2. Teacher told us: “The earth moves round the sun.”
→Teacher told us ________ round the sun.
A. that the earth moved B. that the earth moves
C. if the earth moved D. if the earth moves
( ) 3. “Is your daughter a doctor?” he asked.
→He asked me if ________ a doctor.
A. my daughter is B. my daughter are C. your daughter is D. my daughter was
( ) 4. I asked him, “will you go to America or Japan?”
→I asked him ________.
A. if he would go to America or Japan B. if you would go to America or Japan
C. whether you would go to America or Japan D. whether he would go to America or Japan
( ) 5. John said to her: “How are you feeling now?”
→John asked her how ________ feeling ________.
A. she was, then B. she is, now C. she was, now D. is she, then
( ) 6. “Don’t cross the road without looking carefully.” He said to the children.
→He told the children ________ the street without looking carefully.
A. don’t cross B. didn’t cross C. not to cross D. not crossing
( ) 7. “How long has he been a League member?” She asked me.
→She asked me how long ________ a league member.
A. has be been B. he had been C. she had been D. I had been
II. 转换句型（把直接引语改成间接引语）
1.He said, “I like maths very much.” →He said that ______ _______ maths very much.
2.George said that, “I saw her yesterday.”
→George said that he _____ ______ her ______ ______before.
3.She asked us, “Have you seen the film before?”
→She asked us ______ ______ ______ ______the film before.
4.He said to Rose, “Where did you buy this watch?”
→He asked Rose ______ ______ _______that watch.
5.Lucy said, “I’ll come here tomorrow.”
→Lucy said that she ______ ______ ______ the next day.
6.Tom said, “Don’t play in the street, Mary.”
→Tom told _______ _______ _______play in the street.
宾语从句综合练习
( )1. He says__________ he won't be free until tomorrow.
A. that B. if C. Whether D. what
( )2. She is glad __________he has passed the exam.
A. if B. that C. whether D. which
( )3. I believe_____our game will win the match.
A. if B. which C. that D. whether
( )4. I think________the man is right.
A. when B. if C. whether D. that
( )5. I hope that she __________a doctor in the future.
A. is B. be C. will be D. isn't
( )6. She explains________she is doing her homework.
A. whether B. that C. when D. if
( )7. Jim said_________he hadn't finished his homework.
A. that B. if C. whether D. where
( )8. Jack told me that he____ to Beijing next year.
A. will go B. went C. would go D. goes
( )9. Mum told me that she ________the film three times.
A. had seen B. saw C. sees D. has seen
( )10. He told me _______ Paris __________the capital of France.
A. this; is B. that; was C. that; is D. what; is
( )11. Teacher said that the earth __________round the sun.
A. went B. go C. goes D. going
( )12. Do you know that he has already _______________back?
A. comes B. come C. came D. coming
( )13. He said that he__________________ speak a little English when he was five.
A. might B. would C. could D. can
( )14. Most of people said he was kind when he was young,______________?
A. didn't they B. did they C. wasn't he D. was he
( )15. Alice wanted to know_________ her grandmother liked the bag.
A. that B. if C. which D. what
( )16. I don't know_______ he will come tomorrow.____________ he comes, I'll tell you.
A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If
( )17. I don't know _____the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come
( )18. Could you tell me if ______near here?
A. there is a hospital B. is there a hospital C. a hospital there is D. there a hospital is
( )19. I can't decide __________to say that.
A. if B. whether C. that D. this
( )20. I want to know _________or not it's good news.
A. if B. whether C. that D. whatever
( )21. They wonder__________ this kind of wood can be used in our factory.
A. what B. whether C. that D. /
( )22. The girls asked if they_________some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
( )23. She asked Linda if__________go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she Can D. she may
( )24. I don't know_______ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
( )25. She didn't know_______back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. he would be
( )26. I don't know________ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B. where C. what D. when
( )27. Nobody knows__________it will rain tomorrow.
A. if B. whatever C. when D. that
( )28. Lucy asked____ they had a yellow sweater.
A. / B. whether C. that D. or
( )29. Tom asked my friend______________
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
( )30. ____________you can stay with my mother is another matter.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. This
( )31. I don't care _________they think.
A. who B. where C. what D. why
( )32. Ask her_________he wants.
A. which B. when C. who D. how
( )33. Marry doesn't know_________they are talking about.
A. what B. how C. when D. who
( )34. Would you please tell me ________ ?
A. what was her name B. what her name was C. what is her name D. what her name is
( )35. _______he says sounds reasonable.
A. If B. What C. Who D. Which
( )36. They are talking about________ they saw on the way here.
A. where B. what C. which D. whose
( )37. --Did you know__________at the bus stop? --Maybe their teacher.
A. who are they waiting for B. whom are they waiting for
C. whom they were waiting for D. who did I say
( )38. --What did you say to your mother just now?--I asked her ______ she cooked for dinner.
A. that B. if C. how D. what
( )39. --Could you please tell me _______? --Bus No.32 will take you right there.
A. where is the Museum B. what the Museum is like
C. how can I get to the Museum D. which bus I shall take to the Museum
( )40. --Nobody knows ______ he was after he graduated from University.
--But I was once told he was a doctor working in a town.
A. what B. who C. where D. how
( )41. Can you see _________? There are so many people there.
A. what was happening there B. what are they doing there
C. what are they talking there D. what is happening there
( )42. This morning my mother asked me______________
A. why he is not here B. how did my brother do it
C. what time is it D. what Julia did over the weekend
( )43. Do you know what __________with Jim?
A. is wrong B. wrong is C. wrong was D. the matter is
( )44. What we have heard is different from______________
A. have we seen B. what have we seen C. what we have seen D. we have seen
( )45. Do you know _____________?
A. what did he say B. where has he gone
C. how long will they stay here D. who will clean the classroom
( )46. I don't know__________I can find him.
A. how B. what C. which D. why
( )47. Lucy doesn't know_______we shall leave.
A. when B. who C. what D. whose
( )48. That's_________he speaks English so Well.
A. that B. why C. when D. where
( )49. We all don't know______________
A. why we must leave B. why to leave C. what I must leave D. when I to leave
( )50. He doesn't know________I live.
A. where B. how C. when D. what
( )51. He didn't tell me_______they would go to the zoo.
A. what B. who C. when D. where
( )52. I asked him _______he came to school so late.
A. why B. when C. where D. who
( )53. I followed him to see ________he was going.
A. why B. when C. where D. who
( )54. --I don't know_________now. --He is much better today.
A. how is he B. how he is C. where is he D. where he is
( )55. He asked me______________
A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have
C. they would help us do it D. what was wrong with me
( )56. "--Could you tell me________tomorrow evening? --Well, it will start at 7:30.
A. when the concert will start B. when will the concert start
C. when does the concert start D. when the concert started
( )57. I wonder______________
A. how much cost these shoes B. how much these shoes cost
C. how much do these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost
( )58. --Could you tell me ________for the meeting yesterday? --Because the traffic was bad.
A. why did you come late B. why you came late
C. why do you come late D. why you come late
( )59. --Did Mr Liu tell you __________ ?
--Yes, he said he went there in 2003.
A. when he traveled to Tibet B. how he went to Xiamen
C. where he spent his holidays D. why did he visit Shanghai
( )60. Mother told me ________ that I ______ back on time.
A. to be sure of; would come B. to make sure; will come
C. to be sure; will come D. to make sure; would come
Step 3 Homework
完型填空
Once there was a young Indian boy. He had no family __1__ an old llama(美洲驼). Each day the boy and his llama walked many miles, __2__ a home. Each night they slept together. But one evening, the old llama died. He was very __3__. He sat under a tree and cried. __4__ would he do? He had no family and no home.
The boy cried for a very long time. __5__ there was no one to comfort(安慰)him. There were only the stars in the sky.
Suddenly, the sky filled with bright light. The boy was __6__. He couldn't move. One bright star fell to the ground. Slowly, the __7__ took the Shape of the old llama. She drank from the river. She smiled at the boy. As she jumped back into the sky, its wool __8__ on the ground.
The boy picked up the soft, warm wool. __9__ shined in his hands like starlight. He carried the wool to the city and sold it. With the money, he __10__ a house and two young llamas. He never forgot the star llama. And he was never lonely again.
( )1. A. besides B. between C. except D. with
( )2. A. looking for B. coming in C hearing about D. looking through
( )3. A. normal B. poor C. smart D. sad
( )4. A. Why B. What C. Which D. How
( )5. A. But B. And C. So D. Or
( )6. A. active B. angry C. crazy D. afraid
( )7. A. boy B. star C. light D. girl
( )8. A. boiled B. checked C. fell D. froze
( )9. A. They B. It C. He D. She
( )10. A. bought B. kept C. left D. saved
阅读理解
A
Albert was an ordinary worker in an oil company in America. His workmates gave a nickname (绰号) "Four dollars a bucket of oil" below his name whenever and wherever he wrote down his name.As time went by, people forgot his real name. Later, when Rockefeller, the board chairman (董事长) of the oil company, heard of it, he was very surprised, so he invited Albert to come to his office.
"Some people give you a nickname for 'Four dollars a bucket'. Why aren't you angry?" asked Rockefeller with some puzzlement in his eyes.
"Oh! Mr. Rockefeller! I like this nickname very much, because 'Four dollars a bucket's is our company's advertisement. As long as someone calls me 'Four dollars a bucket' once, I think it's free advertisement for our company. It's not necessary for me to get angry. Don't you think so, Mr. Rockefeller?"
"Oh! What a wonderful man!" Rockefeller said excitedly when hearing Albert's words "Young man! Work harder, you must be successful in the future! I believe in you!"
Five years later, Albert became the second board chairman after Rockefeller. Later Albert said in one of his reports, "I don't think we should feel frustrated when we have no way to do the world-shaking things. We should treat everything actively because maybe our future success will
begin from a small thing!"
( )1.Albert was___________in the oil company at the beginning.
A. A worker. B. An assistant. C. A manager. D. The second board chairman.
( )2. Albert wasn't angry about his nickname because_____________?
A. He liked to have a nickname. B. It could make his workmates happy.
C. He could become famous. D. It was a free advertisement for his company.
( )3. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Rockefeller asked young people to work harder.
B. It's very important to do small things well.
C. You can't get angry when someone calls your nickname.
D. You should make more advertisements for your company.
( )4.What did Rockefeller mean when he said “the world-shaking things”?
The big things B. The interesting things
C. The small things D. The frightening things
( )5. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. I Believe in You B. Albert and Rockefeller
C. Four Dollars a Bucket D. The Second Board Chairman
B
Skin Diving Interesting & Useful
Skin diving (潜泳) ,a new sport today, takes you into a wonderful new world. It is like a visit to the moon!
When under water, it is easy for you to climb big rocks because you are no longer heavy,much lighter than on land!.
Here, under water, everything is blue and green. During the day, there is plenty of light. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands!
With a tank (罐子) of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time,but you must be careful when you dive in deep water.
To catch fish is one of the most interesting parts of the sports. Besides, there’s more uses for skin diving. You can clean and repair ships without taking them out of water. You can get many things from the deep sea.
( )6. The underline sentence”take you into a wonderful world”in the first paragraph means______.
A.the moon is a wonderful place to visit.
B.climbing big rocks under water is wonderful.
C.skin diving is a wonderful way for traveling.
D.you can see many things you’ve never seen and enjoy yourself.
( )7. With a tank of air on your back, you can______ .
A. swim like a fish B. have more fun
C. go deeper under water and stay longer D. catch fish more easily
( )8. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A.skin diving is a new sport today. B.skin diving is interesting as well as useful.
C.How to catch fish. D.What you can see under water.
( )9.You can probably find this article in a ___________.
A.newspaper B.text book C.sport magazine D.guidebook
( )10.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about skin-diving according to the passage?
A.You feel lighter when you go under water.
B.You can clean and fix ships without taking them out of water at skin diving.
C.There’s enough light under water all the time.
D.You can see fish and catch them at skin-diving.
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